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Kouichi Murakami,1 Emi Inayama,1 Yukiko Itoh,1 Shoji Tuchiya,1 Masashi Iwasaki,2 Nobuko Tamura,1 Toshihiko Suzuki,3 Noriko Iwai,1 Junji Utino,4 Motoyuki Masai,4 Daiji Nagayama,5,6 Kohji Shirai4,6 1Seijinaki Mihama Narita Clinic, Narita City, Chiba, 286-0041, Japan; 2Seijinkai Mihama Katori Clinic, Katori City, Chiba, 287-0041, Japan; 3Seijinkai Mihama Sakura Clinic, Sakura City, Chiba, 285-0841, Japan; 4Seijinkai Mihama Hospital, Chiba City, Chiba, 261-0013, Japan; 5Nagayama Clinic, Oyama City, Tochigi, 323-0032, Japan; 6Sakura Hospital, School of Medicine Toho University, Sakura City, Chiba, 285-8741, JapanCorrespondence: Daiji NagayamaNagayama Clinic, 2-12-22, Tenjin-Cho, Oyama City, Tochigi, 323-0032, JapanTel/Fax +81-285-22-0219Email deverlast96071@gmail.comAim: Mortality rate of maintenance hemodialysis patients is known to be high. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is an index reflecting the proper stiffness of the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle. We aimed to clarify the utility of CAVI as a predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. The roles of age and nutritional conditions on survival were also examined.Methods: We followed 242 patients undergoing hemodialysis for 6 consecutive years. Data from 209 patients (mean age was 60 ± 11 years) excluding those with ankle-brachial index < 0.90 were then analyzed. CAVI and heart to ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV) were measured using Vasera 1500.Results: Thirty-eight hemodialysis patients who died during the 6-year period had higher age, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), CAVI, and haPWV, and lower diastolic blood pressure, albumin, phosphate, and calcium phosphate product. The Kaplan–Meier curves for cumulative survival among the tertile groups showed that the mortality rate was higher in the highest tertile (T3) compared to T1/T2 for both CAVI and haPWV. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that CAVI had better discriminatory power for all-cause mortality compared

In this paper, conserved quantities of the discrete hungry Lotka-Volterra (dhLV) system are derived. Our approach is based on the Lax representation of the dhLV system, which expresses the time evolution of the dhLV system as a similarity transformation on a certain square matrix. Thus, coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of this matrix constitute conserved quantities of the dhLV system. These coefficients are calculated explicitly through a recurrence relation among the characteristic polynomials of its leading principal submatrices. The conserved quantities of the discrete hungry Toda (dhToda) equation is also derived with the help of the Bäcklund transformation between the dhLV system and the dhToda equation.

Nowadays, the flight distance of champion team of the birdman rally contest was over 400 m. In order to break the record, we have to consider the weather conditions, flight conditions and design optimization of the glider. For this purpose, we developed the three-dimensional flight simulator and the optimization program based on genetic algorithm. The simulation result of the three-dimensional flight simulator was reasonably agreement with the real flight. GA (Genetic Algorithm) optimization was carried out with two hundreds samples and fifty generations. The dominant genes of airplane for the contest were obtained with GA. The performance map showed the optimal airplanes such as the champion team were sensitive and not easy-handle. The simulator was suggested another optimized model with flexible wing that was not sensitive to flight conditions. The proposed model got the fourth prize and the referee's award of the birdman rally contest 2005., JAXA Special Publication, 宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料

A new algorithm for singular value decomposition (SVD) is presented through relating SVD problem to nonlinear systems whose solutions are constrained on hyperplanes. The hyperplane constrained nonlinear systems are solved with the help of Newton’s iterative method. It is proved that our SVD algorithm has the quadratic convergence substantially and all singular pairs are computable. These facts are also confirmed by some numerical examples.