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1. Ecological niche modeling for predicting the potential geographical distribution of Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae): A case study of Enugu State, Nigeria

Author

K. Omar, H.S. Thabet, R.A. TagEldin, C.C. Asadu, O.C. Chukwuekezie, J.C. Ochu, F.A. Dogunro, U.C. Nwangwu, O.C. Onwude, E.K. Ezihe, C.C. Anioke, and H. Arimoto

Subjects
Arboviruses, Habitat suitability, Prediction model, West Africa, Mosquito, MaxEnt, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Arbovirus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes has long been a significant problem in Africa. In West Africa, Aedes vector management faces significant challenges; lack of recent Aedes distributional data and potential distributional modeling hinder effective vector control and pose serious public health issues. In this study, larval and adult mosquitoes were collected from four study sites in Enugu State, Nigeria every other month between November 2017 and September 2018. A total number of 2997 Aedes mosquitoes were collected and identified, and 59 positive field occurrence points for both Aedes adult and larvae were recorded. A total of 18 positive occurrence points were used for modeling. Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) were used to estimate the current geographic distribution of Aedes species (spp.) in Enugu State, south-east Nigeria, and mosquito presence was used as a proxy for predicting risk of disease transmission. Maximum Entropy distribution modeling or “MaxEnt” was used for predicting the potential suitable habitats, using a portion of the occurrence records. A total of 23 environmental variables (19 bioclimatic and four topographic) were used to model the potential geographical distribution area under current climatic conditions. The most suitable habitat for Aedes spp. was predicted in the northern, central, and southeastern parts of Enugu State with some extensions in Anambra, Delta, and Edo States in the west, and Ebonyi State in the east. Seasonal temperature, precipitation of the wettest month, mean monthly temperature range, elevation, and precipitation of the driest months were the highest estimated main variable contributions associated with the distribution of Aedes spp. We found that Aedes spp. prefer to be situated in environmental conditions where precipitation of wettest month ranged from 265 to 330 mm, precipitation of driest quarter ranged from 25 to 75 mm while precipitation of wettest quarter ranged from 650 to 950 mm. Aedes mosquitoes, such as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, pose a significant threat to human health, hence, the results of this study will help decision makers to monitor the distribution of these species and establish a management plan for future national mosquito surveillance and control programs in Nigeria.

Published
2021
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2. Ecological niche modeling for predicting the potential geographical distribution of Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae): A case study of Enugu State, Nigeria

Author

H. Arimoto, R.A. TagEldin, F.A. Dogunro, C.C. Asadu, O.C. Chukwuekezie, C.C. Anioke, E.K. Ezihe, K. Omar, J.C. Ochu, U.C. Nwangwu, O.C. Onwude, and H.S. Thabet

Subjects
Delta, Epidemiology, Short Communication, education, Distribution (economics), Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Arbovirus, law.invention, Mosquito, law, Prediction model, West Africa, medicine, MaxEnt, Ecological niche, Aedes, biology, business.industry, Ecology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Environmental niche modelling, Infectious Diseases, Geography, Transmission (mechanics), Habitat, Habitat suitability, Ecological niche modeling, Parasitology, business, Arboviruses
Abstract

Arbovirus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes has long been a significant problem in Africa. In West Africa, Aedes vector management faces significant challenges; lack of recent Aedes distributional data and potential distributional modeling hinder effective vector control and pose serious public health issues. In this study, larval and adult mosquitoes were collected from four study sites in Enugu State, Nigeria every other month between November 2017 and September 2018. A total number of 2997 Aedes mosquitoes were collected and identified, and 59 positive field occurrence points for both Aedes adult and larvae were recorded. A total of 18 positive occurrence points were used for modeling. Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) were used to estimate the current geographic distribution of Aedes species (spp.) in Enugu State, south-east Nigeria, and mosquito presence was used as a proxy for predicting risk of disease transmission. Maximum Entropy distribution modeling or “MaxEnt” was used for predicting the potential suitable habitats, using a portion of the occurrence records. A total of 23 environmental variables (19 bioclimatic and four topographic) were used to model the potential geographical distribution area under current climatic conditions. The most suitable habitat for Aedes spp. was predicted in the northern, central, and southeastern parts of Enugu State with some extensions in Anambra, Delta, and Edo States in the west, and Ebonyi State in the east. Seasonal temperature, precipitation of the wettest month, mean monthly temperature range, elevation, and precipitation of the driest months were the highest estimated main variable contributions associated with the distribution of Aedes spp. We found that Aedes spp. prefer to be situated in environmental conditions where precipitation of wettest month ranged from 265 to 330 mm, precipitation of driest quarter ranged from 25 to 75 mm while precipitation of wettest quarter ranged from 650 to 950 mm. Aedes mosquitoes, such as Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, pose a significant threat to human health, hence, the results of this study will help decision makers to monitor the distribution of these species and establish a management plan for future national mosquito surveillance and control programs in Nigeria.

Published
2021

3. Spatial Distribution of PCR-Identified Species of Anopheles gambiae senu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) Across Three Eco-Vegetational Zones in Cross River State, Nigeria

Author

H S Thabet, R A TagEldin, N T Fahmy, J W Diclaro, A A Alaribe, E Ezedinachi, N S Nwachuku, F O Odey, and H Arimoto

Subjects
General Veterinary, Plasmodium falciparum, Nigeria, Mosquito Vectors, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Malaria, Infectious Diseases, Insect Science, parasitic diseases, Anopheles, Animals, Parasitology, Female, geographic locations
Abstract

Anopheles gambiae sensu lato complex (An. gambiae s.l.) describes a group of nine morphologically indistinguishable members that vary in their distribution, ability to transmit malaria, and susceptibility to pyrethroids. Here, we recorded the spatial patterns of PCR-identified An. gambiae s.l. complex species collected from four sites in Cross River State, Nigeria that represented three different ecological zones. Trapping was conducted between October 2015 and June 2016. Anopheles gambiae s.l. complex species identification was performed using species-specific primers followed by An. gambiae and An. coluzzii differentiation using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify ecological and seasonal variables closely associated with An. coluzzii and An. gambiae distribution. Out of 1,388 An. gambiae s.l. successfully amplified, 1,074 (77.4%) were An. coluzzii, 278 (20%) were An. gambiae, and 25 (1.8%) were hybrids (An. coluzzii/An. gambiae). A very small number of An. arabiensis (0.8%, n = 11) were also collected. Statistical analysis indicated that An. coluzzii is predominant in Guinea-savannah and tropical rainforest, and is highly associated with rainy seasons, while, An. gambiae is prevalent in mangrove swamp forest during dry seasons. Only 13 An. gambiae s.l. females were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). The sporozoite infection rate was higher in mangrove swamp forest (53.8%, n = 7) than in rain forest (38.5%, n = 5) followed by Guinea-savannah (7.7%, n = 1) ecological zones. These results provide important insights for strategic planning of malaria control programs in Nigeria.

Published
2021

4. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

Author

D. KLIONSKY, A. ABDEL-AZIZ, S. ABDELFATAH, M. ABDELLATIF, A. ABDOLI, S. ABEL, H. ABELIOVICH, M. ABILDGAARD, Y. ABUDU, A. ACEVEDO-AROZENA, I. ADAMOPOULOS, K. ADELI, T. ADOLPH, A. ADORNETTO, E. AFLAKI, G. AGAM, A. AGARWAL, B. AGGARWAL, M. AGNELLO, P. AGOSTINIS, J. AGREWALA, A. AGROTIS, P. AGUILAR, S. AHMAD, Z. AHMED, U. AHUMADA-CASTRO, S. AITS, S. AIZAWA, Y. AKKOC, T. AKOUMIANAKI, H. AKPINAR, A. AL-ABD, L. AL-AKRA, A. AL-GHARAIBEH, M. ALAOUI-JAMALI, S. ALBERTI, E. ALCOCER-GOMEZ, C. ALESSANDRI, M. ALI, M. AL-BARI, S. ALIWAINI, J. ALIZADEH, E. ALMACELLAS, A. ALMASAN, A. ALONSO, G. ALONSO, N. ALTAN-BONNET, D. ALTIERI, S. ALVES, C. DA COSTA, M. ALZAHARNA, M. AMADIO, C. AMANTINI, C. AMARAL, S. AMBROSIO, A. AMER, V. AMMANATHAN, Z. AN, S. ANDERSEN, S. ANDRABI, M. ANDRADE-SILVA, A. ANDRES, S. ANGELINI, D. ANN, U. ANOZIE, M. ANSARI, P. ANTAS, A. ANTEBI, Z. ANTON, T. ANWAR, L. APETOH, N. APOSTOLOVA, T. ARAKI, Y. ARAKI, K. ARASAKI, W. ARAUJO, J. ARAYA, C. ARDEN, M. AREVALO, S. ARGUELLES, E. ARIAS, J. ARIKKATH, H. ARIMOTO, A. ARIOSA, D. ARMSTRONG-JAMES, L. ARNAUNE-PELLOQUIN, A. AROCA, D. ARROYO, I. ARSOV, R. ARTERO, D. ASARO, M. ASCHNER, M. ASHRAFIZADEH, O. ASHUR-FABIAN, A. ATANASOV, A. AU, P. AUBERGER, H. AUNER, L. AURELIAN, R. AUTELLI, L. AVAGLIANO, Y. AVALOS, S. AVEIC, C. AVELEIRA, T. AVINWITTENBERG, Y. AYDIN, S. AYTON, S. AYYADEVARA, M. AZZOPARDI, M. BABA, J. BACKER, S. BACKUES, D. BAE, O. BAE, S. BAE, E. BAEHRECKE, A. BAEK, S. BAEK, G. BAGETTA, A. BAGNIEWSKA-ZADWORNA, H. BAI, J. BAI, X. BAI, Y. BAI, N. BAIRAGI, S. BAKSI, T. BALBI, C. BALDARI, W. BALDUINI, A. BALLABIO, M. BALLESTER, S. BALAZADEH, R. BALZAN, R. BANDOPADHYAY, S. BANERJEE, Y. BAO, M. BAPTISTA, A. BARACCA, C. BARBATI, A. BARGIELA, D. BARILA, P. BARLOW, S. BARMADA, E. BARREIRO, G. BARRETO, J. BARTEK, B. BARTEL, A. BARTOLOME, G. BARVE, S. BASAGOUDANAVAR, D. BASSHAM, R. JR, A. BASU, H. BATOKO, I. BATTEN, E. BAULIEU, B. BAUMGARNER, J. BAYRY, R. BEALE, I. BEAU, F. BEAUMATIN, L. BECHARA, G. BECK, M. BEERS, J. BEGUN, C. BEHRENDS, G. BEHRENS, R. BEI, E. BEJARANO, S. BEL, C. BEHL, A. BELAID, N. BELGAREH-TOUZE, C. BELLAROSA, F. BELLEUDI, M. PEREZ, R. BELLO-MORALES, J. BELTRAN, S. BELTRAN, D. BENBROOK, M. BENDORIUS, B. BENITEZ, I. BENITO-CUESTA, J. BENSALEM, M. BERCHTOLD, S. BEREZOWSKA, D. BERGAMASCHI, M. BERGAMI, A. BERGMANN, L. BERLIOCCHI, C. BERLIOZ-TORRENT, A. BERNARD, L. BERTHOUX, C. BESIRLI, S. BESTEIRO, V. BETIN, R. BEYAERT, J. BEZBRADICA, K. BHASKAR, I. BHATIA-KISSOVA, R. BHATTACHARYA, S. BHATTACHARYA, S. BHATTACHARYYA, M. BHUIYAN, S. BHUTIA, L. BI, X. BI, T. BIDEN, K. BIJIAN, V. BILLES, N. BINART, C. BINCOLETTO, A. BIRGISDOTTIR, G. BJORKOY, G. BLANCO, A. BLAS-GARCIA, J. BLASIAK, R. BLOMGRAN, K. BLOMGREN, J. BLUM, E. BOADA-ROMERO, M. BOBAN, K. BOESZEBATTAGLIA, P. BOEUF, B. BOLAND, P. BOMONT, P. BONALDO, S. BONAM, L. BONFILI, J. BONIFACINO, B. BOONE, M. BOOTMAN, M. BORDI, C. BORNER, B. BORNHAUSER, G. BORTHAKUR, J. BOSCH, S. BOSE, L. BOTANA, J. BOTAS, C. BOULANGER, M. BOULTON, M. BOURDENX, B. BOURGEOIS, N. BOURKE, G. BOUSQUET, P. BOYA, P. BOZHKOV, L. BOZI, T. BOZKURT, D. BRACKNEY, C. BRANDTS, R. BRAUN, G. BRAUS, R. BRAVO-SAGUA, J. BRAVO-SAN PEDRO, P. BREST, M. BRINGER, A. BRIONES-HERRERA, V. BROADDUS, P. BRODERSEN, E. ALVAREZ, J. BRODSKY, S. BRODY, P. BRONSON, J. BRONSTEIN, C. BROWN, R. BROWN, P. BRUM, J. BRUMELL, N. BRUNETTI-PIERRI, D. BRUNO, R. BRYSON-RICHARDSON, C. BUCCI, C. BUCHRIESER, M. BUENO, L. BUITRAGO-MOLINA, S. BURASCHI, S. BUCH, J. BUCHAN, E. BUCKINGHAM, H. BUDAK, M. BUDINI, G. BULTYNCK, F. BURADA, J. BURGOYNE, M. BURON, V. BUSTOS, S. BUTTNER, E. BUTTURINI, A. BYRD, I. CABAS, S. CABRERA-BENITEZ, K. CADWELL, J. CAI, L. CAI, Q. CAI, M. CAIRO, J. CALBET, G. CALDWELL, K. CALDWELL, J. CALL, R. CALVANI, A. CALVO, M. BARRERA, N. CAMARA, J. CAMONIS, N. CAMOUGRAND, M. CAMPANELLA, E. CAMPBELL, F. CAMPBELL-VALOIS, S. CAMPELLO, I. CAMPESI, J. CAMPOS, O. CAMUZARD, J. CANCINO, D. DE ALMEIDA, L. CANESI, I. CANIGGIA, B. CANONICO, C. CANTI, B. CAO, M. CARAGLIA, B. CARAMES, E. CARCHMAN, E. CARDENAL-MUNOZ, C. CARDENAS, L. CARDENAS, S. CARDOSO, J. CAREW, G. CARLE, G. CARLETON, S. CARLONI, D. CARMONA-GUTIERREZ, L. CARNEIRO, O. CARNEVALI, J. CAROSI, S. CARRA, A. CARRIER, L. CARRIER, B. CARROLL, A. CARTER, A. CARVALHO, M. CASANOVA, C. CASAS, J. CASAS, C. CASSIOLI, E. CASTILLO, K. CASTILLO, S. CASTILLO-LLUVA, F. CASTOLDI, M. CASTORI, A. CASTRO, M. CASTRO-CALDAS, J. CASTRO-HERNANDEZ, S. CASTRO-OBREGON, S. CATZ, C. CAVADAS, F. CAVALIERE, G. CAVALLINI, M. CAVINATO, M. CAYUELA, P. RICA, V. CECARINI, F. CECCONI, M. CECHOWSKA-PASKO, S. CENCI, V. CEPERUELO-MALLAFRE, J. CERQUEIRA, J. CERUTTI, D. CERVIA, V. CETINTAS, S. CETRULLO, H. CHAE, A. CHAGIN, C. CHAI, G. CHAKRABARTI, O. CHAKRABARTI, T. CHAKRABORTY, M. CHAMI, G. CHAMILOS, D. CHAN, E. CHAN, H. CHAN, M. CHAN, Y. CHAN, P. CHANDRA, C. CHANG, H. CHANG, K. CHANG, J. CHAO, T. CHAPMAN, N. CHARLET-BERGUERAND, S. CHATTERJEE, S. CHAUBE, A. CHAUDHARY, S. CHAUHAN, E. CHAUM, F. CHECLER, M. CHEETHAM, C. CHEN, G. CHEN, J. CHEN, L. CHEN, M. CHEN, N. CHEN, Q. CHEN, R. CHEN, S. CHEN, W. CHEN, X. CHEN, Y. CHEN, Z. CHEN, H. CHENG, J. CHENG, S. CHENG, W. CHENG, X. CHENG, Y. CHENG, Z. CHENG, H. CHEONG, J. CHEONG, B. CHERNYAK, S. CHERRY, C. CHEUNG, K. CHEUNG, E. CHEVET, R. CHI, A. CHIANG, F. CHIARADONNA, R. CHIARELLI, M. CHIARIELLO, N. CHICA, S. CHIOCCA, M. CHIONG, S. CHIOU, A. CHIRAMEL, V. CHIURCHIU, D. CHO, S. CHOE, A. CHOI, M. CHOI, K. CHOUDHURY, N. CHOW, C. CHU, J. CHUA, H. CHUNG, K. CHUNG, S. CHUNG, Y. CHUNG, V. CIANFANELLI, I. CIECHOMSKA, M. CIFUENTES, L. CINQUE, S. CIRAK, M. CIRONE, M. CLAGUE, R. CLARKE, E. CLEMENTI, E. COCCIA, P. CODOGNO, E. COHEN, M. COHEN, T. COLASANTI, F. COLASUONNO, R. COLBERT, A. COLELL, N. COLL, M. COLLINS, M. COLOMBO, D. COLON-RAMOS, L. COMBARET, S. COMINCINI, M. COMINETTI, A. CONSIGLIO, A. CONTE, F. CONTI, V. CONTU, M. COOKSON, K. COOMBS, I. COPPENS, M. CORASANITI, D. CORKERY, N. CORDES, K. CORTESE, M. COSTA, S. COSTANTINO, P. COSTELLI, A. COTO-MONTES, P. CRACK, J. CRESPO, A. CRIOLLO, V. CRIPPA, R. CRISTOFANI, T. CSIZMADIA, A. CUADRADO, B. CUI, J. CUI, Y. CUI, E. CULETTO, A. CUMINO, A. CYBULSKY, M. CZAJA, S. CZUCZWAR, S. D'ADAMO, M. D'AMELIO, D. D'ARCANGELO, A. D'LUGOS, G. D'ORAZI, J. DA SILVA, H. DAFSARI, R. DAGDA, Y. DAGDAS, M. DAGLIA, X. DAI, Y. DAI, J. DAL COL, P. DALHAIMER, L. DALLA VALLE, T. DALLENGA, G. DALMASSO, M. DAMME, I. DANDO, N. DANTUMA, A. DARLING, H. DAS, S. DASARATHY, S. DASARI, S. DASH, O. DAUMKE, A. DAUPHINEE, J. DAVIES, V. DAVILA, R. DAVIS, T. DAVIS, S. NAIDU, F. DE AMICIS, K. DE BOSSCHER, F. DE FELICE, L. DE FRANCESCHI, C. DE LEONIBUS, M. BARBOSA, G. DE MEYER, A. DE MILITO, C. DE NUNZIO, C. DE PALMA, M. DE SANTI, C. DE VIRGILIO, D. DE ZIO, J. DEBNATH, B. DEBOSCH, J. DECUYPERE, M. DEEHAN, G. DEFLORIAN, J. DEGREGORI, B. DEHAY, G. DEL RIO, J. DELANEY, L. DELBRIDGE, E. DELORME-AXFORD, M. DELPINO, F. DEMARCHI, V. DEMBITZ, N. DEMERS, H. DENG, Z. DENG, J. DENGJEL, P. DENT, D. DENTON, M. DEPAMPHILIS, C. DER, V. DERETIC, A. DESCOTEAUX, L. DEVIS, S. DEVKOTA, O. DEVUYST, G. DEWSON, M. DHARMASIVAM, R. DHIMAN, D. DI BERNARDO, M. DI CRISTINA, F. DI DOMENICO, P. DI FAZIO, A. DI FONZO, G. DI GUARDO, G. DI GUGLIELMO, L. DI LEO, C. DI MALTA, A. DI NARDO, M. DI RIENZO, F. DI SANO, G. DIALLINAS, J. DIAO, G. DIAZ-ARAYA, I. DIAZ-LAVIADA, J. DICKINSON, M. DIEDERICH, M. DIEUDE, I. DIKIC, S. DING, W. DING, L. DINI, M. DINIC, A. DINKOVA-KOSTOVA, M. DIONNE, J. DISTLER, A. DIWAN, I. DIXON, M. DJAVAHERI-MERGNY, I. DOBRINSKI, O. DOBROVINSKAYA, R. DOBROWOLSKI, R. DOBSON, S. EMRE, M. DONADELLI, B. DONG, X. DONG, Z. DONG, G. II, V. DOTSCH, H. DOU, J. DOU, M. DOWAIDAR, S. DRIDI, L. DRUCKER, A. DU, C. DU, G. DU, H. DU, L. DU, A. DU TOIT, S. DUAN, X. DUAN, S. DUARTE, A. DUBROVSKA, E. DUNLOP, N. DUPONT, R. DURAN, B. DWARAKANATH, S. DYSHLOVOY, D. EBRAHIMI-FAKHARI, L. ECKHART, C. EDELSTEIN, T. EFFERTH, E. EFTEKHARPOUR, L. EICHINGER, N. EID, T. EISENBERG, N. EISSA, S. EISSA, M. EJARQUE, A. EL ANDALOUSSI, N. EL-HAGE, S. EL-NAGGAR, A. ELEUTERI, E. EL-SHAFEY, M. ELGENDY, A. ELIOPOULOS, M. ELIZALDE, P. ELKS, H. ELSASSER, E. ELSHERBINY, B. EMERLING, N. EMRE, C. ENG, N. ENGEDAL, A. ENGELBRECHT, A. ENGELSEN, J. ENSERINK, R. ESCALANTE, A. ESCLATINE, M. ESCOBAR-HENRIQUES, E. ESKELINEN, L. ESPERT, M. EUSEBIO, G. FABRIAS, C. FABRIZI, A. FACCHIANO, F. FACCHIANO, B. FADEEL, C. FADER, A. FAESEN, W. FAIRLIE, A. FALCO, B. FALKENBURGER, D. FAN, J. FAN, Y. FAN, E. FANG, Y. FANG, M. FANTO, T. FARFEL-BECKER, M. FAURE, G. FAZELI, A. FEDELE, A. FELDMAN, D. FENG, J. FENG, L. FENG, Y. FENG, W. FENG, T. ARAUJO, T. FERGUSON, J. FERNANDEZ-CHECA, S. FERNANDEZVELEDO, A. FERNIE, A. FERRANTE, A. FERRARESI, M. FERRARI, J. FERREIRA, S. FERRO-NOVICK, A. FIGUERAS, R. FILADI, N. FILIGHEDDU, E. FILIPPICHIELA, G. FILOMENI, G. FIMIA, V. FINESCHI, F. FINETTI, S. FINKBEINER, E. FISHER, P. FISHER, F. FLAMIGNI, S. FLIESLER, T. FLO, I. FLORANCE, O. FLOREY, T. FLORIO, E. FODOR, C. FOLLO, E. FON, A. FORLINO, F. FORNAI, P. FORTINI, A. FRACASSI, A. FRALDI, B. FRANCO, R. FRANCO, F. FRANCONI, L. FRANKEL, S. FRIEDMAN, L. FROHLICH, G. FRUHBECK, J. FUENTES, Y. FUJIKI, N. FUJITA, Y. FUJIWARA, M. FUKUDA, S. FULDA, L. FURIC, N. FURUYA, C. FUSCO, M. GACK, L. GAFFKE, S. GALADARI, A. GALASSO, M. GALINDO, S. KANKANAMALAGE, L. GALLUZZI, V. GALY, N. GAMMOH, B. GAN, I. GANLEY, F. GAO, H. GAO, M. GAO, P. GAO, S. GAO, W. GAO, X. GAO, A. GARCERA, M. GARCIA, V. GARCIA, F. GARCIA-DEL PORTILLO, V. GARCIA-ESCUDERO, A. GARCIAGARCIA, M. GARCIA-MACIA, D. GARCIA-MORENO, C. GARCIA-RUIZ, P. GARCIA-SANZ, A. GARG, R. GARGINI, T. GAROFALO, R. GARRY, N. GASSEN, D. GATICA, L. GE, W. GE, R. GEISS-FRIEDLANDER, C. GELFI, P. GENSCHIK, I. GENTLE, V. GERBINO, C. GERHARDT, K. GERMAIN, M. GERMAIN, D. GEWIRTZ, E. AFSHAR, S. GHAVAMI, A. GHIGO, M. GHOSH, G. GIAMAS, C. GIAMPIETRI, A. GIATROMANOLAKI, G. GIBSON, S. GIBSON, V. GINET, E. GINIGER, C. GIORGI, H. GIRAO, S. GIRARDIN, M. GIRIDHARAN, S. GIULIANO, C. GIULIVI, S. GIURIATO, J. GIUSTINIANI, A. GLUSCHKO, V. GODER, A. GOGINASHVILI, J. GOLAB, D. GOLDSTONE, A. GOLEBIEWSKA, L. GOMES, R. GOMEZ, R. GOMEZ-SANCHEZ, M. GOMEZ-PUERTO, R. GOMEZ-SINTES, Q. GONG, F. GONI, J. GONZALEZ-GALLEGO, T. GONZALEZ-HERNANDEZ, R. GONZALEZ-POLO, J. GONZALEZ-REYES, P. GONZALEZ-RODRIGUEZ, I. GOPING, M. GORBATYUK, N. GORBUNOV, R. GOROJOD, S. GORSKI, S. GORUPPI, C. GOTOR, R. GOTTLIEB, I. GOZES, D. GOZUACIK, M. GRAEF, M. GRALER, V. GRANATIERO, D. GRASSO, J. GRAY, D. GREEN, A. GREENHOUGH, S. GREGORY, E. GRIFFIN, M. GRINSTAFF, F. GROS, C. GROSE, A. GROSS, F. GRUBER, P. GRUMATI, T. GRUNE, X. GU, J. GUAN, C. GUARDIA, K. GUDA, F. GUERRA, C. GUERRI, P. GUHA, C. GUILLEN, S. GUJAR, A. GUKOVSKAYA, I. GUKOVSKY, J. GUNST, A. GUNTHER, A. GUNTUR, C. GUO, H. GUO, L. GUO, M. GUO, P. GUPTA, A. FERNANDEZ, S. GUPTA, V. GUPTA, A. GUSTAFSSON, D. GUTTERMAN, H. RANJITHA, A. HAAPASALO, J. HABER, S. HADANO, A. HAFREN, M. HAIDAR, B. HALL, G. HALLDEN, A. HAMACHER-BRADY, A. HAMANN, M. HAMASAKI, W. HAN, M. HANSEN, P. HANSON, Z. HAO, M. HARADA, L. 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REN, T. RENAULT, G. RENGA, K. REUE, K. REWITZ, B. RAMOS, S. RIAZUDDIN, T. RIBEIRO-RODRIGUES, J. RICCI, R. RICCI, V. RICCIO, D. RICHARDSON, Y. RIKIHISA, M. RISBUD, R. RISUENO, K. RITIS, S. RIZZA, R. RIZZUTO, H. ROBERTS, L. ROBERTS, K. ROBINSON, M. ROCCHERI, S. ROCCHI, G. RODNEY, T. RODRIGUES, V. SILVA, A. RODRIGUEZ, R. RODRIGUEZ-BARRUECO, N. RODRIGUEZ-HENCHE, H. RODRIGUEZ-ROCHA, J. ROELOFS, R. ROGERS, V. ROGOV, A. ROJO, K. ROLKA, V. ROMANELLO, L. ROMANI, A. ROMANO, P. ROMANO, D. ROMEO-GUITART, L. ROMERO, M. ROMERO, J. RONEY, C. RONGO, S. ROPERTO, M. ROSENFELDT, P. ROSENSTIEL, A. ROSENWALD, K. ROTH, L. ROTH, S. ROTH, K. ROUSCHOP, B. ROUSSEL, S. ROUX, P. ROVERE-QUERINI, A. ROY, A. ROZIERES, D. RUANO, D. RUBINSZTEIN, M. RUBTSOVA, K. RUCKDESCHEL, C. RUCKENSTUHL, E. RUDOLF, R. RUDOLF, A. RUGGIERI, A. RUPARELIA, P. RUSMINI, R. RUSSELL, G. RUSSO, M. RUSSO, R. RUSSO, O. RYABAYA, K. RYAN, K. RYU, M. SABATER-ARCIS, U. SACHDEV, M. SACHER, C. SACHSE, A. SADHU, J. SADOSHIMA, N. SAFREN, P. SAFTIG, A. SAGONA, G. SAHAY, A. SAHEBKAR, M. SAHIN, O. SAHIN, S. SAHNI, N. SAITO, S. SAITO, T. SAITO, R. SAKAI, Y. SAKAI, J. SAKAMAKI, K. SAKSELA, G. SALAZAR, A. SALAZAR-DEGRACIA, G. SALEKDEH, A. SALUJA, B. SAMPAIO-MARQUES, M. SANCHEZ, J. SANCHEZ-ALCAZAR, V. SANCHEZ-VERA, V. SANCHO-SHIMIZU, J. SANDERSON, M. SANDRI, S. SANTAGUIDA, L. SANTAMBROGIO, M. SANTANA, G. SANTONI, A. SANZ, P. SANZ, S. SARAN, M. SARDIELLO, T. SARGEANT, A. SARIN, C. SARKAR, S. SARKAR, M. SARRIAS, D. SARMAH, J. SARPARANTA, A. SATHYANARAYAN, R. SATHYANARAYANAN, K. SCAGLIONE, F. SCATOZZA, L. SCHAEFER, Z. SCHAFER, U. SCHAIBLE, A. SCHAPIRA, M. SCHARL, H. SCHATZL, C. SCHEIN, W. SCHEPER, D. SCHEURING, M. SCHIAFFINO, M. SCHIAPPACASSI, R. SCHINDL, U. SCHLATTNER, O. SCHMIDT, R. SCHMITT, S. SCHMIDT, I. SCHMITZ, E. SCHMUKLER, A. SCHNEIDER, B. SCHNEIDER, R. SCHOBER, A. SCHOIJET, M. SCHOTT, M. SCHRAMM, B. SCHRODER, K. SCHUH, C. SCHULLER, R. SCHULZE, L. SCHURMANNS, J. SCHWAMBORN, M. SCHWARTEN, F. SCIALO, S. SCIARRETTA, M. SCOTT, K. SCOTTO, A. SCOVASSI, A. SCRIMA, A. SCRIVO, D. SEBASTIAN, S. SEBTI, S. SEDEJ, L. SEGATORI, N. SEGEV, P. SEGLEN, I. SEILIEZ, E. SEKI, S. SELLECK, F. SELLKE, A. PEREZ-LARA, J. SELSBY, M. SENDTNER, S. SENTURK, E. SERANOVA, C. SERGI, R. SERRA-MORENO, H. SESAKI, C. SETTEMBRE, S. SETTY, G. SGARBI, O. SHA, J. SHACKA, J. SHAH, D. SHANG, C. SHAO, F. SHAO, S. SHARBATI, L. SHARKEY, D. SHARMA, G. SHARMA, K. SHARMA, P. SHARMA, S. SHARMA, H. SHEN, J. SHEN, M. SHEN, W. SHEN, Z. SHEN, R. SHENG, Z. SHENG, J. SHI, X. SHI, Y. SHI, K. SHIBA-FUKUSHIMA, J. SHIEH, Y. SHIMADA, S. SHIMIZU, M. SHIMOZAWA, T. SHINTANI, C. SHOEMAKER, S. SHOJAEI, I. SHOJI, B. SHRAVAGE, V. SHRIDHAR, C. SHU, H. SHU, K. SHUI, A. SHUKLA, T. SHUTT, V. SICA, A. SIDDIQUI, A. SIERRA, V. SIERRA-TORRE, S. SIGNORELLI, P. SIL, B. SILVA, J. SILVA, E. SILVA-PAVEZ, S. SILVENTE-POIROT, R. SIMMONDS, A. SIMON, H. SIMON, M. SIMONS, A. SINGH, L. SINGH, R. SINGH, S. SINGH, D. SINHA, R. SINHA, S. SINHA, A. SIRKO, K. SIROHI, E. SIVRIDIS, P. SKENDROS, A. SKIRYCZ, I. SLANINOVA, S. SMAILI, A. SMERTENKO, M. SMITH, S. SOENEN, E. SOHN, S. SOK, G. SOLAINI, T. SOLDATI, S. SOLEIMANPOUR, R. SOLER, A. SOLOVCHENKO, J. SOMARELLI, A. SONAWANE, F. SONG, H. SONG, J. SONG, K. SONG, Z. SONG, L. SORIA, M. SORICE, A. SOUKAS, S. SOUKUP, D. SOUSA, N. SOUSA, P. SPAGNUOLO, S. SPECTOR, M. BHARATH, D. ST CLAIR, V. STAGNI, L. STAIANO, C. STALNECKER, M. STANKOV, P. STATHOPULOS, K. STEFAN, S. STEFAN, L. STEFANIS, J. STEFFAN, A. STEINKASSERER, H. STENMARK, J. STERNECKERT, C. STEVENS, V. STOKA, S. STORCH, B. STORK, F. STRAPPAZZON, A. STROHECKER, D. STUPACK, H. SU, L. SU, A. SUAREZFONTES, C. SUBAUSTE, S. SUBBIAN, P. SUBIRADA, G. SUDHANDIRAN, C. SUE, X. SUI, C. SUMMERS, G. SUN, J. SUN, K. SUN, M. SUN, Q. SUN, Y. SUN, Z. SUN, K. SUNAHARA, E. SUNDBERG, K. SUSZTAK, P. SUTOVSKY, H. SUZUKI, G. SWEENEY, J. SYMONS, S. SZE, N. SZEWCZYK, C. TABOLACCI, F. TACKE, H. TAEGTMEYER, M. TAFANI, M. TAGAYA, H. TAI, S. TAIT, Y. TAKAHASHI, S. TAKATS, P. TALWAR, C. TAM, S. TAM, D. TAMPELLINI, A. TAMURA, C. TAN, E. TAN, Y. TAN, M. TANAKA, D. TANG, J. TANG, T. TANG, I. TANIDA, Z. TAO, M. TAOUIS, L. TATENHORST, N. TAVERNARAKIS, A. TAYLOR, G. TAYLOR, J. TAYLOR, E. TCHETINA, A. TEE, I. TEGEDER, D. TEIS, N. TEIXEIRA, F. TEIXEIRA-CLERC, K. TEKIRDAG, T. TENCOMNAO, S. TENREIRO, A. TEPIKIN, P. TESTILLANO, G. TETTAMANTI, P. THARAUX, K. THEDIECK, A. THEKKINGHAT, S. THELLUNG, J. THINWA, V. THIRUMALAIKUMAR, S. THOMAS, P. THOMES, A. THORBURN, L. THUKRAL, T. THUM, M. THUMM, L. TIAN, A. TICHY, A. TILL, V. TIMMERMAN, V. TITORENKO, S. TODI, K. TODOROVA, J. TOIVONEN, L. TOMAIPITINCA, D. TOMAR, C. TOMAS-ZAPICO, B. TONG, C. TONG, X. TONG, S. TOOZE, M. TORGERSEN, S. TORII, L. TORRES-LOPEZ, A. TORRIGLIA, C. TOWERS, R. TOWNS, S. TOYOKUNI, V. TRAJKOVIC, D. TRAMONTANO, Q. TRAN, L. TRAVASSOS, C. TRELFORD, S. TREMEL, I. TROUGAKOS, B. TSAO, M. TSCHAN, H. TSE, T. TSE, H. TSUGAWA, A. TSVETKOV, D. TUMBARELLO, Y. TUMTAS, M. TUNON, S. TURCOTTE, B. TURK, V. TURK, B. TURNER, R. TUXWORTH, J. TYLER, E. TYUTEREVA, Y. UCHIYAMA, A. UGUNKLUSEK, H. UHLIG, I. ULASOV, M. UMEKAWA, C. UNGERMANN, R. UNNO, S. URBE, E. URIBE-CARRETERO, S. USTUN, V. UVERSKY, T. VACCARI, M. VACCARO, B. VAHSEN, H. VAKIFAHMETOGLU-NORBERG, R. VALDOR, M. VALENTE, A. VALKO, R. VALLEE, A. VALVERDE, G. VAN DEN BERGHE, S. VAN DER VEEN, L. VAN KAER, J. VAN LOOSDREGT, S. VAN WIJK, W. VANDENBERGHE, I. VANHOREBEEK, M. VANNIER-SANTOS, N. VANNINI, M. VANRELL, C. VANTAGGIATO, G. VARANO, I. VARELA-NIETO, M. VARGA, M. VASCONCELOS, S. VATS, D. VAVVAS, I. VEGANAREDO, S. VEGA-RUBIN-DE-CELIS, G. VELASCO, A. VELAZQUEZ, T. VELLAI, E. VELLENGA, F. VELOTTI, M. VERDIER, P. VERGINIS, I. VERGNE, P. VERKADE, M. VERMA, P. VERSTREKEN, T. VERVLIET, J. VERVOORTS, A. VESSONI, V. VICTOR, M. VIDAL, C. VIDONI, O. VIEIRA, R. VIERSTRA, S. VIGANO, H. VIHINEN, V. VIJAYAN, M. VILA, M. VILAR, J. VILLALBA, A. VILLALOBO, B. VILLAREJO-ZORI, F. VILLARROYA, J. VILLARROYA, O. VINCENT, C. VINDIS, C. VIRET, M. VISCOMI, D. VISNJIC, I. VITALE, D. VOCADLO, O. VOITSEKHOVSKAJA, C. VOLONTE, M. VOLTA, M. VOMERO, C. VON HAEFEN, M. VOOIJS, W. VOOS, L. VUCICEVIC, R. WADE-MARTINS, S. WAGURI, K. WAITE, S. WAKATSUKI, D. WALKER, M. WALKER, S. WALKER, J. WALTER, F. WANDOSELL, B. WANG, C. WANG, D. WANG, F. WANG, G. WANG, H. WANG, J. WANG, K. WANG, L. WANG, M. WANG, N. WANG, P. WANG, Q. WANG, W. WANG, X. WANG, Y. WANG, Z. WANG, G. WARNES, V. WARNSMANN, H. WATADA, E. WATANABE, M. WATCHON, T. WEAVER, G. WEGRZYN, A. WEHMAN, H. WEI, L. WEI, T. WEI, Y. WEI, O. WEIERGRABER, C. WEIHL, G. WEINDL, R. WEISKIRCHEN, A. WELLS, R. WEN, X. WEN, A. WERNER, B. WEYKOPF, S. WHEATLEY, J. WHITTON, A. WHITWORTH, K. WIKTORSKA, M. WILDENBERG, T. WILEMAN, S. WILKINSON, D. WILLBOLD, B. WILLIAMS, R. WILLIAMS, P. WILLIAMSON, R. WILSON, B. WINNER, N. WINSOR, S. WITKIN, H. WODRICH, U. WOEHLBIER, T. WOLLERT, E. WONG, J. WONG, R. WONG, V. WONG, W. WONG, A. WU, C. WU, J. WU, K. WU, M. WU, S. WU, W. WU, X. WU, Y. WU, R. XAVIER, H. XIA, L. XIA, Z. XIA, G. XIANG, J. XIANG, M. XIANG, W. XIANG, B. XIAO, G. XIAO, H. XIAO, J. XIAO, L. XIAO, S. XIAO, Y. XIAO, B. XIE, C. XIE, M. XIE, Y. XIE, Z. XIE, M. XILOURI, C. XU, E. XU, H. XU, J. XU, L. XU, W. XU, X. XU, Y. XUE, S. YAKHINE-DIOP, M. YAMAGUCHI, O. YAMAGUCHI, A. YAMAMOTO, S. YAMASHINA, S. YAN, Z. YAN, Y. YANAGI, C. YANG, D. YANG, H. YANG, J. YANG, L. YANG, M. YANG, P. YANG, Q. YANG, S. YANG, W. YANG, X. YANG, Y. YANG, H. YAO, S. YAO, X. YAO, Y. YAO, T. YASUI, M. YAZDANKHAH, P. YEN, C. YI, X. YIN, Y. YIN, Z. YIN, M. YING, Z. YING, C. YIP, S. YIU, Y. YOO, K. YOSHIDA, S. YOSHII, T. YOSHIMORI, B. YOUSEFI, B. YU, H. YU, J. YU, L. YU, M. YU, S. YU, V. YU, W. YU, Z. YU, J. YUAN, L. YUAN, S. YUAN, Y. YUAN, Z. YUAN, J. YUE, Z. YUE, J. YUN, R. YUNG, D. ZACKS, G. ZAFFAGNINI, V. ZAMBELLI, I. ZANELLA, Q. ZANG, S. ZANIVAN, S. ZAPPAVIGNA, P. ZARAGOZA, K. ZARBALIS, A. ZAREBKOHAN, A. ZARROUK, S. ZEITLIN, J. ZENG, E. ZEROVNIK, L. ZHAN, B. ZHANG, D. ZHANG, H. ZHANG, J. ZHANG, K. ZHANG, L. ZHANG, M. ZHANG, P. ZHANG, S. ZHANG, W. ZHANG, X. ZHANG, Y. ZHANG, Z. ZHANG, H. ZHAO, L. ZHAO, S. ZHAO, T. ZHAO, X. ZHAO, Y. ZHAO, G. ZHENG, K. ZHENG, L. ZHENG, S. ZHENG, X. ZHENG, Y. ZHENG, Z. ZHENG, B. ZHIVOTOVSKY, Q. ZHONG, A. ZHOU, B. ZHOU, C. ZHOU, G. ZHOU, H. ZHOU, J. ZHOU, K. ZHOU, R. ZHOU, X. ZHOU, Y. ZHOU, Z. ZHOU, B. ZHU, C. ZHU, G. ZHU, H. ZHU, W. ZHU, Y. ZHU, H. ZHUANG, X. ZHUANG, K. ZIENTARA-RYTTER, C. ZIMMERMANN, E. ZIVIANI, T. ZOLADEK, W. ZONG, D. ZOROV, A. ZORZANO, W. ZOU, Z. ZOU, S. ZURYN, W. ZWERSCHKE, B. BRAND-SABERI, C. KENCHAPPA, S. OSHIMA, Y. RONG, J. SLUIMER, and C. STALLINGS

Subjects
flux, macroautophagy, phagophore, stress, vacuole, Autophagosome, LC3, lysosome, neurodegeneration, cancer
Abstract

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.

Published
2021

6. Stroke Volume Variation as a Predictor of Fluid Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Airway Pressure Release Ventilation

Author

H Rinka, A Fuke, T Miyaichi, Koichi Suehiro, J Ishikawa, and H Arimoto

Subjects
Adult, Male, Mean arterial pressure, Central Venous Pressure, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiac index, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Airway pressure release ventilation, Intravascular volume status, Humans, Medicine, Continuous positive airway pressure, Aged, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, business.industry, Central venous pressure, Stroke Volume, Stroke volume, Middle Aged, Confidence interval, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, ROC Curve, Anesthesia, Female, business
Abstract

We investigated the effectiveness of stroke volume variation (SVV) shown by the Vigileo-FloTrac™ system (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) to predict fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing airway pressure release ventilation (APRV). All 80 patients mechanically ventilated in the intensive care unit of our hospital from April to November 2010 were included in this study. After starting APRV, Ringer's lactate solution was administered for 30 minutes. Haemodynamic variables including heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac index (CI), stroke volume index (SVI) and SVV were measured before and after volume loading. SVV before volume loading was significantly correlated with absolute change in SVV (ΔSVV) and percentage change in stroke volume index (ΔSVI) after volume loading (ΔSVV: P

Published
2012
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7. Evaluation of complications of administration for tolvaptan after fluid resuscitation in critical care

Author

T Morooka, J Ishikawa, H Rinka, H Arimoto, T Morimoto, A Fuke, T Miyaichi, and K Shigemitsu

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Resuscitation, business.industry, Tolvaptan, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Critical care nursing, Poster Presentation, medicine, Medical emergency, Intensive care medicine, business, Administration (government), medicine.drug
Published
2015

8. Burning plasma simulation of TR-1 tokamak and HR-1 helical reactors

Author

T.J. Dolan, Y. Higashiyama, H. Arimoto, Y. Sakawa, T. Shoji, Yu. Igitkhanov, J. Garcia, Kozo Yamazaki, T. Sawafuji, and J. Dies

Subjects
Tokamak, Toroid, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Nuclear engineering, Energy balance, Plasma, Fusion power, law.invention, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Ignition system, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Physics::Plasma Physics, law, Beta (plasma physics), General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

For comparative assessment of tokamak and helical reactors, two base case reactor designs with 1 GW electric power output are introduced; high-field high-beta compact tokamak reactor TR-1 (major radius R = 5.2 m, magnetic field B = 7.1 T) and high-beta helical system HR-1 (R = 12.1 m, B = 4.6 T). Operational boundaries of both reactors are compared by the zero-dimensional energy balance model, which clarifies the difference between the higher temperature operational regime of TR-1 and the lower temperature regime of HR-1. These operational scenarios are reconfirmed by the toroidal transport analysis linkage (TOTAL) code coupling with two-dimensional equilibrium in the TOTAL-T tokamak code and three-dimensional equilibrium in the TOTAL-H helical code. The beta effect on confinement degradation and the impurity radiation effect on energy balance are found to make the ignition difficult in both systems.

Published
2006
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9. Advanced low voltage single chip radio IC

Author

H. Arimoto, Taiwa Okanobu, and H. Tomiyama

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Amplifier, Electrical engineering, Integrated circuit, law.invention, Amplitude modulation, Intermediate frequency, Single antenna interference cancellation, law, Media Technology, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Low voltage, Phase shift module, Frequency modulation
Abstract

A complete single chip radio IC technology is discussed. It was possible to include intermediate frequency (IF) filters in a radio IC by reducing the IF. Degradation of image interference characteristics can be avoided by image canceling circuits with inphase/quadrature mixers and a phase shift network. Two ICs were developed for FM-stereo/AM and AM-only radio by using this technology. The FM-stereo/AM radio IC can work at a supply voltage of 0.95-V. >

Published
1992
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10. Primary malignant lymphoma of the cavernous sinus--case report

Author

H, Arimoto, T, Shirotani, H, Nakau, K, Hashizume, Y, Sakai, and S, Matsukuma

Subjects
Diagnosis, Differential, Lymphoma, B-Cell, Trigeminal Ganglion, Brain Neoplasms, Humans, Cavernous Sinus, Female, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Middle Aged, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract

A 59-year-old female presented with a very rare case of primary malignant lymphoma of the cavernous sinus manifesting as diplopia and right facial hypesthesia. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed the tumor located in the right cavernous sinus as low intensity with marked enhancement by gadolinium. The tumor was partially removed by the transzygomatic extradural approach. The histological diagnosis was malignant lymphoma. Chest and abdominal computed tomography and gallium-67 scintigraphy revealed no other lesions in the body. The patient received conventional radiotherapy and her diplopia and right facial hypesthesia gradually improved. At 1 month after radiotherapy, MR imaging showed no evidence of residual tumor. Primary cavernous sinus malignant lymphoma is extremely rare, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cavernous sinus lesions. Histological confirmation of tumors in this region is essential for choosing the most appropriate treatment to achieve a better outcome.

Published
2002

11. Total Synthesis of Kendomycin

Author

H Arimoto, K Ogura, K Kitada, Y Emori, D Uemura, S Xu, and T Sengoku

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Kendomycin, Total synthesis, Organic chemistry
Published
2014
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12. Taxol and discodermolide represent a synergistic drug combination in human carcinoma cell lines

Author

L A, Martello, H M, McDaid, D L, Regl, C P, Yang, D, Meng, T R, Pettus, M D, Kaufman, H, Arimoto, S J, Danishefsky, A B, Smith, and S B, Horwitz

Subjects
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Lung Neoplasms, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Paclitaxel, Mitosis, Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Count, Drug Synergism, Flow Cytometry, Microtubules, Cell Line, Lactones, Thiazoles, Alkaloids, Epothilones, Pyrones, Alkanes, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Epoxy Compounds, Humans, Carbamates, Diterpenes, Cell Division, Cytoskeleton
Abstract

Recently, three natural products have been identified, the epothilones, eleutherobin, and discodermolide, whose mechanism of action is similar to that of Taxol in that they stabilize microtubules and block cells in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. In this report, we have compared and contrasted the effects of these new agents in Taxol-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. We also have taken advantage of a human lung carcinoma cell line, A549-T12, that was isolated as a Taxol-resistant cell line and found to require low concentrations of Taxol (2-6 nM) for normal cell division. This study then examined the ability of these new compounds to substitute for Taxol in sustaining the growth of A549-T12 cells. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry have both indicated that the epothilones and eleutherobin, but not discodermolide, can substitute for Taxol in this Taxol-dependent cell line. In A549-T12 cells, the presence of Taxol significantly amplified the cytotoxicity of discodermolide, and this phenomenon was not observed in combinations of Taxol with either the epothilones or eleutherobin. Median effect analysis using the combination index method revealed a schedule-independent synergistic interaction between Taxol and discodermolide in four human carcinoma cell lines, an effect that was not observed between Taxol and epothilone B. Flow cytometry revealed that concurrent exposure of A549 cells to Taxol and discodermolide at doses that do not induce mitotic arrest caused an increase in the hypodiploid population, thereby indicating that a possible mechanism for the observed synergy is the potentiation of apoptosis. Our results suggest that Taxol and discodermolide may constitute a promising chemotherapeutic combination.

Published
2000

13. Characterization of heavy masses of two-dimensional conduction subband in InGaAs/InAlAs MQW structures by pulsed cyclotron resonance technology

Author

K. Tanaka, Tomoyoshi Mishima, Eric D. Jones, Noboru Miura, Mineo Washima, N. Kotera, and H. Arimoto

Subjects
Condensed matter physics, business.industry, Chemistry, Band gap, Cyclotron resonance, Heterojunction, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, chemistry.chemical_compound, Effective mass (solid-state physics), Far infrared, Optoelectronics, business, Indium gallium arsenide, Quantum well, Molecular beam epitaxy
Abstract

Conduction -band effective masses in a direction parallel to the quantum well plane were investigated in n -type- modulation -doped InGaAs /InAlAs multi -quantum well system. Thicknesses of well and barrier were 5 and 10 nm.Three highly -doped specimens having about 1 x 1012 cm-2 per one quantum well were prepared by MBE. Double-crystal X -ray diffraction was used to check the crystal quality. Heavy electron effective masses. almost 50 %- bigger than the band edge mass of 0.041m0, were measured by far -infrared and infrared cyclotron resonances under pulse high magnetic fields up to 100 T. \'onparabolicity of this subband was less than 12% by comparing the two cyclotron resonances. Observed two- dimensional subband structure was quite different from conduction band in a directionperpendicular to the same quantum well and from that of GaAs /GaAIAs quantum well system.Keywords: infrared, far infrared, cyclotron resonance, effective mass, quantum well 1. INTRODUCTION As one of optoelectronic materials, InGaAs is widely used for 1.5- micron -band lasers and photodetectors. Electroni-cally, square potential wells confining electrons and holes in an InGaAs layer can be formed in In,Ga1 _TAs /InyAll _,BAsmulti- quantum wells (MQWs). When x =0.53 and y =0.52, those materials can be lattice- matched to the wafer sub

Published
1998
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14. Carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by irradiation alone. Results of treatment at the National Cancer Center, Tokyo

Author

Ryuichiro Tsunematsu, Kazuo Ohmi, Kajiura Y, H. Arimoto, Ogino T, T Yamada, T Sonoda, I. Tsukiyama, Kenjiro Tanemura, S. Egawa, and Yasuyuki Akine

Subjects
Adult, Brachytherapy, Intracavitary irradiation, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Carcinoma, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Irradiation, Radiation Injuries, Tokyo, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Invasive carcinoma, business.industry, External irradiation, Cancer, Radiotherapy Dosage, Hematology, General Medicine, Seed Implantation, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Uterine cervix, Oncology, Female, Nuclear medicine, business
Abstract

Six hundred and twelve patients with previously untreated invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated by irradiation alone at the National Cancer Hospital from 1972 to 1983. The number of patients was 7, 39, 43, 127, 15, 319, 28 and 34 in stages IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA and IVB respectively. Low-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation with or without external irradiation was used in 383 patients, high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation with or without external irradiation in 130, external irradiation alone in 98, and external irradiation combined with radon-222 seed implantation in one patient. Five-year-survival rates were 85, 65, 57, 41, 14, 11% for stages IB, IIA, IIB, IIIB, IVA, and IVB respectively. The rate of complications was rather high in the present series, and so we have been investigating whether it is possible to reduce the dose. Low-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation has been replaced by high-dose-rate irradiation by using a remotely controlled afterloading system.

Published
1990

16. [Untitled]

Author

H. Arimoto

Subjects
Property (philosophy), SILK, Polymers and Plastics, Polymer science, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Business, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
1980
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17. Trend of lung cancers in the National Cancer Center of Japan and comparison with that of Japanese pathological autopsy records

Author

S, Watanabe, S, Tsugane, H, Arimoto, Y, Shimosato, K, Suemasu, H, Arai, and Y, Urano

Subjects
Adult, Male, Lung Neoplasms, Japan, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Humans, Female, Autopsy, Adenocarcinoma, Carcinoma, Small Cell, Middle Aged
Abstract

Trends in the histologic types of lung cancers during 1966-1985 by 5-year intervals were analyzed by using 4,419 cases in the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan. Histologically confirmed cases increased to 76.6% in the last 5-year interval. The proportions of histological types in males have remained relatively unchanged; about 40% squamous cell carcinoma, one-third adenocarcinoma, and about 10% each of large cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and other types. In females, an increase of adenocarcinoma from 52% to 69.1% and a decrease of squamous cell carcinoma from 21% to 11.4% were noteworthy, and the other three types amounted to less than 10% each. These trends were compared with those obtained from the Annals of Pathological Autopsy Records in Japan during 1974-1983, which contained 26,844 lung cancer cases; the results were similar except for an increase of small cell carcinoma. The recent increase of small cell carcinoma was considered to be due to a change in diagnostic categorization, associated with a decreased rate of undifferentiated carcinoma. However, the increase of small cell carcinoma as well as adenocarcinoma in younger patients requires further study from both demographic and etiological viewpoints.

Published
1987

18. Dose response and growth rates of subcutaneous tumors induced with 3-methylcholanthrene in mice and timing of tumor origin

Author

H, Tanooka, K, Tanaka, and H, Arimoto

Subjects
Kinetics, Mice, Skin Neoplasms, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Animals, Mice, Inbred Strains, Neoplasms, Experimental, Cell Division, Methylcholanthrene
Abstract

The dose response of tumor induction after single s.c. injections of 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) into the groin of mice and the growth rates of the tumors formed were examined. The dose-response curve of tumor induction appeared to be linear at low doses of MC. Analysis of 182 sarcomas produced between 50 and 400 days after MC injection into WB and C3H/He mice, together with previous data on ICR/JCL mice, showed that there was no correlation between the volume-doubling time of tumors and the length of time before tumor appearance or the dose of carcinogen applied. The overall average volume-doubling time of sarcomas in the three strains of mice was 2.6 days. Assuming that a tumor originates from a single cell and that its growth rate before its appearance is constant, individual growth curves were extrapolated to the time of origin of each tumor. Histograms of the distribution of times of origin of tumors showed peaks at about 50 days after application of carcinogen. A one-hit and possibly two-stage type of tumor induction with MC is proposed.

Published
1982

19. Gastric cancer risk factors: a case-control study based on medical records

Author

H, Hoshino, T, Hirayama, H, Arimoto, K, Maruyama, H, Kitaoka, T, Yamada, T, Hirota, S, Watanabe, M, Tanaka, and S, Suzuki

Subjects
Adult, Male, Risk, Japan, Stomach Neoplasms, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking, Age Factors, Humans, Female, Middle Aged
Abstract

Four hundred and sixty gastric cancer patients who had undergone operation at the National Cancer Center Hospital and an equal number of age-matched controls were analyzed in order to estimate the influence of gastric cancer family inheritance and cigarette smoking habit. Relative risks for cigarette smoking habit, for gastric cancer family inheritance and for both were 2.88, 1.67 and 4.12, respectively. Earlier age of onset of gastric cancer was observed in the gastric cancer cases with both risk factors as compared with the other patients.

Published
1985

46. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccination: Findings From an Autopsy.

Author

Kawano F, Kato M, Tsuchida Y, Okawa J, and Arimoto H

Abstract

A male patient in his 80s was brought to our emergency room with a one-day history of general malaise and cough. He had received a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination seven days earlier. He initially presented with respiratory failure, and an alveolar hemorrhage was suspected. The patient was intubated and admitted to the intensive care unit. We suspected that the alveolar hemorrhage was caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Treatment including high-dose corticosteroid therapy and venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated, however, the patient did not respond to treatment and died 35 days after admission. Pathological autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and idiopathic diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) consistent with ARDS. ARDS should be considered as a differential diagnosis when a patient develops respiratory symptoms after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Kawano et al.)

Published
2024
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47. yaaJ , the tRNA-Specific Adenosine Deaminase, Is Dispensable in Bacillus subtilis .

Author

Soma A, Kubota A, Tomoe D, Ikeuchi Y, Kawamura F, Arimoto H, Shiwa Y, Kanesaki Y, Nanamiya H, Yoshikawa H, Suzuki T, and Sekine Y

Subjects
Adenosine Deaminase genetics, Bacillus subtilis genetics, RNA, Transfer, Arg, RNA, Transfer genetics, Adenosine genetics, Inosine genetics, Anticodon, Magnoliopsida
Abstract

Post-transcriptional modifications of tRNA are crucial for their core function. The inosine (I; 6-deaminated adenosine) at the first position in the anticodon of tRNA Arg (ICG) modulates the decoding capability and is generally considered essential for reading CGU, CGC, and CGA codons in eubacteria. We report here that the Bacillus subtilis yaaJ gene encodes tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase and is non-essential for viability. A β-galactosidase reporter assay revealed that the translational activity of CGN codons was not impaired in the yaaJ -deletion mutant. Furthermore, tRNA Arg (CCG) responsible for decoding the CGG codon was dispensable, even in the presence or absence of yaaJ . These results strongly suggest that tRNA Arg with either the anticodon ICG or ACG has an intrinsic ability to recognize all four CGN codons, providing a fundamental concept of non-canonical wobbling mediated by adenosine and inosine nucleotides in the anticodon. This is the first example of the four-way wobbling by inosine nucleotide in bacterial cells. On the other hand, the absence of inosine modification induced +1 frameshifting, especially at the CGA codon. Additionally, the yaaJ deletion affected growth and competency. Therefore, the inosine modification is beneficial for translational fidelity and proper growth-phase control, and that is why yaaJ has been actually conserved in B. subtilis .

Published
2023
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48. C. elegans ATG-5 mutants associated with ataxia.

Author

Yugeta A, Arai H, Takahashi D, Haruta N, Sugimoto A, and Arimoto H

Abstract

Intercellular cleaning via autophagy is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and impaired autophagy has been associated with the accumulation of protein aggregates that can contribute to neurological diseases. Specifically, the loss-of-function mutation in the human autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) at E122D has been linked to the pathogenesis of spinocerebellar ataxia in humans. In this study, we generated two homozygous C. elegans strains with mutations (E121D and E121A) at positions corresponding to the human ATG5 ataxia mutation to investigate the effects of ATG5 mutations on autophagy and motility. Our results showed that both mutants exhibited a reduction in autophagy activity and impaired motility, suggesting that the conserved mechanism of autophagy-mediated regulation of motility extends from C. elegans to humans., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present., (Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.)

Published
2023
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49. Development, implementation, and refinement of a comprehensive postcardiac arrest care training course in Japan.

Author

Endo T, Gaieski DF, Nagao K, Nonogi H, Kikuchi M, Arimoto H, Hase M, Kasaoka S, Takeda S, Hanada H, Tahara Y, Takahashi H, Kuroda Y, Masao N, and Matsushima H

Abstract

Aim: In Japan, no training course is dedicated to postcardiac arrest care (PCAC), including venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO); thus, faculty members of the Japanese Circulation Society developed an original, comprehensive PCAC training course. This report reviews the development, implementation, and refinement of this PCAC training course., Methods: We examined the preserved data from the Japanese Circulation Society PCAC training courses between 2014 and 2020. Data related to the learning content and number of the attendees and instructors were collected and summarized., Results: Sixteen courses were held between August 2014 and February 2020, before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 677 health care providers participated: 351 doctors, 225 nurses, 62 perfusionists, five emergency medical professionals, and two pharmacists. Thirty-two attendees' data were missing. The core learning contents of all the courses included a standardized postcardiac arrest algorithm, targeted temperature management, VA-ECMO cannulation skills, and postcannulation management. Concerning curriculum evolution, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation simulation, postarrest neurological examination and monitoring, and ultrasound-guided Seldinger technique training were added in the 4th, 5th, and 13th courses, respectively., Conclusion: The Japanese Circulation Society PCAC training course has been developed and refined to provide an organized, comprehensive opportunity for health care providers to acquire specific knowledge and skills in PCAC and VA-ECMO., (© 2022 The Authors. Acute Medicine & Surgery published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Association for Acute Medicine.)

Published
2022
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50. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective large cohort multicenter study in Japan.

Author

Inoue A, Hifumi T, Sakamoto T, Okamoto H, Kunikata J, Yokoi H, Sawano H, Egawa Y, Kato S, Sugiyama K, Bunya N, Kasai T, Ijuin S, Nakayama S, Kanda J, Kanou S, Takiguchi T, Yokobori S, Takada H, Inoue K, Takeuchi I, Honzawa H, Kobayashi M, Hamagami T, Takayama W, Otomo Y, Maekawa K, Shimizu T, Nara S, Nasu M, Takahashi K, Hagiwara Y, Kushimoto S, Fukuda R, Ogura T, Shiraishi SI, Zushi R, Otani N, Kikuchi M, Watanabe K, Nakagami T, Shoko T, Kitamura N, Otani T, Matsuoka Y, Aoki M, Sakuraya M, Arimoto H, Homma K, Naito H, Nakao S, Okazaki T, Tahara Y, and Kuroda Y

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest therapy
Abstract

Background: The prevalence of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has been increasing rapidly worldwide. However, guidelines or clinical studies do not provide sufficient data on ECPR practice. The aim of this study was to provide real-world data on ECPR for patients with OHCA, including details of complications., Methods: We did a retrospective database analysis of observational multicenter cohort study in Japan. Adult patients with OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology who received ECPR between 2013 and 2018 were included. The primary outcome was favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge, defined as a cerebral performance category of 1 or 2., Results: A total of 1644 patients with OHCA were included in this study. The patient age was 18-93 years (median: 60 years). Shockable rhythm in the initial cardiac rhythm at the scene was 69.4%. The median estimated low flow time was 55 min (interquartile range: 45-66 min). Favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge was observed in 14.1% of patients, and the rate of survival to hospital discharge was 27.2%. The proportions of favorable neurological outcome at hospital discharge in terms of shockable rhythm, pulseless electrical activity, and asystole were 16.7%, 9.2%, and 3.9%, respectively. Complications were observed during ECPR in 32.7% of patients, and the most common complication was bleeding, with the rates of cannulation site bleeding and other types of hemorrhage at 16.4% and 8.5%, respectively., Conclusions: In this large cohort, data on the ECPR of 1644 patients with OHCA show that the proportion of favorable neurological outcomes at hospital discharge was 14.1%, survival rate at hospital discharge was 27.2%, and complications were observed during ECPR in 32.7%., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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