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2. Topological Contextuality and Anyonic Statistics of Photonic-Encoded Parafermions

Author

Liu, Z-H, Sun, K, Pachos, JK, Yang, M, Meng, Y, Liao, Y-W, Li, Q, Wang, J-F, Luo, Z-Y, He, Y-F, Huang, D-Y, Ding, G-R, Xu, J-S, Han, Y-J, Li, C-F, and Guo, G-C

Abstract

Quasiparticle poisoning, expected to arise during the measurement of the Majorana zero-mode state, poses a fundamental problem for the realization of Majorana-based quantum computation. Parafermions, a natural generalization of Majorana fermions, can encode topological qudits immune to quasiparticle poisoning. While parafermions are expected to emerge in superconducting fractional quantum Hall systems, they are not yet attainable with current technology. To bypass this problem, we employ a photonic quantum simulator to experimentally demonstrate the key components of parafermion-based universal quantum computation. Our contributions in this paper are twofold. First, by manipulating the photonic states, we realize Clifford-operator Berry phases that correspond to braiding statistics of parafermions. Second, we investigate the quantum contextuality in a topological system for the first time by demonstrating the contextuality of parafermion-encoded qudit states. Importantly, we find that the topologically encoded contextuality opens the way to magic state distillation, while both the contextuality and the braiding-induced Clifford gates are resilient against local noise. By introducing contextuality, our photonic quantum simulation provides the first step toward a physically robust methodology for realizing topological quantum computation.

Published
2021

9. Setosabatieria major Guo & Huang & Chen & Wang & Lin 2015, sp. nov

Author

Guo, Y. Q., Huang, D. Y., Chen, Y. Z., Wang, J. J., and Lin, R. C.

Subjects
Chromadorea, Araeolaimida, Nematoda, Setosabatieria major, Setosabatieria, Animalia, Biodiversity, Comesomatidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

Setosabatieria major sp. nov. (Figures 3, 4 and Table 2) Type material Five males, one female and one juvenile from station CC4. Holotype: ♂ 1 on slide number Chukchi20100720 CC42401. Paratypes: ♂ 2 on slide number Chukchi20100720 CC42401, ♂ 3 on Chukchi20100720 CC42403, ♂ 4 on Chukchi20100720 CC42404, ♂ 5 on Chukchi20100720 CC42405, ♀ 1 on Chukchi20100720 CC42406, juvenile on Chukchi20100720 CC42407. Type locality and habitat Sublittoral zone in the Chukchi Sea (the Arctic Ocean). Latitude: 68.1336°N, longitude: 167.8633°W. Environmental parameters: water depth 52 m, surface water temperature 2.2°C, salinity at 52 m depth 32.13 ‰. Etymology This species is named for the large body. Measurements Measurements are given in Table 2. – 366 W 2806 Holotype ♂ 1: 3130 µm; a = 18.6, b = 8.6, c = 9.7, Spic = 69 µm 21 117 168 82 – 332 V 2828 Paratype ♀ 1: 3145 µm; a = 17.9, b = 9.5, c = 8.0, V % = 44.1% 23 104 176 80 Description Body rather large cylindrical, tapering towards both extremities. Cuticle not punctated but with transverse striation most obvious at anterior and posterior extremities. Buccal cavity small cup-shaped, surrounded by six short outer labial, 1.5 – 2 μm long and four cephalic setae, 9 – 13 μm long. Amphidial fovea spiral, with 3.25 – 3.75 turns and occupying 47 – 57% of corresponding body diameter. Four sublateral rows of 10 – 11 cervical setae 8 – 10 μm long. Pharynx gradually swollen posteriorly, not forming a true bulb. Cardia small, muscular, surrounded by intestinal tissue. Ventral gland situated posterior to pharynx and excretory pore about level nerve ring. Nerve ring at 55 – 61% of pharynx length from anterior end. Tail slender, with rather broad, conical anterior portion and rather narrow cylindrical posterior portion. Tail 3.7 – 4.5 times of the anal body diameter with numerous short setae. Tail tip not enlarged, with 15 µm long three terminal setae. Caudal glands not always visible and spinneret well developed. Males. Reproductive system with two opposite outstretched testes. Spicules paired, equal, slight arcuate, 0.9 – 1.3 times as long as cloacal body diameter, with central septum appearing in both proximal and distal portions. Gubernaculum with a pair of short dorsocaudal apophyses. There are 26 – 28 small pre-cloacal papillae supplements, although they are very small and difficult to observe. Females. Similar to male in general characteristics, but tail with fewer short setae and narrow cylindrical posterior portion longer than anterior conical portion. Reproductive system with two outstretched equally developed ovaries. Vulva at 44% of total body length. Differential diagnosis Setosabatieria major sp. nov. is characterized by its rather large body (length 2700 – 3145 µm; maximum body diameter 106 – 176 µm), the number (10 – 11) of cervical setae per file, 26 – 28 small papillate precloacal supplements and central septum appearing in both proximal and distal portions of spicules. These characters are obviously different from those of other species in this genus.

Published
2015
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10. Setosabatieria longiapophysis Guo & Huang & Chen & Wang & Lin 2015, sp. nov

Author

Guo, Y. Q., Huang, D. Y., Chen, Y. Z., Wang, J. J., and Lin, R. C.

Subjects
Chromadorea, Araeolaimida, Nematoda, Setosabatieria, Animalia, Biodiversity, Setosabatieria longiapophysis, Comesomatidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

Setosabatieria longiapophysis sp. nov. (Figures 1, 2 and Table 1) Type material Five males and two females were collected from station XMGLY L2. Holotype: ♂ 1 on slide number XMGLY 20111016 L206. Paratypes: ♂ 2 and ♀ 2 on slide number XMGLY 20111016 L205, ♂ 3 on XMGLY 20111016 L210, ♂ 4 on XMGLY 20111016 L218, ♂ 5 and ♀ 1 on XMGLY 20111016 L213. Type locality and habitat Intertidal sandy sediment at Gulang Island, Xiamen, the East China Sea. Latitude: 118.0666°E, longitude: 24.4333°N. Characteristics of surface sediment: Silt + clay 0.07%, salinity 20 – 22 ‰, total organic matter 0.0192%. Etymology This species is named for the long straight apophyses of gubernaculum. Measurements Measurements are given in Table 1. – 252 W 2273 Holotype ♂ 1: 16 41 49 39 2480 µm; a = 50.6, b = 9.8, c = 12.0, Spic = 66.0 µm – 270 V 2312 Paratype ♀ 1: 2540 µm; a = 49.8, b = 9.4, c = 11.2, V % = 50.0% 16 41 51 38 Description Body cylindrical, tapering towards both extremities, maximum body diameter 42 – 58 µm. Cuticle not punctate but with faint transverse striations visible throughout body. Head narrower than rest of body due to constriction at level of amphidial fovea. Buccal cavity cup-shaped. Inner labial sensilla not visible, outer labial sensilla setiform, 2 μm long. Four cephalic setae 16 – 19 µm long (100 – 120% of head diameter). Cervical setae, similar to cephalic setae length, arranged in four longitudinal files of seven to nine setae. Amphidial fovea spiral, with 2.75 – 3 turns, 15 – 17 µm in diameter, occupying 49 – 69% of corresponding body diameter. Pharynx gradually enlarging posteriorly but without true terminal bulb. Nerve ring at 61 – 65% of pharynx length from anterior end. Cardia small, muscular, surrounded by intestinal tissue. Excretory pore posterior to nerve ring. Tail conico-cylindrical, 5.3 – 6.0 times anal body diameter, with numerous caudal setae. Tail tip enlarged with three terminal setae 12 µm long. Caudal glands and spinneret well developed. Males. Testes opposite and outstretched. Anterior testis situated to left of intestine, posterior testis to right. Spicules paired, equal, arcuate, with slightly marked capitulum and a central cuticularized septum at the proximal end. Gubernaculum with 31 – 37 µm long straight dorsocaudal directed apophyses. Fifteen or 16 poorly developed small precloacal papillate supplements, posterior supplements with closer spacing. Females. Similar to male in general characteristics, but amphid diameter smaller; vulva at 49 – 50% of total body length but developed reproductive system not found. Differential diagnosis Setosabatieria longiapophysis sp. nov. is similar to Setosabatieria triangularis Riera et al. 2006 in that they both have longer cephalic setae than in the other species, and a similar number of cervical setae in each sublateral row and precloacal supplements (Table 3). However, Setosabatieria longiapophysis sp. nov. has spicules with straight apophyses 31 – 37 µm long in contrast to the triangular apophyses of S. triangularis.

Published
2015
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11. Bonding Strength at Solid-Melt Interface for Polystyrene in a Sequential Two-Staged Injection Molding Process

Author

HUANG, D. Y. and CHEN, R. S.

Subjects
Plastics industry -- Production management, Polystyrene -- Production management, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology, Production management
Abstract

The effects of processing parameters, such as melt temperature, mold temperature and cooling time, on the bonding strength of the interface in a sequential two-staged injection molding process were investigated [...]

Published
1999

12. Oxidative stress impairs multiple regulatory events to drive persistent cytokine-stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation

Author

Huang, C-T, Huang, D-Y, Hu, C-J, Wu, D, Lin, W-W, Huang, C-T, Huang, D-Y, Hu, C-J, Wu, D, and Lin, W-W

Abstract

Although cytokine-driven STAT3 phosphorylation and activation are often transient, persistent activation of STAT3 is a hallmark of a range of pathologies and underpins altered transcriptional responses. As triggers in disease frequently include combined increases in inflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species levels, we report here how oxidative stress impacts on cytokine-driven STAT3 signal transduction events. In the model system of murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), combined treatment with the interleukin-6 family cytokine Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) drove persistent STAT3 phosphorylation whereas STAT3 phosphorylation increased only transiently in response to LIF alone and was not increased by H2O2 alone. Surprisingly, increases in transcript levels of the direct STAT3 gene target SOCS3 were delayed during the combined LIF + H2O2 treatment, leading us to probe the impact of oxidative stress on STAT3 regulatory events. Indeed, LIF + H2O2 prolonged JAK activation, delayed STAT3 nuclear localisation, and caused relocalisation of nuclear STAT3 phosphatase TC-PTP (TC45) to the cytoplasm. In exploring the nuclear import/ export pathways, we observed disruption of nuclear/cytoplasmic distributions of Ran and importin-alpha3 in cells exposed to H2O2 and the resultant reduced nuclear trafficking of Classical importin-alpha/3-dependent protein cargoes. CRM1-mediated nuclear export persisted despite the oxidative stress insult, with sustained STAT3 Y705 phosphorylation enhancing STAT3 nuclear residency. Our studies thus reveal for the first time the striking impact of oxidative stress to sustain STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear retention following disruption of multiple regulatory events, with significant implications for STAT3 function.

Published
2014

13. Decreased bone density and increased phosphaturia in gene-targeted mice lacking functional serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 3

Author

Bhandaru, M, Kempe, D S, Rotte, A, Capuano, P, Pathare, G, Sopjani, M, Alesutan, I, Tyan, L, Huang, D Y, Siraskar, B, Judenhofer, M S, Stange, G, Pichler, B J, Biber, J, Quintanilla-Martinez, L, Wagner, C A, Pearce, D, Föller, M, Lang, F, Bhandaru, M, Kempe, D S, Rotte, A, Capuano, P, Pathare, G, Sopjani, M, Alesutan, I, Tyan, L, Huang, D Y, Siraskar, B, Judenhofer, M S, Stange, G, Pichler, B J, Biber, J, Quintanilla-Martinez, L, Wagner, C A, Pearce, D, Föller, M, and Lang, F

Abstract

Insulin and growth factors activate the phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase pathway, leading to stimulation of several kinases including serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase isoform SGK3, a transport regulating kinase. Here, we explored the contribution of SGK3 to the regulation of renal tubular phosphate transport. Coexpression of SGK3 and sodium-phosphate cotransporter IIa significantly enhanced the phosphate-induced current in Xenopus oocytes. In sgk3 knockout and wild-type mice on a standard diet, fluid intake, glomerular filtration and urine flow rates, and urinary calcium ion excretion were similar. However, fractional urinary phosphate excretion was slightly but significantly larger in the knockout than in wild-type mice. Plasma calcium ion, phosphate concentration, and plasma parathyroid hormone levels were not significantly different between the two genotypes, but plasma calcitriol and fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations were significantly lower in the knockout than in wild-type mice. Moreover, bone density was significantly lower in the knockouts than in wild-type mice. Histological analysis of the femur did not show any differences in cortical bone but there was slightly less prominent trabecular bone in sgk3 knockout mice. Thus, SGK3 has a subtle but significant role in the regulation of renal tubular phosphate transport and bone density.Kidney International advance online publication, 30 March 2011; doi:10.1038/ki.2011.67.

Published
2011

17. Multiple Decision Procedures in Analysis of Variance and Regression Analysis.

Author

PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION LAFAYETTE IN, Gupta, S. S., Huang, D. Y., Panchapakesan, S., PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION LAFAYETTE IN, Gupta, S. S., Huang, D. Y., and Panchapakesan, S.

Abstract

We consider testing of the homogeneity hypothesis in the one-way ANOVA model and testing for the significance of regression in the multiple linear regression model. Unlike in the classical approach, there is no alternative hypothesis to accept when the null hypothesis is rejected. When there is a substantial deviation from the null hypothesis we reject the null hypothesis and also identify the independent variables or the levels that contributed most towards the deviation from the null hypothesis.

Published
1996

24. Serine 13 is the site of mitotic phosphorylation of human thymidine kinase.

Author

Chang, Z F, Huang, D Y, and Chi, L M

Abstract

It has been reported that the polypeptide of thymidine kinase type 1 (TK1) from human and mouse cells can be modified by phosphorylation. Our laboratory has further shown that the level of human TK phosphorylation increases during mitotic arrest in different cell types (Chang, Z.-F., Huang, D.-Y., and Hsue, N.-C. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269:21249-21254). In the present study, we demonstrated that a mutation converting Ser13 to Ala abolished the mitotic phosphorylation of native TK1 expressed in Ltk- cells. Furthermore, we expressed recombinant proteins of wild-type and mutated human TK1 with fused FLAG epitope in HeLa cells, and confirmed the occurrence of mitotic phosphorylation on Ser13 of hTK1. By using an in vitro phosphorylation assay, it was shown that wild-type hTK1, but not mutant TK1(Ala13), could serve as a good substrate for Cdc2 or Cdk2 kinase. Coexpression of p21(waf1/cip1), which is a universal inhibitor of Cdk kinases, in Ltk- fibroblasts also suppressed mitotic phosphorylation of hTK1 expressed in this cell line. Thus, Cdc2 or related kinase(s) is probably involved in mitotic phosphorylation on Ser13 of the hTK1 polypeptide. We also found that mutation on Ser13 did not affect the functional activity of hTK1. As the sequences around Ser13 are highly conserved in vertebrate TK1s, we speculate that phosphorylation of Ser13 may play a role in the regulation of TK1 expression in the cell cycle.

Published
1998

25. Identification of an essential cis-element near the transcription start site for transcriptional activation of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene.

Author

Huang, D Y and Prystowsky, M B

Abstract

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) stimulates T lymphocyte proliferation and induces the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a processivity factor for DNA polymerase delta. Previously, deletion analysis suggested cis-element(s) in the proximal region of the PCNA promoter (-40 to +143) are required for IL-2 induction in cloned T lymphocytes. The sequence 5'-TTGCGGGC-3' located at +10 to +17 is similar to the E2F consensus binding site and is required for optimal PCNA promoter activity. In IL-2-stimulated T cells, nuclear proteins are induced to bind to this sequence as demonstrated using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), competition EMSA, and methylation interference analysis. A 180-kDa polypeptide was detected by UV cross-linking to bind specifically to the PCNA E2F-like sequence. Our data indicate that the protein bound to the PCNA E2F-like site is not one of the transcription factor E2F proteins. Our results demonstrate that the E2F-like sequence and the protein(s) binding to it are required for optimal PCNA promoter activity and IL-2 induction of PCNA expression.

Published
1996

26. Different regulation of the human thymidine kinase promoter in normal human diploid IMR-90 fibroblasts and HeLa cells.

Author

Chang, Z F, Huang, D Y, and Lai, T C

Abstract

Transcriptional activation of the human thymidine kinase (hTK) promoter plays an important role in the cell cycle control of thymidine kinase expression. Using the luciferase reporter cotransfection assay, we found that the activity of the hTK promoter in IMR-90 normal human diploid fibroblasts was increased by the constitutively over-expressed cyclin A or cyclin E but not by cyclin D, suggesting that the former two cyclins may act as positive regulators for the hTK promoter. The sequence responsible for the transcriptional activation by cyclin E was identified to be located between -133 and -92 of the hTK promoter. Regulation of the hTK promoter in HeLa cells appeared to be different from that in IMR-90 fibroblasts. Firstly, the hTK promoter in HeLa was already highly activated and could not be further activated by ectopically expressed cyclin A or E. Secondly, the -133 to -92 region of the hTK promoter was important for the promoter strength in HeLa cells but not in IMR-90 cells. The steady-state levels of cyclins A and E were readily detected in HeLa cells but not in normal IMR-90 fibroblasts. Based on these results, we propose that the cellular environment of the HeLa cell allows the hTK promoter to stay fully activated for transcription regardless of ectopically expressed cyclin A or E and that transcriptional activation of thymidine kinase gene is deregulated in these tumor cells.

Published
1995

28. On Selecting an Optimal Subset of Regression Variables.

Author

PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IND DEPT OF STATISTICS, Gupta,Shanti S, Huang,D Y, PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IND DEPT OF STATISTICS, Gupta,Shanti S, and Huang,D Y

Abstract

In the past decade a number of methods have been developed for selecting the best or at least a good subset of variables in regression analysis. For various reasons, there may be interest in including only a subset say, of size rp, the number of independent variables. Various authors have considered this problem and a variety of techniques are presently being used to construct such subsets. Most of these seem to lack justification in terms of statistical theory. This paper is interested in deriving a selection procedure to select a random size optimal subset such that all inferior independent variables are excluded. Some results on the efficiency of the procedure are also discussed.

Published
1977

29. Transformation of vocal characteristics: A review of literature

Author

Huang, D. -Y, Ong, E. P., Rahardja, S., Dong, M., and Haizhou Li

Subjects
Emotion, Voice Quality, Speech Perception, Individuality, Speech Production, Voice transformation, Speaking Style
Abstract

The transformation of vocal characteristics aims at modifying voice such that the intelligibility of aphonic voice is increased or the voice characteristics of a speaker (source speaker) to be perceived as if another speaker (target speaker) had uttered it. In this paper, the current state-of-the-art voice characteristics transformation methodology is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on voice transformation methodology and issues for improving the transformed speech quality in intelligibility and naturalness are discussed. In particular, it is suggested to use the modulation theory of speech as a base for research on high quality voice transformation. This approach allows one to separate linguistic, expressive, organic and perspective information of speech, based on an analysis of how they are fused when speech is produced. Therefore, this theory provides the fundamentals not only for manipulating non-linguistic, extra-/paralinguistic and intra-linguistic variables for voice transformation, but also for paving the way for easily transposing the existing voice transformation methods to emotion-related voice quality transformation and speaking style transformation. From the perspectives of human speech production and perception, the popular voice transformation techniques are described and classified them based on the underlying principles either from the speech production or perception mechanisms or from both. In addition, the advantages and limitations of voice transformation techniques and the experimental manipulation of vocal cues are discussed through examples from past and present research. Finally, a conclusion and road map are pointed out for more natural voice transformation algorithms in the future., {"references":["H. Traunm├╝ller. 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Vincent and O. Rosec. A new method for speech synthesis and\ntransformation based on a ARX-LF source-filter decomposition and\nHNM modeling. in ICASSP, 2007.\n[37] Y. Agiomyrgiannakis, O. Rosec. ARX-LF-based source-filter methods\nfor voice modification and transformation. icassp, pp.3589-3592, 2009.\n[38] R. J. McAulay and T. F. Quatieri. Speech analysis/synthesis based on a\nsinusoidal representation. IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal\nProcessing, ASSP-34(4):744-754, Aug 1986.\n[39] P. Depalle and G. Poirrot. SVP: A modular system for analysis,\nprocessing and synthesis of sound signals. in Proceedings of the\nInternational Computer Music Conference, 1991.\n[40] J. Laroche and M. Dolson. Improved phase vocoder timescale\nmodification of audio. IEEE Transactions on Audio and Speech\nProcessing, vol. 7, no. 3, 1999.\n[41] H. Kawahara. Speech representation and transformation using adaptive\ninterpolation of weighted spectrum: vocoder revisited. In Proc. IEEE Int.\nConf. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, pages 1303-1306, Munich,\nGermany, 1997.\n[42] J. Liu, G. Beaudoin, and G. Chollet. Studies of glottal excitation and\nvocal tract parameters using inverse filtering and a parameterized input\nmodel. In Proc. ICSLP-92, pages 1051-1054, Banff, Alberta, Canada,\n1992.\n[43] P. Alku. Glottal wave analysis with pitch synchronous iterative adaptive\ninverse filtering. Speech Communication, 11:109-118, 1992.\n[44] O. O. Akande, and P. J. Murphy. Estimation of the vocal tract tranfer\nfunction with application to glottal wave analysis. Speech\nCommunication, 46:15-36, 2005.\n[45] D. G. Childers. Glottal source modeling for voice conversion. Speech\nCommunication, 16:127-138, 1995.\n[46] G. Fant, J. Liljentcrats, and Q. Lin. A four parameter model of glottal\nflow. In Quarterly Progress and Status Report, number 4 in STL-QPSR,\npages 1-13. KTH, Stockholm, Sweden, 1985.\n[47] C. d-Alessandro, and B. Doval. Experiments in voice quality\nmodification of natural speech signals: the spectral approach. In Proc.\n3rd ESCA/COCOSDA Workshop (ETRW) on Speech Synthesis, Jenolan\nCaves House, Blue Mountains, NSW, Australia, 1998.\n[48] P. Mokhtari, H. R. Pfitzinger, and C. T. Ishi. Principal components of\nglottal waveforms: towards parameterisation and manipulation of\nlaryngeal voice quality. In Proc. VOQUAL-03, Geneva, 2003.\n[49] M. Lugger, B. Yang, and W. Wokurek. Robust estimation of voice\nquality parameters under real world disturbances. In Proc. ICASSP-06,\npages 1097-1100, 2006.\n[50] K. Shikano, K. Lee, and R. Reddy, \"Speaker adaptation through vector\nquantization,\" in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, Signal\nProcessing, 1986, pp. 2643-2646.\n[51] H. Valbret, E. Moulines, and J. Tubach. Voice transformation using\nPSOLA technique. Speech Communication, 11:175-187, 1992.\n[52] A. Kain, and M. W. Macon. Spectral voice conversion for text-to-speech\nsynthesis. In Proc. ICASSP-98, volume 1, pages 285-288, 1998.\n[53] L. M. Arslan. Speaker transformation algorithm using segmental\ncodebooks (STASC). Speech Communication, 28:211-226, 1999.\n[54] O. Turk, and L. M. Arslan. Robust processing techniques for voice\nconversion. Computer Speech and Language, 20:441-467, 2006.\n[55] Y. Stylianou, O. Cappé, and E. Moulines, E. Continuous probabilistic\ntransform for voice conversion. IEEE Trans. on Speech and Audio\nProcessing, 6(2):131-142, 1998.\n[56] P. Woodland. Speaker adaptation for continuous density hmms: a\nreview. In Proc. ITRW on Adaptation Methods for Speech Recognition,\npages 11-19, Sophia Antipolis, 2001.\n[57] T. Yoshimura, K. Tokuda, T. Masuko, T. Kobayashi, and T. Kitamura.\nSimultaneous modeling of spectrum, pitch and duration in HMM-based\nspeech synthesis. In Proc. Eurospeech-99, volume 5, pages 2347-2350,\nBudapest, Hungary, 1999.\n[58] T.Masuko, T., Tokuda, K., Kobayashi, T., and Imai, S. (1997). Voice\ncharacteristics conversion for HMM-based speech synthesis. In Proc.\nICASSP-97, pages 1611-1614.\n[59] T. Yoshimura, T. Masuko, K. Tokuda, T. Kobayashi, and T. Kitamura.\nSpeaker interpolation in HMM-based speech synthesis system. In Proc.\nEurospeech-97, Rhodos, Greece, 1997.\n[60] M. Tamura, T. Masuko, K. Tokuda, and T. Kobayashi. Speaker\nadaptation for HMM-based speech synthesis usingMLLR. In Proc. 3rd\nESCA/COCOSDAWorkshop (ETRW) on Speech Synthesis, Blue\nMountains, Australia, 1998.\n[61] K. Shichiri, A. Sawabe, T. Yoshimura, K. Tokuda, T. Masuko, T.\nKobayashi, and T. Kitamura. Eigenvoices for HMM-based speech\nsynthesis. In Proc. ICSLP-02, Denver, Colorado, 2002.\n[62] O. Cappé, J. Laroche, and E. Moulines. Regularized estimation of\ncepstrum envelope from discrete frequency points. In Proc. IEEE ASSP\nWorkshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics,\nMohonk, 1995.\n[63] E. Moulines, and F. Charpentier. Pitch-synchronous waveform\nprocessing techniques for text-to-speech synthesis using diphones.\nSpeech Communication, 9(5):453-467, 1990.\n[64] E. Moulines, and W. Verhelst. Time-domain and frequency-domain\ntechniques for prosodic modification of speech. In Kleijn, W. and\nPaliwal, K., editors, Speech Coding and Synthesis, chapter 15, pages\n519-555. Elsevier Science B.V., 1995.\n[65] Laver, J. (1980). The Phonetic Description of Voice Quality. Cambridge\nUniversity Press.\n[66] L.D. Alsteris and K.K. Paliwal. Short-time phase spectrum in speech\nprocessing: A review and some experimental results. Digital Signal\nProcessing, 17:578-616, 2007.\n[67] A. Kain, and M. W. Macon. Design and evaluation of a voice conversion\nalgorithm based on spectral envelop mapping and residual prediction. In\nProc. ICASSP-01, 2001.\n[68] J. Yamagishi, H. Zen, Y.-J. Wu, T. Toda, and K. Tokuda. The HTS-2008\nsystem: Yet another evaluation of the speaker-adaptive HMM-based\nspeech synthesis system in the 2008 Blizzard Challenge. In Proc.\nBlizzard Challenge 2008, Brisbane, Australia, September 2008.\n[69] G. Baudoin, and Y. Stylianou. On the transformation of the speech\nspectrum for voice conversion. In Proc. ICSLP-96, Philadelphia, PA,\nUSA, 1996."]}

30. Field Study of Foundation of Extension Project to Tongji University Library in Shanghai

Author

Dong, J. G., Qian, Y. P., Lu, G., Huang, D. Y., Dong, J. G., Qian, Y. P., Lu, G., and Huang, D. Y.

Abstract

The extended building to Tongji University Library is composed of two cantilever beam structure towers with height of 50 m and 11 floor. In order not to affect the normal serviceability of the original library the large and deep compensated box foundation is adopted and a diaphragm wall close against box is employed as an anti-permeability veneering structure. Practice in this extension project has shown that compensated foundation is one kind of the best foundations for tall buildings in the areas with dense buildings in Shanghai. This paper studies in detail the distribution of contact pressure beneath box foundation. It has been found such composite foundation structure can improve the distribution of contact pressure, then reduce the moment and settlement of foundation. Based on the measured values of contact pressure the friction between box foundation and diaphragm wall can be predicted.

35. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Cheirotonus jansoni (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).

Author

Shao LL, Huang DY, Sun XY, Hao JS, Cheng CH, Zhang W, and Yang Q

Subjects
Animals, Base Sequence, Coleoptera classification, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Coleoptera genetics, Genome, Insect, Genome, Mitochondrial
Abstract

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Cheirotonus jansoni (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), an endangered insect species from Southeast Asia. This long legged scarab is widely collected and reared for sale, although it is rare and protected in the wild. The circular genome is 17,249 bp long and contains a typical gene complement: 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 putative tRNA genes, and a non-coding AT-rich region. Its gene order and arrangement are identical to the common type found in most insect mitogenomes. As with all other sequenced coleopteran species, a 5-bp long TAGTA motif was detected in the intergenic space sequence located between trnS(UCN) and nad1. The atypical cox1 start codon is AAC, and the putative initiation codon for the atp8 gene appears to be GTC, instead of the frequently found ATN. By sequence comparison, the 2590-bp long non-coding AT-rich region is the second longest among the coleopterans, with two tandem repeat regions: one is 10 copies of an 88-bp sequence and the other is 2 copies of a 153-bp sequence. Additionally, the A+T content (64%) of the 13 protein-coding genes is the lowest among all sequenced coleopteran species. This newly sequenced genome aids in our understanding of the comparative biology of the mitogenomes of coleopteran species and supplies important data for the conservation of this species.

Published
2014
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36. Effects of partial tonsillectomy on the immune functions of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome at early stage.

Author

Dai ZY, Huang DY, and Zhou CY

Subjects
Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Humoral, Male, Palatine Tonsil immunology, Palatine Tonsil surgery, Postoperative Period, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive pathology, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive surgery, Palatine Tonsil pathology, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive blood, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive immunology, Tonsillectomy
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the humoral and cellular immunity of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and hypertrophy of tonsils before and after plasma-mediated temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation treatment. Fifty-seven children suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and with hypertrophy of tonsils were enrolled in this study. Thirty-seven children were grouped in the partial tonsillectomy group and 20, in the tonsillectomy group. The levels of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD4(+)/CD8(+) were measured for cellular immunity, and the levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM were measured for humoral immunity. Blood samples were collected before and 1 and 3 months after the operation. The IgG, IgA, and IgM levels in the tonsillectomy group were significantly decreased 1 month after the operation, and recovered to the normal levels within 3 months of the operation (P < 0.05). However, the levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM in the partial tonsillectomy group decreased slightly, without a significant difference (P > 0.05). The cellular immunity of the 2 groups was not statistically different pre- and post-operation (P > 0.05). The results from the present study indicate that partial tonsillectomy by plasma-mediated temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation did not impact on the humoral and cellular immunity of children.

Published
2014
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37. Reduced mortality and severe disability rates in the SENTIS trial.

Author

Schellinger PD, Shuaib A, Köhrmann M, Liebeskind DS, Jovin T, Hammer MD, Sen S, Huang DY, Solander S, Gupta R, Leker RR, and Saver JL

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain Ischemia diagnosis, Female, Humans, Incidence, Internationality, Male, Middle Aged, Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Risk Assessment, Stroke diagnosis, Survival Rate, Therapeutic Occlusion methods, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Brain Ischemia mortality, Brain Ischemia therapy, Disability Evaluation, Nervous System Diseases mortality, Nervous System Diseases prevention & control, Stroke mortality, Stroke therapy, Therapeutic Occlusion mortality
Abstract

Background and Purpose: The Safety and Efficacy of NeuroFlo Technology in Ischemic Stroke trial showed a trend for reduced all-cause mortality and positive secondary safety end point outcomes. We present further analyses of the mortality and severe disability data from the Safety and Efficacy of NeuroFlo Technology in Ischemic Stroke trial., Materials and Methods: The Safety and Efficacy of NeuroFlo Technology in Ischemic Stroke trial was a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial that evaluated the safety and effectiveness of the NeuroFlo catheter in patients with stroke. The current analysis was performed on the as-treated population. All-cause and stroke-related mortality rates at 90 days were compared between groups, and logistic regression models were fit to obtain ORs and 95% CIs for the treated versus not-treated groups. We categorized death-associated serious adverse events as neurologic versus non-neurologic events and performed multiple logistic regression analyses. We analyzed severe disability and mortality by outcomes of the mRS. Patient allocation was gathered by use of a poststudy survey., Results: All-cause mortality trended in favor of treated patients (11.5% versus 16.1%; P = .079) and stroke-related mortality was significantly reduced in treated patients (7.5% versus 14.2%; P = .009). Logistic regression analysis for freedom from stroke-related mortality favored treatment (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.22, 4.77; P = .012). Treated patients had numerically fewer neurologic causes of stroke-related deaths (52.9% versus 73.0%; P = .214). Among the 90-day survivors, nominally fewer treated patients were severely disabled (mRS 5) (5.6% versus 7.5%; OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 0.72, 4.14; P = .223). Differences in allocation of care did not account for the reduced mortality rates., Conclusions: There were consistent reductions in all-cause and stroke-related mortality in the NeuroFlo-treated patients. This reduction in mortality did not result in an increase in severe disability.

Published
2013
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38. Complete mitochondrial genomes of the Bright Sunbeam Curetis bulis and the Small Copper Lycaena phlaeas (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) and their phylogenetic implications.

Author

Zhang LL, Hao JS, Huang DY, Sun XY, Hao JJ, Peng CM, and Yang Q

Subjects
Animals, Base Composition, Base Sequence, Codon genetics, Genome, Insect, Insect Proteins genetics, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Open Reading Frames, Phylogeny, RNA, Transfer genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Butterflies genetics, Genome, Mitochondrial
Abstract

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of Curetis bulis and Lycaena phlaeas were determined and analyzed. The circular genomes are 15,162 bp long for C. bulis and 15,280 bp long for L. phlaeas, with a total A+T content of 82.6 and 83.1%, respectively. Both mitogenomes contain 37 genes, and their gene orders are similar to those of other lepidopterans. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) are initiated by ATN codons, except for cox1, which is started with the CGA codon; all PCGs terminate in the typical stop codon TAA, except for cox1, cox2, and nad4, which end with a single T. The codons TTA (Leu), ATT (Ile), TTT (Phe), ATA (Met), and AAT (Asn) appear the most frequently. Both of the mitogenome A+T-rich regions harbor the motif ATAGA, followed by a 19-bp poly(T) stretch, with C. bulis containing a microsatellite-like (AT)5 element next to the ATTTA motif, and L. phlaeas containing a microsatellite-like (TA)6 (AT) element next to the ATTTA motif. The phylogenetic trees of the 17 representative butterfly species, including the two species of this study, were reconstructed with the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, based on the 13 PCG nucleotide sequence data. The results of the phylogenetic analyses strongly supported the relationships of ((((Lycaenidae + Pieridae) + Nymphalidae) + Hesperiidae) + Papilionidae), which was markedly different from the traditional morphological view of the Lycaenidae and Nymphalidae considered to be sisters of each other.

Published
2013
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39. Enhanced reductive dechlorination of DDT in an anaerobic system of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria and iron oxide.

Author

Li FB, Li XM, Zhou SG, Zhuang L, Cao F, Huang DY, Xu W, Liu TX, and Feng CH

Subjects
Anaerobiosis, Biotransformation, Oxidation-Reduction, DDT metabolism, Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane metabolism, Ferric Compounds metabolism, Iron metabolism, Shewanella metabolism
Abstract

The transformation of DDT was studied in an anaerobic system of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (Shewanella decolorationis S12) and iron oxide (alpha-FeOOH). The results showed that S. decolorationis could reduce DDT into DDD, and DDT transformation rate was accelerated by the presence of alpha-FeOOH. DDD was observed as the primary transformation product, which was demonstrated to be transformed in the abiotic system of Fe(2+)+alpha-FeOOH and the system of DIRB+alpha-FeOOH. The intermediates of DDMS and DBP were detected after 9 months, likely suggesting that reductive dechlorination was the main dechlorination pathway of DDT in the iron-reducing system. The enhanced reductive dechlorination of DDT was mainly due to biogenic Fe(II) sorbed on the surface of alpha-FeOOH, which can serve as a mediator for the transformation of DDT. This study demonstrated the important role of DIRB and iron oxide on DDT and DDD transformation under anaerobic iron-reducing environments., (Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2010
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40. The origin of crustaceans: new evidence from the Early Cambrian of China.

Author

Chen JY, Vannier J, and Huang DY

Subjects
Animals, China, Biological Evolution, Crustacea anatomy & histology, Fossils
Abstract

One of the smallest arthropods recently discovered in the Early Cambrian Maotianshan Shale Lagerstätte is described. Ercaia gen. nov. has an untagmatized trunk bearing serially repeated biramous appendages (long and segmented endopods and flap-like exopods), a head with an acron bearing stalked lateral eyes and a sclerite and two pairs of antennae. The position of this 520 million-year-old tiny arthropod within the Crustacea is supported by several anatomical features: (i) a head with five pairs of appendages including two pairs of antennae, (ii) highly specialized antennae (large setose fans with a possible function in feeding), and (iii) specialized last trunk appendages (segmented pediform structures fringed with setae). The segmentation pattern of Ercaia (5 head and 13 trunk) is close to that of Maxillopoda but lacks the trunk tagmosis of modern representatives of the group. Ercaia is interpreted as a possible derivative of the stem group Crustacea. Ercaia is likely to have occupied an ecological niche similar to those of some Recent meiobenthic organisms (e.g. copepods living in association with sediment). This new fossil evidence supports the remote ancestry of crustaceans well before the Late Cambrian and shows, along with other fossil data (mainly Early Cambrian in China), that a variety of body plans already coexisted among the primitive crustacean stock.

Published
2001
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41. Interaction of human thymidine kinase 1 with p21(Waf1).

Author

Huang DY and Chang ZF

Subjects
Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Division, Cell Line, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases metabolism, DNA Primers, Humans, Mice, Precipitin Tests, Protein Binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, CDC2-CDC28 Kinases, Cyclins metabolism, Thymidine Kinase metabolism
Abstract

The overexpression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21(Waf1) can inhibit cell proliferation, which is mediated by direct binding to CDK and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen. In this study, we demonstrated that human cytosolic thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) polypeptide can form a complex with p21(Waf1). The C-terminal domain of p21(Waf1) appeared to interact with the TK1 polypeptide, but, despite the inhibitory function of p21(Waf1), their association did not alter TK1 functional activity. However, overexpression of TK1 overcame p21(Waf1)-mediated growth suppression and blocked the association of CDK2 with p21(Waf1), suggesting that TK1 interferes with the inhibitory function of p21(Waf1). Based on these results, we here propose that the molecular function of p21(Waf1) in cells can be perturbed through its interaction with another cellular protein, TK1.

Published
2001
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42. Regulation of thymidine kinase expression during cellular senescence.

Author

Chang ZF and Huang DY

Subjects
Blotting, Western, CCAAT-Binding Factor metabolism, Cyclin A metabolism, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases metabolism, DNA genetics, DNA metabolism, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E, Fibroblasts, G1 Phase, Humans, Mutation genetics, Peptide Initiation Factors metabolism, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, Protein Binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Purines pharmacology, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Response Elements genetics, Roscovitine, S Phase, Sp1 Transcription Factor metabolism, Thymidine Kinase metabolism, Transcription, Genetic drug effects, Transcription, Genetic genetics, Transfection, CDC2-CDC28 Kinases, Cellular Senescence physiology, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic drug effects, Thymidine Kinase genetics
Abstract

As human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) in culture senesce, the expression of thymidine kinase (TK) and the activity of its promoter become attenuated. Herein we analyze the cis-elements involved in transcriptional activation of the hTK promoter, and show that the Sp1 binding site located at -118/-113 and one CCAAT box located at either -71/-67 or -40/-36 are critical for maximal expression of hTK promoter activity in young IMR-90 HDFs. However, the DNA binding activities to TK-CCAAT and Sp1 were not defective in serum-stimulated senescent HDFs. On the other hand, treatment of young HDFs during the late G1 transition with a specific inhibitor of CDK2, roscovitine, blocked the induction of TK RNA expression. Because CDK2 remained inactive during serum stimulation in senescent HDFs, it is likely that the impairment of TK expression in senescent HDFs during serum stimulation is relevant to the inactivation of CDK2, rather than to the controlling mechanism at the level of NF-Y and Sp1 activity., (Copyright 2001 National Science Council, ROC and S. Karger AG, Basel)

Published
2001
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43. Molecular characterization of the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase, an antifungal target in Cryptococcus neoformans.

Author

Soteropoulos P, Vaz T, Santangelo R, Paderu P, Huang DY, Tamás MJ, and Perlin DS

Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Azoles pharmacology, Base Sequence, Cell Membrane drug effects, Cell Membrane enzymology, Cell Membrane metabolism, Cloning, Molecular, Cryptococcus neoformans enzymology, Cryptococcus neoformans metabolism, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors pharmacology, DNA, Fungal analysis, Humans, Isoindoles, Molecular Sequence Data, Organoselenium Compounds pharmacology, Proton-Translocating ATPases antagonists & inhibitors, Proton-Translocating ATPases metabolism, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Serotyping, Cryptococcus neoformans genetics, Proton-Translocating ATPases genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
Abstract

The Cryptococcus neoformans PMA1 gene, encoding a plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase, was isolated from a genomic DNA library of serotype A strain ATCC 6352. An open reading frame of 3,380 nucleotides contains six introns and encodes a predicted protein consisting of 998 amino acids with a molecular mass of approximately 108 kDa. Plasma membranes were isolated, and the H(+)-ATPase was shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be slightly larger than the S. cerevisiae H(+)-ATPase, consistent with its predicted molecular mass. The plasma membrane-bound enzyme exhibited a pH 6.5 optimum for ATP hydrolysis, K(m) and V(max) values of 0.5 mM and 3.1 micromol mg(-1) min(-1), respectively, and an apparent K(i) for vanadate inhibition of 1.6 microM. ATP hydrolysis in plasma membranes and medium acidification by whole cells were inhibited by ebselen, a nonspecific H(+)-ATPase antagonist which was also fungicidal. The predicted C. neoformans protein is 35% identical to proton pumps of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi but exhibits more than 50% identity to PMA1 genes from plants. Collectively, this study provides the basis for establishing the Cryptococcus H(+)-ATPase as a viable target for antifungal drug discovery.

Published
2000
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44. Sodium reabsorption in thick ascending limb of Henle's loop: effect of potassium channel blockade in vivo.

Author

Huang DY, Osswald H, and Vallon V

Subjects
Adamantane analogs & derivatives, Adamantane pharmacology, Animals, Barium pharmacology, Cesium pharmacology, Charybdotoxin pharmacology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glyburide pharmacology, Loop of Henle drug effects, Male, Models, Biological, Morpholines pharmacology, Potassium metabolism, Potassium pharmacology, Potassium Channel Blockers, Potassium Channels physiology, Quinine pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Verapamil pharmacology, Loop of Henle metabolism, Sodium metabolism
Abstract

1. Based on previous in vitro studies, inhibition of K(+) recycling in thick ascending limb (TAL) is expected to lower Na(+) reabsorption through (i) reducing the luminal availability of K(+) to reload the Na(+)-2Cl(-)-K(+) cotransporter and (ii) diminishing the lumen positive transepithelial potential difference which drives paracellular cation transport. 2. This issue was investigated in anaesthetized rats employing microperfusion of Henle's loop downstream from late proximal tubular site with K(+)-free artificial tubular fluid in nephrons with superficial glomeruli. 3. The unselective K(+) channel blocker Cs(+) (5 - 40 mM) dose-dependently increased early distal tubular delivery of fluid and Na(+) with a maximum increase of approximately 20 and 185%, respectively, indicating predominant effects on water-impermeable TAL. 4. The modest inhibition of Na(+) reabsorption in response to the 15 mM of Cs(+) but not the enhanced inhibition by 20 mM Cs(+) was prevented by luminal K(+) supplementation. Furthermore, pretreatment with 20 mM Cs(+) did not attenuate the inhibitory effect of furosemide (100 microM) on Na(+)-2Cl(-)-K(+) cotransport. 5. Neither inhibitors of large (charybdotoxin 1 microM) nor low (glibenclamide 250 microM; U37883A 100 microM) conductance K(+) channels altered loop of Henle fluid or Na(+) reabsorption. 6. The intermediate conductance K(+) channel blockers verapamil and quinine (100 microM) modestly increased early distal tubular Na(+) but not fluid delivery, indicating a role for this K(+) channel in Na(+) reabsorption in TAL. As observed for equieffective concentrations of Cs(+) (15 mM), Na(+) reabsorption was preserved by K(+) supplementation. 7. The results indicate that modest inhibition of K(+) channels lowers the luminal availability of K(+) and thus transcellular Na(+) reabsorption in TAL. More complete inhibition lowers paracellular Na(+) transport probably by reducing or even abolishing the lumen positive transepithelial potential difference. Under the latter conditions, transcellular Na(+) transport may be restored by paracellular K(+) backleak.

Published
2000
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45. Eukaliuric diuresis and natriuresis in response to the KATP channel blocker U37883A: micropuncture studies on the tubular site of action.

Author

Huang DY, Osswald H, and Vallon V

Subjects
Adamantane administration & dosage, Adamantane pharmacology, Animals, Diuretics administration & dosage, Furosemide pharmacology, Glomerular Filtration Rate drug effects, Glomerular Filtration Rate physiology, Glyburide metabolism, Glyburide pharmacology, Hypoglycemic Agents metabolism, Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology, Kidney Tubules, Distal physiology, Kidney Tubules, Proximal physiology, Loop of Henle drug effects, Loop of Henle physiology, Morpholines administration & dosage, Natriuresis physiology, Potassium Channels physiology, Punctures, Rats, Adamantane analogs & derivatives, Diuresis physiology, Diuretics pharmacology, Kidney Tubules, Distal drug effects, Kidney Tubules, Proximal drug effects, Morpholines pharmacology, Potassium Channels drug effects
Abstract

1. Systemic application of U37883A, a blocker of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, elicits diuresis and natriuresis without significantly altering urinary potassium excretion. 2. To elucidate tubular sites of action upstream to the distal nephron, micropuncture experiments were performed in nephrons with superficial glomeruli of anaesthetized Munich-Wistar-Frömter rats during systemic application of U37883A (1, 5 or 15 mg kg-1 i.v.). 3. The observed eukaliuric diuresis and natriuresis in response to U37883A at 15 mg kg-1 was accompanied by an increase in early distal tubular flow rate (VED) from 10 - 18 nl min(-1) reflecting a reduction in fractional reabsorption of fluid up to this site (FR-fluid) of 13%. The latter proposed an effect on water-permeable segments such as the proximal tubule which could fully account for the observed reduction in fractional reabsorption of Na+ up to the early distal tubule (FR-Na+) of 8% and the increase in early distal tubular Na+ concentration ([Na+]ED) from 35 - 51 mM whereas [K+]ED was left unaltered. 4. In comparison, furosemide (3 mg kg-1 i.v.), which acts in the water-impermeable thick ascending limb, elicited diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis which were associated with a fall in FR-Na+ of 10% with no change in FR-fluid, and a rise in [Na+]ED from 42 - 117 mM and [K+]ED from 1.2 - 5.7 mM with no change in VED. 5. Direct late proximal tubular fluid collections confirmed a significant inhibition of fluid reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule in response to systemic application of U37883A. 6. These findings suggest that the diuretic and natriuretic effect upstream to the distal tubule in response to systemic application of U37883A involves actions on water-permeable segments such as the proximal convoluted tubule.

Published
1999
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46. Differential phosphorylation of human thymidine kinase in proliferating and M phase-arrested human cells.

Author

Chang ZF, Huang DY, and Hsue NC

Subjects
Alkaloids pharmacology, Cells, Cultured, Cyanogen Bromide, HeLa Cells, Humans, Hydrolysis, Immune Sera, Nocodazole pharmacology, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinase C antagonists & inhibitors, Serine metabolism, Staurosporine, Thymidine Kinase immunology, Cell Division, Mitosis, Thymidine Kinase metabolism
Abstract

The expression of cytosolic human thymidine kinase (TK) occurs in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Here, we show that TK is hyperphosphorylated during the M phase in several human cell lines. Our data from characterizing TK phosphorylation in proliferating and M phase-arrested HeLa cells suggest that the polypeptide of TK is differentially phosphorylated during the progression of the cell cycle. TK in the M phase-arrested HeLa cells was found to have a 10-fold lower affinity for its substrate, thymidine, than in the proliferating cells. We propose that phosphorylation of TK by the mitotic kinase(s) may provide an attenuating mechanism to prevent unnecessary synthesis of dTTP at the time of mitosis.

Published
1994

47. The regulation of thymidine kinase in HL-60 human promyeloleukemia cells.

Author

Chang ZF and Huang DY

Subjects
Amino Acids analysis, Blotting, Northern, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division drug effects, Cycloheximide pharmacology, Cytosol enzymology, Dactinomycin pharmacology, Enzyme Stability, Homeostasis, Humans, Kinetics, Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute, Mitosis, Molecular Weight, Phosphopeptides chemistry, Phosphopeptides isolation & purification, Phosphorylation, RNA, Neoplasm genetics, RNA, Neoplasm isolation & purification, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Thymidine Kinase isolation & purification, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Thymidine Kinase metabolism
Abstract

It has been well established that the regulation of thymidine kinase (TK) expression is highly growth-dependent. In this report, we present evidence that TK expression in undifferentiated HL-60 cells is not stringently controlled in a growth-dependent manner, except for a very moderate activation of TK in response to growth stimulation. Moreover, we have demonstrated for the first time that TK becomes phosphorylated, and the fluctuation of TK activity in these cells is related to the extent of phosphorylation of seryl residues of the TK polypeptide. This is further reinforced by the observation that the presence of Ser/Thr phosphatases inhibitor in the crude extract increases TK activity. Our data suggest that post-translational modification by phosphorylation is implicated in TK regulation in HL-60 cells.

Published
1993

48. A single 3.7-kilobase messenger RNA hybridizes to immediate-early promoter enhancer of human cytomegalovirus in HL-60 and acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Author

Chang ZF, Huang DY, and Lin CJ

Subjects
Acute Disease, Blotting, Northern, DNA, Neoplasm analysis, Humans, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, RNA Probes, RNA, Messenger ultrastructure, RNA, Neoplasm ultrastructure, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Cytomegalovirus genetics, Enhancer Elements, Genetic genetics, Leukemia, Myeloid genetics, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Neoplasm genetics
Abstract

Expression of a mRNA cross-hybridized to human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene promoter-enhancer was detected in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. The 0.6 kilobase of NruI/SacI DNA fragment of eukaryotic expression vector pCDM8 representing human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene promoter-enhancer was used as the probe to hybridize with polyadenylated RNA by the Northern blot analysis. A 3.7-kilobase strand of polyadenylated RNA was visualized in the cytoplasmic fraction of HL-60 promyelocytes. In contrast, other human hematopoietic cell lines, hepatoma cells, and normal human fibroblasts did not show such a transcript by cross-hybridization. This transcript was called CMVE RNA. The expression of CMVE mRNA was also detectable in the fresh blast cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and particularly from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia of the M3 type. Taken together, these findings suggest that the CMVE RNA-encoded gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Published
1991

49. Further evidence for phenotypes and gene frequencies of nine salivary polymorphisms in Japanese population.

Author

Ikemoto S, Tsuchida S, Hinohara H, Nishiumi E, Kajii E, Nagai A, Tomita K, and Huang DY

Subjects
Ethnicity, Genetic Markers, Humans, Japan, Parotid Gland metabolism, Phenotype, Sampling Studies, Gene Frequency, Polymorphism, Genetic, Saliva
Abstract

Nine salivary polymorphic systems (Pa, Pb, Pr, Db, PmF, PIF, Ph, Amy1 and s-AcP) were examined using parotid and whole saliva from random Japanese individuals. The gene frequencies obtained were: Pa+ = 0.221, Pb1 = 1.000 Pr1 = 0.741, Db+ = 0.033, PIF+ = 0.715, Ph+ = 0.029, Amyv1 = 0.013 and s-AcPA = 0.217, respectively.

Published
1987
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50. Intravenous alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide in normal volunteers: effects on renal, cardiovascular and endocrine functions.

Author

Tang J, Xie CW, Lin XW, Yang Q, Liu DQ, Huang DY, Shi SG, Qu HT, Wang YL, and Zhang TS

Subjects
Adult, Aldosterone blood, Angiotensin II blood, Blood Pressure drug effects, Cardiac Output drug effects, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Kidney drug effects, Male, Middle Aged, Stroke Volume drug effects, Atrial Natriuretic Factor pharmacology, Hemodynamics drug effects, Renin-Angiotensin System drug effects
Published
1985

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