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9. Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in Latin America: results of a multinational prospective cohort study

Author

Seas, Carlos, Garcia, Coralith, Salles, Mauro J., Labarca, Jaime, Luna, Carlos, Latin American Working Group on Antimicrobial Resistance, Mejía-Villatoro, Carlos, Zurita, Jeannete, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Rodrıguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Reyes, Jinnethe, Alvarez-Moreno, Carlos, Carcamo, César, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Hidalgo, José, and Arias, César A.

Subjects
América Latina, Bacteriemia, Enfermedades infecciosas, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.05.00 [https]
Abstract

En América Latina ocurre una heterogeneidad sustancial en la epidemiología y manejo de bacteriemia de Staphylococcus aureus. Se condujo un estudio prospectivo en 24 hospitales de nueve países de América Latina para evaluar el impacto clínico de la bacteriemia de Staphylococcus aureus.

Published
2018

10. Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in Latin America: results of a multinational prospective cohort study

Author

Seas, Carlos, Garcia, Coralith, Costa Salles, Mauro José, Labarca, Jaime A., Luna, Carlos Marcelo, Alvarez Moreno, Carlos Arturo, Mejía-Villatoro, Carlos Rodolfo, Zurita, Jeannete, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Reyes, Jinnethe, Arias, César A., Ćarcamo, César Paul, Gotuzzo, Eduardo H., Bruno, Didier, Efrón, Ernesto D., del Castillo, Marcelo, Dei, Sanatorio Mater, Guimarães, Thaís, Ceballos, María Elena, Domínguez, Isabel, Riedel, Gisela, Valderrama, Sandra, Gualtero, Sandra Milena, Saavedra, Carlos Humberto, Tello, Betzabé, Guerrero, Fausto, Silvestre, María Mónica, Morfin-Otero, Rayo, Alcalde, Fray Antonio, Hidalgo, José A., Hercilla, Luis, Silva, Marisela, and Guzmán, Alfonso José

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection, bloodstream infections, methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, Bacteremia, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, sensitivity analysis, Epidemiology, follow-up, Pharmacology (medical), Blood culture, Prospective Studies, lactams, Prospective cohort study, Original Research, Cross Infection, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, Staphylococcal Infections, per protocol analysis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Female, epidemiology, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus aureus, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Estudios de cohortes, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.08 [https], 03 medical and health sciences, length of stay, Vancomycin, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.05 [https], bacteremia, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.01 [https], Pharmacology, Intention-to-treat analysis, business.industry, latin america, medicine.disease, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, mortality, prospective studies, Surgery, Latin America, Blood Culture, Relative risk, Mortalidad, heterogeneity, business
Abstract

Background: Substantial heterogeneity in the epidemiology and management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) occurs in Latin America. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 24 hospitals from nine Latin American countries. Objectives: To assess the clinical impact of SAB in Latin America. Patients and methods: We evaluated differences in the 30 day attributable mortality among patients with SAB due to MRSA compared with MSSA involving 84 days of follow-up. Adjusted relative risks were calculated using a generalized linear model. Results: A total of 1030 patients were included. MRSA accounted for 44.7% of cases with a heterogeneous geographical distribution. MRSA infection was associated with higher 30 day attributable mortality [25% (78 of 312) versus 13.2% (48 of 363), adjusted RR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.38–2.73, P

Published
2017

11. Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA).

Author

UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, Sartelli, Massimo, Weber, Dieter G, Ruppé, Etienne, Bassetti, Matteo, Wright, Brian J, Ansaloni, Luca, Catena, Fausto, Coccolini, Federico, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M, Coimbra, Raul, Moore, Ernest E, Moore, Frederick A, Maier, Ronald V, De Waele, Jan J, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W, Griffiths, Ewen A, Eckmann, Christian, Brink, Adrian J, Mazuski, John E, May, Addison K, Sawyer, Rob G, Mertz, Dominik, Montravers, Philippe, Kumar, Anand, Roberts, Jason A, Vincent, Jean-Louis, Watkins, Richard R, Lowman, Warren, Spellberg, Brad, Abbott, Iain J, Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Al-Dahir, Sara, Al-Hasan, Majdi N, Agresta, Ferdinando, Althani, Asma A, Ansari, Shamshul, Ansumana, Rashid, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Balogh, Zsolt J, Baraket, Oussama, Bhangu, Aneel, Beltrán, Marcelo A, Bernhard, Michael, Biffl, Walter L, Boermeester, Marja A, Brecher, Stephen M, Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R, Buyne, Otmar R, Cainzos, Miguel A, Cairns, Kelly A, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Chandy, Sujith J, Che Jusoh, Asri, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Colijn, Caroline, Corcione, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Curcio, Daniel, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, José J, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Dillip, Angel, Di Saverio, Salomone, Doyle, Michael P, Dorj, Gereltuya, Dogjani, Agron, Dupont, Hervé, Eachempati, Soumitra R, Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Egiev, Valery N, Elmangory, Mutasim M, Ferrada, Paula, Fitchett, Joseph R, Fraga, Gustavo P, Guessennd, Nathalie, Giamarellou, Helen, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Goldberg, Staphanie R, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Gomi, Harumi, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Haque, Mainul, Hansen, Sonja, Hecker, Andreas, Heizmann, Wolfgang R, Herzog, Torsten, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, Hong, Suk-Kyung, Kafka-Ritsch, Reinhold, Kaplan, Lewis J, Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Kees, Martin G, Kenig, Jakub, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Peter K, Kluger, Yoram, Khokha, Vladimir, Koike, Kaoru, Kok, Kenneth Y Y, Kong, Victory, Knox, Matthew C, Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao R, Labbate, Maurizio, Labricciosa, Francesco M, Laterre, Pierre-François, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae Gil, Lee, Young Ran, Leone, Marc, Leppaniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y, Loho, Tonny, Maegele, Marc, Malama, Sydney, Marei, Hany E, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Marwah, Sanjay, Massele, Amos, McFarlane, Michael, Melo, Renato Bessa, Negoi, Ionut, Nicolau, David P, Nord, Carl Erik, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Omari, AbdelKarim H, Ordonez, Carlos A, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alves, Piazza, Diego, Pupelis, Guntars, Rawson, Timothy Miles, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Rocha, Claudio, Sakakhushev, Boris, Sanchez-Garcia, Miguel, Sato, Norio, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A, Sganga, Gabriele, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Shelat, Vishal G, Soreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, Talving, Peep, Tilsed, Jonathan V, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Trueba, Gabriel, Trung, Ngo Tat, Ulrych, Jan, van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andras, Vohra, Ravinder S, Wani, Imtiaz, Uhl, Waldemar, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo-Ching, Zachariah, Sanoop K, Zahar, Jean-Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L, Corcione, Antonio, Melotti, Rita M, Viscoli, Claudio, Viale, Perluigi, UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, Sartelli, Massimo, Weber, Dieter G, Ruppé, Etienne, Bassetti, Matteo, Wright, Brian J, Ansaloni, Luca, Catena, Fausto, Coccolini, Federico, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M, Coimbra, Raul, Moore, Ernest E, Moore, Frederick A, Maier, Ronald V, De Waele, Jan J, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W, Griffiths, Ewen A, Eckmann, Christian, Brink, Adrian J, Mazuski, John E, May, Addison K, Sawyer, Rob G, Mertz, Dominik, Montravers, Philippe, Kumar, Anand, Roberts, Jason A, Vincent, Jean-Louis, Watkins, Richard R, Lowman, Warren, Spellberg, Brad, Abbott, Iain J, Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Al-Dahir, Sara, Al-Hasan, Majdi N, Agresta, Ferdinando, Althani, Asma A, Ansari, Shamshul, Ansumana, Rashid, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Balogh, Zsolt J, Baraket, Oussama, Bhangu, Aneel, Beltrán, Marcelo A, Bernhard, Michael, Biffl, Walter L, Boermeester, Marja A, Brecher, Stephen M, Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R, Buyne, Otmar R, Cainzos, Miguel A, Cairns, Kelly A, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Chandy, Sujith J, Che Jusoh, Asri, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Colijn, Caroline, Corcione, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Curcio, Daniel, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, José J, Di Carlo, Isidoro, Dillip, Angel, Di Saverio, Salomone, Doyle, Michael P, Dorj, Gereltuya, Dogjani, Agron, Dupont, Hervé, Eachempati, Soumitra R, Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Egiev, Valery N, Elmangory, Mutasim M, Ferrada, Paula, Fitchett, Joseph R, Fraga, Gustavo P, Guessennd, Nathalie, Giamarellou, Helen, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Goldberg, Staphanie R, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Gomi, Harumi, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Haque, Mainul, Hansen, Sonja, Hecker, Andreas, Heizmann, Wolfgang R, Herzog, Torsten, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, Hong, Suk-Kyung, Kafka-Ritsch, Reinhold, Kaplan, Lewis J, Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Kees, Martin G, Kenig, Jakub, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Peter K, Kluger, Yoram, Khokha, Vladimir, Koike, Kaoru, Kok, Kenneth Y Y, Kong, Victory, Knox, Matthew C, Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao R, Labbate, Maurizio, Labricciosa, Francesco M, Laterre, Pierre-François, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae Gil, Lee, Young Ran, Leone, Marc, Leppaniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y, Loho, Tonny, Maegele, Marc, Malama, Sydney, Marei, Hany E, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Marwah, Sanjay, Massele, Amos, McFarlane, Michael, Melo, Renato Bessa, Negoi, Ionut, Nicolau, David P, Nord, Carl Erik, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Omari, AbdelKarim H, Ordonez, Carlos A, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alves, Piazza, Diego, Pupelis, Guntars, Rawson, Timothy Miles, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Rocha, Claudio, Sakakhushev, Boris, Sanchez-Garcia, Miguel, Sato, Norio, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A, Sganga, Gabriele, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Shelat, Vishal G, Soreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, Talving, Peep, Tilsed, Jonathan V, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Trueba, Gabriel, Trung, Ngo Tat, Ulrych, Jan, van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andras, Vohra, Ravinder S, Wani, Imtiaz, Uhl, Waldemar, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo-Ching, Zachariah, Sanoop K, Zahar, Jean-Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L, Corcione, Antonio, Melotti, Rita M, Viscoli, Claudio, and Viale, Perluigi

Abstract

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs.

Published
2016

12. Antimicrobials: A global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

Author

Sartelli, Massimo, Weber, Dieter G., Ruppé, Etienne, Bassetti, Matteo, Wright, Brian J., Ansaloni, Luca, Catena, Fausto, Coccolini, Federico, Abu Zidan, Fikri M., Coimbra, Raul, Moore, Ernest E., Moore, Frederick A., Maier, Ronald V., De Waele, Jan J., Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Griffiths, Ewen A., Eckmann, Christian, Brink, Adrian J., Mazuski, John E., May, Addison K., Sawyer, Rob G., Mertz, Dominik, Montravers, Philippe, Kumar, Anand, Roberts, Jason A., Vincent, Jean Loui, Watkins, Richard R., Lowman, Warren, Spellberg, Brad, Abbott, Iain J., Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Al Dahir, Sara, Al Hasan, Majdi N., Agresta, Ferdinando, Althani, Asma A., Ansari, Shamshul, Ansumana, Rashid, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Balogh, Zsolt J., Baraket, Oussama, Bhangu, Aneel, Beltrán, Marcelo A., Bernhard, Michael, Biffl, Walter L., Boermeester, Marja A., Brecher, Stephen M., Cherry Bukowiec, Jill R., Buyne, Otmar R., Cainzos, Miguel A., Cairns, Kelly A., Camacho Ortiz, Adrian, Chandy, Sujith J., Che Jusoh, Asri, Chichom Mefire, Alain, Colijn, Caroline, Corcione, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Curcio, Daniel, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, José J., Di Carlo, Isidoro, Dillip, Angel, Di Saverio, Salomone, Doyle, Michael P., Dorj, Gereltuya, Dogjani, Agron, Dupont, Hervé, Eachempati, Soumitra R., Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Egiev, Valery N., Elmangory, Mutasim M., Ferrada, Paula, Fitchett, Joseph R., Fraga, Gustavo P., Guessennd, Nathalie, Giamarellou, Helen, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Goldberg, Staphanie R., Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Gomi, Harumi, Guzmán Blanco, Manuel, Haque, Mainul, Hansen, Sonja, Hecker, Andrea, Heizmann, Wolfgang R., Herzog, Torsten, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, Hong, Suk Kyung, Kafka Ritsch, Reinhold, Kaplan, Lewis J., Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Kees, Martin G., Kenig, Jakub, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Peter K., Kluger, Yoram, Khokha, Vladimir, Koike, Kaoru, Kok, Kenneth Y. Y., Kong, Victory, Knox, Matthew C., Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao R., Labbate, Maurizio, Labricciosa, Francesco M., Laterre, Pierre Françoi, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae Gil, Lee, Young Ran, Leone, Marc, Leppaniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y., Loho, Tonny, Maegele, Marc, Malama, Sydney, Marei, Hany E., Martin Loeches, Ignacio, Marwah, Sanjay, Massele, Amo, Mcfarlane, Michael, Melo, Renato Bessa, Negoi, Ionut, Nicolau, David P., Nord, Carl Erik, Ofori Asenso, Richard, Omari, AbdelKarim H., Ordonez, Carlos A., Ouadii, Mouaqit, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alve, Piazza, Diego, Pupelis, Guntar, Rawson, Timothy Mile, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Rocha, Claudio, Sakakhushev, Bori, Sanchez Garcia, Miguel, Sato, Norio, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A., Sganga, Gabriele, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Shelat, Vishal G., Soreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, Talving, Peep, Tilsed, Jonathan V., Timsit, Jean Francoi, Trueba, Gabriel, Trung, Ngo Tat, Ulrych, Jan, van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andra, Vohra, Ravinder S., Wani, Imtiaz, Uhl, Waldemar, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo Ching, Zachariah, Sanoop K., Zahar, Jean Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L., Corcione, Antonio, Melotti, Rita M., Viscoli, Claudio, Viale, Perluigi, Sganga, Gabriele (ORCID:0000-0001-5079-0395), Sartelli, Massimo, Weber, Dieter G., Ruppé, Etienne, Bassetti, Matteo, Wright, Brian J., Ansaloni, Luca, Catena, Fausto, Coccolini, Federico, Abu Zidan, Fikri M., Coimbra, Raul, Moore, Ernest E., Moore, Frederick A., Maier, Ronald V., De Waele, Jan J., Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Griffiths, Ewen A., Eckmann, Christian, Brink, Adrian J., Mazuski, John E., May, Addison K., Sawyer, Rob G., Mertz, Dominik, Montravers, Philippe, Kumar, Anand, Roberts, Jason A., Vincent, Jean Loui, Watkins, Richard R., Lowman, Warren, Spellberg, Brad, Abbott, Iain J., Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Al Dahir, Sara, Al Hasan, Majdi N., Agresta, Ferdinando, Althani, Asma A., Ansari, Shamshul, Ansumana, Rashid, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Balogh, Zsolt J., Baraket, Oussama, Bhangu, Aneel, Beltrán, Marcelo A., Bernhard, Michael, Biffl, Walter L., Boermeester, Marja A., Brecher, Stephen M., Cherry Bukowiec, Jill R., Buyne, Otmar R., Cainzos, Miguel A., Cairns, Kelly A., Camacho Ortiz, Adrian, Chandy, Sujith J., Che Jusoh, Asri, Chichom Mefire, Alain, Colijn, Caroline, Corcione, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Curcio, Daniel, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, José J., Di Carlo, Isidoro, Dillip, Angel, Di Saverio, Salomone, Doyle, Michael P., Dorj, Gereltuya, Dogjani, Agron, Dupont, Hervé, Eachempati, Soumitra R., Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Egiev, Valery N., Elmangory, Mutasim M., Ferrada, Paula, Fitchett, Joseph R., Fraga, Gustavo P., Guessennd, Nathalie, Giamarellou, Helen, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Goldberg, Staphanie R., Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Gomi, Harumi, Guzmán Blanco, Manuel, Haque, Mainul, Hansen, Sonja, Hecker, Andrea, Heizmann, Wolfgang R., Herzog, Torsten, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, Hong, Suk Kyung, Kafka Ritsch, Reinhold, Kaplan, Lewis J., Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Kees, Martin G., Kenig, Jakub, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Peter K., Kluger, Yoram, Khokha, Vladimir, Koike, Kaoru, Kok, Kenneth Y. Y., Kong, Victory, Knox, Matthew C., Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao R., Labbate, Maurizio, Labricciosa, Francesco M., Laterre, Pierre Françoi, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae Gil, Lee, Young Ran, Leone, Marc, Leppaniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y., Loho, Tonny, Maegele, Marc, Malama, Sydney, Marei, Hany E., Martin Loeches, Ignacio, Marwah, Sanjay, Massele, Amo, Mcfarlane, Michael, Melo, Renato Bessa, Negoi, Ionut, Nicolau, David P., Nord, Carl Erik, Ofori Asenso, Richard, Omari, AbdelKarim H., Ordonez, Carlos A., Ouadii, Mouaqit, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alve, Piazza, Diego, Pupelis, Guntar, Rawson, Timothy Mile, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Rocha, Claudio, Sakakhushev, Bori, Sanchez Garcia, Miguel, Sato, Norio, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A., Sganga, Gabriele, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Shelat, Vishal G., Soreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, Talving, Peep, Tilsed, Jonathan V., Timsit, Jean Francoi, Trueba, Gabriel, Trung, Ngo Tat, Ulrych, Jan, van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andra, Vohra, Ravinder S., Wani, Imtiaz, Uhl, Waldemar, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo Ching, Zachariah, Sanoop K., Zahar, Jean Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L., Corcione, Antonio, Melotti, Rita M., Viscoli, Claudio, Viale, Perluigi, and Sganga, Gabriele (ORCID:0000-0001-5079-0395)

Abstract

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs.

Published
2016

13. Gram-Negative Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units of Latin America and the Caribbean

Author

Luna, Carlos M., Rodriguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Bavestrello, Luis, and Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

This review summarizes recent epidemiology of Gram-negative infections in selected countries from Latin American and Caribbean adult intensive care units (ICUs). A systematic search of the biomedical literature (PubMed) was performed to identify articles published over the last decade. Where appropriate, data also were collected from the reference list of published articles, health departments of specific countries, and registries. Independent cohort data from all countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela) signified a high rate of ICU infections (prevalence: Argentina, 24%; Brazil, 57%). Gram-negative pathogens, predominantly Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, accounted for >50% of ICU infections, which were often complicated by the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and clonal outbreaks. Empirical use of antimicrobial agents was identified as a strong risk factor for resistance development and excessive mortality. Infection control strategies utilizing hygiene measures and antimicrobial stewardship programs reduced the rate of device-associated infections. To mitigate the poor health outcomes associated with infections by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, urgent focus must be placed on infection control strategies and local surveillance programs.

Published
2014
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14. Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

Author

Sartelli, Massimo, primary, Weber, Dieter G., additional, Ruppé, Etienne, additional, Bassetti, Matteo, additional, Wright, Brian J., additional, Ansaloni, Luca, additional, Catena, Fausto, additional, Coccolini, Federico, additional, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M., additional, Coimbra, Raul, additional, Moore, Ernest E., additional, Moore, Frederick A., additional, Maier, Ronald V., additional, De Waele, Jan J., additional, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., additional, Griffiths, Ewen A., additional, Eckmann, Christian, additional, Brink, Adrian J., additional, Mazuski, John E., additional, May, Addison K., additional, Sawyer, Rob G., additional, Mertz, Dominik, additional, Montravers, Philippe, additional, Kumar, Anand, additional, Roberts, Jason A., additional, Vincent, Jean-Louis, additional, Watkins, Richard R., additional, Lowman, Warren, additional, Spellberg, Brad, additional, Abbott, Iain J., additional, Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, additional, Al-Dahir, Sara, additional, Al-Hasan, Majdi N., additional, Agresta, Ferdinando, additional, Althani, Asma A., additional, Ansari, Shamshul, additional, Ansumana, Rashid, additional, Augustin, Goran, additional, Bala, Miklosh, additional, Balogh, Zsolt J., additional, Baraket, Oussama, additional, Bhangu, Aneel, additional, Beltrán, Marcelo A., additional, Bernhard, Michael, additional, Biffl, Walter L., additional, Boermeester, Marja A., additional, Brecher, Stephen M., additional, Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R., additional, Buyne, Otmar R., additional, Cainzos, Miguel A., additional, Cairns, Kelly A., additional, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, additional, Chandy, Sujith J., additional, Che Jusoh, Asri, additional, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, additional, Colijn, Caroline, additional, Corcione, Francesco, additional, Cui, Yunfeng, additional, Curcio, Daniel, additional, Delibegovic, Samir, additional, Demetrashvili, Zaza, additional, De Simone, Belinda, additional, Dhingra, Sameer, additional, Diaz, José J., additional, Di Carlo, Isidoro, additional, Dillip, Angel, additional, Di Saverio, Salomone, additional, Doyle, Michael P., additional, Dorj, Gereltuya, additional, Dogjani, Agron, additional, Dupont, Hervé, additional, Eachempati, Soumitra R., additional, Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, additional, Egiev, Valery N., additional, Elmangory, Mutasim M., additional, Ferrada, Paula, additional, Fitchett, Joseph R., additional, Fraga, Gustavo P., additional, Guessennd, Nathalie, additional, Giamarellou, Helen, additional, Ghnnam, Wagih, additional, Gkiokas, George, additional, Goldberg, Staphanie R., additional, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, additional, Gomi, Harumi, additional, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, additional, Haque, Mainul, additional, Hansen, Sonja, additional, Hecker, Andreas, additional, Heizmann, Wolfgang R., additional, Herzog, Torsten, additional, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, additional, Hong, Suk-Kyung, additional, Kafka-Ritsch, Reinhold, additional, Kaplan, Lewis J., additional, Kapoor, Garima, additional, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, additional, Kees, Martin G., additional, Kenig, Jakub, additional, Kiguba, Ronald, additional, Kim, Peter K., additional, Kluger, Yoram, additional, Khokha, Vladimir, additional, Koike, Kaoru, additional, Kok, Kenneth Y. Y., additional, Kong, Victory, additional, Knox, Matthew C., additional, Inaba, Kenji, additional, Isik, Arda, additional, Iskandar, Katia, additional, Ivatury, Rao R., additional, Labbate, Maurizio, additional, Labricciosa, Francesco M., additional, Laterre, Pierre-François, additional, Latifi, Rifat, additional, Lee, Jae Gil, additional, Lee, Young Ran, additional, Leone, Marc, additional, Leppaniemi, Ari, additional, Li, Yousheng, additional, Liang, Stephen Y., additional, Loho, Tonny, additional, Maegele, Marc, additional, Malama, Sydney, additional, Marei, Hany E., additional, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, additional, Marwah, Sanjay, additional, Massele, Amos, additional, McFarlane, Michael, additional, Melo, Renato Bessa, additional, Negoi, Ionut, additional, Nicolau, David P., additional, Nord, Carl Erik, additional, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, additional, Omari, AbdelKarim H., additional, Ordonez, Carlos A., additional, Ouadii, Mouaqit, additional, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alves, additional, Piazza, Diego, additional, Pupelis, Guntars, additional, Rawson, Timothy Miles, additional, Rems, Miran, additional, Rizoli, Sandro, additional, Rocha, Claudio, additional, Sakakhushev, Boris, additional, Sanchez-Garcia, Miguel, additional, Sato, Norio, additional, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A., additional, Sganga, Gabriele, additional, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, additional, Shelat, Vishal G., additional, Soreide, Kjetil, additional, Soto, Rodolfo, additional, Talving, Peep, additional, Tilsed, Jonathan V., additional, Timsit, Jean-Francois, additional, Trueba, Gabriel, additional, Trung, Ngo Tat, additional, Ulrych, Jan, additional, van Goor, Harry, additional, Vereczkei, Andras, additional, Vohra, Ravinder S., additional, Wani, Imtiaz, additional, Uhl, Waldemar, additional, Xiao, Yonghong, additional, Yuan, Kuo-Ching, additional, Zachariah, Sanoop K., additional, Zahar, Jean-Ralph, additional, Zakrison, Tanya L., additional, Corcione, Antonio, additional, Melotti, Rita M., additional, Viscoli, Claudio, additional, and Viale, Perluigi, additional

Published
2016
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15. Characterization and Clinical Impact of Bloodstream Infection Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Seven Latin American Countries

Author

Villegas, Maria Virginia, primary, Pallares, Christian J., additional, Escandón-Vargas, Kevin, additional, Hernández-Gómez, Cristhian, additional, Correa, Adriana, additional, Álvarez, Carlos, additional, Rosso, Fernando, additional, Matta, Lorena, additional, Luna, Carlos, additional, Zurita, Jeannete, additional, Mejía-Villatoro, Carlos, additional, Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, additional, Seas, Carlos, additional, Cortesía, Manuel, additional, Guzmán-Suárez, Alfonso, additional, and Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, additional

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Characterization and clinical impact of bloodstream infection caused by carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in seven Latin American countries

Author

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas HUSI - PUJ, Villegas, Maria Virginia, Pallares, Christian J., Escandón-Vargas, Kevin, Hernández-Gómez, Cristhian, Correa, Adriana, Álvarez Moreno, Carlos Arturo, Rosso, Fernando, Matta, Lorena, Luna, Carlos, Zurita, Jeannete, Mejía-Villatoro, Carlos, Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Seas, Carlos, Cortesía, Manuel, Guzmán-Suárez, Alfonso, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas HUSI - PUJ, Villegas, Maria Virginia, Pallares, Christian J., Escandón-Vargas, Kevin, Hernández-Gómez, Cristhian, Correa, Adriana, Álvarez Moreno, Carlos Arturo, Rosso, Fernando, Matta, Lorena, Luna, Carlos, Zurita, Jeannete, Mejía-Villatoro, Carlos, Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Seas, Carlos, Cortesía, Manuel, Guzmán-Suárez, Alfonso, and Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel

20. Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Latin America

Author

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas HUSI - PUJ, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Mejía, Carlos, Isturiza, Raul, Álvarez Moreno, Carlos Arturo, Bavestrello, Luis, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Labarca, Jaime, Luna, Carlos M., Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Salles, Mauro J. C., Zurita, Jeannete, Seas, Carlos, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Interna. Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas HUSI - PUJ, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Mejía, Carlos, Isturiza, Raul, Álvarez Moreno, Carlos Arturo, Bavestrello, Luis, Gotuzzo, Eduardo, Labarca, Jaime, Luna, Carlos M., Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo, Salles, Mauro J. C., Zurita, Jeannete, and Seas, Carlos

21. Antimicrobials : a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

Author

Richard R. Watkins, Adrien Hodonou, Brad Spellberg, Fausto Catena, Marc Maegele, Sanoop K. Zachariah, András Vereczkei, Katia Iskandar, Jill R. Cherry-Bukowiec, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Shamshul Ansari, Luca Ansaloni, Addison K. May, Aneel Bhangu, Rao R. Ivatury, Sujith J Chandy, Joseph R Fitchett, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Peep Talving, Tonny Loho, Amos Massele, Kaoru Koike, Marcelo A. Beltrán, Salomone Di Saverio, Zaza Demetrashvili, Isidoro Di Carlo, Rifat Latifi, Christian Eckmann, Miran Rems, Adrián Camacho-Ortiz, Dieter G. Weber, Majdi N. Al-Hasan, Manuel Guzman-Blanco, Soumitra R. Eachempati, Ravinder S. Vohra, Kjetil Søreide, Etienne Ruppé, Matteo Bassetti, Arda Isik, Andrew W. Kirkpatrick, Hany E. Marei, Gereltuya Dorj, Belinda De Simone, Aleksandar Karamarkovic, Adrian Brink, Jason A. Roberts, Caroline Colijn, Francesco M. Labricciosa, Mainul Haque, Frederick A. Moore, Michael Bernhard, Miguel Caínzos, Ari Leppäniemi, Sara Al-Dahir, Sonja Hansen, Maurizio Labbate, Boonying Siribumrungwong, Hervé Dupont, Rita Maria Melotti, Helen Giamarellou, Vishal G Shelat, Martin G. Kees, Rodolfo Soto, F. Corcione, Michael McFarlane, Kenji Inaba, Samir Delibegovic, Kuo Ching Yuan, David P. Nicolau, Gerson Alves Pereira Júnior, Jose J. Diaz, Dominik Mertz, Claudio Viscoli, Lewis J. Kaplan, George Gkiokas, Torsten Herzog, Alain Chichom-Mefire, Agron Dogjani, Jan Ulrych, Jan J. De Waele, Jean-François Timsit, Warren Lowman, Yunfeng Cui, Asmaa Althani, Yousheng Li, Diego Piazza, Staphanie R. Goldberg, Yoram Kluger, Carlos A. Ordoñez, Carl Erik Nord, Waldemar Uhl, O.R. Buyne, Imtiaz Wani, Wolfgang R. Heizmann, Valery N. Egiev, Timothy M. Rawson, Abdel K. Omari, Renato Bessa Melo, A R K Adesunkanmi, Miguel Sanchez-Garcia, Pierre-François Laterre, Vladimir Khokha, Harumi Gomi, Massimo Sartelli, Boris Sakakhushev, Ewen A. Griffiths, Ngo Tat Trung, Young R. Lee, Tanya L. Zakrison, Mushira Enani, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Gabriele Sganga, Ionut Negoi, Carlos Augusto Gomes, Jakub Kenig, Ronald V. Maier, Norio Sato, Gabriel Trueba, Kelly A. Cairns, Claudio Rocha, Anand Kumar, Andreas Hecker, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Marja A. Boermeester, Michael P. Doyle, Peter K. Kim, Federico Coccolini, Paula Ferrada, Sandro Rizoli, Stephen M. Brecher, Robert G. Sawyer, Victory Kong, Jean Louis Vincent, Goran Augustin, Suk-Kyung Hong, Stephen Y. Liang, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Walter L. Biffl, Reinhold Kafka-Ritsch, Jae Gil Lee, Ernest E. Moore, Sameer Dhingra, Miklosh Bala, Sydney Malama, Kenneth Y.Y. Kok, Oussama Baraket, Harry van Goor, Garima Kapoor, Philippe Montravers, Iain J. Abbott, Wagih Ghnnam, Angel Dillip, Raul Coimbra, Sanjay Marwah, Mouaqit Ouadii, Zsolt J. Balogh, Nathalie Guessennd, Richard Ofori-Asenso, Jonathan Tilsed, Antonio Corcione, Daniel Curcio, Marc Leone, Guntars Pupelis, Yonghong Xiao, Ferdinando Agresta, Mutasim M. Elmangory, Brian J. Wright, John E. Mazuski, Asri Che Jusoh, Perluigi Viale, Ronald Kiguba, Rashid Ansumana, Matthew C Knox, CHU Amiens-Picardie, 6th Department of Internal Medicine, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Center of Athens 'Hygeia', Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hartford Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Equipe mobile d'infectiologie, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service Microbiologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Infectious Diseases, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Sartelli, Massimo, Weber, Dieter G., Ruppé, Etienne, Bassetti, Matteo, Wright, Brian J., Ansaloni, Luca, Catena, Fausto, Coccolini, Federico, Abu-Zidan, Fikri M., Coimbra, Raul, Moore, Ernest E., Moore, Frederick A., Maier, Ronald V., De Waele, Jan J., Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Griffiths, Ewen A., Eckmann, Christian, Brink, Adrian J., Mazuski, John E., May, Addison K., Sawyer, Rob G., Mertz, Dominik, Montravers, Philippe, Kumar, Anand, Roberts, Jason A., Vincent, Jean-Loui, Watkins, Richard R., Lowman, Warren, Spellberg, Brad, Abbott, Iain J., Adesunkanmi, Abdulrashid Kayode, Al-Dahir, Sara, Al-Hasan, Majdi N., Agresta, Ferdinando, Althani, Asma A., Ansari, Shamshul, Ansumana, Rashid, Augustin, Goran, Bala, Miklosh, Balogh, Zsolt J., Baraket, Oussama, Bhangu, Aneel, Beltrán, Marcelo A., Bernhard, Michael, Biffl, Walter L., Boermeester, Marja A., Brecher, Stephen M., Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R., Buyne, Otmar R., Cainzos, Miguel A., Cairns, Kelly A., Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Chandy, Sujith J., Che Jusoh, Asri, Chichom-Mefire, Alain, Colijn, Caroline, Corcione, Francesco, Cui, Yunfeng, Curcio, Daniel, Delibegovic, Samir, Demetrashvili, Zaza, De Simone, Belinda, Dhingra, Sameer, Diaz, José J., Di Carlo, Isidoro, Dillip, Angel, Di Saverio, Salomone, Doyle, Michael P., Dorj, Gereltuya, Dogjani, Agron, Dupont, Hervé, Eachempati, Soumitra R., Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz, Egiev, Valery N., Elmangory, Mutasim M., Ferrada, Paula, Fitchett, Joseph R., Fraga, Gustavo P., Guessennd, Nathalie, Giamarellou, Helen, Ghnnam, Wagih, Gkiokas, George, Goldberg, Staphanie R., Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Gomi, Harumi, Guzmán-Blanco, Manuel, Haque, Mainul, Hansen, Sonja, Hecker, Andrea, Heizmann, Wolfgang R., Herzog, Torsten, Hodonou, Adrien Montcho, Hong, Suk-Kyung, Kafka-Ritsch, Reinhold, Kaplan, Lewis J., Kapoor, Garima, Karamarkovic, Aleksandar, Kees, Martin G., Kenig, Jakub, Kiguba, Ronald, Kim, Peter K., Kluger, Yoram, Khokha, Vladimir, Koike, Kaoru, Kok, Kenneth Y. Y., Kong, Victory, Knox, Matthew C., Inaba, Kenji, Isik, Arda, Iskandar, Katia, Ivatury, Rao R., Labbate, Maurizio, Labricciosa, Francesco M., Laterre, Pierre-Françoi, Latifi, Rifat, Lee, Jae Gil, Lee, Young Ran, Leone, Marc, Leppaniemi, Ari, Li, Yousheng, Liang, Stephen Y., Loho, Tonny, Maegele, Marc, Malama, Sydney, Marei, Hany E., Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Marwah, Sanjay, Massele, Amo, Mcfarlane, Michael, Melo, Renato Bessa, Negoi, Ionut, Nicolau, David P., Nord, Carl Erik, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Omari, AbdelKarim H., Ordonez, Carlos A., Ouadii, Mouaqit, Pereira Júnior, Gerson Alve, Piazza, Diego, Pupelis, Guntar, Rawson, Timothy Mile, Rems, Miran, Rizoli, Sandro, Rocha, Claudio, Sakakhushev, Bori, Sanchez-Garcia, Miguel, Sato, Norio, Segovia Lohse, Helmut A., Sganga, Gabriele, Siribumrungwong, Boonying, Shelat, Vishal G., Soreide, Kjetil, Soto, Rodolfo, Talving, Peep, Tilsed, Jonathan V., Timsit, Jean-Francoi, Trueba, Gabriel, Trung, Ngo Tat, Ulrych, Jan, van Goor, Harry, Vereczkei, Andra, Vohra, Ravinder S., Wani, Imtiaz, Uhl, Waldemar, Xiao, Yonghong, Yuan, Kuo-Ching, Zachariah, Sanoop K., Zahar, Jean-Ralph, Zakrison, Tanya L., Corcione, Antonio, Melotti, Rita M., Viscoli, Claudio, Viale, Perluigi, UCL - SSS/IREC/MEDA - Pôle de médecine aiguë, UCL - (SLuc) Service de soins intensifs, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Genoa (UNIGE), Sartelli, M, Weber, DG, Ruppe, E, Bassetti, M, Dorj, G, Kok, Kenneth Y.Y., and Viale, Pierluigi

Subjects
Anti-Infective Agent, 0301 basic medicine, INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT, International Cooperation, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, Drug Resistance, morbidity, Review, Drug resistance, Tigecycline, CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION, VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI, Microbial, SPECTRUM-BETA-LACTAMASE, 0302 clinical medicine, Anti-Infective Agents, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Agora, 030212 general & internal medicine, wb_330, computer.programming_language, Iais, biology, Microbial Sensitivity Test, Antimicrobials, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Antimicrobials, (AGORA), Prognosis, Antimicrobial, 3. Good health, CARBAPENEMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE, antibiotic-resistance, Intra-abdominal infections (IAI), Surgery, Emergency Medicine, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES, 7c0bbdab, BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS, CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS, Human, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, 030106 microbiology, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, wa_110, qw_45, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, wi_140, Antibiotic resistance, Intraabdominal Infection, medicine, Humans, intra-abdominal infections, GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA, Intensive care medicine, Chirurgie, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA, business.industry, Médecine pathologie humaine, Intraabdominal Infections, biology.organism_classification, Review article, Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10], business, computer
Abstract

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2016

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