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Copyright of Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji is the property of Gazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a vascular proliferation associated with Human Herpes Virus 8. Typical histopathological findings of KS are characterized by vascular proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, extravasated erythrocytes and spindle cell proliferation, although it varies according to the stage. In this study, the clinical-histopathological features of patients with KS were examined. The value of histopathological parameters in the diagnosis was investigated. Methods: Patients with KS diagnosed in University of Health Sciences Turkey, Samsun Training and Research Hospital Medical Pathology Department between 2016-2020 were retrospectively scanned. Clinical and tumor features and histopathological changes in the surrounding tissue were evaluated. Results: The most common histopathological features belonging to tumor were extravasated erythrocytes, spindle cell changes, fascicle formation, slit-like space; the most common epidermal features were hyperkeratosis and acanthosis; the most common peritumoral features were the presence of large vessels and ectatic vessels in the periphery. There was a significant relationship between the promontory sign and the lymphangioma-like area and ulcer. Also there was a significant relationship between nuclear atypia and lymphangioma-like area. Conclusion: While most of the histopathological features are characteristic for KS, none of them alone is specific. They should be evaluated together with all structural, tumoral and peritumoral features during the diagnostic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antibiotic, is a drug used in the treatment of various types of cancer. It causes damage to organs such as lung, kidney, heart, liver, brain and ovary as a result of apoptosis, inflammation, free radical formation, mitochondrial DNA damage. Agomelatine (AGO) is an agonist of the powerful antioxidant melatonin. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of AGO in heart, brain, kidney, liver and ovary tissues has been demonstrated by various studies. In this study, we aimed to determine the protective effect of AGO on the toxicity of doxorubicin in the uterine tissue. Material and Method This study was carried out on 32 rats, 8 female rats in each group. Experimental groups: Control was formed from 4 groups as DOX, DOX+AGO20 and DOX+AGO40. The rats in the control group were given 1 ml of saline (SF) once a day by oral gavage for 12 days and intraperitoneally only on the 12th day. The animals in the DOX group were given 1 ml of saline by oral gavage every day for 12 days and a single dose of 40 mg/kg DOX intraperitoneally (i.p.) on the 12th day. Animals in the DOX+AGO20 group were given 20 mg/kg AGO by oral gavage method every day for 12 days. On the 12th day, i.p. 40 mg/kg DOX was given. Animals in the DOX+AGO40 group were given 40 mg/kg AGO by oral gavage method every day for 12 days. On the 12th day, i.p. 40 mg/kg DOX was given. Results As a result of the histopathological procedures and examinations, it was observed that the damage to the uterine tissues of the DOX group was reduced in the groups that were administered DOX+ AGO20 and DOX+AGO40 combined. As a result of immunostaining (E-cadherin and eNOS), it was determined that the staining intensity was higher in the DOX group and less in the DOX+ AGO20 and DOX+AGO40 combined groups. Conslusion As a result, we think that AGO has a protective effect against the damage caused by DOX in the uterine tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mesane kanserinin (BC) erken teşhisi, hastalığın tedavisi ve seyri için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Teşhis için en etkili yöntem, çeşitli işlemlerin uygulandığı doku örneğinin patolog tarafından mikroskop altında incelenmesidir. Ancak bu yaklaşım subjektiftir ve patologların bilgi ve tecrübesine bağlı olarak değişebilir. Objektifliği artırmak ve patoloğa yardımcı olmak için bu çalışma, tam slayt görüntülerinden (WSI) otomatik mesane ürotelyal karsinom derecelendirmesini sunar. Naive Bayes, k en yakın komşu ve karar ağacı gibi 3 farklı makine öğrenme yöntemi kullanılarak performans karşılaştırması yapılır. Deneysel sonuçlar, karar ağacı yönteminin %82 ile en yüksek performansı elde ettiğini ve tanı sırasında patoloğa yardımcı olmak için kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Objective: Long-term complications of cesarean delivery are numerous and are increasing due to the high cesarean rate. The long-term complications are attributed to the different suturing methods. The single-layer locked (SLL) and double-layer unlocked (DLU) are the most compared. This study aims to compare the early histopathological properties of these two suture techniques in an experimental animal study. Material and Method: Ten pregnant Wistar-Albino rats had cesarean at term. The right uterine horns were repaired using the SLL suture technique, and the left ones were repaired using the DLU technique. The control subjects were the six uterine horns of three pregnant rats delivered vaginally. Each animal underwent a hysterectomy on day 15 of pregnancy, and each uterus was an experimental unit. The mean thickness of the endometrium and myometrium of the intervention groups with histopathological features and controls were compared. Result: In SLL and DLU groups, the endometrium (276.6±123.1 vs. 258.4±125.9 μm; p=0.748) and myometrium (531.7±189.2 vs. 505.9±182.1 μm; p=0.612) in scarred areas were similar. In nonscarred areas, the endometrium was measured as 239.9±68.9, 256.5±127.2, and 316.4±98.6 μm in SLL, DLU, and control group, respectively (p=0.347). The myometrium of non-scarred areas was also similar in all groups evaluated (387.2±119.9; 364.5±154.1 and 234.0±49.1 μm; p=0.265). The histopathological features of uteri repaired with two different techniques were also similar. Conclusion: The early histopathological properties of all uteri examined were similar after repairing with SLL or DLU techniques. These results indicate that the repair process does not differ in the early stages, regardless of the uterine closure technique used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the histopathological diagnosis and treatment of an intermuscular lipoma were reported in a dog. In the clinical inspection, there was a large mass in the caudal of the left femur and that the animal had difficulty in moving. On palpation, the mass was solid and painful. A decision was made to totally extirpate the mass, which was suspected to be a tumor. A wide skin incision was made from the caudal part of the left femur; the mass was separated from the surrounding tissues by blunt dissection and extirpated. Histopathological examination revealed that the mass was an intermuscular lipoma. In the postoperative period, the patient recovered completely and returned to its normal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovations such as the widespread use of motorized microscopes, the automatic scanning of the tissue taken from the patient and transferring it to a single large image, and the production of deep/adversarial networks specific to segmentation have increased the hope of automatically producing outputs very close to expert labeling in the segmentation problem. Particularly, it is known that segmentation performances are improved by integrating attention modules into classical 3D-UNet or GAN architectures. In this study, the effects of four different attention modules (DAF, DAF3D, DANet and MSA) were analyzed in solving the histopathological image segmentation problem. While single (SLF) and multiple (MLF) layer features are used together in DAF and DAF3D modules, two different mechanisms, position attention module and channel attention module, are used in DANet and MSA modules. As a result of the experimental studies, it has been seen that the DAF3D attention module maximizes the segmentation accuracy (0.76 mIoU and 0.89 PA). At the same time, the method with the lowest segmentation cost (0.156 seconds for 1 image) among the approaches was again DAF3D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cadmium, which is one of the toxic metals widely used in many areas of the world, is taken into the body in different ways. In this study, the damage caused by cadmium in the brain and how this damage affects the levels of glial fibrial acidic protein, 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), neuronal nitric oxide synthase, Süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), Glutatyon (GSH), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPX), inducible nitric oxide synthase, and malondialdehid (MDA) expression in the brain tissue were investigated. A total of 16 male Wistar albino rats 200-220 g were used in the experimental study. Rats were divided into 2 groups. A single cadmium i.p. dose of 0.025 mmol/kg was given to rats in the cadmium group. Rat brain tissue samples were analyzed using biochemical analyses as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. In the histopathological examination of the brain tissues, normal histological structure was observed in the brain samples belonging to the control group, while necrosis and degeneration of neurons in the brain, as well as hyperemia in the parenchyma and meningeal vessels were observed in the cadmium group. In immunohistochemical examinations, while glial fibrial acidic protein, 8-OHdG, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression was not observed in the brain samples of control group, severe expression of glial fibrial acidic protein, 8-OHdG, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase was observed in the brain tissue of the group receiving cadmium. In the biochemical analyses performed, it was observed that SOD, GSH, and GPx enzyme levels increased in cadmium groups, inducible nitric oxide synthase and MDA enzyme levels were decreased. As a result of this study, it is thought that markers' expression levels are important in understanding the oxidative stress in pathogenesis of cadmium toxicity and will provide a guide and important contributions to future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji is the property of Gazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The primary aim of thşis study was to evaluate difference in the number of patients with tru-cut biopsies to diagnose breast lesions between non-pandemic and pandemic periods. Materials and Methods: In this study, the nonpandemic period and the pandemic period were compared, the periods for the pandemic times, between March 1, 2018, and 29 February 2020, and for the nonpandemic period, 1 March 2020 to 12 March 2022 to 12 March 2022. In each period, we have included all the tru-cut biopsies for suspected breast cancer. During the pandemic and non-pandemic period, the number of tru-cut biopsies BI-RADS and histopathological findings of the patients who experienced tru-cut biopsies were compared. Results: The number of tru-cut biopsies performed during the nonpandemic and pandemic period was similar (1596, 1599). In the pandemic period, tru-cut biopsy histopathologic reports revealed that benign and high-risk cases decreased statistically, while invasive carcinoma cases increased by 1.9 (95% CI 1.6-2.2) times. During the pandemic period, US-guided BI-RADS 3 and BI-RADS 4a cases decreased statistically significantly, BBI-RADS 4b cases increased 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-2.2) times, BI-RADS 4c cases 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.2), BI-RADS 5 cases increased 2.1 (95% CI 1.4-3.1) times Conclusion: There was no significant change in tru-cut biopsy numbers compared to the period of the pandemic and the non-pandemic period. However, the stage of the cancers captured during the period of the pandemic was higher.

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amaç: Şırnak’ta yapılan üst gastrointestinal endoskopi bulguları ve histopatoloji sonuçlarının değerlendirilerek, saptanan bulguların sıklığının belirlenmesi ve literatür verileri ile karşılaştırarak, bölgesel farklılıkların gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ekim 2019 ve Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında Şırnak Devlet Hastanesi gastroenteroloji kliniği endoskopi ünitesinde yapılan üst gastrointestinal endoskopi raporları ve histopatoloji sonuçları hastane online datası ve hasta dosyalarından retrospektif olarak tarandı. Endikasyon nedenleri, endoskopik bulgular, histopatopatoloji sonuçları, hastaların demografik özelikleri kayıt altına alınarak SPPS 25 istatistik programı yardımı ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 1842 hastanın %51 (n:940)’ i erkek; yaş ortalaması 42,57±18,14 (dağılım 18-120) yıl idi ve bu hastaların %70,1 (n:1292)’ inden biyopsi alındı. En sık endikasyon dispepsi ve reflü semptomları (%63,9) idi. En sık rastlanan bulgular özofagusta özofajit (%39,8), midede eritemli/antral gastrit (%63,1) ve duodenumda duodenit (%14,3) idi. Üst gastrointestinal sistem kanseri, Barrett özofagusu, üst gastrointestinal sistem polibi, çölyak hastalığı sıklıkları, sırasıyla, %2,2 (n:40), %0,8 (n: 14); %3,3 (n:61); % 1,1 (n:20) idi. Helicobacter pylori, kronik inflamasyon, nötrofil aktivitesi, glandüler atrofi ve intestinal metaplazi sıklığı sırasıyla, %63,8, %86,1, %64,7, %4,2 ve %6,6 idi. 5 (%0,4) hastada endoskopi ve biyopsi bulguları otoimmun gastrit ile uyumlu saptandı. Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile Şırnak ilinde üst gastrointestinal endoskopi ve patoloji verileri, bilindiği kadarıyla, ilk kez ve güncel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulguların sıklığında zamanla değişim olduğu ve bölgesel farklılıklar olduğu tespit edildi. Bu bulguların gelecekte yapılacak epidemiyolojik çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between strain elastography and immunohistochemical markers, the histologic grade, and molecular subtyping in invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The relationships between the elastography index values and progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki-67, the histologic grade, and molecular subtype in 171 patients who had not received neoadjuvant treatment and underwent breast-conserving surgery were evaluated. Strain elastosonography were used to evaluate elastography index. Results: The mean patient age was 46.871 ± 11.949 years. There were 135, 129, and 90 estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptor-positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive patients, respectively. Forty-seven patients had the worst histological grade. Based on molecular subtyping, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, luminal A, luminal B, and triplenegative classifications were made for 25 (14.5%), 29 (17.0%), 109 (63.7%), and 8 (4.7%) cases, respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between the elastography index values and estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki-67, histologic grade, or molecular subtype among these breast resection cases. Conclusion: The elastography index value was insufficient to predict the specified histopathological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kanser tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların etkileri yalnızca kanser hücrelerine özgü olmayıp sağlıklı hücreleri de olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada antikanser bir ilaç olan paklitaksel’in (PAX) böbrek dokusundaki olası zararlı etkilerine karşı antioksidan etkileriyle öne çıkan silimarin’in (SLY) olası koruyucu etkilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı. Toplam 28 adet Sprague-Dawley cinsi dişi sıçandan rastgele bir seçimle: Kontrol, PAX, SLY ve PAX + SLY olmak üzere dört grup (n=7) oluşturuldu. PAX grubuna 2 mg/kg intraperitoneal yolla PAX, SLY grubuna oral gavaj sonda ile 100 mg/kg SLY, PAX + SLY grubuna ise önceki gruplarla aynı doz ve yolla PAX ve SLY uygulandı. Deneysel işlemlerin sonunda hayvanlardan alınan kan ve böbrek dokularında yapılan biyokimyasal analizlerde PAX’ın, böbrek dokusunda oksidatif stresi, serumda ise kreatinin (Cr) ve kan üre azotu (blood urea nitrogen, BUN) seviyelerini artırdığı tespit edildi. Böbrek dokusunda yapılan histopatolojik incelemelerde PAX’ın renal korpüskül atrofisi, fırçamsı kenarda hasar, vakuolar dejenerasyon ve deskuamasyon gibi patolojik değişikliklere yol açtığı gözlendi. Antienflamatuar, antiapoptotik ve antioksidan etkilere sahip bir farmakolojik ajan olan SLY uygulanması ise, PAX kullanımı sonucu meydana bu gelen patolojik değişiklikleri büyük oranda engelledi. Mevcut çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar PAX ile yapılacak tedavilerde böbrek dokusunda şekillenecek zararlı etkilere karşı koruyucu olarak SLY’nin kullanılabileceğini gösterdi.

Encephalitic listeriosis is the most significant purulent encephalitis in ruminants and is a very common endemic problem in sheep, cattle, and goats. In this study, it was aimed to compare the presence of Listeria (L.) monocytogenes revealed by immunohistochemical (IHC) and Real-Time PCR methods with histopathological findings obtained from the archive materials. The study material consisted of pons and medulla oblongata paraffin tissue of 100 ruminants (9 cattle, 4 calves, 44 sheep, 38 lambs, and 5 goats). Positivity was obtained by the IHC method in 46 (46%) and by the Real-Time PCR method in 21 (21%) of 100 cases. In the L. monocytogenesis antigen IHC scoring, more severe staining was observed in sheep and goats (P>0.05). In the IHC positive cases, microabscess was more severe in sheep and goats than in cattle and lambs (P<0.05). In addition, 19 patients had Coenurus cerebralis cysts, and 3 of them were found to be positive for the IHC agent of Listeria. It was concluded that IHC and PCR methods can be used to detect L. monocytogenes from paraffin blocks, but the IHC method is a more effective method than PCR in revealing the presence of antigen from paraffin blocks stored for many years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mersin Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mersin University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The primary aim of thşis study was to evaluate difference in the number of patients with tru-cut biopsies to diagnose breast lesions between non-pandemic and pandemic periods. Materials and Methods: In this study, the nonpandemic period and the pandemic period were compared, the periods for the pandemic times, between March 1, 2018, and 29 February 2020, and for the nonpandemic period, 1 March 2020 to 12 March 2022 to 12 March 2022. In each period, we have included all the tru-cut biopsies for suspected breast cancer. During the pandemic and nonpandemic period, the number of tru-cut biopsies BIRADS and histopathological findings of the patients who experienced tru-cut biopsies were compared. Results: The number of tru-cut biopsies performed during the nonpandemic and pandemic period was similar (1596, 1599). In the pandemic period, tru-cut biopsy histopathologic reports revealed that benign and high-risk cases decreased statistically, while invasive carcinoma cases increased by 1.9 (95% CI 1.6-2.2) times. During the pandemic period, US-guided BI-RADS 3 and BI-RADS 4a cases decreased statistically significantly, BBI-RADS 4b cases increased 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-2.2) times, BI-RADS 4c cases 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.2), BI-RADS 5 cases increased 2.1 (95% CI 1.4-3.1) times Conclusion: There was no significant change in tru-cut biopsy numbers compared to the period of the pandemic and the non-pandemic period. However, the stage of the cancers captured during the period of the pandemic was higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Van Tip Dergisi is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sakrokoksigeal teratomlar, her üç germ tabakasından doku içeren sakrokoksigeal bölgeden ortaya çıkan tümörlerdir. Sakrokoksigeal teratom (SKT), artan yaşla birlikte malign transformasyonu olan 40.000 canlı doğumda bir insidansı olan yenidoğanları, bebekleri ve çocukları etkileyen nispeten nadir bir tümördür. Kadınlarda erkeklerden dört kat daha sık görülür. Bu olgu çalışması ile birlikte SKT histopatolojik değerlendirme ve derecelenmesi değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. İmmatür ve malign transformasyon içeren patolojik spesmen incelemeleri dikkatlice yapılmalıdır.

Objective: The aim of this study, is to investigate the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection by culture, histology and rapid urease test (RUT) in gastric antrum biopsy samples taken from patients presenting with dyspeptic complaints and to determine the resistance of the isolates to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and metronidazole by antibiotic gradient method (E-test). Methods: Microbiological and histopathological examinations of 278 biopsy specimens taken from antrum and corpus regions were performed. The presence of H. pylori in biopsy samples was investigated by culture, histology and RUT. Antimicrobial resistance of the isolates against amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and metronidazole was determined by antibiotic gradient method. Sensitivity and specificity of histology and RUT were calculated by accepting culture as the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity for culture was also calculated by taking the co-positivity of both histology and RUT as the gold standard. Results: H. pylori positivity was detected in 140 of 278 patients with culture, 174 with histology, and 191 with RUT. Sensitivity and specificity of the culture, histology and RUT methods of the patients were 76.5% and 88.3%, 87.8% and 63%, 94.2% and 57.2%, respectively. Antibiotic resistance was investigated by antibiotic gradient method in 140 H. pylori strains isolated from culture. The resistance rates of H. pylori strains to the amoxillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and metronidazole were detected as 9 (%6.4), 22 (%15.7), 17 (%12.1), 57 (%40.7), respectively. Conclusions: In the study, RUT was found to be the most sensitive test among culture, histology and RUT methods. Although the specificity of the culture method was high, its sensitivity was found to be quite low compared to other methods. The low sensitivity of H. pylori culture may be caused by factors that affect the chances of direct isolation such as dealing with a fastidious microorganism, clinical sample retrieval and transport conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological changes that the mussels, which serve as important filters of the sea, cause in rat kidney tissue. Materials and Methods: In our study, 24 female (Wistar albino 6-10 week old rats) rats were used. First group (n: 6): fed with standard rat food, second group (n: 6): fed everyday with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food; third group (n: 6): fed 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food every two days; Fourth group (n: 6): were formed with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food to be given every three days. After the routine histopathological follow-up, all kidney tissue samples taken and control groups were analyzed with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and the nephrotoxic effect was immunoshistochemically with TGF-β and NF-κB and analyzed with a light microscope image analysis system. Results: Mussel-fed rats were found to cause inflammation in the kidney tissue, dilatation in the distal and proximal tubules, shrinkage in the glomeruli and degeneration in the tubular epithelium. In immunohistochemical staining, TGF-β and NF-κB immunoreactivity increased due to cells leading to inflammation and apoptosis. The nephrotoxic effect was quite high especially in rats given daily mussels. Conclusion: The mussel provided in unsanitary conditions may cause damage in kidney tissue from the excretory system organs due to excess consumption.

Aim: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries in the pediatric age group. Actinomyces species are Gram-positive, non-spore-forming facultative anaerobic bacteria. Actinomycosis is a disease characterized by abscess formation, ranging from subacute to chronic infection. Materials and methods: We studied with the tonsillectomy materials of 185 patients who underwent tonsillectomy in our clinic between January 2016 and January 2019. Results: A total of 185 patients, 98 (53%) males and 87 (47%) females, who underwent tonsillectomy were included in the study. The mean age was 12.6 (range, 3-56) years. A total of 64 patients showed the presence of Actinomyces. Conclusion: Actinomyces species are bacteria found in the tonsil tissue flora that cause opportunistic infection. Tonsillar Actinomyces colonization is more common in adults and in older children.

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of low and high dose pregabalin that was administered in rat in a spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) study model. Material and Method: We used 24 Wistar albino rats as subjects in our study. They were divided into 4 groups; randomized Control (C group), I/R (I/R group), I/R-low dose (30 mg/kg) pregabalin (I/R-LP group) and I/R-high dose (200 mg/kg) pregabalin (I/R-HP group). All groups have undergone a laparotomy intervention under anesthesia. In I/R group, a cross clamp was placed in the abdominal aorta just after the laparotomy for 120 minutes (to cause spinal cord ischemia injury) and then reperfusion was achieved by opening the vascular clamp. At the end of the study, kidney tissue was obtained for determining total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels, histochemical and immunohistochemical determination. Results: Total Oxidative Status (TOS) enzyme activity was significantly higher in I/R group when compared to the control, I/R-LP and I/R-HP groups. Likewise, Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) enzyme activity was remarkably higher in I/R group when compared with the C, I/R-LP and I/R-HP groups. VEGF staining has yielded no expression in renal tissues. In microscopical analysis of the tissue slides which were immunohistochemically stained with p53 antibody, some crucial findings have been established as follows: As p53-expressing cells were not detected in the control group, the presence of p53-expressing cells were clearly identified at different intensities in several bowman capsules in the I/R group. However, no expression was detected in general tubules. Interestingly, p53 expression levels were prominently lower in low-dose pregabalin given group and considerably higher in the 200 mg/kg pregabalin administered group, which was more pronounced than the I/R group. Conclusion: Results established from the current study suggest that pregabalin given at different doses may have a partial protective effect in kidney tissues of rats undergone experimental spinal cord IR injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most frequent mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, arises from or is differentiated towards interstitial cell of Cajal. The aim of this study is to review the demographic, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of cases diagnosed with GIST in the light of the literature. Material and Methods: Forty-five GIST cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 in xxxxxx City Hospital's pathology clinic were included in the study. The cases were reevaluated retrospectively by hematoxylin-eosin sections and immunohistochemical staining. Results: Twenty-one of the cases (46.66%) were female, and 24 (53.33%) were male. The average age was 64.9 years. 4/45 (8.88%) of the cases included in the study were in the very low risk, 20/45 (44.44%) were in the low risk, 8/45 (17.77%) were in the intermediate risk, and 13/45 cases (28.88%) were in the high-risk group. Conclusion: Histopathology and immunohistochemical studies are important for the accurate diagnosis, classification, prognosis, and treatment in GISTs. The centers should prepare their report formats according to internationally accepted report samples and consensus criteria, and significant macroscopic and microscopic findings and immunohistochemical examination results should be given as a list at the end of the report.

N-Nitrozo bileşikleri, 20. yüzyılın başından itibaren bilinen, ancak 1950’lerden sonra canlı sağlığı üzerine etkileri daha çok dikkat çeken bileşiklerdir. N-Nitrozo N-Etilüre (ENU) günümüzde gıda ürünlerini koruyarak raf ömrünü uzatmada kullanılan N-Nitrozo çeşitlerindendir. Deney hayvanları üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda toksik, teratojenik, mutajenik ve kanserojenik etkilerinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmada ENU maddesi uygulanan, erkek zebra balıkların testis dokusunda meydana gelen değişimler histopatolojik olarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışma için 1 kontrol ve 4 deney grubu olmak üzere toplam 5 grup oluşturulmuştur. Deney grubundaki akvaryumlara, 0.25 mM, 0.50 mM dozlarda ENU uygulanmıştır. Alınan zebra balığı testis dokusuna rutin histolojik işlemler uygulanmıştır. Doz ve uygulama süresinin artışına bağlı olarak deney gruplarının testis dokusunda, seminifer tübüllerde yapısal bozulmalar ve vakuolizasyon, spermatogenetik seriye ait hücre kümelerinde doza bağlı olarak azalma, gelişen spermatogenetik seriye ait bazı hücrelerde hipertrofi ve piknotik hücre oluşumu, bağ dokusunda dejenerasyonlar tespit edilmiştir. Histolojik incelemeler neticesinde ENU’ya maruz kalan erkek zebra balıkların testis dokularında olumsuz değişimler görüldüğü belirlenmiştir.

Amaç: Erzurum’da son 12 yılda 33 hastada histopatolojik olarak kutanöz leishmaniasis tanısı konulmuş olup özellikle bunlardan büyük bir çoğunluğu son yıllarda gözlenmiştir. Bölgemizde daha önce leishmaniasis vakalarına çok fazla rastlanılmadığından görülme sıklığındaki bu artışın nedenlerini araştırmaya karar verdik. Özellikle klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak tanı konulamayıp histopatolojik olarak tanı konulan bu 33 vaka üzerinden yola çıkarak leishmaniasisi çevre şartları ve epidemiyolojik özellikleriyle birlikte incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Erzurum’da iki farklı merkezde son 12 yılda işleme alınarak değerlendirilen deri biyopsilerine ait patoloji raporları incelendi ve bulgular listelenerek istatistiksel inceleme yapıldı. Bulgular: Hastalardan birçoğu, hastalık taşıyıcısı Phlebotumusların yaşamalarına elverişli olmayan bölgelerden gelmişti. Yaş ortalamaları diğer serilerden yüksekti. Bu nedenle endemik bölgelere yapılan seyahatlerin etkili olabileceği düşünüldü. Sonuç: Ülkemizde son yıllarda leishmania türlerinde değişiklikler (leishmania majör gibi) gözlenmesi, klinik ve mikrobiyolojik bulgulardaki değişimi de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenlerle özellikle son yıllarda klinik ve mikrobiyolojik olarak tanı konulamayıp patoloji bölümlerine gönderilen biyopsi sayısında artış görülmektedir. Bu sebepten dolayı klinik bulguların da patologlarca iyi bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Biz de bu konunun hem histopatolojik hem de epidemiyolojik özellikleri ile ele alınması, ciddi bir salgın ihtimaline karşı daha detaylı incelenmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.

Amaç: Parotis bezi tümörleri, tüm baş boyun tümörlerinin yaklaşık % 2-3' ünü oluşturmaktadır ve % 80-85' i benign natürdedir. Bu çalışmamızda, parotis kitlesi ile kliniğimize başvuran olguları retrospektif olarak inceleyerek; uygulanan cerrahi tedavileri, histopatolojik sonuçları, görülme oranlarını ve cerrahi sonrası komplikasyonları değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2013 ile Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında, kliniğimize parotis kitlesi ile başvuran hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar; cinsiyet, operasyon yöntemi, histopatolojik sonuçları ve post-operatif komplikasyonları açısından retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: 75 hastanın 52’ si erkek, 23’ si kadındı. Yaş ortalaması 49,7 min:23 max:94 σ:5.083 olarak tespit edildi. Cerrahi tedavi sonrası histopatoloji sonuçlarına göre olguların 62’ si benign % 82,5 , 13’ i habis % 17,5 idi. Selim tümör olarak en sık pleomorfik adenom 33 olgu saptandı. İkinci en sık selim tümör olarak ise Whartin tümörü olduğu görüldü 27 olgu . Cerrahi yöntem olarak 67 hastaya yüzeyel parotidektomi, 8 hastaya total parotidektomi uygulandı. İki olguda geçici fasiyal parezi, bir olguda tümör invazyonundan dolayı fasiyal sinirin rezeke edilmesine bağlı kalıcı fasiyal paralizi, bir hastada fasiyel sinirin bukkal dalından kaynaklanan sellüler schwannoma nedeniyle kalıcı parsiyel fasiyal paralizi, iki olguda ise post-operatif hematom izlendi. Sonuç: Parotis tümörlerinin tedavisi genel olarak cerrahidir. Histopatolojik tanı, tümörün evresi ve derecesi önemlidir. Gerektiğinde boyun diseksiyonu uygulanmalıdır.

Uterine diseases in dogs are among the most important problems of infertility. Although it has been reported that the responses of the uterus to exposure to pathogenic agents with the effect of hormones depending on the sexual cycle periods, there is no study conducted in our country on the subject. In this study, it was aimed to examine the types of endometritis that may occur according to the stages of the sexual cycle histopathologically and to reveal their prevalence. For this purpose, cytological and histopathological examinations of 100 endometrial smears and uterine tissue samples obtained from dogs of different breeds, ages and sexual cycle stages were performed. The sexual cycle stages and the histopathological changes related to endometritis that can be observed in these stages were determined by microscopic examination of the samples that had Giemsa staining for cytological examination and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining for histopathological examination. In the light of these examinations, endometritis was found in %35 of the uterine samples collected. Samples with endometritis were classified as catarrhal, purulent and chronic non -purulent endometritis according to their inflammatory character. As a result, the prevalence of endometritis in dogs was high, it was mostly seen in the diestrus stage of endometritis and It was detected that the most common type of endometritis was catarrhal endometritis. In addition, endometrial cytological examination has been found to be an inexpensive and practical method for detecting changes in the uterus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sakrokoksigeal teratomlar, her üç germ tabakasından doku içeren sakrokoksigeal bölgeden ortaya çıkan tümörlerdir. Sakrokoksigeal teratom (SKT), artan yaşla birlikte malign transformasyonu olan 40.000 canlı doğumda bir insidansı olan yenidoğanları, bebekleri ve çocukları etkileyen nispeten nadir bir tümördür. Kadınlarda erkeklerden dört kat daha sık görülür. Bu olgu çalışması ile birlikte SKT histopatolojik değerlendirme ve derecelenmesi değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. İmmatür ve malign transformasyon içeren patolojik spesmen incelemeleri dikkatlice yapılmalıdır.

Amaç: Psoriazis, şiddeti hastadan hastaya değişen yaygın bir kronik inflamatuar deri hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmada, histopatolojik bulgular ile hastalığın klinik şiddeti arasında ilişki olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, hem klinik hem de deri biyopsisi ile histopatolojik olarak psoriazis vulgaris tanısı konulan 51 olgu incelendi. Olguların parafin bloklarından hazırlanan kesitleri mikroskobik olarak incelendi ve bulgular çeşitli histopatolojik özellikler açısından kaydedildi. Hastalığın şiddetini değerlendirmek için psoriazis alan şiddet indeksi (PASI) kullanıldı. PASI ile ilgili veriler hastaların tıbbi dosyalarından elde edildi. Hastalar daha sonra yüksek PASI skoru (≥10) ve düşük PASI skoru (

Amaç: Diyabetes mellitus ve tiroid kanseri arasında ilişki olup olmadığı ile ilgili yapılmış çok sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen diyabetik hastalardaki tiroid kanserinin klinikopatolojik özellikleri ile ilgili çok az sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız diyabetik hastalarda malign nodüllerin ultrasonografik özellikler, sitolojik özellikler ve tiroid kanseri tiplerinin dağılımı açısından non-diyabetik hastalara göre farklılık olup olmadığının tespit edilmesidir. Materyal ve Metot: 2007-2014 yılları arasında tiroidektomi yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Sitolojik ve histopatolojik verileri tam olan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar diyabetik ve non-diyabetik olarak ayrıldı. Demografik, hormonal, ultrasonografik, sitolojik ve histopatolojik özellikler karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Toplam 865 hastanın 113’ü diyabetikti (% 13,06). Diyabetiklerde yaş ortancası daha fazlaydı [59 (25-81), 48 (19-84); p

Although the clinical and pathological findings are important in the diagnosis of listeriosis, to isolation or to be shown the presence of the bacterium must be required for the definitive diagnosis. This study aims to investigate the availability of imprint cytological (IC) and immunocytochemical (ICC) methods in comparison with histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods for the rapid diagnosis of encephalitic listeriosis. In the study, the touching and smear preparations taken from the pons and medulla oblongata of 25 ruminants suspected with listeriosis by neurological symptoms were stained with modified giemsa and also with ICC technic for revealing antigens, as a new method. Same tissue sections were stained with Hematoxylin&Eosin and IHC methods too, and examined under light microscope by scoring. In IC examinations, there were intensive neutrophils in 14 cases and few neutrophils in 4 cases, and no neutrophils were observed in 7 cases. In histopathological examinations, 13 of these 14 cases revealed typical microabscesses and listeria positivity in IHC staining. ICC positivity was detected in 12 (92.3%) of the listeria positive 13 cases. A highly positive correlation was observed among cytology (14), ICC (12), histopathology and IHC (13) scores (r2> 0.8; P<0.01). In conclusion, the cytological examination of the pons and medulla oblongata of listeriosis-suspected ruminants revealed that a rapid pre-diagnosis could be made with the presence of intense neutrophils. Also, with ICC staining of cytological preparations, the diagnosis could be performed with 92.3% accuracy. Since ICC is an easy and fast method, it is concluded that it can be used safely especially in field studies, along with cytological examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Immigration may affect the incidence of hydatidiform mole (HM). In this study, we aim to compare Syrian immigrant and Turkish pregnant women in terms of HM due to abortion and termination of pregnancy. Method: An analysis of 907 endometrial curettage materials due to abortion or termination of pregnancy between the years 2016- 2018 were performed. These curettage materials were examined with routine histopathologic methods. Examination of the curettage materials was repeated by a pathologist to confirm the diagnosis. Results: HM was diagnosed in 56 of 768 Turkish pregnant women (7.30%) and it was diagnosed in 22 of 139 Syrian immigrant pregnant women (15.80%). HM incidence in Syrian immigrant pregnant women was significantly higher (2.06 times) than in Turkish women (p=0.001). The rate of Syrian pregnant women in the group aged 20 or younger was significantly higher than Turkish pregnant women (p<0.001). The rate of Turkish pregnant women aged between 30-34 and older was high in the group. Conclusions: The incidence of HM is higher in Syrian pregnant women. The main causes affecting the incidence of HM in Syrian immigrants are nationality and age. Migration, with all its components, may explain the difference in HM incidence between these two neighboring communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the histopathological changes that the mussels, which serve as important filters of the sea, cause in rat kidney tissue. Materials and Methods: In our study, 24 female (Wistar albino 6-10 week old rats) rats were used. First group (n: 6): fed with standard rat food, second group (n: 6): fed everyday with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food; third group (n: 6): fed 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food every two days; Fourth group (n: 6): were formed with 4/5 mussels + 1/5 standard rat food to be given every three days. After the routine histopathological follow-up, all kidney tissue samples taken and control groups were analyzed with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and the nephrotoxic effect was immunohistochemically with TGF-ß and NF-κB and analyzed with a light microscope image analysis system. Results: Mussel-fed rats were found to cause inflammation in the kidney tissue, dilatation in the distal and proximal tubules, shrinkage in the glomeruli and degeneration in the tubular epithelium. In immunohistochemical staining, TGF-ß and NF-κB immunoreactivity increased due to cells leading to inflammation and apoptosis. The nephrotoxic effect was quite high especially in rats given daily mussels. Conclusion: The mussel provided in unsanitary conditions may cause damage in kidney tissue from the excretory system organs due to excess consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipomların histopatolojik varyantı olan anjiyolipomalar, benign mezenkimal tümördür ve olgun adipositlerin çoğalması ile karakterizedir ve birkaç tıkalı kan damlasından oluşan anjiyomatöz proliferasyon serpiştirilmiştir. Gövde ve ekstremitelerin en sık görülen tümörü olmalarına rağmen, kapsülleşmelerine göre ağız boşluğunda çok nadir görülürler; infiltre olan ve olmayan olarak sınıflandırılabilirler. İntraoral dil, bukkal mukoza ve ağız zemini en sık görülen bölgelerdir ancak sert damak anjiolipom için çok nadir bir yerdir. Burada, 39 yaşındaki bir erkekte damak anjiyolipoması olan bir olguyu sunmaktayız. Mevcut olguda ayrıca anjiyolipomanın sitopatolojik özellikleri vurgulanmıştır.

Amaç: İdiopatik granülomatöz mastit (İGM) etyolojisi bilinmeyen, malignite ile karışabilen inflamatuar bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada kurumumuzda idyopatik GM tanısı histopatolojik olarak kanıtlanmış olguların radyolojik bulgularını ve klinik seyrini irdeledik.Materyal Metod: Ocak 2013–Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Radyoloji bölümüne mastit ön tanısı ile, ultrasonografik inceleme için başvuran 231 hastadan histopatolojik olarak doğrulanmış 14 İGM olgusu retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Mastit ön tanılı 231 olgudan tanı için histopatolojik inceleme yapılan ve granülomatöz mastit tanısı alan 23 olgu tespit edildi. Dışlama kriterlerinin uygulanmasından sonra 14 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Sonuç: İdyopatik GM klinik bulgular ve görüntüleme yöntemleri ile diğer inflamatuar meme patolojilerinden ayırt edilmesi güç olup sonografide diğer modalitelere (mamografi, MRG) göre daha spesifik bulgular saptanabilmektedir. Ancak sadece görüntüleme bulguları ile tanıya gitmek yanlış tanı, tedaviye ya da tedavide gecikmeye yol açabileceğinden klinik, radyolojik ve patolojik değerlendirme birlikte yapılmalıdır

Amaç: Günlük yaşamın bir parçası haline gelen stres, vücudun dengesini bozarak pek çok hastalığa neden olur. Biz de bu çalışmada, kronik strese sebep olan faktörlere maruz kalındığında böbrekte meydana gelebilecek olası yapısal değişiklikleri araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 12 adet Sprague Dawley cinsi yetişkin erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele kontrol (n=6) ve stres (n=6) grubu olarak ikiye ayrıldıktan sonra, stres grubundakilere 4 hafta boyunca “beklenmedik kronik hafif stres” protokolü uygulandı. Deneyin sonunda anestezisi altında feda edilen bütün sıçanların böbrekleri çıkarıldı ve derhal “suya daldırma yöntemi” ile hacimleri ölçüldü. Böbrekler rutin histolojik işlemleri takiben, histopatolojik değerlendirme için ışık mikroskobunda incelendi. Bulgular: Stres grubundaki sıçanların böbrek hacimlerinin (0,90 ± 0,096 ml) kontrol grubundakilerin böbrek hacimlerine (1,075 ± 0,106 ml) kıyasla önemli düzeyde azalmış olduğu (p lt;0,05; independent samples t test) tespit edildi. Stres grubu böbreklerinin ışık mikroskobik değerlendirmesinde, nefron tübüllerinin epitelinde nekrotik dejenerasyon ve dökülmeler saptandı. Proksimal ve distal tübüllerin epitelinde, yer yer hücresel parçalanma ve tübül duvar bütünlüğünün bozulması ile sonuçlanan sitoplazmik şişme ve hücresel vakuolleşmeler belirgindi. Henle kulpunda da lümende bariz dilatasyonlar ve epitelde nekrotik değişiklikler tespit edildi. İlaveten glomerüllerde büzüşme ve Bowman boşluğunda genişlemeler gözlendi. Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak, kronik stresin böbrekte büyük olasılıkla fonksiyonel yetersizliğe yol açacak glomerüler hasara ve tübül epitel hücrelerinde zedelenmeye sebep olduğu düşünüldü.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is an uncommon and benign tumour-like fibroblastic proliferation that is difficult to distinguish from sarcoma both clinically and histologically. In addition, it is a type of lesion characterised by having a potential for spontaneous regression. NF is frequently misdiagnosed due to its rapid growth, rich cellularity, and mitotic figure. Although NF is only rarely diagnosed in children, the head and neck represent the most common locations for NF among this population. The cause of NF remains unknown, however trauma is believed to be an important triggering factor. We describe an unusual case of NF in the posterior ethmoid sinus in a six-year-old boy with no history of trauma. The NF was incidentally noted on a computed tomography scan after the patient complained of a squint. The diagnosis of NF was also supported by histopathology and specific immunohistological staining. A surgical biopsy was performed, and no recurrence was observed after one year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the protective effect of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on liver tissue lesions in rats induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in acute liver injury, caspase activations in cellular apoptosis, serum Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) activity, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol levels, and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups as 8 rats in each group. The first group was determined as control. The second group was given 2 ml/kg/body-weight PSO gavage daily for 4 weeks. In the third group, 1.0 ml/kg/body-weight of two doses of CCl4 diluted 1:1 with corn oil was injected intraperitoneally at 3 days intervals in the first week. The fourth group received 2 ml/kg/body- weight PSO every day for 4 weeks by gavage and 2 doses intraperitoneally 1 ml/kg/body-weight, diluted CCl4 at 3 days intervals in the first week. While normal liver tissue structure was observed in the control groups; In the CCl4 group, intense macro and microvesicular steatosis of hepatocytes, mononuclear cell infiltration areas mostly composed of lymphocytes in the portal region and parenchyma and necrotic changes were observed. Histopathological changes in PSO applications were partially decreased compared to the CCl 4 group, while caspase 3 and 9 activity decreased to a limited number. ALT activity increased with CCl 4 and decreased with PSO application (P<0.05) and increased serum total protein values (P<0.001). While the administration of CCl4 significantly increased liver MDA levels (P<0.001), it was not significantly affected by the application of PSO. As a result; although there was no positive effect on histopathological changes against liver damage in experimental groups given PSO with CCl4 since it brings the biochemical values closer to the control group values, it is thought that it may have a partially curative effect, but this improvement does not reflect the damage in liver tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diplotaenia turcica has been used traditionally to diabetes treatment. In this study, the effects of D. turcica root extract (DT) on diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were investigated. Materials and methods: In this study, 78 male rats were used, rats were divided into 9 groups randomly. In diabetic groups, STZ was given a single dose of 45 mg/kg by intraperitoneally. DT (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) were given by orally. Blood and pancreas tissue samples were taken for biochemical and pathological tests. Results: It was found that glucose levels decreased, and insulin levels increased in the treatment groups compared with the diabetes group. In addition, only in 200 mg/kg DT dose group was found to decrease HbA1c levels. Pancreatic tissue analysis showed that MDA levels decreased and GSH levels and CAT, SOD, GSH-Px and GSH-R activities increased in diabetic rats treated with DT. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the pancreas showed significant improvements in the treatment with DT. Conclusion: These results clearly show the antioxidant property of DT. The findings of this study showed that increased doses of DT may have a therapeutic effect on STZ-induced pancreatic damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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