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5-Spirofluorenehydantoin derivatives show efflux modulating, cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in sensitive and resistant mouse T-lymphoma cells. In order to extend the knowledge available about the pharmacophoric features responsible for the glycoprotein P (P-gp) inhibitory properties of arylpiperazine derivatives of 3-methyl-5-spirofluorenehydantoin, we have performed crystal structure analyses for 1-[3-(3′-methyl-2′,4′-dioxospiro[fluorene-9,5′-imidazolidin]-1′-yl)propyl]-4-phenylpiperazine-1,4-diium dichloride monohydrate, C29H32N4O2 2+·2Cl−·H2O (1), 3′-methyl-1′-{3-[4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl}spiro[fluorene-9,5′-imidazolidine]-2′,4′-dione, C29H29N5O4·H2O (2), 3′-methyl-1′-{5-[4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]pentyl}spiro[fluorene-9,5′-imidazolidine]-2′,4′-dione, C31H33N5O4 (3), and 1-benzyl-4-[5-(3′-methyl-2′,4′-dioxospiro[fluorene-9,5′-imidazolidin]-1′-yl)pentyl]piperazine-1,4-diium dichloride 0.613-hydrate, C32H38N4O2 2+·2Cl−·0.613H2O (4). Structure 3 is anhydrous but the other three structures crystallize with water present. The investigated compounds crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system, with the space group P21/n for 1 and 3, and P21/c for 2 and 4. The cations of salts 1 and 4 are doubly protonated, with the protons located on the N atoms of the piperazine rings. The packing of 1 and 4 in the crystals is dominated by intermolecular N—H...Cl and O—H...Cl hydrogen bonds. In the crystal structure of 2, the intermolecular interactions are dominated by O—H...O and O—H...N hydrogen bonds, while in 3, which is lacking in classic hydrogen-bond donors, it is C—H...O contacts that dominate. Additionally, we have performed induced-fit docking studies for the investigated compounds docked to the P-gp human homology model.

New tetrahydropyrazino[2,3-c]quinolin-5(6H)-ones were prepared from 3-chloroquinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones and ethylene diamine. In their reaction with HNCO, an unprecedented molecular rearrangement produced new types of hydantoin derivatives. All prepared compounds were characterized on the basis of their H-1, C-13, and N-15 NMR and ESI mass spectra and some were authenticated by X-ray analysis of single crystalline material. A proposed mechanism for rearrangement is discussed in this essay. The CDK and ABL inhibition activity as well as in vitro cytotoxicity of the prepared compounds was also tested., IGA/FT/2020/007, Internal Funding Agency of Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FT/2020/007]

In this study, a series of synthesized 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5-isopropyl-5-phenylhydantoin derivatives as a potential antiproliferative and antimigratory agents were investigated. The possible antitumor mechanisms of investigated hydantoin derivatives were examined on human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The cells were treated with different concentrations of compounds (from 0.01 µM to 100 µM) during 24 h and 72 h. The proliferation index, nitric oxide production, apoptosis rate, and migration capacity were measured. The cell invasion potential was examined by measuring the level of MMP-9 and COX-2 gene expression. All tested compounds expressed antiproliferative activity and induced dose- and time-dependent increase in the level of nitrites. The investigated molecules significantly decreased cell survival rate, migration capacity and the expression levels of genes included in the process of tumor invasion. Obtained data suggest that the tested hydantoin derivatives express considerable antitumor activity by reducing cell division rate, elevating apoptosis level, and inhibiting the motility and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. The results obtained in this study indicate that investigated compounds express potential as a novel chemotherapeutic agents against breast cancer growth and progression. Keywords: Hydantoin derivatives, Breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, Proliferation, Apoptosis, Cell motility, Nitric oxide

This study aimed to assess two novel 5-arylideneimidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) derivatives (JH3 and JH10) demonstrating photoprotective activity using the reconstructed human skin model EpiskinTM. The skin permeability, irritation, and phototoxicity of the compounds was evaluated in vitro. Moreover, the in vitro genotoxicity and human metabolism of both compounds was studied. For skin permeation and irritation experiments, the test compounds were incorporated into a formulation. It was shown that JH3 and JH10 display no skin irritation and no phototoxicity. Both compounds did not markedly enhance the frequency of micronuclei in CHO-K1 cells in the micronucleus assay. Preliminary in vitro studies with liver microsomes demonstrated that hydrolysis appears to constitute their important metabolic pathway. EpiskinTM permeability experiments showed that JH3 permeability was lower than or close to currently used UV filters, whereas JH10 had the potential to permeate the skin. Therefore, a restriction of this compound permeability should be obtained by choosing the right vehicle or by optimizing it, which should be addressed in future studies.

Hydantoins and their sulfur containing analogues, thiohydantoins, are an important and interesting moiety. They represent a big group of structurally diverse compounds with intriguing physical, chemical and biological properties, which enabled them to be used in therapy, medicine in general, material science and industry. With the goal of broadening the set of potentially applicable hydantoin derivatives, we have synthesized a series of 2-thiohydantoins from vanillin and its derivatives, which themselves posses interesting biological properties. All compounds were fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy. The compounds will be subjected to intensive biological screening to determine their biological properties and application opportunities.

A mild and efficient one-pot three-component and environmentally benign approach for the synthesis of a wide range of hydantoin annulated derivatives has been described. A multi-component reaction between a carbonyl compounds (ketone or aldehyde), potassium cyanide and ammonium carbonate (as cyanating agent and amine source, respectively leads to the formation of hydantoins. The proposed optimized reaction conditions ,i.e. solvent-free conditions under ambient temperature in the presence of low amount of ZnOnano-catalyst, were very efficient resulting in the formation of the desired products with good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the presented methodology is in accord with green chemistry principles.Keywords: Bucherer-Bergs; hydantoin derivatives; multicomponent reactions (MCRs); green chemistry.

A new family of molecular photoswitches based on arylidenehydantoins is described together with their synthesis and photochemical and photophysical studies. A series of hydantoin derivatives have been prepared as single isomers using simple and versatile chemistry in good yields. Our studies show that the photostationary states of these compounds can be easily controlled by means of external factors, such as the light source or filters. Moreover, the detailed investigations proved that these switches are efficient (i.e., they make efficient use of the light energy, are high fatigue resistant, and are very photostable). In some cases, the switches can be completely turned on/off, a desirable feature for specific applications. A series of theoretical calculations have also been carried out to understand the photoisomerization mechanism at the molecular level.

Generally, synthesis of hydantoin derivatives involve use of carbonyl compounds which in turn require multistep synthesis. Here, we report a new approach to assemble spirohydantoins via [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization reaction using commercially available, inexpensive hydantoin as a starting material. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

In connection with our studies on hydantoin derivatives, a conventional regioselective chemical transformation of 5-methylene hydantoins 4a-c to 5-aminomethyl-substituted hydantoins 5-10 or to 5-amino-5-methyl-disubstituted hydantoins 11-14 is described. Synthesis of bivalent twin-drug type hydantoin derivatives 19-24 and the binding property of a bivalent symmetrical hydantoin derivative 24b to sulfated glycosaminoglycans are also described.

A B S T R A C T A facile and rapid method for the one-pot synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoins in the presence of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been developed. The multicomponent reactions of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones), potassium cyanide and ammonium carbonate were carried out under solvent-free conditions to obtain various hydantoin derivatives. The magnetic catalyst could be readily separated by an external magnet from the reaction mixture. This procedure has many advantages, such as the use of a reusable magnetic catalyst, high yields, short reaction times, simplicity and very easiness with implementing the methodology.

International audience; A series of new 5,5-diphenylhydantoin derivatives with various amineealkyl terminal fragments at N1-position were synthesized. Then a series of twenty-eight compounds with the same hydantoin scaffold were evaluated for their potency to combat bacterial MultiDrug Resistance (MDR). Intrinsic antibacterial activities were first evaluated. As these compounds showed no direct activity on bacteria, their influence on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nalidixic acid was tested in two strains of Enterobacter aerogenes: the reference-strain ATCC-13048 and the CM-64 strain which over-produces AcrAB-TolC efflux pump. The compounds showed moderate-or low-anti-MDR properties. According to SAR-studies, hit compounds containing 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine at N1-terminal fragment and methylcarboxyl acid one at N3-position of hydantoin have been identified for further microbiological studies and pharma-comodulations to develop efflux pump inhibitors.

2-(Alkyl-1-yl)-1 H -imidazol-5(4 H) -ones 5a–n were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution of the methylsulfanyl group of the corresponding 2-(methylthio)-1 H -imidazol-5(4 H )-ones 3a–c with suitably substituted secondary amines. The starting 2-thioxo- imidazolidin-4-ones 2a , 2b were prepared by condensation of thiohydantoin and benzo[ b ]-thiophene-3-carbaldehyde or benzofuran-3-carbaldehyde under microwave irracdiation (MW) conditions. 2-Methylthio derivatives 3a–c were prepared by treatment of 2a–b with methyl iodide in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide. Keywords: MW assisted synthesis; hydantoin; arylidene-4 H -imidazoles 1. Introduction Hydantoin derivatives have achieved considerable success as anticonvulsant agents [1]. The nucleosides of several 5-arylidene-3-arylhydantoins and 2-thiohydantoins show potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [2] and the leukemia subpanel [3]. A recent study showed that S -glucosylated hydantoins (Figure 1) act against herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in Vero cells [4]. A further study reported that thiazolidinediones (TZDs), which are known to have potent enhancing effects on insulin sensitivity, have been developed for the treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [5,6].

Resumo: Reações para obtenção de derivados de hidantoína foram conduzidas a partir de aldeídos de cadeia curta e da 5,5-dimetilhidantoína. O acompanhamento das reações foi realizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho médio (MIR) por meio da formação de novas bandas características da estrutura do composto desejado. A análise MIR revelou que estas alterações espectrométricas ocorrem somente na reação com o formaldeído, indicando a formação do produto 1,3-bis(hidroximetil)-5,5-dimetilhidantoína, em presença de água. As bandas de absorção que confirmam a reação foram observadas em 3334 cm-1 (υ OH), 1770 e 1710 cm-1 (υ C=O) e em 1056 cm-1 (υ C-O), sendo esta última, atribuída ao grupo contendo hidroxila primária. A reação da 5,5-dimetil hidantoína com acetaldeído e com propanaldeído não ocorreu sob as condições adotadas neste trabalho. Abstract: Reactions to obtain hydantoin derivatives were carried out with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin and short-chain aldehydes. Monitoring of the reactions was performed using qualitative mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) through the formation of new bands characteristic of the desired product. MIR analysis showed that these spectrometric alterations occur only in the reaction with the formaldehyde, indicating the formation of the desired product, 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, in the presence of water. The absorption bands that confirmed the reaction were observed at 3334 cm-1 (υ OH), 1770 and 1710 cm-1 (υ C=O) and 1056 cm-1 (υ C-O), the last of which is assigned to the group containing primary hydroxyl.

An efficient procedure for the preparation of 5-dialkylaminomethylhydantoins 3, which are easily obtained from cyclization of the corresponding urea derivatives 2 starting with beta-aminoalanines 1, is described. Methylenehydantoin and the corresponding 2-thio analogue (4a, 4b) were obtained from hydantoins 3a and 3b, respectively. Some new chemical properties of these hydantoin derivatives are reported.

The title compound, C13H13N2O3, a hydantoin derivative, crystallized with two molecules (AandB) in an asymmetric unit. In moleculeA, the imidazolidine ring is twisted about the C—N bond involving the spiro C atom, while in moleculeBthis ring is flat (r.m.s. deviation = 0.010 Å). The pyran rings in both molecules have distorted half-chair conformations. The mean plane of the imidazolidine ring is inclined to the aromatic ring of the chroman unit by 79.71 (11)° in moleculeAand 82.83 (12)° in moleculeB. In the crystal, pairs of N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the individual molecules to formA–AandB–Binversion dimers. The dimers are linkedviaN—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming sheets lying parallel to thebcplane,viz.(011). Within the sheets, theAandBmolecules are linked by C—H...π interactions.

Cancer is the major health problem affecting the mankind of today. Most of the drugs used in traditional chemotherapy are very limited and the discovery of novel, more active, more selective and less toxic ones is still very intensive. A chemometric approach was applied in the study of antiproliferative activity against human colon cancer and breast cancer as well as in the study of lipophilicity of 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl- and 3-(4-substituted benzyl)- 5,5-diphenylhydantoins. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) shows that the investigated hydantoins have higher antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cells than against human colon cancer cells. However, some hydantoins at the highest applied concentration reverse antiproliferative effect, higher against the human colon cancer cells and lower against human breast cancer cells. Principal component analysis (PCA) gives better insight into the activity of hydantoins related to their structural changes. It distinguishes more active compounds from the less active ones according to various criteria. Generally, more lipophilic 5,5-diphenylhydantoins exhibit a higher antiproliferative activity comparing to less lipophilic 5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoins. Also, a substituent attached to benzyl moieties affects the activity additionally. The activity is particularly pronounced for compounds with cyano, methyl, chloro and bromo group. Halogen substituent were superior in antiproliferative capacity particularly in the series of 5,5-diphenylhydantoins.

The synthesis of new potential inhibitors of human chymase is described. Treatment of dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]indole and [1,5-b]isoquinoline-dione with thioaryl followed by oxidation gave the N-arylsulfonylmethyl of polycyclic hydantoin derivatives 3, 5 and 6.

Six new poly (amide-imide)s (6a-f) were prepared under microwave irradiation by polycondensation reaction of diacid chloride (4) with 6 different derivatives of hydantoins (5a-f) using O-cresol as a microwave absorbent. These new PAIs were obtained in high yield and with inherent viscosities between 0.15 and 0.25 dL/g. The resulting poly(amide-imide)s were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA & DTG), solubility test, and FT-IR spectroscopy. N-(4-chlorocarbonyl phenyl) trimellitimide acid chloride (4) was prepared by a 2-step reaction. First trimellitic anhydride (1) was reacted with 4-amino benzoic acid (2) in acetic acid solution and the resulting imide-acid [N-(4-carboxy phenyl) trimellitimide] (3) was obtained in high yield. Then diacid (3) was converted to N-(4-chlorocarbonyl phenyl) trimellitimide acid chloride (4) by reaction with thionyl chloride in the presence of pyridine.

A cascade of hydantoinase, N -carbamoylase and hydantoinracemase can be used for the production of natural and unnatural chiral d - and l -amino acids from chemically synthesized hydantoin derivatives. Potentially, 100% conversion and 100% optically pure amino acids can be obtained at the same time if racemic substrates are used. Recent research activities concentrate on newly isolated or improved enzymes and include directed evolution techniques, structure elucidation, studies of fusion proteins and the use of specially designed whole cell biocatalysts.

Two new series of hydantoin derivatives, 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5,5-diphenyl- and 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenylhydantoins, were synthesized and their antiproliferative activity was tested against human colon cancer HCT-116 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The presence of different substituents on both hydantoin and benzyl moieties changed the antiproliferative activity of the investigated hydantoins, whereby most of the compounds showed superior antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 than against the HCT-116 cell line. The structure of three compounds was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The general structural characteristic is the presence of N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds in crystal packings. The molecular geometry and bonding features of the investigated hydantoins in the ground states were calculated using the density functional method. The relationship between structure and antiproliferative activity was discussed. The data presented in this investigation afford guidelines for the preparation of new hydantoin derivatives with greater antiproliferative activity.

In connection with our studies on antibacterial compounds in the class of 5-dialkylaminomethylhydantoins against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) strains, some molecular modifications were attempted. The antibacterial activities of all of the synthesized hydantoin derivatives were evaluated. Among the hydantoin derivatives designed in this study, C₂-symmetrical twin-drug type compound (7) showed the highest level of antibacterial activity against S. aureus strain.

To obtain insight into the interactions of potential anticonvulsant drugs with their surroundings, two series of 5-methyl-5-aryland 5-ethyl-5--arylhydantoins were synthesized and their absorption spectra were recorded in the region from 200 to 400 nm in a set of selected solvents. The effects of solvent dipolarity/polarizability and solvent-solute hydrogen bonding interactions on the absorption maxima shifts were analyzed by means of the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) concept of Kamlet and Taft. The ratio of the contributions of specific and non-specific solvent-solute interactions were correlated with the corresponding absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties of the studied compounds. The correlation equations were combined with different physicochemical parameters to generate new equations, which demonstrate the reasonable relationships between the solvent-solute interactions and the structure-activity parameters. Da bi se procenio način na koji potencijalni antikonvulzivni lekovi interaguju sa svojim okruženjem, dve serije 5-metil-5-(4-supstituisanih fenil)i 5-etil-5-(4supstituisanih fenil)hidantoina su sintetisane i njihovi apsorpcioni spektri su snimljeni u intervalu talasnih dužina od 200 do 400 nm u setu izabranih rastvarača. Efekti dipolarnosti/polarizabilnosti rastvarača i vodoničnog vezivanja između molekula rastvarača i rastvorene supstance na pomeranje apsorpcionih maksimuma analizirani su primenom metoda linearne korelacije energije solvatacije (LSER), odnosno Kamlet-Taftovom jednačinom. Odnos doprinosa specifičnih i nespecifičnih interakcija između molekula rastvarača i rastvorene supstance korelisani su sa odgovarajućim ADME svojstvima proučavanih jedinjenja. Korelacione jednačine su dalje kombinovane sa različitim fizičko-hemijskim parametrima pri čemu su dobijene nove jednačine koje na zadovoljavajući način opisuju odnose između interakcija između molekula rastvarača i rastvorene supstance i svojstava koja određuju njihovu aktivnost u organizmu.

Considering the importance of hydantoin derivatives in treatment of status epilepticus, four 5-phenylhydantoins, whose lipophilicities were estimated to be similar to that of phenytoin, were synthesized. Evaluation of their anticonvulsant activities was performed on rats by subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol seizure test and intravenous pentylenetetrazol threshold test, and spontaneous locomotor activity test was used to assess possible sedative effects. X-ray analysis of three compounds suggested that certain analogies might be drawn between interactions in crystal packing and biological interactions responsible for their anticonvulsant activity. It was found that 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-3-propylhydantoin exhibits the most favorable pharmacological properties among the synthesized compounds, i.e., anticonvulsant activity comparable to phenytoin with lower liability for induction of sedation in rats.

A series of novel 5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one esters were synthesized under mild conditions by the reaction of 5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one and carboxylic acids with DCC and DMAP as the promoters. Their structures were confirmed by 1 H-NMR, IR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassy results indicated that some of compounds exhibit good herbicidal activity against Zea mays , Triticum aestivum and Arabidopsis thaliana . The further greenhouse test showed that compounds 6 - 16 and 6 - 28 have 60%, 50% and 50% efficacy against Stellaria media, Echinochloa crus-galli and Setaria viridis at 1,000 g/ha , respectively. Keywords: 5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one esters; synthesis; herbicidal activity 1. Introduction Hydantoins and 2-thiohydantoin derivatives are an important class of biologically active molecules. They have not only been used in medicinal chemistry as anti-HSV [1], antidiabetic [2,3], or HDL-cholesterol modulators [4], but also used as fungicides [5] and herbicides [6,7] in agrochemical research. Among these hydantoin derivatives, hydantocidin (

Two series of 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl- and 3-(4-substituted benzyl)-5,5-diphenylhydantoins were synthesized and their UV absorption spectra were recorded in the region 200–400 nm in selected solvents of different polarity. The effects of solvent dipolarity/polarizability and solvent/solute hydrogen bonding interactions on the spectral shifts were analyzed by means of the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) methodology of Kamlet and Taft. The quantitative relationships between hydrogen bonding interactions and the lipophilicity and blood-brain permeation of the studied compounds were discussed. Satisfactory linear dependences were obtained for moderate electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents at the benzyl moiety, while the strong electron-withdrawing substituent (NO2) significantly modifies the solvation characteristics of the molecule. The paper clearly demonstrates how the solvatochromic comparison method may be applied to estimate the contributions of various modes of solvation to the pharmaceutically relevant properties of these newly synthetized hydantoin derivatives.

To find new antibacterial leads in the class of hydantoin derivatives, we carried out synthetic investigation and biological evaluation of the title hydantoin derivatives and related compounds. Among the hydantoin derivatives described in this article, compound 3o, in which a 2,6-dichlorophenyl ring was introduced at the N-3 position of the hydantoin nucleus, showed the highest levels of antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli NBRC14237 (NIHJ) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538P (gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively) strains.

Several 5-methyl-5-(3- or 4-substituted phenyl)hydantoins were prepared and their ultraviolet absorption spectra were recorded in the region 200-400 nm in twelve solvents of different polarity. The effect of solvent dipolarity/ polarizability and solvent/solute hydrogen bonding interactions were analyzed by means of the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) concept proposed by Kamlet and Taft. The lipophilic activity of the investigated hydantoins was estimated by calculation of log P values with Advanced Chemistry Development Software. The calculated values of log P were correlated with the contribution of hydrogen bond donor-solvent interactions. By employing the thus obtained linear dependence, the pharmacological activity of the studied hydantoin derivatives is discussed. U okviru proučavanja uticaja strukture na farmakološku aktivnost hidantoina, u ovom radu sintetizovano je četrnaest jedinjenja i određeni su njihovi UV apsorpcioni maksimumi u dvanaest rastvarača različite polarnosti. Apsorpcioni maksimumi su korelisani Kamlet-Taftovom (Kamlet-Taft) solvatohromnom jednačinom i izvršena je kvantitativna procena proton-donorskih i proton-akceptorskih karakteristika proučavanih jedinjenja, koje su od velikog značaja za njihovu fiziološku aktivnost. Izračunate vrednosti log P korelisane su sa udelom proton-donorskih karakteristika rastvarača i na osnovu dobijenih linearnih zavisnosti za molekule sa umerenim elktron-donorskim i elektron-akceptorskim supstituentima, diskutovana je veza između farmakološke aktivnosti hidantoina i interakcija sa molekulima rastvarača.