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1. Results of the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density

Author

Russotto, P., Gannon, S., Kupny, S., Lasko, P., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Caesar, C., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chartier, M., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, M. D., Czech, B., De Filippo, E., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Gašparić, I., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Kiš, M., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Fèvre, A. Le, Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q. F., Lombardo, I., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Marini, P., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Pagano, E. V., Papa, M., Pawlowski, P., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reviol, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Sarantites, D. G., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trautmann, W., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wang, Yongjia, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Winkelbauer, J., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Directed and elliptic flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for the reaction 197Au+197Au at 400 MeV/nucleon incident energy within the ASY-EOS experimental campaign at the GSI laboratory. The detection system consisted of the Large Area Neutron Detector LAND, combined with parts of the CHIMERA multidetector, of the ALADIN Time-of-flight Wall, and of the Washington-University Microball detector. The latter three arrays were used for the event characterization and reaction-plane reconstruction. In addition, an array of triple telescopes, KRATTA, was used for complementary measurements of the isotopic composition and flows of light charged particles. From the comparison of the elliptic flow ratio of neutrons with respect to charged particles with UrQMD predictions, a value \gamma = 0.72 \pm 0.19 is obtained for the power-law coefficient describing the density dependence of the potential part in the parametrization of the symmetry energy. It represents a new and more stringent constraint for the regime of supra-saturation density and confirms, with a considerably smaller uncertainty, the moderately soft to linear density dependence deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data. The densities probed are shown to reach beyond twice saturation., Comment: 25 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C

Published
2016
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2. Novel technique to extract experimental symmetry free energy information of nuclear matter

Author

Mabiala, J., Zheng, H., Bonasera, A., Cammarata, P., Hagel, K., Heilborn, L., Kohley, Z., May, L. W., McIntosh, A. B., Youngs, M. D., Zarrella, A., and Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

A new method of accessing information on the symmetry free energy from yields of fragments produced in Fermi-energy heavy-ion collisions is proposed. Furthermore, by means of quantum fluctuation analysis techniques, correlations between extracted symmetry free-energy coefficients with temperature and density were studied. The obtained results are consistent with those of commonly used isoscaling techniques., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures Heavy-ion nuclear reactions at Fermi energies, Nuclear equation of State, Fragmentation

Published
2015
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3. Systematic study of symmetry energy within the SMM picture of multifragmentation

Author

Marini, P., Bonasera, A., Souliotis, G. A., Cammarata, P., Wuenschel, S., Tripathi, R., Kohley, Z., Hagel, K., Heilborn, L., Mabiala, J., May, L. W., McIntosh, A. B., and Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A systematic study on the effect of secondary decay on the symmetry energy coefficient extracted by isoscaling and the recently proposed isobaric yield ratio methods within the Statistical Multifragmentation Model is performed. The correlations between the input symmetry energy coefficients and the calculated ones from both primary and secondary fragment yields are analysed. Results for secondary fragments show that the best estimation of the input symmetry energy coefficient within SMM is obtained by the isoscaling method, using the yields of light fragments. A comparison to experimental results is also presented., Comment: 4 figures, 6 pages, Submitted to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2012

4. Experimental determination of the quasi-projectile mass with measured neutrons

Author

Marini, P., Zarrella, A., Bonasera, A., Bonasera, G., Cammarata, P., Heilborn, L., Kohley, Z., Mabiala, J., May, L. W., McIntosh, A. B., Raphelt, A., Souliotis, G. A., and Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The investigation of the isospin dependence of multifragmentation reactions relies on precise reconstruction of the fragmenting source. The criteria used to assign free emitted neutrons, detected with the TAMU Neutron Ball, to the quasi-projectile source are investigated in the framework of two different simulation codes. Overall and source-specific detection efficiencies for multifragmentation events are found to be model independent. The equivalence of the two different methods used to assign experimentally detected charged particles and neutrons to the emitting source is shown. The method used experimentally to determine quasi-projectile emitted free neutron multiplicity is found to be reasonably accurate and sufficiently precise as to allow for the study of well-defined quasi-projectile sources., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures. To be submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A

Published
2012
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5. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: investigating the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

Russotto, P., Chartier, M., De Filippo, E., Févre, A. Le, Gannon, S., Gašparić, I., Kiš, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Łukasik, J., Marini, P., Pagano, A., Pawłowski, P., Santoro, S., Trautmann, W., Veselsky, M., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, D., Czech, B., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Geraci, E., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Li, Q., Lombardo, I., Lynch, W. G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Papa, M., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trifiró, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich heavy-ions systems at intermediate energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear Equation Of State (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI laboratory by the ASY-EOS collaboration in May 2011., Comment: Talk given by P. Russotto at the 11th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1, 2012. To appear in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)

Published
2012
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6. Critical Scaling of Two-component Systems from Quantum Fluctuations

Author

Mabiala, J., Bonasera, A., Zheng, H., McIntosh, A. B., Kohley, Z., Cammarata, P., Hagel, K., Heilborn, L., May, L. W., Raphelt, A., Zarrella, A., and Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The thermodynamics of excited nuclear systems allows one to explore the second-order phase transition in a two-component quantum mixture. Temperatures and densities are derived from quantum fluctuations of fermions. The pressures are determined from the grand partition function of Fisher's model. Critical scaling of observables is found for systems which differ in neutron to proton concentrations thus constraining the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter. The derived critical exponent {\beta}= 0.35 \pm 0.01, belongs to the liquid-gas universality class. The critical compressibility factor Pc /{\rho}c Tc increases with increasing neutron number., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures

Published
2012
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7. Constraining the Symmetry Term in the Nuclear Equation of State at Sub-Saturation Densities and Finite Temperatures

Author

Marini, P., Bonasera, A., McIntosh, A., Tripathi, R., Galanopoulos, S., Hagel, K., Heilborn, L., Kohley, Z., May, L. W., Mehlman, M., Soisson, S. N., Souliotis, G. A., Shetty, D. V., Smith, W. B., Stein, B. C., Wuenschel, S., and Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Methods of extraction of the symmetry energy (or enthalpy) coefficient to temperature ratio from isobaric and isotopic yields of fragments produced in Fermi-energy heavy-ion collisions are discussed. We show that the methods are consistent when the hot fragmenting source is well characterized and its excitation energy and isotopic composition are properly taken into account. The results are independent of the mass number of the detected fragments, which suggests that their fate is decided very early in the reaction., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C and accepted for publication

Published
2012
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9. The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density and the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI

Author

De Filippo E., Russotto P., Acosta L., Adamczyk M., Al-Ajlan A., Al-Garawi M., Al-Homaidhi S., Amorini F., Auditore L., Aumann T., Ayyad Y., Basrak Z., Benlliure J., Boisjoli M., Boretzky K., Brzychczyk J., Budzanowski A., Caesar C., Cardella G., Cammarata P., Chajecki Z., Chartier M., Chbihi A., Colonna M., Cozma M.D., Czech B., Di Toro M., Famiano M., Gannon S., Gašparić I., Grassi L., Guazzoni C., Guazzoni P., Heil M., Heilborn L., Introzzi R., Isobe T., Kezzar K., Kiš M., Krasznahorkay A., Kupny S., Kurz N., La Guidara E., Lanzalone G., Lasko P., Le Fèvre A., Leifels Y., Lemmon R.C., Li Q.F., Lombardo I., Łukasik J., Lynch W.G., Marini P., Matthews Z., May L., Minniti T., Mostazo M., Pagano A., Pagano E.V., Papa M., Pawłowski P., Pirrone S., Politi G., Porto F., Reviol W., Riccio F., Rizzo F., Rosato E., Rossi D., Santoro S., Sarantites D.G., Simon H., Skwirczynska I., Sosin Z., Stuhl L., Trautmann W., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Tsang M.B., Verde G., Veselsky M., Vigilante M., Wang Yongjia, Wieloch A., Wigg P., Winkelbauer J., Wolter H.H., Wu P., Yennello S., Zambon P., Zetta L., and Zoric M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI laboratory measured the direct and elliptic flow of neutrons and light charged particles in the reaction 197Au+197 Au at 400 A MeV incident energy. The ratio of elliptic flow of neutrons with respect to that of the light charged particles was used as main experimental observable to probe the density dependence of the symmetry energy term of the nuclear equation of state. Results, obtained by comparison of the experimental data with the UrQMD model predictions, strongly support a moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy at suprasaturation densities below 2ρ0.

Published
2017
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10. The ASY-EOS Experiment at GSI

Author

Russotto P., Chartier M., Cozma M.D., De Filippo E., Le Fèvre A., Gannon S., Gašparić I., Kiš M., Kupny S., Leifels Y., Lemmon R.C., Li Q., Łukasik J., Marini P., Pawłowski P., Trautmann W., Acosta L., Adamczyk M., Al-Ajlan A., Al-Garawi M., Al-Homaidhi S., Amorini F., Auditore L., Aumann T., Ayyad Y., Baran V., Basrak Z., Bassini R., Benlliure J., Boiano C., Boisjoli M., Boretzky K., Brzychczyk J., Budzanowski A., Cardella G., Cammarata P., Chajecki Z., Chbihi A., Colonna M., Czech B., Di Toro M., Famiano M., Greco V., Grassi L., Guazzoni C., Guazzoni P., Heil M., Heilborn L., Introzzi R., Isobe T., Kezzar K., Krasznahorkay A., Kurz N., La Guidara E., Lanzalone G., Lasko P., Lombardo I., Lynch W.G., Matthews Z., May L., Minniti T., Mostazo M., Pagano A., Papa M., Pirrone S., Pleskac R., Politi G., Porto F., Reifarth R., Reisdorf W., Riccio F., Rizzo F., Rosato E., Rossi D., Santoro S., Simon H., Skwirczynska I., Sosin Z., Stuhl L., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Tsang M.B., Verde G., Veselsky M., Vigilante M., Wieloch A., Wigg P., Wolter H.H., Wu P., Yennello S., Zambon P., Zetta L., and Zoric M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or light complex particles in reactions of heavy ions at pre-relativistic energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. In the ASY-EOS experiment at the GSI laboratory, flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for 197Au+197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon. Flow results obtained for the Au+Au system, in comparison with predictions of the UrQMD transport model, confirm the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data.

Published
2016
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11. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: Constraining the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

Russotto P., Chartier M., Cozma M.D., De Filippo E., Le Fèvre A., Gannon S., Gašparić I., Kiš M., Kupny S., Leifels Y., Lemmon R.C., Li Q., Łukasik J., Marini P., Pawłowski P., Trautmann W., Acosta L., Adamczyk M., Al-Ajlan A., Al-Garawi M., Al-Homaidhi S., Amorini F., Auditore L., Aumann T., Ayyad Y., Baran V., Basrak Z., Bassini R., Benlliure J., Boiano C., Boisjoli M., Boretzky K., Brzychczyk J., Budzanowski A., Cardella G., Cammarata P., Chajecki Z., Chbihi A., Colonna M., Czech B., Di Toro M., Famiano M., Greco V., Grassi L., Guazzoni C., Guazzoni P., Heil M., Heilborn L., Introzzi R., Isobe T., Kezzar K., Krasznahorkay A., Kurz N., La Guidara E., Lanzalone G., Lasko P., Lombardo I., Lynch W.G., Matthews Z., May L., Minniti T., Mostazo M., Pagano A., Papa M., Pirrone S., Pleskac R., Politi G., Porto F., Reifarth R., Reisdorf W., Riccio F., Rizzo F., Rosato E., Rossi D., Santoro S., Simon H., Skwirczynska I., Sosin Z., Stuhl L., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Tsang M.B., Verde G., Veselsky M., Vigilante M., Wieloch A., Wigg P., Wolter H.H., Wu P., Yennello S., Zambon P., Zetta L., and Zoric M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or light complex particles in reactions of heavy ions at pre-relativistic energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. In the ASY-EOS experiment at the GSI laboratory, flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for 197Au+197Au, 96Zr+96Zr and 96Ru+96Ru collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon with the Large Area Neutron Detector LAND as part of a setup with several additional detection systems used for the event characterization. Flow results obtained for the Au+Au system, in comparison with predictions of the UrQMD transport model, confirm the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data.

Published
2015
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12. Studying heavy-ion collisions with FAUST-QTS

Author

Cammarata P., Chapman M. B., Souliotis G. A., Bakhtiari L., Behling S., Bonasera G., Heilborn L. A., Mabiala J., McIntosh A. B., May L. W., Raphelt A., Youngs M. D., Zarrella A., and Yennello S. J.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Heavy-ion collisions at lower energies provide a rich environment for investigating reaction dynamics. Recent theory has suggested a sensitivity to the symmetry energy and the equation of state via deformations of the reaction system and ternary breaking of the deformed reaction partners into three heavy fragments. A new detection system has been commissioned at Texas A&M University in an attempt to investigate some of the observables sensitive to the nuclear equation of state.

Published
2015
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13. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: investigating symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

Russotto P., Chartier M., Cozma M.D., De Filippo E., Le Fèvre A., Gannon S., Gašparić I., Kiš M., Kupny S., Leifels Y., Lemmon R.C., Li Q., Łukasik J., Marini P., Pawłowski P., Santoro S., Trautmann W., Veselsky M., Acosta L., Adamczyk M., Al-Ajlan A., Al-Garawi M., Al-Homaidhi S., Amorini F., Auditore L., Aumann T., Ayyad Y., Baran V., Basrak Z., Bassini R., Benlliure J., Boiano C., Boisjoli M., Boretzky K., Brzychczyk J., Budzanowski A., Cardella G., Cammarata P., Chajecki Z., Chbihi A., Colonna M., Czech B., Di Toro M., Famiano M., Greco V., Grassi L., Guazzoni C., Guazzoni P., Heil M., Heilborn L., Introzzi R., Isobe T., Kezzar K., Krasznahorkay A., Kurz N., La Guidara E., Lanzalone G., Lasko P., Lombardo I., Lynch W.G., Matthews Z., May L., Minniti T., Mostazo M., Pagano A., Papa M., Pirrone S., Pleskac R., Politi G., Porto F., Reifarth R., Reisdorf W., Riccio F., Rizzo F., Rosato E., Rossi D., Simon H., Skwirczynska I., Sosin Z., Stuhl L., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Tsang M.B., Verde G., Vigilante M., Wieloch A., Wigg P., Wolter H.H., Wu P., Yennello S., Zambon P., Zetta L., and Zoric M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or light complex particles in reactions of heavy-ions at pre-relativistic energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. The results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for 197Au+197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model simulations favoured a moderately soft symmetry term, but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. These results have been confirmed by an independent analysis based on the Tübingen QMD simulations. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI laboratory by the ASY-EOS collaboration. The present status of the data analysis is reported

Published
2014
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14. ASY-EOS experiment at GSI

Author

Kezzar K., Isobe T., Introzzi R., Heilborn L., Heil M., Guazzoni P., Guazzoni C., Greco V., Grassi L., Geraci E., Gašsparić A., Le Fevre A., Famiano M., Di Toro M., De Filippo E., Czech B., Colonna M., Chbihi A., Chartier M., Chajecki Z., Cavallaro S., Cammarata P., Cardella G., Budzanowski A., Brzychczyk J., Boretzky K., Boisjoli C., Boiano C., Benlliure J., Basrak Z., Baran V., Ayyad Y., Aumann T., Auditore L., Amorini F., Al-Homaidhi S., Al-Garawi M., Al-Ajlan A., Adamczyk M., Acosta L., Russotto P., Kiš M., Kupny S., Kurz N., La Guidara E., Lanzalone G., Lasko P., Leifels Y., Lemmon R., Li Q., Lombardo I., Loria D., Lukasik J., Lynch W.G., Marini P., Matthews Z., May L., Minniti T., Mostazo M., Pagano A., Papa M., Pawlowski P., Petrovici M., Pirrone S., Politi G., Porto F., Reifarth R., Reisdorf W., Riccio F., Rizzo F., Rosato E., Rossi D., Santoro S., Simon H., Skwirczynska I., Sosin Z., Trautmann W., Trifirò A., Trimarchi M., Tsang B., Veselsky M., Verde G., Vigilante M., Wieloch A., Wigg P., Wilczynski J., Wolter H.H., Wu P., Yennello S., Zambon P., Zetta L., and Zoric M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich Heavy-Ion at intermediate energies has been recently proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear equation of state (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for 197Au+197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI laboratory by the ASY-EOS collaboration in May 2011.

Published
2012
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15. Neutron-proton equilibration in 35 MeV/ u collisions of 64,70 Zn + 64,70 Zn and 64 Zn, 64 Ni + 64 Zn, 64 Ni quantified using triplicate probes

Author

May, L.W. Wakhle, A. McIntosh, A.B. Kohley, Z. Behling, S. Bonasera, A. Bonasera, G. Cammarata, P. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. Jedele, A. Raphelt, A. Manso, A.R. Souliotis, G. Tripathi, R. Youngs, M.D. Zarrella, A. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Previous work has quantified the degree of neutron-proton equilibration in heavy-ion nuclear collisions by observing the convergence of isospin observables (such as the isoscaling parameter α) to an expected value based on similar symmetric reaction systems. We present a new signature of equilibration: the convergence of the isospin asymmetry (as quantified by three isoscaling metrics) of two mirror asymmetric reaction systems toward each other rather than a predefined point. For the reactions of 35 MeV/u Zn64,70+Zn64,70 and Zn64,Ni64+Zn64,Ni64 the neutron-proton equilibration was found to be approximately 80%, and this result is compared directly to previous work. © 2018 American Physical Society.

Published
2018

16. Probing the Symmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State at High Baryonic Densities

Author

Russotto, P, primary, Acosta, L, additional, Adamczyk, M, additional, Al-Ajlan, A, additional, Al-Garawi, M, additional, Al-Homaidhi, S, additional, Amorini, F, additional, Auditore, L, additional, Aumann, T, additional, Ayyad, Y, additional, Basrak, Z, additional, Benlliure, J, additional, Boisjoli, M, additional, Boretzky, K, additional, Brzychczyk, J, additional, Budzanowski, A, additional, Caesar, C, additional, Cardella, G, additional, Cammarata, P, additional, Chajecki, Z, additional, Chartier, M, additional, Chbihi, A, additional, Colonna, M, additional, Cozma, M D, additional, Czech, B, additional, De Filippo, E, additional, Di Toro, M, additional, Famiano, M, additional, Gannon, S, additional, Gašparić, I, additional, Grassi, L, additional, Guazzoni, C, additional, Guazzoni, P, additional, Heil, M, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, Introzzi, R, additional, Isobe, T, additional, Kezzar, K, additional, Kiš, M, additional, Krasznahorkay, A, additional, Kupny, S, additional, Kurz, N, additional, La Guidara, E, additional, Lanzalone, G, additional, Lasko, P, additional, Le Fèvre, A, additional, Leifels, Y, additional, Lemmon, R C, additional, Li, QF, additional, Lombardo, I, additional, Łukasik, J, additional, Lynch, W G, additional, Marini, P, additional, Matthews, Z, additional, May, L, additional, Minniti, T, additional, Mostazo, M, additional, Pagano, A, additional, Pagano, E V, additional, Papa, M, additional, Pawłowski, P, additional, Pirrone, S, additional, Politi, G, additional, Porto, F, additional, Reviol, W, additional, Riccio, F, additional, Rizzo, F, additional, Rosato, E, additional, Rossi, D, additional, Santoro, S, additional, Sarantites, D G, additional, Simon, H, additional, Skwirczynska, I, additional, Sosin, Z, additional, Stuhl, L, additional, Trautmann, W, additional, Trifirò, A, additional, Trimarchi, M, additional, Tsang, M B, additional, Verde, G, additional, Veselsky, M, additional, Vigilante, M, additional, Wang, Yongjia, additional, Wieloch, A, additional, Wigg, P, additional, Winkelbauer, J, additional, Wolter, H H, additional, Wu, P, additional, Yennello, S, additional, Zambon, P, additional, Zetta, L, additional, and Zoric, M, additional

Published
2017
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17. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: Investigating the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

Lunardi, S., Russotto, P., Chartier, M., Cozma, M. D., De Filippo, E., Le Fèvre, A., Gannon, S., Gašparić, I., Kiš, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q., Łukasik, J., Marini, P., Pawłowski, P., Santoro, S., Trautmann, W., Veselsky, M., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al Ajlan, A., Al Garawi, M., Al Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Bassini, R., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Czech, B., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, Riccardo, Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Lombardo, I., Lynch, W. G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pirrone, S., Pleskac, R., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., Zoric, M., Bizzeti, P. G., Bucci, C., Chiari, M., Dainese, A., Di Nezza, P., Menegazzo, R., Nannini, A., Signorini, C., Valiente Dobon, J. J., Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Russotto, P., Chartier, M., Filippo, E., Fèvre, A., Gannon, S., Gaparić, I., Ki, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R., Ukasik, J., Marini, P., Pagano, A., Pawowski, P., Santoro, S, Trautmann, W., Veselsky, M., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, D., Czech, B., Toro, M., Famiano, M., Geraci, E., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Li, Q., Lombardo, I., Lynch, W., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Papa, M., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M., Verde, G., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., Zoric, M., B.A.Li and J.B.Natowitz, P., Russotto, M., Chartier, E., De Filippo, A., Le Fevre, S., Gannon, A., Ga??spari??, M., Ki??, S., Kupny, Y., Leifel, R., Lemmon, J., Lukasik, P., Marini, A., Pagano, P., Pawlowski, S., Santoro, W., Trautmann, M., Veselsky, L., Acosta, M., Adamczyk, A., Al Ajlan, M., Al Garawi, S., Al Homaidhi, F., Amorini, L., Auditore, T., Aumann, Y., Ayyad, V., Baran, Z., Basrak, J., Benlliure, C., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, K., Boretzky, J., Brzychczyk, A., Budzanowski, G., Cardella, P., Cammarata, Z., Chajecki, A., Chbihi, M., Colonna, B., Czech, M., Di Toro, M., Famiano, E., Geraci, L., Grassi, V., Greco, C., Guazzoni, P., Guazzoni, M., Heil, L., Heilborn, R., Introzzi, T., Isobe, K., Kezzar, A., Krasznahorskay, N., Kurz, E., La Guidara, G., Lanzalone, P., Lasko, Q., Li, I., Lombardo, W. G., Lynch, Z., Matthew, L., May, T., Minniti, M., Mostazo, M., Papa, S., Pirrone, G., Politi, F., Porto, R., Reifarth, W., Reisdorf, F., Riccio, F., Rizzo, Rosato, Elio, D., Rossi, H., Simon, I., Skwirczynska, Z., Sosin, A., Trifirò, M., Trimarchi, M. B., Tsang, G., Verde, Vigilante, Mariano, A., Wieloch, P., Wigg, H. H., Wolter, P., Wu, S., Yennello, P., Zambon, L., Zetta, M., Zoric, Cozma, M., De Filippo, E., Le Fèvre, A., Gašparić, I., Kiš, M., Łukasik, J., Pawłowski, P., Santoro, S., Bassini, R., Di Toro, M., La Guidara, E., and Pleskac, R.

Subjects
Particle physics, History, QC1-999, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, and isobaric spin 24.10.Pa Thermal and statistical models, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Education, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), nuclear physics, heavy-ions, symmetry energy, Au+Au collisions, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, sezele, Order (ring theory), Nuclear equation of state, Observable, 21.65.-f Nuclear matter 27.80.+w 190(less-than-or-equal-to)A(less-than-or-equal-to)219 24.60.-k Statistical theory and fluctuations 25.75.Gz Particle correlations and fluctuations 21.10.Hw Spin, Symmetry (physics), Term (time), Computer Science Applications, parity, Nuclear reactions, Saturation (chemistry), Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich heavy-ions systems at intermediate energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear Equation Of State (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI laboratory by the ASY-EOS collaboration in May 2011., Comment: Talk given by P. Russotto at the 11th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1, 2012. To appear in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)

Published
2013
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18. Studying heavy-ion collisions with FAUST-QTS

Author

Cammarata, P. Chapman, M. B. Souliotis, G. A. Bakhtiari, L. and Behling, S. Bonasera, G. Heilborn, L. A. Mabiala, J. and McIntosh, A. B. May, L. W. Raphelt, A. Youngs, M. D. and Zarrella, A. Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Heavy-ion collisions at lower energies provide a rich environment for investigating reaction dynamics. Recent theory has suggested a sensitivity to the symmetry energy and the equation of state via deformations of the reaction system and ternary breaking of the deformed reaction partners into three heavy fragments. A new detection system has been commissioned at Texas A&M University in an attempt to investigate some of the observables sensitive to the nuclear equation of state.

Published
2015

19. The ASY-EOS Experiment at GSI

Author

Russotto, Paolo, Chartier, Marielle, Cozma, Mircea Dan, De Filippo, Enrico, Le Fèvre, Arnaud, Gannon, S., Gašparić, Igor, Kis, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Yvonne, Lemmon, Roy Crawford, Li, Q., Lukasik, J., Marini, P., Pawlowski, P., Trautmann, Wolfgang, Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, Francesca, Auditore, Lucrezia, Aumann, Thomas, Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Bassini, R., Benlliure Anaya, Jose Fernando, Boiano, Ciro, Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, Konstanze, Brzychczyk, Janusz, Budzanowski, Andrzej, Cardella, Giuseppe, Chajecki, Zbigniew, Chbihi, A., Colonna, Maria, Czech, Bronislaw, Di Toro, Massimo, Famiano, Michael A., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, Chiara, Guazzoni, P., Heil, Michael, Heilborn, L., Introzzi, Riccardo, Isobe, Tadaaki, Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, Attila, Kurz, Nikolaus, La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, Gaetano, Lasko, P., Lombardo, Ivano, Lynch, William G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pirrone, Sara, Pleskac, Radek, Politi, Giuseppe, Porto, Francesco, Reifarth, René, Reisdorf, Willibrord, Riccio, F., Rizzo, Francesca, Rosato, E., Rossi, Dominic M., Santoro, S., Simon, Haik, Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Zbigniew, Stuhl, László, Trifirò, Antonio, Trimarchi, Marina, Tsang, M. Betty, Verde, Giuseppe, Veselsky, M., Vigilante, Mariano, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, Hermann, Wu, P., Yennello, Sherry J., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., Zoric, Maja, Russotto, Paolo, Chartier, Marielle, Cozma, Mircea Dan, De Filippo, Enrico, Le Fèvre, Arnaud, Gannon, S., Gašparić, Igor, Kis, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Yvonne, Lemmon, Roy Crawford, Li, Q., Lukasik, J., Marini, P., Pawlowski, P., Trautmann, Wolfgang, Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, Francesca, Auditore, Lucrezia, Aumann, Thomas, Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Bassini, R., Benlliure Anaya, Jose Fernando, Boiano, Ciro, Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, Konstanze, Brzychczyk, Janusz, Budzanowski, Andrzej, Cardella, Giuseppe, Chajecki, Zbigniew, Chbihi, A., Colonna, Maria, Czech, Bronislaw, Di Toro, Massimo, Famiano, Michael A., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, Chiara, Guazzoni, P., Heil, Michael, Heilborn, L., Introzzi, Riccardo, Isobe, Tadaaki, Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, Attila, Kurz, Nikolaus, La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, Gaetano, Lasko, P., Lombardo, Ivano, Lynch, William G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pirrone, Sara, Pleskac, Radek, Politi, Giuseppe, Porto, Francesco, Reifarth, René, Reisdorf, Willibrord, Riccio, F., Rizzo, Francesca, Rosato, E., Rossi, Dominic M., Santoro, S., Simon, Haik, Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Zbigniew, Stuhl, László, Trifirò, Antonio, Trimarchi, Marina, Tsang, M. Betty, Verde, Giuseppe, Veselsky, M., Vigilante, Mariano, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, Hermann, Wu, P., Yennello, Sherry J., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, Maja

Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or light complex particles in reactions of heavy ions at pre-relativistic energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. In the ASY-EOS experiment at the GSI laboratory, flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for 197Au+197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon. Flow results obtained for the Au+Au system, in comparison with predictions of the UrQMD transport model, confirm the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data.

Published
2016

20. How much cooler would it be with some more neutrons?: Exploring the asymmetry dependence of the nuclear caloric curve and the liquid-gas phase transition

Author

McIntosh, A.B. Mabiala, J. Bonasera, A. Cammarata, P. Hagel, K. Kohley, Z. Heilborn, L. May, L.W. Marini, P. Raphelt, A. Souliotis, G.A. Wuenschel, S. Zarrella, A. Zheng, H. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Despite the long-standing interest in the symmetry energy by the nuclear physics community, much work remains to characterize the equation of state away from the valley of stability and normal density. Although the correlations between the thermodynamic properties (temperature, density, pressure) has been explored, the dependence of these correlations on the neutron-proton asymmetry has only recently been probed experimentally. In this work, we provide evidence for the asymmetry dependence of the nuclear caloric curve using multiple independent probes. Correlations between the temperature, density and pressure when normalized to their critical values exhibit scaling, allowing extraction of the critical point. The location of the critical point shows a dependence on the neutron-proton asymmetry. © 2014 SIF, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Published
2014

21. Quantum suppression of fluctuations and temperatures of reconstructed A ∼ 30 quasi-projectiles

Author

Stein, B.C. Bonasera, A. Souliotis, G.A. Zheng, H. Cammarata, P.J. Echeverria, A.J. Heilborn, L. Keksis, A.L. Kohley, Z. Mabiala, J. Marini, P. May, L.W. McIntosh, A.B. Richers, C. Shetty, D.V. Soisson, S.N. Tripathi, R. Wuenschel, S. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Suppression of multiplicity fluctuations has been observed for three light fermions (protons, tritons and 3He) in the multifragmentation of reconstructed hot quasi-projectiles produced in collisions of 32S (45 MeV/nucleon) with 112Sn. This suppression, predicted by recent calculations, is attributed to Pauli blocking and has also been observed in experiments with trapped Fermi gases. Experimental results on nuclear temperature and density employing a quantal approach based on momentum and multiplicity fluctuations are also presented. The extracted temperatures show a noticeable reduction when compared to a similarly derived classical method. This reduction in temperature is in agreement with previous predictions indicating that classically derived methods overpredict nuclear temperature as they do not take into account the Fermi motion of the nucleons. The present results underline the role of quantum statistics in nuclear disassembly and suggest the need for proper quantum treatment when dealing with the thermodynamic properties of fragmenting heavy ions. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2014

22. Experimental determination of the quasi-projectile mass with measured neutrons

Author

Marini, P. Zarrella, A. Bonasera, A. Bonasera, G. Cammarata, P. Heilborn, L. Kohley, Z. Mabiala, J. May, L.W. McIntosh, A.B. Raphelt, A. Souliotis, G.A. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The investigation of the isospin dependence of multifragmentation reactions relies on precise reconstruction of the fragmenting source. The criteria used to assign free emitted neutrons, detected with the TAMU Neutron Ball, to the quasi-projectile source are investigated in the framework of two different simulation codes. Overall and source-specific detection efficiencies for multifragmentation events are found to be model independent. The equivalence of the two different methods used to assign experimentally detected charged particles and neutrons to the emitting source is shown. The method used experimentally to determine quasi-projectile emitted free neutron multiplicity is found to be reasonably accurate and sufficiently precise as to allow for the study of well-defined quasi-projectile sources. Experimental QP neutron multiplicity distributions for three similar reactions with different isospin content are also presented. An increase in neutron emission is found for more n-rich systems. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2013

23. Critical scaling of two-component systems from quantum fluctuations

Author

Mabiala, J. Bonasera, A. Zheng, H. McIntosh, A.B. Kohley, Z. Cammarata, P. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. May, L.W. Raphelt, A. Souliotis, G.A. Zarrella, A. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The thermodynamics of excited nuclear systems allows the exploration of a phase transition in a two-component quantum mixture. Temperatures and densities are derived from quantum fluctuations of fermions. The pressures are determined from the grand partition function of Fisher's model. Critical scaling of observables is found for the first time for fragmenting systems which differ in neutron to proton concentrations thus constraining the equation of state (EOS) of asymmetric nuclear material. The derived critical exponent, β = 0.35 ± 0.01, belongs to the liquid-gas universality class. The critical compressibility factor Pc/ρcTc increases with increasing neutron concentration, which could be due to finite-size and/or Coulomb effects. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Published
2013

24. Particle-particle correlation functions as an experimental probe of the nuclear asymmetry energy

Author

Heilborn, L. Zheng, H. Bonasera, A. McIntosh, A. B. and Cammarata, P. J. Mabiala, J. May, L. W. Raphelt, A. and Souliotis, G. A. Zarella, A. Yennello, S. J.

Abstract

The shapes of correlation functions are known to give information about the spatial and temporal extent of an emitting source. Since these two properties can be sensitive to the density-dependence of the asymmetry energy, these functions have been constructed using transport models in the past. In this work, correlation functions extracted using Constrained Molecular Dynamics (CoMD) are used to investigate the possibility of experimentally probing the density-dependence of the asymmetry energy using these correlation functions and detectors with high angular resolution.

Published
2013

25. Investigation of the nuclear phase transition using the Landau free-energy approach

Author

Mabiala, J. Bonasera, A. Zheng, H. McIntosh, A. B. May, L. W. Cammarata, P. Kohley, Z. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. and Raphelt, A. Souliotis, G. A. Zarrella, A. Yennello, S. J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Fragment yield data have been analyzed using the Landau free energy approach to investigate the critical phenomena of fragmenting quasi-projectiles formed in Zn-64 + Zn-64, Ni-64 + Ni-64, and Zn-70 + Zn-70 reactions at beam energy of 35 MeV/nucleon. Pairing coefficients normalized to the temperature of the fragmenting source (a(p)/T) were extracted from yield data of N = Z fragments in order to correct for odd-even effects in free energy calculations. Plots of fragment free energy (F/T) versus the neutron-proton asymmetry show three minima, indicating the system to be in a first-order phase transition regime. Values of fitting parameters to the Landau free energy equation as well as a(p)/T, which are related to thermodynamic properties of the fragmenting systems, exhibit a dependence on the neutron-proton asymmetry in addition to their dependence on the excitation energy of the fragmenting source. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.017603

Published
2013

26. Asymmetry dependence of the nuclear caloric curve

Author

McIntosh, A.B. Bonasera, A. Cammarata, P. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. Kohley, Z. Mabiala, J. May, L.W. Marini, P. Raphelt, A. Souliotis, G.A. Wuenschel, S. Zarrella, A. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A basic feature of the nuclear equation of state is not yet understood: the dependence of the nuclear caloric curve on the neutron-proton asymmetry. Predictions of theoretical models differ on the magnitude and even the sign of this dependence. In this work, the nuclear caloric curve is examined for fully reconstructed quasi-projectiles around mass A= 50. The caloric curve extracted with the momentum quadrupole fluctuation thermometer shows that the temperature varies linearly with quasi-projectile asymmetry N-ZA. An increase in asymmetry of 0.15 units corresponds to a decrease in temperature on the order of 1 MeV. These results also highlight the importance of a full quasi-projectile reconstruction in the study of thermodynamic properties of hot nuclei. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2013

27. Systematic study of the symmetry energy within the approach of the statistical multifragmentation model

Author

Marini, P. Bonasera, A. Souliotis, G.A. Cammarata, P. Wuenschel, S. Tripathi, R. Kohley, Z. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. Mabiala, J. May, L.W. McIntosh, A.B. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A systematic study on the effect of secondary decay on the symmetry energy coefficient extracted by isoscaling and the recently proposed isobaric yield ratio methods within the statistical multifragmentation model (SMM) is performed. The correlations between the input symmetry energy coefficients and the calculated ones from both primary and secondary fragment yields are analyzed. Results for secondary fragments show that the best estimation of the input symmetry energy coefficient within SMM is obtained by the isoscaling method, using the yields of light fragments. A comparison to experimental results is also presented. © 2013 American Physical Society.

Published
2013

28. Constraining the symmetry term in the nuclear equation of state at subsaturation densities and finite temperatures

Author

Marini, P. Bonasera, A. McIntosh, A. Tripathi, R. Galanopoulos, S. Hagel, K. Heilborn, L. Kohley, Z. May, L.W. Mehlman, M. Soisson, S.N. Souliotis, G.A. Shetty, D.V. Smith, W.B. Stein, B.C. Wuenschel, S. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Methods of extraction of the symmetry energy (or enthalpy) coefficient to temperature ratio from isobaric and isotopic yields of fragments produced in Fermi-energy heavy-ion collisions are discussed. We show that the methods are consistent when the hot fragmenting source is well characterized and its excitation energy and isotopic composition are properly taken into account. The results are independent of the mass number of the detected fragments, which suggests that their fate is decided very early in the reaction. © 2012 American Physical Society

Published
2012

29. Multifragmentation of reconstructed quasi-projectiles in the mass region A 3∼0

Author

Soisson, S.N. Botvina, A. Souliotis, G.A. Stein, B.C. Heilborn, L. Keksis, A.L. Kohley, Z. May, L.W. Shetty, D.V. Wuenschel, S. Yennello, S.J.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The production of fragments from a broad range of reconstructed quasi-projectiles obtained in the interaction of 32S (45 MeV/nucleon) with 112Sn was studied. A good description of the experimental data on the multifragmentation of these light quasi-projectiles with a model framework based on deep inelastic transfer followed by SMM (statistical multifragmentation model) was obtained. The charge and mass distributions of the observed fragments show that the break-up of a given quasi-projectile source is highly correlated to its isospin composition. The sensitivity of the hot primary fragments to the symmetry energy was investigated in detail. It was found that for the present light systems (A30), a good description of the experimental data on the charge distributions, the N/Z distributions and the isotopic distributions of the fragments is obtained by the SMM calculations involving the standard (Csym = 25 MeV), as well as, a reduced value of the symmetry energy (Csym = 8 MeV). However, the reduced value of the symmetry energy appears to provide a better description of the isotopic distributions in most of the cases. This is in agreement with an overall reduction of the symmetry energy of primary fragments indicated by a number of multifragmentation studies of heavier systems. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2012

30. Quantum suppression of fluctuations and temperatures of reconstructedA∼ 30 quasi-projectiles

Author

Stein, B C, primary, Bonasera, A, additional, Souliotis, G A, additional, Zheng, H, additional, Cammarata, P J, additional, Echeverria, A J, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, Keksis, A L, additional, Kohley, Z, additional, Mabiala, J, additional, Marini, P, additional, May, L W, additional, McIntosh, A B, additional, Richers, C, additional, Shetty, D V, additional, Soisson, S N, additional, Tripathi, R, additional, Wuenschel, S, additional, and Yennello, S J, additional

Published
2014
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31. Equation of State Effects on Nucleon Transport

Author

May, L W, primary, Cammarata, P, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, Kohley, Z, additional, Mabiala, J, additional, McIntosh, A, additional, Raphelt, A, additional, Zarrella, A, additional, and Yennello, S J, additional

Published
2013
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33. Asymmetry Dependence of the Nuclear Caloric Curve

Author

McIntosh, A B, primary, Bonasera, A, additional, Cammarata, P, additional, Hagel, K, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, Kohley, Z, additional, Mabiala, J, additional, May, L W, additional, Marini, P, additional, Raphelt, A, additional, Souliotis, G A, additional, Wuenschel, S, additional, Zarrella, A, additional, and Yennello, S J, additional

Published
2013
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34. Experimental signals of a nuclear liquid-gas phase transition

Author

Mabiala, J, primary, Bonasera, A, additional, Zheng, H, additional, McIntosh, A B, additional, Kohley, Z, additional, Cammarata, P, additional, Hagel, K, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, May, L W, additional, Raphelt, A, additional, Souliotis, G A, additional, Zarrella, A, additional, and Yennello, S J, additional

Published
2013
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36. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: investigating the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

Russotto, P, primary, Chartier, M, additional, Filippo, E De, additional, Fèvre, A Le, additional, Gannon, S, additional, Gašparić, I, additional, Kiš, M, additional, Kupny, S, additional, Leifels, Y, additional, Lemmon, R C, additional, Łukasik, J, additional, Marini, P, additional, Pagano, A, additional, Pawłowski, P, additional, Santoro, S, additional, Trautmann, W, additional, Veselsky, M, additional, Acosta, L, additional, Adamczyk, M, additional, Al-Ajlan, A, additional, Al-Garawi, M, additional, Al-Homaidhi, S, additional, Amorini, F, additional, Auditore, L, additional, Aumann, T, additional, Ayyad, Y, additional, Baran, V, additional, Basrak, Z, additional, Benlliure, J, additional, Boiano, C, additional, Boisjoli, M, additional, Boretzky, K, additional, Brzychczyk, J, additional, Budzanowski, A, additional, Cardella, G, additional, Cammarata, P, additional, Chajecki, Z, additional, Chbihi, A, additional, Colonna, M, additional, Cozma, D, additional, Czech, B, additional, Toro, M Di, additional, Famiano, M, additional, Geraci, E, additional, Greco, V, additional, Grassi, L, additional, Guazzoni, C, additional, Guazzoni, P, additional, Heil, M, additional, Heilborn, L, additional, Introzzi, R, additional, Isobe, T, additional, Kezzar, K, additional, Krasznahorkay, A, additional, Kurz, N, additional, Guidara, E La, additional, Lanzalone, G, additional, Lasko, P, additional, Li, Q, additional, Lombardo, I, additional, Lynch, W G, additional, Matthews, Z, additional, May, L, additional, Minniti, T, additional, Mostazo, M, additional, Papa, M, additional, Pirrone, S, additional, Politi, G, additional, Porto, F, additional, Reifarth, R, additional, Reisdorf, W, additional, Riccio, F, additional, Rizzo, F, additional, Rosato, E, additional, Rossi, D, additional, Simon, H, additional, Skwirczynska, I, additional, Sosin, Z, additional, Stuhl, L, additional, Trifirò, A, additional, Trimarchi, M, additional, Tsang, M B, additional, Verde, G, additional, Vigilante, M, additional, Wieloch, A, additional, Wigg, P, additional, Wolter, H H, additional, Wu, P, additional, Yennello, S, additional, Zambon, P, additional, Zetta, L, additional, and Zoric, M, additional

Published
2013
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38. ASY-EOS experiment at GSI

Author

Russotto, P., primary, Acosta, L., additional, Adamczyk, M., additional, Al-Ajlan, A., additional, Al-Garawi, M., additional, Al-Homaidhi, S., additional, Amorini, F., additional, Auditore, L., additional, Aumann, T., additional, Ayyad, Y., additional, Baran, V., additional, Basrak, Z., additional, Benlliure, J., additional, Boiano, C., additional, Boisjoli, C., additional, Boretzky, K., additional, Brzychczyk, J., additional, Budzanowski, A., additional, Cardella, G., additional, Cammarata, P., additional, Cavallaro, S., additional, Chajecki, Z., additional, Chartier, M., additional, Chbihi, A., additional, Colonna, M., additional, Czech, B., additional, De Filippo, E., additional, Di Toro, M., additional, Famiano, M., additional, Le Fevre, A., additional, Gašsparić, A., additional, Geraci, E., additional, Grassi, L., additional, Greco, V., additional, Guazzoni, C., additional, Guazzoni, P., additional, Heil, M., additional, Heilborn, L., additional, Introzzi, R., additional, Isobe, T., additional, Kezzar, K., additional, Kiš, M., additional, Kupny, S., additional, Kurz, N., additional, La Guidara, E., additional, Lanzalone, G., additional, Lasko, P., additional, Leifels, Y., additional, Lemmon, R., additional, Li, Q., additional, Lombardo, I., additional, Loria, D., additional, Lukasik, J., additional, Lynch, W.G., additional, Marini, P., additional, Matthews, Z., additional, May, L., additional, Minniti, T., additional, Mostazo, M., additional, Pagano, A., additional, Papa, M., additional, Pawlowski, P., additional, Petrovici, M., additional, Pirrone, S., additional, Politi, G., additional, Porto, F., additional, Reifarth, R., additional, Reisdorf, W., additional, Riccio, F., additional, Rizzo, F., additional, Rosato, E., additional, Rossi, D., additional, Santoro, S., additional, Simon, H., additional, Skwirczynska, I., additional, Sosin, Z., additional, Trautmann, W., additional, Trifirò, A., additional, Trimarchi, M., additional, Tsang, B., additional, Veselsky, M., additional, Verde, G., additional, Vigilante, M., additional, Wieloch, A., additional, Wigg, P., additional, Wilczynski, J., additional, Wolter, H.H., additional, Wu, P., additional, Yennello, S., additional, Zambon, P., additional, Zetta, L., additional, and Zoric, M., additional

Published
2012
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39. Quantum suppression of fluctuations and temperatures of reconstructed A ∼ 30 quasi-projectiles.

Author

Stein, B C, Bonasera, A, Souliotis, G A, Zheng, H, Cammarata, P J, Echeverria, A J, Heilborn, L, Keksis, A L, Kohley, Z, Mabiala, J, Marini, P, May, L W, McIntosh, A B, Richers, C, Shetty, D V, Soisson, S N, Tripathi, R, Wuenschel, S, and Yennello, S J

Subjects
ELECTRON gas research, INTERACTING boson-fermion models, FERMIONS, COLLISIONS (Physics), NUCLEAR reactions, NUCLEAR particle research, HEAVY ions
Abstract

Suppression of multiplicity fluctuations has been observed for three light fermions (protons, tritons and 3He) in the multifragmentation of reconstructed hot quasi-projectiles produced in collisions of 32S (45 MeV/nucleon) with 112Sn. This suppression, predicted by recent calculations, is attributed to Pauli blocking and has also been observed in experiments with trapped Fermi gases. Experimental results on nuclear temperature and density employing a quantal approach based on momentum and multiplicity fluctuations are also presented. The extracted temperatures show a noticeable reduction when compared to a similarly derived classical method. This reduction in temperature is in agreement with previous predictions indicating that classically derived methods overpredict nuclear temperature as they do not take into account the Fermi motion of the nucleons. The present results underline the role of quantum statistics in nuclear disassembly and suggest the need for proper quantum treatment when dealing with the thermodynamic properties of fragmenting heavy ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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40. Probing the Symmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State at High Baryonic Densities

Author

M. Trimarchi, A. Chbihi, Piotr Pawłowski, G. Lanzalone, Riccardo Introzzi, Roy Crawford Lemmon, S. Kupny, Yongjia Wang, Z. Matthews, F. Amorini, Marielle Chartier, M. Zoric, J. Brzychczyk, Chiara Guazzoni, F. Rizzo, N. Kurz, H. H. Wolter, Matthias Heil, M. Al-Garawi, D. M. Rossi, Zbigniew Sosin, P. Z. Wu, Maria Colonna, A. Budzanowski, Qingfeng Li, Yassid Ayyad, W. G. Lynch, Abdulrahman Alajlan, F. Porto, M. Mostazo, Sherry Yennello, Herbert A. Simon, P. Wigg, Giuseppe Verde, P. Cammarata, Lauren Heilborn, D. G. Sarantites, S. Al-Homaidhi, E. V. Pagano, S. Santoro, Mariano Vigilante, W. Reviol, A. Pagano, P. Guazzoni, S. Pirrone, L. Stuhl, T. Isobe, E. La Guidara, P. Lasko, K. Kezzar, J. Łukasik, L. Zetta, P. Russotto, L. Grassi, Michael Famiano, J. Benlliure, A. Wieloch, M. Boisjoli, I. Skwirczyńska, W. Trautmann, S. Gannon, Igor Gašparić, Jack Winkelbauer, Elio Rosato, A. Le Fèvre, Thomas Aumann, M. Kiš, P. Zambon, Z. Chajecki, Michele Papa, M. Adamczyk, Ivano Lombardo, M. B. Tsang, M. D. Cozma, A. Trifirò, Martin Veselsky, F. Riccio, Luis Acosta, Yvonne Leifels, E. De Filippo, K. Boretzky, L. W. May, Lucrezia Auditore, C. Caesar, G. Politi, M. Di Toro, B. Czech, Attila Krasznahorkay, G. Cardella, Paola Marini, Triestino Minniti, Zoran Basrak, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Russotto, P., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Caesar, C., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chartier, M., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, M. D., Czech, B., De Filippo, E., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Gannon, S., Gašparić, I., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Kiš, M., Krasznahorkay, A., Kupny, S., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Le Fèvre, A., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q. F., Lombardo, I., Łukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Marini, P., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Pagano, E. V., Papa, M., Pawłowski, P., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reviol, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Sarantites, D. G., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trautmann, W., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wang, Yongjia, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Winkelbauer, J., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
Physics, Linear density, History, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear equation of state, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Symmetry (physics), Computer Science Applications, Education, Term (time), Nuclear physics, Baryon, Physics and Astronomy (all), symmetry energy, neutron flow, nuclear equation of state, heavy-ion scattering, relativistic quantum molecular dynamics, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, density dependence, transport theory, elliptic flow, 0.4 GeV/nucleon, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; In the ASY-EOS experiment flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for (197)Au+(197)Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon, in order to investigate the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. By comparing the experimental data with the UrQMD transport model predictions, we have extracted a new constraint in agreement with the moderately soft to linear density dependence obtained in the former analysis on FOPI-LAND data, but reducing the associated uncertainty by a factor ∼ 2.

Published
2017
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41. Results of the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density

Author

S. Al-Homaidhi, Abdulrahman Alajlan, A. Wieloch, F. Amorini, Angelo Pagano, Marielle Chartier, E. Rosato, Roy Crawford Lemmon, D. G. Sarantites, S. Kupny, Z. Chajecki, Martin Veselsky, Tadaaki Isobe, M. B. Tsang, F. Riccio, Z. Basrak, Triestino Minniti, A. Chbihi, G. Cardella, P. Zambon, Piotr Pawłowski, J. Benlliure, Giuseppe Verde, Michele Papa, M. Adamczyk, L. Stuhl, Marina Trimarchi, M.D. Cozma, J. Brzychczyk, A. Trifirò, E. De Filippo, C. Caesar, Z. Matthews, Maria Colonna, Lauren Heilborn, F. Rizzo, S. Santoro, N. Kurz, S. Pirrone, S. Gannon, H. H. Wolter, M. Kiš, Luis Acosta, P. Cammarata, Igor Gašparić, Jack Winkelbauer, P. Lasko, Michael Heil, E. La Guidara, Y. Leifels, A. Le Fèvre, A. Krasznahorkay, K. Boretzky, M. Di Toro, B. Czech, I. Lombardo, Thomas Aumann, P. Wigg, E. V. Pagano, M. Boisjoli, K. Kezzar, Paola Marini, W. Reviol, P. Guazzoni, Michael Famiano, I. Skwirczyńska, L. Zetta, P. Russotto, Sherry Yennello, F. Porto, M. Mostazo, W. G. Lynch, H. Simon, M. Zoric, Riccardo Introzzi, M. Al-Garawi, P. Z. Wu, Yassid Ayyad, J. Łukasik, L. Grassi, Chiara Guazzoni, A. Budzanowski, D. M. Rossi, Zbigniew Sosin, Qingfeng Li, Mariano Vigilante, W. Trautmann, G. Lanzalone, Yongjia Wang, L. W. May, Lucrezia Auditore, G. Politi, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Russotto, P., Gannon, S., Kupny, S., Lasko, P., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Caesar, C., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chartier, M., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, M. D., Czech, B., De Filippo, E., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Gašparić, I., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Kiš, M., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Le Fèvre, A., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q. F., Lombardo, I., Łukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Marini, P., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Pagano, E. V., Papa, M., Pawłowski, P., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reviol, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Sarantites, D. G., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trautmann, W., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wang, Yongjia, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Winkelbauer, J., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, sezele, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Symmetry (physics), Nuclear physics, symmetry energy, neutron flow, nuclear equation of state, heavy-ion scattering, relativistic quantum molecular dynamics, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, density dependence, transport theory, elliptic flow, 0.4 GeV/nucleon, 0103 physical sciences, HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS, EQUATION-OF-STATE, MASS-RADIUS RELATION, COLLECTIVE FLOW, PION-PRODUCTION, NEUTRON, DEPENDENCE, FRAGMENTATION, SYSTEMATICS, EMISSION, Large Area Neutron Detector, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Event (particle physics), Parametrization
Abstract

Directed and elliptic flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for the reaction 197Au+197Au at 400 MeV/nucleon incident energy within the ASY-EOS experimental campaign at the GSI laboratory. The detection system consisted of the Large Area Neutron Detector LAND, combined with parts of the CHIMERA multidetector, of the ALADIN Time-of-flight Wall, and of the Washington-University Microball detector. The latter three arrays were used for the event characterization and reaction-plane reconstruction. In addition, an array of triple telescopes, KRATTA, was used for complementary measurements of the isotopic composition and flows of light charged particles. From the comparison of the elliptic flow ratio of neutrons with respect to charged particles with UrQMD predictions, a value \gamma = 0.72 \pm 0.19 is obtained for the power-law coefficient describing the density dependence of the potential part in the parametrization of the symmetry energy. It represents a new and more stringent constraint for the regime of supra-saturation density and confirms, with a considerably smaller uncertainty, the moderately soft to linear density dependence deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data. The densities probed are shown to reach beyond twice saturation., Comment: 25 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C

Published
2016
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42. The symmetry energy at suprasaturation density and the ASY-EOS experiment at GSI

Author

S. Santoro, P. Lasko, Luis Acosta, D. G. Sarantites, S. Al-Homaidhi, K. Boretzky, Giuseppe Verde, F. Porto, S. Pirrone, Z. Chajecki, E. V. Pagano, D. M. Rossi, Zbigniew Sosin, Qingfeng Li, A. Wieloch, Sherry Yennello, F. Rizzo, L. Stuhl, M. B. Tsang, L. Zetta, Roy Crawford Lemmon, S. Kupny, Maria Colonna, M. Kiš, Martin Veselsky, P. Zambon, C. Caesar, F. Riccio, P. Cammarata, Yvonne Leifels, I. Skwirczyńska, J. Benlliure, Marina Trimarchi, Chiara Guazzoni, Mariano Vigilante, A. Trifirò, P. Russotto, Z. Basrak, A. Chbihi, L. W. May, W. Trautmann, M. Di Toro, Piotr Pawłowski, B. Czech, E. La Guidara, M.D. Cozma, W. Reviol, A. Pagano, P. Guazzoni, H. H. Wolter, Michael Famiano, J. Brzychczyk, E. De Filippo, M. Al-Garawi, G. Cardella, G. Lanzalone, Z. Matthews, Igor Gašparić, Jack Winkelbauer, W. G. Lynch, A. Budzanowski, N. Kurz, L. Grassi, M. Mostazo, A. Le Fèvre, Elio Rosato, Paola Marini, M. Zoric, Thomas Aumann, A. Krasznahorkay, Herbert A. Simon, Riccardo Introzzi, Yongjia Wang, P. Wigg, K. Kezzar, Abdulrahman Alajlan, J. Łukasik, P. Z. Wu, Yassid Ayyad, Triestino Minniti, Ivano Lombardo, Lucrezia Auditore, G. Politi, M. Boisjoli, F. Amorini, Marielle Chartier, Lauren Heilborn, Tadaaki Isobe, Matthias Heil, Michele Papa, M. Adamczyk, S. Gannon, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), De Filippo, E., Russotto, P., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Caesar, C., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chartier, M., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Cozma, M. D., Czech, B., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Gannon, S., Gašparić, I., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Kiš, M., Krasznahorkay, A., Kupny, S., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Le Fèvre, A., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q. F., Lombardo, I., Łukasik, J., Lynch, W. G., Marini, P., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Pagano, E. V., Papa, M., Pawłowski, P., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reviol, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Sarantites, D. G., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trautmann, W., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wang, Yongjia, Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Winkelbauer, J., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
energy: symmetry, QC1-999, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Elementary particle, Astrophysics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, gold, charged particle, Charged particle, Symmetry (physics), Darmstadt Lab, n: elliptic flow, nucleus: equation of state, density dependence, density, Baryon, Nucleon, light nucleus, saturation: density, experimental results
Abstract

International audience; The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI laboratory measured the direct and elliptic flow of neutrons and light charged particles in the reaction 197Au+197 Au at 400 A MeV incident energy. The ratio of elliptic flow of neutrons with respect to that of the light charged particles was used as main experimental observable to probe the density dependence of the symmetry energy term of the nuclear equation of state. Results, obtained by comparison of the experimental data with the UrQMD model predictions, strongly support a moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy at suprasaturation densities below 2ρ0.

Published
2016
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43. The ASY-EOS Experiment at GSI

Author

Z. Basrak, A. Chbihi, Piotr Pawłowski, H. H. Wolter, Giuseppe Verde, Z. Matthews, S. Pirrone, Z. Chajecki, Maria Colonna, M. B. Tsang, J. Łukasik, F. Amorini, F. Rizzo, Abdulrahman Alajlan, Triestino Minniti, P. Cammarata, Marielle Chartier, Chiara Guazzoni, A. Budzanowski, Zbigniew Sosin, Qingfeng Li, L. Grassi, B. Czech, Martin Veselsky, F. Riccio, W. G. Lynch, N. Kurz, Vincenzo Greco, Yvonne Leifels, M. Boisjoli, Attila Krasznahorkay, Sherry Yennello, L. Stuhl, Herbert A. Simon, Mariano Vigilante, W. Trautmann, P. Russotto, S. Al-Homaidhi, W. Reisdorf, F. Porto, A. Wieloch, P. Wigg, E. La Guidara, K. Kezzar, I. Skwirczyńska, L. Zetta, Paola Marini, M. Kiš, M. Zoric, Igor Gašparić, G. Lanzalone, R. Pleskac, Elio Rosato, Angelo Pagano, M. D. Cozma, Lauren Heilborn, L. Acosta, E. De Filippo, Riccardo Introzzi, Roy Crawford Lemmon, S. Gannon, D. Rossi, M. Di Toro, C. Boiano, S. Kupny, G. Cardella, Michele Papa, M. Adamczyk, J. Benlliure, Rene Reifarth, P. Z. Wu, A. Trifirò, Yassid Ayyad, Matthias Heil, Ivano Lombardo, M. Al-Garawi, Tadaaki Isobe, P. Guazzoni, Michael Famiano, M. Trimarchi, R. Bassini, A. Le Fèvre, Thomas Aumann, J. Brzychczyk, Lucrezia Auditore, G. Politi, L. W. May, K. Boretzky, M. Mostazo, S. Santoro, P. Lasko, V. Baran, P. Zambon, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Greco, V., Russotto, P., Chartier, M., Cozma, M. D., De Filippo, E., Le Fèvre, A., Gannon, S., Gašparić, I., Kiš, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q., Aukasik, J., Marini, P., Pawłowski, P., Trautmann, W., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Bassini, R., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Czech, B., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Lombardo, I., Lynch, W. G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pirrone, S., Pleskac, R., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., Zoric, M., Greco, Vincenzo, La Cognata, M., Pirrone, Sara, Rizzo, Francesca, Spitaleri, Claudio, and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
DENSITY-DEPENDENCE, COLLISIONS, heavy ion: scattering, energy: symmetry, QC1-999, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Elementary particle, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Ion, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), quantum molecular dynamics: relativistic, symmetry energy, neutron flow, nuclear equation of state, heavy-ion scattering, relativistic quantum molecular dynamics, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, density dependence, transport theory, elliptic flow, 0.4 GeV/nucleon, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, 010306 general physics, PROBE, Nuclear Experiment, numerical calculations, DETECTOR, Physics, density, DENSITY-DEPENDENCE, SYMMETRY ENERGY, COLLISIONS, FRAGMENTATION, DETECTOR, NEUTRON, PROBE, sezele, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, SYMMETRY ENERGY, charged particle, Charged particle, Baryon, n: flow, NEUTRON, Atomic physics, FRAGMENTATION, Nucleon, nucleus: equation of state
Abstract

International audience; The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or light complex particles in reactions of heavy ions at pre-relativistic energies has been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturation densities. In the ASY-EOS experiment at the GSI laboratory, flows of neutrons and light charged particles were measured for ^197Au+^197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon. Flow results obtained for the Au+Au system, in comparison with predictions of the UrQMD transport model, confirm the moderately soft to linear density dependence of the symmetry energy deduced from the earlier FOPI-LAND data.

Published
2016
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44. The ASY-EOS experiment at GSI: Constraining the symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities

Author

P. Russotto, M. Chartier, M.D. Cozma, E. De Filippo, A. Le Fèvre, S. Gannon, I. Gašparić, M. Kiš, S. Kupny, Y. Leifels, R.C. Lemmon, Q. Li, J. Łukasik, P. Marini, P. Pawłowski, W. Trautmann, L. Acosta, M. Adamczyk, A. Al-Ajlan, M. Al-Garawi, S. Al-Homaidhi, F. Amorini, L. Auditore, T. Aumann, Y. Ayyad, V. Baran, Z. Basrak, R. Bassini, J. Benlliure, C. Boiano, M. Boisjoli, K. Boretzky, J. Brzychczyk, A. Budzanowski, G. Cardella, P. Cammarata, Z. Chajecki, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, B. Czech, M. Di Toro, M. Famiano, V. Greco, L. Grassi, C. Guazzoni, P. Guazzoni, M. Heil, L. Heilborn, R. Introzzi, T. Isobe, K. Kezzar, A. Krasznahorkay, N. Kurz, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, P. Lasko, I. Lombardo, W.G. Lynch, Z. Matthews, L. May, T. Minniti, M. Mostazo, A. Pagano, M. Papa, S. Pirrone, R. Pleskac, G. Politi, F. Porto, R. Reifarth, W. Reisdorf, F. Riccio, F. Rizzo, E. Rosato, D. Rossi, S. Santoro, H. Simon, I. Skwirczynska, Z. Sosin, L. Stuhl, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi, M.B. Tsang, G. Verde, M. Veselsky, M. Vigilante, A. Wieloch, P. Wigg, H.H. Wolter, P. Wu, S. Yennello, P. Zambon, L. Zetta, M. Zoric, Borderie, B., Russotto, P., Chartier, M., Cozma, M. D., De Filippo, E., Le Fever, A., Gannon, S., Gǎsparíc, I., Kǐs, M., Kupny, S., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R. C., Li, Q., Lukasik, J., Marini, P., Pawlowski, P., Trautmann, W., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Bassini, R., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Chajecki, Z., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Czech, B., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Greco, V., Grassi, L., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Krasznahorkay, A., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Lombardo, I., Lynch, W. G., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pirrone, S., Pleskac, R., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Stuhl, L., Trifiro, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, M. B., Verde, G., Veselsky, M., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wolter, H. H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., Zoric, M., Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (all), sezele, Physics, QC1-999, Nuclear Theory, ddc:530, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons or lightcomplex particles in reactions of heavy ions at pre-relativistic energieshas been proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of thesymmetry term of the nuclear equation of state at supra-saturationdensities. In the ASY-EOS experiment at the GSI laboratory, flows ofneutrons and light charged particles were measured for 197Au+197Au,96Zr+96Zr and 96Ru+96Ru collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon with theLarge Area Neutron Detector LAND as part of a setup with severaladditional detection systems used for the event characterization. Flowresults obtained for the Au+Au system, in comparison with predictionsof the UrQMD transport model, confirm the moderately soft to lineardensity dependence of the symmetry energy deduced from the earlierFOPI-LAND data.

Published
2015
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45. ASY-EOS experiment at GSI

Author

S. Pirrone, Riccardo Introzzi, D. Loria, J. Brzychczyk, F. Amorini, Chiara Guazzoni, Marielle Chartier, Triestino Minniti, M. Trimarchi, A. Budzanowski, H. H. Wolter, L. W. May, M. Di Toro, M. Al-Garawi, M. Zoric, B. Tsang, B. Czech, L. Grassi, Z. Chajecki, E. La Guidara, C. Boisjoli, P. Z. Wu, Matthias Heil, Rene Reifarth, G. Politi, Yassid Ayyad, Martin Veselsky, K. Boretzky, Paola Marini, G. Cardella, F. Porto, P. Guazzoni, F. Riccio, Michael Famiano, J. Lukasik, Maria Colonna, Vincenzo Greco, Yvonne Leifels, A. Gašsparić, A. Trifirò, E. Geraci, I. Skwirczyńska, W. Reisdorf, L. Acosta, P. Zambon, A. Le Fèvre, Lauren Heilborn, Michele Papa, M. Adamczyk, Lucrezia Auditore, P. Cammarata, Thomas Aumann, Mihai Petrovici, Z. Basrak, A. Chbihi, Ivano Lombardo, Piotr Pawłowski, S. Cavallaro, Z. Matthews, M. Mostazo, P. Russotto, J. Wilczyński, S. Santoro, P. Lasko, Tadaaki Isobe, F. Rizzo, V. Baran, D. M. Rossi, Zbigniew Sosin, Qingfeng Li, Mariano Vigilante, W. Trautmann, G. Lanzalone, W. G. Lynch, M. Kiš, J. Benlliure, Elio Rosato, S. Al-Homaidhi, C. Boiano, A. Wieloch, Angelo Pagano, E. De Filippo, Abdulrahman Alajlan, Roy Crawford Lemmon, S. Kupny, Sherry Yennello, N. Kurz, L. Zetta, Herbert A. Simon, P. Wigg, K. Kezzar, Giuseppe Verde, Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), J.D Frankland, A. Pagano, S. Pirrone, M.-F Rivet, F. Rizzo, J.D.Frankland, A.Pagano, S.Pirrone, m.F.Rivet, F.Rizzo, P., Russotto, L., Acosta, M., Adamczyk, A., Al Ajlan, M., Al Garawi, S., Al Homaidhi, F., Amorini, L., Auditore, T., Aumann, Y., Ayyad, V., Baran, Z., Basrak, J., Benlliure, C., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, K., Boretzky, J., Brzychczyk, A., Budzanowski, G., Cardella, P., Cammarata, S., Cavallaro, Z., Chajecki, M., Chartier, A., Chbihi, M., Colonna, B., Czech, E., De Filippo, M., Di Toro, M., Famiano, A., Le Fevre, A., Ga??spari??, E., Geraci, L., Grassi, V., Greco, C., Guazzoni, P., Guazzoni, M., Heil, L., Heilborn, R., Introzzi, T., Isobe, K., Kezzar, M., Ki??, S., Kupny, N., Kurz, E., La Guidara, G., Lanzalone, P., Lasko, Y., Leifel, R., Lemmon, Q., Li, Lombardo, Ivano, D., Loria, J., Lukasik, W. G., Lynch, P., Marini, Z., Matthew, L., May, T., Minniti, M., Mostazo, A., Pagano, M., Papa, P., Pawlowski, M., Petrovici, S., Pirrone, G., Politi, F., Porto, R., Reifarth, W., Reisdorf, F., Riccio, F., Rizzo, Rosato, Elio, D., Rossi, S., Santoro, H., Simon, I., Skwirczynska, Z., Sosin, W., Trautmann, A., Trifirò, M., Trimarchi, B., Tsang, M., Veselsky, G., Verde, Vigilante, Mariano, A., Wieloch, P., Wigg, J., Wilczynski, H. H., Wolter, P., Wu, S., Yennello, P., Zambon, L., Zetta, M., Zoric, Russotto, P., Acosta, L., Adamczyk, M., Al-Ajlan, A., Al-Garawi, M., Al-Homaidhi, S., Amorini, F., Auditore, L., Aumann, T., Ayyad, Y., Baran, V., Basrak, Z., Benlliure, J., Boiano, C., Boisjoli, M., Boretzky, K., Brzychczyk, J., Budzanowski, A., Cardella, G., Cammarata, P., Cavallaro, S., Chajecki, Z., Chartier, M., Chbihi, A., Colonna, M., Czech, B., De Filippo, E., Di Toro, M., Famiano, M., Le Fevre, A., Gašparić, I., Geraci, E., Grassi, L., Greco, V., Guazzoni, C., Guazzoni, P., Heil, M., Heilborn, L., Introzzi, R., Isobe, T., Kezzar, K., Kiš, M., Kupny, S., Kurz, N., La Guidara, E., Lanzalone, G., Lasko, P., Leifels, Y., Lemmon, R., Li, Q., Lombardo, I., Loria, D., Lukasik, J., Lynch, W., Marini, P., Matthews, Z., May, L., Minniti, T., Mostazo, M., Pagano, A., Papa, M., Pawlowski, P., Petrovici, M., Pirrone, S., Politi, G., Porto, F., Reifarth, R., Reisdorf, W., Riccio, F., Rizzo, F., Rosato, E., Rossi, D., Santoro, S., Simon, H., Skwirczynska, I., Sosin, Z., Trautmann, W., Trifirò, A., Trimarchi, M., Tsang, B., Veselsky, M., Verde, G., Vigilante, M., Wieloch, A., Wigg, P., Wilczynski, J., Wolter, H., Wu, P., Yennello, S., Zambon, P., Zetta, L., and Zoric, M.

Subjects
Physics, sezele, QC1-999, Nuclear Theory, symmetry energy, Observable, Nuclear equation of state, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], nuclear equation of state, Symmetry (physics), Term (time), Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), nucleus-nucleus collisions, Neutron, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The elliptic-flow ratio of neutrons with respect to protons in reactions of neutron rich Heavy-Ion at intermediate energies has been recently proposed as an observable sensitive to the strength of the symmetry term in the nuclear equation of state (EOS) at supra-saturation densities. The recent results obtained from the existing FOPI/LAND data for 197Au+197Au collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon in comparison with the UrQMD model allowed a first estimate of the symmetry term of the EOS but suffer from a considerable statistical uncertainty. In order to obtain an improved data set for Au+Au collisions and to extend the study to other systems, a new experiment was carried out at the GSI laboratory by the ASY-EOS collaboration in May 2011. © Owned by the authors, 2012.

Published
2012
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