34 results on '"Haros, Claudia Monika"'
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2. Buckwheat hull, a valuable bakery product ingredient: assessment of bioaccessible phenolics and antioxidant capacity
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Bączek, Natalia, Haros, Claudia Monika, and Wronkowska, Małgorzata
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- 2023
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3. Chenopodium quinoa’s Ingredients Improve Control of the Hepatic Lipid Disturbances Derived from a High-Fat Diet
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Garcia Tejedor, Aurora, primary, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Laparra Llopis, José Moisés, additional
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- 2023
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4. Characterization of Quinoa Fibre-Rich Fractions Isolated via Wet-Milling and Their Application in Food †.
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Alonso-Álvarez, Andrea and Haros, Claudia Monika
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QUINOA , *PHYTIC acid , *PARTICLE size distribution , *NUTRITIONAL value , *NON-communicable diseases , *IRON - Abstract
Dietary fibre intake has beneficial effects on immunonutritional health and prevents the development of chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Currently, dietary fibre consumption worldwide is below the WHO recommended daily intake of 25 g. An excellent source of dietary fibre is the fibre-rich fractions of quinoa, which have a high technological potential, nutritional value, and biological activity. This fraction can be isolated via wet-milling, which offers a higher yield and recovery of the main chemical components of cereals/pseudocereals with a higher purity than those obtained via dry-milling. The objective of this work was the isolation of fibre-rich fractions of Royal Bolivian quinoa (white, red, and black) obtained via wet-milling and their characterization as technofunctional ingredients in the formulation of cereal-based food products. The extraction yield of the fibre fraction and its proximal chemical composition were determined, in addition to phytic acid content; minerals such as calcium, iron, and zinc; and technofunctional properties (particle size distribution, water and oil holding capacity, and swelling capacity). All fibre fractions isolated via wet-milling could be used as food ingredients. In particular, the fibre-rich fraction of black quinoa contains the highest amount of insoluble fibre. However, from a technological point of view, red quinoa fibre could be the most suitable for inclusion in the formulation of food matrices due to its high water and oil retention capacity, as well as its swelling capacity. The incorporation of a low proportion of quinoa dietary fibre (5–10%) allows increasing the nutritional profile of cereal-based food products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Obtaining Quinoa Germ via Wet Milling and Extracting Its Oil via Cold Pressing †.
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Ribera-Castelló, Ana and Haros, Claudia Monika
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QUINOA , *CORN oil , *LINOLENIC acids , *CORN industry , *MICROORGANISMS , *PETROLEUM - Abstract
Wet milling is a fractionation process widely used in the corn industry, which allows the separation of its main chemical components (starch, proteins, fiber and lipids) with high efficiency and purity compared to dry milling. The first stage of this process consists of maceration; after softening the grain, the actual milling is carried out, and the germ is separated by flotation because of its high lipid content. The chemical composition of pseudocereals is similar to that of cereals, hence their name, so they could be processed in the same way. In this way, the traditional corn wet milling process was adapted to quinoa. The objective of this work is to isolate the germ of red Bolivian Royal quinoa using wet milling, and evaluate its efficiency and physicochemical characteristics due to its large size and nutrient concentration. By cold pressing the red quinoa germ, crude oil was obtained and characterized in terms of: Acid Index, Iodine Index, Saponification Index, K Index, Refractive Index (20 °C) and fatty acid composition, determined by gas chromatography coupled to a mass detector (GC-MS). This profile was compared with the fatty acid profile of the solvent-extracted quinoa oil, and it was observed that there were no significant differences between the two oil samples. In addition, the sample obtained via cold pressing showed similar characteristics to corn oil, except for a higher Saponification Index and proportion of linolenic acid (omega-3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Chenopodium quinoa 's Ingredients Improve Control of the Hepatic Lipid Disturbances Derived from a High-Fat Diet.
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Garcia Tejedor, Aurora, Haros, Claudia Monika, and Laparra Llopis, José Moisés
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HIGH-fat diet ,QUINOA ,INNATE lymphoid cells ,LIPIDS ,LIVER cells ,GENE expression ,METABOLIC disorders - Abstract
This study explored the effects of Chenopodium quinoa's ingredients on the major lipids' hepatic profile and the functional selective differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages and innate lymphoid cells in mice on a high-fat diet. Six-week-old Rag2
-/- and Rag2-/- Il2-/- mice received (12 days) a low-molecular-weight protein fraction (LWPF) or the lipid fraction (qLF) obtained from the cold pressing of C. quinoa's germen. At the end of the experiment, mouse serum and liver tissue were collected. The differences in triglycerides, phospholipids, and the major lipids profile were analyzed. Infiltrated monocyte-derived macrophages and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and the expression of liver metabolic stress-related mRNA were measured. In the Rag2-/- mice, feeding them LWPF appeared to improve, to a larger extent, their hepatic capacity to utilize fatty acids in comparison to the qLF by preventing the overwhelming of triglycerides (TGs), despite both reducing the hepatic lipid accumulation. An analysis of the hepatic major lipids profile revealed significant increased variations in the PUFAs and phospholipid composition in the Rag2-/- mice fed with the LWPF or LF. The Rag2-/- Il2-/- mice, lacking innate and adaptive lymphocytes, seemed resistant to mobilizing hepatic TGs and unresponsive to lipid accumulation when fed with the LF. Notably, only the Rag2-/- mice fed with the LWPF showed an increased proportion of hepatic CD68+F4/80+ cells population, with a better controlled expression of the innate immune 'Toll-like' receptor (TLR)-4. These changes were associated with an oriented expansion of pluripotential CD117+ cells towards ILC2s (CD117+KLRG1+). Thus, C. quinoa's ingredients resulted in being advantageous for improving the mechanisms for controlling the hepatic lipotoxicity derived from a high-fat diet, promoting liver macrophage and ILCs expansion to a selective functional differentiation for the control of HFD-driven immune and metabolic disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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7. Effect of Germination on the Nutritional Properties, Phytic Acid Content, and Phytase Activity of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)
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Maldonado-Alvarado, Pedro, primary, Pavón-Vargas, Darío Javier, additional, Abarca-Robles, Juan, additional, Valencia-Chamorro, Silvia, additional, and Haros, Claudia Monika, additional
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- 2023
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8. Enrichment of Wholemeal Rye Bread with Plant Sterols: Rheological Analysis, Optimization of the Production, Nutritional Profile and Starch Digestibility
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Makran, Mussa, primary, Cilla, Antonio, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Garcia-Llatas, Guadalupe, additional
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- 2022
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9. Buckwheat hull, a valuable bakery product ingredient: assessment of bioaccessible phenolics and antioxidant capacity
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Bączek, Natalia, primary, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Wronkowska, Małgorzata, additional
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- 2022
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10. Effect of Different Black Quinoa Fractions (Seed, Flour and Wet-Milling Coproducts) upon Quality of Meat Patties during Freezing Storage
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Sayas-Barberá, Estrella, primary, Valero-Asencio, María Maite, additional, Navarro Rodríguez-Vera, Casilda, additional, Fernández-López, Juana, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, Pérez-Álvarez, José Ángel, additional, and Viuda-Martos, Manuel, additional
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- 2021
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11. Enrichment of Wholemeal Rye Bread with Plant Sterols: Rheological Analysis, Optimization of the Production, Nutritional Profile and Starch Digestibility.
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Makran, Mussa, Cilla, Antonio, Haros, Claudia Monika, and Garcia-Llatas, Guadalupe
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STEROLS ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,RYE ,BREAD ,DIETARY fiber ,STARCH ,DIGESTION ,CORN as feed - Abstract
Bread is one of the staple foods of many countries, and its enrichment with bioactive compounds is trending. This phenomenon is focused on breads with a good nutritional profile, such as wholemeal rye bread (WRB), in which enrichment with plant sterols (PSs) is allowed in accordance with European regulations. The objective of the present study was to optimize the production of a WRB enriched with PS (PS-WRB) and to evaluate the proximate composition and starch digestibility as an indicator of nutritional quality. The rheological analysis showed that the bread dough presents satisfactory farinographic properties (dough development time 6 min; stability 4 min; degree of softening 100 Brabender units) but high water absorption (67%). The PS-WRB is high in dietary fiber and low in protein (20.4 and 7.7% w/w, dry basis, respectively) compared with other cereals reported in the scientific literature. In turn, a low starch proportion was hydrolyzed during the simulated digestion (59.9% of total starch), being also slowly hydrolyzed, as deduced from the rapidly digestible starch value (56.5% of total starch). In conclusion, WRB is a suitable matrix for PS enrichment, which allows for obtaining a product with a good nutritional profile and potential health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Intestinal Intervention Strategy Targeting Myeloid Cells to Improve Hepatic Immunity during Hepatocarcinoma Development
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Bouzas Muñoz, Adrián, primary, Giménez-Bastida, Juan Antonio, additional, Tejedor, Aurora García, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, Gómez de Cedrón, Marta, additional, Ramírez de Molina, Ana, additional, and Laparra Llopis, José Moisés, additional
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- 2021
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13. Studying the Impact of Different Field Environmental Conditions on Seed Quality of Quinoa: The Case of Three Different Years Changing Seed Nutritional Traits in Southern Europe
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Granado-Rodríguez, Sara, primary, Aparicio, Nieves, additional, Matías, Javier, additional, Pérez-Romero, Luis Felipe, additional, Maestro, Isaac, additional, Gracés, Irene, additional, Pedroche, Justo Javier, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, Fernandez-Garcia, Nieves, additional, Navarro del Hierro, Joaquín, additional, Martin, Diana, additional, Bolaños, Luis, additional, and Reguera, María, additional
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- 2021
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14. Development of Functional Breads with By-Products of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seeds
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Guiotto, Estefania Nancy, Tomás, Mabel Cristina, and Haros, Claudia Monika
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Alimentos y Bebidas ,purl.org/becyt/ford/2 [https] ,Otras Ingenierías y Tecnologías ,RESIDUAL CHIA FLOUR ,DOUGH MIXING BEHAVIOUR ,SALVIA HISPANICA L ,BREAD QUALITY ,THERMAL PROPERTIES ,INGENIERÍAS Y TECNOLOGÍAS ,purl.org/becyt/ford/2.11 [https] - Abstract
The effect of the incorporation of various types of residual chia flour (whole, semi-defatted and defatted, with or without mucilage) on the technological quality of bread was investigated. The various types of chia flour were used to substitute 5 and 10% wt/wt of wheat flour in the bread formulations. The water absorption, dough development time and stability of blends with the presence of mucilage and the incorporation of 10% wt/wt of chia flour demonstrated the highest values in comparison with the other ones. The specific volume of the flour variants with 5% wt/wt of chia flour with mucilage were similar to the control bread; while those formulated with chia flour without mucilage exhibited a lesser volume. The incorporation of 10% wt/wt of chia flour in the formulations caused a decrease in the technological quality of the bread as expected. The bread crust and crumb colour parameters were mainly influenced by the level of chia flour substitution, which resulted in a decrease in lightness and h values. The substitution of wheat flour with 5% wt/wt of chia flour counterparts with mucilage improved the technological quality of the breads. The different oil content of the chia flours did not show any significant influence on overall quality or texture. Fil: Guiotto, Estefania Nancy. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España Fil: Tomás, Mabel Cristina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentina Fil: Haros, Claudia Monika. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España
- Published
- 2020
15. Combined Effect of Chia, Quinoa and Amaranth Incorporation on the Physico-Chemical, Nutritional and Functional Quality of Fresh Bread
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Miranda-Ramos, Karla Carmen, primary and Haros, Claudia Monika, additional
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- 2020
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16. Potential Beneficial Effects of Chenopodium quinoa and Salvia hispanica L. in Glucose Homeostasis in Hyperglycemic Mice Model
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Selma-Gracia, Raquel, primary, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Laparra, José Moisés, additional
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- 2020
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17. Effect of Chia as Breadmaking Ingredient on Nutritional Quality, Mineral Availability, and Glycemic Index of Bread
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Miranda-Ramos, Karla, primary, Millán-Linares, Ma. Carmen, additional, and Haros, Claudia Monika, additional
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- 2020
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18. Combined Effect of Chia Flour and Soy Lecithin Incorporation on Nutritional and Technological Quality of Fresh Bread and during Staling
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Ahmed, Imen Bel Hadj, primary, Hannachi, Ahmed, additional, and Haros, Claudia Monika, additional
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- 2020
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19. Effects of Black Quinoa Wet-Milling Coproducts on the Quality Properties of Bologna-Type Sausages During Cold Storage
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Fernández-López, Juana, primary, Lucas-González, Raquel, additional, Roldán-Verdú, Alba, additional, Viuda-Martos, Manuel, additional, Sayas-Barberá, Estrella, additional, Ballester-Sánchez, Jaime, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Pérez-Álvarez, José Angel, additional
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- 2020
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20. C. quinoa and S. hispanica L. Seeds Provide Immunonutritional Agonists to Selectively Polarize Macrophages
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Srdić, Maša, primary, Ovčina, Ivana, additional, Fotschki, Bartosz, additional, Haros, Claudia Monika, additional, and Laparra Llopis, Jose Moises, additional
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- 2020
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21. Evaluación de nuevas xilanasas fúngicas para el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales derivados de cereales
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Haros, Claudia Monika, Orejas, Margarita, Gavara Clemente, Rafael José, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior del Medio Rural y Enología - Escola Tècnica Superior del Medi Rural i Enologia, Obando Garzón, Catalina, Haros, Claudia Monika, Orejas, Margarita, Gavara Clemente, Rafael José, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior del Medio Rural y Enología - Escola Tècnica Superior del Medi Rural i Enologia, and Obando Garzón, Catalina
- Abstract
[ES] Las endo-1,4-xilanasas (xilanasas; E.C. 3.2.1.8) son enzimas hidrolíticas que catalizan la degradación de los xilanos, rompiendo al azar los enlaces glicosídicos ß-(1-4) de las cadenas de xilosa presentes en la hemicelulosa de la pared celular vegetal, produciendo oligosacáridos (solubles e insolubles) de diferentes tamaños. Estas enzimas son extensamente utilizadas como coadyuvantes tecnológicos en la industria panadera por sus beneficios tecnológicos, como son el incremento del volumen de la pieza panaria, la mayor durabilidad del producto y la mejora de la calidad de la miga. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la utilidad de nuevas xilanasas de origen fúngico con el fin de incrementar el contenido de fibra soluble en productos de panadería, y por consiguiente su valor nutricional y funcional. Los ensayos se realizaron con tres formulaciones diferentes de pan: 100% harina de trigo (F-100), 50% harina de trigo + 50% harina de trigo integral (WWF-50) y 100% harina de trigo integral (WWF-100). Las enzimas estudiadas fueron dos xilanasas de Aspergillus nidulans (XlnA/X22 y XlnC/X34) expresadas en un organismo genéticamente modificado (Pichia pastoris) y una enzima comercial procedente de Thermomyces lanuginosus y expresada en Aspergillus oryzae (XlnPP), como referencia positiva. Cada formulación fue adicionada durante la etapa de amasado con las enzimas en estudio y éstas fueron comparadas con una muestra control sin la adición enzimática. En términos de volumen específico no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el control y las muestras tratadas con enzimas, si bien se observó una tendencia positiva en las formulaciones con xilanasa comercial y XlnC/X34. Por otra parte, la aplicación de xilanasas ocasionó incrementos significativos en la cantidad de fibra soluble del pan. Estas diferencias fueron significativas entre el control y las muestras adicionadas con las enzimas XlnA/X22 y XlnPP, aumentando la fibra soluble un 7% y un 27% respectivamente, [EN] Xylanases are hemicellulolytic enzymes, which catalyze the degradation of xylan -the major polysaccharide constituent of hemicellulose- producing oligosaccharides (soluble or insoluble) of different sizes. These enzymes are widely used as food processing aids in baking for technological benefits such as increased volume, bread durability and improved crumb quality. The aim of this work was to test new fungal endoxylanases in order to enhance the production of soluble fibre in bakery products. The assays were performed using three different bread formulations: 100% wheat flour (F-100), 50% wheat flour + 50% whole wheat flour (WWF-50) and 100% whole wheat flour (WWF-100). The enzymes added during mixing were two Aspergillus nidulans endoxylanases (XlnA/X22 and XlnC/X34) overexpressed in genetically modified organisms (Pichia pastoris) and a commercial enzyme from Thermomyces lanuginosus and expressed in Aspergillus oryzae (XlnPP), as positive reference and samples were compared against control ones without enzymes. In terms of specific volume, no significant differences were found between control and samples treated with enzymes; however a tendency towards increasing was observed using either commercial xylanase or XlnC/X34. Application of endoxylanases resulted to be useful increasing the soluble fibre amount in breads. Significant differences were found between control samples and XlnA/X22 (7% increase) or the commercial endoxylanase (27%) in WWF-50 formulations. Remarkably, about 35% increase was observed when applying XlnA/X22 in whole wheat bread formulations. The F-100 bread showed a significant increase when the XlnC/X34 enzyme was added comparing to the control sample without enzyme. These results illustrate that in addition to their current technological applications, endoxylanases from A. nidulas showed themselves capable of developing bakery products with functional properties., [CA] Les xilanasas són enzims hidrolíticas les quals catalitzen la degradació del xilano, trencant els enllaços 1-4 de les cadenes de xilosa presents en l'hemicelulosa de la paret cellular, produint oligosacàrids (solubles i insolubles) de diferents grandàries." Estos enzims són extensament utilitzades com coadyuvants tecnològics en la indústria fornera pels seus beneficis tecnològics, com són l'increment del volum de la peça panaria, la major durabilitat del producte i millora de la qualitat de la molla. L'objectiu d'este treball va ser estudiar la utilitat de noves endoxilanasas d'origen fúngic a fi d'incrementar el contingut de fibra soluble en productes de forn i per consegüent el seu valor nutricional i funcional. Els assajos es van realitzar amb tres formulacions diferents de pa: 100% farina de blat (F-100), 50% farina de blat + 50% farina de blat integral (WWF-50) i 100% farina de blat integral (WWF-100) . Els enzims, les quals van ser addiciones durant l'etapa de pastat, van ser dos endoxilanasas d'Aspergillus nidulans (XlnA/X22 i XlnC/X34) expressades en un organisme genèticament modificat (Pichia pastoris) i un enzim comercial procedent de Thermomyces lanuginosus i expressada en Aspergillus oryzae (XlnPP), com a referència positiva. Les mostres van ser addicionades amb enzims i van ser comparades amb una mostra control sense enzims. En termes de volum especifique no es van trobar diferències significatives entre el control i les mostres tractades amb enzims, observant-se una tendència a incrementar-se en les formulacions amb xilanasa comercial i XlnC/X34. D'altra banda, l'aplicació de les endoxilanasas va mostrar un increment significatiu en la quantitat de fibra soluble en el producte final. Estes diferències van ser significatives entre el control i les mostres addicionades amb els enzims XlnA/X22 i XlnPP, augmentant un 7% i 27%, respectivament en la formulació WWF-50. En la formulació de pa integral es va observar un increment del 35% quan es va addicio
- Published
- 2013
22. NUEVAS ESTRATEGIAS PARA INCREMENTAR LA CALIDAD NUTRICIONAL DE PRODUCTOS DE PANADERÍA. EFECTO SOBRE EL CONTENIDO DE FITATOS Y LA BIODISPONIBILIDAD DE HIERRO EN CACO-2
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Haros, Claudia Monika, Sanz Penella, Juan Mario, Haros, Claudia Monika, and Sanz Penella, Juan Mario
- Abstract
Los productos de cereales con grano entero, en particular el pan, son fuentes de fibra dietética, vitaminas, minerales y compuestos fitoquímicos. Sin embargo, la biodisponibilidad de los minerales se afecta principalmente debido a la presencia de fitatos que reducen su absorción. El fitato se encuentra principalmente en los alimentos no procesados, pero puede ser degradado durante la germinación de las semillas o el procesado de alimentos. La hidrólisis del fitato a fosfatos de mio-inositol de menor grado de fosforilación es una manera de reducir su efecto negativo sobre la absorción de minerales. Muchas investigaciones han intentado reducir la cantidad de fitatos en los alimentos mediante diferentes procesos o adición de fitasas exógenas. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue incrementar el valor nutricional de los productos derivados de cereales a través de nuevas estrategias para la elaboración de productos de panadería de alta calidad, proporcionando más fibra dietética y una mayor biodisponibilidad de minerales. La inclusión de salvado de trigo en diferentes niveles y tamaño de partícula, con ?-amilasa y fitasa; el uso de bifidobacterias productoras de fitasa como nuevos iniciadores panarios; y la utilización de harina integral de amaranto como ingrediente nutritivo en panificación, fueron las estrategias propuestas para alcanzar el objetivo principal. Se evaluó la calidad nutricional, tecnológica y sensorial de los productos desarrollados. Asimismo, se estudió el efecto de la formulación en la relación molar fitato/mineral, la dializabilidad del hierro y la biosíntesis de ferritina en células Caco-2 como una medida de la absorción de este mineral. El salvado de trigo, en combinación con enzimas amilolíticas y fitasa, disminuyó el efecto negativo en la reología del producto y mejoró la hidrólisis de los fitatos. El uso de bifidobacterias productoras de fitasa (GRAS/PQS), tanto en proceso directo como indirecto, produjo panes con características tecnol
- Published
- 2012
23. Immunonutritional Bioactives from Chenopodium quinoa and Salvia hispanica L. Flour Positively Modulate Insulin Resistance and Preserve Alterations in Peripheral Myeloid Population.
- Author
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Selma-Gracia, Raquel, Megušar, Polona, Haros, Claudia Monika, Laparra Llopis, José Moisés, and Del Bo', Cristian
- Abstract
Innate immunity plays a determinant role in high fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance. This study compares the effects of immunonutritional bioactives from Chenopodium quinoa (WQ) or Salvia hispanica L. (Ch) when used to partially replace wheat flour (WB) into bread formulations. These flours were chosen to condition starch and lipid content in the products as well as because their immunonutritional activity. To be administered with different bread formulations, HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice were distributed in different groups: (i) wild type, (ii) displaying inherited disturbances in glucose homeostasis, and (iii) displaying dietary iron-mediated impairment of the innate immune TLR4/TRAM/TRIF pathway. We analyze the effects of the products on glycaemia and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), plasmatic triglycerides, intestinal and hepatic gene expression and variations of myeloid (MY), and lymphoid (LY) cells population in peripheral blood. Our results show that feeding animals with WQ and Ch formulations influenced the expression of lipogenic and coronary risk markers, thus attaining a better control of hepatic lipid accumulation. WQ and Ch products also improved glucose homeostasis compared to WB, normalizing the HOMA-IR in animals with an altered glucose and lipid metabolism. These positive effects were associated with positive variations in the peripheral myeloid cells population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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24. Bread Fortified with Cooked Purple Potato Flour and Citrus Albedo: An Evaluation of Its Compositional and Sensorial Properties.
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Taglieri, Isabella, Sanmartin, Chiara, Venturi, Francesca, Macaluso, Monica, Bianchi, Alessandro, Sgherri, Cristina, Quartacci, Mike Frank, De Leo, Marinella, Pistelli, Luisa, Palla, Fabrizio, Flamini, Guido, Zinnai, Angela, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
BITTERNESS (Taste) ,ALBEDO ,BREAD ,SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae ,CITRUS ,FLOUR ,POTATOES ,ENRICHED foods - Abstract
This research aimed to explore the feasibility of fortifying bread with cooked Vitelotte potato powder and Citrus albedo, comparing the use of baker's yeast or sourdough as leavening agents. Breads obtained were thus subjected to physico-chemical and sensory characterizations. The replacement of part of the wheat flour with purple potato and albedo determined a significant enhancement of the phenolic profile and antioxidant status of fortified breads, as well as a longer shelf life. Thanks to its acidity and antimicrobial activity, sourdough improved the levels of health-promoting compounds and stability. Both the fortification and the leavening agent deeply affected the organoleptic, expression, and the aroma profile, of the fortified bread. Interestingly, albedo addition, despite its effectiveness in boosting the phenolic profile, determined a higher perception of aftertaste and bitterness, irrespective of the leavening agent. Based on these results, the use of purple potatoes and Citrus albedo, if properly formulated, could represent a valuable strategy for the development of high-quality products, with longer shelf-life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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25. Gluten-Free Breadsticks Fortified with Phenolic-Rich Extracts from Olive Leaves and Olive Mill Wastewater.
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Conte, Paola, Pulina, Simone, Del Caro, Alessandra, Fadda, Costantino, Urgeghe, Pietro Paolo, De Bruno, Alessandra, Difonzo, Graziana, Caponio, Francesco, Romeo, Rosa, Piga, Antonio, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
OLIVE leaves ,BIOACTIVE compounds ,SEWAGE ,CONSUMER preferences - Abstract
Nowadays, food processing by-products, which have long raised serious environmental concerns, are recognized to be a cheap source of valuable compounds. In the present study, incorporation of phenolic-rich extracts (500 and 1000 mg kg
−1 ) from olive leaves (OL) and olive mill wastewater (OMW) into conventional gluten-free formulations has been exploited as a potential strategy for developing nutritious and healthy breadsticks with extended shelf-life. To this end, moisture, water activity (aw ), visual and textural properties, the composition of biologically active compounds (soluble, insoluble, and bio-accessible polyphenols), antioxidant activity, oxidation stability, and consumer preference of the resulting breadsticks were investigated. Fortified breadsticks had higher moisture and aw , lower hardness, and similar color in comparison to the control, especially in the case of OL extract supplementation. All enriched formulations significantly affected the phenolic composition, as evidenced by the decrease in insoluble/soluble polyphenols ratio (from 7 in the control up to 3.1 and 4.5 in OL and OMW, respectively), and a concomitant increase in polyphenol bio-accessibility (OL: 14.5–23% and OMW: 10.4–15% rise) and antioxidant activity (OL: 20–36% and OMW: 11–16% rise). Moreover, a significant shelf-life extension was observed in all fortified breadsticks (especially in case of OMW supplementation). Sensory evaluation evidenced that 61% of the assessors showed a marked, but not significant, tendency to consider the sample supplemented with high levels of OL as a more palatable choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Trace Element Concentration and Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Blueberries and Bilberries: A Tool for Quality and Authenticity Control.
- Author
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Klavins, Linards, Maaga, Inessa, Bertins, Maris, Hykkerud, Anne Linn, Karppinen, Katja, Bobinas, Česlovas, Salo, Heikki M., Nguyen, Nga, Salminen, Henriikka, Stankevica, Karina, Klavins, Maris, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
BLUEBERRIES ,STABLE isotope analysis ,BILBERRY ,VACCINIUM corymbosum ,QUALITY control ,TRACE elements ,FUNCTIONAL foods - Abstract
Vaccinium genus berries—wild bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and cultivated highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)—are consumed worldwide, and their consumption has a trend of stable increase. Thus, considering their wide use in ethnomedicine, for juice and jam production, as functional food, as well as their use in preparations of extracts which have application potential in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, studies regarding the composition of these berries are of special importance. The aim of this study is to characterise the elemental and isotopic composition, as well as variation in element concentration in bilberries gathered from different sites in Northern Europe and in commercially available blueberry samples from across the World. Furthermore, our aim was to develop tools for authenticity and quality control of these berries. The elemental composition of berries was analysed using inductively coupled plasma with optical emission detection (ICP-OED), while isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was used for the determination of isotope ratio values. The results demonstrated detectable differences between macro- and microelement values in bilberries. IRMS analysis of blueberries revealed significant differences in isotope ratios based on the place of origin, indicating the possibility to use this analytical method for authenticity testing. In none of the samples, pollution was detected, even though there were indications of different growth conditions and geochemical differences affecting bilberry composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Effect of Different Fermentation Condition on Estimated Glycemic Index, In Vitro Starch Digestibility, and Textural and Sensory Properties of Sourdough Bread.
- Author
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Demirkesen-Bicak, Hilal, Arici, Muhammet, Yaman, Mustafa, Karasu, Salih, Sagdic, Osman, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
SOURDOUGH bread ,WHEAT starch ,GLYCEMIC index ,FERMENTATION ,STARCH ,LACTOBACILLUS brevis ,FLOUR ,SACCHAROMYCES cerevisiae - Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of sourdough fermentation on the estimated glycemic index (eGI), in vitro starch digestibility, and textural and sensory properties of eight experimentally prepared sourdough breads. Wheat and whole wheat flour bread samples were produced under different fermentation conditions (25 °C and 30 °C) and fermentation methods (type-1 and type-2). In type-1 fermentation, sourdough was obtained via spontaneous fermentation. Indigenous strains (Lactobacillus brevis ELB99, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ELB75, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae TGM55) were used for type-2 fermentation. Fermentation type and temperature significantly affected eGI, the hydrolysis index (HI), the starch fraction, and the textural properties of the samples (p < 0.05). The resistant starch (RS) content increased after fermentation, while rapidly digestible starch (RDS), HI, and eGI decreased. RS values were significantly higher in type-2 than in type-1 at the same temperature for both flour types (p < 0.05). At 25 °C, RS values were higher in both fermentation types. In the white flour samples, eGI values were in the range of 60.8–78.94 and 62.10–78.94 for type-1 and type-2, respectively. The effect of fermentation type on eGI was insignificant (p < 0.05). In the whole flour samples, fermentation type and temperature significantly affected eGI (p < 0.05). The greatest eGI decreases were in whole wheat sourdough bread at 30 °C using type-2 (29.74%). The 30 °C and type-2 samples showed lower hardness and higher specific volume. This study suggests that fermentation type and temperature could affect the eGI and the textural and sensory properties of sourdough bread, and these factors should be considered during bread production. The findings also support the consumption of wheat and whole wheat breads produced by type-2 fermentation due to higher RS and slowly digestible starch (SDS) and lower RDS and eGI values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Assessment of Chokeberry Powders Quality Obtained Using an Innovative Fluidized-Bed Jet Milling and Drying Method with Pre-Drying Compared with Convection Drying.
- Author
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Sadowska, Anna, Świderski, Franciszek, Hallmann, Ewelina, Świąder, Katarzyna, and Haros, Claudia Monika
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ARONIA ,BERRIES ,VITAMIN C ,SPRAY drying ,NUTRITIONAL value ,MALTODEXTRIN ,GRANULATION ,IRON powder - Abstract
There is a need and great interest among food producers in obtaining powders from fruit and vegetables of both high nutritional value and sensory qualities superior to those hitherto obtained by convection drying (CD) and spray drying methods and cheaper to prepare than the sublimation method. This study is focused on whether powders can be obtained from fruit berries with a sticky structure, using the chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) as a test example, by a combined fluidized-bed jet milling and drying (FBJD) of pre-dried fruit by CD to an adequate water activity (a
w ). The pre-drying step reduced sticking between fruit particles during the simultaneous drying and grinding processes of the FBJD method in order to obtain powders of desired granulation. Three different pre-drying temperatures of 50, 60, and 70 °C were tested for levels of microorganisms in chokeberries at a water activity of 0.4. Vitamin C content and antioxidant properties were also examined along with polyphenol separation. Fruit pre-dried at 60–70 °C had significantly higher vitamin C and polyphenolic content and greater antioxidant properties than those pre-dried at 50 °C. Further studies were thus undertaken on powders pre-dried at 70 °C in which antioxidant properties, vitamin C, and polyphenols content were also compared with CD obtained powders. The FBJD method combined with CD pre-drying proved superior to just using the CD method, where powders had a greater preservation of vitamin C at 84% (CD powders 35%), a 12% higher total polyphenol content, and a 10% higher antioxidant activity. The test method also uses a much shorter drying time than the CD method, because the grinding of the hard-textured material takes only few minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Development of Healthy, Nutritious Bakery Products by Incorporation of Quinoa.
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Ballester-Sánchez, Jaime, Millán-Linares, M. Carmen, Fernández-Espinar, M. Teresa, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
BAKED products ,QUINOA ,PHYTIC acid ,LINOLENIC acids ,UNSATURATED fatty acids ,GLYCEMIC index ,FOOD safety - Abstract
The use of quinoa could be a strategy for the nutritional improvement of bakery products. The inclusion of this pseudocereal, with its suitable balance of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and minerals, could contribute to attaining the adequate intake values proposed by the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and/or EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) for suitable maintenance and improvement of the population's health. Bakery products made with white, red or black royal quinoa significantly improved the contribution to an adequate intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids) and dietary fibre, which produced an improvement in the soluble/insoluble fibre ratio. There was also an increase in the contribution to the average requirement of Fe and Zn, although the increase in the phytate/mineral ratio would make absorption of them more difficult. Inclusion of flour obtained from the three quinoas studied slightly improved the protein quality of the products that were prepared and positively affected the reduction in their glycaemic index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Efecto de la sustitución de harina de trigo por harinas de chía (Salvia hispanica L.), Amaranto (Amaranthus caudatus) y Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) en las propiedades nutricionales, tecnológicas y sensoriales de un producto panario precocido y congelado
- Author
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Miranda Ramos, Karla Carmen, Haros, Claudia Monika, and Departament de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Ciències de l'Alimentació, Toxicologia i Medicina Legal
- Subjects
pan ,chía ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA ,congelado ,quinoa ,amaranto ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS ,precocido - Abstract
Los hábitos alimentarios de los consumidores han cambiado progresivamente en las últimas décadas, buscando una alternativa de alimentos con alto valor nutricional e impacto en la salud. En ese sentido, los productos panarios son clave en la dieta y poseen potencial para ser adicionados con ingredientes nutritivos y saludables. Sin embargo, esto presenta un desafío tecnológico debido a la inclusión de ingredientes carentes de gluten, además de cumplir con las expectativas de los consumidores en cuanto a características de producto fresco con el mismo valor nutricional/funcional a pesar de no ser elaborado en el día. Para ello, la tecnología de elaboración de productos panarios precocidos y congelados asegura la disponibilidad del producto a cualquier hora del día. En este sentido, las harinas integrales de amaranto (Amaranthus caudatus, Amranthus spinosus y Amaranthus hypochondriacus), quínoa (Chenopodium quinoa) y/o semillas de chía (Salvia hispanica) y sus harinas integrales y desengrasadas, tras la extracción del aceite, son las materias primas investigadas en este estudio para ser incorporadas a formulaciones panarias por ser ingredientes con alto valor nutricional. Para ello, se determinó el nivel máximo de sustitución de harina de trigo por los nuevos ingredientes teniendo en cuenta la conservación de la calidad tecnológica, un mayor aporte nutricional y la aceptabilidad por parte de los consumidores. Con esta información se desarrolló una formulación optimizada con la inclusión de harinas integrales de amaranto, quínoa y chía, utilizando un diseño factorial (19% amaranto; 4% quínoa y 10 % chía). Este producto panario, con solo un 33 % de sustitución de harina, presentó mejores características tecnológicas, nutricionales y sensoriales que un producto integral de trigo. El proceso de precocido/congelado/almacenamiento en congelación no mermó de manera significativa sus características tecnológicas, a excepción de algunos parámetros de textura, conservando su valor nutricional. La ingesta de este producto optimizado con mayor contenido de fibra, proteínas de alto valor biológico, ácidos grasos insaturados, mayor contenido de minerales y menor índice glucémico podría contribuir a la prevención del desarrollo de enfermedades precedidas por el síndrome metabólico. Las harinas sustitutas alternativas propuestas en esta investigación podrían incrementar sustancialmente el valor nutricional y funcional de alimentos a base de cereales a bajos porcentajes de sustitución. Consumers eating habits have progressively changed in recent decades, seeking an alternative food with high nutritional value and impact on health. In this sense, bread products are key in the diet and have the potential to be added with nutritious and healthy ingredients. However, this presents a technological challenge due to the inclusion of gluten-free ingredients, along with meeting consumer expectations regarding fresh product characteristics with the same nutritional/functional value despite not being made on the same day. Therefore, the technology for making pre-cooked and frozen bread products ensures the availability of the product at any time of the day. In this sense, the wholemeals of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus, Amranthus spinosus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and/or chia seeds (Salvia hispanica) and their wholemeal and defatted flours, after extracting the oil, are the raw materials investigated in this study to be incorporated into bakery formulations as they are ingredients with high nutritional value. For this, the maximum level of substitution of wheat flour by the new ingredients was determined, taking into account the conservation of technological quality, a greater nutritional contribution and acceptability by consumers. With this information, an optimized formulation was developed with the inclusion of wholemeal amaranth, quinoa and chia flours, using a factorial design (19% amaranth; 4% quinoa and 10% chia). This bread product, with only 33% flour substitution, presented better technological, nutritional and sensory characteristics than a whole wheat product. The pre-cooked/frozen/frozen storage process did not significantly reduce its technological characteristics, with the exception of some texture parameters, preserving its nutritional value. The intake of this optimized product with a higher fiber content, high biological value proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, higher mineral content and lower glycemic index could contribute to the prevention of the development of diseases preceded by metabolic syndrome. The alternative substitute flours proposed in this research could substantially increase the nutritional and functional value of cereal-based foods at low substitution percentages.
- Published
- 2023
31. Desarrollo de formulaciones alimentarias basadas en Chenopodium quinoa y Salvia hispanica L. con función preventivo/terapéutica de trastornos en el metabolismo de la glucosa
- Author
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Selma Gracia, Raquel, Haros, Claudia Monika, Laparra Llopis, José Moisés, and Departament de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Ciències de l'Alimentació, Toxicologia i Medicina Legal
- Subjects
homeostasis de la glucosa ,chía ,salvia hispanica ,almidón ,inhibidores de proteasa ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ,quinoa ,resistencia a la insulina ,inmunonutrición ,CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO] ,dieta alta en grasa ,chenopodium quinoa - Abstract
El incremento de enfermedades relacionadas con alteraciones en la homeostasis de la glucosa (i.e., obesidad, diabetes, glucogenosis), ha generado un continuo interés en el consumo de la quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) y la chía (Salvia hispanica L.). Por ello, se ha estudiado en un primer objetivo el almidón de quinoa comparado con otros almidones comerciales (patata, arroz, trigo, maíz), determinando sus propiedades térmicas y de pasta y el efecto del tratamiento hidrotérmico en sus cinéticas de liberación de glucosa, así como evaluar el efecto de añadir harina de chía desgrasada (H_Ch) en los flujos de glucosa y en la respuesta metabólica en células HepG2. Como segundo objetivo, se ha estudiado el efecto de remplazar harina de trigo por harina de quinoa roja (QR) (25 %), quinoa blanca (QB) (25 %), chía (Ch) (20 %) y chía semidesgrasada (Ch_D) (20 %) en formulaciones de pan. Se ha observado el impacto fisiológico de estos ingredientes en diferentes modelos murinos (hiperglucemia, predisposición transgeneracional al acúmulo lipídico hepático y deficiencia en hierro) en combinación con una dieta alta en grasa, centrándonos en la contribución inmunonutricional sobre el control de la homeostasis de la glucosa. El almidón de quinoa mostró parámetros tecnológicos asociado con una mayor susceptibilidad a la gelatinización y correlacionándose con su mayor digestibilidad comparada con otros almidones. La incorporación de H_Ch no afectó significativamente al coeficiente de difusión de glucosa, si bien, disminuyó la respuesta metabólica mitocondrial, en presencia de insulina, en los cultivos HepG2. En los ensayos in vivo, la administración de los panes con quinoa y chía a ratones hiperglucémicos redujo la resistencia a la insulina (HOMAir) en comparación con el pan de trigo (PT). Sin embargo, el grupo Ch_D obtuvo niveles similares de peroxidación lipídica hepática al grupo PT. Este efecto se asocia más con la actividad de moduladores de la inmunidad innata, como los inhibidores de proteasa, que con el perfil nutricional (cantidad de almidón/omega-3). En animales con tendencia al acúmulo lipídico hepático, la administración de panes con QB y Ch también mejoró el índice HOMAir respecto al PT, acompañado de una modulación de la expresión (ARNm) de biomarcadores lipogénicos hepáticos. Estos cambios se asociaron con una variación positiva de la población mieloide en el torrente circulatorio periférico. Esta misma tendencia en las células mieloides también se observó en el modelo de deficiencia en hierro, manteniendo normalizados los niveles de glucosa, similares al grupo deficiente en hierro, previniendo el aumento de la glucemia después de la ingesta de dieta alta en grasa, a contraposición de lo que ocurrió con PT. En conclusión, la quinoa y la chía poseen propiedades beneficiosas a través del control inmunonutricional favoreciendo la prevención/atenuación en el desarrollo de enfermedades metabólicas a través del control de la homeostasis de la glucosa.
- Published
- 2021
32. Fraccionamiento de quinoa por molienda seca y húmeda para la formulación de alimentos con alto valor añadido: Estudio nutricional y evaluación de propiedades saludables
- Author
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Ballester Sánchez, Jaime, Haros, Claudia Monika, Fernández-Espinar, María Teresa, and Departament de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Ciències de l'Alimentació, Toxicologia i Medicina Legal
- Subjects
CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS [UNESCO] ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS ,quinoa ,molienda ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS ,CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO] ,fraccionamiento - Abstract
La quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) se considera un alimento completo por sus propiedades nutricionales y saludables atribuidas a su contenido en proteínas de alto valor biológico con una equilibrada composición en aminoácidos esenciales, aceite rico en omega-3, fibra dietética, minerales, vitaminas y compuestos bioactivos. Se ha relacionado la ingesta de alimentos ricos en estos compuestos con una menor incidencia del síndrome metabólico y por ende de patologías asociadas con este como la enfermedad cardiovascular ateroesclerótica y la diabetes tipo II. Por todo ello, existe la tendencia actual de impulsar la inclusión de la quinoa en la dieta a través de su consumo directo o para la formulación de alimentos. Hasta ahora, el uso de la quinoa se ha basado en la aplicación de granos enteros o molidos, sin embargo, no existen precedentes de la aplicación de sus co-productos a modo de ingredientes alimentarios debido a que todavía no existe un proceso tecnológico satisfactorio para su obtención. Por tanto, el aislamiento de los componentes individuales de la quinoa está todavía por explorar y supone una alternativa interesante para la industria alimentaria. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la revalorización del grano de quinoa mediante su aprovechamiento integral a través de la aplicación de sus granos molidos o co-productos en el desarrollo de productos panarios sensorialmente aceptados y con impacto en la salud. Por una parte, se estudió desde el punto de vista tecno-funcional, nutricional y antioxidante el potencial de la harina integral de quinoa para tal fin y se caracterizaron los productos derivados de su inclusión. La sustitución de harina de trigo refinado por harina de Quinoa Real boliviana de variedades blanca, roja y negra generó ligeras mermas tecnológicas en los productos desarrollados, como la reducción del volumen de las piezas panarias y el correspondiente aumento de la firmeza de sus migas. Sin embargo, una mejora significativa en el perfil nutricional, contenido polifenólico y capacidad antioxidante, junto con una aceptación general por parte de los consumidores, fue concluyente para proponer el reemplazo parcial de harina por quinoa como estrategia para la mejora nutricional en la fabricación de productos de panadería. Además, se abordó el fraccionamiento de las diferentes partes anatómicas y/o componentes del grano de quinoa que pudieran ser utilizados como ingredientes con valor añadido en la industria alimentaria. Para ello, se adaptaron los procesos actualmente utilizados en la industria de primera transformación de los cereales, en concreto la industria de la molienda seca de trigo o la molienda húmeda de maíz. El proceso de molienda húmeda desarrollado permitió el aislamiento de los componentes principales del grano de quinoa. Se centró el interés en la fracción amilácea, por sus múltiples aplicaciones en la industria alimentaria, y también en la fracción de fibra por su clara asociación con la salud y porque su empleo en la industria alimentaria todavía supone un desafío tecnológico y sensorial. La caracterización físicoquímica de la fracción rica en almidón obtenida mostró un elevado porcentaje de recuperación y una destacable ausencia de lípidos que indicaron una eficiente separación del germen durante la molienda húmeda. A su vez, los estudios de tecno-funcionalidad en términos de propiedades térmicas y propiedades de pegado mostraron características diferentes a las descritas en la bibliografía para otros almidones y ofreciendo, por tanto, nuevas posibilidades de uso. En cuanto a la fracción de fibra obtenida, sus propiedades se compararon con las de la fracción resultante del proceso de molienda seca. La molienda húmeda mostró un mayor rendimiento y recuperación así como una fracción de fibra más pura. Ambas fracciones de fibra destacaron por su contenido en polifenoles y actividad antioxidante siendo ambos parámetros superiores en la fibra resultante de la molienda en seco. Se estudió el potencial de las fibras como ingrediente panario,los productos resultantes de su inclusión presentaron un enriquecimento en nutrientes, fibra dietética, contenido en polifenoles y capacidad antioxidante con respecto al pan control de trigo. Sin embargo, la molienda en húmedo generó una fracción de fibra con un tamaño de partícula inferior al de la molienda seca lo que dio lugar a productos con menor calidad. Aunque la presente investigación se ha centrado en la mejora de productos panarios, los ingredientes obtenidos presentaron características que les confieren aplicabilidad en otras matrices alimentarias. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is considered a complete food because of its nutritional and healthy properties attributed to its content in proteins of high biological value with a balanced composition in essential amino acids, oil rich in omega-3, dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins and bioactive compounds. The intake of foods rich in these compounds has been associated with a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome and hence associated diseases such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Therefore, there is a current trend to promote the inclusion of quinoa in the diet through direct consumption or for food formulation. Until now, the use of quinoa has been based on the application of whole or milled grains, but nevertheless, there are no precedents for the application of its co-products as food ingredients because there is still no satisfactory technological process for its obtention. Therefore, the isolation of the individual components of quinoa is still to be explored and is an interesting alternative for food industry. The main objective of this research was the revaluation of the quinoa grain through its integral exploitation using its ground grains or co-products in the development of sensorially accepted bakery products with an impact on health. On the one hand, the potential of whole quinoa flour was studied from the techno-functional, nutritional and antioxidant point of view and the food products derived from its inclusion were characterized. The replacement of refined wheat flour by white, red and black varieties of bolivian Royal Quinoa generated slight technological losses in the developed products, such as the reduction of the volume of the bread pieces and the corresponding increase in the firmness of their crumbs. However, a significant improvement in the nutritional profile, polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity, added to a general acceptance by consumers, was conclusive to propose the partial replacement of flour by quinoa as a strategy for nutritional improvement of bakery products manufacturing. Moreover, the fractioning of the different anatomical parts and / or components of quinoa grain that could be ingredients with added value in food industry was address. For this, the processes currently used in the first cereal processing industry were adapted, in particular the wheat dry milling or maize wet milling industry. The developed wet milling process allowed the isolation of the main components of the quinoa grain. The focus was on the starch fraction, for its multiple applications in food industry, and also in the fibre fraction for its clear association with health and because its use in the food industry still means a technological and sensory challenge. The physicochemical characterization obtained from the starch-rich fraction showed a high percentage of recovery and a remarkable absence of lipids that indicated an efficient separation of the germ during wet milling. At the same time, techno-functionality studies in terms of thermal and pasting properties showed different characteristics to those described in the literature for other starches and, therefore, offering new use possibilities. Regarding the fibre fraction obtained, its properties were compared with those of the fraction resulting from the dry milling process. Wet milling showed greater yield and recovery as well as a purer fibre fraction. Both fibre fractions stood out for their content in polyphenol and antioxidant activity, both parameters being higher in the fibre resulting from dry milling. The potential of the fibres as a bakery ingredient was studied, the products resulting from its inclusion presented a nutrient enrichment, dietary fiber, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity with respect to wheat control bread. However, wet milling generated a fraction of fiber with a smaller particle size than the one of dry milling, what produced products with lower quality. Although this research has focused on the improvement of bread products, the ingredients obtained presented characteristics that confer applicability in other food matrices.
- Published
- 2020
33. Estrategias biotecnológicas para reducir el contenido en fitatos en productos fermentados de origen vegetal mediante fitasas de bifidobacterias
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García Mantrana, Izaskun, Haros, Claudia Monika, Monedero García, Vicente, and Departament de Medicina Preventiva i Salut Pública, Ciències de l'Alimentació, Toxicologia i Medicina Legal
- Subjects
lactobacillus ,biodisponibilidad mineral ,fermentación ,fitatos ,ácido fítico ,fitasa ,masa madre ,cereales ,UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA ,pseudocereales ,bifidobacterias ,soja ,CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO] - Abstract
Los alimentos integrales de origen vegetal, concretamente, los cereales de grano entero y leguminosas se caracterizan por ser una fuente excelente de fibra dietética y poseer un elevado contenido en compuestos fitoquímicos. Además de proporcionar macronutrientes, como carbohidratos complejos y proteínas, también destacan por su contenido en micronutrientes como son las vitaminas y minerales. Sin embargo, su ingesta conlleva a la vez un aporte en sustancias antinutritivas, como los fitatos, con gran afinidad por minerales, proteínas y elementos traza, que pueden comprometer su absorción por formación de quelatos estables en el tracto digestivo. Una hidrólisis o defosforilación parcial de los fitatos disminuiría su capacidad quelante y en consecuencia el efecto negativo sobre la biodisponibilidad de minerales. La fitasa es la enzima capaz de hidrolizar los fitatos (InsP6) a ésteres de fosfato de mio-inositol de menor grado de fosforilación (InsP5-InsP1). Existen muchas investigaciones que han intentado reducir la cantidad de ácido fítico en alimentos mediante diversas estrategias en las que se incrementa la acción de las fitasas endógenas vegetales o se adiciona una fitasa exógena. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es desarrollar nuevos productos fermentados de origen vegetal, con elevada calidad nutricional, mediante el uso de alimentos integrales de origen vegetal empleando fitasas provenientes de bifidobacterias (microorganismos GRAS/QPS) para promover la hidrólisis de las sustancias antinutritivas asociadas a estos productos. Con el propósito de alcanzar este objetivo, se desarrollaron tres diferentes estrategias, siempre mediante el uso de fitasas provenientes de bifidobacterias. En un primer trabajo se utilizaron directamente las bifidobacterias productoras de fitasas. Posteriormente, en un segundo estudio, se aplicaron las fitasas aisladas y purificadas. Por último, en un tercer trabajo las fitasas de bifidobacterias fueron expresadas en una cepa del género Lactobacillus (principal género bacteriano implicado en procesos fermentativos). Tras la aplicación de las tres estrategias en el desarrollo de diversos alimentos fermentados de origen vegetal, se evaluó la calidad tanto tecnológica y nutricional como el contenido final en fitatos y productos de hidrólisis. Finalmente, se estimó la biodisponibilidad mineral resultante en base a las relaciones molares fitato/mineral en los alimentos obtenidos tras los diferentes tratamientos. Las estrategias utilizadas en este trabajo permitieron el desarrollo de nuevos productos vegetales fermentados con bajo contenido en fitatos y alto valor nutricional y funcional. Además, esta investigación puso de manifiesto la capacidad de modificar una cepa de L. casei para producir enzimas con relevancia tecnológica en aplicación de alimentos funcionales.
- Published
- 2015
34. Nuevas estrategias para incrementar la calidad nutricional de productos de panadería. Efecto sobre el contenido de fitatos y la biodisponibilidad de hierro en caco-2
- Author
-
Sanz Penella, Juan Mario, and Haros, Claudia Monika
- Subjects
Amaranth flour ,Amaranth ,Hydrolysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ingredient ,Bifidobacteria ,Mineral absorption ,Food science ,Fitato ,Whole cereal products ,Bran ,Chemistry ,business.industry ,Bifidobacterias productoras de fitasa ,Dietary fibre ,food and beverages ,Células caco-2 ,Salvado ,Pan integral ,Fosfatos de mio-inositol ,Fitasa ,Bioavailability ,Amaranto ,Biodisponibilidad de hierro ,Food processing ,Phytase ,Mineral bioavailability ,business ,Phytases - Abstract
255 páginas.-- Tesis Doctoral de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) y del Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC).-- Fecha de lectura: 09 de marzo de 2012, [EN]Whole cereal products, particularly breads, are valuable sources of dietary fibre, vitamins, minerals and phytochemical compounds. However, the bioavailability of minerals differs mainly due to the presence of phytate, which could decrease mineral bioavailability. Phytate is predominantly present in unprocessed food, but can be degraded during the germination of seeds or food processing. Hydrolysis of phytate to partially phosphorylated myo-inositol esters is a way to overcome the negative effect of phytate on mineral absorption. Many investigations have been carried out to reduce the amount of phytate in foods by different processes and/or the addition of exogenous phytases. The main objective of this investigation was to improve the nutritional value of bakery goods through new strategies for developing high quality products, providing more dietary fibre and higher mineral bioavailability. The inclusion of wheat bran at different levels and particle size with α-amylase and phytase enzymes; the use of phytase-producing bifidobacterial strains as new bakery starters; and the utility of whole amaranth flour as a potential nutritious breadmaking ingredient were the strategies proposed in order to reach the main goal. The nutritional, technological and sensorial quality of final products was evaluated. The effect of formulation on the phytate/mineral molar ratio, the iron dialyzability and ferritin formation in Caco-2 cells as a measure of cell Fe availability were also assessed. Combining wheat bran with amylolytic enzymes and phytase decreased the negative effect of bran addition on the rheology of the product and improve the hydrolysis of phytates. The use of phytase-producing bifidobacteria (GRAS/QPS), either through direct and indirect process, produced breads with similar characteristics in terms of technological and sensory quality comparing to controls, but with significantly lower amount of phytates. For preserving the product quality and increase the nutritional value, the amount of amaranth flour in bread formulation reached at a compromise value. The strategies investigated allowed to improve the nutritional value of new bakery products by including gradually whole grain flours, increasing the mineral and natural fibre contents, and decreasing the residual phytate with better iron accessibility. Iron bioavailability still was negatively affected by low residual phytate content, so further refinement of these developments is encouraged for reaching negligible levels or complete dephytinization in order to improve iron uptake., [ES]Los productos de cereales con grano entero, en particular el pan, son fuentes de fibra dietética, vitaminas, minerales y compuestos fitoquímicos. Sin embargo, la biodisponibilidad de los minerales se afecta principalmente debido a la presencia de fitatos que reducen su absorción. El fitato se encuentra principalmente en los alimentos no procesados, pero puede ser degradado durante la germinación de las semillas o el procesado de alimentos. La hidrólisis del fitato a fosfatos de mio-inositol de menor grado de fosforilación es una manera de reducir su efecto negativo sobre la absorción de minerales. Muchas investigaciones han intentado reducir la cantidad de fitatos en los alimentos mediante diferentes procesos o adición de fitasas exógenas. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue incrementar el valor nutricional de los productos derivados de cereales a través de nuevas estrategias para la elaboración de productos de panadería de alta calidad, proporcionando más fibra dietética y una mayor biodisponibilidad de minerales. La inclusión de salvado de trigo en diferentes niveles y tamaño de partícula, con α-amilasa y fitasa; el uso de bifidobacterias productoras de fitasa como nuevos iniciadores panarios; y la utilización de harina integral de amaranto como ingrediente nutritivo en panificación, fueron las estrategias propuestas para alcanzar el objetivo principal. Se evaluó la calidad nutricional, tecnológica y sensorial de los productos desarrollados. Asimismo, se estudió el efecto de la formulación en la relación molar fitato/mineral, la dializabilidad del hierro y la biosíntesis de ferritina en células Caco-2 como una medida de la absorción de este mineral. El salvado de trigo, en combinación con enzimas amilolíticas y fitasa, disminuyó el efecto negativo en la reología del producto y mejoró la hidrólisis de los fitatos. El uso de bifidobacterias productoras de fitasa (GRAS/PQS), tanto en proceso directo como indirecto, produjo panes con características tecnológicas y sensoriales similares a los controles, pero con una cantidad menor de fitatos. Se consiguió una proporción de compromiso de harina de amaranto en la formulación de pan para preservar la calidad del producto e incrementar su valor nutricional. Las estrategias investigadas permitieron mejorar nutricionalmente los nuevos productos de panadería mediante la inclusión gradual de salvado o harinas integrales, el incremento del contenido en minerales y fibra, y la reducción del fitato residual, mejorando la accesibilidad de hierro. La biodisponibilidad del hierro se vio afectada negativamente a pesar de la baja concentración de fitato residual, por lo que se propone optimizar los procesos para alcanzar una mayor reducción de fitatos que no influya en la absorción de este mineral., Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a la financiación del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España (MICINN, AGL2006-09613/ALI; CSD2007-00063) y el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC, 2006PL0015; 200870I229) además de la ayuda otorgada para la Formación de Personal Investigador (FPI).
- Published
- 2012
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