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Liikuntapedagogiikan professori Risto Telama menehtyi 86-vuotiaana 14. marraskuuta 2022 Jyväskylässä. nonPeerReviewed

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Tämän artikkelin tarkoituksena on tarkastella liikunnanopettajien keinoja ja mahdollisuuksia ylläpitää ammatillista osaamista ja edelleen työhyvinvointia työuransa aikana. Kuudelle Jyväskylän yliopistosta valmistuneelle yli 55-vuotiaalle liikunnanopettajalle tehdyn teemahaastattelun perusteella havaittiin, että opettajat kehittävät ammatillista osaamistaan pääosin lyhyiden täydennyskoulutuskurssien avulla. Haastatteluiden perusteella myös vapaa-ajan liikuntaharrastuksissa opittujen taitojen ja tietojen vieminen käytännön opetustyöhön nähtiin merkityksellisenä ammatillisen osaamisen kehittymisessä. Opittujen uusien taitojen myötä opettajien on mahdollista muokata omaa työtään ja uusiutua ammatillisesti. Tämä puolestaan voimaannuttaa opettajia ja vaikuttaa siten merkittävästi työssä jaksamiseen ja työhyvinvointiin. Myös muiden opettajien vertaistukea sekä liikunnan ammattilaisten kanssa käytävää ammatillista reflektointia pidettiin haastateltavien mielestä tärkeänä ammatillisen osaamisen kehittymisen mahdollistajana. Haastateltavat kokivat työurallaan ongelmalliseksi sen, että heidän ei ollut mahdollista osallistua säännöllisesti ammatillista osaamista kehittäviin liikunta-alan koulutuksiin. Opettajien ammatillisen kehittymisen kannalta olisikin merkityksellistä, että koulutuksia ja muita oppimismahdollisuuksia hyödynnettäisiin suunnitellusti koko työuran ajan. Tällä voitaisiin tukea työhyvinvointia mahdollisimman tehokkaasti työuran kaikissa vaiheissa., This article examines resources that aging physical education (PE) teachers can use to maintain their professional skills and well-being at work throughout their careers. Theme interviews, which were conducted with six University of Jyväskylä graduate PE teachers over 55 years of age, identified that PE teachers develop their professional skills mainly by attending various short skill training courses. The transfer of the skills and knowledge learned in recreational sports activities to practical teaching was also seen as a significant way to develop PE teachers’ professional skills, while acquiring new expertise helped PE teachers modify their work and reform their work methods. This empowered and significantly increased PE teachers’ ability to cope with their workload and improved their well-being at work. Professional reflection with colleagues and other physical education experts was also assessed as a means of professional development. Interviewees were concerned about not being able to participate regularly in courses that promote their professional competence. Therefore, the recommendation for PE teachers’ professional development is to further utilise education and learning opportunities to best support their well-being at work throughout their careers.

Purpose The longitudinal influence of parental leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on their offspring’s LTPA is poorly understood. This study examined the longitudinal associations between parental LTPA and offspring’s LTPA at two-time intervals. Method Child (offspring) participants (N=3596) were enrolled from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study in 1980. Their LTPA was self-rated through nine phases from baseline to 2018 and categorized by year into youth (1980‒1986) and adult (1992‒2018) LTPA. Parental LTPA was assessed with a single self-reported question at three phases from 1980 to 1986. Latent growth curve modeling stratified by gender was fitted to estimate the potential pathways between parental LTPA and offspring’s youth and adult LTPA. Results Higher initial levels of paternal and maternal LTPA were independently associated with greater initial levels of youth and adult LTPA of offspring in both genders respectively, except maternal LTPA that did not associate with male offspring’s adult LTPA. The initial levels of paternal LTPA were directly related to changes in male offspring’s youth LTPA after adjusting for age, residential place, paternal education and occupation, having siblings, and offspring’s body mass index. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the initial levels of parental LTPA are directly linked to the initial levels of offspring’s LTPA during youth and adulthood, while changes in parental LTPA are unrelated to changes in offspring’s youth and adult LTPA for either gender over time. These results imply that higher initial levels of LTPA in parents may serve as a predictor of offspring’s LTPA across life stages. peerReviewed

Perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteisiin kirjatuilla tavoitteilla ja arviointikriteereillä on pyritty turvaamaan arvioinnin oikeudenmukaista ja yhdenvertaista toteutumista kouluissa. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, miten liikunnanopettajat suhtautuvat voimassa olevan opetussuunnitelman (OPH 2014) liikunnan arviointikriteereihin ja -ohjeisiin. Aineisto kerättiin keväällä 2019 sähköisellä kyselyllä, johon vastasi 147 perusopetuksen yläluokilla liikuntaa opettavaa opettajaa eri puolilta Suomea. Kuvailevien tietojen lisäksi aineistosta analysoitiin nais- ja miesopettajien ja eri-ikäisen opettajien välisiä eroja ristiintaulukoiden ja khiin -neliötestillä. Arvioinnin haasteista tehtiin sisällönanalyysiä ja -erittelyä luokittelemalla ja laskemalla opettajien vastaukset. Tulosten mukaan liikunnanopettajat tukeutuivat arvosanoja antaessaan enimmäkseen opetussuunnitelman perusteiden mukaisiin liikunnan arviointikriteereihin. Yli 90 prosenttia opettajista katsoi oppilaan työskentelytaitojen kriteerien eli aktiivisen osallistumisen, toisten huomioimisen ja itsenäisen työskentelyn vaikuttavan paljon liikunnan arvosanaan. Lisäksi motoriset perustaidot olivat keskeinen kriteeri yli 80 prosentin mielestä. Vajaa viidennes opettajista kertoi oppilaan osaamisen suhteessa muihin tai oppilaan kuntotason vaikuttavan arvosanoja annettaessa, vaikka ne opetussuunnitelmassa on ohjeistettu jätettävän arvioinnin ulkopuolelle. Arviointikriteereiden tulkinta ja soveltaminen arvosanoja annettaessa koettiin haasteelliseksi. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan todeta, että arvioinnin haasteisiin tulisi tarttua paitsi tarjoamalla koulutusta, niin myös kehittämällä opettajien kuulemista ja aitoja vaikutusmahdollisuuksia opetussuunnitelmia ja arviointiohjeita laadittaessa. To support teachers in fair and comparable summative assessment the Finnish national core curriculum sets the goals and assessment criteria for every school subject. The aim of this study was to investigate physical education teachers’ perceptions of the assessment criteria set for secondary school physical education (PE). PE teachers (n=147) across Finland completed an online survey in Spring 2019. Agreement percentages were calculated for each item. The chi-square test was used to examine whether sex or age were associated with teachers’ perceptions of the assessment. Answers to an open question, on the challenges of assessment, were analyzed by content analysis to generate categories and quantify data. The results indicated that most PE teachers grade students by applying the national core curriculum criteria. Over 90 percent of the teachers valued active student participation and effort, cooperation skills, and the ability to work independently when grading PE. In addition, over 80 percent of the teachers took motor skills into account when grading students. Less than one fifth of the teachers reported using assessment practices that contravene the national curriculum guidelines, such as comparing skills between students or rating their fitness level. Many teachers also stated that they found it difficult to interpret and apply the national PE assessment criteria. It is important not only to offer both pre-service and inservice teachers adequate training in assessment, but also to hear their voices and assign them a meaningful role in the curriculum design process. peerReviewed

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Additional file 4: Supplementary file 4. Effect sizes (Cohen’s d and h) corresponding to adjusted models two and three for both genders.

Additional file 3: Supplementary file 3. STROBE-nut checklist.

Previous research indicates that programmes employing Hellison?s Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model in physical activity have had a positive impact on youth development by increasing participants? positive values, autonomy, life skills, and prosocial behaviour. Despite encouraging results of the effects of TPSR-based programmes, there remains lack of research on the effective content of these programmes, and their implementation and evaluation. The current protocol article describes the development of a TPSR-based instructor training programme and a plan for an intervention study in which novice instructors learn to understand and apply the TPSR model in practice. The participants of the TPSR-based training intervention study are novice instructors who are matched and randomly allocated to a 20-hour TPSR-based training intervention and a six-hour control instructor training without the TPSR content. The proposed study examines whether the intervention is effective in teaching novice physical activity instructors to understand and apply the TPSR model, whether the instructors? personal and social responsibility develops, and whether the training intervention is feasible.

Additional file 2: Supplementary file 2. Description of the covariates.

Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Statistical analyses used for identifying the leisure-time physical activity trajectories and the description of the trajectories.

This study aimed to investigate the associations of competitive sport participation in adolescence and age at menarche (AAM) with body composition, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), physical performance, and physical activity (PA) in middle-aged women. 1098 women aged 47&ndash, 55 years formed the sample of this retrospective study. Participants self-reported their PA level at age 13&ndash, 16 years and AAM. The protocol also included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, physical performance tests, and accelerometer-measured PA. Participants were divided into three groups according to their PA level at the age of 13&ndash, 16 (no exercise, regular PA, and competitive sport) and according to their AAM (&le, 12, 13, and &ge, 14 years). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, participation in competitive sport at age 13&ndash, 16 was associated with higher midlife lean mass and BMD, and better physical performance compared to groups with no exercise or regular PA. Individuals with AAM &ge, 14 years had lower midlife BMI and fat mass than participants in the other AAM groups and pre- and perimenopausal women with AAM &ge, 14 years had lower BMD than those with AAM &le, 12. The findings indicate that participation in competitive sport in adolescence is associated with healthier body composition, higher BMD, and better physical performance in midlife, but BMD might be impaired if menarche occurs late.

Additional file 1: Appendix A Figure S1. Timeline of the PETALS Trial. Appendix B Table S1. Description of the Teacher-Training Program: Content and Matched Behavior Change Techniques for Each Session [90]. Appendix C Table S2. Measures, Data Collection Time Points, and Methods in the PETALS Intervention. Appendix D Processing of IPAQ Data [91]. Appendix E Table S3. Differences Between Completers and Non-Completers on Baseline Characteristics [67]. Appendix F Table S4. Descriptive and Reliability Statistics of Key Variables at Baseline [67]. Table S5. Pearson’s Correlations Between Key Variables at Baseline. Appendix G Table S6. Descriptive Statistics for Trans-Contextual Model Constructs over Time.

Introduction: Despite substantial interest in the development of health behaviors, there is limited research that has examined the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and smoking trajectories from youth to adulthood in a Finnish population. This study aimed to identify trajectories of smoking and PA for males and females, and study the relationship between these trajectories from youth to adulthood. Methods: Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify trajectories of smoking and PA separately for males and females among 3355 Finnish adults (52.1% females). Participants&rsquo, smoking and PA were assessed five to eight times over a 31-year period (3&ndash, 18 years old at the baseline, 34&ndash, 49 years at last follow-up). Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the trajectories of smoking and PA. Results: Five smoking trajectories and four to five PA trajectories were identified for males and females. Of the PA trajectory groups, the persistently active group were least likely to follow the trajectories of regular smoking and the inactive and low active groups were least likely to follow non-smoking trajectory group. Likewise, inactive (women only) and low active groups were less likely to belong to the non-smokers group. Conclusions: The study suggests that those who are persistently active or increasingly active have substantially reduced probabilities of being in the highest-risk smoking categories.

Table S4. Quality assessment checklist and quality scores of the included studies. (PDF 180 kb)

Hieman reilu kolmasosa suomalaislapsista ja -nuorista liikkui suosituksen mukaan – toimintarajoitteita kokevista joka neljäs. Lasten ja nuorten liikunnalle antamien merkitysten kirjo oli kaventunut ja esteet vahvistuneet, vaikka koettu pätevyys ja liikuntamotivaatio olivat korkealla. Suurin osa lapsista ja nuorista kannatti urheilun eettisten sääntöjen noudattamista. Säännöllinen liikkuminen oli myönteisesti yhteydessä koettuun terveyteen. Säännöllisesti liikkuvilla oli myös vähemmän yksinäisyyden kokemuksia. nonPeerReviewed

PETALS measures. Measures, data collection time points and methods in the PETALS intervention. Overview of measures, data collection time points and methods in the PETALS intervention including main outcome measure, secondary outcome measure, mediating measures, additional measures, teacher measures, parenting measures and demographic measures. (DOCX 17 kb)

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Jyväskylän yliopiston liikuntatieteellisestä tiedekunnasta valmistuivat maaliskuussa 2019 ensimmäiset akateemiselta pohjalta ponnistavat personal trainerit. Koulutuksessa yhdistyivät teoria ja käytäntö. Jokainen opiskelija kehitti taitojaan kolme kuukautta kestäneen henkilökohtaisen valmennussuhteen avulla. nonPeerReviewed

Table S3. Characteristics of the included studies, physical activity trajectories and related factors reported, and main findings in each study. (PDF 462 kb)

Table S2. Details of the search strategy. (PDF 247 kb)

Objective: To investigate participation and effectiveness of a multiyear comprehensive workplace health promotion (WHP) program. Methods: Participation and effectiveness data came from employer and vendor systems. Health data came from health risk assessments (HRA) and biometric screenings. Participation and effectiveness were analyzed using descriptive analyses, T-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests where appropriate. Overall impact was assessed using the PIPE Impact Metric. Results: 86% of employees completed the HRA and 80% the biometrical screenings. Annual participation rate was 24%, and total reach was 58%. The portion of successful participants was 23% in 2010–2013 and 18% in 2014–2017. PIPE Impact scores were 18% for 2010–2013 and 14% for the 2014–2017 study periods. Conclusion: Despite modest annual participation rates, overall eight year reach was considered reasonable. Conservatively, we consider the overall program impact to be moderate. peerReviewed

Forest plot. Physical activity trajectories divided into categories by age group. (PDF 264 kb)