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Key message The lower expression at veraison of several ripening master regulators “switch genes” can play a central role in the induction of the berry shrivel ripening physiological disorder in grapevine. Abstract Berry shrivel (BS) is a ripening physiological disorder affecting grape berry with visible symptoms appearing after veraison. Berry shrivel leads to shrinking berries with a reduced weight and a lower content of sugars and anthocyanins. In this study, for the first time a transcriptomic analysis coupled with selected metabolites quantification was undertaken to understand the metabolic modifications induced by the disorder. Different stages of berry development were considered including pre- and symptomatic berries. No metabolic alterations in the berry transcriptome and in the metabolite content was observed in pre-symptomatic and pre-veraison samples. Interestingly, at veraison, with still not visible symptoms appearing on the berry, a subset of genes, called switch genes previously suggested as master regulators of the ripening onset in grape berries, were strongly lower expressed in BS. Later during the ripening phase and with visible symptoms of the disorder, more than 3000 genes were differentially expressed. The genes up-regulated were related to hormone biosynthesis, response to stress and the phenylpropanoid pathway, while the genes down-regulated during ripening belonged mainly to the flavonoid pathway, and the sugar metabolism. In agreement, BS berries showed lower content of sugars and anthocyanins from the onset of veraison onward, while the amount of acids was not significantly affected. In conclusion, these results highlight a pivotal role of the switch genes in grapevine ripening, as well as their possible contribution to induce the ripening disorder berry shrivel, although it remains unclear whether this is part of the cause or consequences of the BS disorder. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11103-019-00859-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Nighttime transpiration has been previously reported as a significant source of water loss in many species; however, there is a need to determine if this trait plays a key role in the response to drought. This study aimed to determine the magnitude, regulation and relative contribution to whole plant water‐use, of nighttime stomatal conductance (g night) and transpiration (E night) in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Our results showed that nighttime water loss was relatively low compared to daytime transpiration, and that decreases in soil and plant water potentials were mainly explained by daytime stomatal conductance (g day) and transpiration (E day). Contrary to E day, E night did not respond to VPD and possible effects of an innate circadian regulation were observed. Plants with higher g night also exhibited higher daytime transpiration and carbon assimilation at midday, and total leaf area, suggesting that increased g night may be linked with daytime behaviors that promote productivity. Modeling simulations indicated that g night was not a significant factor in reaching critical hydraulic thresholds under scenarios of either extreme drought, or time to 20% of soil relative water content. Overall, this study suggests that g night is not significant in exacerbating the risk of water stress and hydraulic failure in grapevine., Our study demonstrates that in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), nighttime water loss is not significant in exacerbating the risk of water stress, and in addition, we offer evidence that it may be positively linked to daytime productivity.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre el uso de las Redes Sociales como herramienta para la difusión y protección del patrimonio arquitectónico de Santiago de Cali (Colombia). Para ello, se han analizado las redes sociales relacionadas con el patrimonio caleño, creadas por personas particulares, más consultadas por la ciudadanía. Para el análisis de resultados y conclusiones, se ha optado por el uso de métodos cualitativos (entrevistas personales a ciudadanos y la valoración de conceptos subjetivos sobre el patrimonio). Como resultado de esta investigación, se evidencia la existencia de ciudadanos, no profesionales, comprometidos en el conocimiento y difusión del patrimonio de Cali. Estas personas encuentran en las redes sociales un punto de encuentro para exponer sus vivencias, inquietudes y compartir información. Estos espacios de encuentro afianzan un sentimiento de pertenencia por los inmuebles patrimoniales y asientan un deseo de defensa y reivindicación a las autoridades locales para su protección. Incluye referencias bibliográficas (página 10). Ejemplar 1 Jose Carlos Rodrigo Herrera ;$40.000. Seminario Cultura y Desarrollo Sostenible en el Gran Caribe.

Este artí­culo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre el uso de las Redes Sociales como herramienta para la difusión y protección del patrimonio arquitectónico de Santiago de Cali (Colombia). Para ello, se han analizado las redes sociales relacionadas con el patrimonio caleño, creadas por personas particulares, más consultadas por la ciudadaní­a. Para el análisis de resultados y conclusiones, se ha optado por el uso de métodos cualitativos (entrevistas personales a ciudadanos y la valoración de conceptos subjetivos sobre el patrimonio). Como resultado de esta investigación, se evidencia la existencia de ciudadanos, no profesionales, comprometidos en el conocimiento y difusión del patrimonio de Cali. Estas personas encuentran en las redes sociales un punto de encuentro para exponer sus vivencias, inquietudes y compartir información. Estos espacios de encuentro afianzan un sentimiento de pertenencia por los inmuebles patrimoniales y asientan un deseo de defensa y reivindicación a las autoridades locales para su protección. Seminario Cultura y Desarrollo Sostenible en el Gran Caribe. Incluye referencias bibliográficas (página 10).