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1. Antigenic drift and subtype interference shape A(H3N2) epidemic dynamics in the United States.

Author

Perofsky, Amanda, Huddleston, John, Hansen, Chelsea, Barnes, John, Rowe, Thomas, Xu, Xiyan, Kondor, Rebecca, Wentworth, David, Lewis, Nicola, Whittaker, Lynne, Ermetal, Burcu, Harvey, Ruth, Galiano, Monica, Daniels, Rodney, McCauley, John, Fujisaki, Seiichiro, Nakamura, Kazuya, Kishida, Noriko, Watanabe, Shinji, Hasegawa, Hideki, Sullivan, Sheena, Barr, Ian, Subbarao, Kanta, Krammer, Florian, Bedford, Trevor, and Viboud, Cécile

Subjects
H3N2, antigenic drift, epidemiology, global health, human, infectious disease, influenza virus, microbiology, virus, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, United States, Influenza, Human, Humans, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus, Epidemics, Antigenic Drift and Shift, Child, Adult, Neuraminidase, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Antigens, Viral, Young Adult, Evolution, Molecular, Seasons, Middle Aged
Abstract

Influenza viruses continually evolve new antigenic variants, through mutations in epitopes of their major surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Antigenic drift potentiates the reinfection of previously infected individuals, but the contribution of this process to variability in annual epidemics is not well understood. Here, we link influenza A(H3N2) virus evolution to regional epidemic dynamics in the United States during 1997-2019. We integrate phenotypic measures of HA antigenic drift and sequence-based measures of HA and NA fitness to infer antigenic and genetic distances between viruses circulating in successive seasons. We estimate the magnitude, severity, timing, transmission rate, age-specific patterns, and subtype dominance of each regional outbreak and find that genetic distance based on broad sets of epitope sites is the strongest evolutionary predictor of A(H3N2) virus epidemiology. Increased HA and NA epitope distance between seasons correlates with larger, more intense epidemics, higher transmission, greater A(H3N2) subtype dominance, and a greater proportion of cases in adults relative to children, consistent with increased population susceptibility. Based on random forest models, A(H1N1) incidence impacts A(H3N2) epidemics to a greater extent than viral evolution, suggesting that subtype interference is a major driver of influenza A virus infection ynamics, presumably via heterosubtypic cross-immunity.

Published
2024

4. Favorable antibody responses to human coronaviruses in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Author

Deakin, Claire T., Cornish, Georgina H., Ng, Kevin W., Faulkner, Nikhil, Bolland, William, Hope, Joshua, Rosa, Annachiara, Harvey, Ruth, Hussain, Saira, Earl, Christopher, Jebson, Bethany R., Wilkinson, Meredyth G.L.l., Marshall, Lucy R., O’Brien, Kathryn, Rosser, Elizabeth C., Radziszewska, Anna, Peckham, Hannah, Patel, Harsita, Heaney, Judith, Rickman, Hannah, Paraskevopoulou, Stavroula, Houlihan, Catherine F., Spyer, Moira J., Gamblin, Steve J., McCauley, John, Nastouli, Eleni, Levin, Michael, Cherepanov, Peter, Ciurtin, Coziana, Wedderburn, Lucy R., and Kassiotis, George

Published
2021
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6. Combined analyses of within-host SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and information on past exposures to the virus in a human cohort identifies intrinsic differences of Omicron and Delta variants

Author

Russell, Timothy W., Townsley, Hermaleigh, Abbott, Sam, Hellewell, Joel, Carr, Edward J., Chapman, Lloyd A. C., Pung, Rachael, Quilty, Billy J., Hodgson, David, Fowler, Ashley S., Adams, Lorin, Bailey, Chris, Mears, Harriet V., Harvey, Ruth, Clayton, Bobbi, O’Reilly, Nicola, Ngai, Yenting, Nicod, Jerome, Gamblin, Steve, Williams, Bryan, Gandhi, Sonia, Swanton, Charles, Beale, Rupert, Bauer, David L. V., Wall, Emma C., Kucharski, Adam J., Russell, Timothy W., Townsley, Hermaleigh, Abbott, Sam, Hellewell, Joel, Carr, Edward J., Chapman, Lloyd A. C., Pung, Rachael, Quilty, Billy J., Hodgson, David, Fowler, Ashley S., Adams, Lorin, Bailey, Chris, Mears, Harriet V., Harvey, Ruth, Clayton, Bobbi, O’Reilly, Nicola, Ngai, Yenting, Nicod, Jerome, Gamblin, Steve, Williams, Bryan, Gandhi, Sonia, Swanton, Charles, Beale, Rupert, Bauer, David L. V., Wall, Emma C., and Kucharski, Adam J.

Abstract

The emergence of successive Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) during 2020 to 2022, each exhibiting increased epidemic growth relative to earlier circulating variants, has created a need to understand the drivers of such growth. However, both pathogen biology and changing host characteristics—such as varying levels of immunity—can combine to influence replication and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within and between hosts. Disentangling the role of variant and host in individual-level viral shedding of VOCs is essential to inform Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) planning and response and interpret past epidemic trends. Using data from a prospective observational cohort study of healthy adult volunteers undergoing weekly occupational health PCR screening, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to reconstruct individual-level viral kinetics and estimate how different factors shaped viral dynamics, measured by PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values over time. Jointly accounting for both interindividual variation in Ct values and complex host characteristics—such as vaccination status, exposure history, and age—we found that age and number of prior exposures had a strong influence on peak viral replication. Older individuals and those who had at least 5 prior antigen exposures to vaccination and/or infection typically had much lower levels of shedding. Moreover, we found evidence of a correlation between the speed of early shedding and duration of incubation period when comparing different VOCs and age groups. Our findings illustrate the value of linking information on participant characteristics, symptom profile and infecting variant with prospective PCR sampling, and the importance of accounting for increasingly complex population exposure landscapes when analysing the viral kinetics of VOCs. Trial Registration: The Legacy study is a prospective observational cohort study of healthy adult volunteers undergoing weekly oc

Published
2024

7. A COVID-19 vaccine candidate using SpyCatcher multimerization of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain induces potent neutralising antibody responses

Author

Tan, Tiong Kit, Rijal, Pramila, Rahikainen, Rolle, Keeble, Anthony H., Schimanski, Lisa, Hussain, Saira, Harvey, Ruth, Hayes, Jack W. P., Edwards, Jane C., McLean, Rebecca K., Martini, Veronica, Pedrera, Miriam, Thakur, Nazia, Conceicao, Carina, Dietrich, Isabelle, Shelton, Holly, Ludi, Anna, Wilsden, Ginette, Browning, Clare, Zagrajek, Adrian K., Bialy, Dagmara, Bhat, Sushant, Stevenson-Leggett, Phoebe, Hollinghurst, Philippa, Tully, Matthew, Moffat, Katy, Chiu, Chris, Waters, Ryan, Gray, Ashley, Azhar, Mehreen, Mioulet, Valerie, Newman, Joseph, Asfor, Amin S., Burman, Alison, Crossley, Sylvia, Hammond, John A., Tchilian, Elma, Charleston, Bryan, Bailey, Dalan, Tuthill, Tobias J., Graham, Simon P., Duyvesteyn, Helen M. E., Malinauskas, Tomas, Huo, Jiandong, Tree, Julia A., Buttigieg, Karen R., Owens, Raymond J., Carroll, Miles W., Daniels, Rodney S., McCauley, John W., Stuart, David I., Huang, Kuan-Ying A., Howarth, Mark, and Townsend, Alain R.

Published
2021
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8. Combined analyses of within-host SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics and information on past exposures to the virus in a human cohort identifies intrinsic differences of Omicron and Delta variants

Author

Russell, Timothy W., primary, Townsley, Hermaleigh, additional, Abbott, Sam, additional, Hellewell, Joel, additional, Carr, Edward J., additional, Chapman, Lloyd A. C., additional, Pung, Rachael, additional, Quilty, Billy J., additional, Hodgson, David, additional, Fowler, Ashley S., additional, Adams, Lorin, additional, Bailey, Chris, additional, Mears, Harriet V., additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Clayton, Bobbi, additional, O’Reilly, Nicola, additional, Ngai, Yenting, additional, Nicod, Jerome, additional, Gamblin, Steve, additional, Williams, Bryan, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Bauer, David L. V., additional, Wall, Emma C., additional, and Kucharski, Adam J., additional

Published
2024
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9. 34 COVID-19 caused by either Omicron sub-variants or Delta in non-hospitalised adults associates with similar illness duration, symptom severity and viral kinetics, irrespective of vaccination history

Author

Townsley, Hermaleigh, primary, Gahir, Joshua, additional, Russell, Timothy W., additional, Carr, Edward J., additional, Dyke, Matala, additional, Adams, Lorin, additional, Miah, Murad, additional, Clayton, Bobbi, additional, Smith, Callie, additional, Miranda, Mauro, additional, Mears, Harriet V., additional, Bailey, Chris, additional, Black, James R.M., additional, Fowler, Ashley S., additional, Crawford, Margaret, additional, Wilkinson, Katalin, additional, Hutchinson, Matthew, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, O'Reilly, Nicola, additional, Kelly, Gavin, additional, Goldstone, Robert, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Papineni, Padmasayee, additional, Corrah, Tumenah, additional, Gilson, Richard, additional, Caidan, Simon, additional, Nicod, Jerome, additional, Gamblin, Steve, additional, Kassiotis, George, additional, Libri, Vincenzo, additional, Williams, Bryan, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Kucharski, Adam J., additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Bauer, David L.V., additional, and Wall, Emma C., additional

Published
2023
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10. 33 Fourth dose bivalent mRNA vaccines containing BA.1 significantly augment neutralising antibody titres against SARS-COV-2 Omicron sub-lineages XBB and BQ.1.1 in healthy adults

Author

Wu, Mary, primary, Carr, Edward, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Gahir, Joshua, additional, Townsley, Hermaleigh, additional, Dowgier, Guilia, additional, Hobbs, Agnieska, additional, Herman, Lou, additional, Ragno, Martina, additional, Miah, Murad, additional, Bawumia, Philip, additional, Smith, Callie, additional, Miranda, Mauro, additional, Mears, Harriet, additional, Adams, Lorin, additional, Haptioglu, Emine, additional, O'Reilly, Nicola, additional, Warchal, Scott, additional, Sawyer, Chelsea, additional, Ambrose, Karen, additional, Kelly, Gavin, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Papineni, Padmasayee, additional, Corrah, Tumena, additional, Gilson, Richard, additional, Gamblin, Steve, additional, Kassiotis, George, additional, Libri, Vincenzo, additional, Williams, Bryan, additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Bauer, David, additional, and Wall, Emma, additional

Published
2023
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11. Comparison of Serologic Assays for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus

Author

Harvey, Ruth, Mattiuzzo, Giada, Hassall, Mark, Sieberg, Andrea, Muller, Marcel A., Drosten, Christian, Rigsby, Peter, and Oxenford, Christopher J.

Subjects
Algorithms -- Comparative analysis -- Health aspects, Middle East respiratory syndrome -- Comparative analysis -- Health aspects, Beef cattle, Algorithm, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

Since the emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 (1), more than 2,250 laboratory-confirmed cases have been reported to the World Health Organization (WHO); approximately one third [...]

Published
2019
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14. COVID-19 in non-hospitalised adults caused by either SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5 or Delta associates with similar illness duration, symptom severity and viral kinetics, irrespective of vaccination history.

Author

Townsley, Hermaleigh, Gahir, Joshua, Russell, Timothy W., Greenwood, David, Carr, Edward J., Dyke, Matala, Adams, Lorin, Miah, Murad, Clayton, Bobbi, Smith, Callie, Miranda, Mauro, Mears, Harriet V., Bailey, Chris, Black, James R. M., Fowler, Ashley S., Crawford, Margaret, Wilkinson, Katalin, Hutchinson, Matthew, Harvey, Ruth, and O'Reilly, Nicola

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, VACCINATION status, SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, COUGH, FEVER, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

Background: SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron rapidly evolved over 2022, causing three waves of infection due to sub-variants BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5. We sought to characterise symptoms and viral loads over the course of COVID-19 infection with these sub-variants in otherwise-healthy, vaccinated, non-hospitalised adults, and compared data to infections with the preceding Delta variant of concern (VOC). Methods: In a prospective, observational cohort study, healthy vaccinated UK adults who reported a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or lateral flow test, self-swabbed on alternate weekdays until day 10. We compared participant-reported symptoms and viral load trajectories between infections caused by VOCs Delta and Omicron (sub-variants BA.1, BA.2 or BA.4/5), and tested for relationships between vaccine dose, symptoms and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) as a proxy for viral load using Chi-squared (χ2) and Wilcoxon tests. Results: 563 infection episodes were reported among 491 participants. Across infection episodes, there was little variation in symptom burden (4 [IQR 3–5] symptoms) and duration (8 [IQR 6–11] days). Whilst symptom profiles differed among infections caused by Delta compared to Omicron sub-variants, symptom profiles were similar between Omicron sub-variants. Anosmia was reported more frequently in Delta infections after 2 doses compared with Omicron sub-variant infections after 3 doses, for example: 42% (25/60) of participants with Delta infection compared to 9% (6/67) with Omicron BA.4/5 (χ2 P < 0.001; OR 7.3 [95% CI 2.7–19.4]). Fever was less common with Delta (20/60 participants; 33%) than Omicron BA.4/5 (39/67; 58%; χ2 P = 0.008; OR 0.4 [CI 0.2–0.7]). Amongst infections with an Omicron sub-variants, symptoms of coryza, fatigue, cough and myalgia predominated. Viral load trajectories and peaks did not differ between Delta, and Omicron, irrespective of symptom severity (including asymptomatic participants), VOC or vaccination status. PCR Ct values were negatively associated with time since vaccination in participants infected with BA.1 (β = -0.05 (CI -0.10–0.01); P = 0.031); however, this trend was not observed in BA.2 or BA.4/5 infections. Conclusion: Our study emphasises both the changing symptom profile of COVID-19 infections in the Omicron era, and ongoing transmission risk of Omicron sub-variants in vaccinated adults. Trial registration: NCT04750356. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Sotrovimab restores neutralization against current Omicron subvariants in patients with blood cancer

Author

Wu, Mary Y., primary, Shepherd, Scott T.C., additional, Fendler, Annika, additional, Carr, Edward J., additional, Au, Lewis, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Dowgier, Giulia, additional, Hobbs, Agnieszka, additional, Herman, Lou S., additional, Ragno, Martina, additional, Adams, Lorin, additional, Schmitt, Andreas M., additional, Tippu, Zayd, additional, Shum, Benjamin, additional, Farag, Sheima, additional, Rogiers, Aljosja, additional, O’Reilly, Nicola, additional, Bawumia, Philip, additional, Smith, Callie, additional, Carlyle, Eleanor, additional, Edmonds, Kim, additional, Del Rosario, Lyra, additional, Lingard, Karla, additional, Mangwende, Mary, additional, Holt, Lucy, additional, Ahmod, Hamid, additional, Korteweg, Justine, additional, Foley, Tara, additional, Barber, Taja, additional, Hepworth, Stephanie, additional, Emslie-Henry, Andrea, additional, Caulfield-Lynch, Niamh, additional, Byrne, Fiona, additional, Deng, Daqi, additional, Williams, Bryan, additional, Brown, Michael, additional, Caidan, Simon, additional, Gavrielides, Mike, additional, MacRae, James I., additional, Kelly, Gavin, additional, Peat, Kema, additional, Kelly, Denise, additional, Murra, Aida, additional, Kelly, Kayleigh, additional, O’Flaherty, Molly, additional, Popat, Sanjay, additional, Yousaf, Nadia, additional, Jhanji, Shaman, additional, Tatham, Kate, additional, Cunningham, David, additional, Van As, Nicholas, additional, Young, Kate, additional, Furness, Andrew J.S., additional, Pickering, Lisa, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Gamblin, Steve, additional, Bauer, David L.V., additional, Kassiotis, George, additional, Howell, Michael, additional, Walker, Susanna, additional, Nicholson, Emma, additional, Larkin, James, additional, Wall, Emma C., additional, and Turajlic, Samra, additional

Published
2023
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16. A case of swine influenza A(H1N2)v in England, November 2023.

Author

Cogdale, Jade, Kele, Beatrix, Myers, Richard, Harvey, Ruth, Lofts, Abi, Mikaiel, Tanya, Hoschler, Katja, Banyard, Ashley C., James, Joe, Mollett, Benjamin C., Byrne, Alexander M. P., Lopez-Bernal, Jamie, Watson, Conall H., Chand, Meera, Welfare, William, Williamson, Deborah A., Oliver, Isabel, Padfield, Simon, Lee, Andrew, and Calvert, Suzanne

Published
2024
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17. Antibody correlates of protection from SARS-CoV-2 reinfection prior to vaccination: A nested case-control within the SIREN study

Author

Atti, Ana, Insalata, Ferdinando, Carr, Edward J, Otter, Ashley D, Castillo-Olivares, Javier, Wu, Mary, Harvey, Ruth, Howell, Michael, Chan, Andrew, Lyall, Jonathan, Temperton, Nigel, Cantoni, Diego, Da Costa, Kelly, Nadesalingam, Angalee, Taylor-Kerr, Andrew, Hettiarachchi, Nipunadi, Tranquillini, Caio, Hewson, Jacqueline, Cole, Michelle J, Foulkes, Sarah, Munro, Katie, Monk, Edward JM, Milligan, Iain D, Linley, Ezra, Chand, Meera A, Brown, Colin S, Islam, Jasmin, Semper, Amanda, Charlett, Andre, Heeney, Jonathan L, Beale, Rupert, Zambon, Maria, Hopkins, Susan, Brooks, Tim, Hall, Victoria, SIREN Study Group And The Crick COVID Immunity Pipeline Consortium, Otter, Ashley D [0000-0002-8317-9194], Howell, Michael [0000-0003-0912-0079], Temperton, Nigel [0000-0002-7978-3815], Monk, Edward J M [0000-0001-9546-9650], Heeney, Jonathan L [0000-0003-2702-1621], Beale, Rupert [0000-0002-6705-8560], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and University of St Andrews. School of Medicine

Subjects
QR355, Microbiology (medical), MCC, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, Immunity, COVID-19, 3rd-DAS, Neutralising antibodies, Antibodies, Viral, SARS-CoV-2 serology, Infectious Diseases, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Reinfection, Case-Control Studies, QR180, Humans, QR180 Immunology
Abstract

Funder: Medical Research Council, Funder: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Funder: Wellcome Trust, Funder: UK Health Security Agency, Funder: Cancer Research UK, OBJECTIVES: To investigate serological differences between SARS-CoV-2 reinfection cases and contemporary controls, to identify antibody correlates of protection against reinfection. METHODS: We performed a case-control study, comparing reinfection cases with singly infected individuals pre-vaccination, matched by gender, age, region and timing of first infection. Serum samples were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S), anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N), live virus microneutralisation (LV-N) and pseudovirus microneutralisation (PV-N). Results were analysed using fixed effect linear regression and fitted into conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: We identified 23 cases and 92 controls. First infections occurred before November 2020; reinfections occurred before February 2021, pre-vaccination. Anti-S levels, LV-N and PV-N titres were significantly lower among cases; no difference was found for anti-N levels. Increasing anti-S levels were associated with reduced risk of reinfection (OR 0·63, CI 0·47-0·85), but no association for anti-N levels (OR 0·88, CI 0·73-1·05). Titres >40 were correlated with protection against reinfection for LV-N Wuhan (OR 0·02, CI 0·001-0·31) and LV-N Alpha (OR 0·07, CI 0·009-0·62). For PV-N, titres >100 were associated with protection against Wuhan (OR 0·14, CI 0·03-0·64) and Alpha (0·06, CI 0·008-0·40). CONCLUSIONS: Before vaccination, protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was directly correlated with anti-S levels, PV-N and LV-N titres, but not with anti-N levels. Detectable LV-N titres were sufficient for protection, whilst PV-N titres >100 were required for a protective effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN11041050.

Published
2022

18. Functional immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern after fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose or infection in patients with blood cancer

Author

Fendler, Annika, primary, Shepherd, Scott T.C., additional, Au, Lewis, additional, Wu, Mary, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Wilkinson, Katalin A., additional, Schmitt, Andreas M., additional, Tippu, Zayd, additional, Shum, Benjamin, additional, Farag, Sheima, additional, Rogiers, Aljosja, additional, Carlyle, Eleanor, additional, Edmonds, Kim, additional, Del Rosario, Lyra, additional, Lingard, Karla, additional, Mangwende, Mary, additional, Holt, Lucy, additional, Ahmod, Hamid, additional, Korteweg, Justine, additional, Foley, Tara, additional, Barber, Taja, additional, Emslie-Henry, Andrea, additional, Caulfield-Lynch, Niamh, additional, Byrne, Fiona, additional, Deng, Daqi, additional, Kjaer, Svend, additional, Song, Ok-Ryul, additional, Queval, Christophe J., additional, Kavanagh, Caitlin, additional, Wall, Emma C., additional, Carr, Edward J., additional, Caidan, Simon, additional, Gavrielides, Mike, additional, MacRae, James I., additional, Kelly, Gavin, additional, Peat, Kema, additional, Kelly, Denise, additional, Murra, Aida, additional, Kelly, Kayleigh, additional, O’Flaherty, Molly, additional, Shea, Robyn L., additional, Gardner, Gail, additional, Murray, Darren, additional, Popat, Sanjay, additional, Yousaf, Nadia, additional, Jhanji, Shaman, additional, Tatham, Kate, additional, Cunningham, David, additional, Van As, Nicholas, additional, Young, Kate, additional, Furness, Andrew J.S., additional, Pickering, Lisa, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Gamblin, Steve, additional, Bauer, David L.V., additional, Kassiotis, George, additional, Howell, Michael, additional, Nicholson, Emma, additional, Walker, Susanna, additional, Wilkinson, Robert J., additional, Larkin, James, additional, and Turajlic, Samra, additional

Published
2022
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21. Immune responses following third COVID-19 vaccination are reduced in patients with hematological malignancies compared to patients with solid cancer

Author

Fendler, Annika, Shepherd, Scott T.C., Au, Lewis, Wilkinson, Katalin A., Wu, Mary, Schmitt, Andreas M., Tippu, Zayd, Farag, Sheima, Rogiers, Aljosja, Harvey, Ruth, Carlyle, Eleanor, Edmonds, Kim, Del Rosario, Lyra, Lingard, Karla, Mangwende, Mary, Holt, Lucy, Ahmod, Hamid, Korteweg, Justine, Foley, Tara, Barber, Taja, Emslie-Henry, Andrea, Caulfield-Lynch, Niamh, Byrne, Fiona, Shum, Benjamin, Gerard, Camille L., Deng, Daqi, Kjaer, Svend, Song, Ok-Ryul, Queval, Christophe, Kavanagh, Caitlin, Wall, Emma C., Carr, Edward J., Namjou, Sina, Caidan, Simon, Gavrielides, Mike, MacRae, James I., Kelly, Gavin, Peat, Kema, Kelly, Denise, Murra, Aida, Kelly, Kayleigh, O’Flaherty, Molly, Shea, Robyn L., Gardner, Gail, Murray, Darren, Popat, Sanjay, Yousaf, Nadia, Jhanji, Shaman, Van As, Nicholas, Young, Kate, Furness, Andrew J.S., Pickering, Lisa, Beale, Rupert, Swanton, Charles, Gandhi, Sonia, Gamblin, Steve, Bauer, David L.V., Kassiotis, George, Howell, Michael, Nicholson, Emma, Walker, Susanna, Wilkinson, Robert J., Larkin, James, and Turajlic, Samra

Published
2022
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22. Detection and quantification of antibody to SARS CoV 2 receptor binding domain provides enhanced sensitivity, specificity and utility

Author

Rosadas, Carolina, Khan, Maryam, Parker, Eleanor, Marchesin, Federica, Katsanovskaja, Ksenia, Sureda-Vives, Maci��, Fernandez, Natalia, Randell, Paul, Harvey, Ruth, Lilley, Alice, Harris, Benjamin HL, Zuhair, Mohamed, Fertleman, Michael, Ijaz, Samreen, Dicks, Steve, Short, Charlotte-Eve, Quinlan, Rachael, Taylor, Graham P, Hu, Kai, McKay, Paul, Rosa, Annachiara, Roustan, Chloe, Zuckerman, Mark, Bouzidi, Kate El, Cooke, Graham, Flower, Barnaby, Moshe, Maya, Elliott, Paul, Spencer, Alexandra J, Lambe, Teresa, Gilbert, Sarah C, Kingston, Hugh, Baillie, J Kenneth, Openshaw, Peter JM, Semple, Malcolm G, Cherepanov, Peter, McClure, Myra O, Tedder, Richard S, Investigators, ISARIC4C, National Institute for Health Research, UK Research and Innovation, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Wellcome Trust, and UKRI MRC COVID-19 Rapid Response Call

Subjects
Sars-CoV-2, Keywords: Sars-CoV-2, Infectious Disease, Receptor Binding Domain, Antibodies, Viral, Biochemistry & Proteomics, Antibodies, Ecology,Evolution & Ethology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, 1108 Medical Microbiology, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Virology, Animals, Humans, antibodies, ISARIC4C Investigators, Chemical Biology & High Throughput, Genome Integrity & Repair, Ferrets, COVID-19, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, RNA, Viral, Cell Cycle & Chromosomes, ELISA, Protocols, 0605 Microbiology, Receptor binding domain, Structural Biology & Biophysics
Abstract

Accurate and sensitive detection of antibody to SARS-CoV-2 remains an essential component of the pandemic response. Measuring antibody that predicts neutralising activity and the vaccine response is an absolute requirement for laboratory-based confirmatory and reference activity.\ud \ud The viral receptor binding domain (RBD) constitutes the prime target antigen for neutralising antibody. A double antigen binding assay (DABA), providing the most sensitive format has been exploited in a novel hybrid manner employing a solid-phase S1 preferentially presenting RBD, coupled with a labelled RBD conjugate, used in a two-step sequential assay for detection and measurement of antibody to RBD (anti-RBD).\ud \ud This class and species neutral assay showed a specificity of 100 % on 825 pre COVID-19 samples and a potential sensitivity of 99.6 % on 276 recovery samples, predicting quantitatively the presence of neutralising antibody determined by pseudo-type neutralization and by plaque reduction. Anti-RBD is also measurable in ferrets immunised with ChadOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine and in humans immunised with both AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccines. This assay detects anti-RBD at presentation with illness, demonstrates its elevation with disease severity, its sequel to asymptomatic infection and its persistence after the loss of antibody to the nucleoprotein (anti-NP). It also provides serological confirmation of prior infection and offers a secure measure for seroprevalence and studies of vaccine immunisation in human and animal populations.\ud \ud The hybrid DABA also displays the attributes necessary for the detection and quantification of anti-RBD to be used in clinical practice. An absence of detectable anti-RBD by this assay predicates the need for passive immune prophylaxis in at-risk patients.

Published
2022
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23. Correction: Breadth and function of antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans

Author

Huang, Kuan-Ying A., primary, Tan, Tiong Kit, additional, Chen, Ting-Hua, additional, Huang, Chung-Guei, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Hussain, Saira, additional, Chen, Cheng-Pin, additional, Harding, Adam, additional, Gilbert-Jaramillo, Javier, additional, Liu, Xu, additional, Knight, Michael, additional, Schimanski, Lisa, additional, Shih, Shin-Ru, additional, Lin, Yi-Chun, additional, Cheng, Chien-Yu, additional, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, additional, Huang, Yhu-Chering, additional, Lin, Tzou-Yien, additional, Jan, Jia-Tsrong, additional, Ma, Che, additional, James, William, additional, Daniels, Rodney S., additional, McCauley, John W., additional, Rijal, Pramila, additional, and Townsend, Alain R., additional

Published
2021
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29. Short Notices

Author

Cawley, A. C., Allum, J., Sisson, C. J., Duncan-Jones, E. E., Rees, Joan, Orr, John, Marks, J., Butler, Philip F., Lough, J., Patterson, Helen Temple, Roe, F. C., Entwistle, William J., Atkinson, William C., Harvey, Ruth, Clark, James M., Spencer, Terence, and Lang, D. M.

Published
1952

31. Sars-Cov-2 Antibody and T-Cell Responses in Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Aplastic Anemia after Four COVID-19 Vaccinations

Author

Pike, Alexandra, Fox, Natalie, McKinley, Claire E, Arnold, Louise M, Harland, Mark, Clarke, Deborah, Forrest, Briony, Houghton, Nicola, Youngs, Nora, Charlton, Emily, Zhakata, Tapiwa, Barnfield, Catherine, Harvey, Ruth, Wu, Mary, Kavanagh, Caitlin, Richards, Stephen John, Payne, Daniel, Varghese, Abraham Mullasseril, Nagumantry, Sateesh, Munir, Talha, Muus, Petra, Griffin, Morag, Newton, Darren, Hillmen, Peter, and Kelly, Richard J

Published
2023
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32. LITERATURE

Author

Harvey, Ruth E.

Published
1996

34. Reduced antibody cross-reactivity following infection with B.1.1.7 than with parental SARS-CoV-2 strains

Author

Faulkner, Nikhil, primary, Ng, Kevin W, additional, Wu, Mary Y, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Margaritis, Marios, additional, Paraskevopoulou, Stavroula, additional, Houlihan, Catherine, additional, Hussain, Saira, additional, Greco, Maria, additional, Bolland, William, additional, Warchal, Scott, additional, Heaney, Judith, additional, Rickman, Hannah, additional, Spyer, Moria, additional, Frampton, Daniel, additional, Byott, Matthew, additional, de Oliveira, Tulio, additional, Sigal, Alex, additional, Kjaer, Svend, additional, Swanton, Charles, additional, Gandhi, Sonia, additional, Beale, Rupert, additional, Gamblin, Steve J, additional, McCauley, John W, additional, Daniels, Rodney Stuart, additional, Howell, Michael, additional, Bauer, David, additional, Nastouli, Eleni, additional, and Kassiotis, George, additional

Published
2021
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35. Breadth and function of antibody response to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans

Author

Huang, Kuan-Ying A., primary, Tan, Tiong Kit, additional, Chen, Ting-Hua, additional, Huang, Chung-Guei, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Hussain, Saira, additional, Chen, Cheng-Pin, additional, Harding, Adam, additional, Gilbert-Jaramillo, Javier, additional, Liu, Xu, additional, Knight, Michael, additional, Schimanski, Lisa, additional, Shih, Shin-Ru, additional, Lin, Yi-Chun, additional, Cheng, Chien-Yu, additional, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, additional, Huang, Yhu-Chering, additional, Lin, Tzou-Yien, additional, Jan, Jia-Tsrong, additional, Ma, Che, additional, James, William, additional, Daniels, Rodney S., additional, McCauley, John W., additional, Rijal, Pramila, additional, and Townsend, Alain R., additional

Published
2021
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37. Aspects of the poetic treatment of love and female figures in the works of the troubadour Marcabru

Author

Harvey, Ruth Elizabeth

Subjects
849, Medieval Literature
Abstract

Since the poems of Marcabru contain criticisms of twelfth-century aristocratic society, an attempt has been made initially to determine, as far as this is possible, his place in and relationship to that society. Marcabru's representation of female figures is considered in the light of the contrast he establishes between true and false love, itself an aspect of an ideological and poetic conflict with contemporary troubadours concerning the nature of love and its expression in lyric poetry. This theme of the dichotomy of love pervades Marcabru's works. The means by which it finds expression are explored through consideration of the vocabulary, images and sources on which the troubadour draws in order to convey approbation of finamors and condemnation of false love. Several of the studies focus on individual poems (PC 293, 31; 44; 25; 26; 15), of particular interest for the striking and detailed depictions of love and women which they contain: in analysing these songs in detail, reference is made to other songs where these elucidate particular ideas or images, and consideration is given to elements deriving from learned Christian orthodoxy and especially its misogynist tradition. Examination of apparently unorthodox uses of courtly terminology and lyric commonplaces suggests that these also are employed by Marcabru to convey his consistently radical view. Dejeanne's edition of Marcabru's works has been taken as a basis for this investigation, and attention is also paid to proposed corrections to this edition, recent partial re-editions and to the manuscript readings. In all cases account has been taken of previous interpretations and of the development of critical opinion concerning Marcabru's works. These studies are intended to complement existing work by attempting to elucidate the conception of love of this complex and influential troubadour through an investigation of his treatment of a number of representative female figures.

Published
1986

39. The role of the plasma in the chemistry of low pressure plasma etchers

Author

Payne Harvey, Ruth E., Hitchon, W. Nicholas G., and Parker, Gregory J.

Subjects
Plasma chemistry -- Research, Plasma etching -- Research, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A new procedure for the calculation of neutral transport at long mean free paths is applied to describing plasma chemistry in a low neutral pressure high plasma density plasma reactor. The method is based on a novel 'propagator' technique. The calculation of propagators to allow for various effects such as variable mean free path and anisotropic scattering is demonstrated. The role of the plasma in determining the neutral species behavior is investigated in some detail. The transport to the walls and the recycling of ions and hot neutrals are examined and shown to strongly affect the chemistry. The effects of truncating the hot tail of the electron distribution function and altering the spatial distribution of hot electrons are also calculated, and are shown for the most part to be relatively small provided the power deposition is held constant. The values of sticking coefficients for neutral radicals are shown to have a significant effect. The model results match experimental trends for [CF.sub.4] and [CF.sub.3] densities as functions of power, pressure and inlet flow rate variation.

Published
1995

41. Impact of Evidence‐Based Stroke Care on Patient Outcomes: A Multilevel Analysis of an International Study

Author

Muñoz Venturelli, Paula, primary, Li, Xian, additional, Middleton, Sandy, additional, Watkins, Caroline, additional, Lavados, Pablo M., additional, Olavarría, Verónica V., additional, Brunser, Alejandro, additional, Pontes‐Neto, Octavio, additional, Santos, Taiza E. G., additional, Arima, Hisatomi, additional, Billot, Laurent, additional, Hackett, Maree L., additional, Song, Lily, additional, Robinson, Thompson, additional, Anderson, Craig S., additional, Mead, Gillian, additional, De Silva, H. Asita, additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj D., additional, Lin, Ruey‐Tay, additional, Lee, Tsong‐Hai, additional, Cui, Liying, additional, Peng, Bin, additional, Heritier, Stephane, additional, Lindley, Richard, additional, Jan, Stephen, additional, Boaden, Elizabeth, additional, Chen, Christopher P. L. H., additional, Forster, Anne, additional, Woodward, Mark, additional, Rogers, Kris, additional, Scaria, Anish, additional, Lim, Joyce Y., additional, Espinosa, Natalie, additional, McEvoy, Lucy, additional, Blackburn, Lee, additional, Richtering, Sarah S., additional, You, Shoujiang, additional, Ladwig, Simon, additional, Merritt, Gabrielle P., additional, Thomsen, Bryce, additional, Jenson, Kerry, additional, Gordon, Penelope, additional, Nguyen, Dennis Ryan, additional, Quan, Wei Wei, additional, Lo, Tessa Pei‐Yi, additional, Lim, Jonathan, additional, Goh, Selena, additional, Liu, Leibo, additional, Baig, Mirza Ahmad, additional, Singh, Ravider, additional, Donnelly, Paul, additional, Armenis, Manuela, additional, Zyl, Marna Van, additional, Monaghan, Helen, additional, Smith, Phillipa, additional, Glass, Parisa, additional, Zhou, Fanli, additional, Shen, Yun, additional, Lei, Li, additional, Li, Di, additional, Zhang, Ting, additional, Zhang, Xiaoyan, additional, Peng, Yun, additional, Feng, Lingling, additional, Ye, Zhiping, additional, Gregory, Philip, additional, Pandain, Jeyaraj D., additional, Arora, Deepti, additional, Gonzalez, Francisca, additional, Portales, Bernardita, additional, Santos‐Pontelli, Taiza, additional, Rimoli, Brunna, additional, Braga, Monica, additional, Vidal, Carolina, additional, Benadof, Dafna, additional, Rivas, Rodrigo J., additional, Carvallo, Laura, additional, Carvallo, Pamela, additional, Miranda, Rubia, additional, Pileggi, Brunna, additional, de Silva, H. Asita, additional, Weerawardena, Shalomi, additional, Jeevarajah, Thanushanthan, additional, Dharmawardena, Devaki, additional, Ranasinghe, Dumindi, additional, Dharshana, Matheesha, additional, Nandadeva, Nilesh, additional, Nawarathna, Savithri, additional, Yin, Jiu‐Haw, additional, Yeh, Shoou‐Jeng, additional, Ma, Ruei‐Jen, additional, Watkins, Caroline L., additional, Whiteley, Gemma, additional, Forshaw, Denise, additional, Lightbody, Catherine Elizabeth, additional, Cox, Joanna, additional, Fitzgerald, Jane, additional, Heney, John F., additional, Byfield, Helen, additional, Finley, Simone, additional, Tyrer, Hayley E., additional, Bruce, Carole, additional, Gibbon, Alison, additional, Jones, Brett, additional, Siracusa, Emma, additional, Gowda, Koushik, additional, Cowans, Shahla, additional, Forman, Briana, additional, Jacob, Sherin, additional, Caprecho, Kristine, additional, Khatri, Roshan, additional, Wan, Po Yi, additional, Lopez, Maria, additional, Vanika, Sifiso, additional, Bleeker, Wilhelmina, additional, Ireland, Marinka, additional, Jala, Sheila, additional, Day, Susan, additional, Ha, Eric, additional, Krause, Martin, additional, Passer, Melissa, additional, Giaccari, Sarah, additional, Burkolter, Nadia, additional, Braithwaite, Michael, additional, Tastula, Kylie, additional, Ghia, Darshan, additional, Musuka, Tapuwa, additional, Alvaro, Anthony, additional, Edmonds, Gillian, additional, O'Loughin, Nicole, additional, Phair, Rebecca, additional, Kaoutal, Joanne, additional, Blacker, David J., additional, Saint, Belinda L, additional, Parrey, Kim, additional, Coad, Michelle, additional, Kinchington, Matthew, additional, Senanayake, Nishantha, additional, Alaban, Johanna, additional, Kuehne, Irma, additional, Camilo, Millene, additional, Libardi, Milena, additional, Martins, Sheila, additional, Carlos, Batista, additional, Martins, Magda, additional, Carbonera, Leonardo, additional, Almeida, Andrea, additional, Kelin, Martin, additional, Pauli, Carla, additional, Lunardi, Mariana, additional, Silveira, Luciane, additional, Chagas, Olga, additional, Souza, Daily, additional, Braga, Gabriel, additional, Ribeiro, Priscila, additional, Luvizutto, Gustavo, additional, Polin, Marcia, additional, Winckler, Fernanda, additional, Liu, Jinfeng, additional, Wang, Zhenjiang, additional, Wang, Huibing, additional, Lin, Suying, additional, Dong, Jing, additional, Zhou, Junshan, additional, Qin, Suping, additional, Zhan, Hui, additional, Xue, Yongquan, additional, Tian, Dong, additional, Yang, Dan, additional, Yin, Yan, additional, Li, He, additional, Geng, Changming, additional, Liu, Jieyi, additional, Jiang, Xiaolin, additional, Wu, Yujun, additional, Sun, Wei, additional, Yu, Bingqi, additional, Guan, Yanmei, additional, Wang, Qin, additional, Wei, Bo, additional, Wang, Huirong, additional, Wang, Yan, additional, Tai, Liwen, additional, Zhang, Wenchao, additional, Zhao, Weili, additional, Wang, Xueying, additional, Li, Guoli, additional, Ni, Zhiming, additional, Guo, Fudong, additional, Cen, Lan, additional, Lu, Jun, additional, Chen, Zheng, additional, Yin, Guoming, additional, Wang, Yingchun, additional, Zheng, Jiping, additional, Zhou, Zhimin, additional, Wang, Hongquan, additional, Zou, Renlin, additional, Xue, Bin, additional, Li, Airu, additional, Guo, Jing, additional, Guo, Ying, additional, Jiang, Xingguo, additional, Tan, Xiuge, additional, Zhang, Chunpeng, additional, Shao, Bei, additional, Niu, Xiaoting, additional, Liu, Chunfeng, additional, Chen, Dongqin, additional, Liang, Ping, additional, Zhang, Xia, additional, Zhang, Chunqing, additional, Gong, Wenjie, additional, Huang, Zhichao, additional, Liu, Huihui, additional, Huang, Junying, additional, Shi, Rongfang, additional, Wang, Cuilan, additional, Liu, Ying, additional, Wang, Jinchao, additional, Wu, Guojun, additional, Gao, Zhihong, additional, Lin, Qunli, additional, Xu, Cong, additional, Zheng, Huile, additional, Ye, Xinghai, additional, Jin, Xiaoqiong, additional, Liu, Junyan, additional, Cao, Xiaoyun, additional, Zhang, Yan, additional, Wang, Jinyang, additional, Xu, Yuzhu, additional, Li, Yan, additional, Ma, Xin, additional, Kong, Qi, additional, Hao, Yanlei, additional, Qiao, Baojun, additional, Yan, Hui, additional, Huang, Zhiyong, additional, Chang, Baoqiang, additional, Yan, Jinjin, additional, Liao, Pinjun, additional, Zhang, Wei, additional, Liu, Ling, additional, Zhu, Tingting, additional, Liu, Xuehui, additional, Li, Yongping, additional, Dong, Ruifang, additional, Chen, Miao, additional, Ge, Xiaoli, additional, Wang, Hairong, additional, Dai, Lihua, additional, Liu, Jiafu, additional, Wang, Shixia, additional, Du, Jihui, additional, Song, Aixiu, additional, Li, Yunhai, additional, Feng, Jie, additional, Yu, Cheng, additional, Feng, Honglin, additional, Sun, Xiaojia, additional, Sun, Ruihong, additional, Liu, Weisong, additional, Liu, Jianfeng, additional, Lu, Xuesheng, additional, Chen, Enzhuo, additional, Gao, Wei, additional, Liu, Hui, additional, Wang, Heping, additional, Wang, Yanxia, additional, Song, Juan, additional, Liu, Dongqi, additional, Du, Wenhui, additional, Li, Guixia, additional, Li, Cuiling, additional, Liang, Yanling, additional, Cai, Xuekun, additional, Zhang, Jinli, additional, Tao, Xiaowei, additional, An, Pingshun, additional, Tang, Ranran, additional, Qin, Xu, additional, Wang, Yingling, additional, Zhang, Wenjun, additional, Ma, Rong, additional, Huang, Xiaoqiong, additional, Liu, Yonglin, additional, Wang, Yazhi, additional, Fan, Ping, additional, Yang, Hailan, additional, Feng, Lianyuan, additional, Zhi, Jianxia, additional, Zhang, Jiewen, additional, Zhou, Yao, additional, Wu, Danhong, additional, He, Haiyan, additional, Chen, Xiaohong, additional, Hou, Yongge, additional, Su, Xiaohui, additional, Fan, Siyuan, additional, Suárez, Luis, additional, de Dios Polanco, Juan, additional, Sotomayor, Patricio, additional, Urzúa, Ricardo, additional, Urrutia, Daniela, additional, Conejan, Nathalie, additional, Escobar, Arturo, additional, Gonzalez, Monica, additional, Vargas, Danisa, additional, Constante, Angel, additional, Vásquez, Erika, additional, Godoy, Elizabeth, additional, Figueroa, Christian, additional, Martin, Vanesa San, additional, Vidal, Nataly, additional, Muñoz, Madeleyn, additional, Spencer, María, additional, Almeida, Juan, additional, Acosta, Ignacio, additional, Guerrero, Rodrigo, additional, Lozano, Prudencio, additional, Aguayo, Camila, additional, Pizarro, Jimena, additional, Soto, Alvaro, additional, Bonilla, Flor, additional, García, Pía, additional, Castillo, Carolina Del, additional, Grandjean, Marcela, additional, Von Johnn, Alexis, additional, Gutierrez, Ignacio, additional, Rivero, Francisca, additional, López, Ignacio, additional, Silva, Federico, additional, Pachón, Marlen, additional, Mendoza, José, additional, Pabón, Alexander, additional, Kate, Mahesh, additional, Akhtar, Naushad, additional, Narang, Gibbsdeep S., additional, Deepak, Ashish, additional, Huded, Vikram, additional, De Sowza, Romnesh, additional, Sigamani, Alben, additional, Rajendran, Karthikeyan, additional, Vishwanath, Anisha, additional, K, Anusha, additional, Kumaravelu, Somasundaram, additional, Rahamath, Syed, additional, Kannneganti, Sandeep, additional, Khurana, Dheeraj, additional, Katoch, Cheena, additional, Kaur, Taranpreet, additional, Karadan, Ummer, additional, Kuriakose, Anu, additional, John, Jaison, additional, Basheer, Mumthaz, additional, Gunasekara, Harsha Hemal, additional, De Silva, Gamlath Chandima Udeni, additional, Ubeywickrama, Peetagam Harshi Lakmali, additional, Silva, Kavisha Chathumali, additional, De Silva, Eshani Anuradha, additional, Ranawaka, Udaya, additional, Mettananda, Chamila, additional, Nanayakkara, Yamuna, additional, Mendis, Tharini, additional, Fernando, Gayathri, additional, Imthikab, Ahamed, additional, Pieris, Kandula, additional, Gunatilake, Saman B., additional, Madanayake, Pamuditha M. W., additional, Paranavitane, Shiran A., additional, Senanayake, Bimsara, additional, Vishwanathan, Vaidhehi, additional, Sivapalan, Maathury, additional, Murage, Ruwangi U., additional, Chandradeva, Uthpala, additional, Liu, Yao‐Hua, additional, Lin, Chih‐Lung, additional, Lin, Hsiu‐Fen, additional, Liu, Kuan‐Ting, additional, Chen, Chien‐Fu, additional, Wu, Meng‐Ni, additional, Tsai, Su‐Hua, additional, Chen, Chi‐Ching, additional, Chen, Lan‐Yi, additional, Chang, Chien‐Hung, additional, Chang, Yeu‐Jhy, additional, Huang, Kuo‐Lun, additional, Chang, Ting‐Yu, additional, Liu, Chi‐Hung, additional, Seak, Chen‐June, additional, Lin, Yu‐Li, additional, Luo, Jia‐Yi, additional, Yang, Hsiao‐Ying, additional, Wang, Ching‐Yi, additional, Chan, Lung, additional, Hu, Chaur‐Jong, additional, Chi, Nai‐Fang, additional, Wu, Dean, additional, Huang, Yao‐Hsien, additional, Kuan, Yi‐Chun, additional, Hong, Chien‐Tai, additional, Chen, Yi‐Chun, additional, Sun, Yu, additional, Lin, Cheng‐Huai, additional, Lu, Chien‐Jung, additional, Chu, Hai‐Jui, additional, Lo, Yi‐Chia, additional, Chang, Wen‐Hui, additional, Lin, Wan‐Jung, additional, Su, Hui‐Chen, additional, Lin, Tien‐Yu, additional, Cho, Chi‐Hsuan, additional, Lu, Shu‐Lan, additional, Hsueh, Ya‐Fang, additional, Lai, Ching‐Yi, additional, Jarrett, David, additional, James, Claire, additional, Valentine, Stacey, additional, Whistler, Clare, additional, Butler, Rebecca, additional, Browning, Simone, additional, Watchurst, Caroline, additional, Erande, Renuka, additional, Elliott, Emma, additional, Patel, Krishna, additional, Brezitski, Maria, additional, Hogan, Caroline, additional, Banaras, Asra, additional, Crook, Lucinda, additional, Ahmed, Rashidat, additional, Potter, Lindsay, additional, Laird, Rosie, additional, Clarke, Natasha, additional, Loosemore, Alison, additional, Godber, J., additional, Gawned, Sara, additional, Hamilton, K. A., additional, Jones, Rachael, additional, Guyler, Paul, additional, Tysoe, Sharon, additional, Prabakaran, Raji, additional, Shah, Sweni, additional, Calver, Joanne, additional, Sztriha, Laszlo K., additional, Fitzpatrick, Maria, additional, Drysdale, Stephanie, additional, Aeron‐Thomas, John, additional, McKenzie, Emma, additional, Chitando, Belinda, additional, Willcoxson, Paul, additional, Iveson, Elizabeth, additional, Wanklyn, Peter, additional, Dyer, Natasha, additional, Keeling, Michael, additional, Rodriguez, Romina, additional, Elliott, Kerry, additional, Porteous, Mia, additional, O'Neill, Mark, additional, Orme, Sheridan, additional, Richardson, Carla, additional, Tomlinson, Janet, additional, Hawkins, Suzanne, additional, Bester, Delia, additional, Jeffs, Carol, additional, Howard, Joanne, additional, Brown, Pauline, additional, Ward, Deborah, additional, Turfrey, Jennifer, additional, Raybould, Leanne, additional, Bates, Allison, additional, O'Connell, Sue, additional, O'Connor, Margaret, additional, Williams, Samantha, additional, Emsley, Hedley C. A., additional, McLoughlin, Alison, additional, Raj, Sonia, additional, Gregary, Bindu, additional, Doyle, Donna, additional, Courtauld, G. M., additional, Schofield, C., additional, Lucas, L., additional, Lydon, A., additional, James, A., additional, Saastamoinen, Kari, additional, Howaniec, Laura, additional, Daboo, Premchand, additional, Ali, Ali N., additional, Richards, Emma, additional, Howe, Joanne, additional, Kamara, Christine, additional, Stocks, Kathy, additional, Lindert, Ralf, additional, Day, Diana J., additional, Finlay, Sarah, additional, McGee, Joanne, additional, Mitchell, Jennifer, additional, Amis, Elaine, additional, Macey, Rosemary, additional, Tauro, Suzanne, additional, Henry, Lauren, additional, Cuddy, Sarah, additional, Steele, Andrew, additional, Mullen, Kerry, additional, Kirker, Sarah, additional, Bhattad, Murudappa, additional, Carpenter, Michael, additional, Datta, Prabal, additional, Needle, Ann, additional, Jackson, Linda, additional, Ball, Julie, additional, Beckitt, Rosie, additional, Chivers, Nicola, additional, Bowring, Angela, additional, Eddy, Sara, additional, Thorpe, Kevin, additional, Keenan, Samantha, additional, Griffin, Alison, additional, Maguire, Stuart, additional, Patterson, Chris, additional, Ramadan, Hawraman, additional, Bellfield, Ruth, additional, Hooley, Michaela, additional, Stewart, Kelvin, additional, Williams, Lucy, additional, Gurney, Cara, additional, Oliver, Deborah, additional, Gardiner, Maria, additional, Grayland, Sarah, additional, Bhandari, Mohit, additional, Collas, David M., additional, Adesina, Tolu, additional, Sundayi, Saul, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Pope, Emma, additional, Lam, Audrey, additional, Walker, Elaine, additional, Merrill, Colin, additional, Banerjee, Soma, additional, Harvey, Kirsten Hannah, additional, Mashate, Sheila, additional, Wilding, Peter, additional, Johnson, Linda, additional, Namushi, Robert, additional, Jacob, Patricia, additional, Andole, Sreeman, additional, Dunne, Karen, additional, Gadapa, Naveen, additional, King, Sam, additional, Siliuzaite, Sonata, additional, Dealing, Sharon, additional, Attwood, Karen, additional, Woods, Annette, additional, Sandhu, Banher, additional, Mamun, Maam, additional, Mahmood, Afzal, additional, Jones, June, additional, Ojo, Abimbola, additional, Carter‐Evans, Denise, additional, Liverpool, Royal, additional, Manoj, Aravind, additional, Fletcher, Glyn, additional, Lopez, Paula, additional, Greig, Jill, additional, Robinson, Matthew, additional, Jones, Sarah, additional, Jones, Lorinda, additional, West, Claire, additional, Tench, Helen, additional, Gascoyne, Rachel, additional, Whileman, Amanda, additional, Hall, Emily, additional, Wright, Stephanie, additional, Toms, Julie, additional, Phiri, Duke, additional, Sethuraman, Sakthivel, additional, Mohammed, Niaz, additional, Justin, Frances, additional, Tate, Margaret Louise, additional, Chauhan, Meena, additional, Haider, Syed I., additional, Nallasivan, Arumugam, additional, Webster, Tim, additional, Leason, Sandra, additional, Seagrave, Samantha, additional, Hospital, Peterborough City, additional, Owksu‐Agyei, Peter, additional, Temple, Natalie, additional, Butterworth‐Cowin, Nicola, additional, Magezi, Frederick, additional, Infirmary, Leicester Royal, additional, Khan, Shagufta, additional, Stephens, Claire, additional, Mistri, Amit, additional, Murphy, Aidan, additional, Lam, Manda, additional, Underwood, Paul, additional, Thompson, Catherine, additional, Buckley, Clare, additional, Wood, Diane, additional, Board, Sarah, additional, Howard, Linda, additional, Ahmed, Ashraf, additional, Oates, Bethany, additional, Leonard, Sara, additional, Hospital, Royal Bournemouth, additional, Bournemouth, Royal, additional, Thavanesan, Kamy, additional, Dharmasiri, Michelle, additional, Logianathan, Sathyabama, additional, Ovington, Catherine, additional, Hann, Gail, additional, Cox, Chantel, additional, Hospital, Craigavon Area, additional, Health, Southern, additional, Trust, Social Care, additional, Douglas, Catherine, additional, Goggin, Michael, additional, Fearon, Patricia, additional, Gilpin, Sara, additional, O'Hagan, Margaret, additional, Hospital, Pilgrim, additional, Hardwick, Anne, additional, Netherton, Kimberley, additional, Quinn, Judith, additional, Bozkaplan, Tulu, additional, and Jose, Josin, additional

Published
2019
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42. Antigenic Drift of the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Neuraminidase Results in Reduced Effectiveness of A/California/7/2009 (H1N1pdm09)-Specific Antibodies

Author

Gao, Jin, primary, Couzens, Laura, additional, Burke, David F., additional, Wan, Hongquan, additional, Wilson, Patrick, additional, Memoli, Matthew J., additional, Xu, Xiyan, additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Wrammert, Jens, additional, Ahmed, Rafi, additional, Taubenberger, Jeffery K., additional, Smith, Derek J., additional, Fouchier, Ron A. M., additional, and Eichelberger, Maryna C., additional

Published
2019
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44. Cytokine release syndrome in a patient with colorectal cancer after vaccination with BNT162b2

Author

Au, Lewis, Fendler, Annika, Shepherd, Scott T. C., Rzeniewicz, Karolina, Cerrone, Maddalena, Byrne, Fiona, Carlyle, Eleanor, Edmonds, Kim, Del Rosario, Lyra, Shon, John, Haynes, Winston A., Ward, Barry, Shum, Ben, Gordon, William, Gerard, Camille L., Xie, Wenyi, Joharatnam-Hogan, Nalinie, Young, Kate, Pickering, Lisa, Furness, Andrew J. S., Larkin, James, Harvey, Ruth, Kassiotis, George, Gandhi, Sonia, Swanton, Charles, Fribbens, Charlotte, Wilkinson, Katalin A., Wilkinson, Robert J., Lau, David K., Banerjee, Susana, Starling, Naureen, Chau, Ian, and Turajlic, Samra

Abstract

Patients with cancer are currently prioritized in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs globally, which includes administration of mRNA vaccines. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) has not been reported with mRNA vaccines and is an extremely rare immune-related adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors. We present a case of CRS that occurred 5 d after vaccination with BTN162b2 (tozinameran)—the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine—in a patient with colorectal cancer on long-standing anti-PD-1 monotherapy. The CRS was evidenced by raised inflammatory markers, thrombocytopenia, elevated cytokine levels (IFN-γ/IL-2R/IL-18/IL-16/IL-10) and steroid responsiveness. The close temporal association of vaccination and diagnosis of CRS in this case suggests that CRS was a vaccine-related adverse event; with anti-PD1 blockade as a potential contributor. Overall, further prospective pharmacovigillence data are needed in patients with cancer, but the benefit–risk profile remains strongly in favor of COVID-19 vaccination in this population.

Published
2021
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46. LITERATURE

Author

Harvey, Ruth E.

Published
1995

47. LITERATURE

Author

Harvey, Ruth E.

Published
1994

49. Development of Lentivirus-Based Reference Materials for Ebola Virus Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology-Based Assays

Author

Mattiuzzo, Giada, primary, Ashall, James, additional, Doris, Kathryn S., additional, MacLellan-Gibson, Kirsty, additional, Nicolson, Carolyn, additional, Wilkinson, Dianna E., additional, Harvey, Ruth, additional, Almond, Neil, additional, Anderson, Robert, additional, Efstathiou, Stacey, additional, Minor, Philip D., additional, and Page, Mark, additional

Published
2015
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50. Introduction to Old Occitan

Author

Harvey, Ruth

Subjects
Introduction to Old Occitan (Book), Books -- Book reviews, Literature/writing
Abstract

Introduction to Old Occitan. By WILLIAM D. PADEN. New York: Modern Language Association of America. 1998. xxvi + 610 pp., with Audio CD. $35. This hefty and scholarly book is [...]

Published
2000

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