Search

In this article, estimating the finite population means under simple random and stratified random sampling schemes. Our proposition is based on the notion of using auxiliary information in a more rigorous fashion. Specifically, we use ranks and squared values of the auxiliary information in addition to observed values of the auxiliary variable. The applicability of the proposed family of estimators is demonstrated by considering real data sets coming from diverse fields of applications. Moreover, the performance comparison is conducted with respect to a recently proposed family of estimators. The findings are encouraging and superior performance of the suggested family of estimators is witnessed and documented throughout the article.

Narratives, human experiences, life histories and stories are powerful tools to understand a social phenomenon. Different kinds of pandemics and disasters create different types of stories and experiences. The human response to disasters seems to be generating or at least permitting an increase in property losses, especially in societies where economic growth is rapid and modern technology is spreading fast. Some hazards are created by persistent inhabitance of dangerous areas or by alteration of land or water, while others are exacerbated by efforts to reduce the risk. The disasters adversely affect societies but also give rise to heroic stories of survival and resilience. The North-Western Himalayan region is prone to several kinds of disasters like floods, earthquakes, landslides etc. One of the most disaster prone regions in North-Western Himalayas is Kashmir Valley. Kashmir Valley has witnessed several disastrous floods in the last century but the most disastrous flood in the recent history of the Union Territory is the September 2014 flood which affected all the aspects of life and resulted into death of 277 people. It also witnessed floods in 2015, 2017 and most recently in 2019 but they were not as devastating as the 2014 flood. The present study gives the ethnographic account of the recent floods in Kashmir Valley with special focus on 2014 flood. It gives account of the devastating loss and suffering of people due to the floods. The present ethnographic study goes deeper into understanding narratives of people, their experiences of the floods, account of several survival stories, the politics involved in relief and rescue, history of the people of Kashmir, the meaning behind the narratives and the meaning of belonging and communitarianism. It also provides insight into vulnerability of different classes of people to floods.

To achieve high quality localization of nodes, a smart-mesh strategy is employed in the discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) simulation. The strategy is able to adjust adaptively the nodes defined on the unstructured triangular element in real-time simulation, thus an arbitrary or uncertain shaped object can be modeled accurately. The benefits of smart-mesh strategy are demonstrated for a partially dielectric filled cavity with microscale random material height and uncertain rough interface. Numerical experiments show that the smart-mesh approach can capture fine structural information and achieve more effective positions to match variable shapes.

Handicraft activities occupy an important position in the economic structure of J&K State. Being environment friendly, these activities are best suited to the state as they are more labour intensive and less capital intensive in nature, thus having scope for employment generation at a large scale. The Kashmir handicraft products have earned worldwide fame for their attractive designs, functional utility and high quality craftsmanship. However this sector has suffered a lot due to unorganized market Lack of skilled workers new technology and absence of brand image. So in order to improve the production and branding of handicraft Geographical Indication is needed. Geographical Indication (GI) identifies a good/product as originating in a particular region, where a particular quality of the good is attributable to its place of origin. GI will help Jammu and Kashmir producers differentiate the uniqueness of the products from similar competing products, establish brand and goodwill of local products, fetch premium price for such products, and increase sales/export by protecting reputation of the products. The essence of GIs is that specific geographic locations yield product qualities that cannot be replicated elsewhere. GI-registered product is produced using the GI technology. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the status of the geographical indication in the state of Jammu and Kashmir as well as its prospect. The state has so far brought six of its ethnic and region specific products under geographical indication. All of these products belong to only one product category i.e. Handicrafts. The state has huge panorama of using geographical indication for its unique and famous ethnic and region specific products. However, lack of knowledge about intellectual property rights is not giving proper value and recognition to the geographical indication in the state.

The regularity of risk in modern societies permeates everyday life— from the air that we breathe, to the food that we eat, to the water we drink and to where we work and live. We live in a globalized world associated with risk societies which is caused by a myriad of global processes. These processes interact to produce an unforeseen dangers and endless array of risks. Kashmir being politically and ecologically fragile area needs a special understanding in terms of its physical and political geography. Kashmir suffered the worst flood in last 109 years in the year 2014. The present research analyses the disaster management in Jammu and Kashmir with special emphasis on causes of 2014 flood in Kashmir Valley. It digs deeper into the politics of urbanization and how the state has turned a blind eye to lake encroachment and land grab. The flood occurred due to the mismanagement of the resources and the faulty means of development. Increased level of urbanisation and its unplanned growth, and encroachment on the banks of Jhelum River proved to be detrimental to the environment and people. The other factors like deforestation, glacial melt and destruction of wetlands in the fragile Himalayan ecosystem particularly in the Western Himalayas, lack of proper disaster management plan in the valley, climate change, land grab, extensive catchment of Jhelum River, administrative laxity, lack of proper flood channel for Jhelum River etc. corroborated in the occurrence of the flood. The combination of these factors increased the vulnerability of the people to the 2014 flood in Kashmir Valley. Natural calamities are known to change politics, and floods are a great leveller. The political instability and unsettled conditions in Kashmir compound problems many times over.

The present study has attempted to create and examine a conceptually grounded working model that examines the moderating influence of utilitarian and hedonic shopping values with Indian grocery stores on the association between usage of Private Label (PL) and Store Loyalty (SL). For this, primary data was collected from 350 consumers, from different stores in India selling PL products. The theoretical model was analyzed using SEM. The findings of the study reflect that an inverse relationship between PL usage and SL. However, the presence of utilitarian shopping value reverses this into a positive linkage between PL usage and SL. This finding reflects some intriguing ramifications for retailers and corporate. For instance, evolving and aligning different marketing strategies help the retailers in creating the necessary USV so as to create shopping involvement that may help retailers to upgrade their SL in a favourable manner over the long term. Earlier research has not examined the involvement of PL items from the viewpoint of shopping value. Subsequently, this paper endeavours to examine the regulating effect of shopping value on the PL consumption and SL.

Raja Rao 1908 2006 is one of the best Indian novelists writing in English. He occupies a central position in any discussion of Indian English literature. He is the foremost of those writers whose work has placed Indo English literature on the map of world literatures. His first and best known novel, Kanthapura 1938 earned him an international acclaim and acceptance as one of the major novelists in Indian English literature. Kanthapura is a novel dealing with the impact of the Gandhian freedom struggle on a remote South Indian village of that name. In this novel Raja Rao uses myths and legends to enrich the texture of the novel and impart to it a rare expansiveness, elevation and dignity. The paper attempts to show parallelism between Ramayana and Kanthapura by examining Raja Rao's artistic use of myth in the novel. Ishfaq Hussain Bhat "Use of Myth in Kanthapura: Parallelism Between Ramayana and Kanthapura" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5940.pdf

Today’s arena of global village organizations, social applications, and commercial websites provides huge information about products, individuals, and activities. This is leading to a plethora of content that requires effective handling to obtain the desired information. A recommendation system (RS) suggests relevant items to the user according to his/her desired preference. It processes various information related to users and items. However, RSs suffer from data sparsity. Generally, deep learning techniques are used in RSs for deep analysis of item contents to create precise recommendations. However, the effective handling of user reviews in parallel with item reviews is still an open research domain that can be further explored. In this paper, a hybrid model that handles both user and item metadata concurrently is proposed with the aim of solving the sparsity problem. To demonstrate the viability of the proposed methodology, a series of experiments was performed on three real-world datasets. The results show that the proposed model outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches to the best of our knowledge.

Product redesign is not a straightforward task, specifically for complex commodities. Engineering change requirements can be evoked in any phase of the product development process, thus making engineering change management a challenging task. The motive of this study is to explore the best possible way of managing engineering change requirements taking execution sequence of change requirements into consideration. In this article, a new approach supporting engineering change requirements implementation sequence, by considering the risk associated with engineering changes, is presented. The risk of the redesign is hard to foresee since the engineering change effects are being dispersed from the instigating component to other associated components. In this article, the term of rework-risk is used for the amount of rework needed to be done to redesign the products’ components. The practicality of suggested method is analyzed using the redesign of an optical mouse as a case study. Managing engineering change requirements in a group with proper sequence can ensue with a 15% decrease in the redesign duration as compared with the prompt implementation of engineering change requirements. Conversely, it can also cause 36.23% increase in the redesign duration, if not handled in an appropriate sequence. The results from a single, simple case, indicates that running engineering change requirement batches can be beneficial.

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is beyond doubt the greatest dramatist of all time. He occupies a position unique in world literature. His plays earned him an International acclaim and acceptance as the best dramatist in the entire history of English literature. His play, The Tempest has been interpreted differently by critics belonging to different schools of thought. "The Post-colonial readings of The Tempest were inspired by the decolonization movements of the 1960s and 1970s in Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America."1 The paper attempts a postcolonial reading of The Tempest by questioning Prospero's ownership of the island and rethinking the role of Caliban.

This paper demonstrates that interval type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems (FLS’s) are suited to Multiprocessor System-on-a-Chip (MPSoC) design modeling because of their ability to handle the uncertainty associated with input parameters. This makes for a scalable modeling process, whereas prior usage of type-1 FLS’s for modeling inhibited scalability. Specifically, the paper proposes a type-2 Takagi Sugeno Kang (TSK) FLS for modeling MPSoCs built around a multicore processor with shared memory. The paper also presents a TSK FLS reconfiguration methodology in order to dynamically reduce the energy consumption of such a multiprocessor. Modeling of MPSoC’s by means of the type-2 TSK FLS was found to be effective in terms of a reduction in the Energy Delay Product when applied to five large-scale numerical processing applications on an MPSoC. In fact, experimental results show a significant reduction (by 87–93% across the applications) in the energy consumption of an MPSoC.

The well-known model of Vestal aims to avoid excessive pessimism in the quantification of the processing requirements of mixed-criticality systems, while still guaranteeing the timeliness of higher-criticality functions. This can bring important savings in system costs, and indirectly help meet size, weight and power constraints. This efficiency is promoted via the use of multiple worst-case execution time (WCET) estimates for the same task, with each such estimate characterised by a confidence associated with a different criticality level. However, even this approach can be very pessimistic when the WCET of successive instances of the same task can vary greatly according to a known pattern, as in MP3 and MPEG codecs or the processing of ADVB video streams. In this paper, we present a schedulability analysis for the multiframe mixed-criticality model, which allows tasks to have multiple, periodically repeating, WCETs in the same mode of operation. Our work extends both the analysis techniques for Static Mixed-Cricality scheduling (SMC) and Adaptive Mixed-Criticality scheduling (AMC), on one hand, and the schedulability analysis for multiframe task systems on the other. Our proposed worst-case response time (WCRT) analysis for multiframe mixed-criticality systems is considerably less pessimistic than applying the SMC, AMC-rtb and AMC-max tests obliviously to the WCET variation patterns. Experimental evaluation with synthetic task sets demonstrates up to 63.8% higher scheduling success ratio (in absolute terms) compared to the best of the frame-oblivious tests.

Raja Rao is beyond doubt one of the most prominent Indian novelists writing in English. He has laid a strong foundation to Indian English Novel together with Mulk Raj Anand and R. K. Narayan. Raja Rao, in particular, has been very instrumental in the development of Indian English Novel. His novels are replete with Indian sensibility characterized by his unique style and subject matter. His first and best known novel Kanthapura is a remarkable expression of the Indian sensibility. The novel is Indian both in theme and treatment. Acceptance of an Indian way of writing in English and Indianization of the novel as a form of literature is what makes Raja Rao postcolonial in style.1The paper attempts a postcolonial reading of Kanthapura focusing on Raja Rao's style characterized by Indian sensibility and Indianness. Ishfaq Hussain Bhat "Kanthapura as a Postcolonial Text: Treatment of Indian Sensibility in Kanthapura" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd6981.pdf

Objective; To determine the frequency of microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy. Methodology:- This descriptive study was carried out in the Out Patient Department Nishtar Hospital Multan from June 2017 to December 2018. Sample size of 296 was calculated according to formula. Results:- Of these 300 study cases, 179 (59.7%) were male while 121 (40.3%) were female patients. Mean age of our study cases was 52.10 ± 5.65 years (with minimum age was 42 years while maximum age was 60 years). Majority of our study cases had low educational level such as illiterate i.e. 60 (20%), primary education in 71 (23.7%) secondary education53% while only 3 % had bachelors degree or above. Mean duration of diabetes was 14.18 ± 2.73 years (with minimum duration of disease 10 years and 19 years was maximum duration of the disease). Among these patients Grade III diabetic retinopathy was more prevalent i.e. 149 (49.7%) followed by grade IV retinopathy i.e. 100 (33.3%) and grade11 retinopathy (17%). Diabetes was controlled (HbA1c30kg/m2) was present in 101 (33.7%) of our study cases. Microalbuminuria was present in 121(40.3% of our study cases. Conclusion:- Very high frequency of microalbuminuria was noted in patients with diabetic retinopathy in our study. &nbsp

Background; Warts are common epidermal growths caused by human papillomavirus that often cause significant discomfort and embarrassment. Current treatment options include topical therapies, cryotherapy, laser vaporization, and surgical excision. Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral zinc sulphate versus topical application of salicylic acid (16.7%) & lactic acid (16.7%) combination in the treatment of plantar warts. Material and Methods; Group A, having 78 patients, was given oral zinc sulphate (10 mg/kg/day) in 2 or 3 divided doses. In group B, 78 patients were advised to apply a combination of salicylic (16.7%) & lactic acid (16.7%) once at night daily. In group A, using oral zinc sulphate, the treatment was given for two months and follow up continued for next 1 month. In group B, the topical preparation was also continued for 2 months or till the complete removal of warts. Results; Of these 156 study cases, 94 (60.3 %) were male patients while 62 (39.7 %) were female patients. Mean age of our study cases was 34.42 ± 9.87 years. Monthly family income up to Rs. 30000 was noted in 68 (43.6%) while 88 (56.4%) had monthly family income more than Rs. 30000. Mean weight of our study cases was 61.96 ± 10.29 kilograms. Mean height of our study cases 161.24 ± 12.23 centimeters. Mean BMI of our study cases was 26.52± 1.87 kg/m2 and obesity was present in 31 (19.9%) of our study cases. Mean no. of lesions was noted to be 5.30 ± 2.45 lesions (with minimum no. of lesions was 4 and maximum no. of lesions was 10) and 131 (84%) had up to 5 lesions. Mean duration of disease was 4.69 ± 1.61 months and 112 (71.8 %) had disease duration up to 6 months. Efficacy was noted in 110 (70.5 %). Efficacy in group A was noted to be 83.3 % and in group B was 57.7 % (p= 0.001). Conclusion; Our study results support the use of oral Zinc Sulphate in the treatment of plantar warts as compared to the salicylic acid (16.7%) and lactic acid (16.7%) combination. Efficacy of Zinc Sulphate was significantly higher when compared with combination therapy and it was found to be safe and reliable mode of treatment having no side effects were observed in our study. Use of Zinc Sulphate can help to reduce chance of recurrence and disease morbidity. Being cost effective, it provides cheaper mode of treatment as compared with cryotherapy which is quite expensive which will provide economic relief to our large poor population. Early treatment can help patients to maintain routine daily lives and physical activities such as sports without any pain and side effects

The well-known model of Vestal aims to avoid excessive pessimism in the quantification of the processing requirements of mixed-criticality systems, while still guaranteeing the timeliness of higher-criticality functions. This can bring important savings in system costs, and indirectly help meet size, weight and power constraints. This efficiency is promoted via the use of multiple worst-case execution time (WCET) estimates for the same task, with each such estimate characterized by a confidence associated with a different criticality level. However, even this approach can be very pessimistic when the WCET of successive instances of the same task can vary greatly according to a known pattern, as in MP3 and MPEG codecs or the processing of ADVB video streams. In this paper, we present a schedulability analysis for the new multiframe mixed-criticality model, which allows tasks to have multiple, periodically repeating, WCETs in the same mode of operation. Our work extends both the analysis techniques for Static Mixed-Criticality scheduling (SMC) and Adaptive Mixed-Criticality scheduling (AMC), on one hand, and the schedulability analysis for multiframe task systems on the other. A constrained-deadline model is initially targeted, and then extended to the more general, but also more complex, arbitrary-deadline scenario. The corresponding optimal priority assignment for our schedulability analysis is also identified. Our proposed worst-case response time (WCRT) analysis for multiframe mixed-criticality systems is considerably less pessimistic than applying the static and adaptive mixed-criticality scheduling tests oblivious to the WCET variation patterns. Experimental evaluation with synthetic task sets demonstrates up to 20% and 31.4% higher scheduling success ratio (in absolute terms) for constrained-deadline analyses and arbitrary-deadline analyses, respectively, when compared to the best of their corresponding frame-oblivious tests.

Recently, the Internet has been utilized by many applications to convey time-sensitive messages. The persistently expanding Internet coverage and its easy accessibility have offered to ascend to a problem which was once regarded as not essential to contemplate. Nowadays, the Internet has been utilized by many applications to convey time-sensitive messages. Wireless access points have widely been used but these access points have limitations regarding area coverage. So for covering a wider space, various access points need to be introduced. Therefore, when the user moves to some other place, the devices expected to switch between access points. Packet loss amid the handovers is a trivial issue. MediaSense is an Internet of Things distributed architecture enabling the development of the IoT application faster. It deals with this trivial handover issue by utilizing a protocol called Distributed Context eXchange Protocol. However, this protocol is centralized in nature and also suffers in a scenario when both sender and receiver address change simultaneously. This paper presents a mechanism to deal with this scenario and presents a distributed solution to deal with this issue within the MediaSense platform. The proposed protocol improves dissemination using retransmission mechanism to diminish packet loss. The proposed protocol has been delineated with a proof of concept chat application and the outcomes have indicated a significant improvement in terms of packet loss.

Francis Bacon 1561 1626 , the father of English essay, is a central figure in the entire history of English literature in general and in prose of the Jacobean period in particular. Bacon's essays are the expression of a life time of experience in the world of men and affairs and as such present valuable advice to the readers characterized by terseness and brevity. His pithy statements in the essays are not confined to the people of the period that he lived in but are still valid and, therefore, have a universal application. The aim of this paper is to explore Bacon's essays from moral perspective in order to highlight the valuable advice that Bacon gives to mankind in general and to his readers in particular for the purpose of cultivating moral or virtuous character. Ishfaq Hussain Bhat "Essays of Francis Bacon: A Moral Perspective" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5912.pdf

The introduction of the space object conjunction method in electromagnetic compatibility modeling and simulation is quite a novel concept. It is useful for the stochastic analysis of an electromagnetic (EM) environment which is based on the probability of conjunction assessment. The space conjunction methodology is anticipated as the frontline defense for the protection of active satellites in space. EM congestion occurs in an environment with the increase in the number of operational EM devices. In a theoretical sense, this congestion is analogous to the space conjunction. Therefore, the space conjunction model can be applied in the EM scenarios. In this paper, we have investigated the application of the defined conjunction model by using the analytical expression of the probability of electromagnetic conjunction, which is based on the orbital parameters of the system under test. Additionally, we have elaborated the influence of these orbital parameters on the probability of conjunction. The simulations have been performed by considering different EM scenarios and the results are validated by using Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that errors in the analytical and Monte Carlo simulations are within a 1% range, which makes the analytical model effective. Computationally, the proposed analytical model is cost effective as compared to the numerical method, i.e., Monte Carlo. Moreover, from the results, it has been validated that the probability of conjunction increases with the increase in transmitted power and decreases with the compatible threshold limit of the receiving system, thus, making this method useful for analyzing the electromagnetic environment and as a frontline safety tool for electromagnetic systems.

Concurrent visceral linguatulosis and paratuberculosis was diagnosed in five Alpine Cross goats (Capra hircus). Severe, gross and histopathological changes wereobserved, with the occurrence of multibacillary paratuberculosis and parasite-induced damage. The PCR-based technique was employed, using IS 900, to confirm paratuberculosis, and light, stereo- and scanning electron-microscopy were carried out to study the third-instar larvae of Linguatula serrata, Frohlich, 1789. The morphological changes were mainly in the intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes and paratuberculosis-associated lesions were principally of a diffuse multibacillary type, with a severe granulomatous reaction, consisting of macrophages laden with large numbers of acid-fast bacilli and variously sized cyst-like spaces in the lymph nodes, histologically associated with the moth-eaten appearance of the parenchyma. Severely oedematous and haemorrhagic lymph nodes, having areas of calcification with profuse numbers of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), seemed to be characteristic of the concurrent occurrences of the diseases. The present investigation suggests that the parasite, being lymphovorous, might predispose to the multibacillary form of paratuberculosis., Istovremena pojava visceralne lingvatuloze i paratuberkuloze dijagnosticirana je u pet križanih alpskih koza (Capra hircus). Patomorfološki i patohistološki ustanovljena je multibacilarna paratuberkuloza i promjene uzrokovane parazitima. Paratuberkuloza je dokazana lančanom reakcijom polimerazom upotrebom IS 900. Metode svjetlosne mikroskopije, stereoelektronske mikroskopije i skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije rabljene su pri determinaciji ličinki trećeg stupnja petoustaša Linguatula serrata, Frohlich, 1789. Morfološke promjene pretežito su bile dokazane u crijevima i mezenterijskim limfnim čvorovima. Oštećenja uzrokovana paratuberkulozom bila su uglavnom difuznog multibacilarnoga tipa s jakom granulomatoznom reakcijom koja se očitovala pojavom mnoštva makrofaga, velikim brojem acidorezistentnih štapića, promjenama različite veličine sličnima cistama u limfnim čvorovima te nekrotičnim praznim područjima u parenhimu. Izrazito edematozni i hemoragični limfni čvorovi s kalcificiranim područjima i velikim brojem mikroba Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) osnovna su značajka istodobne pojave ovih dviju bolesti. Istraživanje upućuje na zaključak da je limfovorni parazit Linguatula serrata predisponirajući čimbenik za pojavu multibacilarne paratubekuloze.

Modern multicore architectures comprise a large set of components and parameters that require being matched to achieve the best balance between power consumption and throughput performance for a particular application domain. The exploration of design space for finding the best power–throughput trade-off is a combinatorial optimization problem with a large number of combinations, and. in general, its solution is prohibitively difficult to be explored exhaustively. However, fortunately, evolutionary algorithms EAs have the potential to efficiently solve this problem with reasonable computational complexity. In this paper, we consider a multiobjective design space exploration DSE problem with two conflicting objectives. The first objective corresponds to power consumption minimization while the second objective relates to throughput maximization. We approach this problem by employing the estimation of distribution algorithm EDA , which belongs to the family of EAs. The proposed EDA-based DSE EDA-DSE scheme efficiently selects the design parameters i.e. cache size, number of cores, and operating frequency with an efficient power–throughput ratio. The proposed scheme is verified using cycle-accurate simulations over a set of benchmarks and the simulation results show a significant reduction in energy-delay product for all benchmark applications when compared to the default baseline configuration and genetic algorithm.