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Platinum group metals (PGMs) are indispensable for the automobile, petrochemical, energy, and national defense industries. However, the mineral resources of PGMs are extremely scarce in China, and the contradiction is prominent between the supply and demand of the resources. Therefore, recycling PGMs becomes an important measure to ensure the safe supply of PGMs and support the high-quality development of related industries. This study analyzes the supply and application of PGMs, clarifies the supply and demand trend of the PGMs market, and sorts out the recycling technologies of PGMs. The hydrometallurgical process includes cyanidation as well as hydrogen chloride combined oxidant method. The pyrometallurgical process includes capture by lead,copper, matte, and iron. The research and application of the pyro-hydro-metallurgical recycling process for PGMs are elaborated from the aspects of the roasting-leaching, iron capture-acid leaching, and low-temperature iron capture-electrolysis-centrifugal extraction processes. The low-temperature iron capture-electrolysis-centrifugal extraction process follows the research idea of low-temperatureiron capture. Through the design of slags with a low melting point, the iron capture temperature is reduced from beyond 1800 ℃ to around 1400 ℃. The enriched Fe-PGM alloy is further enriched by electrolysis, and Pd, Pt, and Rh are successively obtained through centrifugal extraction and purification, realizing the short-process separation and purification of PGMs. This process has the advantages of green, high efficiency, and low cost. Focusing on the high-quality development of the PGM recycling industry, we propose the following suggestions: (1) conducting basic research and technical breakthroughs centering the entire process of PGM enrichment, separation and purification, as well as pollution prevention and control; (2) accelerating the construction of a full-chain standards system for PGM recycling and a green and low-carbon industrial ecological environment; and (3) improving the Internet Plus capabilities through the entire business links to realize the intellectualization of the whole recycling-processing-reuse process.

This paper presents a micromachined thermal convective accelerometer with low power and high reliability. This accelerometer comprises a heater and two thermistors. The central heater elevates the temperature of the chip above ambient levels while the symmetrically arranged thermistors monitor the temperature differentials induced by acceleration. The heater and thermistors are fabricated on a glass substrate using a standard micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) process flow, and the fabricated sensor is installed on a rotation platform and a shaking table experimental setup to perform the experiment. The results indicate that the sensor has the capability to measure accelerations surpassing 80 m/s2, with an approximate linear sensitivity of 110.69 mV/g. This proposed thermal convective accelerometer offers promising potential for various applications requiring precise acceleration measurements in environments where low power consumption and high reliability are paramount. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerobic glycolysis is a common metabolic phenotype in tumors that helps cancer cells adjust to severe living conditions and can aid metastasis in several types of carcinomas, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can influence tumor biology and have been previously used to assess patients' outcomes and to identify potential therapeutic targets. However, despite the importance of glycolysis‐related lncRNAs (GRLs) in the development of CRC, studies on their use as prognostic markers are still limited. Herein, we applied a series of bioinformatic analyses to screen potential prognostic lncRNAs for colorectal cancer. Out of all lncRNAs screened, nine GRLs were selected to constitute a prognostic signature. Based on the signature, two molecular subtypes were classified with distinct prognostic outcomes and excellent diagnostic accuracy (The 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year AUC are 0.756, 0.716, and 0.721, respectively). The prognostic value of this signature was further validated using another cohort. The enriched molecular pathways, immune infiltration, and mutation landscape were also significantly different between the two groups. The different drug sensitivity results between the two groups suggest a potential strategy for precise treatment. Furthermore, we confirmed that AFAP1‐AS1 could regulate aerobic glycolysis and metastasis of CRC cells. Overall, we developed a glycolysis‐related lncRNA (GRL) signature and suggested that this signature could offer a predictive value and identify potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium carbonate biomineralization is remarkable for the ability of organisms to produce calcite or aragonite with perfect fidelity, where this is commonly attributed to specific anionic biomacromolecules. However, it is proven difficult to mimic this behavior using synthetic or biogenic anionic organic molecules. Here, it is shown that cationic polyamines ranging from small molecules to large polyelectrolytes can exert exceptional control over calcium carbonate polymorph, promoting aragonite nucleation at extremely low concentrations but suppressing its growth at high concentrations, such that calcite or vaterite form. The aragonite crystals form via particle assembly, giving nanoparticulate structures analogous to biogenic aragonite, and subsequent growth yields stacked aragonite platelets comparable to structures seen in developing nacre. This mechanism of polymorph selectivity is captured in a theoretical model based on these competing nucleation and growth effects and is completely distinct from the activity of magnesium ions, which generate aragonite by inhibiting calcite. Profiting from these contrasting mechanisms, it is then demonstrated that polyamines and magnesium ions can be combined to give unprecedented control over aragonite formation. These results give insight into calcite/aragonite polymorphism and raise the possibility that organisms may exploit both amine‐rich organic molecules and magnesium ions in controlling calcium carbonate polymorph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteomic analysis is intrinsically an iterative, incremental process. Information is usually acquired gradually by researchers, and in different projects. At the same time, there are relatively few examples of biological data management systems which take into account this reality, most of them usually treat the experiment generated data as static and unchangeable: data are never reconsidered, or seldom, whereas technology becomes more powerful or that other researchers have brought information on data correction. And yet, post-planned analysis [21] which involves multiple iterations and subsequent re-investigations of previously prepared data might bring tremendous benefits.