Descriptor: "ITER-Like Wall" / Search Limiters: Full Text - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"ITER-Like Wall"' showing total 192 results

Start Over Descriptor "ITER-Like Wall" Search Limiters Full Text

192 results on '"ITER-Like Wall"'

1. Deuterium and beryllium depth profiles into the W-coated JET divertor tiles after ITER-like wall campaigns

Author: C. Ruset, E. Grigore, M. Mayer, F. Baiasu, C. Porosnicu, S. Krat, A. Widdowson, J. Likonen, M. Analytis, and R. Meihsner
Subjects: Tungsten coatings, Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry, Beryllium deposition, Deuterium retention, ITER-like Wall, JET, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: A number of 35 samples cored from JET divertor tiles exposed to JET plasmas in ILW1 (ITER Like Wall – first campaign), ILW2, ILW1 + ILW2 and ILW3 campaigns were analyzed using the Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry (GDOES) technique. The depth profiles of the elements contained in the surface layer of the tiles (W, Mo, Be, C, O and D) have been quantitatively determined up to a depth of 30–60 μm.The upper zone of Tile 3 (the lower vertical zone of the inner divertor) seems to be an erosion zone as it was demonstrated with a Mo marker layer in the ILW1 campaign. By increasing the input energy in the following campaigns this erosion did not increase, but it almost disappeared, probably due to significant amounts of Be that were transported from the main chamber and deposited on that area. The Be concentration increased in the upper zone of Tile3 in ILW2 and ILW3 by a factor of about 5 in comparison with the ILW1 campaign. It looks like the Be layer protects the tile surface from erosion.Depending on the amount of Be deposited on specific areas of the W-coated CFC (Carbon Fiber Composite) tiles, two mechanisms of D retention were identified. If the peak concentration of Be is less than ∼4.5 at.% D is mainly trapped into the defects of the W/Mo structure including W/Mo and Mo/C interfaces. When the peak concentration of Be exceeds ∼4.5 at.%, D is mainly retained in the Be deposits. The GDOES results were correlated with SEM analyses performed on the GDOES crater flanks and with the TDS (Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy), results obtained with the same samples after GDOES analyses. They are in good agreement with the corresponding results obtained by other authors using NRA (Nuclear Reaction Analysis), SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) and TDS.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Tritium retention in plasma facing materials of JET ITER-Like-Wall retrieved from the vacuum vessel in 2012 (ILW1), 2014 (ILW2) and 2016 (ILW3)

Author: E. Pajuste, G. Kizane, L. Avotina, A. Vitins, and A.S. Teimane
Subjects: Tritium, Beryllium, ITER-Like Wall, Joint European Torus, Fuel retention, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) project has been carried out at Joint European Torus (JET) to test plasma facing materials relevant to International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor – ITER [1]. Limiters and an upper dump plate of the vacuum vessel are made of bulk beryllium tiles, whereas for the divertor bulk tungsten and tungsten-coated carbon fibre (CFC) composite tiles are used.During the shutdowns in ILW1 (2012), ILW2 (2014) and ILW3 (2016), selected beryllium tiles were removed from the vacuum vessel. In this study, tiles from three positions were analysed, and analysis results were compared regarding both the tile position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during the respective three ILW campaigns: ILW1, ILW2, ILW3. Tritium results have been compared to deuterium data published by other authors [2,3].Tritium measurements were performed by two methods - thermal desorption spectroscopy and beryllium chemical etching. Prior to tritium measurements, scanning electron microscopy was used to study structure of the plasma-facing surfaces.Experimental results revealed that tritium content in beryllium samples over all three campaigns is in range of 1.0·1010 to 9.7·1013 tritium atoms per square centimetre of the plasma-facing surface area (atoms/cm2). Highest tritium content was found in the samples from outer wall of the vacuum vessel - up to 4.0·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW1, 4.2·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW2 and 9.7·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW3. Whereas, the lowest - in the upper part of the vacuum vessel: 5.1·1012, 2.8·1012 and 1.0·1010 atoms/cm2 in ILW1, ILW2 and ILW3, respectively. In contrary to the deuterium, in the outer wall tile higher tritium concentrations were found in the central part of the tiles where plasma induced erosion had occurred according to the SEM analysis data. Difference between tritium content in the central part and side part of tile could reach a magnitude of an order - for example, 9.7·1013 and 6.9·1012 atoms/cm2 in the outer wall tile from the ILW3 campaign. Results obtained within this study give possibility to assess tritium retention mechanism and make estimates of its possible inventory in larger machines such as ITER.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Retention of noble and rare isotope gases in plasma-facing components-Experience from the JET tokamak with the ITER-like wall

Author: Dittrich, Laura, Petersson, Per, Moon, Sunwoo, Rubel, Marek, Tran, Tuan Thien, Widdowson, Anna, Contribuors, J E T, Dittrich, Laura, Petersson, Per, Moon, Sunwoo, Rubel, Marek, Tran, Tuan Thien, Widdowson, Anna, and Contribuors, J E T
Abstract: Plasma edge cooling, ion cyclotron wall conditioning and disruption mitigation techniques involve massive gas injection (by puffs or pellets) to the torus. A certain fraction remains in plasma-facing components (PFC) due to co-deposition and implantation. An uncontrolled release/desorption of such retained species affects the stability of plasma operation. The aim of this work was to determine the lateral and depth distribution of noble (3He, 4He, Ne, Ar), seeded (N2, Ne, Ar) and tracer gases (15N, 18O) in PFC retrieved from the JET tokamak with the ITER-Like Wall (JET-ILW) after three experimental campaigns (ILW-1, ILW-2, ILW-3). Results regarding the retention of those gases are shown as well as a comparison to the deuterium retention in the studied areas. Heavy ion elastic recoil detection analysis was used, being the only technique capable of detection and quantitative assessment of all elements, especially low-Z isotopes. Helium was found on the divertor Tile 5, locally up to 44.1015 3He cm-2 and 12.1015 4He cm-2, and on the limiters as well. Neon was found in two positions on the limiters, with up to 10.1015 Ne cm-2 and the 15N tracer on Be limiters exposed to ILW-3. A correlation of N retention with the N seeding rates for each campaign has also been found.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Analysis of the outer divertor hot spot activity in the protection video camera recordings at JET.

Author: Drenik, A., Brezinsek, S., Carvalho, P., Huber, V., Osterman, N., Matthews, G.F., and Nemec, M.
Subjects: *VIDEO recording, *FUSION reactor divertors, *PLASMA-wall interactions, *SURFACE temperature, *IMAGE processing
Abstract: Abstract Hot spots on the divertor tiles at JET result in overestimation of the tile surface temperature which causes unnecessary termination of pulses. However, the appearance of hot spots can also indicate the condition of the divertor tile surfaces. To analyse the behaviour of the hot spots in the outer divertor tiles of JET, a simple image processing algorithm is developed. The algorithm isolates areas of bright pixels in the camera image and compares them to previously identified hot spots. The activity of the hot spots is then linked to values of other signals and parameters in the same time intervals. The operation of the detection algorithm was studied in a limited pulse range with high hot spot activity on the divertor tiles 5, 6 and 7. This allowed us to optimise the values of the controlling parameters. Then, the wider applicability of the method has been demonstrated by the analysis of the hot spot behaviour in a whole experimental campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Dust generation in tokamaks: Overview of beryllium and tungsten dust characterisation in JET with the ITER-like wall.

Author: Rubel, M., Widdowson, A., Grzonka, J., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Moon, Sunwoo, Petersson, P., Ashikawa, N., Asakura, N., Hamaguchi, D., Hatano, Y., Isobe, K., Masuzaki, S., Kurotaki, H., Oya, Y., Oyaidzu, M., and Tokitani, M.
Subjects: *TOKAMAKS, *BERYLLIUM, *TUNGSTEN, *PLASMA gases, *FUSION reactor divertors, *LIQUID scintillators, *THERMAL desorption
Abstract: Abstract Operation of the JET tokamak with beryllium and tungsten ITER-like wall provides unique opportunity for detailed studies on dust generation: quantity, morphology, location, etc. The programme carried out in response to ITER needs for safety assessment comprises: (i) remotely controlled vacuum cleaning of the divertor; (ii) local sampling of loosely bound matter from plasma-facing components (PFC); (iii) collection of mobilized dust on various erosion-deposition probes located in the divertor and in the main chamber. Results of comprehensive analyses performed by a number of complementary techniques, e.g. a range of microscopy methods, electron and ion spectroscopy, liquid scintillography and thermal desorption, are summarized by following points: (a) Total amount of dust collected by vacuum cleaning after three campaigns is about 1–1.4 g per campaign (19.1–23.5 h plasma operation), i.e. over 100 times smaller than in JET operated with carbon walls (i.e. in JET-C). (b) Two major categories of Be dust are identified: flakes of co-deposits formed on PFC and droplets (2–10 μm in diameter). Small quantifies, below 1 g, of Be droplets and splashes are associated mainly with melting of beryllium limiters. (c) Tungsten dust occurs mainly as partly molten flakes originating from the W-coated tiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. An overview of tritium retention in dust particles from the JET-ILW divertor

Author: Otsuka, T., Masuzaki, S., Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y., Hatano, Y., Tokitani, M., Oya, Y., Asakura, N., Hayashi, T., Tanigawa, H., Iwai, Y., Widdowson, A., Rubel, Marek, Otsuka, T., Masuzaki, S., Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y., Hatano, Y., Tokitani, M., Oya, Y., Asakura, N., Hayashi, T., Tanigawa, H., Iwai, Y., Widdowson, A., and Rubel, Marek
Abstract: Tritium (T) retention characteristics in dust collected from the divertor in JET with ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) after the third campaign in 2015-2016 (ILW-3) have been examined in individual dust particles by combining radiography (tritium imaging plate technique) and electron probe micro-analysis. The results are summarized and compared with the data obtained after the first campaign in 2011-2012 (ILW-1). The dominant component in ILW-1 dust was carbon, QC 20220308
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. The emissivity of W coatings deposited on carbon materials for fusion applications.

Author: Ruset, C., Falie, D., Grigore, E., Gherendi, M., Zoita, V., Zastrow, K.-D., Matthews, G., Courtois, X., Bucalossi, J., and Likonen, J.
Subjects: *TUNGSTEN, *METAL coating, *NUCLEAR fusion, *CARBON fibers, *COMPOSITE materials, *GRAPHITE
Abstract: Tungsten coatings deposited on carbon materials such as carbon fiber composite (CFC) or fine grain graphite are currently used in fusion devices as amour for plasma facing components (PFC). More than 4000 carbon tiles were W-coated by Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation technology for the ITER-like Wall at JET, ASDEX Upgrade and WEST tokamaks. The emissivity of W coatings is a key parameter required by protection systems of the W-coated PFC and also by the diagnostic tools in order to get correct values of temperature and heat loading. The emissivity of tungsten is rather well known, but the literature data refer to bulk tungsten or tungsten foils and not to coatings deposited on carbon materials. The emissivity was measured at the wavelengths of 1.064 μm, 1.75 μm, 3.75 μm and 4.0 μm. It was found that the structure of the substrate has a significant influence on the emissivity values. The temperature dependence of the emissivity in the range of 400 °C–1200 °C and the influence of the viewing angle were investigated as well. The results are given in a table for W coatings and for other materials of interest for fusion such as bulk W and bulk Be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Determination of retained tritium from ILW dust particles in JET

Author: Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y, Asakura, N, Otsuka, T, Widdowson, A, Rubel, M, Oyaizu, M, Hara, M, MASUZAKI, S., Isobe, K, Hatano, Y, Heinola, K, Baron-Wiechec, A, Jachmich, S, Hayashi, T, JET, Contributors, Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y, Asakura, N, Otsuka, T, Widdowson, A, Rubel, M, Oyaizu, M, Hara, M, MASUZAKI, S., Isobe, K, Hatano, Y, Heinola, K, Baron-Wiechec, A, Jachmich, S, Hayashi, T, and JET, Contributors
Abstract: Quantitative tritium inventory in dust particles from campaigns in the JET tokamak with the carbon wall (2007–2009) and the ITER-like wall (ILW 2011–2012) were determined by the liquid scintillation counter and the full combustion method. A feature of this full combustion method is that dust particles were covered by a tin (Sn) which reached 2100 K during combustion under oxygen flow. The specific tritium inventory for samples from JET with carbon and with metal walls was measured and found to be similar. However, the total tritium inventory in dust particles from the ILW experiment was significantly smaller in comparison to the carbon wall due to the lower amount of dust particles generated in the presence of metal walls., source:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.100673
Published: 2021

9. The structure of the tungsten coatings deposited by Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation for nuclear fusion applications.

Author: Grigore, E., Ruset, C., Rasinski, M., Gherendi, M., and Matthews, G.F.
Subjects: *MAGNETRON sputtering, *TUNGSTEN, *COATING processes, *NUCLEAR fusion, *THERMAL fatigue
Abstract: Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation (CMSII) technology was used for W coating of about 1800 CFC tiles for ITER-like Wall (ILW) at JET and more than 1300 fine grain graphite tiles for ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. Thermal fatigue and carbidization due to the diffusion of the carbon from the substrate were found as main phenomena limiting the service lifetime of the W coatings. Detailed investigation of these coatings using SEM and STEM (scanning transmission electron microscopy) together with the FIB (focused ion beam) cutting technique revealed two fine networks of nano-pores with the size of 10–20 nm for zones of 250–350 nm at CFC-Mo and Mo-W interfaces. Formation of these nano-pores is associated with the energy of the ions striking the coating during the deposition process. By optimizing this energy the nano-pores disappeared. The structure and the performances of the W coatings produced by the new modified technology (CMSII-M) were compared with those deposited by standard benchmark technology. The HHF (high heat flux) tests carried out with an electron beam at a temperature of 1450 °C indicated a decrease of the defects affected area by a factor of about 1.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Tritium retention in plasma facing materials of JET ITER-Like-Wall retrieved from the vacuum vessel in 2012 (ILW1), 2014 (ILW2) and 2016 (ILW3)

Author: L. Avotina, A. Vitins, A.S. Teimane, E. Pajuste, and Gunta Kizane
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, ITER-Like Wall, Materials science, Thermonuclear fusion, Fuel retention, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Nuclear engineering, Joint European Torus, chemistry.chemical_element, Tungsten, Tritium, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0103 physical sciences, 010302 applied physics, Divertor, TK9001-9401, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Deuterium, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Tile, Beryllium
Abstract: ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) project has been carried out at Joint European Torus (JET) to test plasma facing materials relevant to International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor – ITER [1]. Limiters and an upper dump plate of the vacuum vessel are made of bulk beryllium tiles, whereas for the divertor bulk tungsten and tungsten-coated carbon fibre (CFC) composite tiles are used. During the shutdowns in ILW1 (2012), ILW2 (2014) and ILW3 (2016), selected beryllium tiles were removed from the vacuum vessel. In this study, tiles from three positions were analysed, and analysis results were compared regarding both the tile position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during the respective three ILW campaigns: ILW1, ILW2, ILW3. Tritium results have been compared to deuterium data published by other authors [2,3]. Tritium measurements were performed by two methods - thermal desorption spectroscopy and beryllium chemical etching. Prior to tritium measurements, scanning electron microscopy was used to study structure of the plasma-facing surfaces. Experimental results revealed that tritium content in beryllium samples over all three campaigns is in range of 1.0·1010 to 9.7·1013 tritium atoms per square centimetre of the plasma-facing surface area (atoms/cm2). Highest tritium content was found in the samples from outer wall of the vacuum vessel - up to 4.0·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW1, 4.2·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW2 and 9.7·1013 atoms/cm2 in ILW3. Whereas, the lowest - in the upper part of the vacuum vessel: 5.1·1012, 2.8·1012 and 1.0·1010 atoms/cm2 in ILW1, ILW2 and ILW3, respectively. In contrary to the deuterium, in the outer wall tile higher tritium concentrations were found in the central part of the tiles where plasma induced erosion had occurred according to the SEM analysis data. Difference between tritium content in the central part and side part of tile could reach a magnitude of an order - for example, 9.7·1013 and 6.9·1012 atoms/cm2 in the outer wall tile from the ILW3 campaign. Results obtained within this study give possibility to assess tritium retention mechanism and make estimates of its possible inventory in larger machines such as ITER.
Published: 2021

11. Invited Review

Author: Elżbieta Fortuna-Zaleśna, Bastiaan J. Braams, Daisuke Nishijima, Thomas Schwarz-Selinger, R.P. Doerner, Marek Rubel, E. Safi, Dmitriy Borodin, Kalle Heinola, Christian Linsmeier, Kai Nordlund, Anna Widdowson, Christian Hill, Michael Probst, Hyun-Kyung Chung, Gregory De Temmerman, Juri Romazanov, S. Brezinsek, Institut des Hautes Etudes pour l’Innovation et l’Entrepreneuriat (IHEIE) (IHEIE), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Center for Energy Research [La Jolla], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Warsaw University of Technology [Warsaw], Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Culham Science Centre [Abingdon], Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, European Project, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam (CWI), The Netherlands, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, University of California-University of California, University of Helsinki, University of Innsbruck, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki Institute of Urban and Regional Studies (Urbaria), and Doctoral Programme in Materials Research and Nanosciences
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, JET-ILW, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Nuclear engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 114 Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, ISOTOPE RETENTION, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], NEUTRON-IRRADIATED BERYLLIUM, 0103 physical sciences, Plasma-facing material, 010306 general physics, Erosion-deposition, Erosion–deposition, [PHYS]Physics [physics], DEUTERIUM RETENTION, TK9001-9401, CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS, Dust, Plasma, Research needs, respiratory tract diseases, ION-BEAM ANALYSIS, ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Hydrogen fuel, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, TRITIUM RELEASE, Erosion, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Environmental science, ITER-LIKE WALL, Critical assessment, Beryllium, BE-9(P,ALPHA(0))LI-6 CROSS-SECTIONS, Literature survey, Controlled fusion, ddc:624
Abstract: International audience; ITER will use beryllium as a plasma-facing material in the main chamber, covering a total surface area of about 620 m. Given the importance of beryllium erosion and co-deposition for tritium retention in ITER, significant efforts have been made to understand the behaviour of beryllium under fusion-relevant conditions with high particle and heat loads. This paper provides a comprehensive report on the state of knowledge of beryllium behaviour under fusion-relevant conditions: the erosion mechanisms and their consequences, beryllium migration in JET, fuel retention and dust generation. The paper reviews basic laboratory studies, advanced computer simulations and experience from laboratory plasma experiments in linear simulators of plasma–wall interactions and in controlled fusion devices using beryllium plasma-facing components. A critical assessment of analytical methods and simulation codes used in beryllium studies is given. The overall objective is to review the existing set of data with a broad literature survey and to identify gaps and research needs to broaden the database for ITER.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Tritium distribution analysis of Be limiter tiles from JET-ITER like wall campaigns using imaging plate technique and β-ray induced X-ray spectrometry

Author: Makoto Oyaizu, H. Kurotaki, Yuji Hatano, Haruto Nakamura, Masayuki Tokitani, Suguru Masuzaki, Masanori Hara, Yasuhisa Oya, S. Jachmich, S. E. Lee, Nobuyuki Asakura, K. Helariutta, Marek Rubel, D. Hamaguchi, Anna Widdowson, J. Likonen, Materials Physics, Tracers in Molecular Imaging (TRIM), and Department of Chemistry
Subjects: Materials science, Tokamak, Joint European Torus, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Tritium analysis, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, 114 Physical sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Limiter, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, Civil and Structural Engineering, Ion beam analysis, ITER-like wall, Mechanical Engineering, X-ray, Radiography, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Deuterium, Beryllium
Abstract: Tritium (T) distribution on the plasma-facing surfaces (PFSs) and inside castellation of Be limiter tiles from the JET tokamak with the ITER-like wall (ILW) was analyzed using imaging plate (IP) technique and β-ray induced X-ray spectrometry (BIXS). Regarding to PFSs, the outer poloidal limiter (OPL) showed significantly higher T concentrations than the inner wall guard limiter (IWGL) and upper dump plate (DP). The concentration of T on OPL was high at the central part. However, deuterium (D) and metallic impurities showed maximum concentration at the edges. This difference in distributions indicated different deposition and retention mechanisms between T and D. In contrast, deposition profiles of T concentrations on the castellated surfaces extended up to ∼ 5 mm into the gap, i.e. were similar to those of D and metallic impurities found by ion beam analysis.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Tritium distribution analysis of Be limiter tiles from JET-ITER like wall campaigns using imaging plate technique and β-ray induced X-ray spectrometry

Author: Lee, S. E., Hatano, Y., Hara, M., Masuzaki, S., Tokitani, M., Oyaizu, M., Kurotaki, H., Hamaguchi, D., Nakamura, H., Asakura, N., Oya, Y., Likonen, J., Widdowson, A., Jachmich, S., Helariutta, K., Rubel, Marek, Lee, S. E., Hatano, Y., Hara, M., Masuzaki, S., Tokitani, M., Oyaizu, M., Kurotaki, H., Hamaguchi, D., Nakamura, H., Asakura, N., Oya, Y., Likonen, J., Widdowson, A., Jachmich, S., Helariutta, K., and Rubel, Marek
Abstract: Tritium (T) distribution on the plasma-facing surfaces (PFSs) and inside castellation of Be limiter tiles from the JET tokamak with the ITER-like wall (ILW) was analyzed using imaging plate (IP) technique and β-ray induced X-ray spectrometry (BIXS). Regarding to PFSs, the outer poloidal limiter (OPL) showed significantly higher T concentrations than the inner wall guard limiter (IWGL) and upper dump plate (DP). The concentration of T on OPL was high at the central part. However, deuterium (D) and metallic impurities showed maximum concentration at the edges. This difference in distributions indicated different deposition and retention mechanisms between T and D. In contrast, deposition profiles of T concentrations on the castellated surfaces extended up to ∼ 5 mm into the gap, i.e. were similar to those of D and metallic impurities found by ion beam analysis., QC 20201221
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Determination of retained tritium from ILW dust particles in JET

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica. EURATOM. U.E., Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y., Asakura, N., Otsuka, T., Widdowson, A., Rubel, M., Hayashi, T., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, Viezzer, Eleonora, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica. EURATOM. U.E., Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y., Asakura, N., Otsuka, T., Widdowson, A., Rubel, M., Hayashi, T., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, and Viezzer, Eleonora
Abstract: Quantitative tritium inventory in dust particles from campaigns in the JET tokamak with the carbon wall (2007–2009) and the ITER-like wall (ILW 2011–2012) were determined by the liquid scintillation counter and the full combustion method. A feature of this full combustion method is that dust particles were covered by a tin (Sn) which reached 2100 K during combustion under oxygen flow. The specific tritium inventory for samples from JET with carbon and with metal walls was measured and found to be similar. However, the total tritium inventory in dust particles from the ILW experiment was significantly smaller in comparison to the carbon wall due to the lower amount of dust particles generated in the presence of metal walls.
Published: 2020

15. The JET real-time plasma-wall load monitoring system.

Author: Valcárcel, D.F., Alves, D., Card, P., Carvalho, B.B., Devaux, S., Felton, R., Goodyear, A., Lomas, P.J., Maviglia, F., McCullen, P., Reux, C., Rimini, F., Stephen, A., Zabeo, L., and Zastrow, K-D.
Subjects: *REAL-time computing, *PLASMA-wall interactions, *MECHANICAL loads, *SYSTEMS theory, *SYSTEMS design
Abstract: Highlights: [•] The paper describes the JET real-time system monitoring the first-wall plasma loads. [•] It presents the motivation, physics basis, design and implementation of the system. [•] It also presents the integration in the JET CODAS. [•] Operational results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Plasma position and current control system enhancements for the JET ITER-like wall.

Author: De Tommasi, G., Maviglia, F., Neto, A.C., Lomas, P.J., McCullen, P., and Rimini, F.G.
Subjects: *PLASMA confinement devices, *ELECTRIC currents, *CONTROL theory (Engineering), *SYSTEMS theory, *PERTURBATION theory
Abstract: Highlights: [•] JET plasma position and current control system enhanced for the JET ITER like wall. [•] Vertical stabilization system enhanced to speed up its response and to withstand larger perturbations. [•] Improved termination management system. [•] Implementation of the current limit avoidance system. [•] Implementation of PFX-on-early-task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Power handling of the bulk tungsten divertor row at JET: First measurements and comparison to the GTM thermal model.

Author: Mertens, Ph., Coenen, J.W., Devaux, S., Jachmich, S., Balboa, I., Matthews, G.F., Riccardo, V., Sieglin, B., Tanchuk, V., Terra, A., Thompson, V., and Samm, U.
Subjects: *TUNGSTEN, *FUSION reactor divertors, *JETS (Fluid dynamics), *COMPARATIVE studies, *THERMAL analysis, *MATHEMATICAL models, *TEMPERATURE effect
Abstract: Highlights: [•] Experiments related to the design of bulk tungsten divertor tiles for JET were performed along with extensive modelling. [•] Temperatures measured in the torus are in good agreement with the model. Some characteristic times show stronger deviations. [•] Those deviations have no incidence on the highest temperatures reached. [•] The experimental behaviour of the bulk W tiles is close to design values in a wide range of operational parameters. [•] The conclusions apply up to deposited energy densities around 30MJ/m2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. The impact of thermal fatigue and carbidization on the W coatings deposited on CFC tiles for the ITER-like Wall project at JET.

Author: Ruset, C., Grigore, E., Falie, D., Gherendi, M., Maier, H., Rasinski, M., Matthews, G.F., and Zoita, V.
Subjects: *THERMAL fatigue, *CARBIDES, *TUNGSTEN, *SURFACE coatings, *HEAT flux, *TILES, *FOCUSED ion beams
Abstract: Since August 2011 JET operates with the ITER-like wall comprising bulk Be tiles, bulk W tiles and W coated CFC tiles with a thickness of 10–15μm and 20–25μm. In order to evaluate behavior of the W coatings to a cyclic thermal loading relevant to JET operation, high heat flux (HHF) tests have been carried out up to 5100 pulses with an electron beam facility at peak temperatures of 1000°C, 1250°C and 1450°C. The pulse duration was 24s. Optical inspections of the W layer performed periodically by interrupting the test revealed small delaminations with the size of 50–500μm. The dependence of the delamination percentage on the number of pulses can be seen as a degradation curve for each particular W coating. In this way the thermo-mechanical properties of the W coatings can be characterized quantitatively. Thermal fatigue and carbidization of the tungsten due to the diffusion of the carbon from the substrate have been recognized as mechanisms for degradation of the coatings. Tungsten carbides have been identified by using TEM (transmission electron microscopy) diffraction analysis on FIB (focused ion beam) prepared cross-section samples subjected to HHF tests. Nano-pores developed at the CFC–Mo and Mo–W interfaces during the tests might be also responsible for the degradation of the coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. A wide angle view imaging diagnostic with all reflective, in-vessel optics at JET.

Author: Clever, M., Arnoux, G., Balshaw, N., Garcia-Sanchez, P., Patel, K., Sergienko, G., Soler, D., Stamp, M.F., Williams, J., and Zastrow, K.-D.
Subjects: *DIAGNOSTIC imaging, *OPTICAL reflection, *CAMERAS, *COMPARATIVE studies, *IMAGE quality analysis, *BEAM splitters
Abstract: Abstract: A new wide angle view camera system has been installed at JET in preparation for the ITER-like wall campaigns. It considerably increases the coverage of the vessel by camera observation systems and thereby helps to protect the – compared to carbon – more fragile plasma facing components from damage. The system comprises an in-vessel part with parabolic and flat mirrors and an ex-vessel part with beam splitters, lenses and cameras. The system delivered the image quality required for plasma monitoring and wall protection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Results of the JET real-time disruption predictor in the ITER-like wall campaigns.

Author: Vega, Jesús, Dormido-Canto, Sebastián, López, Juan M., Murari, Andrea, Ramírez, Jesús M., Moreno, Raúl, Ruiz, Mariano, Alves, Diogo, and Felton, Robert
Subjects: *REAL-time computing, *ELECTRIC discharges, *DATA analysis, *FALSE alarms
Abstract: Highlights: [•] JET real-time disruption predictor with metallic wall 991 discharges analyzed. [•] Predictor training has been carried out with JET C wall data. [•] Success, false alarm and missed alarm rates are 98.4%, 0.9% and 1.6%, respectively. [•] Alarms are triggered in average 426ms before the disruption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Development of W coatings for fusion applications

Author: Ruset, C., Grigore, E., Maier, H., Neu, R., Greuner, H., Mayer, M., and Matthews, G.
Subjects: *TUNGSTEN, *SURFACE coatings, *CARBON fibers, *FIBROUS composites, *CHEMICAL vapor deposition, *GRAPHITE, *PLASMA spraying, *FUSION (Phase transformation)
Abstract: Abstract: The paper gives a short overview on tungsten (W) coatings deposited by various methods on carbon materials (carbon fibre composite – CFC and fine grain graphite – FGG). Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS), Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques are analyzed in respect with the characteristics and performances of the W coatings. A particular attention is paid to the Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation (CMSII) technique, which was developed during the last 4 years from laboratory to industrial scale and it is successfully applied for W coating (10–15μm and 20–25μm) of more than 2500 tiles for the ITER-like Wall project at JET and ASDEX Upgrade. This technique involves simultaneously magnetron sputtering and high energy (tens of keV) ion implantation. Due to the ion bombardment a stress relief occurs within the coating enabling its growth without delamination to a relatively large thickness. In addition, in order to adjust the thermal expansion mismatch between CFC and W, a Mo interlayer of 2–3μm is currently used. Experimentally, W/Mo coatings with a thickness up to 50μm were produced and successfully tested in the GLADIS ion beam facility up to 23MW/m2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. The role of JET for the preparation of the ITER exploitation

Author: Romanelli, Francesco, Laxåback, Martin, Durodié, Frédéric, Horton, Lorne, Lehnen, Michael, Murari, Andrea, Rimini, Fernanda, Sips, George, and Zastrow, Klaus-Dieter
Subjects: *FUSION reactors, *NUCLEAR reactor design & construction, *TOKAMAKS, *ANTENNA arrays, *EXPERIMENTAL design, *FEASIBILITY studies, *ELECTRON cyclotron resonance sources, *QUANTUM perturbations, *MAGNETIC spectrometer
Abstract: Abstract: The JET programme is devoted to the consolidation of ITER design choices and the qualification of ITER integrated regimes of operation. During the experimental campaigns carried out in 2008 and 2009 attention focussed on the test of the ITER-like ICRH antenna, the ITER scenario preparation, the verification of the adequacy of the ITER poloidal field coil design and the test of disruption mitigation methods such as massive gas injection. From 2011 the new ITER-like wall with all beryllium and tungsten plasma facing components, the neutral beam power upgrade and the enhanced control and diagnostic capability will allow key questions on plasma-wall interactions, fuel retention and plasma impurity control with the foreseen ITER wall materials to be addressed. Finally, feasibility studies have confirmed the option of installing an ITER-technology based 170GHz/10MW electron cyclotron resonance heating system for the control of MHD activity and the development of advanced tokamak scenarios, and 32 in-vessel coils for ELM control capable of producing magnetic perturbation spectra with a Chirikov parameter above unity for plasma currents up to 5MA. During the ITER construction phase, JET will be the only device of its class in operation and will therefore play a key role in the preparation of ITER operations – saving time and reducing risk from the ITER programme. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. A bulk tungsten divertor row for the outer strike point in JET

Author: Mertens, Ph., Altmann, H., Hirai, T., Knaup, M., Neubauer, O., Philipps, V., Rapp, J., Riccardo, V., Sadakov, S., Schweer, B., Terra, A., Uytdenhouwen, I., and Samm, U.
Subjects: *TUNGSTEN, *FUSION reactor walls, *PHYSICS projects, *MATERIAL erosion, *ELECTROMAGNETISM, *HIGH temperatures, *PLASMA confinement, *PHYSICS experiments
Abstract: Abstract: In the frame of the ITER-like wall project, a new row of divertor tiles has been developed which consists of 96 bulk tungsten load-bearing septum replacement plates (LB-SRP). Exposed to the outer strike point for most ITER-relevant, high triangularity configurations, they shall be subject to high power loads (locally 10MW/m2 and above). These conditions are demanding, particularly for an inertially cooled design as prescribed. The expected erosion rates are high as well as the risk of melting, especially with transients and repetitive ELM loads. The development is also a real challenge with respect to the inevitable excursions of the tungsten material through the so-called DBTT, ductile-to-brittle transition temperature. A lamella design has been selected to fulfil the requirements with respect to the thermo-mechanical and electromagnetic loads during disruptions (∂T/∂z ≤5×104 K/m vertically, induction rate of change ∂B/∂t ≤100T/s, and I halo ≤18kA/module). Care is taken to act on refractory metals solely with compressive forces to a large extent. The dedicated clamping concept is described. Results of a test exposure to an electron beam around 70MJ/m2 substantiate the resort to ‘high temperature’ materials like – among others – high-grade Nimonic® alloys, molybdenum or ceramic coatings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Conceptual design for a bulk tungsten divertor tile in JET

Author: Mertens, Ph., Hirai, T., Linke, J., Neubauer, O., Pintsuk, G., Philipps, V., Sadakov, S., Samm, U., and Schweer, B.
Subjects: *CHROMIUM group, *TUNGSTEN, *MATERIALS handling, *CONSTRUCTION materials
Abstract: Abstract: The ITER-like Wall project (ILW) for JET aims at providing the plasma chamber of the tokamak with an environment of mixed materials which will be relevant for the actual first wall construction on ITER. Tungsten plays a key role in the divertor cladding. For the central tile, also called LB-SRP for “load-bearing septum replacement plate”, bulk tungsten is envisaged in order to cope with the high heat loads expected (up to 10MW/m2 for 10s). The outer strike-point in the divertor will be positioned on this tile for the most relevant configurations. Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) has developed a conceptual design based on an assembly of tungsten blades or lamellae. An appropriate interface with the base carrier of JET, on which modules of two tiles are positioned and fixed by remote handling procedures, is a substantial part of the integral design. Important issues are the electromagnetic forces and expected temperature distributions. Material choices combine tungsten, TZM™, Inconel® and ceramic parts. The completed design has been finalised in a proposal to the ILW project, with utmost ITER-relevance. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Detailed electromagnetic analysis for design optimization of a tungsten divertor plate for JET

Author: Sadakov, S., Bondarchuk, Ed., Doinikov, N., Hirai, T., Kitaev, B., Kozshukhovskaya, N., Maximova, I., Mertens, Ph., Neubauer, O., and Obidenko, T.
Subjects: *CHROMIUM group, *TUNGSTEN, *MAGNETIC fields, *EDDY currents (Electric)
Abstract: Abstract: The ITER-like Wall Project (ILW) at JET aims at replacing carbon fiber composite (CFC) on plasma-facing surfaces by tungsten and beryllium, which are relevant to the ITER design. The original design of the JET divertor, with CFC tiles, has quite high eddy current-related loads. Tungsten has a much higher electrical conductivity than CFC, and this does not allow a simple replacement of the CFC with solid tungsten in the original design. So-called fishbone- or tree-like shapes, avoiding large loops of eddy currents, have been proposed for the tungsten components and supporting structures. These shapes reduce the eddy current loads drastically and provide well-defined paths for the Halo current. This report describes how the design of the supporting structures is driven by electromagnetic considerations. Analytical and numerical techniques are combined and cross-checked. A study has undertaken for two variable orthogonal magnetic fields, for two cases of Halo current, with three orthogonal background magnetic fields. Then the worst load combinations were identified and used for the calculation of the forces and stresses in fixtures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. The JET programme in support of ITER

Author: Paméla, J., Romanelli, F., Watkins, M.L., Lioure, A., Matthews, G., Philipps, V., Jones, T., Murari, A., Géraud, A., Crisanti, F., and Kamendje, R.
Subjects: *BERYLLIUM, *CHROMIUM group, *ENERGY dissipation, *TUNGSTEN
Abstract: Abstract: The mid-term experimental programme of the JET tokamak exploits its recently enhanced scientific capabilities (e.g., new divertor allowing high-triangularity ITER-relevant scenarios, several new diagnostics) to address critical issues potentially impacting the detailed design of ITER components (e.g., first wall, heating and current drive systems, diagnostics) and, in parallel, further develop ITER-operating scenarios and address specific physics issues of direct relevance to ITER (e.g., transport physics, burning plasma physics). For the longer term, activities on a “JET programme in support of ITER” have been launched, aiming at making optimal use of JET''s unique features: large plasma size and capability to handle beryllium and tritium. A full replacement of the first wall materials is planned (beryllium in the main wall and tungsten in the divertor). This should deliver answers to urgent plasma surface interaction questions, such as tritium retention, and provide operational experience in steady and transient conditions with ITER wall materials under relevant geometry and relevant plasma conditions. In addition, the JET auxiliary heating power will be upgraded to ∼45MW, allowing access to ITER-relevant disruption and edge localised modes energy loss densities. This will open access to conditions of melt layer formation both on the beryllium first wall and the tungsten divertor and, on the other hand, help progressing, in particular, hybrid and advanced scenarios for ITER, which require full or partial current profile control, thereby making use of new dedicated diagnostics. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2007
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. An analytical expression for ion velocities at the wall including the sheath electric field and surface biasing for erosion modeling at JET ILW

Author: Dmitriy V. Borodin, Alexander Lukin, Stefan Matejcik, Soare Sorin, Francesco Romanelli, Emilio Blanco, Sebastijan Brezinsek, Bohdan Bieg, Vladislav Plyusnin, José Vicente, Alberto Loarte, Emilia R Solano, Rajnikant Makwana, CHIARA MARCHETTO, Marco Wischmeier, Choong-Seock Chang, Aneta Gójska, C.Christopher Klepper, Volodymyr Bobkov, Manuel Garcia-munoz, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, and JET Contributors
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials Science (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Plasma-surface interaction, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Ion, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Physics::Plasma Physics, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Jet (fluid), Fusion, ITER-like wall, Biasing, Mechanics, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, lcsh:TK9001-9401, Physics::History of Physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, JET, Erosion, Oblique magnetic field, lcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, ELM, Beryllium, Atomic physics
Abstract: For simulation of plasma-facing component erosion in fusion experiments, an analytical expression for the ion velocity just before the surface impact including the local electric field and an optional surface biasing effect is suggested. Energy and angular impact distributions and the resulting effective sputtering yields were produced for several experimental scenarios at JET ILW mostly involving PFCs exposed to an oblique magnetic field. The analytic solution has been applied as an improvement to earlier ERO modelling of localized, Be outer limiter, RF-enhanced erosion, modulated by toggling of a remote, however magnetically connected ICRH antenna. The effective W sputtering yields due to D and Be ion impact in Type-I and Type-III ELMs and inter-ELM conditions were also estimated using the analytical approach and benchmarked by spectroscopy. The intra-ELM W sputtering flux increases almost 10 times in comparison to the inter-ELM flux. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.031
Published: 2017

28. Determination of retained tritium from ILW dust particles in JET

Author: Ashikawa, N., Torikai, Y, Asakura, N, Otsuka, T, Widdowson, A, Rubel, M, Oyaizu, M, Hara, M, MASUZAKI, S., Isobe, K, Hatano, Y, Heinola, K, Baron-Wiechec, A, Jachmich, S, Hayashi, T, JET, Contributors, Department of Physics, and Materials Physics
Subjects: Full combustin method, ITER-Like Wall, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Tritium, Combustion, 114 Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Metal, law, 0103 physical sciences, RETENTION, 010306 general physics, Jet (fluid), Full combustion method, Liquid scintillography, Dust, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, JET, visual_art, Scintillation counter, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Tin, Carbon
Abstract: Quantitative tritium inventory in dust particles from campaigns in the JET tokamak with the carbon wall (2007-2009) and the ITER-like wall (ILW 2011-2012) were determined by the liquid scintillation counter and the full combustion method. A feature of this full combustion method is that dust particles were covered by a tin (Sn) which reached 2100 K during combustion under oxygen flow. The specific tritium inventory for samples from JET with carbon and with metal walls was measured and found to be similar. However, the total tritium inventory in dust particles from the ILW experiment was significantly smaller in comparison to the carbon wall due to the lower amount of dust particles generated in the presence of metal walls.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Comparison of the structure of the plasma-facing surface and tritium accumulation in beryllium tiles from JET ILW campaigns 2011-2012 and 2013-2014

Author: Ahlgren, T., Valentinuzzi, M., Ahn, J. H., Vadgama, A. P., Aggarwal, K. M., Valcarcel, D., Airila, M., Urano, H., Albanese, R., Uytdenhouwen, I., Aho-Mantila, L., Uljanovs, J., Aiba, N., Ulyatt, D., Alessi, E., Uccello, A., Ul-Abidin, Z., Aldred, V., Alegre, D., Kogan, L., Tyrrell, S. G. J., Tigwell, P. A., Tipton, N., Thornton, A., Thrysoe, A. S., Thompson, V. K., Thorne, L., Tripsky, M., Tsalas, M., Towndrow, M., Trimble, P., Tomes, M., Tonner, P., Tokitani, M., Tolias, P., Tiseanu, I., Tojo, H., Tegnered, D., Taylor, D., Taylor, K. A., Tardocchi, M., Taroni, L., Tang, W., Aslanyan, V., A Thompson, C., Austin, Y., Kwiatkowski, R., Thomas, P., Avotina, L., Kwon, O. J., Thompson, A., Asunta, O., Laguardia, L., Thomas, J., Auriemma, F., Lahtinen, A., Thomas, J. D., Bacharis, M., Laing, A., Testa, D., Baciero, A., Lam, N., Tholerus, E., Axton, M. D., Lambertz, H. T., Teplova, N., Ayres, C., Lane, C., Terranova, D., Lang, P. T., Lanthaler, S., Telesca, G., Baiao, D., Ariola, M., Swiderski, L., Arnichand, H., Szabolics, T., Kruezi, U., Summers, H. P., Arena, P., Ksiazek, I., Svensson, J., Ashikawa, N., Kukushkin, A., Studholme, W., Kundu, A., Subba, F., Arshad, S., Kurki-Suonio, T., Ash, A., Kwak, S., Tamain, P., Tame, C., Amicucci, L., Talebzadeh, S., Amosov, V., Koslowski, H. R., Taliercio, C., Ambrosino, G., Koubiti, M., Tala, T., Ambrosino, R., Kovari, M., Talbot, A. R., Anghel, M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Suzuki, T. T., Angioni, C., Krasilnikov, A., Tal, B., Andersson Sunden, E., Krasilnikov, V., Szawlowski, M., Angelone, M., Krawczyk, N., Szepesi, G., Kresina, M., Krieger, K., Appel, L., Krivska, A., Appelbee, C., Aleynikov, P., Alfier, A., Kogut, D., Alper, B., Koivuranta, S., Alves, E., Kominis, Y., Alkseev, A., Koeppen, M., Allinson, M., Kos, B., Koskela, T., Weckmann, A., Reinke, M., Wilson, A. R., Reiser, D., Rendell, D., Williams, J., Reux, C., Williams, M., Wiesen, S., Wilkinson, J., Whitehead, B. D., Widdowson, A. M., Whetham, S., Whitehead, A. M., Wheatley, M. R., Ratynskaia, S., Ravera, G., Rayner, C., Walkden, N., Walker, M., Wakeling, B., Waldon, C. W. F., Vu, T., Pires Sa, W. W., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Waterhouse, J., Watkins, N. W., Warder, S., Warren, R. J., Wang, E., Wang, N., Walker, R., Walsh, M., Reyes Cortes, S. D. A., Reynolds, S., Villari, S., Vicente, J., Viezzer, E., Veshchev, E., Vianello, N., Verona Rinati, G., Ranjan, S., Rapson, C. J., Ragona, R., Rainford, M. S. J., Rakha, A., Vora, N., Ramogida, G., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondracek, P., Vizvary, Z., Vlad, M., Viola, B., Vitins, A., Vincenzi, P., Vinyar, I., Villone, F., Purahoo, K., Eester, D., Th. Puetterich, Renterghem, W., Rachlew, E., Valovic, M., Rack, M., Mortel, M., Valisa, M., Vallejos Olivares, P., Reinhart, M., Regana, J., Reich, M., Reid, N., Verhoeven, R., Reimold, F., Verona, C., Vega, J., Rasmussen, J. J., Verdoolaege, G., Rathod, K., Vasava, K., Ratta, G., Vasilopoulou, T., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Rooij, G. J., Varje, J., Tvalashvili, G., Pulley, D., Reece, D., Turner, M. M., Reed, A., Turnyanskiy, M., Refy, D., Tskhakaya Jun, D., Regan, B., Turner, I., Tsavalas, P., Rebai, M., Newman, M., Nicholls, K. J., Neu, R., Neverov, V. S., Naulin, V., Nave, M. F. F., Nespoli, F., Neto, A., Nedzelski, I., Nemtsev, G., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Degli Agostini, F., Dejarnac, R., Pablos, J. L., Temmerman, G., Tommasi, G., Vries, P., Masi, G., Murari, A., Muraro, A., Mosher, S., Moulton, D., Murphy, S., Moreno, R., Delabie, E., Morris, J., Moser, L., Moro, F., Morris, A. W., Noble, C., Nicolas, T., Nilsson, E., Nishijima, D., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, P., Page, A., Pajuste, E., Otin, R., Owen, A., Orszagh, J., Oswuigwe, B. I., Pacella, D., Packer, L. W., Paccagnella, R., Pace, N., Nakano, T., Nardon, E., Nabais, F., Naish, R., Asakura, N. N., Na, Y. S., Gorman, T. O., Odupitan, T., Ogawa, M. T., Nodwell, D., Nordlund, K., Nocente, M., Nunes, I., Oberkofler, M., Nordman, H., Nouailletas, R., Eriksson, F., Stubbs, G., Eriksson, J., Strauss, H. R., Strom, P., El-Jorf, R., Pereira, A., Strachan, J., Elsmore, C. G., Pereira, R., Strand, P., Enachescu, M., Stevens, A., Ericsson, G., Stevens, B. D., Edwards, A. M., Pamela, S., Stephen, A. V., Edwards, J., Panja, S., Stephen, M., Th. Eich, Ekedahl, A., Palazzo, S., Parail, V., Papp, P., Paprok, R., Dylst, K., Dzysiuk, N., Edappala, P. V., Edmond, J., Peruzzo, S., Peschanyi, S., Duval, B. P., Pereira Puglia, P. P., Dux, R., Perez Thun, C., Petravich, G., Petre, A., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Fawlk, N., Falie, D., Fanni, A., Park, M., Fasoli, A., Faustin, J. M., Evison, G., Okabayashi, M., Ewart, G. D., Olney, R., Fagan, D., Faitsch, M., Ongena, J., Orsitto, F., Omolayo, O., Evans, G. E., Mullane, M. O., Pawelec, E., Esser, H. G., Esteve, D., Evans, B., Pasqualotto, R., Eriksson, L. G., Patel, A., Esposito, B., Parra Diaz, F., Esquembri, S., Parsons, M., Patten, H., Pau, A., Pathak, S., Paton, D., Dittmar, T., Doerk, H., Doerner, R. P., Donne, T., Di Troia, C., Powell, T., Dinca, P., Pozzi, J., Inca, R. D., Possnert, G., Ding, B., Potzel, S., Pfefferle, D., Philipps, V., Di Maio, F., Petrzilka, V., Di Siena, A., Peysson, Y., Pillon, M., Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Den Harder, N., Pompilian, O. G., Dendy, R. O., Pool, P. J., Denis, J., Denner, P., Prestopino, G., Price, D., Prajapati, V., Prakash, R., Price, M., Price, R., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dutta, P., Dumont, R., Piovesan, P., Dumortier, P., Pires Dos Reis, A., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Pintsuk, G., Pearson, I. J., Drewelow, P., P Pehkonen, S., Drews, P., Paz Soldan, C., Ph. Duckworth, Peackoc, A., Peluso, E., Penot, C., Drenik, A., Dormido-Canto, S., Doswon, S., Petrella, N., Douai, D., Doyle, P. T., Pisano, F., Pitts, R., Piron, L., Dorling, S. E., Pironti, A., Pomaro, N., Pizzo, F., Plyusnin, V., Sommariva, C., Sonato, P., Sopplesa, A., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Gallagher, J., Fyvie, J., Spineanu, F., Gal, K., Stables, G., Galassi, D., Puglia, P., Stamatelatos, I., Galazka, K., Puiatti, M. E., Frigione, D., Sousa, J., Fuchs, V., Sozzi, C., Fuller, D., Spagnolo, S., Futatani, S., Spelzini, T., Caumont, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Cave-Ayland, K., Cavinato, M., Causa, F., Cavazzana, R., Cecil, E., Frasca, M., Cenedese, A., Frassinetti, L., Cecconello, M., Freisinger, M., Ceccuzzi, S., Fresa, R., Cesario, R., Franke, T., Franklin, T., Stepanov, I., Gerasimov, S., Gear, D. F., Porosnicu, C., Gee, S. J., Porton, M., Geiger, B., Popovichev, S., Gelfusa, M., Porfiri, M. T., L Gardarein, J., Garzotti, L., Gaudio, P., Gauthier, E., Giacomelli, L., Gibson, C. S., Cannas, B., Proudfoot, R., Capel, A. J., Pucella, G., Campling, D. C., Cane, J., Prior, P., Carman, P., Gao, Y., Carr, M., Garcia, J., Card, P. J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Cardinali, A., Gallart, D., Carralero, D., Galvao, R., Carraro, L., Gao, X., Chandra, D., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Challis, C. D., Fil, A., Chandler, M., Finburg, P., Fevrier, O., Ficker, O., Field, A., Fietz, S., Ferreira, J., Fessey, J. A., Fernades, A., Fernandes, H., Abduallev, S., Fazendeiro, L., Abhangi, M., Fedorczak, N., Abreu, P., Felton, R. C., Afzal, M., Fenton, K., Carvalho, I., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Carvalho, P., Fortune, M., Liga Avotina, Foster, S., Litaudon, X., Carvalho, B. B., Catarino, N., Fontdecaba, J. M., Formisano, A., Casson, F. J., Forsythe, L., Castaldo, C., Fortuna, L., Fleming, C., Flinders, K., Fonnesu, N., Flanagan, J., Fischer, U., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Firdaouss, M., Elina Pajuste, Gunta Kizane, Ieva Igaune, Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Girardo, J. B., Giroud, C., Giegerich, T., Gil, C., Gil, L., Gilligan, S., Gherendi, M., Giacalone, J. C., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Ghate, M., Giruzzi, G., Goloborod Ko, V., Gloeggler, S., Godwin, J., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Kinna, D. J., Kizane, G., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kiptily, V., Kirk, A., Klix, A., Knight, P., Klepper, C., Kocsis, G., Kodeli, I., Kobuchi, T., Withenshaw, G., Koechl, F., Withycombe, A., Knipe, S. J., Wilson, J., Knott, S., Wischmeier, M., Wilson, D. J., Wilson, H. R., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Keenan, T., Keep, J., Kazantzidis, V., Keeling, D. L., Kenny, D., Kent, J., King, D., King, R. F., Kinch, A., West, A. T., King, C., Kim, H. T., Weiszflog, M., Kim, H. S., Wellstood, C., Kent, O. N., Weiland, J., Khilkevich, E., Weisen, H., Lesnoj, S., Letellier, E., Leyland, M., Leysen, W., Kazakov, Y., Li, L., Liang, Y., Kallenbach, A., Likonen, J., Linke, J., Jones, T. T. C., Ch. Linsmeier, Hoshino, K. K., Lipschultz, B., Joita, L., Jones, G., Jane Johnston, Clarkson, R., Kamiya, K., Citrin, J., Leichuer, P., Clairet, F., Leipold, F., Clark, E., Lengar, I., Clark, M., Lennholm, M., Chernyshova, M., Kaufman, M., Lerche, E., Chitarin, G., Kaveney, G., Lescinskis, A., Ciraolo, G., Karkinsky, D., Ciric, D., Karnowska, I., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Kaniewski, J., Chapman, S. C., Kantor, A., Lawson, K. D., Chang, C. S., Lazaros, A., Chankin, A., Lazzaro, E., Chapman, I. T., Johnson, R., Leddy, J., Johnson, T., Lee, S., Jacquet, P., Lefebvre, X., Jansons, J., Leggate, H. J., Jachmich, S., Lehmann, J., Jacobsen, A. S., Lehnen, M., Irishkin, M., Leichtle, D., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Colas, L., Collins, S., Lapins, J., Conka, D., Lasa, A., Conroy, S., Last, J. R., Coda, S., Jepu, I., Laszynska, E., Coelho, R., Joffrin, E., Lawless, R., Coenen, J. W., Jenkins, I., Lawson, A., Coffey, I., Jeong, C., Jaulmes, F., Jednorog, S., Coccorese, V., Jardin, A., Cocilovo, V., Jarvinen, A., Innocente, P., Imrisek, M., Incelli, M., Luce, T., Stamp, M. F., Lucock, R. M. A., Staniec, P., Lukin, A., Luna, C., Lungaroni, M., Lungu, C. P., Imazawa, N., Imbeaux, F., Hynes, A. M., Iglesias, D., Hunter, C. L., Stankunas, G., Huynh, P., Stan-Sion, C., Stead, M. J., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Stefanikova, E., Lomanowski, B., Lomas, P. J., Lonnroth, J., Lopez, J. M., Lopez-Razola, J., Lorenzini, R., Losada, U., Lovell, J. J., Loving, A. B., Lowry, C., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Lo Schiavo, V. P., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R. C., Bohdan Bieg, Crowe, R., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Cufar, A., Croft, D., Crombe, K., Castro, A., La Cal, E., La Luna, E., Day, C., Day, I. E., Bock, M., Moreira, L., Moradi, S., Mordijck, S., Coates, P. A., Cobalt, A., Clatworthy, D., Clements, C., Cleverly, M., Coad, J. P., Craven, R., Crisanti, F., Croci, G., Couchman, A. S., Cox, M. P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Corrigan, G., Cortes, S., Coster, D., Corre, Y., Coombs, D., Cooper, D., Cooper, S. R., Corradino, C., Conway, N., Davies, O., Davis, W., Dalgliesh, P., Dalley, S., Dankowski, J., Darrow, D., Cullen, A., Curuia, M., Czarnecka, A., Dabirikhah, H., Hornung, G., Somers, A., Horton, A. R., Homfray, D. A., Horacek, J., Hollingsworth, A., Smithies, M., Hollis, S., Snoj, L., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Hotchin, S. P., Hough, M. R., Horton, L. D., Horvath, L., Helou, W., Hemming, O. N., Hellsten, T., Smith, T. J., Henderson, S. S., Hender, T. C., Henderson, M., Hertout, P., Hidalgo, C., Hepple, D., Hermon, G., Henriques, R., Hillis, D., Hillairet, J., Hillesheim, J., Highcock, E. G., Hill, M., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hatch, D. R., Haupt, T. D. V., Hasenbeck, F., Hatano, Y., Hawkins, J., Sharapov, S. E., Hawkins, P., Shaw, A., Hawes, J., Shaw, R., Hawkes, N. C., Sergienko, G., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Heinola, K., Siren, P., Hellesen, C., Sirinelli, A., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P. J. L., Haydon, P. W., Hayter, N., Sibbald, M., Guerard, C., Sieglin, B., Silburn, S., Silva, A., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shumack, A., Sias, G., Hackett, L. J., Gurl, C., Silva, C., Utoh, H. H., Guillemaut, C., Guirlet, R., Hagar, A., Sipila, S. K., Hager, R., Sips, A. C. C., Hacquin, S., Simmons, P. A., Simpson, J., Simpson-Hutchinson, J., Sinha, A., Harrington, C., Hamlyn-Harris, C., Hammond, K., Hall, S. J., Hallworth Cook, S. P., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Slade, B., Smith, N., Smith, P. G., Smith, R., Sjostrand, H., Skiba, M., Skilton, R., Slabkowska, K., Ruset, C., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Ruiz, M., Grzonka, J., Guard, D., Grove, R., Grundy, C. N., Grist, D., Safi, E., Groth, M., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Salmon, R., Salzedas, F., Sagar, P., Saibene, G., Saint-Laurent, F., Samaddar, D., Samm, U., Sandiford, D., Santos, B., Santucci, A., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Santa, P., Santala, M. I. K., Sheikh, H., Schmidt, V., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schoepf, K., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Schlummer, T., Schmid, K., Schworer, D., Scott, S. D., Richardson, N., Riddle, K., Rigamonti, D., Rimini, F. G., Riccardo, V., Robinson, S. A., Risner, J., Riva, M., Roach, C., Robins, R. J., Robinson, T., Robson, D. W., Roccella, R., Rodionov, R., Rodrigues, P., Rodriguez, J., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romazanov, J., Rowe, S., Rohde, V., Romanelli, F., Rubel, M., Rubinacci, G., Rubino, G., Ruchko, L., Mcintosh, S., Mckean, R., Mckehon, J., Meadows, R. C., Meakins, A., Medina, F., Middleton-Gear, D., Miettunen, J., Militello, F., Militello-Asp, E., Miloshevsky, G., Mink, F., Minucci, S., Miyoshi, Y., Mlynar, J., Molina, D., Maslov, M., Matejcik, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G. F., Maviglia, F., Mayer, M., Medland, M., Medley, S., Meigh, S., Meigs, A. G., Meisl, G., Meitner, S., Meneses, L., Menmuir, S., Mergia, K., Merrigan, I. R., Monakhov, I., Moneti, M., Mooney, R., Zoletnik, S., Ph. Mertens, Zilli, E., Meshchaninov, S., Zoita, V., Messiaen, A., Zhang, W., Meyer, H., Zhou, Y., Mianowski, S., Michling, R., Zerbini, M., Jet, Contributors, Zychor, I., Magesh, B., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Manas, P., Manning, A., Manso, M. E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manzanares, A., Ph. Maquet, Marandet, Y., Lungu, M., Lunniss, A., Lupelli, I., Lyssoivan, A., Macdonald, N., Macheta, P., Maczewa, K., Masiello, A., Marchuk, O., Marinelli, M., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marot, L., Huber, V., Huddleston, T. M., Hubbard, A., Huber, A., Howarth, P. J., Mayoral, M. L., May-Smith, T., Mazon, D., Mazzotta, C., Mcadams, R., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcclements, K. G., Mccormack, O., Hughes, M., Mccullen, P. A., Mcdonald, D., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Maier, H., Mailloux, J., Makkonen, T., Makwana, R., Malaquias, A., Malizia, A., Hobirk, J., Hodille, E., Hizanidis, K., Hjalmarsson, A., Marren, C. A., Marshal, R., Martin, A., Martin, Y., Martin Aguilera, A., Martinez, F. J., Martin-Solis, J. R., Hogben, C. H. A., Martynova, Y., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Maruyama, S., Broeckx, W., Brombin, M., Bright, M. D. J., Brix, M., Brown, M., Broslawski, A., Brown, D. P. D., Bradshaw, J. M. A., Breizman, B., Gosk, M., Bremond, S., Goulding, R., Braic, V., Goussarov, A., Bravanec, R., Gowland, R., Goniche, M., Goodliffe, M., Brennan, P. D., Goodyear, A., Gorini, G., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Bulmer, N., Bunting, P., Bufferand, H., Bulman, M., Bowden, M., Bower, C., Boulting, P., Bourdelle, C., Boyd, C., Boyer, H. J., Bowman, C., Boyce, T., Booth, J., Borba, D., Bonelli, F., Boom, J., Grisolia, C., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Greuner, H., Grierson, B., Griph, F. S., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Breton, S., Cahyna, P., Calabro, G., Byrne, J., Camp, P., Calvo, I., Camenen, Y., Buscarino, A., Busse, A., Buratti, P., Burckhart, A., Butler, N. K., Bykov, I., Bruno, E., Bucalossi, J., Buckley, M. A., Budny, R., Buch, J., Buchanan, J., Bazylev, B., Beal, J., Baylor, L., Beckett, B., Yavorskij, V., Becoulet, A., Yoo, M. G., Beaumont, P. S., Yanling, W., Beckers, M., Yao, L., Bell, K., Xu, T., Yadikin, D., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bassan, M., Zarins, A., Zastrow, K. D., Batistoni, P., Zaitsev, F. S., Baughan, R., Zanino, R., Bastow, R., Zacks, J., Batista, A., Zagorski, R., Young, I. D., Young, R., Bauvir, B., Young, C., Young, D., Banks, J. W., Baranov, Y. F., Barnes, M., Barnsley, R., Barnard, M. A., Barnes, D., Baruzzo, M., Basiuk, V., Baron Wiechec, A., Barrera Orte, L., Wynn, A., Wu, J., Wukitch, S., Balboa, I., Wright, J., Balden, M., Wright, J. C., Bailey, S., Woodley, C., Baker, A., Wray, S., Wood, D., Wood, R., Balshaw, N., Bament, R., Witts, D. M., Bobkov, V., Green, N. R., Boboc, A., Blanchard, P., Blatchford, P., Bolshakova, I., Graham, M. E., Bolzonella, T., Graves, J. P., Bodnar, G., Grazier, N., Bogar, O., Grazier, P., Bonanomi, N., Graham, B., Bisoffi, A., Bizarro, J. P. S., Binda, F., Blackman, K., Bjorkas, C., Blackburn, J., Botrugno, A., Bottereau, C., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Bielecki, J., Biewer, T., Besliu, C., Beurskens, M., Bigi, M., Bilkova, P., Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Benterman, N. A., Bergsaker, H., Belonohy, E., Ben Ayed, N., Blackman, T. R., Department of Physics, Materials Physics, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, and Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada
Subjects: Fuel retention, Physics::Medical Physics, 01 natural sciences, Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior, 010305 fluids & plasmas, iter-like wall, joint european torus, RETENTION, 010302 applied physics, Jet (fluid), tritium, Physics, Mechanics, Surface (topology), Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, lcsh:TK9001-9401, surgical procedures, operative, cardiovascular system, Joint European Torus, Tritium, Beryllium, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, retention, Technology and Engineering, animal structures, Materials science, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Materials Science (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, 114 Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, ITER-LIKE-WALL, ITER-like wall, technology, industry, and agriculture, Plasma, iter-like-wall, beryllium, TRANSPORT, fuel retention, body regions, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, transport, lcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power
Abstract: In this study, beryllium tiles from Joint European Torus (JET) vacuum vessel wall were analysed and compared regarding their position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during two campaigns of ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) in 2011-2012 (ILW1) and 2013-2014 (ILW2) Tritium content in beryllium samples were assessed. Two methods were used to measure tritium content in the samples - dissolution under controlled conditions and tritium thermal desorption. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to study structure and chemical composition of plasma-facing-surfaces of the beryllium samples. Experimental results revealed that tritium content in the samples is in range of 2.10(11)-2.10(13) tritium atoms per square centimetre of the surface area with its highest content in the samples from the outer wall of the vacuum vessel (up to 1.9.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 campaign and 2.4.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW2). The lowest content of tritium was found in the upper part of the vacuum vessel (2.0.10(12) atoms/cm(2) and 2.0.10(11) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 and ILW2, respectively). Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy has shown that surface morphology is different within single tile, however if to compare two campaigns main tendencies remains similar. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.011
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. First mirror test in JET for ITER: Complete overview after three ILW campaigns

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Sunwoo Moon, Petersson, P., Fortuna, E., Widdowson, A., Jachmich, S., Jet Contributors, Galdón Quiroga, Joaquín, García Muñoz, Manuel, Viezzer, Eleonora, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Sunwoo Moon, Petersson, P., Fortuna, E., Widdowson, A., Jachmich, S., Jet Contributors, Galdón Quiroga, Joaquín, García Muñoz, Manuel, and Viezzer, Eleonora
Abstract: The First Mirror Test for ITER has been carried out in JET with mirrors exposed during (1) the third IIW campaign (11.W-3, 2015-2016, 23.33 h plasma) and (ii) all three campaigns, Le LW1 to ILW-3: 20112016 63,52 h in total. All mirrors from main chamber wall show no significant changes of the total reflectivity from the initial value and the diffuse reflectivity does not exceed 3% in the spectral range above 500 nm. The modified Layer on surface has very small amount of impurities such as D, B, C N O and Ni. All mirrors from the divertor (inner, outer, base under the bulk ile) lost reflectivity by 20-80% due to the beryllium-rich deposition also containing D, CN, O, Ni and W. In the inner divertor N reaches 5 x 107 cm2 W is up to 4.3 x 10 cm while the content of Ni is the greatest in the outer divertor 3.8 x 10 cm Oxygen-18 used as the tracer in experiments at the end of ILW-3 has been detected at the level of 1.1 x 10 cm . The thickness of deposited Layer is in the range or 90 nm to 900 nm. The layer growth rate in the base (2.7 pms !) and inner divertor is proportional to the exposure time when a single campaign and all three are compared. In a few cases, on mirrots located at the cassette mouth, flaking of deposits and crosion occurred.
Published: 2019

31. Comparison of the structure of the plasma-facing surface and tritium accumulation in beryllium tiles from JET ILW campaigns 2011-2012 and 2013-2014

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Pajuste, E., Kizane, G., Igaune, I., Avotina, L., Jet Contributors, Galdón Quiroga, Joaquín, García Muñoz, Manuel, Viezzer, Eleonora, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Pajuste, E., Kizane, G., Igaune, I., Avotina, L., Jet Contributors, Galdón Quiroga, Joaquín, García Muñoz, Manuel, and Viezzer, Eleonora
Abstract: In this study, beryllium tiles from Joint European Torus (JET) vacuum vessel wall were analysed and compared regarding their position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during two cam paigns of ITER-Like-Wall (LW) in 2011201211 WI) and 20132014 ILW 2) Tritium content in beryllium samples were assessed. Two methods were used to measure tritium content in the samples - dissolution under controlled conditions and tritium thermal desorption. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to study structure and chemical composition of plasma.facing surface of the beryllium samples. Experimental results revealed that tritium content in the samples is in range of 2101 210 tritium atoms per square centimetre of the surface area with its highest content in the samples from the outer wall of the vacuum vessel (up to 1.910 atoms/cm in II.W1 campaign and 2410" atoms/cm in 11W2). The lowest content of tritium was found in the upper part of the vacuum vessel 2010 atoms/cm² and 2.010 atoms/cm in ILWI and IIW2, respectively). Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy has shown that surface morphology is different within single tile, however if to compare two campaigns main tendencies remains similar
Published: 2019

32. Comparison of the structure of the plasma-facing surface and tritium accumulation in beryllium tiles from JET ILW campaigns 2011-2012 and 2013-2014

Author: Pajuste, Elina, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, F., Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, N., Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, C., Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, M., Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Pajuste, Elina, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, F., Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, N., Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, C., Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, M., Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: In this study, beryllium tiles from Joint European Torus (JET) vacuum vessel wall were analysed and compared regarding their position in the vacuum vessel and differences in the exploitation conditions during two campaigns of ITER-Like-Wall (ILW) in 2011-2012 (ILW1) and 2013-2014 (ILW2) Tritium content in beryllium samples were assessed. Two methods were used to measure tritium content in the samples - dissolution under controlled conditions and tritium thermal desorption. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used to study structure and chemical composition of plasma-facing-surfaces of the beryllium samples. Experimental results revealed that tritium content in the samples is in range of 2.10(11)-2.10(13) tritium atoms per square centimetre of the surface area with its highest content in the samples from the outer wall of the vacuum vessel (up to 1.9.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 campaign and 2.4.10(13) atoms/cm(2) in ILW2). The lowest content of tritium was found in the upper part of the vacuum vessel (2.0.10(12) atoms/cm(2) and 2.0.10(11) atoms/cm(2) in ILW1 and ILW2, respectively). Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy has shown that surface morphology is different within single tile, however if to compare two campaigns main tendencies remains similar., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.011
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. Beryllium melting and erosion on the upper dump plates in JET during three ITER-like wall campaigns

Author: Jepu, I, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Jepu, I, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: Data on erosion and melting of beryllium upper limiter tiles, so-called dump plates (DP), are presented for all three campaigns in the JET tokamak with the ITER-like wall. High-resolution images of the upper wall of JET show clear signs of flash melting on the ridge of the roofshaped tiles. The melt layers move in the poloidal direction from the inboard to the outboard tile, ending on the last DP tile with an upward going waterfall-like melt structure. Melting was caused mainly by unmitigated plasma disruptions. During three ILW campaigns, around 15% of all 12376 plasma pulses were catalogued as disruptions. Thermocouple data from the upper dump plates tiles showed a reduction in energy delivered by disruptions with fewer extreme events in the third campaign, ILW-3, in comparison to ILW-1 and ILW-2. The total Be erosion assessed via precision weighing of tiles retrieved from JET during shutdowns indicated the increasing mass loss across campaigns of up to 0.6 g from a single tile. The mass of splashed melted Be on the upper walls was also estimated using the high-resolution images of wall components taken after each campaign. The results agree with the total material loss estimated by tile weighing (similar to 130 g). Morphological and structural analysis performed on Be melt layers revealed a multilayer structure of re-solidified material composed mainly of Be and BeO with some heavy metal impurities Ni, Fe, W. IBA analysis performed across the affected tile ridge in both poloidal and toroidal direction revealed a low D concentration, in the range 1-4 x 1017 D atoms cm-2., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab2076
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. First mirror test in JET for ITER : Complete overview after three ILW campaigns

Author: Moon, Sunwoo, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Moon, Sunwoo, Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: The First Mirror Test for ITER has been carried out in JET with mirrors exposed during: (i) the third ILW campaign (ILW-3, 2015-2016, 23.33 h plasma) and (ii) all three campaigns, i.e. ILW-1 to ILW-3: 2011-2016, 63,52 h in total. All mirrors from main chamber wall show no significant changes of the total reflectivity from the initial value and the diffuse reflectivity does not exceed 3% in the spectral range above 500 nm. The modified layer on surface has very small amount of impurities such as D, Be, C, N, O and Ni. All mirrors from the divertor (inner, outer, base under the bulk W tile) lost reflectivity by 20-80% due to the beryllium-rich deposition also containing D, C, N, O, Ni and W. In the inner divertor N reaches 5 x 10(17) cm(-2), W is up to 4.3 x 10(17) cm(-2), while the content of Ni is the greatest in the outer divertor: 3.8 x 10(17) cm(-2). Oxygen-18 used as the tracer in experiments at the end of ILW-3 has been detected at the level of 1.1 x 10(16) cm(-2). The thickness of deposited layer is in the range of 90 nm to 900 nm. The layer growth rate in the base (2.7 pm s(-1)) and inner divertor is proportional to the exposure time when a single campaign and all three are compared. In a few cases, on mirrors located at the cassette mouth, flaking of deposits and erosion occurred., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2019.02.009
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Analysis of the outer divertor hot spot activity in the protection video camera recordings at JET

Author: Drenik, A, Brezinsek, S, Carvalho, P, Huber, V, Osterman, N, Matthews, G, Nemec, M, Litaudon, X, Abduallev, S, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Ahlgren, T, Ahn, J, Aho-Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Aldred, V, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfier, A, Alkseev, A, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amicucci, L, Amosov, V, Andersson Sunden, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Appelbee, C, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Ashikawa, N, Aslanyan, V, Asunta, O, Auriemma, F, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bacharis, M, Baciero, A, Baiao, D, Bailey, S, Baker, A, Balboa, I, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnes, M, Barnsley, R, Baron Wiechec, A, Barrera Orte, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Baughan, R, Bauvir, B, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Beckers, M, Beckett, B, Becoulet, A, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belonohy, E, Ben Ayed, N, Benterman, N, Bergsaker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Besliu, C, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bilkova, P, Binda, F, Bisoffi, A, Bizarro, J, Bjorkas, C, Blackburn, J, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnar, G, Bogar, O, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Bonanomi, N, Bonelli, F, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Borodkina, I, Botrugno, A, Bottereau, C, Boulting, P, Bourdelle, C, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Bowman, C, Boyce, T, Boyd, C, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Bravanec, R, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Breton, S, Brett, A, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Broslawski, A, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buchanan, J, Buckley, A, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Bunting, P, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Busse, A, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Cahyna, P, Calabro, G, Calvo, I, Camenen, Y, Camp, P, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Catarino, N, Caumont, J, Causa, F, Cavazzana, R, Cave-Ayland, K, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chitarin, G, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clark, M, Clarkson, R, Clatworthy, D, Clements, C, Cleverly, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Cobalt, A, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Coffey, I, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conka, D, Conroy, S, Conway, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corradino, C, Corre, Y, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Craven, R, Crisanti, F, Croci, G, Croft, D, Crombe, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cufar, A, Cullen, A, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Dabirikhah, H, Dalgliesh, P, Dalley, S, Dankowski, J, Darrow, D, Davies, O, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De Bock, M, de Castro, A, de la Cal, E, de la Luna, E, De Masi, G, de Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, de Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Degli Agostini, F, Dejarnac, R, Delabie, E, den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denis, J, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Siena, A, Di Troia, C, Dinca, P, D'Inca, R, Ding, B, Dittmar, T, Doerk, H, Doerner, R, Donne, T, Dorling, S, Dormido-Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Duckworth, P, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, Duran, I, Durodie, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edmond, J, Edwards, A, Edwards, J, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, El-Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Enachescu, M, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, F, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esquembri, S, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, B, Evans, G, Evison, G, Ewart, G, Fagan, D, Faitsch, M, Falie, D, Fanni, A, Fasoli, A, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Fazendeiro, L, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenton, K, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Field, A, Fietz, S, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Fonnesu, N, Fontdecaba, J, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortuna-Zalesna, E, Fortune, M, Foster, S, Franke, T, Franklin, T, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fuller, D, Futatani, S, Fyvie, J, Gal, K, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallagher, J, Gallart, D, Galvao, R, Gao, X, Gao, Y, Garcia, J, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Gardarein, J, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gauthier, E, Gear, D, Gee, S, Geiger, B, Gelfusa, M, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Gethins, M, Ghani, Z, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gil, C, Gil, L, Gilligan, S, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Gloeggler, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Goncalves, B, Goniche, M, Goodliffe, M, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Gosk, M, Goulding, R, Goussarov, A, Gowland, R, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Grazier, P, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grierson, B, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grove, R, Grundy, C, Grzonka, J, Guard, D, Guerard, C, Guillemaut, C, Guirlet, R, Gurl, C, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hager, R, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Hallworth Cook, S, Hamlyn-Harris, C, Hammond, K, Harrington, C, Harrison, J, Harting, D, Hasenbeck, F, Hatano, Y, Hatch, D, Haupt, T, Hawes, J, Hawkes, N, Hawkins, J, Hawkins, P, Haydon, P, Hayter, N, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heinola, K, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Helou, W, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Henderson, S, Henriques, R, Hepple, D, Hermon, G, Hertout, P, Hidalgo, C, Highcock, E, Hill, M, Hillairet, J, Hillesheim, J, Hillis, D, Hizanidis, K, Hjalmarsson, A, Hobirk, J, Hodille, E, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingsworth, A, Hollis, S, Homfray, D, Horacek, J, Hornung, G, Horton, A, Horton, L, Horvath, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Howarth, P, Hubbard, A, Huber, A, Huddleston, T, Hughes, M, Huijsmans, G, Hunter, C, Huynh, P, Hynes, A, Iglesias, D, Imazawa, N, Imbeaux, F, Imrisek, M, Incelli, M, Innocente, P, Irishkin, M, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jachmich, S, Jacobsen, A, Jacquet, P, Jansons, J, Jardin, A, Jarvinen, A, Jaulmes, F, Jednorog, S, Jenkins, I, Jeong, C, Jepu, I, Joffrin, E, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Johnston, J, Joita, L, Jones, G, Jones, T, Hoshino, K, Kallenbach, A, Kamiya, K, Kaniewski, J, Kantor, A, Kappatou, A, Karhunen, J, Karkinsky, D, Karnowska, I, Kaufman, M, Kaveney, G, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, V, Keeling, D, Keenan, T, Keep, J, Kempenaars, M, Kennedy, C, Kenny, D, Kent, J, Kent, O, Khilkevich, E, Kim, H, Kinch, A, King, C, King, D, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirk, A, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kizane, G, Klepper, C, Klix, A, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Knott, S, Kobuchi, T, Koechl, F, Kocsis, G, Kodeli, I, Kogan, L, Kogut, D, Koivuranta, S, Kominis, Y, Koepen, M, Kos, B, Koskela, T, Koslowski, H, Koubiti, M, Kovari, M, Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Krawczyk, N, Kresina, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kruezi, U, Ksiazek, I, Kukushkin, A, Kundu, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Kwiatkowski, R, Kwon, O, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Laing, A, Lam, N, Lambertz, H, Lane, C, Lang, P, Lanthaler, S, Lapins, J, Lasa, A, Last, J, Laszynska, E, Lawless, R, Lawson, A, Lawson, K, Lazaros, A, Lazzaro, E, Leddy, J, Lee, S, Lefebvre, X, Leggate, H, Lehmann, J, Lehnen, M, Leichtle, D, Leichuer, P, Leipold, F, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescinskis, A, Lesnoj, S, Letellier, E, Leyland, M, Leysen, W, Li, L, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Linke, J, Linsmeier, C, Lipschultz, B, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomanowski, B, Lomas, P, Lonnroth, J, Lopez, J, Lopez-Razola, J, Lorenzini, R, Losada, U, Lovell, J, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Luna, C, Lungaroni, M, Lungu, C, Lungu, M, Lunniss, A, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macdonald, N, Macheta, P, Maczewa, K, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Malizia, A, Manas, P, Manning, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Maquet, P, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markovic, T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, Y, Martin de Aguilera, A, Martinez, F, Martin-Solis, J, Martynova, Y, Maruyama, S, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, May-Smith, T, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormack, O, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcintosh, S, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Meadows, R, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meisl, G, Meitner, S, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Mergia, K, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Mianowski, S, Michling, R, Middleton-Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Militello, F, Militello-Asp, E, Miloshevsky, G, Mink, F, Minucci, S, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynar, J, Molina, D, Monakhov, I, Moneti, M, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Moro, F, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Mosher, S, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Murphy, S, Asakura, N, Na, Y, Nabais, F, Naish, R, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neverov, V, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolas, T, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, P, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordlund, K, Nordman, H, Nouailletas, R, Nunes, I, Oberkofler, M, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olney, R, Omolayo, O, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Orszagh, J, Oswuigwe, B, Otin, R, Owen, A, Paccagnella, R, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Packer, L, Page, A, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Pamela, S, Panja, S, Papp, P, Paprok, R, Parail, V, Park, M, Parra Diaz, F, Parsons, M, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, A, Pathak, S, Paton, D, Patten, H, Pau, A, Pawelec, E, Paz Soldan, C, Peackoc, A, Pearson, I, Pehkonen, S, Peluso, E, Penot, C, Pereira, A, Pereira, R, Pereira Puglia, P, Perez von Thun, C, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petre, A, Petrella, N, Petrzilka, V, Peysson, Y, Pfefferle, D, Philipps, V, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Pires dos Reis, A, Piron, L, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pitts, R, Pizzo, F, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porfiri, M, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, M, Price, R, Prior, P, Proudfoot, R, Pucella, G, Puglia, P, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Puetterich, T, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Ragona, R, Rainford, M, Rakha, A, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Rathod, K, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravera, G, Rayner, C, Rebai, M, Reece, D, Reed, A, Refy, D, Regan, B, Regana, J, Reich, M, Reid, N, Reimold, F, Reinhart, M, Reinke, M, Reiser, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Reyes Cortes, S, Reynolds, S, Riccardo, V, Richardson, N, Riddle, K, Rigamonti, D, Rimini, F, Risner, J, Riva, M, Roach, C, Robins, R, Robinson, S, Robinson, T, Robson, D, Roccella, R, Rodionov, R, Rodrigues, P, Rodriguez, J, Rohde, V, Romanelli, F, Romanelli, M, Romanelli, S, Romazanov, J, Rowe, S, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabot, R, Safi, E, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saint-Laurent, F, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Salmon, R, Salzedas, F, Samaddar, D, Samm, U, Sandiford, D, Santa, P, Santala, M, Santos, B, Santucci, A, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Schlummer, T, Schmid, K, Schmidt, V, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Schoepf, K, Schworer, D, Scott, S, Sergienko, G, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Sharapov, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, R, Sheikh, H, Shepherd, A, Shevelev, A, Shumack, A, Sias, G, Sibbald, M, Sieglin, B, Silburn, S, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Simpson, J, Simpson-Hutchinson, J, Sinha, A, Sipila, S, Sips, A, Siren, P, Sirinelli, A, Sjostrand, H, Skiba, M, Skilton, R, Slabkowska, K, Slade, B, Smith, N, Smith, P, Smith, R, Smith, T, Smithies, M, Snoj, L, Soare, S, Solano, E, Somers, A, Sommariva, C, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sousa, J, Sozzi, C, Spagnolo, S, Spelzini, T, Spineanu, F, Stables, G, Stamatelatos, I, Stamp, M, Staniec, P, Stankunas, G, Stan-Sion, C, Stead, M, Stefanikova, E, Stepanov, I, Stephen, A, Stephen, M, Stevens, A, Steven, B, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Strauss, H, Strom, P, Stubbs, G, Studholme, W, Subba, F, Summers, H, Svensson, J, Swiderski, L, Szabolics, T, Szawlowski, M, Szepesi, G, Suzuki, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Talebzadeh, S, Taliercio, C, Tamain, P, Tame, C, Tang, W, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Taylor, D, Taylor, K, Tegnered, D, Telesca, G, Teplova, N, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Tholerus, E, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, A, Thompson, C, Thompson, V, Thorne, L, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Tigwell, P, Tipton, N, Tiseanu, I, Tojo, H, Tokitani, M, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Tonner, P, Towndrow, M, Trimble, P, Tripsky, M, Tsalas, M, Tsavalas, P, Tskhakaya Jun, D, Turner, I, Turner, M, Turnyanskiy, M, Tvalashvili, G, Tyrrell, S, Uccello, A, Ul-Abidin, Z, Uljanovs, J, Ulyatt, D, Urano, H, Uytdenhouwen, I, Vadgama, A, Valcarcel, D, Valentinuzzi, M, Valisa, M, Vallejos Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van De Mortel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Renterghem, W, van Rooij, G, Varje, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasava, K, Vasilopoulou, T, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhoeven, R, Verona, C, Verona Rinati, G, Veshchev, E, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villari, S, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Vinyar, I, Viola, B, Vitins, A, Vizvary, Z, Vlad, M, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vondracek, P, Vora, N, Vu, T, Pires de Sa, W, Wakeling, B, Waldon, C, Walkden, N, Walker, M, Walker, R, Walsh, M, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warder, S, Warren, R, Waterhouse, J, Watkins, N, Watts, C, Wauters, T, Weckmann, A, Weiland, J, Weisen, H, Weiszflog, M, Wellstood, C, West, A, Wheatley, M, Whetham, S, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, B, Widdowson, A, Wiesen, S, Wilkinson, J, Williams, J, Williams, M, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, H, Wilson, J, Wischmeier, M, Withenshaw, G, Withycombe, A, Witts, D, Wood, D, Wood, R, Woodley, C, Wray, S, Wright, J, Wu, J, Wukitch, S, Wynn, A, Xu, T, Yadikin, D, Yanling, W, Yao, L, Yavorskij, V, Yoo, M, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Young, R, Zacks, J, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zanino, R, Zarins, A, Zastrow, K, Zerbini, M, Zhang, W, Zhou, Y, Zilli, E, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zychor, I, Drenik A., Brezinsek S., Carvalho P., Huber V., Osterman N., Matthews G. F., Nemec M., Litaudon X., Abduallev S., Abhangi M., Abreu P., Afzal M., Aggarwal K. M., Ahlgren T., Ahn J. H., Aho-Mantila L., Aiba N., Airila M., Albanese R., Aldred V., Alegre D., Alessi E., Aleynikov P., Alfier A., Alkseev A., Allinson M., Alper B., Alves E., Ambrosino G., Ambrosino R., Amicucci L., Amosov V., Andersson Sunden E., Angelone M., Anghel M., Angioni C., Appel L., Appelbee C., Arena P., Ariola M., Arnichand H., Arshad S., Ash A., Ashikawa N., Aslanyan V., Asunta O., Auriemma F., Austin Y., Avotina L., Axton M. D., Ayres C., Bacharis M., Baciero A., Baiao D., Bailey S., Baker A., Balboa I., Balden M., Balshaw N., Bament R., Banks J. W., Baranov Y. F., Barnard M. A., Barnes D., Barnes M., Barnsley R., Baron Wiechec A., Barrera Orte L., Baruzzo M., Basiuk V., Bassan M., Bastow R., Batista A., Batistoni P., Baughan R., Bauvir B., Baylor L., Bazylev B., Beal J., Beaumont P. S., Beckers M., Beckett B., Becoulet A., Bekris N., Beldishevski M., Bell K., Belli F., Bellinger M., Belonohy E., Ben Ayed N., Benterman N. A., Bergsaker H., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Berry M., Bertalot L., Besliu C., Beurskens M., Bieg B., Bielecki J., Biewer T., Bigi M., Bilkova P., Binda F., Bisoffi A., Bizarro J. P. S., Bjorkas C., Blackburn J., Blackman K., Blackman T. R., Blanchard P., Blatchford P., Bobkov V., Boboc A., Bodnar G., Bogar O., Bolshakova I., Bolzonella T., Bonanomi N., Bonelli F., Boom J., Booth J., Borba D., Borodin D., Borodkina I., Botrugno A., Bottereau C., Boulting P., Bourdelle C., Bowden M., Bower C., Bowman C., Boyce T., Boyd C., Boyer H. J., Bradshaw J. M. A., Braic V., Bravanec R., Breizman B., Bremond S., Brennan P. D., Breton S., Brett A., Bright M. D. J., Brix M., Broeckx W., Brombin M., Broslawski A., Brown D. P. D., Brown M., Bruno E., Bucalossi J., Buch J., Buchanan J., Buckley A., Budny R., Bufferand H., Bulman M., Bulmer N., Bunting P., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Buscarino A., Busse A., Butler N. K., Bykov I., Byrne J., Cahyna P., Calabro G., Calvo I., Camenen Y., Camp P., Campling D. C., Cane J., Cannas B., Capel A. J., Card P. J., Cardinali A., Carman P., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Carvalho B. B., Carvalho I., Casson F. J., Castaldo C., Catarino N., Caumont J., Causa F., Cavazzana R., Cave-Ayland K., Cavinato M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cecil E., Cenedese A., Cesario R., Challis C. D., Chandler M., Chandra D., Chang C. S., Chankin A., Chapman I. T., Chapman S. C., Chernyshova M., Chitarin G., Ciraolo G., Ciric D., Citrin J., Clairet F., Clark E., Clark M., Clarkson R., Clatworthy D., Clements C., Cleverly M., Coad J. P., Coates P. A., Cobalt A., Coccorese V., Cocilovo V., Coda S., Coelho R., Coenen J. W., Coffey I., Colas L., Collins S., Conka D., Conroy S., Conway N., Coombs D., Cooper D., Cooper S. R., Corradino C., Corre Y., Corrigan G., Cortes S., Coster D., Couchman A. S., Cox M. P., Craciunescu T., Cramp S., Craven R., Crisanti F., Croci G., Croft D., Crombe K., Crowe R., Cruz N., Cseh G., Cufar A., Cullen A., Curuia M., Czarnecka A., Dabirikhah H., Dalgliesh P., Dalley S., Dankowski J., Darrow D., Davies O., Davis W., Day C., Day I. E., De Bock M., de Castro A., de la Cal E., de la Luna E., De Masi G., de Pablos J. L., De Temmerman G., De Tommasi G., de Vries P., Deakin K., Deane J., Degli Agostini F., Dejarnac R., Delabie E., den Harder N., Dendy R. O., Denis J., Denner P., Devaux S., Devynck P., Di Maio F., Di Siena A., Di Troia C., Dinca P., D'Inca R., Ding B., Dittmar T., Doerk H., Doerner R. P., Donne T., Dorling S. E., Dormido-Canto S., Doswon S., Douai D., Doyle P. T., Drewelow P., Drews P., Duckworth P., Dumont R., Dumortier P., Dunai D., Dunne M., Duran I., Durodie F., Dutta P., Duval B. P., Dux R., Dylst K., Dzysiuk N., Edappala P. V., Edmond J., Edwards A. M., Edwards J., Eich T., Ekedahl A., El-Jorf R., Elsmore C. G., Enachescu M., Ericsson G., Eriksson F., Eriksson J., Eriksson L. G., Esposito B., Esquembri S., Esser H. G., Esteve D., Evans B., Evans G. E., Evison G., Ewart G. D., Fagan D., Faitsch M., Falie D., Fanni A., Fasoli A., Faustin J. M., Fawlk N., Fazendeiro L., Fedorczak N., Felton R. C., Fenton K., Fernades A., Fernandes H., Ferreira J., Fessey J. A., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Field A., Fietz S., Figueiredo A., Figueiredo J., Fil A., Finburg P., Firdaouss M., Fischer U., Fittill L., Fitzgerald M., Flammini D., Flanagan J., Fleming C., Flinders K., Fonnesu N., Fontdecaba J. M., Formisano A., Forsythe L., Fortuna L., Fortuna-Zalesna E., Fortune M., Foster S., Franke T., Franklin T., Frasca M., Frassinetti L., Freisinger M., Fresa R., Frigione D., Fuchs V., Fuller D., Futatani S., Fyvie J., Gal K., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallagher J., Gallart D., Galvao R., Gao X., Gao Y., Garcia J., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Gardarein J. L., Garzotti L., Gaudio P., Gauthier E., Gear D. F., Gee S. J., Geiger B., Gelfusa M., Gerasimov S., Gervasini G., Gethins M., Ghani Z., Ghate M., Gherendi M., Giacalone J. C., Giacomelli L., Gibson C. S., Giegerich T., Gil C., Gil L., Gilligan S., Gin D., Giovannozzi E., Girardo J. B., Giroud C., Giruzzi G., Gloeggler S., Godwin J., Goff J., Gohil P., Goloborod'ko V., Gomes R., Goncalves B., Goniche M., Goodliffe M., Goodyear A., Gorini G., Gosk M., Goulding R., Goussarov A., Gowland R., Graham B., Graham M. E., Graves J. P., Grazier N., Grazier P., Green N. R., Greuner H., Grierson B., Griph F. S., Grisolia C., Grist D., Groth M., Grove R., Grundy C. N., Grzonka J., Guard D., Guerard C., Guillemaut C., Guirlet R., Gurl C., Utoh H. H., Hackett L. J., Hacquin S., Hagar A., Hager R., Hakola A., Halitovs M., Hall S. J., Hallworth Cook S. P., Hamlyn-Harris C., Hammond K., Harrington C., Harrison J., Harting D., Hasenbeck F., Hatano Y., Hatch D. R., Haupt T. D. V., Hawes J., Hawkes N. C., Hawkins J., Hawkins P., Haydon P. W., Hayter N., Hazel S., Heesterman P. J. L., Heinola K., Hellesen C., Hellsten T., Helou W., Hemming O. N., Hender T. C., Henderson M., Henderson S. S., Henriques R., Hepple D., Hermon G., Hertout P., Hidalgo C., Highcock E. G., Hill M., Hillairet J., Hillesheim J., Hillis D., Hizanidis K., Hjalmarsson A., Hobirk J., Hodille E., Hogben C. H. A., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hollingsworth A., Hollis S., Homfray D. A., Horacek J., Hornung G., Horton A. R., Horton L. D., Horvath L., Hotchin S. P., Hough M. R., Howarth P. J., Hubbard A., Huber A., Huddleston T. M., Hughes M., Huijsmans G. T. A., Hunter C. L., Huynh P., Hynes A. M., Iglesias D., Imazawa N., Imbeaux F., Imrisek M., Incelli M., Innocente P., Irishkin M., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jachmich S., Jacobsen A. S., Jacquet P., Jansons J., Jardin A., Jarvinen A., Jaulmes F., Jednorog S., Jenkins I., Jeong C., Jepu I., Joffrin E., Johnson R., Johnson T., Johnston J., Joita L., Jones G., Jones T. T. C., Hoshino K. K., Kallenbach A., Kamiya K., Kaniewski J., Kantor A., Kappatou A., Karhunen J., Karkinsky D., Karnowska I., Kaufman M., Kaveney G., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis V., Keeling D. L., Keenan T., Keep J., Kempenaars M., Kennedy C., Kenny D., Kent J., Kent O. N., Khilkevich E., Kim H. T., Kim H. S., Kinch A., King C., King D., King R. F., Kinna D. J., Kiptily V., Kirk A., Kirov K., Kirschner A., Kizane G., Klepper C., Klix A., Knight P., Knipe S. J., Knott S., Kobuchi T., Koechl F., Kocsis G., Kodeli I., Kogan L., Kogut D., Koivuranta S., Kominis Y., Koepen M., Kos B., Koskela T., Koslowski H. R., Koubiti M., Kovari M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Krasilnikov A., Krasilnikov V., Krawczyk N., Kresina M., Krieger K., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiazek I., Kukushkin A., Kundu A., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Kwiatkowski R., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane C., Lang P. T., Lanthaler S., Lapins J., Lasa A., Last J. R., Laszynska E., Lawless R., Lawson A., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Leddy J., Lee S., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leichuer P., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., lesnoj S., Letellier E., Leyland M., Leysen W., Li L., Liang Y., Likonen J., Linke J., Linsmeier C., Lipschultz B., Liu G., Liu Y., Lo Schiavo V. P., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R. C., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lonnroth J., Lopez J. M., Lopez-Razola J., Lorenzini R., Losada U., Lovell J. J., Loving A. B., Lowry C., Luce T., Lucock R. M. A., Lukin A., Luna C., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lungu M., Lunniss A., Lupelli I., Lyssoivan A., Macdonald N., Macheta P., Maczewa K., Magesh B., Maget P., Maggi C., Maier H., Mailloux J., Makkonen T., Makwana R., Malaquias A., Malizia A., Manas P., Manning A., Manso M. E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manzanares A., Maquet P., Marandet Y., Marcenko N., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Marinelli M., Marinucci M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marren C. A., Marshal R., Martin A., Martin Y., Martin de Aguilera A., Martinez F. J., Martin-Solis J. R., Martynova Y., Maruyama S., Masiello A., Maslov M., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. L., May-Smith T., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McCormack O., McCullen P. A., McDonald D., McIntosh S., McKean R., McKehon J., Meadows R. C., Meakins A., Medina F., Medland M., Medley S., Meigh S., Meigs A. G., Meisl G., Meitner S., Meneses L., Menmuir S., Mergia K., Merrigan I. R., Mertens P., Meshchaninov S., Messiaen A., Meyer H., Mianowski S., Michling R., Middleton-Gear D., Miettunen J., Militello F., Militello-Asp E., Miloshevsky G., Mink F., Minucci S., Miyoshi Y., Mlynar J., Molina D., Monakhov I., Moneti M., Mooney R., Moradi S., Mordijck S., Moreira L., Moreno R., Moro F., Morris A. W., Morris J., Moser L., Mosher S., Moulton D., Murari A., Muraro A., Murphy S., Asakura N. N., Na Y. S., Nabais F., Naish R., Nakano T., Nardon E., Naulin V., Nave M. F. F., Nedzelski I., Nemtsev G., Nespoli F., Neto A., Neu R., Neverov V. S., Newman M., Nicholls K. J., Nicolas T., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen P., Nilsson E., Nishijima D., Noble C., Nocente M., Nodwell D., Nordlund K., Nordman H., Nouailletas R., Nunes I., Oberkofler M., Odupitan T., Ogawa M. T., O'Gorman T., Okabayashi M., Olney R., Omolayo O., O'Mullane M., Ongena J., Orsitto F., Orszagh J., Oswuigwe B. I., Otin R., Owen A., Paccagnella R., Pace N., Pacella D., Packer L. W., Page A., Pajuste E., Palazzo S., Pamela S., Panja S., Papp P., Paprok R., Parail V., Park M., Parra Diaz F., Parsons M., Pasqualotto R., Patel A., Pathak S., Paton D., Patten H., Pau A., Pawelec E., Paz Soldan C., Peackoc A., Pearson I. J., Pehkonen S. P., Peluso E., Penot C., Pereira A., Pereira R., Pereira Puglia P. P., Perez von Thun C., Peruzzo S., Peschanyi S., Peterka M., Petersson P., Petravich G., Petre A., Petrella N., Petrzilka V., Peysson Y., Pfefferle D., Philipps V., Pillon M., Pintsuk G., Piovesan P., Pires dos Reis A., Piron L., Pironti A., Pisano F., Pitts R., Pizzo F., Plyusnin V., Pomaro N., Pompilian O. G., Pool P. J., Popovichev S., Porfiri M. T., Porosnicu C., Porton M., Possnert G., Potzel S., Powell T., Pozzi J., Prajapati V., Prakash R., Prestopino G., Price D., Price M., Price R., Prior P., Proudfoot R., Pucella G., Puglia P., Puiatti M. E., Pulley D., Purahoo K., Puetterich T., Rachlew E., Rack M., Ragona R., Rainford M. S. J., Rakha A., Ramogida G., Ranjan S., Rapson C. J., Rasmussen J. J., Rathod K., Ratta G., Ratynskaia S., Ravera G., Rayner C., Rebai M., Reece D., Reed A., Refy D., Regan B., Regana J., Reich M., Reid N., Reimold F., Reinhart M., Reinke M., Reiser D., Rendell D., Reux C., Reyes Cortes S. D. A., Reynolds S., Riccardo V., Richardson N., Riddle K., Rigamonti D., Rimini F. G., Risner J., Riva M., Roach C., Robins R. J., Robinson S. A., Robinson T., Robson D. W., Roccella R., Rodionov R., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez J., Rohde V., Romanelli F., Romanelli M., Romanelli S., Romazanov J., Rowe S., Rubel M., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ruchko L., Ruiz M., Ruset C., Rzadkiewicz J., Saarelma S., Sabot R., Safi E., Sagar P., Saibene G., Saint-Laurent F., Salewski M., Salmi A., Salmon R., Salzedas F., Samaddar D., Samm U., Sandiford D., Santa P., Santala M. I. K., Santos B., Santucci A., Sartori F., Sartori R., Sauter O., Scannell R., Schlummer T., Schmid K., Schmidt V., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schoepf K., Schworer D., Scott S. D., Sergienko G., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Sharapov S. E., Shaw A., Shaw R., Sheikh H., Shepherd A., Shevelev A., Shumack A., Sias G., Sibbald M., Sieglin B., Silburn S., Silva A., Silva C., Simmons P. A., Simpson J., Simpson-Hutchinson J., Sinha A., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skiba M., Skilton R., Slabkowska K., Slade B., Smith N., Smith P. G., Smith R., Smith T. J., Smithies M., Snoj L., Soare S., Solano E. R., Somers A., Sommariva C., Sonato P., Sopplesa A., Sousa J., Sozzi C., Spagnolo S., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Stables G., Stamatelatos I., Stamp M. F., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stan-Sion C., Stead M. J., Stefanikova E., Stepanov I., Stephen A. V., Stephen M., Stevens A., Steven B. D., Strachan J., Strand P., Strauss H. R., Strom P., Stubbs G., Studholme W., Subba F., Summers H. P., Svensson J., Swiderski L., Szabolics T., Szawlowski M., Szepesi G., Suzuki T. T., Tal B., Tala T., Talbot A. R., Talebzadeh S., Taliercio C., Tamain P., Tame C., Tang W., Tardocchi M., Taroni L., Taylor D., Taylor K. A., Tegnered D., Telesca G., Teplova N., Terranova D., Testa D., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thomas J. D., Thomas P., Thompson A., Thompson C. A., Thompson V. K., Thorne L., Thornton A., Thrysoe A. S., Tigwell P. A., Tipton N., Tiseanu I., Tojo H., Tokitani M., Tolias P., Tomes M., Tonner P., Towndrow M., Trimble P., Tripsky M., Tsalas M., Tsavalas P., Tskhakaya Jun D., Turner I., Turner M. M., Turnyanskiy M., Tvalashvili G., Tyrrell S. G. J., Uccello A., Ul-Abidin Z., Uljanovs J., Ulyatt D., Urano H., Uytdenhouwen I., Vadgama A. P., Valcarcel D., Valentinuzzi M., Valisa M., Vallejos Olivares P., Valovic M., Van De Mortel M., Van Eester D., Van Renterghem W., van Rooij G. J., Varje J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasava K., Vasilopoulou T., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhoeven R., Verona C., Verona Rinati G., Veshchev E., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villari S., Villone F., Vincenzi P., Vinyar I., Viola B., Vitins A., Vizvary Z., Vlad M., Voitsekhovitch I., Vondracek P., Vora N., Vu T., Pires de Sa W. W., Wakeling B., Waldon C. W. F., Walkden N., Walker M., Walker R., Walsh M., Wang E., Wang N., Warder S., Warren R. J., Waterhouse J., Watkins N. W., Watts C., Wauters T., Weckmann A., Weiland J., Weisen H., Weiszflog M., Wellstood C., West A. T., Wheatley M. R., Whetham S., Whitehead A. M., Whitehead B. D., Widdowson A. M., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J., Williams M., Wilson A. R., Wilson D. J., Wilson H. R., Wilson J., Wischmeier M., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D. M., Wood D., Wood R., Woodley C., Wray S., Wright J., Wright J. C., Wu J., Wukitch S., Wynn A., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yanling W., Yao L., Yavorskij V., Yoo M. G., Young C., Young D., Young I. D., Young R., Zacks J., Zagorski R., Zaitsev F. S., Zanino R., Zarins A., Zastrow K. D., Zerbini M., Zhang W., Zhou Y., Zilli E., Zoita V., Zoletnik S., Zychor I., Drenik, A, Brezinsek, S, Carvalho, P, Huber, V, Osterman, N, Matthews, G, Nemec, M, Litaudon, X, Abduallev, S, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Ahlgren, T, Ahn, J, Aho-Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Aldred, V, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfier, A, Alkseev, A, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amicucci, L, Amosov, V, Andersson Sunden, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Appelbee, C, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Ashikawa, N, Aslanyan, V, Asunta, O, Auriemma, F, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bacharis, M, Baciero, A, Baiao, D, Bailey, S, Baker, A, Balboa, I, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnes, M, Barnsley, R, Baron Wiechec, A, Barrera Orte, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Baughan, R, Bauvir, B, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Beckers, M, Beckett, B, Becoulet, A, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belonohy, E, Ben Ayed, N, Benterman, N, Bergsaker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Besliu, C, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bilkova, P, Binda, F, Bisoffi, A, Bizarro, J, Bjorkas, C, Blackburn, J, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnar, G, Bogar, O, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Bonanomi, N, Bonelli, F, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Borodkina, I, Botrugno, A, Bottereau, C, Boulting, P, Bourdelle, C, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Bowman, C, Boyce, T, Boyd, C, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Bravanec, R, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Breton, S, Brett, A, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Broslawski, A, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buchanan, J, Buckley, A, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Bunting, P, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Busse, A, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Cahyna, P, Calabro, G, Calvo, I, Camenen, Y, Camp, P, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Catarino, N, Caumont, J, Causa, F, Cavazzana, R, Cave-Ayland, K, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chitarin, G, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clark, M, Clarkson, R, Clatworthy, D, Clements, C, Cleverly, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Cobalt, A, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Coffey, I, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conka, D, Conroy, S, Conway, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corradino, C, Corre, Y, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Craven, R, Crisanti, F, Croci, G, Croft, D, Crombe, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cufar, A, Cullen, A, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Dabirikhah, H, Dalgliesh, P, Dalley, S, Dankowski, J, Darrow, D, Davies, O, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De Bock, M, de Castro, A, de la Cal, E, de la Luna, E, De Masi, G, de Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, de Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Degli Agostini, F, Dejarnac, R, Delabie, E, den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denis, J, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Siena, A, Di Troia, C, Dinca, P, D'Inca, R, Ding, B, Dittmar, T, Doerk, H, Doerner, R, Donne, T, Dorling, S, Dormido-Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Duckworth, P, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, Duran, I, Durodie, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edmond, J, Edwards, A, Edwards, J, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, El-Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Enachescu, M, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, F, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esquembri, S, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, B, Evans, G, Evison, G, Ewart, G, Fagan, D, Faitsch, M, Falie, D, Fanni, A, Fasoli, A, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Fazendeiro, L, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenton, K, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Field, A, Fietz, S, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Fonnesu, N, Fontdecaba, J, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortuna-Zalesna, E, Fortune, M, Foster, S, Franke, T, Franklin, T, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fuller, D, Futatani, S, Fyvie, J, Gal, K, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallagher, J, Gallart, D, Galvao, R, Gao, X, Gao, Y, Garcia, J, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Gardarein, J, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gauthier, E, Gear, D, Gee, S, Geiger, B, Gelfusa, M, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Gethins, M, Ghani, Z, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gil, C, Gil, L, Gilligan, S, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Gloeggler, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Goncalves, B, Goniche, M, Goodliffe, M, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Gosk, M, Goulding, R, Goussarov, A, Gowland, R, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Grazier, P, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grierson, B, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grove, R, Grundy, C, Grzonka, J, Guard, D, Guerard, C, Guillemaut, C, Guirlet, R, Gurl, C, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hager, R, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Hallworth Cook, S, Hamlyn-Harris, C, Hammond, K, Harrington, C, Harrison, J, Harting, D, Hasenbeck, F, Hatano, Y, Hatch, D, Haupt, T, Hawes, J, Hawkes, N, Hawkins, J, Hawkins, P, Haydon, P, Hayter, N, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heinola, K, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Helou, W, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Henderson, S, Henriques, R, Hepple, D, Hermon, G, Hertout, P, Hidalgo, C, Highcock, E, Hill, M, Hillairet, J, Hillesheim, J, Hillis, D, Hizanidis, K, Hjalmarsson, A, Hobirk, J, Hodille, E, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingsworth, A, Hollis, S, Homfray, D, Horacek, J, Hornung, G, Horton, A, Horton, L, Horvath, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Howarth, P, Hubbard, A, Huber, A, Huddleston, T, Hughes, M, Huijsmans, G, Hunter, C, Huynh, P, Hynes, A, Iglesias, D, Imazawa, N, Imbeaux, F, Imrisek, M, Incelli, M, Innocente, P, Irishkin, M, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jachmich, S, Jacobsen, A, Jacquet, P, Jansons, J, Jardin, A, Jarvinen, A, Jaulmes, F, Jednorog, S, Jenkins, I, Jeong, C, Jepu, I, Joffrin, E, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Johnston, J, Joita, L, Jones, G, Jones, T, Hoshino, K, Kallenbach, A, Kamiya, K, Kaniewski, J, Kantor, A, Kappatou, A, Karhunen, J, Karkinsky, D, Karnowska, I, Kaufman, M, Kaveney, G, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, V, Keeling, D, Keenan, T, Keep, J, Kempenaars, M, Kennedy, C, Kenny, D, Kent, J, Kent, O, Khilkevich, E, Kim, H, Kinch, A, King, C, King, D, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirk, A, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kizane, G, Klepper, C, Klix, A, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Knott, S, Kobuchi, T, Koechl, F, Kocsis, G, Kodeli, I, Kogan, L, Kogut, D, Koivuranta, S, Kominis, Y, Koepen, M, Kos, B, Koskela, T, Koslowski, H, Koubiti, M, Kovari, M, Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Krawczyk, N, Kresina, M, Krieger, K, Krivska, A, Kruezi, U, Ksiazek, I, Kukushkin, A, Kundu, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Kwiatkowski, R, Kwon, O, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Laing, A, Lam, N, Lambertz, H, Lane, C, Lang, P, Lanthaler, S, Lapins, J, Lasa, A, Last, J, Laszynska, E, Lawless, R, Lawson, A, Lawson, K, Lazaros, A, Lazzaro, E, Leddy, J, Lee, S, Lefebvre, X, Leggate, H, Lehmann, J, Lehnen, M, Leichtle, D, Leichuer, P, Leipold, F, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescinskis, A, Lesnoj, S, Letellier, E, Leyland, M, Leysen, W, Li, L, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Linke, J, Linsmeier, C, Lipschultz, B, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomanowski, B, Lomas, P, Lonnroth, J, Lopez, J, Lopez-Razola, J, Lorenzini, R, Losada, U, Lovell, J, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Luna, C, Lungaroni, M, Lungu, C, Lungu, M, Lunniss, A, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macdonald, N, Macheta, P, Maczewa, K, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Malizia, A, Manas, P, Manning, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Maquet, P, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markovic, T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, Y, Martin de Aguilera, A, Martinez, F, Martin-Solis, J, Martynova, Y, Maruyama, S, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, May-Smith, T, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormack, O, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcintosh, S, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Meadows, R, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meisl, G, Meitner, S, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Mergia, K, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Mianowski, S, Michling, R, Middleton-Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Militello, F, Militello-Asp, E, Miloshevsky, G, Mink, F, Minucci, S, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynar, J, Molina, D, Monakhov, I, Moneti, M, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Moro, F, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Mosher, S, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Murphy, S, Asakura, N, Na, Y, Nabais, F, Naish, R, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neverov, V, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolas, T, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, P, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordlund, K, Nordman, H, Nouailletas, R, Nunes, I, Oberkofler, M, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olney, R, Omolayo, O, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Orszagh, J, Oswuigwe, B, Otin, R, Owen, A, Paccagnella, R, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Packer, L, Page, A, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Pamela, S, Panja, S, Papp, P, Paprok, R, Parail, V, Park, M, Parra Diaz, F, Parsons, M, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, A, Pathak, S, Paton, D, Patten, H, Pau, A, Pawelec, E, Paz Soldan, C, Peackoc, A, Pearson, I, Pehkonen, S, Peluso, E, Penot, C, Pereira, A, Pereira, R, Pereira Puglia, P, Perez von Thun, C, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petre, A, Petrella, N, Petrzilka, V, Peysson, Y, Pfefferle, D, Philipps, V, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Pires dos Reis, A, Piron, L, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pitts, R, Pizzo, F, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porfiri, M, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, M, Price, R, Prior, P, Proudfoot, R, Pucella, G, Puglia, P, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Puetterich, T, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Ragona, R, Rainford, M, Rakha, A, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Rathod, K, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravera, G, Rayner, C, Rebai, M, Reece, D, Reed, A, Refy, D, Regan, B, Regana, J, Reich, M, Reid, N, Reimold, F, Reinhart, M, Reinke, M, Reiser, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Reyes Cortes, S, Reynolds, S, Riccardo, V, Richardson, N, Riddle, K, Rigamonti, D, Rimini, F, Risner, J, Riva, M, Roach, C, Robins, R, Robinson, S, Robinson, T, Robson, D, Roccella, R, Rodionov, R, Rodrigues, P, Rodriguez, J, Rohde, V, Romanelli, F, Romanelli, M, Romanelli, S, Romazanov, J, Rowe, S, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabot, R, Safi, E, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saint-Laurent, F, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Salmon, R, Salzedas, F, Samaddar, D, Samm, U, Sandiford, D, Santa, P, Santala, M, Santos, B, Santucci, A, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Schlummer, T, Schmid, K, Schmidt, V, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Schoepf, K, Schworer, D, Scott, S, Sergienko, G, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Sharapov, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, R, Sheikh, H, Shepherd, A, Shevelev, A, Shumack, A, Sias, G, Sibbald, M, Sieglin, B, Silburn, S, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Simpson, J, Simpson-Hutchinson, J, Sinha, A, Sipila, S, Sips, A, Siren, P, Sirinelli, A, Sjostrand, H, Skiba, M, Skilton, R, Slabkowska, K, Slade, B, Smith, N, Smith, P, Smith, R, Smith, T, Smithies, M, Snoj, L, Soare, S, Solano, E, Somers, A, Sommariva, C, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sousa, J, Sozzi, C, Spagnolo, S, Spelzini, T, Spineanu, F, Stables, G, Stamatelatos, I, Stamp, M, Staniec, P, Stankunas, G, Stan-Sion, C, Stead, M, Stefanikova, E, Stepanov, I, Stephen, A, Stephen, M, Stevens, A, Steven, B, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Strauss, H, Strom, P, Stubbs, G, Studholme, W, Subba, F, Summers, H, Svensson, J, Swiderski, L, Szabolics, T, Szawlowski, M, Szepesi, G, Suzuki, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Talebzadeh, S, Taliercio, C, Tamain, P, Tame, C, Tang, W, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Taylor, D, Taylor, K, Tegnered, D, Telesca, G, Teplova, N, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Tholerus, E, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, A, Thompson, C, Thompson, V, Thorne, L, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Tigwell, P, Tipton, N, Tiseanu, I, Tojo, H, Tokitani, M, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Tonner, P, Towndrow, M, Trimble, P, Tripsky, M, Tsalas, M, Tsavalas, P, Tskhakaya Jun, D, Turner, I, Turner, M, Turnyanskiy, M, Tvalashvili, G, Tyrrell, S, Uccello, A, Ul-Abidin, Z, Uljanovs, J, Ulyatt, D, Urano, H, Uytdenhouwen, I, Vadgama, A, Valcarcel, D, Valentinuzzi, M, Valisa, M, Vallejos Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van De Mortel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Renterghem, W, van Rooij, G, Varje, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasava, K, Vasilopoulou, T, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhoeven, R, Verona, C, Verona Rinati, G, Veshchev, E, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villari, S, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Vinyar, I, Viola, B, Vitins, A, Vizvary, Z, Vlad, M, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vondracek, P, Vora, N, Vu, T, Pires de Sa, W, Wakeling, B, Waldon, C, Walkden, N, Walker, M, Walker, R, Walsh, M, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warder, S, Warren, R, Waterhouse, J, Watkins, N, Watts, C, Wauters, T, Weckmann, A, Weiland, J, Weisen, H, Weiszflog, M, Wellstood, C, West, A, Wheatley, M, Whetham, S, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, B, Widdowson, A, Wiesen, S, Wilkinson, J, Williams, J, Williams, M, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, H, Wilson, J, Wischmeier, M, Withenshaw, G, Withycombe, A, Witts, D, Wood, D, Wood, R, Woodley, C, Wray, S, Wright, J, Wu, J, Wukitch, S, Wynn, A, Xu, T, Yadikin, D, Yanling, W, Yao, L, Yavorskij, V, Yoo, M, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Young, R, Zacks, J, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zanino, R, Zarins, A, Zastrow, K, Zerbini, M, Zhang, W, Zhou, Y, Zilli, E, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zychor, I, Drenik A., Brezinsek S., Carvalho P., Huber V., Osterman N., Matthews G. F., Nemec M., Litaudon X., Abduallev S., Abhangi M., Abreu P., Afzal M., Aggarwal K. M., Ahlgren T., Ahn J. H., Aho-Mantila L., Aiba N., Airila M., Albanese R., Aldred V., Alegre D., Alessi E., Aleynikov P., Alfier A., Alkseev A., Allinson M., Alper B., Alves E., Ambrosino G., Ambrosino R., Amicucci L., Amosov V., Andersson Sunden E., Angelone M., Anghel M., Angioni C., Appel L., Appelbee C., Arena P., Ariola M., Arnichand H., Arshad S., Ash A., Ashikawa N., Aslanyan V., Asunta O., Auriemma F., Austin Y., Avotina L., Axton M. D., Ayres C., Bacharis M., Baciero A., Baiao D., Bailey S., Baker A., Balboa I., Balden M., Balshaw N., Bament R., Banks J. W., Baranov Y. F., Barnard M. A., Barnes D., Barnes M., Barnsley R., Baron Wiechec A., Barrera Orte L., Baruzzo M., Basiuk V., Bassan M., Bastow R., Batista A., Batistoni P., Baughan R., Bauvir B., Baylor L., Bazylev B., Beal J., Beaumont P. S., Beckers M., Beckett B., Becoulet A., Bekris N., Beldishevski M., Bell K., Belli F., Bellinger M., Belonohy E., Ben Ayed N., Benterman N. A., Bergsaker H., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Berry M., Bertalot L., Besliu C., Beurskens M., Bieg B., Bielecki J., Biewer T., Bigi M., Bilkova P., Binda F., Bisoffi A., Bizarro J. P. S., Bjorkas C., Blackburn J., Blackman K., Blackman T. R., Blanchard P., Blatchford P., Bobkov V., Boboc A., Bodnar G., Bogar O., Bolshakova I., Bolzonella T., Bonanomi N., Bonelli F., Boom J., Booth J., Borba D., Borodin D., Borodkina I., Botrugno A., Bottereau C., Boulting P., Bourdelle C., Bowden M., Bower C., Bowman C., Boyce T., Boyd C., Boyer H. J., Bradshaw J. M. A., Braic V., Bravanec R., Breizman B., Bremond S., Brennan P. D., Breton S., Brett A., Bright M. D. J., Brix M., Broeckx W., Brombin M., Broslawski A., Brown D. P. D., Brown M., Bruno E., Bucalossi J., Buch J., Buchanan J., Buckley A., Budny R., Bufferand H., Bulman M., Bulmer N., Bunting P., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Buscarino A., Busse A., Butler N. K., Bykov I., Byrne J., Cahyna P., Calabro G., Calvo I., Camenen Y., Camp P., Campling D. C., Cane J., Cannas B., Capel A. J., Card P. J., Cardinali A., Carman P., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Carvalho B. B., Carvalho I., Casson F. J., Castaldo C., Catarino N., Caumont J., Causa F., Cavazzana R., Cave-Ayland K., Cavinato M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cecil E., Cenedese A., Cesario R., Challis C. D., Chandler M., Chandra D., Chang C. S., Chankin A., Chapman I. T., Chapman S. C., Chernyshova M., Chitarin G., Ciraolo G., Ciric D., Citrin J., Clairet F., Clark E., Clark M., Clarkson R., Clatworthy D., Clements C., Cleverly M., Coad J. P., Coates P. A., Cobalt A., Coccorese V., Cocilovo V., Coda S., Coelho R., Coenen J. W., Coffey I., Colas L., Collins S., Conka D., Conroy S., Conway N., Coombs D., Cooper D., Cooper S. R., Corradino C., Corre Y., Corrigan G., Cortes S., Coster D., Couchman A. S., Cox M. P., Craciunescu T., Cramp S., Craven R., Crisanti F., Croci G., Croft D., Crombe K., Crowe R., Cruz N., Cseh G., Cufar A., Cullen A., Curuia M., Czarnecka A., Dabirikhah H., Dalgliesh P., Dalley S., Dankowski J., Darrow D., Davies O., Davis W., Day C., Day I. E., De Bock M., de Castro A., de la Cal E., de la Luna E., De Masi G., de Pablos J. L., De Temmerman G., De Tommasi G., de Vries P., Deakin K., Deane J., Degli Agostini F., Dejarnac R., Delabie E., den Harder N., Dendy R. O., Denis J., Denner P., Devaux S., Devynck P., Di Maio F., Di Siena A., Di Troia C., Dinca P., D'Inca R., Ding B., Dittmar T., Doerk H., Doerner R. P., Donne T., Dorling S. E., Dormido-Canto S., Doswon S., Douai D., Doyle P. T., Drewelow P., Drews P., Duckworth P., Dumont R., Dumortier P., Dunai D., Dunne M., Duran I., Durodie F., Dutta P., Duval B. P., Dux R., Dylst K., Dzysiuk N., Edappala P. V., Edmond J., Edwards A. M., Edwards J., Eich T., Ekedahl A., El-Jorf R., Elsmore C. G., Enachescu M., Ericsson G., Eriksson F., Eriksson J., Eriksson L. G., Esposito B., Esquembri S., Esser H. G., Esteve D., Evans B., Evans G. E., Evison G., Ewart G. D., Fagan D., Faitsch M., Falie D., Fanni A., Fasoli A., Faustin J. M., Fawlk N., Fazendeiro L., Fedorczak N., Felton R. C., Fenton K., Fernades A., Fernandes H., Ferreira J., Fessey J. A., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Field A., Fietz S., Figueiredo A., Figueiredo J., Fil A., Finburg P., Firdaouss M., Fischer U., Fittill L., Fitzgerald M., Flammini D., Flanagan J., Fleming C., Flinders K., Fonnesu N., Fontdecaba J. M., Formisano A., Forsythe L., Fortuna L., Fortuna-Zalesna E., Fortune M., Foster S., Franke T., Franklin T., Frasca M., Frassinetti L., Freisinger M., Fresa R., Frigione D., Fuchs V., Fuller D., Futatani S., Fyvie J., Gal K., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallagher J., Gallart D., Galvao R., Gao X., Gao Y., Garcia J., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Gardarein J. L., Garzotti L., Gaudio P., Gauthier E., Gear D. F., Gee S. J., Geiger B., Gelfusa M., Gerasimov S., Gervasini G., Gethins M., Ghani Z., Ghate M., Gherendi M., Giacalone J. C., Giacomelli L., Gibson C. S., Giegerich T., Gil C., Gil L., Gilligan S., Gin D., Giovannozzi E., Girardo J. B., Giroud C., Giruzzi G., Gloeggler S., Godwin J., Goff J., Gohil P., Goloborod'ko V., Gomes R., Goncalves B., Goniche M., Goodliffe M., Goodyear A., Gorini G., Gosk M., Goulding R., Goussarov A., Gowland R., Graham B., Graham M. E., Graves J. P., Grazier N., Grazier P., Green N. R., Greuner H., Grierson B., Griph F. S., Grisolia C., Grist D., Groth M., Grove R., Grundy C. N., Grzonka J., Guard D., Guerard C., Guillemaut C., Guirlet R., Gurl C., Utoh H. H., Hackett L. J., Hacquin S., Hagar A., Hager R., Hakola A., Halitovs M., Hall S. J., Hallworth Cook S. P., Hamlyn-Harris C., Hammond K., Harrington C., Harrison J., Harting D., Hasenbeck F., Hatano Y., Hatch D. R., Haupt T. D. V., Hawes J., Hawkes N. C., Hawkins J., Hawkins P., Haydon P. W., Hayter N., Hazel S., Heesterman P. J. L., Heinola K., Hellesen C., Hellsten T., Helou W., Hemming O. N., Hender T. C., Henderson M., Henderson S. S., Henriques R., Hepple D., Hermon G., Hertout P., Hidalgo C., Highcock E. G., Hill M., Hillairet J., Hillesheim J., Hillis D., Hizanidis K., Hjalmarsson A., Hobirk J., Hodille E., Hogben C. H. A., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hollingsworth A., Hollis S., Homfray D. A., Horacek J., Hornung G., Horton A. R., Horton L. D., Horvath L., Hotchin S. P., Hough M. R., Howarth P. J., Hubbard A., Huber A., Huddleston T. M., Hughes M., Huijsmans G. T. A., Hunter C. L., Huynh P., Hynes A. M., Iglesias D., Imazawa N., Imbeaux F., Imrisek M., Incelli M., Innocente P., Irishkin M., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jachmich S., Jacobsen A. S., Jacquet P., Jansons J., Jardin A., Jarvinen A., Jaulmes F., Jednorog S., Jenkins I., Jeong C., Jepu I., Joffrin E., Johnson R., Johnson T., Johnston J., Joita L., Jones G., Jones T. T. C., Hoshino K. K., Kallenbach A., Kamiya K., Kaniewski J., Kantor A., Kappatou A., Karhunen J., Karkinsky D., Karnowska I., Kaufman M., Kaveney G., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis V., Keeling D. L., Keenan T., Keep J., Kempenaars M., Kennedy C., Kenny D., Kent J., Kent O. N., Khilkevich E., Kim H. T., Kim H. S., Kinch A., King C., King D., King R. F., Kinna D. J., Kiptily V., Kirk A., Kirov K., Kirschner A., Kizane G., Klepper C., Klix A., Knight P., Knipe S. J., Knott S., Kobuchi T., Koechl F., Kocsis G., Kodeli I., Kogan L., Kogut D., Koivuranta S., Kominis Y., Koepen M., Kos B., Koskela T., Koslowski H. R., Koubiti M., Kovari M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Krasilnikov A., Krasilnikov V., Krawczyk N., Kresina M., Krieger K., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiazek I., Kukushkin A., Kundu A., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Kwiatkowski R., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane C., Lang P. T., Lanthaler S., Lapins J., Lasa A., Last J. R., Laszynska E., Lawless R., Lawson A., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Leddy J., Lee S., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leichuer P., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., lesnoj S., Letellier E., Leyland M., Leysen W., Li L., Liang Y., Likonen J., Linke J., Linsmeier C., Lipschultz B., Liu G., Liu Y., Lo Schiavo V. P., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R. C., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lonnroth J., Lopez J. M., Lopez-Razola J., Lorenzini R., Losada U., Lovell J. J., Loving A. B., Lowry C., Luce T., Lucock R. M. A., Lukin A., Luna C., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lungu M., Lunniss A., Lupelli I., Lyssoivan A., Macdonald N., Macheta P., Maczewa K., Magesh B., Maget P., Maggi C., Maier H., Mailloux J., Makkonen T., Makwana R., Malaquias A., Malizia A., Manas P., Manning A., Manso M. E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manzanares A., Maquet P., Marandet Y., Marcenko N., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Marinelli M., Marinucci M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marren C. A., Marshal R., Martin A., Martin Y., Martin de Aguilera A., Martinez F. J., Martin-Solis J. R., Martynova Y., Maruyama S., Masiello A., Maslov M., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. L., May-Smith T., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McCormack O., McCullen P. A., McDonald D., McIntosh S., McKean R., McKehon J., Meadows R. C., Meakins A., Medina F., Medland M., Medley S., Meigh S., Meigs A. G., Meisl G., Meitner S., Meneses L., Menmuir S., Mergia K., Merrigan I. R., Mertens P., Meshchaninov S., Messiaen A., Meyer H., Mianowski S., Michling R., Middleton-Gear D., Miettunen J., Militello F., Militello-Asp E., Miloshevsky G., Mink F., Minucci S., Miyoshi Y., Mlynar J., Molina D., Monakhov I., Moneti M., Mooney R., Moradi S., Mordijck S., Moreira L., Moreno R., Moro F., Morris A. W., Morris J., Moser L., Mosher S., Moulton D., Murari A., Muraro A., Murphy S., Asakura N. N., Na Y. S., Nabais F., Naish R., Nakano T., Nardon E., Naulin V., Nave M. F. F., Nedzelski I., Nemtsev G., Nespoli F., Neto A., Neu R., Neverov V. S., Newman M., Nicholls K. J., Nicolas T., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen P., Nilsson E., Nishijima D., Noble C., Nocente M., Nodwell D., Nordlund K., Nordman H., Nouailletas R., Nunes I., Oberkofler M., Odupitan T., Ogawa M. T., O'Gorman T., Okabayashi M., Olney R., Omolayo O., O'Mullane M., Ongena J., Orsitto F., Orszagh J., Oswuigwe B. I., Otin R., Owen A., Paccagnella R., Pace N., Pacella D., Packer L. W., Page A., Pajuste E., Palazzo S., Pamela S., Panja S., Papp P., Paprok R., Parail V., Park M., Parra Diaz F., Parsons M., Pasqualotto R., Patel A., Pathak S., Paton D., Patten H., Pau A., Pawelec E., Paz Soldan C., Peackoc A., Pearson I. J., Pehkonen S. P., Peluso E., Penot C., Pereira A., Pereira R., Pereira Puglia P. P., Perez von Thun C., Peruzzo S., Peschanyi S., Peterka M., Petersson P., Petravich G., Petre A., Petrella N., Petrzilka V., Peysson Y., Pfefferle D., Philipps V., Pillon M., Pintsuk G., Piovesan P., Pires dos Reis A., Piron L., Pironti A., Pisano F., Pitts R., Pizzo F., Plyusnin V., Pomaro N., Pompilian O. G., Pool P. J., Popovichev S., Porfiri M. T., Porosnicu C., Porton M., Possnert G., Potzel S., Powell T., Pozzi J., Prajapati V., Prakash R., Prestopino G., Price D., Price M., Price R., Prior P., Proudfoot R., Pucella G., Puglia P., Puiatti M. E., Pulley D., Purahoo K., Puetterich T., Rachlew E., Rack M., Ragona R., Rainford M. S. J., Rakha A., Ramogida G., Ranjan S., Rapson C. J., Rasmussen J. J., Rathod K., Ratta G., Ratynskaia S., Ravera G., Rayner C., Rebai M., Reece D., Reed A., Refy D., Regan B., Regana J., Reich M., Reid N., Reimold F., Reinhart M., Reinke M., Reiser D., Rendell D., Reux C., Reyes Cortes S. D. A., Reynolds S., Riccardo V., Richardson N., Riddle K., Rigamonti D., Rimini F. G., Risner J., Riva M., Roach C., Robins R. J., Robinson S. A., Robinson T., Robson D. W., Roccella R., Rodionov R., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez J., Rohde V., Romanelli F., Romanelli M., Romanelli S., Romazanov J., Rowe S., Rubel M., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ruchko L., Ruiz M., Ruset C., Rzadkiewicz J., Saarelma S., Sabot R., Safi E., Sagar P., Saibene G., Saint-Laurent F., Salewski M., Salmi A., Salmon R., Salzedas F., Samaddar D., Samm U., Sandiford D., Santa P., Santala M. I. K., Santos B., Santucci A., Sartori F., Sartori R., Sauter O., Scannell R., Schlummer T., Schmid K., Schmidt V., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schoepf K., Schworer D., Scott S. D., Sergienko G., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Sharapov S. E., Shaw A., Shaw R., Sheikh H., Shepherd A., Shevelev A., Shumack A., Sias G., Sibbald M., Sieglin B., Silburn S., Silva A., Silva C., Simmons P. A., Simpson J., Simpson-Hutchinson J., Sinha A., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skiba M., Skilton R., Slabkowska K., Slade B., Smith N., Smith P. G., Smith R., Smith T. J., Smithies M., Snoj L., Soare S., Solano E. R., Somers A., Sommariva C., Sonato P., Sopplesa A., Sousa J., Sozzi C., Spagnolo S., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Stables G., Stamatelatos I., Stamp M. F., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stan-Sion C., Stead M. J., Stefanikova E., Stepanov I., Stephen A. V., Stephen M., Stevens A., Steven B. D., Strachan J., Strand P., Strauss H. R., Strom P., Stubbs G., Studholme W., Subba F., Summers H. P., Svensson J., Swiderski L., Szabolics T., Szawlowski M., Szepesi G., Suzuki T. T., Tal B., Tala T., Talbot A. R., Talebzadeh S., Taliercio C., Tamain P., Tame C., Tang W., Tardocchi M., Taroni L., Taylor D., Taylor K. A., Tegnered D., Telesca G., Teplova N., Terranova D., Testa D., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thomas J. D., Thomas P., Thompson A., Thompson C. A., Thompson V. K., Thorne L., Thornton A., Thrysoe A. S., Tigwell P. A., Tipton N., Tiseanu I., Tojo H., Tokitani M., Tolias P., Tomes M., Tonner P., Towndrow M., Trimble P., Tripsky M., Tsalas M., Tsavalas P., Tskhakaya Jun D., Turner I., Turner M. M., Turnyanskiy M., Tvalashvili G., Tyrrell S. G. J., Uccello A., Ul-Abidin Z., Uljanovs J., Ulyatt D., Urano H., Uytdenhouwen I., Vadgama A. P., Valcarcel D., Valentinuzzi M., Valisa M., Vallejos Olivares P., Valovic M., Van De Mortel M., Van Eester D., Van Renterghem W., van Rooij G. J., Varje J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasava K., Vasilopoulou T., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhoeven R., Verona C., Verona Rinati G., Veshchev E., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villari S., Villone F., Vincenzi P., Vinyar I., Viola B., Vitins A., Vizvary Z., Vlad M., Voitsekhovitch I., Vondracek P., Vora N., Vu T., Pires de Sa W. W., Wakeling B., Waldon C. W. F., Walkden N., Walker M., Walker R., Walsh M., Wang E., Wang N., Warder S., Warren R. J., Waterhouse J., Watkins N. W., Watts C., Wauters T., Weckmann A., Weiland J., Weisen H., Weiszflog M., Wellstood C., West A. T., Wheatley M. R., Whetham S., Whitehead A. M., Whitehead B. D., Widdowson A. M., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J., Williams M., Wilson A. R., Wilson D. J., Wilson H. R., Wilson J., Wischmeier M., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D. M., Wood D., Wood R., Woodley C., Wray S., Wright J., Wright J. C., Wu J., Wukitch S., Wynn A., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yanling W., Yao L., Yavorskij V., Yoo M. G., Young C., Young D., Young I. D., Young R., Zacks J., Zagorski R., Zaitsev F. S., Zanino R., Zarins A., Zastrow K. D., Zerbini M., Zhang W., Zhou Y., Zilli E., Zoita V., Zoletnik S., and Zychor I.
Abstract: Hot spots on the divertor tiles at JET result in overestimation of the tile surface temperature which causes unnecessary termination of pulses. However, the appearance of hot spots can also indicate the condition of the divertor tile surfaces. To analyse the behaviour of the hot spots in the outer divertor tiles of JET, a simple image processing algorithm is developed. The algorithm isolates areas of bright pixels in the camera image and compares them to previously identified hot spots. The activity of the hot spots is then linked to values of other signals and parameters in the same time intervals. The operation of the detection algorithm was studied in a limited pulse range with high hot spot activity on the divertor tiles 5, 6 and 7. This allowed us to optimise the values of the controlling parameters. Then, the wider applicability of the method has been demonstrated by the analysis of the hot spot behaviour in a whole experimental campaign.
Published: 2019

36. An improved model for the accurate calculation of parallel heat fluxes at the JET bulk tungsten outer divertor

Author: Iglesias, D., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Iglesias, D., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: Parallel heat flux calculations at the JET divertor have been based on the assumption that all incoming heat is due to the projection of the heat flux parallel to the magnetic line, q, plus a constant background. This simplification led to inconsistencies during the analysis of a series of dedicated tungsten melting experiments performed in 2013, for which infrared (IR) thermography surface measurements could not be recreated through simulations unless the parallel heat flux was reduced by 80% for L-mode and 60% for H-mode. We give an explanation for these differences using a new IR inverse analysis code, a set of geometrical corrections, and most importantly an additional term for the divertor heat flux accounting for non-parallel effects such as cross-field transport, recycled neutrals or charge exchange. This component has been evaluated comparing four different geometries with impinging angles varying from 2 to 90 degrees. Its magnitude corresponds to 1.2%-1.9% of q(parallel to), but because it is not affected by the magnetic projection, it accounts for up to 20%-30% of the tile surface heat flux. The geometrical corrections imply a further reduction of 24% of the measured heat flux. In addition, the application of the new inverse code increases the accuracy of the tile heat flux calculation, eliminating any previous discrepancy. The parallel heat flux computed with this new model is actually much lower than previously deduced by inverse analysis of IR temperatures-40% for L-mode and 50% for H-mode-while being independent of the geometry on which it is measured. This main result confirms the validity of the optical projection as long as a non-constant and non-parallel component is considered. For a given total heating power, the model predicts over 10% reduction of the maximum tile surface heat flux compared to strict optical modelling, as well as a 30% reduced sensitivity to manufacturing and assembling tolerances. These conclusions, along with the improvement, For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aad83e
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. An improved model for the accurate calculation of parallel heat fluxes at the JET bulk tungsten outer divertor

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Iglesias, D., Bunting, P., Coenen, J.W., Matthews, G.F., Pitts, R.A., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Iglesias, D., Bunting, P., Coenen, J.W., Matthews, G.F., Pitts, R.A., Jet Contributors, and García Muñoz, Manuel
Abstract: Parallel heat flux calculations at the JET divertor have been based on the assumption that all incoming heat is due to the projection of the heat flux parallel to the magnetic line, q , plus a constant background. This simplification led to inconsistencies during the analysis of a series of dedicated tungsten melting experiments performed in 2013, for which infrared (IR) thermography surface measurements could not be recreated through simulations unless the parallel heat flux was reduced by 80% for L-mode and 60% for H-mode. We give an explanation for these differences using a new IR inverse analysis code, a set of geometrical corrections, and most importantly an additional term for the divertor heat flux accounting for non-parallel effects such as cross-field transport, recycled neutrals or charge exchange. This component has been evaluated comparing four different geometries with impinging angles varying from 2 to 90°. Its magnitude corresponds to 1.2%–1.9% of q , but because it is not affected by the magnetic projection, it accounts for up to 20%–30% of the tile surface heat flux. The geometrical corrections imply a further reduction of 24% of the measured heat flux. In addition, the application of the new inverse code increases the accuracy of the tile heat flux calculation, eliminating any previous discrepancy. The parallel heat flux computed with this new model is actually much lower than previously deduced by inverse analysis of IR temperatures—40% for L-mode and 50% for H-mode—while being independent of the geometry on which it is measured. This main result confirms the validity of the optical projection as long as a non-constant and non-parallel component is considered. For a given total heating power, the model predicts over 10% reduction of the maximum tile surface heat flux compared to strict optical modelling, as well as a 30% reduced sensitivity to manufacturing and assembling tolerances. These conclusions, along with the improvement in the predictabil
Published: 2018

38. An improved model for the accurate calculation of parallel heat fluxes at the JET bulk tungsten outer divertor

Author: Iglesias, D, Bunting, P, Coenen, J, Matthews, G, Pitts, R, Silburn, S, Balboa, I, Coffey, I, Corre, Y, Dejarnac, R, Gaspar, J, Gauthier, E, Jachmich, S, Krieger, K, Pamela, S, Riccardo, V, Stamp, M, Litaudon, X, Abduallev, S, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Ahlgren, T, Ahn, J, Aho-Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Aldred, V, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfer, A, Alkseev, A, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amicucci, L, Amosov, V, Sunden, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Appelbee, C, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Ashikawa, N, Aslanyan, V, Asunta, O, Auriemma, F, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bacharis, M, Baciero, A, Baiao, D, Bailey, S, Baker, A, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnes, M, Barnsley, R, Wiechec, A, Orte, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Baughan, R, Bauvir, B, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Beckers, M, Beckett, B, Becoulet, A, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belonohy, E, Ayed, N, Benterman, N, Bergsaker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Besliu, C, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bilkova, P, Binda, F, Bisoffi, A, Bizarro, J, Bjorkas, C, Blackburn, J, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnar, G, Bogar, O, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Bonanomi, N, Bonelli, F, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Borodkina, I, Botrugno, A, Bottereau, C, Boulting, P, Bourdelle, C, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Bowman, C, Boyce, T, Boyd, C, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Bravanec, R, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Breton, S, Brett, A, Brezinsek, S, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Brosfawski, A, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buchanan, J, Buckley, M, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Busse, A, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Cahyna, P, Calabro, G, Calvo, I, Camenen, Y, Camp, P, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Carvalho, P, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Catarino, N, Caumont, J, Causa, F, Cavazzana, R, Cave-Ayland, K, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chitarin, G, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clark, M, Clarkson, R, Clatworthy, D, Clements, C, Cleverly, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Cobalt, A, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conka, D, Conroy, S, Conway, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corradino, C, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Craven, R, Crisanti, F, Croci, G, Croft, D, Crombe, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cufar, A, Cullen, A, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Dabirikhah, H, Dalgliesh, P, Dalley, S, Dankowski, J, Darrow, D, Davies, O, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De Bock, M, De Castro, A, De La Cal, E, De La Luna, E, De Masi, G, De Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, De Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Degli Agostini, F, Delabie, E, Den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denis, J, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Siena, A, Di Troia, C, Dinca, P, D'Inca, R, Ding, B, Dittmar, T, Doerk, H, Doerner, R, Donne, T, Dorling, S, Dormido-Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Drenik, A, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Duckworth, P, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, Duran, I, Durodie, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edmond, J, Edwards, A, Edwards, J, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, El-Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Enachescu, M, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, F, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esquembri, S, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, B, Evans, G, Evison, G, Ewart, G, Fagan, D, Faitsch, M, Falie, D, Fanni, A, Fasoli, A, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Fazendeiro, L, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenton, K, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Field, A, Fietz, S, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Fonnesu, N, Fontdecaba, J, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortuna-Zalesna, E, Fortune, M, Foster, S, Franke, T, Franklin, T, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fuller, D, Futatani, S, Fyvie, J, Gal, K, Galassi, D, Gafqzka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallagher, J, Gallart, D, Galvao, R, Gao, X, Gao, Y, Garcia, J, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Gardarein, J, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gear, D, Gee, S, Geiger, B, Gelfusa, M, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Gethins, M, Ghani, Z, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gil, C, Gil, L, Gilligan, S, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Gloggler, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Gongalves, B, Goniche, M, Goodliffe, M, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Gosk, M, Goulding, R, Goussarov, A, Gowland, R, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Grazier, P, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grierson, B, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grove, R, Grundy, C, Grzonka, J, Guard, D, Guerard, C, Guillemaut, C, Guirlet, R, Gurl, C, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hager, R, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Cook, S, Hamlyn-Harris, C, Hammond, K, Harrington, C, Harrison, J, Harting, D, Hasenbeck, F, Hatano, Y, Hatch, D, Haupt, T, Hawes, J, Hawkes, N, Hawkins, J, Hawkins, P, Haydon, P, Hayter, N, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heinola, K, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Helou, W, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Henderson, S, Henriques, R, Hepple, D, Hermon, G, Hertout, P, Hidalgo, C, Highcock, E, Hill, M, Hillairet, J, Hillesheim, J, Hillis, D, Hizanidis, K, Hjalmarsson, A, Hobirk, J, Hodille, E, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingsworth, A, Hollis, S, Homfray, D, Horacek, J, Hornung, G, Horton, A, Horton, L, Horvath, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Howarth, P, Hubbard, A, Huber, A, Huber, V, Huddleston, T, Hughes, M, Huijsmans, G, Hunter, C, Huynh, P, Hynes, A, Imazawa, N, Imbeaux, F, Imrisek, M, Incelli, M, Innocente, P, Irishkin, M, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacobsen, A, Jacquet, P, Jansons, J, Jardin, A, Jarvinen, A, Jaulmes, F, Jednorog, S, Jenkins, I, Jeong, C, Jepu, I, Joffrin, E, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Johnston, J, Joita, L, Jones, G, Jones, T, Hoshino, K, Kallenbach, A, Kamiya, K, Kaniewski, J, Kantor, A, Kappatou, A, Karhunen, J, Karkinsky, D, Karnowska, I, Kaufman, M, Kaveney, G, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, V, Keeling, D, Keenan, T, Keep, J, Kempenaars, M, Kennedy, C, Kenny, D, Kent, J, Kent, O, Khilkevich, E, Kim, H, Kinch, A, King, C, King, D, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirk, A, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kizane, G, Klepper, C, Klix, A, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Knott, S, Kobuchi, T, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kodeli, I, Kogan, L, Kogut, D, Koivuranta, S, Kominis, Y, Koppen, M, Kos, B, Koskela, T, Koslowski, H, Koubiti, M, Kovari, M, Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Krawczyk, N, Kresina, M, Krivska, A, Kruezi, U, Ksiqzek, I, Kukushkin, A, Kundu, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Kwiatkowski, R, Kwon, O, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Laing, A, Lam, N, Lambertz, H, Lane, C, Lang, P, Lanthaler, S, Lapins, J, Lasa, A, Last, J, Laszyhska, E, Lawless, R, Lawson, A, Lawson, K, Lazaros, A, Lazzaro, E, Leddy, J, Lee, S, Lefebvre, X, Leggate, H, Lehmann, J, Lehnen, M, Leichtle, D, Leichuer, P, Leipold, F, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescinskis, A, Lesnoj, S, Letellier, E, Leyland, M, Leysen, W, Li, L, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Linke, J, Linsmeier, C, Lipschultz, B, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomanowski, B, Lomas, P, Lonnroth, J, Lopez, J, Lopez-Razola, J, Lorenzini, R, Losada, U, Lovell, J, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Luna, C, Lungaroni, M, Lungu, C, Lungu, M, Lunniss, A, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macdonald, N, Macheta, P, Maczewa, K, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Malizia, A, Manas, P, Manning, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Maquet, P, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markovic, T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, Y, De Aguilera, A, Martinez, F, Martin-Solis, J, Martynova, Y, Maruyama, S, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, May-Smith, T, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormack, O, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcintosh, S, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Meadows, R, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meisl, G, Meitner, S, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Mergia, K, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Mianowski, S, Michling, R, Middleton-Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Militello, F, Militello-Asp, E, Miloshevsky, G, Mink, F, Minucci, S, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynar, J, Molina, D, Monakhov, I, Moneti, M, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Moro, F, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Mosher, S, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Murphy, S, Asakura, N, Na, Y, Nabais, F, Naish, R, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neverov, V, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolas, T, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, P, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordlund, K, Nordman, H, Nouailletas, R, Nunes, I, Oberkofer, M, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olney, R, Omolayo, O, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Orszagh, J, Oswuigwe, B, Otin, R, Owen, A, Paccagnella, R, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Packer, L, Page, A, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Panja, S, Papp, P, Paprok, R, Parail, V, Park, M, Diaz, F, Parsons, M, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, A, Pathak, S, Paton, D, Patten, H, Pau, A, Pawelec, E, Soldan, C, Peackoc, A, Pearson, I, Pehkonen, S, Peluso, E, Penot, C, Pereira, A, Pereira, R, Puglia, P, Von Thun, C, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petre, A, Petrella, N, Petrzilka, V, Peysson, Y, Pfefferle, D, Philipps, V, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Dos Reis, A, Piron, L, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pizzo, F, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porfri, M, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, M, Price, R, Prior, P, Proudfoot, R, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Putterich, T, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Ragona, R, Rainford, M, Rakha, A, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Rathod, K, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravera, G, Rayner, C, Rebai, M, Reece, D, Reed, A, Refy, D, Regan, B, Regana, J, Reich, M, Reid, N, Reimold, F, Reinhart, M, Reinke, M, Reiser, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Reynolds, S, Richardson, N, Riddle, K, Rigamonti, D, Rimini, F, Risner, J, Riva, M, Roach, C, Robins, R, Robinson, S, Robinson, T, Robson, D, Roccella, R, Rodionov, R, Rodrigues, P, Rodriguez, J, Rohde, V, Romanelli, F, Romanelli, M, Romanelli, S, Romazanov, J, Rowe, S, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabot, R, Saf, E, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saint-Laurent, F, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Salmon, R, Salzedas, F, Samaddar, D, Samm, U, Sandiford, D, Santa, P, Santala, M, Santos, B, Santucci, A, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Schlummer, T, Schmid, K, Schmidt, V, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Schopf, K, Schworer, D, Scott, S, Sergienko, G, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Sharapov, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, R, Sheikh, H, Shepherd, A, Shevelev, A, Shumack, A, Sias, G, Sibbald, M, Sieglin, B, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Simpson, J, Simpson-Hutchinson, J, Sinha, A, Sipila, S, Sips, A, Siren, P, Sirinelli, A, Sjostrand, H, Skiba, M, Skilton, R, Slabkowska, K, Slade, B, Smith, N, Smith, P, Smith, R, Smith, T, Smithies, M, Snoj, L, Soare, S, Solano, E, Somers, A, Sommariva, C, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sousa, J, Sozzi, C, Spagnolo, S, Spelzini, T, Spineanu, F, Stables, G, Stamatelatos, I, Staniec, P, Stankunas, G, Stan-Sion, C, Stead, M, Stefanikova, E, Stepanov, I, Stephen, A, Stephen, M, Stevens, A, Stevens, B, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Strauss, H, Strom, P, Stubbs, G, Studholme, W, Subba, F, Summers, H, Svensson, J, Swiderski, L, Szabolics, T, Szawlowski, M, Szepesi, G, Suzuki, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Talebzadeh, S, Taliercio, C, Tamain, P, Tame, C, Tang, W, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Taylor, D, Taylor, K, Tegnered, D, Telesca, G, Teplova, N, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Tholerus, E, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, A, Thompson, C, Thompson, V, Thorne, L, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Tigwell, P, Tipton, N, Tiseanu, I, Tojo, H, Tokitani, M, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Tonner, P, Towndrow, M, Trimble, P, Tripsky, M, Tsalas, M, Tsavalas, P, Jun, D, Turner, I, Turner, M, Turnyanskiy, M, Tvalashvili, G, Tyrrell, S, Uccello, A, Ul-Abidin, Z, Uljanovs, J, Ulyatt, D, Urano, H, Uytdenhouwen, I, Vadgama, A, Valcarcel, D, Valentinuzzi, M, Valisa, M, Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van De Mortel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Renterghem, W, Van Rooij, G, Varje, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasava, K, Vasilopoulou, T, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhoeven, R, Verona, C, Rinati, G, Veshchev, E, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villari, S, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Vinyar, I, Viola, B, Vitins, A, Vizvary, Z, Vlad, M, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vondracek, P, Vora, N, Vu, T, De Sa, W, Wakeling, B, Waldon, C, Walkden, N, Walker, M, Walker, R, Walsh, M, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warder, S, Warren, R, Waterhouse, J, Watkins, N, Watts, C, Wauters, T, Weckmann, A, Weiland, J, Weisen, H, Weiszfog, M, Wellstood, C, West, A, Wheatley, M, Whetham, S, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, B, Widdowson, A, Wiesen, S, Wilkinson, J, Williams, J, Williams, M, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, H, Wilson, J, Wischmeier, M, Withenshaw, G, Withycombe, A, Witts, D, Wood, D, Wood, R, Woodley, C, Wray, S, Wright, J, Wu, J, Wukitch, S, Wynn, A, Xu, T, Yadikin, D, Yanling, W, Yao, L, Yavorskij, V, Yoo, M, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Young, R, Zacks, J, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zanino, R, Zarins, A, Zastrow, K, Zerbini, M, Zhang, W, Zhou, Y, Zilli, E, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zychor, I, Iglesias D., Bunting P., Coenen J. W., Matthews G. F., Pitts R. A., Silburn S., Balboa I., Coffey I., Corre Y., Dejarnac R., Gaspar J., Gauthier E., Jachmich S., Krieger K., Pamela S., Riccardo V., Stamp M., Litaudon X., Abduallev S., Abhangi M., Abreu P., Afzal M., Aggarwal K. M., Ahlgren T., Ahn J. H., Aho-Mantila L., Aiba N., Airila M., Albanese R., Aldred V., Alegre D., Alessi E., Aleynikov P., Alfer A., Alkseev A., Allinson M., Alper B., Alves E., Ambrosino G., Ambrosino R., Amicucci L., Amosov V., Sunden E. A., Angelone M., Anghel M., Angioni C., Appel L., Appelbee C., Arena P., Ariola M., Arnichand H., Arshad S., Ash A., Ashikawa N., Aslanyan V., Asunta O., Auriemma F., Austin Y., Avotina L., Axton M. D., Ayres C., Bacharis M., Baciero A., Baiao D., Bailey S., Baker A., Balden M., Balshaw N., Bament R., Banks J. W., Baranov Y. F., Barnard M. A., Barnes D., Barnes M., Barnsley R., Wiechec A. B., Orte L. B., Baruzzo M., Basiuk V., Bassan M., Bastow R., Batista A., Batistoni P., Baughan R., Bauvir B., Baylor L., Bazylev B., Beal J., Beaumont P. S., Beckers M., Beckett B., Becoulet A., Bekris N., Beldishevski M., Bell K., Belli F., Bellinger M., Belonohy E., Ayed N. B., Benterman N. A., Bergsaker H., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Berry M., Bertalot L., Besliu C., Beurskens M., Bieg B., Bielecki J., Biewer T., Bigi M., Bilkova P., Binda F., Bisoffi A., Bizarro J. P. S., Bjorkas C., Blackburn J., Blackman K., Blackman T. R., Blanchard P., Blatchford P., Bobkov V., Boboc A., Bodnar G., Bogar O., Bolshakova I., Bolzonella T., Bonanomi N., Bonelli F., Boom J., Booth J., Borba D., Borodin D., Borodkina I., Botrugno A., Bottereau C., Boulting P., Bourdelle C., Bowden M., Bower C., Bowman C., Boyce T., Boyd C., Boyer H. J., Bradshaw J. M. A., Braic V., Bravanec R., Breizman B., Bremond S., Brennan P. D., Breton S., Brett A., Brezinsek S., Bright M. D. J., Brix M., Broeckx W., Brombin M., Brosfawski A., Brown D. P. D., Brown M., Bruno E., Bucalossi J., Buch J., Buchanan J., Buckley M. A., Budny R., Bufferand H., Bulman M., Bulmer N., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Buscarino A., Busse A., Butler N. K., Bykov I., Byrne J., Cahyna P., Calabro G., Calvo I., Camenen Y., Camp P., Campling D. C., Cane J., Cannas B., Capel A. J., Card P. J., Cardinali A., Carman P., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Carvalho B. B., Carvalho I., Carvalho P., Casson F. J., Castaldo C., Catarino N., Caumont J., Causa F., Cavazzana R., Cave-Ayland K., Cavinato M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cecil E., Cenedese A., Cesario R., Challis C. D., Chandler M., Chandra D., Chang C. S., Chankin A., Chapman I. T., Chapman S. C., Chernyshova M., Chitarin G., Ciraolo G., Ciric D., Citrin J., Clairet F., Clark E., Clark M., Clarkson R., Clatworthy D., Clements C., Cleverly M., Coad J. P., Coates P. A., Cobalt A., Coccorese V., Cocilovo V., Coda S., Coelho R., Colas L., Collins S., Conka D., Conroy S., Conway N., Coombs D., Cooper D., Cooper S. R., Corradino C., Corrigan G., Cortes S., Coster D., Couchman A. S., Cox M. P., Craciunescu T., Cramp S., Craven R., Crisanti F., Croci G., Croft D., Crombe K., Crowe R., Cruz N., Cseh G., Cufar A., Cullen A., Curuia M., Czarnecka A., Dabirikhah H., Dalgliesh P., Dalley S., Dankowski J., Darrow D., Davies O., Davis W., Day C., Day I. E., De Bock M., De Castro A., De La Cal E., De La Luna E., De Masi G., De Pablos J. L., De Temmerman G., De Tommasi G., De Vries P., Deakin K., Deane J., Degli Agostini F., Delabie E., Den Harder N., Dendy R. O., Denis J., Denner P., Devaux S., Devynck P., Di Maio F., Di Siena A., Di Troia C., Dinca P., D'Inca R., Ding B., Dittmar T., Doerk H., Doerner R. P., Donne T., Dorling S. E., Dormido-Canto S., Doswon S., Douai D., Doyle P. T., Drenik A., Drewelow P., Drews P., Duckworth Ph., Dumont R., Dumortier P., Dunai D., Dunne M., Duran I., Durodie F., Dutta P., Duval B. P., Dux R., Dylst K., Dzysiuk N., Edappala P. V., Edmond J., Edwards A. M., Edwards J., Eich Th., Ekedahl A., El-Jorf R., Elsmore C. G., Enachescu M., Ericsson G., Eriksson F., Eriksson J., Eriksson L. G., Esposito B., Esquembri S., Esser H. G., Esteve D., Evans B., Evans G. E., Evison G., Ewart G. D., Fagan D., Faitsch M., Falie D., Fanni A., Fasoli A., Faustin J. M., Fawlk N., Fazendeiro L., Fedorczak N., Felton R. C., Fenton K., Fernades A., Fernandes H., Ferreira J., Fessey J. A., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Field A., Fietz S., Figueiredo A., Figueiredo J., Fil A., Finburg P., Firdaouss M., Fischer U., Fittill L., Fitzgerald M., Flammini D., Flanagan J., Fleming C., Flinders K., Fonnesu N., Fontdecaba J. M., Formisano A., Forsythe L., Fortuna L., Fortuna-Zalesna E., Fortune M., Foster S., Franke T., Franklin T., Frasca M., Frassinetti L., Freisinger M., Fresa R., Frigione D., Fuchs V., Fuller D., Futatani S., Fyvie J., Gal K., Galassi D., Gafqzka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallagher J., Gallart D., Galvao R., Gao X., Gao Y., Garcia J., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Gardarein J. -L., Garzotti L., Gaudio P., Gear D. F., Gee S. J., Geiger B., Gelfusa M., Gerasimov S., Gervasini G., Gethins M., Ghani Z., Ghate M., Gherendi M., Giacalone J. C., Giacomelli L., Gibson C. S., Giegerich T., Gil C., Gil L., Gilligan S., Gin D., Giovannozzi E., Girardo J. B., Giroud C., Giruzzi G., Gloggler S., Godwin J., Goff J., Gohil P., Goloborod'ko V., Gomes R., Gongalves B., Goniche M., Goodliffe M., Goodyear A., Gorini G., Gosk M., Goulding R., Goussarov A., Gowland R., Graham B., Graham M. E., Graves J. P., Grazier N., Grazier P., Green N. R., Greuner H., Grierson B., Griph F. S., Grisolia C., Grist D., Groth M., Grove R., Grundy C. N., Grzonka J., Guard D., Guerard C., Guillemaut C., Guirlet R., Gurl C., Utoh H. H., Hackett L. J., Hacquin S., Hagar A., Hager R., Hakola A., Halitovs M., Hall S. J., Cook S. P. H., Hamlyn-Harris C., Hammond K., Harrington C., Harrison J., Harting D., Hasenbeck F., Hatano Y., Hatch D. R., Haupt T. D. V., Hawes J., Hawkes N. C., Hawkins J., Hawkins P., Haydon P. W., Hayter N., Hazel S., Heesterman P. J. L., Heinola K., Hellesen C., Hellsten T., Helou W., Hemming O. N., Hender T. C., Henderson M., Henderson S. S., Henriques R., Hepple D., Hermon G., Hertout P., Hidalgo C., Highcock E. G., Hill M., Hillairet J., Hillesheim J., Hillis D., Hizanidis K., Hjalmarsson A., Hobirk J., Hodille E., Hogben C. H. A., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hollingsworth A., Hollis S., Homfray D. A., Horacek J., Hornung G., Horton A. R., Horton L. D., Horvath L., Hotchin S. P., Hough M. R., Howarth P. J., Hubbard A., Huber A., Huber V., Huddleston T. M., Hughes M., Huijsmans G. T. A., Hunter C. L., Huynh P., Hynes A. M., Imazawa N., Imbeaux F., Imrisek M., Incelli M., Innocente P., Irishkin M., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacobsen A. S., Jacquet P., Jansons J., Jardin A., Jarvinen A., Jaulmes F., Jednorog S., Jenkins I., Jeong C., Jepu I., Joffrin E., Johnson R., Johnson T., Johnston J., Joita L., Jones G., Jones T. T. C., Hoshino K. K., Kallenbach A., Kamiya K., Kaniewski J., Kantor A., Kappatou A., Karhunen J., Karkinsky D., Karnowska I., Kaufman M., Kaveney G., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis V., Keeling D. L., Keenan T., Keep J., Kempenaars M., Kennedy C., Kenny D., Kent J., Kent O. N., Khilkevich E., Kim H. T., Kim H. S., Kinch A., King C., King D., King R. F., Kinna D. J., Kiptily V., Kirk A., Kirov K., Kirschner A., Kizane G., Klepper C., Klix A., Knight P., Knipe S. J., Knott S., Kobuchi T., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kodeli I., Kogan L., Kogut D., Koivuranta S., Kominis Y., Koppen M., Kos B., Koskela T., Koslowski H. R., Koubiti M., Kovari M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Krasilnikov A., Krasilnikov V., Krawczyk N., Kresina M., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiqzek I., Kukushkin A., Kundu A., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Kwiatkowski R., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane C., Lang P. T., Lanthaler S., Lapins J., Lasa A., Last J. R., Laszyhska E., Lawless R., Lawson A., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Leddy J., Lee S., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leichuer P., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., Lesnoj S., Letellier E., Leyland M., Leysen W., Li L., Liang Y., Likonen J., Linke J., Linsmeier Ch., Lipschultz B., Liu G., Liu Y., Lo Schiavo V. P., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R. C., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lonnroth J., Lopez J. M., Lopez-Razola J., Lorenzini R., Losada U., Lovell J. J., Loving A. B., Lowry C., Luce T., Lucock R. M. A., Lukin A., Luna C., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lungu M., Lunniss A., Lupelli I., Lyssoivan A., Macdonald N., Macheta P., Maczewa K., Magesh B., Maget P., Maggi C., Maier H., Mailloux J., Makkonen T., Makwana R., Malaquias A., Malizia A., Manas P., Manning A., Manso M. E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manzanares A., Maquet Ph., Marandet Y., Marcenko N., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Marinelli M., Marinucci M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marren C. A., Marshal R., Martin A., Martin Y., De Aguilera A. M., Martinez F. J., Martin-Solis J. R., Martynova Y., Maruyama S., Masiello A., Maslov M., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. L., May-Smith T., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McCormack O., McCullen P. A., McDonald D., McIntosh S., McKean R., McKehon J., Meadows R. C., Meakins A., Medina F., Medland M., Medley S., Meigh S., Meigs A. G., Meisl G., Meitner S., Meneses L., Menmuir S., Mergia K., Merrigan I. R., Mertens Ph., Meshchaninov S., Messiaen A., Meyer H., Mianowski S., Michling R., Middleton-Gear D., Miettunen J., Militello F., Militello-Asp E., Miloshevsky G., Mink F., Minucci S., Miyoshi Y., Mlynar J., Molina D., Monakhov I., Moneti M., Mooney R., Moradi S., Mordijck S., Moreira L., Moreno R., Moro F., Morris A. W., Morris J., Moser L., Mosher S., Moulton D., Murari A., Muraro A., Murphy S., Asakura N. N., Na Y. S., Nabais F., Naish R., Nakano T., Nardon E., Naulin V., Nave M. F. F., Nedzelski I., Nemtsev G., Nespoli F., Neto A., Neu R., Neverov V. S., Newman M., Nicholls K. J., Nicolas T., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen P., Nilsson E., Nishijima D., Noble C., Nocente M., Nodwell D., Nordlund K., Nordman H., Nouailletas R., Nunes I., Oberkofer M., Odupitan T., Ogawa M. T., O'Gorman T., Okabayashi M., Olney R., Omolayo O., O'Mullane M., Ongena J., Orsitto F., Orszagh J., Oswuigwe B. I., Otin R., Owen A., Paccagnella R., Pace N., Pacella D., Packer L. W., Page A., Pajuste E., Palazzo S., Panja S., Papp P., Paprok R., Parail V., Park M., Diaz F. P., Parsons M., Pasqualotto R., Patel A., Pathak S., Paton D., Patten H., Pau A., Pawelec E., Soldan C. P., Peackoc A., Pearson I. J., Pehkonen S. -P., Peluso E., Penot C., Pereira A., Pereira R., Puglia P. P. P., Von Thun C. P., Peruzzo S., Peschanyi S., Peterka M., Petersson P., Petravich G., Petre A., Petrella N., Petrzilka V., Peysson Y., Pfefferle D., Philipps V., Pillon M., Pintsuk G., Piovesan P., Dos Reis A. P., Piron L., Pironti A., Pisano F., Pitts R., Pizzo F., Plyusnin V., Pomaro N., Pompilian O. G., Pool P. J., Popovichev S., Porfri M. T., Porosnicu C., Porton M., Possnert G., Potzel S., Powell T., Pozzi J., Prajapati V., Prakash R., Prestopino G., Price D., Price M., Price R., Prior P., Proudfoot R., Pucella G., Puglia P., Puiatti M. E., Pulley D., Purahoo K., Putterich Th., Rachlew E., Rack M., Ragona R., Rainford M. S. J., Rakha A., Ramogida G., Ranjan S., Rapson C. J., Rasmussen J. J., Rathod K., Ratta G., Ratynskaia S., Ravera G., Rayner C., Rebai M., Reece D., Reed A., Refy D., Regan B., Regana J., Reich M., Reid N., Reimold F., Reinhart M., Reinke M., Reiser D., Rendell D., Reux C., Cortes S. D. A. R., Reynolds S., Richardson N., Riddle K., Rigamonti D., Rimini F. G., Risner J., Riva M., Roach C., Robins R. J., Robinson S. A., Robinson T., Robson D. W., Roccella R., Rodionov R., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez J., Rohde V., Romanelli F., Romanelli M., Romanelli S., Romazanov J., Rowe S., Rubel M., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ruchko L., Ruiz M., Ruset C., Rzadkiewicz J., Saarelma S., Sabot R., Saf E., Sagar P., Saibene G., Saint-Laurent F., Salewski M., Salmi A., Salmon R., Salzedas F., Samaddar D., Samm U., Sandiford D., Santa P., Santala M. I. K., Santos B., Santucci A., Sartori F., Sartori R., Sauter O., Scannell R., Schlummer T., Schmid K., Schmidt V., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schopf K., Schworer D., Scott S. D., Sergienko G., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Sharapov S. E., Shaw A., Shaw R., Sheikh H., Shepherd A., Shevelev A., Shumack A., Sias G., Sibbald M., Sieglin B., Silva A., Silva C., Simmons P. A., Simpson J., Simpson-Hutchinson J., Sinha A., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skiba M., Skilton R., Slabkowska K., Slade B., Smith N., Smith P. G., Smith R., Smith T. J., Smithies M., Snoj L., Soare S., Solano E. R., Somers A., Sommariva C., Sonato P., Sopplesa A., Sousa J., Sozzi C., Spagnolo S., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Stables G., Stamatelatos I., Stamp M. F., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stan-Sion C., Stead M. J., Stefanikova E., Stepanov I., Stephen A. V., Stephen M., Stevens A., Stevens B. D., Strachan J., Strand P., Strauss H. R., Strom P., Stubbs G., Studholme W., Subba F., Summers H. P., Svensson J., Swiderski L., Szabolics T., Szawlowski M., Szepesi G., Suzuki T. T., Tal B., Tala T., Talbot A. R., Talebzadeh S., Taliercio C., Tamain P., Tame C., Tang W., Tardocchi M., Taroni L., Taylor D., Taylor K. A., Tegnered D., Telesca G., Teplova N., Terranova D., Testa D., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thomas J. D., Thomas P., Thompson A., Thompson C. -A., Thompson V. K., Thorne L., Thornton A., Thrysoe A. S., Tigwell P. A., Tipton N., Tiseanu I., Tojo H., Tokitani M., Tolias P., Tomes M., Tonner P., Towndrow M., Trimble P., Tripsky M., Tsalas M., Tsavalas P., Jun D. T., Turner I., Turner M. M., Turnyanskiy M., Tvalashvili G., Tyrrell S. G. J., Uccello A., Ul-Abidin Z., Uljanovs J., Ulyatt D., Urano H., Uytdenhouwen I., Vadgama A. P., Valcarcel D., Valentinuzzi M., Valisa M., Olivares P. V., Valovic M., Van De Mortel M., Van Eester D., Van Renterghem W., Van Rooij G. J., Varje J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasava K., Vasilopoulou T., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhoeven R., Verona C., Rinati G. V., Veshchev E., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villari S., Villone F., Vincenzi P., Vinyar I., Viola B., Vitins A., Vizvary Z., Vlad M., Voitsekhovitch I., Vondracek P., Vora N., Vu T., De Sa W. W. P., Wakeling B., Waldon C. W. F., Walkden N., Walker M., Walker R., Walsh M., Wang E., Wang N., Warder S., Warren R. J., Waterhouse J., Watkins N. W., Watts C., Wauters T., Weckmann A., Weiland J., Weisen H., Weiszfog M., Wellstood C., West A. T., Wheatley M. R., Whetham S., Whitehead A. M., Whitehead B. D., Widdowson A. M., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J., Williams M., Wilson A. R., Wilson D. J., Wilson H. R., Wilson J., Wischmeier M., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D. M., Wood D., Wood R., Woodley C., Wray S., Wright J., Wright J. C., Wu J., Wukitch S., Wynn A., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yanling W., Yao L., Yavorskij V., Yoo M. G., Young C., Young D., Young I. D., Young R., Zacks J., Zagorski R., Zaitsev F. S., Zanino R., Zarins A., Zastrow K. D., Zerbini M., Zhang W., Zhou Y., Zilli E., Zoita V., Zoletnik S., Zychor I., Iglesias, D, Bunting, P, Coenen, J, Matthews, G, Pitts, R, Silburn, S, Balboa, I, Coffey, I, Corre, Y, Dejarnac, R, Gaspar, J, Gauthier, E, Jachmich, S, Krieger, K, Pamela, S, Riccardo, V, Stamp, M, Litaudon, X, Abduallev, S, Abhangi, M, Abreu, P, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, K, Ahlgren, T, Ahn, J, Aho-Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Albanese, R, Aldred, V, Alegre, D, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Alfer, A, Alkseev, A, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, Amicucci, L, Amosov, V, Sunden, E, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Angioni, C, Appel, L, Appelbee, C, Arena, P, Ariola, M, Arnichand, H, Arshad, S, Ash, A, Ashikawa, N, Aslanyan, V, Asunta, O, Auriemma, F, Austin, Y, Avotina, L, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Bacharis, M, Baciero, A, Baiao, D, Bailey, S, Baker, A, Balden, M, Balshaw, N, Bament, R, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barnard, M, Barnes, D, Barnes, M, Barnsley, R, Wiechec, A, Orte, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bassan, M, Bastow, R, Batista, A, Batistoni, P, Baughan, R, Bauvir, B, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beal, J, Beaumont, P, Beckers, M, Beckett, B, Becoulet, A, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, K, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Belonohy, E, Ayed, N, Benterman, N, Bergsaker, H, Bernardo, J, Bernert, M, Berry, M, Bertalot, L, Besliu, C, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bielecki, J, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bilkova, P, Binda, F, Bisoffi, A, Bizarro, J, Bjorkas, C, Blackburn, J, Blackman, K, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blatchford, P, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Bodnar, G, Bogar, O, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Bonanomi, N, Bonelli, F, Boom, J, Booth, J, Borba, D, Borodin, D, Borodkina, I, Botrugno, A, Bottereau, C, Boulting, P, Bourdelle, C, Bowden, M, Bower, C, Bowman, C, Boyce, T, Boyd, C, Boyer, H, Bradshaw, J, Braic, V, Bravanec, R, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Breton, S, Brett, A, Brezinsek, S, Bright, M, Brix, M, Broeckx, W, Brombin, M, Brosfawski, A, Brown, D, Brown, M, Bruno, E, Bucalossi, J, Buch, J, Buchanan, J, Buckley, M, Budny, R, Bufferand, H, Bulman, M, Bulmer, N, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Buscarino, A, Busse, A, Butler, N, Bykov, I, Byrne, J, Cahyna, P, Calabro, G, Calvo, I, Camenen, Y, Camp, P, Campling, D, Cane, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carman, P, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, I, Carvalho, P, Casson, F, Castaldo, C, Catarino, N, Caumont, J, Causa, F, Cavazzana, R, Cave-Ayland, K, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cecil, E, Cenedese, A, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chandra, D, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Chapman, S, Chernyshova, M, Chitarin, G, Ciraolo, G, Ciric, D, Citrin, J, Clairet, F, Clark, E, Clark, M, Clarkson, R, Clatworthy, D, Clements, C, Cleverly, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Cobalt, A, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Colas, L, Collins, S, Conka, D, Conroy, S, Conway, N, Coombs, D, Cooper, D, Cooper, S, Corradino, C, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Couchman, A, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Craven, R, Crisanti, F, Croci, G, Croft, D, Crombe, K, Crowe, R, Cruz, N, Cseh, G, Cufar, A, Cullen, A, Curuia, M, Czarnecka, A, Dabirikhah, H, Dalgliesh, P, Dalley, S, Dankowski, J, Darrow, D, Davies, O, Davis, W, Day, C, Day, I, De Bock, M, De Castro, A, De La Cal, E, De La Luna, E, De Masi, G, De Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, De Vries, P, Deakin, K, Deane, J, Degli Agostini, F, Delabie, E, Den Harder, N, Dendy, R, Denis, J, Denner, P, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Maio, F, Di Siena, A, Di Troia, C, Dinca, P, D'Inca, R, Ding, B, Dittmar, T, Doerk, H, Doerner, R, Donne, T, Dorling, S, Dormido-Canto, S, Doswon, S, Douai, D, Doyle, P, Drenik, A, Drewelow, P, Drews, P, Duckworth, P, Dumont, R, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Dunne, M, Duran, I, Durodie, F, Dutta, P, Duval, B, Dux, R, Dylst, K, Dzysiuk, N, Edappala, P, Edmond, J, Edwards, A, Edwards, J, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, El-Jorf, R, Elsmore, C, Enachescu, M, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, F, Eriksson, J, Eriksson, L, Esposito, B, Esquembri, S, Esser, H, Esteve, D, Evans, B, Evans, G, Evison, G, Ewart, G, Fagan, D, Faitsch, M, Falie, D, Fanni, A, Fasoli, A, Faustin, J, Fawlk, N, Fazendeiro, L, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenton, K, Fernades, A, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Fessey, J, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Field, A, Fietz, S, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Fil, A, Finburg, P, Firdaouss, M, Fischer, U, Fittill, L, Fitzgerald, M, Flammini, D, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Flinders, K, Fonnesu, N, Fontdecaba, J, Formisano, A, Forsythe, L, Fortuna, L, Fortuna-Zalesna, E, Fortune, M, Foster, S, Franke, T, Franklin, T, Frasca, M, Frassinetti, L, Freisinger, M, Fresa, R, Frigione, D, Fuchs, V, Fuller, D, Futatani, S, Fyvie, J, Gal, K, Galassi, D, Gafqzka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Gallagher, J, Gallart, D, Galvao, R, Gao, X, Gao, Y, Garcia, J, Garcia-Carrasco, A, Garcia-Munoz, M, Gardarein, J, Garzotti, L, Gaudio, P, Gear, D, Gee, S, Geiger, B, Gelfusa, M, Gerasimov, S, Gervasini, G, Gethins, M, Ghani, Z, Ghate, M, Gherendi, M, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Giegerich, T, Gil, C, Gil, L, Gilligan, S, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Girardo, J, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Gloggler, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Gomes, R, Gongalves, B, Goniche, M, Goodliffe, M, Goodyear, A, Gorini, G, Gosk, M, Goulding, R, Goussarov, A, Gowland, R, Graham, B, Graham, M, Graves, J, Grazier, N, Grazier, P, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grierson, B, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Grist, D, Groth, M, Grove, R, Grundy, C, Grzonka, J, Guard, D, Guerard, C, Guillemaut, C, Guirlet, R, Gurl, C, Utoh, H, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Hagar, A, Hager, R, Hakola, A, Halitovs, M, Hall, S, Cook, S, Hamlyn-Harris, C, Hammond, K, Harrington, C, Harrison, J, Harting, D, Hasenbeck, F, Hatano, Y, Hatch, D, Haupt, T, Hawes, J, Hawkes, N, Hawkins, J, Hawkins, P, Haydon, P, Hayter, N, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heinola, K, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Helou, W, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Henderson, S, Henriques, R, Hepple, D, Hermon, G, Hertout, P, Hidalgo, C, Highcock, E, Hill, M, Hillairet, J, Hillesheim, J, Hillis, D, Hizanidis, K, Hjalmarsson, A, Hobirk, J, Hodille, E, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingsworth, A, Hollis, S, Homfray, D, Horacek, J, Hornung, G, Horton, A, Horton, L, Horvath, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Howarth, P, Hubbard, A, Huber, A, Huber, V, Huddleston, T, Hughes, M, Huijsmans, G, Hunter, C, Huynh, P, Hynes, A, Imazawa, N, Imbeaux, F, Imrisek, M, Incelli, M, Innocente, P, Irishkin, M, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacobsen, A, Jacquet, P, Jansons, J, Jardin, A, Jarvinen, A, Jaulmes, F, Jednorog, S, Jenkins, I, Jeong, C, Jepu, I, Joffrin, E, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Johnston, J, Joita, L, Jones, G, Jones, T, Hoshino, K, Kallenbach, A, Kamiya, K, Kaniewski, J, Kantor, A, Kappatou, A, Karhunen, J, Karkinsky, D, Karnowska, I, Kaufman, M, Kaveney, G, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, V, Keeling, D, Keenan, T, Keep, J, Kempenaars, M, Kennedy, C, Kenny, D, Kent, J, Kent, O, Khilkevich, E, Kim, H, Kinch, A, King, C, King, D, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirk, A, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kizane, G, Klepper, C, Klix, A, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Knott, S, Kobuchi, T, Kochl, F, Kocsis, G, Kodeli, I, Kogan, L, Kogut, D, Koivuranta, S, Kominis, Y, Koppen, M, Kos, B, Koskela, T, Koslowski, H, Koubiti, M, Kovari, M, Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Krawczyk, N, Kresina, M, Krivska, A, Kruezi, U, Ksiqzek, I, Kukushkin, A, Kundu, A, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwak, S, Kwiatkowski, R, Kwon, O, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Laing, A, Lam, N, Lambertz, H, Lane, C, Lang, P, Lanthaler, S, Lapins, J, Lasa, A, Last, J, Laszyhska, E, Lawless, R, Lawson, A, Lawson, K, Lazaros, A, Lazzaro, E, Leddy, J, Lee, S, Lefebvre, X, Leggate, H, Lehmann, J, Lehnen, M, Leichtle, D, Leichuer, P, Leipold, F, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescinskis, A, Lesnoj, S, Letellier, E, Leyland, M, Leysen, W, Li, L, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Linke, J, Linsmeier, C, Lipschultz, B, Liu, G, Liu, Y, Lo Schiavo, V, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomanowski, B, Lomas, P, Lonnroth, J, Lopez, J, Lopez-Razola, J, Lorenzini, R, Losada, U, Lovell, J, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukin, A, Luna, C, Lungaroni, M, Lungu, C, Lungu, M, Lunniss, A, Lupelli, I, Lyssoivan, A, Macdonald, N, Macheta, P, Maczewa, K, Magesh, B, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makkonen, T, Makwana, R, Malaquias, A, Malizia, A, Manas, P, Manning, A, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manzanares, A, Maquet, P, Marandet, Y, Marcenko, N, Marchetto, C, Marchuk, O, Marinelli, M, Marinucci, M, Markovic, T, Marocco, D, Marot, L, Marren, C, Marshal, R, Martin, A, Martin, Y, De Aguilera, A, Martinez, F, Martin-Solis, J, Martynova, Y, Maruyama, S, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Matejcik, S, Mattei, M, Maviglia, F, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, May-Smith, T, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mcadams, R, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormack, O, Mccullen, P, Mcdonald, D, Mcintosh, S, Mckean, R, Mckehon, J, Meadows, R, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Medland, M, Medley, S, Meigh, S, Meigs, A, Meisl, G, Meitner, S, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Mergia, K, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Meshchaninov, S, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Mianowski, S, Michling, R, Middleton-Gear, D, Miettunen, J, Militello, F, Militello-Asp, E, Miloshevsky, G, Mink, F, Minucci, S, Miyoshi, Y, Mlynar, J, Molina, D, Monakhov, I, Moneti, M, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Mordijck, S, Moreira, L, Moreno, R, Moro, F, Morris, A, Morris, J, Moser, L, Mosher, S, Moulton, D, Murari, A, Muraro, A, Murphy, S, Asakura, N, Na, Y, Nabais, F, Naish, R, Nakano, T, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nedzelski, I, Nemtsev, G, Nespoli, F, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neverov, V, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolas, T, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, P, Nilsson, E, Nishijima, D, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nodwell, D, Nordlund, K, Nordman, H, Nouailletas, R, Nunes, I, Oberkofer, M, Odupitan, T, Ogawa, M, O'Gorman, T, Okabayashi, M, Olney, R, Omolayo, O, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Orszagh, J, Oswuigwe, B, Otin, R, Owen, A, Paccagnella, R, Pace, N, Pacella, D, Packer, L, Page, A, Pajuste, E, Palazzo, S, Panja, S, Papp, P, Paprok, R, Parail, V, Park, M, Diaz, F, Parsons, M, Pasqualotto, R, Patel, A, Pathak, S, Paton, D, Patten, H, Pau, A, Pawelec, E, Soldan, C, Peackoc, A, Pearson, I, Pehkonen, S, Peluso, E, Penot, C, Pereira, A, Pereira, R, Puglia, P, Von Thun, C, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyi, S, Peterka, M, Petersson, P, Petravich, G, Petre, A, Petrella, N, Petrzilka, V, Peysson, Y, Pfefferle, D, Philipps, V, Pillon, M, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Dos Reis, A, Piron, L, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pizzo, F, Plyusnin, V, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porfri, M, Porosnicu, C, Porton, M, Possnert, G, Potzel, S, Powell, T, Pozzi, J, Prajapati, V, Prakash, R, Prestopino, G, Price, D, Price, M, Price, R, Prior, P, Proudfoot, R, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Pulley, D, Purahoo, K, Putterich, T, Rachlew, E, Rack, M, Ragona, R, Rainford, M, Rakha, A, Ramogida, G, Ranjan, S, Rapson, C, Rasmussen, J, Rathod, K, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravera, G, Rayner, C, Rebai, M, Reece, D, Reed, A, Refy, D, Regan, B, Regana, J, Reich, M, Reid, N, Reimold, F, Reinhart, M, Reinke, M, Reiser, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Reynolds, S, Richardson, N, Riddle, K, Rigamonti, D, Rimini, F, Risner, J, Riva, M, Roach, C, Robins, R, Robinson, S, Robinson, T, Robson, D, Roccella, R, Rodionov, R, Rodrigues, P, Rodriguez, J, Rohde, V, Romanelli, F, Romanelli, M, Romanelli, S, Romazanov, J, Rowe, S, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabot, R, Saf, E, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saint-Laurent, F, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Salmon, R, Salzedas, F, Samaddar, D, Samm, U, Sandiford, D, Santa, P, Santala, M, Santos, B, Santucci, A, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Schlummer, T, Schmid, K, Schmidt, V, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Schopf, K, Schworer, D, Scott, S, Sergienko, G, Sertoli, M, Shabbir, A, Sharapov, S, Shaw, A, Shaw, R, Sheikh, H, Shepherd, A, Shevelev, A, Shumack, A, Sias, G, Sibbald, M, Sieglin, B, Silva, A, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Simpson, J, Simpson-Hutchinson, J, Sinha, A, Sipila, S, Sips, A, Siren, P, Sirinelli, A, Sjostrand, H, Skiba, M, Skilton, R, Slabkowska, K, Slade, B, Smith, N, Smith, P, Smith, R, Smith, T, Smithies, M, Snoj, L, Soare, S, Solano, E, Somers, A, Sommariva, C, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sousa, J, Sozzi, C, Spagnolo, S, Spelzini, T, Spineanu, F, Stables, G, Stamatelatos, I, Staniec, P, Stankunas, G, Stan-Sion, C, Stead, M, Stefanikova, E, Stepanov, I, Stephen, A, Stephen, M, Stevens, A, Stevens, B, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Strauss, H, Strom, P, Stubbs, G, Studholme, W, Subba, F, Summers, H, Svensson, J, Swiderski, L, Szabolics, T, Szawlowski, M, Szepesi, G, Suzuki, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Talebzadeh, S, Taliercio, C, Tamain, P, Tame, C, Tang, W, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Taylor, D, Taylor, K, Tegnered, D, Telesca, G, Teplova, N, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Tholerus, E, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, A, Thompson, C, Thompson, V, Thorne, L, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Tigwell, P, Tipton, N, Tiseanu, I, Tojo, H, Tokitani, M, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Tonner, P, Towndrow, M, Trimble, P, Tripsky, M, Tsalas, M, Tsavalas, P, Jun, D, Turner, I, Turner, M, Turnyanskiy, M, Tvalashvili, G, Tyrrell, S, Uccello, A, Ul-Abidin, Z, Uljanovs, J, Ulyatt, D, Urano, H, Uytdenhouwen, I, Vadgama, A, Valcarcel, D, Valentinuzzi, M, Valisa, M, Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van De Mortel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Renterghem, W, Van Rooij, G, Varje, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasava, K, Vasilopoulou, T, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhoeven, R, Verona, C, Rinati, G, Veshchev, E, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villari, S, Villone, F, Vincenzi, P, Vinyar, I, Viola, B, Vitins, A, Vizvary, Z, Vlad, M, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vondracek, P, Vora, N, Vu, T, De Sa, W, Wakeling, B, Waldon, C, Walkden, N, Walker, M, Walker, R, Walsh, M, Wang, E, Wang, N, Warder, S, Warren, R, Waterhouse, J, Watkins, N, Watts, C, Wauters, T, Weckmann, A, Weiland, J, Weisen, H, Weiszfog, M, Wellstood, C, West, A, Wheatley, M, Whetham, S, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, B, Widdowson, A, Wiesen, S, Wilkinson, J, Williams, J, Williams, M, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, H, Wilson, J, Wischmeier, M, Withenshaw, G, Withycombe, A, Witts, D, Wood, D, Wood, R, Woodley, C, Wray, S, Wright, J, Wu, J, Wukitch, S, Wynn, A, Xu, T, Yadikin, D, Yanling, W, Yao, L, Yavorskij, V, Yoo, M, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Young, R, Zacks, J, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zanino, R, Zarins, A, Zastrow, K, Zerbini, M, Zhang, W, Zhou, Y, Zilli, E, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zychor, I, Iglesias D., Bunting P., Coenen J. W., Matthews G. F., Pitts R. A., Silburn S., Balboa I., Coffey I., Corre Y., Dejarnac R., Gaspar J., Gauthier E., Jachmich S., Krieger K., Pamela S., Riccardo V., Stamp M., Litaudon X., Abduallev S., Abhangi M., Abreu P., Afzal M., Aggarwal K. M., Ahlgren T., Ahn J. H., Aho-Mantila L., Aiba N., Airila M., Albanese R., Aldred V., Alegre D., Alessi E., Aleynikov P., Alfer A., Alkseev A., Allinson M., Alper B., Alves E., Ambrosino G., Ambrosino R., Amicucci L., Amosov V., Sunden E. A., Angelone M., Anghel M., Angioni C., Appel L., Appelbee C., Arena P., Ariola M., Arnichand H., Arshad S., Ash A., Ashikawa N., Aslanyan V., Asunta O., Auriemma F., Austin Y., Avotina L., Axton M. D., Ayres C., Bacharis M., Baciero A., Baiao D., Bailey S., Baker A., Balden M., Balshaw N., Bament R., Banks J. W., Baranov Y. F., Barnard M. A., Barnes D., Barnes M., Barnsley R., Wiechec A. B., Orte L. B., Baruzzo M., Basiuk V., Bassan M., Bastow R., Batista A., Batistoni P., Baughan R., Bauvir B., Baylor L., Bazylev B., Beal J., Beaumont P. S., Beckers M., Beckett B., Becoulet A., Bekris N., Beldishevski M., Bell K., Belli F., Bellinger M., Belonohy E., Ayed N. B., Benterman N. A., Bergsaker H., Bernardo J., Bernert M., Berry M., Bertalot L., Besliu C., Beurskens M., Bieg B., Bielecki J., Biewer T., Bigi M., Bilkova P., Binda F., Bisoffi A., Bizarro J. P. S., Bjorkas C., Blackburn J., Blackman K., Blackman T. R., Blanchard P., Blatchford P., Bobkov V., Boboc A., Bodnar G., Bogar O., Bolshakova I., Bolzonella T., Bonanomi N., Bonelli F., Boom J., Booth J., Borba D., Borodin D., Borodkina I., Botrugno A., Bottereau C., Boulting P., Bourdelle C., Bowden M., Bower C., Bowman C., Boyce T., Boyd C., Boyer H. J., Bradshaw J. M. A., Braic V., Bravanec R., Breizman B., Bremond S., Brennan P. D., Breton S., Brett A., Brezinsek S., Bright M. D. J., Brix M., Broeckx W., Brombin M., Brosfawski A., Brown D. P. D., Brown M., Bruno E., Bucalossi J., Buch J., Buchanan J., Buckley M. A., Budny R., Bufferand H., Bulman M., Bulmer N., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Buscarino A., Busse A., Butler N. K., Bykov I., Byrne J., Cahyna P., Calabro G., Calvo I., Camenen Y., Camp P., Campling D. C., Cane J., Cannas B., Capel A. J., Card P. J., Cardinali A., Carman P., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Carvalho B. B., Carvalho I., Carvalho P., Casson F. J., Castaldo C., Catarino N., Caumont J., Causa F., Cavazzana R., Cave-Ayland K., Cavinato M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cecil E., Cenedese A., Cesario R., Challis C. D., Chandler M., Chandra D., Chang C. S., Chankin A., Chapman I. T., Chapman S. C., Chernyshova M., Chitarin G., Ciraolo G., Ciric D., Citrin J., Clairet F., Clark E., Clark M., Clarkson R., Clatworthy D., Clements C., Cleverly M., Coad J. P., Coates P. A., Cobalt A., Coccorese V., Cocilovo V., Coda S., Coelho R., Colas L., Collins S., Conka D., Conroy S., Conway N., Coombs D., Cooper D., Cooper S. R., Corradino C., Corrigan G., Cortes S., Coster D., Couchman A. S., Cox M. P., Craciunescu T., Cramp S., Craven R., Crisanti F., Croci G., Croft D., Crombe K., Crowe R., Cruz N., Cseh G., Cufar A., Cullen A., Curuia M., Czarnecka A., Dabirikhah H., Dalgliesh P., Dalley S., Dankowski J., Darrow D., Davies O., Davis W., Day C., Day I. E., De Bock M., De Castro A., De La Cal E., De La Luna E., De Masi G., De Pablos J. L., De Temmerman G., De Tommasi G., De Vries P., Deakin K., Deane J., Degli Agostini F., Delabie E., Den Harder N., Dendy R. O., Denis J., Denner P., Devaux S., Devynck P., Di Maio F., Di Siena A., Di Troia C., Dinca P., D'Inca R., Ding B., Dittmar T., Doerk H., Doerner R. P., Donne T., Dorling S. E., Dormido-Canto S., Doswon S., Douai D., Doyle P. T., Drenik A., Drewelow P., Drews P., Duckworth Ph., Dumont R., Dumortier P., Dunai D., Dunne M., Duran I., Durodie F., Dutta P., Duval B. P., Dux R., Dylst K., Dzysiuk N., Edappala P. V., Edmond J., Edwards A. M., Edwards J., Eich Th., Ekedahl A., El-Jorf R., Elsmore C. G., Enachescu M., Ericsson G., Eriksson F., Eriksson J., Eriksson L. G., Esposito B., Esquembri S., Esser H. G., Esteve D., Evans B., Evans G. E., Evison G., Ewart G. D., Fagan D., Faitsch M., Falie D., Fanni A., Fasoli A., Faustin J. M., Fawlk N., Fazendeiro L., Fedorczak N., Felton R. C., Fenton K., Fernades A., Fernandes H., Ferreira J., Fessey J. A., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Field A., Fietz S., Figueiredo A., Figueiredo J., Fil A., Finburg P., Firdaouss M., Fischer U., Fittill L., Fitzgerald M., Flammini D., Flanagan J., Fleming C., Flinders K., Fonnesu N., Fontdecaba J. M., Formisano A., Forsythe L., Fortuna L., Fortuna-Zalesna E., Fortune M., Foster S., Franke T., Franklin T., Frasca M., Frassinetti L., Freisinger M., Fresa R., Frigione D., Fuchs V., Fuller D., Futatani S., Fyvie J., Gal K., Galassi D., Gafqzka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Gallagher J., Gallart D., Galvao R., Gao X., Gao Y., Garcia J., Garcia-Carrasco A., Garcia-Munoz M., Gardarein J. -L., Garzotti L., Gaudio P., Gear D. F., Gee S. J., Geiger B., Gelfusa M., Gerasimov S., Gervasini G., Gethins M., Ghani Z., Ghate M., Gherendi M., Giacalone J. C., Giacomelli L., Gibson C. S., Giegerich T., Gil C., Gil L., Gilligan S., Gin D., Giovannozzi E., Girardo J. B., Giroud C., Giruzzi G., Gloggler S., Godwin J., Goff J., Gohil P., Goloborod'ko V., Gomes R., Gongalves B., Goniche M., Goodliffe M., Goodyear A., Gorini G., Gosk M., Goulding R., Goussarov A., Gowland R., Graham B., Graham M. E., Graves J. P., Grazier N., Grazier P., Green N. R., Greuner H., Grierson B., Griph F. S., Grisolia C., Grist D., Groth M., Grove R., Grundy C. N., Grzonka J., Guard D., Guerard C., Guillemaut C., Guirlet R., Gurl C., Utoh H. H., Hackett L. J., Hacquin S., Hagar A., Hager R., Hakola A., Halitovs M., Hall S. J., Cook S. P. H., Hamlyn-Harris C., Hammond K., Harrington C., Harrison J., Harting D., Hasenbeck F., Hatano Y., Hatch D. R., Haupt T. D. V., Hawes J., Hawkes N. C., Hawkins J., Hawkins P., Haydon P. W., Hayter N., Hazel S., Heesterman P. J. L., Heinola K., Hellesen C., Hellsten T., Helou W., Hemming O. N., Hender T. C., Henderson M., Henderson S. S., Henriques R., Hepple D., Hermon G., Hertout P., Hidalgo C., Highcock E. G., Hill M., Hillairet J., Hillesheim J., Hillis D., Hizanidis K., Hjalmarsson A., Hobirk J., Hodille E., Hogben C. H. A., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hollingsworth A., Hollis S., Homfray D. A., Horacek J., Hornung G., Horton A. R., Horton L. D., Horvath L., Hotchin S. P., Hough M. R., Howarth P. J., Hubbard A., Huber A., Huber V., Huddleston T. M., Hughes M., Huijsmans G. T. A., Hunter C. L., Huynh P., Hynes A. M., Imazawa N., Imbeaux F., Imrisek M., Incelli M., Innocente P., Irishkin M., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacobsen A. S., Jacquet P., Jansons J., Jardin A., Jarvinen A., Jaulmes F., Jednorog S., Jenkins I., Jeong C., Jepu I., Joffrin E., Johnson R., Johnson T., Johnston J., Joita L., Jones G., Jones T. T. C., Hoshino K. K., Kallenbach A., Kamiya K., Kaniewski J., Kantor A., Kappatou A., Karhunen J., Karkinsky D., Karnowska I., Kaufman M., Kaveney G., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis V., Keeling D. L., Keenan T., Keep J., Kempenaars M., Kennedy C., Kenny D., Kent J., Kent O. N., Khilkevich E., Kim H. T., Kim H. S., Kinch A., King C., King D., King R. F., Kinna D. J., Kiptily V., Kirk A., Kirov K., Kirschner A., Kizane G., Klepper C., Klix A., Knight P., Knipe S. J., Knott S., Kobuchi T., Kochl F., Kocsis G., Kodeli I., Kogan L., Kogut D., Koivuranta S., Kominis Y., Koppen M., Kos B., Koskela T., Koslowski H. R., Koubiti M., Kovari M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Krasilnikov A., Krasilnikov V., Krawczyk N., Kresina M., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiqzek I., Kukushkin A., Kundu A., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwak S., Kwiatkowski R., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane C., Lang P. T., Lanthaler S., Lapins J., Lasa A., Last J. R., Laszyhska E., Lawless R., Lawson A., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Leddy J., Lee S., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leichuer P., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., Lesnoj S., Letellier E., Leyland M., Leysen W., Li L., Liang Y., Likonen J., Linke J., Linsmeier Ch., Lipschultz B., Liu G., Liu Y., Lo Schiavo V. P., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R. C., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lonnroth J., Lopez J. M., Lopez-Razola J., Lorenzini R., Losada U., Lovell J. J., Loving A. B., Lowry C., Luce T., Lucock R. M. A., Lukin A., Luna C., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lungu M., Lunniss A., Lupelli I., Lyssoivan A., Macdonald N., Macheta P., Maczewa K., Magesh B., Maget P., Maggi C., Maier H., Mailloux J., Makkonen T., Makwana R., Malaquias A., Malizia A., Manas P., Manning A., Manso M. E., Mantica P., Mantsinen M., Manzanares A., Maquet Ph., Marandet Y., Marcenko N., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Marinelli M., Marinucci M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marren C. A., Marshal R., Martin A., Martin Y., De Aguilera A. M., Martinez F. J., Martin-Solis J. R., Martynova Y., Maruyama S., Masiello A., Maslov M., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. L., May-Smith T., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McCormack O., McCullen P. A., McDonald D., McIntosh S., McKean R., McKehon J., Meadows R. C., Meakins A., Medina F., Medland M., Medley S., Meigh S., Meigs A. G., Meisl G., Meitner S., Meneses L., Menmuir S., Mergia K., Merrigan I. R., Mertens Ph., Meshchaninov S., Messiaen A., Meyer H., Mianowski S., Michling R., Middleton-Gear D., Miettunen J., Militello F., Militello-Asp E., Miloshevsky G., Mink F., Minucci S., Miyoshi Y., Mlynar J., Molina D., Monakhov I., Moneti M., Mooney R., Moradi S., Mordijck S., Moreira L., Moreno R., Moro F., Morris A. W., Morris J., Moser L., Mosher S., Moulton D., Murari A., Muraro A., Murphy S., Asakura N. N., Na Y. S., Nabais F., Naish R., Nakano T., Nardon E., Naulin V., Nave M. F. F., Nedzelski I., Nemtsev G., Nespoli F., Neto A., Neu R., Neverov V. S., Newman M., Nicholls K. J., Nicolas T., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen P., Nilsson E., Nishijima D., Noble C., Nocente M., Nodwell D., Nordlund K., Nordman H., Nouailletas R., Nunes I., Oberkofer M., Odupitan T., Ogawa M. T., O'Gorman T., Okabayashi M., Olney R., Omolayo O., O'Mullane M., Ongena J., Orsitto F., Orszagh J., Oswuigwe B. I., Otin R., Owen A., Paccagnella R., Pace N., Pacella D., Packer L. W., Page A., Pajuste E., Palazzo S., Panja S., Papp P., Paprok R., Parail V., Park M., Diaz F. P., Parsons M., Pasqualotto R., Patel A., Pathak S., Paton D., Patten H., Pau A., Pawelec E., Soldan C. P., Peackoc A., Pearson I. J., Pehkonen S. -P., Peluso E., Penot C., Pereira A., Pereira R., Puglia P. P. P., Von Thun C. P., Peruzzo S., Peschanyi S., Peterka M., Petersson P., Petravich G., Petre A., Petrella N., Petrzilka V., Peysson Y., Pfefferle D., Philipps V., Pillon M., Pintsuk G., Piovesan P., Dos Reis A. P., Piron L., Pironti A., Pisano F., Pitts R., Pizzo F., Plyusnin V., Pomaro N., Pompilian O. G., Pool P. J., Popovichev S., Porfri M. T., Porosnicu C., Porton M., Possnert G., Potzel S., Powell T., Pozzi J., Prajapati V., Prakash R., Prestopino G., Price D., Price M., Price R., Prior P., Proudfoot R., Pucella G., Puglia P., Puiatti M. E., Pulley D., Purahoo K., Putterich Th., Rachlew E., Rack M., Ragona R., Rainford M. S. J., Rakha A., Ramogida G., Ranjan S., Rapson C. J., Rasmussen J. J., Rathod K., Ratta G., Ratynskaia S., Ravera G., Rayner C., Rebai M., Reece D., Reed A., Refy D., Regan B., Regana J., Reich M., Reid N., Reimold F., Reinhart M., Reinke M., Reiser D., Rendell D., Reux C., Cortes S. D. A. R., Reynolds S., Richardson N., Riddle K., Rigamonti D., Rimini F. G., Risner J., Riva M., Roach C., Robins R. J., Robinson S. A., Robinson T., Robson D. W., Roccella R., Rodionov R., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez J., Rohde V., Romanelli F., Romanelli M., Romanelli S., Romazanov J., Rowe S., Rubel M., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ruchko L., Ruiz M., Ruset C., Rzadkiewicz J., Saarelma S., Sabot R., Saf E., Sagar P., Saibene G., Saint-Laurent F., Salewski M., Salmi A., Salmon R., Salzedas F., Samaddar D., Samm U., Sandiford D., Santa P., Santala M. I. K., Santos B., Santucci A., Sartori F., Sartori R., Sauter O., Scannell R., Schlummer T., Schmid K., Schmidt V., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schopf K., Schworer D., Scott S. D., Sergienko G., Sertoli M., Shabbir A., Sharapov S. E., Shaw A., Shaw R., Sheikh H., Shepherd A., Shevelev A., Shumack A., Sias G., Sibbald M., Sieglin B., Silva A., Silva C., Simmons P. A., Simpson J., Simpson-Hutchinson J., Sinha A., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skiba M., Skilton R., Slabkowska K., Slade B., Smith N., Smith P. G., Smith R., Smith T. J., Smithies M., Snoj L., Soare S., Solano E. R., Somers A., Sommariva C., Sonato P., Sopplesa A., Sousa J., Sozzi C., Spagnolo S., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Stables G., Stamatelatos I., Stamp M. F., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stan-Sion C., Stead M. J., Stefanikova E., Stepanov I., Stephen A. V., Stephen M., Stevens A., Stevens B. D., Strachan J., Strand P., Strauss H. R., Strom P., Stubbs G., Studholme W., Subba F., Summers H. P., Svensson J., Swiderski L., Szabolics T., Szawlowski M., Szepesi G., Suzuki T. T., Tal B., Tala T., Talbot A. R., Talebzadeh S., Taliercio C., Tamain P., Tame C., Tang W., Tardocchi M., Taroni L., Taylor D., Taylor K. A., Tegnered D., Telesca G., Teplova N., Terranova D., Testa D., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thomas J. D., Thomas P., Thompson A., Thompson C. -A., Thompson V. K., Thorne L., Thornton A., Thrysoe A. S., Tigwell P. A., Tipton N., Tiseanu I., Tojo H., Tokitani M., Tolias P., Tomes M., Tonner P., Towndrow M., Trimble P., Tripsky M., Tsalas M., Tsavalas P., Jun D. T., Turner I., Turner M. M., Turnyanskiy M., Tvalashvili G., Tyrrell S. G. J., Uccello A., Ul-Abidin Z., Uljanovs J., Ulyatt D., Urano H., Uytdenhouwen I., Vadgama A. P., Valcarcel D., Valentinuzzi M., Valisa M., Olivares P. V., Valovic M., Van De Mortel M., Van Eester D., Van Renterghem W., Van Rooij G. J., Varje J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasava K., Vasilopoulou T., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhoeven R., Verona C., Rinati G. V., Veshchev E., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villari S., Villone F., Vincenzi P., Vinyar I., Viola B., Vitins A., Vizvary Z., Vlad M., Voitsekhovitch I., Vondracek P., Vora N., Vu T., De Sa W. W. P., Wakeling B., Waldon C. W. F., Walkden N., Walker M., Walker R., Walsh M., Wang E., Wang N., Warder S., Warren R. J., Waterhouse J., Watkins N. W., Watts C., Wauters T., Weckmann A., Weiland J., Weisen H., Weiszfog M., Wellstood C., West A. T., Wheatley M. R., Whetham S., Whitehead A. M., Whitehead B. D., Widdowson A. M., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J., Williams M., Wilson A. R., Wilson D. J., Wilson H. R., Wilson J., Wischmeier M., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D. M., Wood D., Wood R., Woodley C., Wray S., Wright J., Wright J. C., Wu J., Wukitch S., Wynn A., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yanling W., Yao L., Yavorskij V., Yoo M. G., Young C., Young D., Young I. D., Young R., Zacks J., Zagorski R., Zaitsev F. S., Zanino R., Zarins A., Zastrow K. D., Zerbini M., Zhang W., Zhou Y., Zilli E., Zoita V., Zoletnik S., and Zychor I.
Abstract: Parallel heat flux calculations at the JET divertor have been based on the assumption that all incoming heat is due to the projection of the heat flux parallel to the magnetic line, q∥, plus a constant background. This simplification led to inconsistencies during the analysis of a series of dedicated tungsten melting experiments performed in 2013, for which infrared (IR) thermography surface measurements could not be recreated through simulations unless the parallel heat flux was reduced by 80% for L-mode and 60% for H-mode. We give an explanation for these differences using a new IR inverse analysis code, a set of geometrical corrections, and most importantly an additional term for the divertor heat flux accounting for non-parallel effects such as cross-field transport, recycled neutrals or charge exchange. This component has been evaluated comparing four different geometries with impinging angles varying from 2 to 90. Its magnitude corresponds to 1.2%-1.9% of q∥, but because it is not affected by the magnetic projection, it accounts for up to 20%-30% of the tile surface heat flux. The geometrical corrections imply a further reduction of 24% of the measured heat flux. In addition, the application of the new inverse code increases the accuracy of the tile heat flux calculation, eliminating any previous discrepancy. The parallel heat flux computed with this new model is actually much lower than previously deduced by inverse analysis of IR temperatures-40% for L-mode and 50% for H-mode-while being independent of the geometry on which it is measured. This main result confirms the validity of the optical projection as long as a non-constant and non-parallel component is considered. For a given total heating power, the model predicts over 10% reduction of the maximum tile surface heat flux compared to strict optical modelling, as well as a 30% reduced sensitivity to manufacturing and assembling tolerances. These conclusions, along with the improvement in the predictabili
Published: 2018

39. Studies of dust from JET with the ITER-Like Wall: Composition and internal structure

Author: Alexander Lukin, Stefan Matejcik, Aleksandra Baron-Wiechec, Soare Sorin, Francesco Romanelli, Emilio Blanco, Justyna Grzonka, Elzbieta Fortuna-Zalesna, Lukasz Ciupinski, Anna Widdowson, Bohdan Bieg, Vladislav Plyusnin, José Vicente, Alberto Loarte, Rajnikant Makwana, CHIARA MARCHETTO, Marco Wischmeier, Choong-Seock Chang, Aneta Gójska, Manuel Garcia-munoz, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, and Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada
Subjects: Cladding (metalworking), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Tungsten, 01 natural sciences, Focused ion beam, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Material mixing, Subatomär fysik, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, 0103 physical sciences, Subatomic Physics, Forensic engineering, Composite material, 010306 general physics, Inconel, Jet (fluid), Range (particle radiation), ITER-like wall, Divertor, Dust, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, lcsh:TK9001-9401, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, JET, lcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Beryllium
Abstract: Results are presented for the dust survey performed at JET after the second experimental campaign with the ITER-Like Wall: 2013-2014. Samples were collected on adhesive stickers from several different positions in the divertor both on the tiles and on the divertor carrier. Brittle dust-forming deposits on test mirrors from the inner divertor wall were also studied. Comprehensive characterization accomplished by a wide range of high-resolution microscopy techniques, including focused ion beam, has led to the identification of several classes of particles: (i) beryllium flakes originating either from the Be coatings from the inner wall cladding or Be-rich mixed co-deposits resulting from material migration; (ii) beryllium droplets and splashes; (iii) tungsten and nickel-rich (from Inconel) droplets; (iv) mixed material layers with a various content of small (8-200 nm) W-Mo and Ni-based debris. A significant content of nitrogen from plasma edge cooling has been identified in all types of co-deposits. A comparison between particles collected after the first and second experimental campaign is also presented and discussed. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2016.11.027
Published: 2017

40. Impact of the JET ITER-like wall on H-mode plasma fueling

Subjects: H-mode, ta114, ITER-like wall, JET, integrated modelling, plasma-wall interaction, pedestal fuelling
Published: 2017

41. Fuel inventory and deposition in castellated structures in JET-ILW

Author: Alexander Lukin, Eduardo Alves, Stefan Matejcik, Soare Sorin, Francesco Romanelli, Ionut Jepu, Dmitry Matveev, Sebastijan Brezinsek, Anna Widdowson, Bohdan Bieg, Vladislav Plyusnin, José Vicente, Alberto Loarte, Axel Jardin, Andreas Kirschner, Corneliu POROSNICU, Rajnikant Makwana, CHIARA MARCHETTO, William Tang, Choong-Seock Chang, Manuel Garcia-munoz, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, and Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, Intermetallics, Tokamak devices, X ray diffraction, Nuclear engineering, castellation, chemistry.chemical_element, Tungsten, 01 natural sciences, deposition, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Thermomechanical properties, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Fusion reactor divertors, Fuel inventories, law, 0103 physical sciences, Jets, Morphology of surfaces, Limiter, Plasma-facing components, fuel inventory, Fighter aircraft, Magnetoplasma, 010306 general physics, Experimental campaign, Facings, Jet (fluid), ITER-like wall, Divertor, beryllium limiters, Condensed Matter Physics, Deuterium, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, Carbon, chemistry, JET, Erosion, Tungsten compounds, Beryllium, Deposition (chemistry), Plasma facing surfaces
Abstract: Since 2011 the JET tokamak has been operated with a metal ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) including castellated beryllium limiters and lamellae-type bulk tungsten tiles in the divertor. This has allowed for a large scale test of castellated plasma-facing components (PFC). Procedures for sectioning the limiters into single blocks of castellation have been developed. This facilitated morphology studies of morphology of surfaces inside the grooves for limiters after experimental campaigns 2011–2012 and 2013–2014. The deposition in the 0.4–0.5mm wide grooves of the castellation is ‘shallow’. It reaches 1–2mm into the 12mm deep gap. Deuterium concentrations are small (mostly below 1 × 1018 cm−2 ). The estimated total amount of deuterium in all the castellated limiters does not exceed the inventory of the plasma-facing surfaces (PFS) of the limiters. There are only traces of Ni, Cr and Fe deposited in the castellation gaps. The same applies to the carbon content. Also low deposition of D, Be and C has been measured on the sides of the bulk tungsten lamellae pieces. Modelling clearly reflects: (a) a sharp decrease in the measured deposition profiles and (b) an increase in deposition with the gap width. Both experimental and modelling data give a strong indication and information to ITER that narrow gaps in the castellated PFC are essential. X-ray diffraction on PFS has clearly shown two distinct composition patterns: Be with an admixture of Be–W intermetallic compounds (e.g. Be22W) in the deposition zone, whilst only pure Be has been detected in the erosion zone. The lack of compound formation in the erosion zone indicates that no distinct changes in the thermo-mechanical properties of the Be PFC might be expected. EURATOM 633053 Swedish Research Council (VR) 2015–04844
Published: 2017

42. Impact of the JET ITER-like wall on H-mode plasma fueling

Author: Wiesen, S., Brezinsek, S., Wischmeier, M., De La Luna, E, Groth, M., Jaervinen, A. E., de la Cal, E., Losada, U., Martin de Aguilera, A., Frassinetti, L, Gao, Y., Guillemaut, C., Harting, D., Meigs, A, Schmid, K, Sergienko, G., JET Contributors, Culham Science Centre, Jülich Research Centre, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, CIEMAT, Department of Applied Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Instituto Superior Tecnico Lisboa, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
Subjects: H-mode, ITER-like wall, JET, integrated modelling, ddc:530, plasma-wall interaction, pedestal fuelling
Abstract: JET ITER-like wall (ILW) experiments show that the edge density evolution is strongly linked with the poloidal distribution of the ionization source. The fueling profile in the JET-ILW is more delocalized as compared to JET-C (JET with carbon-based plasma-facing components PFCs). Compared to JET-C the H-mode pedestal fueling cycle is dynamically influenced by a combination of plasma-wall interaction features, in particular: (1) edge-localized modes (ELMs) induced energetic particles are kinetically reflected on W divertor PFCs leading to distributed refueling away from the divertor depending on the divertor plasma configuration, (2) delayed molecular re-emission and outgassing of particles being trapped in W PFCs (bulk-W at the high field side and W-coated CFCs at the low field side) with different fuel content and (3) outgassing from Be co-deposits located on top of the high-field side baffle region shortly after the ELM. In view of the results of a set of well diagnosed series of JET-ILW type-I ELMy H-mode discharges with good statistics, the aforementioned effects are discussed in view of H-mode pedestal fueling capacity. The ongoing modelling activities with the focus on coupled core-edge plasma simulations and plasma-wall interaction are described and discussed also in view of possible code improvements required.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. Assessment of erosion, deposition and fuel retention in the JET-ILW divertor from ion beam analysis data

Author: Catarino, N., Barradas, N. P., Corregidor, V., Widdowson, A., Baron-Wiechec, A., Coad, J. P., Heinola, K., Rubel, M., Alves, E., Abhangi, M., Abreu, P., Aftanas, M., Afzal, M., Aggarwal, K. M., Aho-Mantila, L., Ahonen, E., Aints, M., Airila, M., Albanese, R., Alegre, D., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Alfier, A., Alkseev, A., Allan, P., Almaviva, S., Alonso, A., Alper, B., Alsworth, I., Alves, D., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amosov, V., Andersson, F., Andersson Sunden, E., Angelone, M., Anghel, A., Anghel, M., Angioni, C., Appel, L., Apruzzese, G., Arena, P., Ariola, M., Arnich, Arnoux, G., Arshad, S., Ash, A., Asp, E., Asunta, O., Atanasiu, C. V., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Axton, M. D., Ayres, C., Bachmann, C., Baciero, A., Baiao, D., Bailescu, V., Baiocchi, B., Baker, A., Baker, R. A., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, N., Bament, R., Banks, J. W., Baranov, Y. F., Barlow, I. L., Barnard, M. A., Barnes, D., Barnsley, R., Baron Wiechec, A., Baruzzo, M., Basiuk, V., Bassan, M., Bastow, R., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Bauer, R., Bauvir, B., Bazylev, B., Beal, J., Beaumont, P. S., Becoulet, A., Bednarczyk, P., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bell, K., Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Belo, J. K., Belo, P., Belonohy, E., Benterman, N. A., Bergsaker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Beurskens, M. N. A., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Biewer, T., Bigi, M., Bilkova, P., Binda, F., Bizarro, J. P. S., Bjorkas, C., Blackman, K., Blackman, T. R., Blanchard, P., Blanco, E., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bodnar, G., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Bonham, R., Bonheure, G., Boom, J., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Botrugno, A., Boulbe, C., Boulting, P., Bovert, K. V., Bowden, M., Bower, C., Boyce, T., Boyer, H. J., Bradshaw, J. M. A., Braic, V., Breizman, B., Bremond, S., Brennan, P. D., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Bright, M. D. J., Brix, M., Broeckx, W., Brombin, M., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. P. D., Brown, M., Bruno, E., Bucalossi, J., Buch, J., Buckley, M. A., Bucko, K., Budny, R., Buffer, Bulman, M., Bulmer, N., Bunting, P., Buratti, P., Burcea, G., Burckhart, A., Buscarino, A., Butcher, P. R., Butler, N. K., Bykov, I., Byrne, J., Byszuk, A., Cackett, A., Cahyna, P., Cain, G., Calabro, G., Callaghan, C. P., Campling, D. C., Cane, J., Cannas, B., Capel, A. J., Caputano, M., Card, P. J., Cardinali, A., Carman, P., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B. B., Carvalho, I., Carvalho, P., Casson, F. J., Castaldo, C., Cavazzana, R., Cavinato, M., Cazzaniga, A., Cecconello, M., Cecil, E., Cenedese, A., Centioli, C., Cesario, R., Challis, C. D., ler, M., ra, D., Chang, C. S., Chankin, A., Chapman, I. T., Chapman, S. C., Chernyshova, M., Chiru, P., Chitarin, G., Chouli, B., Chung, N., Ciraolo, G., Ciric, D., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Clark, E., Clatworthy, D., Clay, R., Clever, M., Coates, P. A., Coccorese, V., Cocilovo, V., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Coffey, I., Colas, L., Collins, S., Conboy, J. E., Conroy, S., Cook, N., Coombs, D., Cooper, D., Cooper, S. R., Corre, Y., Corrigan, G., Cortes, S., Coster, D., Couchman, A. S., Cox, M., Cox, M. P., Cox, P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crisanti, F., Cristescu, I., Croci, G., Croft, O., Crombe, K., Crowe, R., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Cull, K., Cupido, L., Curran, D., Curuia, M., Czarnecka, A., Czarski, T., Dalley, S., Dalziel, A., Darrow, D., Davies, R., Davis, W., Day, C., Day, I. E., de la Cal, E., de la Luna, E., De Magistris, M., de Pablos, J. L., De Tommasi, G., de Vries, P. C., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Decker, J., Degli Agostini, F., Dejarnac, R., Delabie, E., den Harder, N., Dendy, R. O., Denner, P., Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Di Maio, F., Di Pace, L., Dittmar, T., Dodt, D., Donne, T., Dooley, P., Dorling, S. E., Dormido-Canto, S., Doswon, S., Douai, D., Doyle, P. T., Dreischuh, T., Drewelow, P., Drozdov, V., Drozdowicz, K., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dutta, P., Duval, B., Dux, R., Dylst, K., Dzysiuk, N., Edappala, P. V., Edwards, A. M., Eich, Th., Ekedahl, A., Elevant, T., El-Jorf, R., Elsmore, C. G., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, A., Eriksson, J., Eriksson, L. G., Esposito, B., Esser, H. G., Esteve, D., Evans, G. E., Evans, J., Ewart, G. D., Ewers, D. T., Fagan, D., Falie, D., Farthing, J. W., Fasoli, A., Fattorini, L., Faugeras, B., Faustin, J., Fawlk, N., Federici, G., Fedorczak, N., Felton, R. C., Fenzi, C., Fernades, A., Fern, es, H., Ferreira, J., Fessey, J. A., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Fil, A., Finburg, P., Firdaouss, M., Fischer, U., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Fleming, C., Flinders, K., Formisano, A., Forsythe, L., Fortuna, L., Fortune, M., Frasca, M., Frassinetti, L., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Frigione, D., Fuchs, V., Fyvie, J., Gadomska, M., Gal, K., Galperti, C., Galvao, R., Gao, X., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardner, M., Garzotti, L., Gaudio, P., Gauthier, E., Gaze, J. W., Gear, D. F., Gee, S. J., Gelfusa, M., Genangeli, E., Gerasimov, S., Gervasini, G., Ghate, M., Gherendi, M., Giacalone, J. C., Giacomelli, L., Gibson, C. S., Giegerich, T., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Girardo, J. B., Giroud, C., Giruzzi, G., Gleason-Gonzalez, C., Godwin, J., Gohil, P., Gojska, A., Goloborod'ko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Gonzalez, S., Goodsell, B., Goodyear, A., Gorini, G., Goussarov, A., Graham, B., Graham, M. E., Graves, J., Grazier, N., Green, N. R., Greuner, H., Grigore, E., Griph, F. S., Grisolia, C., Grist, D., Groth, M., Grundy, C. N., Gryaznevich, M., Guard, D., Gubb, D., Guillemaut, C., Guo, Y., Utoh, H. H., Hackett, L. J., Hacquin, S., Hagar, A., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Hall, S. J., Hallworth Cook, S. P., Hammond, K., Hart, J., Harting, D., Hartmann, N., Haupt, T. D. V., Hawkes, N. C., Hawkins, J., Haydon, P. W., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P. J. L., Hellesen, C., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Hemming, O. N., Hender, T. C., Henderson, M., Henriques, R., Hepple, D., Hermon, G., Hidalgo, C., Highcock, E. G., Hill, J. W., Hill, M., Hillairet, J., Hillesheim, J., Hillis, D., Hjalmarsson, A., Hobirk, J., Hogben, C. H. A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Homfray, D. A., Horacek, J., Horton, A. R., Horton, L. D., Hotchin, S. P., Hough, M. R., Howarth, P. J., Huber, A., Huddleston, T. M., Hughes, M., Hunter, C. L., Hurzlmeier, H., Huygen, S., Huynh, P., Igitkhanov, J., Iglesias, D., Imrisek, M., Ivanova, D., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Ivings, E., Jachmich, S., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowska, K., James, J., Janky, F., Jarvinen, A., Jaulmes, F., Jednorog, S., Jenkins, C., Jenkins, I., Jesko, K., Joffrin, E., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Joita, L., Jones, G., Jones, T. T. C., Joyce, L., Jupen, C., Hoshino, K. K., Kallenbach, A., Kalupin, D., Kamiya, K., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Karhunen, J., Kasprowicz, G., Kaveney, G., Kazakov, Y., Keeling, D. L., Keep, J., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kenny, D., Khilkevich, E., Kiisk, M., Kim, H. -T., Kim, H. S., King, C., King, D., King, R. F., Kinna, D. J., Kiptily, V., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kizane, G., Klepper, C., Knaup, M., Knipe, S. J., Kobuchi, T., Kochl, F., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Koivuranta, S., Koppen, M., Koskela, T., Koslowski, H. R., Kotov, V., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kreter, A., Krieger, K., Krivchenkov, Y., Krivska, A., Kruezi, U., Ksiazek, I., Kukushkin, A., Kundu, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwon, O. T., Kyrytsya, V., Laan, M., Labate, C., Laguardia, L., Lam, N., Lane, C., Lang, P. T., Lapins, J., Lasa, A., Last, J. R., Lawson, A., Lawson, K. D., Lazaros, A., Lazzaro, E., Lee, S., Leggate, H. J., Lehnen, M., Leichtle, D., Leichuer, P., Leipold, F., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Lerche, E., Leyl, Leysen, W., Liang, Y., Likonen, J., Lindholm, V., Linke, J., Linsmeier, Ch., Lipschultz, B., Litaudon, X., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Lo Schiavo, V. P., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R. C., Lohr, N., Lomas, P. J., Lonnroth, J., Lopez, J., Lopez, J. M., Louche, F., Loving, A. B., Lowbridge, S., Lowry, C., Luce, T., Lucock, R. M. A., Lukin, A., Lungu, A. M., Lungu, C. P., Lupelli, I., Lyssoivan, A., Macheta, P., Mackenzie, A. S., Maddaluno, G., Maddison, G. P., Magesh, B., Maget, P., Maggi, C. F., Maier, H., Mailloux, J., Maj, A., Makkonen, T., Makwana, R., Malaquias, A., Mansffield, F., Mansfield, M., Manso, M. E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manzanares, A., Mar, et, Y., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Marchuk, O., Marinelli, M., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marot, L., Marren, C. A., Marsen, S., Marshal, R., Martin, A., Martin, D. L., Martin, Y., Martin de Aguilera, A., Martin-Solis, J. R., Masiello, A., Maslov, M., Maslova, V., Matejcik, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G. F., Matveev, D., Matveev, M., Maviglia, F., Mayer, M., Mayoral, M. -L., Mazon, D., Mazzotta, C., McAdams, R., McCarthy, P. J., McClements, K. G., McCormick, K., McCullen, P. A., McDonald, D., Mcgregor, R., McKean, R., McKehon, J., McKinley, R., Meadows, I., Meadows, R. C., Medina, F., Medl, Medley, S., Meigh, S., Meigs, A. G., Meneses, L., Menmuir, S., Merrigan, I. R., Mertens, Ph., Meshchaninov, S., Messiaen, A., Meszaros, B., Meyer, H., Miano, G., Michling, R., Middleton-Gear, D., Miettunen, J., Migliucci, P., Militello-Asp, E., Minucci, S., Mirizzi, F., Miyoshi, Y., Mlynar, J., Monakhov, I., Monier-Garbet, P., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Mordijck, S., Moreira, L., Moreno, R., Morgan, P. D., Morgan, R., Morley, L., Morlock, C., Morris, A. W., Morris, J., Moser, L., Moulton, D., Murari, A., Muraro, A., Mustata, I., Asakura, N. N., Nabais, F., Nakano, T., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nave, M. F. F., Nedzelski, I., Neethiraj, N., Nemtsev, G., Nespoli, F., Neto, A., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Newman, M., Nicholls, K. J., Nicolai, D., Nicolas, T., Nieckchen, P., Nielsen, P., Nightingale, M. P. S., Nilsson, E., Nishijima, D., Noble, C., Nocente, M., Nodwell, D., Nordman, H., Nunes, I., O'Meara, B., Oberkofler, M., Obryk, B., Odupitan, T., Ogawa, M. T., O'Gorman, T., Okabayashi, M., Olariu, S., O'Mullane, M., Ongena, J., Orsitto, F., Oswuigwe, B. I., Pace, N., Pacella, D., Page, A., Paget, A., Pagett, D., Pajuste, E., Palazzo, S., Pamela, J., Pamela, S., Panin, A., Panja, S., Papp, P., Parail, V., Paris, P., Parish, S. C. W., Park, M., Parsloe, A., Pasqualotto, R., Pearson, I. J., Pedrosa, M. A., Pereira, R., Perelli Cippo, E., Perez von Thun, Ch., Perez-Von-Thun, C., Pericoli-Ridolfini, V., Perona, A., Peruzzo, S., Peschanyi, S., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petravich, G., Petrzilka, V., Pfefferle, D., Philipps, V., Pietropaolo, A., Pillon, M., Pintsuk, G., Piovesan, P., Pires dos Reis, A., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pitts, R., Plusczyk, C., Plyusnin, V., Pomaro, N., Pompilian, O., Pool, P. J., Popovichev, S., Porcelli, F., Porosnicu, C., Porton, M., Pospieszczyk, A., Possnert, G., Potzel, S., Powell, T., Pozniak, K., Pozzi, J., Prajapati, V., Prakash, R., Prestopino, G., Price, D., Price, R., Prior, P., Prokopowicz, R., Proudfoot, R., Puglia, P., Puiatti, M. E., Pulley, D., Purahoo, K., Putterich, T., Quercia, A., Rachlew, E., Rack, M., Raeder, J., Rainford, M. S. J., Ramogida, G., Ranjan, S., Rasmussen, J., Rasmussen, J. J., Rathod, K., Ratta, G., Rayner, C., Rebai, M., Reece, D., Reed, A., Refy, D., Regan, B., Regana, J., Reich, M., Reid, P., Reinelt, M., Reinke, M. L., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Reiter, D., Rendell, D., Reux, C., Riccardo, V., Rimini, F. G., Riva, M., Roberts, J. E. C., Robins, R. J., Robinson, S. A., Robinson, T., Robson, D. W., Roddick, P., Rodionov, R., Rohde, V., Romanelli, F., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romano, A., Rowe, D., Rowe, S., Rowley, A., Rubinacci, G., Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruset, C., Ryc, L., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Sadakov, S., Safi, E., Sagar, P., Saibene, G., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Salzedas, F., Samm, U., S, iford, D., quist, P., Santa, P., Santala, M. I. K., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Saunders, R., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scarabosio, A., Schlummer, T., Schmidt, V., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Scholz, M., Schopf, K., Schweer, B., Sergienko, G., Serikov, A., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Shannon, M., Shannon, M. M. J., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, I., Shaw, S. R., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shumack, A., Sibbald, M., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Simmons, P. A., Sinha, A., Sipila, S. K., Sips, A. C. C., Siren, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjostr, Skiba, M., Skilton, R., Slade, B., Smith, N., Smith, P. G., Smith, T. J., Snoj, L., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Soldatov, S., Sonato, P., Sopplesa, A., Sousa, J., Sowden, C. B. C., Sozzi, C., Sparkes, A., Spelzini, T., Spineanu, F., Stables, G., Stamatelatos, I., Stamp, M. F., Stancalie, V., Stankiewicz, R., Stankunas, G., Stano, M., Stan-Sion, C., Starkey, D. E., Stead, M. J., Stejner, M., Stephen, A. V., Stephen, M., Stevens, B. D., Stoyanov, D., Strachan, J., Str, Stransky, M., Strom, P., Stubbs, G., Studholme, W., Subba, F., Summers, H. P., Sun, Y., Svensson, J., Sykes, N., Syme, B. D., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, G., Szydlowski, A., Suzuki, T. T., Tabares, F., Takalo, V., Tal, B., Tala, T., Talbot, A. R., Taliercio, C., Tamain, P., Tame, C., Tardocchi, M., Taroni, L., Taylor, K. A., Telesca, G., Teplova, N., Terra, A., Testa, D., Teuchner, B., Tholerus, S., Thomas, F., Thomas, J. D., Thomas, P., Thompson, A., Thompson, C. -A., Thompson, V. K., Thomson, L., Thorne, L., Tigwell, P. A., Tipton, N., Tiseanu, I., Tojo, H., Tokar, M. Z., Tomes, M., Tonner, P., Tosti, S., Towndrow, M., Trimble, P., Tripsky, M., Tsalas, M., Tsitrone, E., Tskhakaya jun, D., Tudisco, O., Turner, I., Turner, M. M., Turnyanskiy, M., Tvalashvili, G., Tyrrell, S. G. J., Ul-Abidin, Z., Ulyatt, D., Unterberg, B., Urano, H., Uytdenhouwen, I., Vadgama, A. P., Valcarcel, D., Valisa, M., Valovic, M., Van Eester, D., Van Renterghem, W., van Rooij, G. J., Var, as, C. A. F., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vasava, K., Vdovin, V., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhoeven, R., Verona, C., Vervier, M., Veshchev, E., Vezinet, D., Vicente, J., Villari, S., Villone, F., Vinyar, I., Viola, B., Vitelli, R., Vitins, A., Vlad, M., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondracek, P., Vrancken, M., Pires de Sa, W. W., Waldon, C. W. F., Walker, M., Walsh, M., Warren, R. J., Waterhouse, J., Watkins, N. W., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Way, M. W., Webster, A., Weckmann, A., Weil, Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wenninger, R., West, A. T., Wheatley, M. R., Whetham, S., Whitehead, A. M., Whitehead, B. D., Whittington, P., Widdowson, A. M., Wiesen, S., Wilkes, D., Wilkinson, J., Williams, M., Wilson, A. R., Wilson, D. J., Wilson, H. R., Wischmeier, M., Withenshaw, G., Witts, D. M., Wojciech, D., Wojenski, A., Wood, D., Wood, S., Woodley, C., Woznicka, U., Wright, J., Wu, J., Yao, L., Yapp, D., Yavorskij, V., Yoo, M. G., Yorkshades, J., Young, C., Young, D., Young, I. D., Zabolotny, W., Zacks, J., Zagorski, R., Zaitsev, F. S., Zanino, R., Zaroschi, V., Zastrow, K. D., Zeidner, W., Ziolkowski, A., Zoita, V., Zoletnik, S., Zychor, I., JET Contributors, Catarino, N., Barradas, N. P., Corregidor, V., Widdowson, A., Baron-Wiechec, A., Coad, J. P., Heinola, K., Rubel, M., Alves, E., Abhangi, M., Abreu, P., Aftanas, M., Afzal, M., Aggarwal, K. M., Aho-Mantila, L., Ahonen, E., Aints, M., Airila, M., Albanese, R., Alegre, D., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Alfier, A., Alkseev, A., Allan, P., Almaviva, S., Alonso, A., Alper, B., Alsworth, I., Alves, D., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amosov, V., Andersson, F., Andersson Sunden, E., Angelone, M., Anghel, A., Anghel, M., Angioni, C., Appel, L., Apruzzese, G., Arena, P., Ariola, M., Arnich, Arnoux, G., Arshad, S., Ash, A., Asp, E., Asunta, O., Atanasiu, C. V., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Axton, M. D., Ayres, C., Bachmann, C., Baciero, A., Baiao, D., Bailescu, V., Baiocchi, B., Baker, A., Baker, R. A., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, N., Bament, R., Banks, J. W., Baranov, Y. F., Barlow, I. L., Barnard, M. A., Barnes, D., Barnsley, R., Baron Wiechec, A., Baruzzo, M., Basiuk, V., Bassan, M., Bastow, R., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Bauer, R., Bauvir, B., Bazylev, B., Beal, J., Beaumont, P. S., Becoulet, A., Bednarczyk, P., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bell, K., Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Belo, J. K., Belo, P., Belonohy, E., Benterman, N. A., Bergsaker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Beurskens, M. N. A., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Biewer, T., Bigi, M., Bilkova, P., Binda, F., Bizarro, J. P. S., Bjorkas, C., Blackman, K., Blackman, T. R., Blanchard, P., Blanco, E., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bodnar, G., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Bonham, R., Bonheure, G., Boom, J., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Botrugno, A., Boulbe, C., Boulting, P., Bovert, K. V., Bowden, M., Bower, C., Boyce, T., Boyer, H. J., Bradshaw, J. M. A., Braic, V., Breizman, B., Bremond, S., Brennan, P. D., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Bright, M. D. J., Brix, M., Broeckx, W., Brombin, M., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. P. D., Brown, M., Bruno, E., Bucalossi, J., Buch, J., Buckley, M. A., Bucko, K., Budny, R., Buffer, Bulman, M., Bulmer, N., Bunting, P., Buratti, P., Burcea, G., Burckhart, A., Buscarino, A., Butcher, P. R., Butler, N. K., Bykov, I., Byrne, J., Byszuk, A., Cackett, A., Cahyna, P., Cain, G., Calabro, G., Callaghan, C. P., Campling, D. C., Cane, J., Cannas, B., Capel, A. J., Caputano, M., Card, P. J., Cardinali, A., Carman, P., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, B. B., Carvalho, I., Carvalho, P., Casson, F. J., Castaldo, C., Cavazzana, R., Cavinato, M., Cazzaniga, A., Cecconello, M., Cecil, E., Cenedese, A., Centioli, C., Cesario, R., Challis, C. D., Ch, Ler, M., Ra, D., Chang, C. S., Chankin, A., Chapman, I. T., Chapman, S. C., Chernyshova, M., Chiru, P., Chitarin, G., Chouli, B., Chung, N., Ciraolo, G., Ciric, D., Citrin, J., Clairet, F., Clark, E., Clatworthy, D., Clay, R., Clever, M., Coates, P. A., Coccorese, V., Cocilovo, V., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Coffey, I., Colas, L., Collins, S., Conboy, J. E., Conroy, S., Cook, N., Coombs, D., Cooper, D., Cooper, S. R., Corre, Y., Corrigan, G., Cortes, S., Coster, D., Couchman, A. S., Cox, M., Cox, M. P., Cox, P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crisanti, F., Cristescu, I., Croci, G., Croft, O., Crombe, K., Crowe, R., Cruz, N., Cseh, G., Cull, K., Cupido, L., Curran, D., Curuia, M., Czarnecka, A., Czarski, T., Dalley, S., Dalziel, A., Darrow, D., Davies, R., Davis, W., Day, C., Day, I. E., de la Cal, E., de la Luna, E., De Magistris, M., de Pablos, J. L., De Tommasi, G., de Vries, P. C., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Decker, J., Degli Agostini, F., Dejarnac, R., Delabie, E., den Harder, N., Dendy, R. O., Denner, P., Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Di Maio, F., Di Pace, L., Dittmar, T., Dodt, D., Donne, T., Dooley, P., Dorling, S. E., Dormido-Canto, S., Doswon, S., Douai, D., Doyle, P. T., Dreischuh, T., Drewelow, P., Drozdov, V., Drozdowicz, K., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Dunne, M., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dutta, P., Duval, B., Dux, R., Dylst, K., Dzysiuk, N., Edappala, P. V., Edwards, A. M., Eich, Th., Ekedahl, A., Elevant, T., El-Jorf, R., Elsmore, C. G., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, A., Eriksson, J., Eriksson, L. G., Esposito, B., Esser, H. G., Esteve, D., Evans, G. E., Evans, J., Ewart, G. D., Ewers, D. T., Fagan, D., Falie, D., Farthing, J. W., Fasoli, A., Fattorini, L., Faugeras, B., Faustin, J., Fawlk, N., Federici, G., Fedorczak, N., Felton, R. C., Fenzi, C., Fernades, A., Fern, Es, H., Ferreira, J., Fessey, J. A., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Fil, A., Finburg, P., Firdaouss, M., Fischer, U., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Fleming, C., Flinders, K., Formisano, A., Forsythe, L., Fortuna, L., Fortune, M., Frasca, M., Frassinetti, L., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Frigione, D., Fuchs, V., Fyvie, J., Gadomska, M., Gal, K., Galperti, C., Galvao, R., Gao, X., Garavaglia, S., Garcia, J., Garcia-Carrasco, A., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardner, M., Garzotti, L., Gaudio, P., Gauthier, E., Gaze, J. W., Gear, D. F., Gee, S. J., Gelfusa, M., Genangeli, E., Gerasimov, S., Gervasini, G., Ghate, M., Gherendi, M., Giacalone, J. C., Giacomelli, L., Gibson, C. S., Giegerich, T., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Girardo, J. B., Giroud, C., Giruzzi, G., Gleason-Gonzalez, C., Godwin, J., Gohil, P., Gojska, A., Goloborod'Ko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Gonzalez, S., Goodsell, B., Goodyear, A., Gorini, G., Goussarov, A., Graham, B., Graham, M. E., Graves, J., Grazier, N., Green, N. R., Greuner, H., Grigore, E., Griph, F. S., Grisolia, C., Grist, D., Groth, M., Grundy, C. N., Gryaznevich, M., Guard, D., Gubb, D., Guillemaut, C., Guo, Y., Utoh, H. H., Hackett, L. J., Hacquin, S., Hagar, A., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Hall, S. J., Hallworth Cook, S. P., Hammond, K., Hart, J., Harting, D., Hartmann, N., Haupt, T. D. V., Hawkes, N. C., Hawkins, J., Haydon, P. W., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P. J. L., Hellesen, C., Hellsten, T., Helou, W., Hemming, O. N., Hender, T. C., Henderson, M., Henriques, R., Hepple, D., Hermon, G., Hidalgo, C., Highcock, E. G., Hill, J. W., Hill, M., Hillairet, J., Hillesheim, J., Hillis, D., Hjalmarsson, A., Hobirk, J., Hogben, C. H. A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Homfray, D. A., Horacek, J., Horton, A. R., Horton, L. D., Hotchin, S. P., Hough, M. R., Howarth, P. J., Huber, A., Huddleston, T. M., Hughes, M., Hunter, C. L., Hurzlmeier, H., Huygen, S., Huynh, P., Igitkhanov, J., Iglesias, D., Imrisek, M., Ivanova, D., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Ivings, E., Jachmich, S., Jacobsen, A. S., Jacquet, P., Jakubowska, K., James, J., Janky, F., Jarvinen, A., Jaulmes, F., Jednorog, S., Jenkins, C., Jenkins, I., Jesko, K., Joffrin, E., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Joita, L., Jones, G., Jones, T. T. C., Joyce, L., Jupen, C., Hoshino, K. K., Kallenbach, A., Kalupin, D., Kamiya, K., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Karhunen, J., Kasprowicz, G., Kaveney, G., Kazakov, Y., Keeling, D. L., Keep, J., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kenny, D., Khilkevich, E., Kiisk, M., Kim, H. -T., Kim, H. S., King, C., King, D., King, R. F., Kinna, D. J., Kiptily, V., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kizane, G., Klepper, C., Knaup, M., Knipe, S. J., Kobuchi, T., Kochl, F., Kocsis, G., Kogut, D., Koivuranta, S., Koppen, M., Koskela, T., Koslowski, H. R., Kotov, V., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kreter, A., Krieger, K., Krivchenkov, Y., Krivska, A., Kruezi, U., Ksiazek, I., Kukushkin, A., Kundu, A., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kwon, O. T., Kyrytsya, V., Laan, M., Labate, C., Laguardia, L., Lam, N., Lane, C., Lang, P. T., Lapins, J., Lasa, A., Last, J. R., Lawson, A., Lawson, K. D., Lazaros, A., Lazzaro, E., Lee, S., Leggate, H. J., Lehnen, M., Leichtle, D., Leichuer, P., Leipold, F., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Lerche, E., Leyl, Leysen, W., Liang, Y., Likonen, J., Lindholm, V., Linke, J., Linsmeier, Ch., Lipschultz, B., Litaudon, X., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Lo Schiavo, V. P., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R. C., Lohr, N., Lomas, P. J., Lonnroth, J., Lopez, J., Lopez, J. M., Louche, F., Loving, A. B., Lowbridge, S., Lowry, C., Luce, T., Lucock, R. M. A., Lukin, A., Lungu, A. M., Lungu, C. P., Lupelli, I., Lyssoivan, A., Macheta, P., Mackenzie, A. S., Maddaluno, G., Maddison, G. P., Magesh, B., Maget, P., Maggi, C. F., Maier, H., Mailloux, J., Maj, A., Makkonen, T., Makwana, R., Malaquias, A., Mansffield, F., Mansfield, M., Manso, M. E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manzanares, A., Mar, Et, Y., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Marchuk, O., Marinelli, M., Marinucci, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marot, L., Marren, C. A., Marsen, S., Marshal, R., Martin, A., Martin, D. L., Martin, Y., Martin de Aguilera, A., Martin-Solis, J. R., Masiello, A., Maslov, M., Maslova, V., Matejcik, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G. F., Matveev, D., Matveev, M., Maviglia, F., Mayer, M., Mayoral, M. -L., Mazon, D., Mazzotta, C., Mcadams, R., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcclements, K. G., Mccormick, K., Mccullen, P. A., Mcdonald, D., Mcgregor, R., Mckean, R., Mckehon, J., Mckinley, R., Meadows, I., Meadows, R. C., Medina, F., Medl, Medley, S., Meigh, S., Meigs, A. G., Meneses, L., Menmuir, S., Merrigan, I. R., Mertens, Ph., Meshchaninov, S., Messiaen, A., Meszaros, B., Meyer, H., Miano, G., Michling, R., Middleton-Gear, D., Miettunen, J., Migliucci, P., Militello-Asp, E., Minucci, S., Mirizzi, F., Miyoshi, Y., Mlynar, J., Monakhov, I., Monier-Garbet, P., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Mordijck, S., Moreira, L., Moreno, R., Morgan, P. D., Morgan, R., Morley, L., Morlock, C., Morris, A. W., Morris, J., Moser, L., Moulton, D., Murari, A., Muraro, A., Mustata, I., Asakura, N. N., Nabais, F., Nakano, T., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nave, M. F. F., Nedzelski, I., Neethiraj, N., Nemtsev, G., Nespoli, F., Neto, A., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Newman, M., Nicholls, K. J., Nicolai, D., Nicolas, T., Nieckchen, P., Nielsen, P., Nightingale, M. P. S., Nilsson, E., Nishijima, D., Noble, C., Nocente, M., Nodwell, D., Nordman, H., Nunes, I., O'Meara, B., Oberkofler, M., Obryk, B., Odupitan, T., Ogawa, M. T., O'Gorman, T., Okabayashi, M., Olariu, S., O'Mullane, M., Ongena, J., Orsitto, F., Oswuigwe, B. I., Pace, N., Pacella, D., Page, A., Paget, A., Pagett, D., Pajuste, E., Palazzo, S., Pamela, J., Pamela, S., Panin, A., Panja, S., Papp, P., Parail, V., Paris, P., Parish, S. C. W., Park, M., Parsloe, A., Pasqualotto, R., Pearson, I. J., Pedrosa, M. A., Pereira, R., Perelli Cippo, E., Perez von Thun, Ch., Perez-Von-Thun, C., Pericoli-Ridolfini, V., Perona, A., Peruzzo, S., Peschanyi, S., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petravich, G., Petrzilka, V., Pfefferle, D., Philipps, V., Pietropaolo, A., Pillon, M., Pintsuk, G., Piovesan, P., Pires dos Reis, A., Pironti, A., Pisano, F., Pitts, R., Plusczyk, C., Plyusnin, V., Pomaro, N., Pompilian, O., Pool, P. J., Popovichev, S., Porcelli, F., Porosnicu, C., Porton, M., Pospieszczyk, A., Possnert, G., Potzel, S., Powell, T., Pozniak, K., Pozzi, J., Prajapati, V., Prakash, R., Prestopino, G., Price, D., Price, R., Prior, P., Prokopowicz, R., Proudfoot, R., Puglia, P., Puiatti, M. E., Pulley, D., Purahoo, K., Putterich, T., Quercia, A., Rachlew, E., Rack, M., Raeder, J., Rainford, M. S. J., Ramogida, G., Ranjan, S., Rasmussen, J., Rasmussen, J. J., Rathod, K., Ratta, G., Rayner, C., Rebai, M., Reece, D., Reed, A., Refy, D., Regan, B., Regana, J., Reich, M., Reid, P., Reinelt, M., Reinke, M. L., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Reiter, D., Rendell, D., Reux, C., Riccardo, V., Rimini, F. G., Riva, M., Roberts, J. E. C., Robins, R. J., Robinson, S. A., Robinson, T., Robson, D. W., Roddick, P., Rodionov, R., Rohde, V., Romanelli, F., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romano, A., Rowe, D., Rowe, S., Rowley, A., Rubinacci, G., Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruset, C., Ryc, L., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Sabot, R., Sadakov, S., Safi, E., Sagar, P., Saibene, G., Saint-Laurent, F., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Salzedas, F., Samm, U., S, Iford, D., Quist, P., Santa, P., Santala, M. I. K., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Saunders, R., Sauter, O., Scannell, R., Scarabosio, A., Schlummer, T., Schmidt, V., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Scholz, M., Schopf, K., Schweer, B., Sergienko, G., Serikov, A., Sertoli, M., Shabbir, A., Shannon, M., Shannon, M. M. J., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, I., Shaw, S. R., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shumack, A., Sibbald, M., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Simmons, P. A., Sinha, A., Sipila, S. K., Sips, A. C. C., Siren, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjostr, Skiba, M., Skilton, R., Slade, B., Smith, N., Smith, P. G., Smith, T. J., Snoj, L., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Soldatov, S., Sonato, P., Sopplesa, A., Sousa, J., Sowden, C. B. C., Sozzi, C., Sparkes, A., Spelzini, T., Spineanu, F., Stables, G., Stamatelatos, I., Stamp, M. F., Stancalie, V., Stankiewicz, R., Stankunas, G., Stano, M., Stan-Sion, C., Starkey, D. E., Stead, M. J., Stejner, M., Stephen, A. V., Stephen, M., Stevens, B. D., Stoyanov, D., Strachan, J., Str, Stransky, M., Strom, P., Stubbs, G., Studholme, W., Subba, F., Summers, H. P., Sun, Y., Svensson, J., Sykes, N., Syme, B. D., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, G., Szydlowski, A., Suzuki, T. T., Tabares, F., Takalo, V., Tal, B., Tala, T., Talbot, A. R., Taliercio, C., Tamain, P., Tame, C., Tardocchi, M., Taroni, L., Taylor, K. A., Telesca, G., Teplova, N., Terra, A., Testa, D., Teuchner, B., Tholerus, S., Thomas, F., Thomas, J. D., Thomas, P., Thompson, A., Thompson, C. -A., Thompson, V. K., Thomson, L., Thorne, L., Tigwell, P. A., Tipton, N., Tiseanu, I., Tojo, H., Tokar, M. Z., Tomes, M., Tonner, P., Tosti, S., Towndrow, M., Trimble, P., Tripsky, M., Tsalas, M., Tsitrone, E., Tskhakaya jun, D., Tudisco, O., Turner, I., Turner, M. M., Turnyanskiy, M., Tvalashvili, G., Tyrrell, S. G. J., Ul-Abidin, Z., Ulyatt, D., Unterberg, B., Urano, H., Uytdenhouwen, I., Vadgama, A. P., Valcarcel, D., Valisa, M., Valovic, M., Van Eester, D., Van Renterghem, W., van Rooij, G. J., Var, As, C. A. F., Varoutis, S., Vartanian, S., Vasava, K., Vdovin, V., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verhoeven, R., Verona, C., Vervier, M., Veshchev, E., Vezinet, D., Vicente, J., Villari, S., Villone, F., Vinyar, I., Viola, B., Vitelli, R., Vitins, A., Vlad, M., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vondracek, P., Vrancken, M., Pires de Sa, W. W., Waldon, C. W. F., Walker, M., Walsh, M., Warren, R. J., Waterhouse, J., Watkins, N. W., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Way, M. W., Webster, A., Weckmann, A., Weil, Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wenninger, R., West, A. T., Wheatley, M. R., Whetham, S., Whitehead, A. M., Whitehead, B. D., Whittington, P., Widdowson, A. M., Wiesen, S., Wilkes, D., Wilkinson, J., Williams, M., Wilson, A. R., Wilson, D. J., Wilson, H. R., Wischmeier, M., Withenshaw, G., Witts, D. M., Wojciech, D., Wojenski, A., Wood, D., Wood, S., Woodley, C., Woznicka, U., Wright, J., Wu, J., Yao, L., Yapp, D., Yavorskij, V., Yoo, M. G., Yorkshades, J., Young, C., Young, D., Young, I. D., Zabolotny, W., Zacks, J., Zagorski, R., Zaitsev, F. S., Zanino, R., Zaroschi, V., Zastrow, K. D., Zeidner, W., Ziolkowski, A., Zoita, V., Zoletnik, S., Zychor, I., Jet, Contributors, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, and Department of Physics
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Nuclear engineering, Ion beam analysis, chemistry.chemical_element, Tungsten, 01 natural sciences, 114 Physical sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, 0103 physical sciences, Forensic engineering, 010306 general physics, Deposition, Plasma facing components, Jet (fluid), ITER-like wall, Divertor, JET, ITER-like wall, Plasma facing components, Erosion, Deposition, Ion beam analysis, Plasma, equipment and supplies, lcsh:TK9001-9401, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, respiratory tract diseases, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, JET, Erosion, lcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Beryllium, Deposition (chemistry)
Abstract: Post-mortem analyses of individual components provide relevant information on plasma-surface interactions like tungsten erosion, beryllium deposition and plasma fuel retention with divertor tiles via implantation or co-deposition. Ion Beam techniques are ideal tools for such purposes and have been extensively used for post-mortem analyses of selected tiles from JET following each campaign. In this contribution results from tiles removed from the JET ITER-Like Wall (JET-ILW) divertor following the 2013-2014 campaign are presented. The results summarize erosion, deposition and fuel retention along the poloidal cross section of the divertor surface and provide data for comparison with the first JET-ILW campaign, showing a similar pattern of material migration with the exception of Tile 6 where the strike point time on the tile was similar to 4 times longer in 2013-2014 than in 2011-2012, which is likely to account for more material migration to this region. The W deposition on top of the Mo marker coating of Tile 4 shows that the enrichment takes place at the strike point location. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2016.10.027
Published: 2017

44. Structure, tritium depth profile and desorption from 'plasma-facing' beryllium materials of ITER-Like-Wall at JET

Author: Stefan Matejcik, Soare Sorin, Francesco Romanelli, Elina Pajuste, Emilio Blanco, Aigars Vitins, Bohdan Bieg, Vladislav Plyusnin, José Vicente, Alberto Loarte, Rajnikant Makwana, CHIARA MARCHETTO, Marco Wischmeier, Choong-Seock Chang, Ieva Igaune, Aneta Gójska, Manuel Garcia-munoz, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, and Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Thermal desorption spectroscopy, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Nuclear engineering, Joint European Torus, Analytical chemistry, Thermal desorption, chemistry.chemical_element, Fuel accumulation, Tritium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Fusion, plasma och rymdfysik, Desorption, 0103 physical sciences, NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories], 010306 general physics, Jet (fluid), Chemistry, ITER-like wall, Plasma, ITER-Like-Wall, lcsh:TK9001-9401, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, respiratory tract diseases, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, cardiovascular system, lcsh:Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Beryllium, Depth profile
Abstract: This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053 . The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission., Tritium depth profile and its temperature programmed desorption rate were determined for selected samples cut out of beryllium tiles removed from the Joint European Torus vacuum vessel during the 2012 shut down. A beryllium dissolution method under controlled conditions was used to determine the tritium depth profile in the samples, whereas temperature programmed desorption experiments were performed to assess tritium release pattern. Released tritium was measured using a proportional gas flow detector. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, the plasma-facing surfaces of the samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Experimental results revealed that > 95% of the tritium was localized in the top 30 – 45 µm of the ‘plasma-facing’ surface, however, possible tritium presence up to 100 µm cannot be excluded. During temperature programmed desorption at 4.8 K/min in the flow of purge gas He + 0.1% H2 the tritium release started below 475 K, the most intense release occurred at 725 – 915 K and the degree of detritiation of > 91% can be obtained upon reaching 1075 K. The total tritium activity in the samples was in range of 2 – 32 kilo Becquerel per square centimetre of the plasma-facing surface area., Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 under grant agreement No 633053; Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART²
Published: 2017

45. Structure, tritium depth profile and desorption from 'plasma-facing' beryllium materials of ITER-Like-Wall at JET

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Pajuste, E., Kizane, G., Vitins, A., Igaune, I., Avotina, L., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Pajuste, E., Kizane, G., Vitins, A., Igaune, I., Avotina, L., Jet Contributors, and García Muñoz, Manuel
Abstract: Tritium depth profile and its temperature programmed desorption rate were determined for selected samples cut out of beryllium tiles removed from the Joint European Torus vacuum vessel during the 2012 shut down. A beryllium dissolution method under controlled conditions was used to determine the tritium depth profile in the samples, whereas temperature programmed desorption experiments were performed to assess tritium release pattern. Released tritium was measured using a proportional gas flow detector. Prior to desorption and dissolution experiments, the plasma-facing surfaces of the samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Experimental results revealed that > 95% of the tritium was localized in the top 30 –45 μm of the ‘plasma-facing’ surface, however, possible tritium presence up to 100 μm cannot be excluded. During tem- perature programmed desorption at 4.8 K/min in the flow of purge gas He + 0.1% H 2 the tritium release started below 475 K, the most intense release occurred at 725 –915 K and the degree of detritiation of > 91% can be obtained upon reaching 1075 K. The total tritium activity in the samples was in range of 2 –32 kilo Becquerel per square centimetre of the plasma-facing surface area.
Published: 2017

46. An analytical expression for ion velocities at the wall including the sheath electric field and surface biasing for erosion modeling at JET ILW

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Borodkina, I., Borodin, D., Brezinsek, S., Kirschner, A., Tsvetkov, V., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Borodkina, I., Borodin, D., Brezinsek, S., Kirschner, A., Tsvetkov, V., Jet Contributors, and García Muñoz, Manuel
Abstract: For simulation of plasma-facing component erosion in fusion experiments, an analytical expression for the ion velocity just before the surface impact including the local electric field and an optional surface biasing effect is suggested. Energy and angular impact distributions and the resulting effective sputtering yields were produced for several experimental scenarios at JET ILW mostly involving PFCs exposed to an oblique magnetic field. The analytic solution has been applied as an improvement to earlier ERO mod- elling of localized, Be outer limiter, RF-enhanced erosion, modulated by toggling of a remote, however magnetically connected ICRH antenna. The effective W sputtering yields due to D and Be ion impact in Type-I and Type-III ELMs and inter-ELM conditions were also estimated using the analytical approach and benchmarked by spectroscopy. The intra-ELM W sputtering flux increases almost 10 times in comparison to the inter-ELM flux.
Published: 2017

47. Fuel inventory and deposition in castellated structures in JET-ILW

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Rubel, M., Petersson, P., Zhou, Y., Coad, J.P., Lungu, C., Jet Contributors, García Muñoz, Manuel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM138: Física Nuclear Aplicada, Rubel, M., Petersson, P., Zhou, Y., Coad, J.P., Lungu, C., Jet Contributors, and García Muñoz, Manuel
Abstract: Since 2011 the JET tokamak has been operated with a metal ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) including castellated beryllium limiters and lamellae-type bulk tungsten tiles in the divertor. This has allowed for a large scale test of castellated plasma-facing components (PFC). Procedures for sectioning the limiters into single blocks of castellation have been developed. This facilitated morphology studies of morphology of surfaces inside the grooves for limiters after experimental campaigns 2011–2012 and 2013–2014. The deposition in the 0.4–0.5mm wide grooves of the castellation is ‘shallow’. It reaches 1–2mm into the 12mm deep gap. Deuterium concentrations are small (mostly below 1 × 1018 cm−2 ). The estimated total amount of deuterium in all the castellated limiters does not exceed the inventory of the plasma-facing surfaces (PFS) of the limiters. There are only traces of Ni, Cr and Fe deposited in the castellation gaps. The same applies to the carbon content. Also low deposition of D, Be and C has been measured on the sides of the bulk tungsten lamellae pieces. Modelling clearly reflects: (a) a sharp decrease in the measured deposition profiles and (b) an increase in deposition with the gap width. Both experimental and modelling data give a strong indication and information to ITER that narrow gaps in the castellated PFC are essential. X-ray diffraction on PFS has clearly shown two distinct composition patterns: Be with an admixture of Be–W intermetallic compounds (e.g. Be22W) in the deposition zone, whilst only pure Be has been detected in the erosion zone. The lack of compound formation in the erosion zone indicates that no distinct changes in the thermo-mechanical properties of the Be PFC might be expected.
Published: 2017

48. Fuel inventory and deposition in castellated structures in JET-ILW

Author: Rubel, M., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Rubel, M., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: Since 2011 the JET tokamak has been operated with a metal ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) including castellated beryllium limiters and lamellae-type bulk tungsten tiles in the divertor. This has allowed for a large scale test of castellated plasma-facing components (PFC). Procedures for sectioning the limiters into single blocks of castellation have been developed. This facilitated morphology studies of morphology of surfaces inside the grooves for limiters after experimental campaigns 2011-2012 and 2013-2014. The deposition in the 0.4-0.5 mm wide grooves of the castellation is 'shallow'. It reaches 1-2 mm into the 12 mm deep gap. Deuterium concentrations are small (mostly below 1 x 10(18) cm(-2)). The estimated total amount of deuterium in all the castellated limiters does not exceed the inventory of the plasma-facing surfaces (PFS) of the limiters. There are only traces of Ni, Cr and Fe deposited in the castellation gaps. The same applies to the carbon content. Also low deposition of D, Be and C has been measured on the sides of the bulk tungsten lamellae pieces. Modelling clearly reflects: (a) a sharp decrease in the measured deposition profiles and (b) an increase in deposition with the gap width. Both experimental and modelling data give a strong indication and information to ITER that narrow gaps in the castellated PFC are essential. X-ray diffraction on PFS has clearly shown two distinct composition patterns: Be with an admixture of Be-W intermetallic compounds (e. g. Be22W) in the deposition zone, whilst only pure Be has been detected in the erosion zone. The lack of compound formation in the erosion zone indicates that no distinct changes in the thermo-mechanical properties of the Be PFC might be expected., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa6864
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. An analytical expression for ion velocities at the wall including the sheath electric field and surface biasing for erosion modeling at JET ILW

Author: Borodkina, I., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Asp, E., Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Borodkina, I., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Asp, E., Binda, Federico, Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, Nataliia, Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, Carl, Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, Mateusz, Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: For simulation of plasma-facing component erosion in fusion experiments, an analytical expression for the ion velocity just before the surface impact including the local electric field and an optional surface biasing effect is suggested. Energy and angular impact distributions and the resulting effective sputtering yields were produced for several experimental scenarios at JET ILW mostly involving PFCs exposed to an oblique magnetic field. The analytic solution has been applied as an improvement to earlier ERO modelling of localized, Be outer limiter, RF-enhanced erosion, modulated by toggling of a remote, however magnetically connected ICRH antenna. The effective W sputtering yields due to D and Be ion impact in Type-I and Type-III ELMs and inter-ELM conditions were also estimated using the analytical approach and benchmarked by spectroscopy. The intra-ELM W sputtering flux increases almost 10 times in comparison to the inter-ELM flux. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.031
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Studies of dust from JET with the ITER-Like Wall : Composition and internal structure

Author: Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Asp, E., Binda, F., Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, N., Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, C., Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, M., Weiszflog, Matthias, Zychor, I., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Andersson Sundén, Erik, Asp, E., Binda, F., Cecconello, Marco, Conroy, Sean, Dzysiuk, N., Ericsson, Göran, Eriksson, Jacob, Hellesen, C., Hjalmarsson, Anders, Possnert, Göran, Sjöstrand, Henrik, Skiba, M., Weiszflog, Matthias, and Zychor, I.
Abstract: Results are presented for the dust survey performed at JET after the second experimental campaign with the ITER-Like Wall: 2013-2014. Samples were collected on adhesive stickers from several different positions in the divertor both on the tiles and on the divertor carrier. Brittle dust-forming deposits on test mirrors from the inner divertor wall were also studied. Comprehensive characterization accomplished by a wide range of high-resolution microscopy techniques, including focused ion beam, has led to the identification of several classes of particles: (i) beryllium flakes originating either from the Be coatings from the inner wall cladding or Be-rich mixed co-deposits resulting from material migration; (ii) beryllium droplets and splashes; (iii) tungsten and nickel-rich (from Inconel) droplets; (iv) mixed material layers with a various content of small (8-200 nm) W-Mo and Ni-based debris. A significant content of nitrogen from plasma edge cooling has been identified in all types of co-deposits. A comparison between particles collected after the first and second experimental campaign is also presented and discussed. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license., For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2016.11.027
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

192 results on '"ITER-Like Wall"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources