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Original Article, Introduction: Some patients exhibit extreme hypertension before anesthetic induction. Although it is important to avoid hypotension during anesthesia to prevent major postoperative complications, it remains unknown how anesthetic hypotension should be managed in patients with hypertension. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of postoperative complications and their associations with low blood pressure during surgery in patients with a systolic blood pressure >200 mmHg before anesthetic induction. Methods: We assessed the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic stroke. For postoperative AKI, we investigated the duration, between intubation and surgery initiation, for which the patients' mean arterial pressure (MAP) was below the threshold, and the duration from surgery initiation to the end of anesthesia. Based on these analyses, factors considered to be clinically associated with postoperative AKI were extracted and subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: In total, 274 patients were enrolled. Of these, 35 developed AKI and one experienced MI and ischemic stroke. The durations for which the MAP was

Original Article, Introduction: Some reports suggest that rifampicin treatment of vascular grafts is useful when surgically treating vascular infections and mycotic aneurysms. However, the experimental evidence is limited, and the antibacterial effects of other antibiotic-treated vascular grafts are unknown. Methods: Vascular grafts were immersed in several antibiotic solutions (rifampicin, colistin, vancomycin, or daptomycin). After Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 or Staphylococcus aureus N315 were inoculated into the graft exterior, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) inside and outside the grafts was measured over time. Moreover, bonding of colistin and vancomycin to the grafts was quantified. Results: For grafts immersed in rifampicin, the CFU values outside the grafts decreased over time and those inside the grafts did not increase when the grafts were exposed to a 106 CFU/mL concentration of PAO1 or N315. However, at 108 CFU/mL, the CFU values increased over time outside and inside the grafts. In PAO1 testing, grafts treated with colistin resisted pathogens in the tested area, and grafts treated with both colistin and rifampicin had even greater resistance. In N315 testing, vancomycin-treated grafts had some resistance to infection, but daptomycin-treated grafts did not. The bonding of colistin and vancomycin to the grafts depended on the immersion time. Conclusions: Rifampicin-bonded grafts have a strong antibacterial effect when the concentrations of pathogens are low. Colistin-bonded grafts are effective against P. aeruginosa infection, and vancomycin-bonded grafts are effective against S. aureus infection.

Objective: IL-6 plays critical roles in bone resorption and the pathogenesis of periodontitis in both inflammation and alveolar bone loss. A negative correlation was observed between periodontitis and truncal bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The C allele carriers of a genetic polymorphism IL-6-572G/C have higher levels of serum IL-6 compared to G allele carriers. We investigated the possible effect of IL-6-572G/C polymorphism on the relationship between low BMD and periodontitis in postmenopausal women. Subjects and methods: A total of 300 postmenopausal Japanese women who lived in Yokogoshi area of Niigata City, Japan, participated in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. The IL-6-572G/C genotypes were determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Bone mineral density (BMD) of right femoral neck and serum bone metabolism markers were measured. Low BMD was defined to have the BMD < 80% of the mean for young adults. Periodontal parameters at two sites per tooth were measured. Results: Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly lower in the IL-6-572G/G genotype (p = 0.025). In the -572G allele non-carriers, percentages of PPD > 4 mm sites were significantly higher in low BMD group compared with the healthy control group (p = 0.021). Logistic regression analysis revealed low BMD to be associated with periodontitis (Odds ratio = 1.736, p = 0.027) after adjusted with IL-6-572G carriage, age, serum albumin level. Conclusions: IL-6-572G/C polymorphism was not an independent risk factor of low BMD or periodontitis, but may affect the relationship between the two diseases in postmenopausal Japanese women., 学位の種類: 博士（歯学）. 報告番号: 甲第4009号. 学位記番号: 新大院博（歯）甲第322号. 学位授与年月日: 平成27年3月23日, Archives of Oral Biology. 2015, 60(4), 533-539., 新大院博（歯）甲第322号