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2. Starch-based films doped with porphyrinoid photosensitizers for active skin wound healing

Author

Lopes, Paloma, Joaquinito, A. Sofia M., Ribeiro, Artur, Moura, Nuno M. M., Gomes, Ana T. P., Guerreiro, Susana G., Faustino, M. Amparo F., Almeida, Adelaide, Ferreira, Paula, Coimbra, Manuel A., Neves, M. Graça P. M. S., Gonçalves, Idalina, and Universidade do Minho

Subjects
Porphyrins, Polymers and Plastics, Polysaccharides, Organic Chemistry, Hydrophobicity, Cellular migration, Materials Chemistry, Antimicrobial, Elasticity
Abstract

Starch is a biodegradable and biocompatible carbohydrate that, when combined with bioactive molecules, can be processed as biomimetic platforms with enhanced performance, allowing its use as active wound dressing materials. Porphyrinoid photosensitizers can tune the physicochemical/functional profile of biomacromolecules, allowing their use in anti-infective strategies. In this work, the feasibility of using the cationic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin tetraiodide (TMPyP) to enhance the physicochemical, mechanical, antimicrobial performance, and wound healing ability of casted starch-based films was studied. TMPyP conferred a reddish coloration to the films, maintaining their pristine transparency. It increased by 87 % the films hydrophobicity and, depending on the TMPyP used, conferred mobility to the starch polymeric chains. Starch/TMPyP-based films effectively photoinactivated Escherichia coli (>99.99 %) and favored the wound healing process, even in the absence of light. Therefore, the incorporation of TMPyP into starch-based formulations revealed to be a promising strategy to tune the films compaction degree while giving rise to water tolerant and photosensitive biomaterials that can act as multitarget antimicrobial medical dressings and glycocarriers of active compounds relevant for effective skin wound healing., The authors thank to University of Aveiro and FCT/MCT for the financial support provided to CICECO (UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020, LA/P/0006/2020), LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020), CESAM (UIDP/50017/2020, UIDB/50017/2020, LA/P/0094/2020), CEB (UIDB/04469/2020), LABBELS (LA/P/0029/2020), and to projects PORP2PS (EXPL/QUI-QOR/0586/2021) and PREVINE (FCT-PTDC/ASP-PES/29576/2017), through national funds (OE) and where applicable co-financed by the FEDER - Operational Thematic Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization - COMPETE 2020, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Thanks are also due to the Portuguese NMR and Mass Networks. FCT also funded ASMJ PhD grant (2021.06854.BD), Investigator FCT program (PF, IF/00300/2015), and the Scientific Employment Stimulus program (IG, CEECIND/00430/2017; AR, 2021.02803.CEECIND). NMMM thanks FCT for funding through program DL 57/2016 (CDL-CTTRI-048-88-ARH/2018). The authors also acknowledge to POTATOPLASTIC project (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-017938), financed by FEDER through POCI, to Isolago – Indústria de Plásticos, S. A., the project leader, and to A Saloinha, Lda. company for providing the starch-rich potato washing slurries., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2023

10. GLP-1R and IL-6 expression in the gastrointestinal tract of a murine model of metabolic syndrome.

Author

Costa, José, Oliveira, Sofia, Cláudia Pereira, Ana, Soares, Raquel, Baylina, Pilar, Guerreiro, Susana G., Fernandes, Rúben, and Luis, Carla

Subjects
METABOLIC syndrome, GASTROINTESTINAL system, INTERLEUKIN-6, METABOLIC models, HIGH-fat diet, GLUCOSE metabolism, INSULIN
Abstract

Background and aims: Glucose homeostasis is a critical cornerstone in both health and disease. It is described to be regulated by the balance of insulin and glucagon secretion but, this bi-hormonal perspective is long overdue since glucose homeostasis is now known to be a multi-hormonal process. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic features that includes impaired glucose metabolism and obesity. Obesity promotes a low chronic inflammation state due to the release of bioactive molecules like cytokines, ultimately contributing to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT), namely the stomach and intestine, has a vital role not only in the food uptake and absorption but also in the production of incretin hormones, such as GLP-1. We aim to evaluate the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the GIT of a MetS animal model and to assess whether it correlates with inflammatory levels. Material and method: The expression of GLP-1R and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was evaluated in the stomach and intestine of mice subjected to normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD) by immunohistochemistry. Results: We observed that HFD fed animals presented lower levels of GLP-1R in the stomach and intestine when compared with animals fed with ND. Concomitantly, these mice expressed increased levels of IL-6. Conclusions: GLP-1R expression is inversely correlated with the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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11. Kaempferol: a key emphasis to its anticancer potential

Author

Imran, Muhammad, Salehi, Bahare, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Gondal, Tanweer Aslam, Saeed, Farhan, Imran, Ali, Shahbaz, Muhammad, Fokou, Patrick Valere Tsouh, Arshad, Muhammad Umair, Khan, Haroon, Guerreiro, Susana G, Martins, Natalia, Estevinho, Leticia M, Imran, Muhammad, Salehi, Bahare, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Gondal, Tanweer Aslam, Saeed, Farhan, Imran, Ali, Shahbaz, Muhammad, Fokou, Patrick Valere Tsouh, Arshad, Muhammad Umair, Khan, Haroon, Guerreiro, Susana G, Martins, Natalia, and Estevinho, Leticia M

Abstract

A marked decrease in human cancers, including breast cancer, bone cancer, and cervical cancer, has been linked to the consumption of vegetable and fruit, and the corresponding chemoprotective effect has been associated with the presence of several active molecules, such as kaempferol. Kaempferol is a major flavonoid aglycone found in many natural products, such as beans, bee pollen, broccoli, cabbage, capers, cauliflower, chia seeds, chives, cumin, moringa leaves, endive, fennel, and garlic. Kaempferol displays several pharmacological properties, among them antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic activities, and is being applied in cancer chemotherapy. Specifically, kaempferol-rich food has been linked to a decrease in the risk of developing some types of cancers, including skin, liver, and colon. The mechanisms of action include apoptosis, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, downregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathways. In this sense, this article reviews data from experimental studies that investigated the links between kaempferol and kaempferol-rich food intake and cancer prevention. Even though growing evidence supports the use of kaempferol for cancer prevention, further preclinical and clinical investigations using kaempferol or kaempferol-rich foods are of pivotal importance before any public health recommendation or formulation using kaempferol.

Published
2019

14. Kaempferol: A Key Emphasis to Its Anticancer Potential

Author

Imran, Muhammad, primary, Salehi, Bahare, additional, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, additional, Aslam Gondal, Tanweer, additional, Saeed, Farhan, additional, Imran, Ali, additional, Shahbaz, Muhammad, additional, Tsouh Fokou, Patrick Valere, additional, Umair Arshad, Muhammad, additional, Khan, Haroon, additional, Guerreiro, Susana G., additional, Martins, Natália, additional, and Estevinho, Leticia M., additional

Published
2019
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