33 results on '"Grifa, C."'
Search Results
2. Special Issue: Results of the II National Research Project of AIAr: Archaeometric Study of the Frescoes by Saturnino Gatti and Workshop at the Church of San Panfilo in Tornimparte (AQ, Italy)
- Author
-
Galli, A, Alberghina, M, Re, A, Magrini, D, Grifa, C, Ponterio, R, La Russa, M, Galli A., Alberghina M. F., Re A., Magrini D., Grifa C., Ponterio R. C., La Russa M. F., Galli, A, Alberghina, M, Re, A, Magrini, D, Grifa, C, Ponterio, R, La Russa, M, Galli A., Alberghina M. F., Re A., Magrini D., Grifa C., Ponterio R. C., and La Russa M. F.
- Published
- 2023
3. Antifouling Mortars for Underwater Restoration
- Author
-
Governo Italiano, Comunidad de Madrid, Ricca, M., Ruffolo, S.A., La Russa, M.F., Rispoli, C., Grifa, C., Aránzazu Sierra Fernández, Fort González, Rafael, Randazzo, L., Governo Italiano, Comunidad de Madrid, Ricca, M., Ruffolo, S.A., La Russa, M.F., Rispoli, C., Grifa, C., Aránzazu Sierra Fernández, Fort González, Rafael, and Randazzo, L.
- Abstract
This research has focused on the assessment of the compositional features and mechanical and antifouling performances of two different mortars formulated for an underwater setting, and which contain Mg(OH) as an antifouling agent. Regarding the mechanical characterization, the uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. The composition of the materials was explored by differential thermal/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRPD), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS microanalysis. The assessment of the biological colonization was evaluated with colorimetric analysis and image analysis. The results suggest that both mortars have good mechanical resistance once set underwater. Moreover, the adding of Mg(OH) improves the resistance toward biofouling; this was observed both in laboratory and sea-exposed specimens.
- Published
- 2022
4. Results of diagnostic campaign promoted by AIAr in the deposits of the Archaeological Museum of Paestum
- Author
-
Oddo, M, Ricci, P, Angelici, D, Fantino, F, Sibilia, E, Alberghina, M, Schiavone, S, Grifa, C, Mercurio, M, Germinario, C, Izzo, F, Langella, A, Massa, E, Bracci, S, Magrini, D, Costa, R, Pelagotti, A, Zuchtriegel, G, Lubritto, C, Oddo, M. E, Ricci, P., Angelici, D., Fantino, F., Sibilia, E., Alberghina, M. F, Schiavone, S., Grifa, C., Mercurio, M., Germinario, C., Izzo, F., Langella, A., Massa, E., Bracci, S., Magrini, D., Costa, R., Pelagotti, A., Zuchtriegel, G., Lubritto, C., Oddo, M, Ricci, P, Angelici, D, Fantino, F, Sibilia, E, Alberghina, M, Schiavone, S, Grifa, C, Mercurio, M, Germinario, C, Izzo, F, Langella, A, Massa, E, Bracci, S, Magrini, D, Costa, R, Pelagotti, A, Zuchtriegel, G, Lubritto, C, Oddo, M. E, Ricci, P., Angelici, D., Fantino, F., Sibilia, E., Alberghina, M. F, Schiavone, S., Grifa, C., Mercurio, M., Germinario, C., Izzo, F., Langella, A., Massa, E., Bracci, S., Magrini, D., Costa, R., Pelagotti, A., Zuchtriegel, G., and Lubritto, C.
- Abstract
Thirty artefacts from the Archaeological Park of Paestum were investigated by means of scientific techniques on the occasion of the 2016 exhibition 'Possessione. Trafugamenti e falsi di antichita a Paestum'. The multi-analytic diagnostic campaign was aimed at identifying forgeries. Results provided a deeper understanding of both ancient technology and contemporary forgery techniques.
- Published
- 2018
5. Non-invasive characterization of the pigment’s palette used on the painted tomb slabs at Paestum archaeological site
- Author
-
Alberghina, M. F., primary, Germinario, C., additional, Bartolozzi, G., additional, Bracci, S., additional, Grifa, C., additional, Izzo, F., additional, La Russa, M.F., additional, Magrini, D., additional, Massa, E., additional, Mercurio, M., additional, Mollica Nardo, V., additional, Oddo, M.E., additional, Pagnotta, S. M., additional, Pelagotti, A., additional, Ponterio, R. C., additional, Ricci, P., additional, Rovella, N., additional, Ruffolo, S. A., additional, Schiavone, S., additional, Spagnuolo, A., additional, Vetromile, C., additional, Zuchtriegel, G., additional, and Lubritto, C., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mineralogical and geochemical data on metallic artifacts from the National Archaeological Museum of the Agro Picentino – Pontecagnano (Salerno)
- Author
-
BALASSONE, GIUSEPPINA, Mercurio, M., Grimaldi, C., Germinaro, C., Grifa, C., Langella, A., Di Maio, G., Scala, S., Iacoe, A., Balassone, Giuseppina, Mercurio, M., Grimaldi, C., Germinaro, C., Grifa, C., Langella, A., Di Maio, G., Scala, S., and Iacoe, A.
- Subjects
metallic objects, Pontecagnano museum, Bronze Age, Iron age, IV-V century - Abstract
Pontecagnano (SE of Salerno) archaeological site, the ancient town of Amina (renamed “Picentia” by the Romans) is the largest Etruscan outpost in the south (Camporeale, 2013; Cerchiai, 2013; Cuozzo, 2013). Archaeological investigations - started since the 1960s - certify the area has been inhabited as early as late Neolithic. At the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC the area was settled by peoples of Gaudo culture, probably immigrated from Anatolia. Gaudo population worked metals, as testified from copper daggers and other weapons excavated from more than 9.000 tombs in the area. The National Archaeological Museum of the Agro Picentino was instituted in 2007 and contains more than 8000 findings mainly related to tomb outfits (Tocco, 2007). The main Etruscan settlement was founded between the end of the X and beginning of IX century b.C. on the left side of the Picentino river. The period of its greatest development was the “Orientalizing” age (end of VIII-VII century b.C.), when great and wealthy aristocratic families (the so-called “Princes”) took the power, as also testified by precious artifacts found in the Pontecagnano burials. Then, the settlement took urban connotations, becoming a frontier community. This work deals with mineralogical and geochemical characterization of various metallic artifacts spanning in age from early Eneolithic/Bronze Age to IV century b.C. by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and micro Xray fluorescence m-XRF. The objects are of different types (fibulae, rings, earrings, spears, pins, ingots, slags, etc.), and are mainly composed of lead, copper, silver and bronze. The bronze artifacts are high-Sn (17.3 to 27.4 %, Sn), as expected by ancient alloys; lead and iron, as well as titanium and nickel to a lesser extent, can be also present as minor to trace components. The silver artifacts can contain small amounts of copper, iron and gold; in one case a copper object (91.4 % Cu) also shows other metallic components, as lead (4.8 %), bismuth (2.6 %) and iron (1.1 %). Interesting microstructures are also observed. Finally, the combined use of two spectroscopic techniques allowed us to verify the potential of m-XRF in archaeometallurgy sector in order to carry out non-destructive and non-invasive analyses. Camporeale G. 2013. Vetulonia e Pontecagnano. Due centri etruschi della prima età del Ferro. In: F. Cerchiai L. (2013) Tra Capua e Pontecagnano. La valle del Sarno e la Campania interna tra il Ferro e l’Orientalizzante. In: F. Rafanelli (Ed.) Vetulonia, Pontecagnano e Capua. Vite parallele di tre città etrusche. ARA Edizioni, 30-33. Cuozzo M. 2013. I “principi” di Pontecagnano. In: F. Rafanelli (Ed.) Vetulonia, Pontecagnano e Capua. Vite parallele di tre città etrusche. ARA Edizioni, 40-43. Tocco G. 2007. Guida al Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Pontecagnano. Soprintendenza Beni Archeologici SA-AV-BN, 50 p.
- Published
- 2016
7. Multi-analytical characterization and provenance identification of protohistoric metallic artefacts from Picentia-Pontecagnano and the Sarno valley sites, Campania, Italy
- Author
-
Balassone, G, Mercurio, M, Germinario, C, Grifa, C, Villa, I, Di Maio, G, Scala, S, de’ Gennaro, R, Petti, C, Del Re, M, Langella, A, Balassone, Giuseppina, Mercurio, Mariano, Germinario, Chiara, Grifa, Celestino, Villa, Igor Maria, Di Maio, Giovanni, Scala, Serenella, de’ Gennaro, Roberto, Petti, Carmela, Del Re, Maria Carmela, Langella, Alessio, Balassone, G, Mercurio, M, Germinario, C, Grifa, C, Villa, I, Di Maio, G, Scala, S, de’ Gennaro, R, Petti, C, Del Re, M, Langella, A, Balassone, Giuseppina, Mercurio, Mariano, Germinario, Chiara, Grifa, Celestino, Villa, Igor Maria, Di Maio, Giovanni, Scala, Serenella, de’ Gennaro, Roberto, Petti, Carmela, Del Re, Maria Carmela, and Langella, Alessio
- Abstract
Protohistoric metal objects coming from the archaeological sites of Pontecagnano (Salerno, Italy) and Striano (Naples, Italy), preserved in the Pontecagnano National Archaeological Museum and the Paleontological Museum of Naples University “Federico II” have been studied by means of an archaeometric approach. A multi-analytical procedure including X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) and lead isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LIRMS), was used to characterize these objects thus providing hypotheses on the possible provenance of metallic raw materials. The investigated samples are represented by lead, silver, copper and tin bronze-based objects. Corrosion processes affecting the bronze objects were recognized as well as crusts and patinae at different stages of evolution. LIRMS analyses suggested that most of Pontecagnano artifacts were manufactured with metals from southern Tuscany, where important metal reserves were located. On the other hand, due to the limited number of samples, the provenance of the Striano objects cannot be unambiguously identified although data so far available suggest a Sardinian source.
- Published
- 2018
8. The mafic alkaline volcanism of SW Madagascar (Ankililoaka, Tulear region): 40Ar/39Ar ages, geochemistry and tectonic setting
- Author
-
Cucciniello, C., Le Roex, A., Jourdan, Fred, Morra, V., Grifa, C., Franciosi, L., Melluso, L., Cucciniello, C., Le Roex, A., Jourdan, Fred, Morra, V., Grifa, C., Franciosi, L., and Melluso, L.
- Abstract
High-precision40Ar/39Ar ages, major and trace element, and radiogenic isotope data are presented for the basanites and alkali basalts forming the southwesternmost monogenetic volcanic field in Madagascar. The volcanic rocks were erupted along fissure zones and aligned cones in a nearly flat area covered by the Cenozoic sediments of the Morondava basin. The high-precision40Ar/39Ar ages constrain the beginning of the magmatism in the Ankililoaka area to about 12 Ma, significantly earlier than suggested by previously published K/Ar ages. The Ankililoaka basanites include primitive compositions (MgO >10 wt%, Ni >200 ppm and Cr >400 ppm), whereas other basanites and alkali basalts experienced limited removal of olivine, chromiferous spinel and clinopyroxene. Initial Sr and Nd isotope ratios of the basanites are 0.70343–0.70445 and 0.51279–0.51282, respectively. The Pb isotope compositions are in the ranges206Pb/204Pb = 19.08–19.38,207Pb/204Pb = 15.61–15.64 and208Pb/204Pb = 39.1–39.4. The alkali basalts have similar87Sr/86Sr,143Nd/144Nd and207Pb/204Pb, but slightly lower206Pb/204Pb and208Pb/204Pb than the basanites. The isotopic composition of the Ankililoaka rocks partially overlaps with that of the Cenozoic volcanic mafic rocks of northern Madagascar, and differs significantly from that of the mafic volcanic rocks of central Madagascar, which have lower206Pb/204Pb and207Pb/204Pb, and higher87Sr/86Sr. Major and trace element systematics and geochemical modelling suggest that the Ankililoaka mafic alkaline rocks are low-degree melts of an incompatible element enriched peridotite source starting from depths where garnet is stable. Crustal contamination during ascent was insignificant. We argue that the genesis of the Ankililoaka alkaline magmas was triggered by melting an enriched, volatile-rich lithospheric mantle uplifted in the Cenozoic.
- Published
- 2018
9. Thin walled pottery from Alife (Northern Campania, Italy)
- Author
-
Grifa, C, De Bonis, A, Guarino, V, Petrone, CM, Germinario, C, Mercurio, M, Soricelli, G, Langella, A, Morra, V, Grifa, C., DE BONIS, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Petrone, C. M., Germinario, C., Mercurio, M., Soricelli, G., Langella, A., and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
Thin walled pottery ,Alife ,Volturno river clays ,Grain Size Analyses ,levigation ,Thin walled pottery, Alife, Volturno river clays, Grain Size Analyses, levigation ,Volturno river clay ,Grain Size analyse - Abstract
The ancient town of Allifae (modern Alife) represents one of the most interesting settlements of the Northern Campania area that, together with the ancient city of Cales, was a thriving production centre of pottery. Excavations carried out inside the city wall, near the south gate, the so-called Porta Fiume, unearthed a huge dump of thin walled ware where the most abundant forms were cups and beakers, decorated with grooves or rouletting. The dump has been dated Augustan/ early Tiberian age (20 b.C.- 20 AD) and the thin walled vessels found can be identified with similar wares from Allifae, Cubulteria, Caiatia and perhaps Neapolis. Horace in his Sermones (II, 8,39) cited the Allifana beakers (described as fictiles ac subtiles by a Horace scholiast) and they could possibly be identified with the thin walled wares produced in Allifae. If this the case, then the thin walled vessels produced in Allifae were known in Rome as early as the end of I century B.C. In order to investigate and characterise the Allifae thin-walled pottery, twenty-one samples were selected and mineralogical-petrographic analyses (OM, XRPD, XRF and SEM/EDS) were carried out. The clayey raw material used was a low-CaO alluvial clayey deposit from the Middle Valley of the Volturno River. The potters probably handled the sediment by a levigation process in order to remove the coarser grains, and making the clay suitable to produce such thin walls. Comparison with other regional production of thin-walled pottery allowed us to strictly distinguish the Allifana beakers.
- Published
- 2015
10. Results of diagnostic campaign promoted by AIAr in the deposits of the Archaeological Museum of Paestum
- Author
-
Oddo, M. E, primary, Ricci, P., additional, Angelici, D., additional, Fantino, F., additional, Sibilia, E., additional, Alberghina, M. F, additional, Schiavone, S., additional, Grifa, C., additional, Mercurio, M., additional, Germinario, C., additional, Izzo, F., additional, Langella, A., additional, Massa, E., additional, Bracci, S., additional, Magrini, D., additional, Costa, R., additional, Pelagotti, A., additional, Zuchtriegel, G., additional, and Lubritto, C., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Thin walled pottery from Alife (Northern Campania, Italy)
- Author
-
Grifa, C, De Bonis, A, Guarino, V, Petrone, CM, Germinario, C, Mercurio, M, Soricelli, G, Langella, A, Morra, V, Grifa, C, De Bonis, A, Guarino, V, Petrone, CM, Germinario, C, Mercurio, M, Soricelli, G, Langella, A, and Morra, V
- Abstract
The file attached is the published version of the article., NHM Repository
- Published
- 2017
12. From olivine nephelinite, basanite and basalt to peralkaline trachyphonolite and comendite in the Ankaratra volcanic complex, Madagascar: 40Ar/39Ar ages, phase compositions and bulk-rock geochemical and isotopic evolution
- Author
-
Cucciniello, C., Melluso, L., le Roex, A., Jourdan, Fred, Morra, V., de Gennaro, R., Grifa, C., Cucciniello, C., Melluso, L., le Roex, A., Jourdan, Fred, Morra, V., de Gennaro, R., and Grifa, C.
- Abstract
The Ankaratra volcanic field covers an area of ~ 3800 km2 in central Madagascar and comprises of lava flows, lava domes, scoria cones, tuff rings and maars emplaced at different ages (Miocene to Recent). The volcanic products include ultramafic-mafic (olivine-leucite nephelinite, basanite, alkali basalt, hawaiite and tholeiitic basalt), intermediate (mugearite and benmoreite) and felsic rocks (trachyphonolite, quartz trachyte and rhyolite), the latter often peralkaline. The 40Ar/39Ar determinations for mafic lavas yield ages of 17.45 ± 0.12 Ma, 16.63 ± 0.08 Ma and 8.62 ± 0.09 Ma, indicating a prolonged magmatic activity. The mineralogical and geochemical variations suggest that the magmatic evolution of the alkali basalt-hawaiite-mugearite-benmoreite-trachyte series can be accounted for by removal of olivine, feldspars, clinopyroxene, Fe-Ti oxides and accessory phases, producing residual trachytic and trachyphonolitic compositions mineralogically very similar to those of other volcanic areas and tectonic settings. The Ankaratra olivine leucite nephelinites, basanites and tholeiitic basalts do not seem to be associated with significant amounts of evolved comagmatic rocks. The 87Sr/86Sr (0.70504–0.71012), 143Nd/144Nd (0.51259–0.51244) and 206Pb/204Pb (17.705–18.563) isotopic ratios of trachytes and comendite are consistent with open-system processes. However, other trachyphonolites have 143Nd/144Nd (0.51280), 206Pb/204Pb (18.648), 207Pb/204Pb (15.582) and 208Pb/204Pb (38.795) similar to those of mafic rocks, suggesting differentiation processes without appreciable interaction with crustal materials. The Ankaratra volcanism is to be directly linked to a broadly E-W-trending intracontinental extension. A large-scale thermal anomaly, associated with an anomalously hot source region, is not required to explain the Cenozoic magmatism of Madagascar.
- Published
- 2017
13. Natural zeolites and white wines from Campania region (Southern Italy): a new contribution for solving some oenological problems
- Author
-
Mercurio M., Mercurio V., DE GENNARO, BRUNO, DE GENNARO, MAURIZIO, Grifa C., Langella A., MORRA, VINCENZO, Mercurio, M., Mercurio, V., DE GENNARO, Bruno, DE GENNARO, Maurizio, Grifa, C., Langella, A., and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
protein stability ,bentonite ,tartaric stability ,white wine ,zeolitized tuff - Abstract
The purpose of this research is to provide a new mixture of Campanian zeolitized tuffs for solving two specific problems in the production of white wines: the protein and tartaric stability. In fact, a very frequent cause of turbidity and formation of organic deposits in white wines is the occurrence of thermolabile and thermostable proteins colloidal suspensions which precipitate in time, especially in summertime and during the storage and transport. Normally, to mitigate this risk wine producers use organic and inorganic stabilizers and clarifiers. The best known treatment, recognized also by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) foresees the use of bentonite with a montmorillonite content not lower than 80%. The present paper aims at evaluating the use of two high zeolite grade Italian volcanoclastites such as the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) and the Yellow Facies of the Campanian Ignimbrite (YFCI), in the treatment of three peculiar white wines of the Campanian region (Southern Italy): Falanghina, Fiano di Avellino and Greco di Tufo. Granulates were produced starting from tuff blocks as provided by quarries. Some grain size fractions have been prepared to investigate the zeolite content (phillipsite + chabazite + analcime) by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A 2-5 mm grain size fraction was chosen for NYT and a 5-10 mm for YFCI. Three Campanian monocultivar white wines were used for the test: the Falanghina 2006 vintage, the Fiano di Avellino DOCG 2007 vintage, and the Greco di Tufo DOCG 2008 vintage. 48 samples with mixture of the zeolitized tuffs, 1 sample with mixture of a synthetic zeolite A and 1 sample with mixture of a commercial sodium activated bentonite were prepared. ICP-OES analysis for the determination of ECEC, Ion Chromatography (IC) analyses for the determination of some major cations and Turbidimetric tests for the definition of the protein stabilization process before and after treatments were also carried out. It was evidenced that high zeolitized tuff/wine ratios enable the protein stabilization whereas a significant decrease of potassium ion after the treatment with a zeolite-rich powder improves the tartaric stability, a serious problem in all the wine productions. The results of these tests refer to a laboratory scale research. A transfer of the experiment to a pilot plant scale is in progress.
- Published
- 2010
14. Missione archeologica Vivara – Aspetti della ricerca scientifica degli ultimi anni
- Author
-
Bertino, F., Carpentieri, A., Alberto De Bonis, Germinario, C., Giardino, C., Grifa, C., Vincenza GUARINO, Looz, L., Marazzi, M., Morra, V., Pepe, C., Leopoldo Repola, Scotto Di Carlo, N., Scotto Di Covella, M., Tilia, S., Trojsi, G., Zappatore, T., Bertino, F., Carpentieri, A., De Bonis, A., Germinario, C., Giardino, C., Grifa, C., Guarino, V., Looz, L., Marazzi, M., Morra, V., Pepe, C., Repola, L., Scotto Di Carlo, N., Scotto Di Covella, M., Tilia, S., Trojsi, G., and Zappatore, T.
- Subjects
Protostoria, Campania, Età del Bronzo, Archeometallurgia - Abstract
The island of Vivara represents today one of the most important sites for the study of the relations between the Mycenaean world and Western Mediterranean cultures of the Bronze Age. This report presents the most significant results acquired through archaeological excavations in the last decade of research: the main housing structures, the corpus of Aegean-Mycenaean ceramics, the study of the topographical characteristics of the settlement, the traces of the ancient prehistoric port preserved under the surface of the sea. Further important results in the fields of petrographic, bioarchaeological, archaeometallurgical and three-dimensional surveys carried out with scanlaser, stereophotogrammetry and aerofotogrammetry are added.
15. The Tomb of the Diver and the frescoed tombs in Paestum (southern Italy): New insights from a comparative archaeometric study
- Author
-
Carmine Lubritto, R. C. Ponterio, Emanuela Massa, Francesco Izzo, Salvatore Schiavone, Viviana Mollica Nardo, Mariano Mercurio, Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo, Celestino Grifa, Susanna Bracci, Maria Francesca Alberghina, Mauro Francesco La Russa, Antonio Spagnuolo, Anna Pelagotti, Paola Ricci, Gabriel Zuchtriegel, Donata Magrini, Maria Emanuela Oddo, Carmela Vetromile, Giovanni Bartolozzi, Chiara Germinario, Stefano Maria Pagnotta, Natalia Rovella, Alberghina, M. F., Germinario, C., Bartolozzi, G., Bracci, S., Grifa, C., Izzo, F., la Russa, M. F., Magrini, D., Massa, E., Mercurio, M., Nardo, V. M., Oddo, M. E., Pagnotta, S. M., Pelagotti, A., Ponterio, R. C., Ricci, P., Rovella, N., Ruffolo, S. A., Schiavone, S., Spagnuolo, A., Vetromile, C., Zuchtriegel, G., Lubritto, C., Alberghina M. F., Germinario C., Bartolozzi G., Bracci S., Grifa C., Izzo F., la Russa M. F., Magrini D., Massa E., Mercurio M., Nardo V. M., Oddo M. E., Pagnotta S. M., Pelagotti A., Ponterio R. C., Ricci P., Rovella N., Ruffolo S. A., Schiavone S., Spagnuolo A., Vetromile C., Zuchtriegel G., and Lubritto C.
- Subjects
Pigments ,History ,Light ,Raw Materials ,Social Sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,archaeometric study ,Painting ,Paestum, archaeometry, the tomb of Diver ,Parallels ,Materials ,History, Ancient ,Minerals ,Multidisciplinary ,Physics ,Electromagnetic Radiation ,Calcite ,Historical Article ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Built Structures ,Mineralogy ,Chemistry ,Archaeology ,Italy ,paestum ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,Engineering and Technology ,0210 nano-technology ,Human ,Research Article ,Chemical Elements ,Visible Light ,Context (archaeology) ,Structural Engineering ,Science ,Materials Science ,Ancient history ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Humans ,Chemical Characterization ,tomb of the diver ,010401 analytical chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Temperature Analysis ,Earth Sciences ,frescoed tombs ,Paintings - Abstract
The Tomb of the Diver has been subject for many decades of fierce debate among archaeologists and classicists. Since its discovery in 1968, some scholars have considered it a unique example of the lost tradition of Greek painting, others have emphasized Etruscan or Italic parallels. More recently, a possible local production has been suggested. With the aim of trying to solve the archaeological question, an archaeometric comparison among this well-known artwork and several frescoed tombs coming from Hellenistic and Lucan necropolis was carried out. The multi-analytical study was focused on the identification of peculiar features of executive techniques and raw materials since the first period of the archaeological site. The analytical investigation has been preliminary based on a non-destructive approach, performed in-situ by portable equipment including imaging diagnostics and compositional spectroscopic techniques for identifying pigments and the conservation state of original painted surface; subsequently, a further deepening by using destructive techniques was performed in-lab for the mortar-based supports characterization. Archaeometric study suggested that technological choices slightly changed in a time span of about two centuries, highlighting important markers that allow clustering the contemporary artistic productions. Moreover, a comparison with mortars from temples decorations was provided to better understand the whole artistic context. The archaeometric data showed that the Tomb of the Diver could be traced back to a local artisanal tradition and therefore is neither Etruscan nor Greek, but the first and foremost an expression of the local elite culture of Paestum.
- Published
- 2020
16. Results of diagnostic campaign promoted by AIAr in the deposits of the Archaeological Museum of Paestum
- Author
-
D. Angelici, G. Zuchtriegel, Susanna Bracci, Anna Pelagotti, Emanuela Sibilia, Salvatore Schiavone, Alessio Langella, Celestino Grifa, M. E. Oddo, Francesco Izzo, Donata Magrini, R. Costa, Mariano Mercurio, Chiara Germinario, F. Fantino, Maria Francesca Alberghina, Carmine Lubritto, Emanuela Massa, Paola Ricci, Oddo, M. E., Ricci, P., Angelici, D., Fantino, F., Sibilia, E., Alberghina, M. F., Schiavone, S., Grifa, C., Mercurio, M., Germinario, C., Izzo, F., Langella, A., Massa, E., Bracci, S., Magrini, D., Costa, R., Pelagotti, A., Zuchtriegel, G., Lubritto, C., Oddo, M, Ricci, P, Angelici, D, Fantino, F, Sibilia, E, Alberghina, M, Schiavone, S, Grifa, C, Mercurio, M, Germinario, C, Izzo, F, Langella, A, Massa, E, Bracci, S, Magrini, D, Costa, R, Pelagotti, A, Zuchtriegel, G, and Lubritto, C
- Subjects
FORS ,Engineering (all) ,VIL imaging techniques ,media_common.quotation_subject ,XRF ,Materials Science (all) ,Art ,TR-FTIR ,Thermoluminescence dating ,Raman ,Archaeology ,Ancient technologies, Paestum ,media_common - Abstract
Thirty artefacts from the Archaeological Park of Paestum were investigated by means of scientific techniques on the occasion of the 2016 exhibition 'Possessione. Trafugamenti e falsi di antichita a Paestum'. The multi-analytic diagnostic campaign was aimed at identifying forgeries. Results provided a deeper understanding of both ancient technology and contemporary forgery techniques.
- Published
- 2018
17. Chabazite from Campanian Ignimbrite Tuff as a Potential and Sustainable Remediation Agent for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Water
- Author
-
Francesco Izzo, Alessio Langella, Bruno de Gennaro, Chiara Germinario, Celestino Grifa, Concetta Rispoli, Mariano Mercurio, Izzo, F., Langella, A., de Gennaro, B., Germinario, C., Grifa, C., Rispoli, C., and Mercurio, M.
- Subjects
Circular economy ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,NSAIDs ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Water ,TJ807-830 ,zeolites ,chabazite-rich tuff ,Environment ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,minerals ,TD194-195 ,NSAID ,Renewable energy sources ,Green revolution and ecology transition ,Environmental sciences ,SMNZ ,ibuprofen ,green revolution and ecology transition ,water ,environment ,circular economy ,GE1-350 ,Mineral - Abstract
The technological performance of a chabazite-rich rock belonging to the Campanian Ignimbrite formation, outcropping in the nearby of San Mango sul Calore (southern Italy), has been evaluated for the sorption and release of ibuprofen sodium salt after a surface modification of the starting geomaterial using two different chlorinated surfactants. Equilibrium sorption isotherms and in vitro loading tests demonstrated that the maximum sorption capacities of this geomaterial reach up to 24.5 and 13.5 mg/g, respectively, for zeolite modified with cetylpyridinium and benzalkonium. These results, obtained by non-linear mathematical modeling of the experimental curves, are definitely compatible with the concentrations of the most common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) in wastewaters, which have been recently considered as contaminants of emerging concern. This investigation also encourages a new possible sustainable exploitation of the lithified yellow facies of Campanian Ignimbrite, although future developments will be focused on using more stable and eco-friendlier two-tailed surfactants.
- Published
- 2022
18. Alkaline rocks of the Bobaomby volcanic field point to a petrogenetic link between Comoros and northern Madagascar lithosphere
- Author
-
Ciro Cucciniello, Celestino Grifa, Roberto de’Gennaro, Luigi Franciosi, Ivana Rocco, Vincenzo Morra, Leone Melluso, Cucciniello, C., Grifa, C., De'Gennaro, R., Franciosi, L., Rocco, I., Morra, V., and Melluso, L.
- Subjects
Basanite ,Northern Madagascar ,Bobaomby ,Nephelinite ,Phonolite ,Lamprophyre ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Cumulate rock ,Tephrite - Abstract
The Bobaomby volcanic field (10–11 Ma) is the northernmost volcanic area of Madagascar, and is a monogenetic volcanic field comprising outcrops of lava flows, dykes, scoria cones, tuff rings and plugs, widely scattered over an area of roughly 500 km2. The volcanic rocks range in composition from nephelinite, basanite and tephrite, through tephritic phonolite, to F- and Cl-rich peralkaline phonolite (MgO from 13 to 0.01 wt%), and the serial affinity varies from sodic to potassic. A few mica-amphibole-rich lamprophyric dykes have tephritic composition and ultrapotassic affinity. The mafic lavas host intrusive xenoliths with evident cumulate features (wehrlites, composite olivine gabbros s.l., amphibole clinopyroxenites and “kaersutitites”), as well as various types of mantle-derived xenoliths and xenocrysts in the most primitive rocks. The very wide compositional variations of the observed phases (olivine, clinopyroxene, amphibole, oxides, feldspars, feldspathoids, apatite, titanite, aenigmatite and other accessories) in lavas, dykes and cognate xenoliths are fully consistent with the variable degree of differentiation of the host lavas/dykes, and pointing out to limited open-system or polybaric crystallization. The mafic lavas have marked enrichment in incompatible elements and light rare-earth element (LREE) (e.g., Lan/Ybn = 19–27), whereas concave REE patterns are found in the peralkaline phonolites, as a result of removal of accessory titanite starting from tephritic phonolite magmas. The gabbroic/ultramafic xenoliths are interpreted as crustal cumulates of basanitic and tephritic magmas. Several liquid lines of descent in the basanites and tephrites are evident from the trace-element distribution, and from the differing geochemistry of the evolved rocks. The isotopic compositions reach extreme values (e.g., 206Pb/204Pb = 20.065 in the ultrapotassic lamprophyre) when compared to the rest of the Cenozoic/Recent Madagascan volcanic rocks, but similar to those of the Comoros archipelago, suggesting analogies of mantle sources and enrichment processes in the lithosphere of this volcanic archipelago. The origin of the Bobaomby mafic rocks is compatible from a derivation from low degree partial melting of an incompatible element-enriched peridotite source (possibly located in the lowermost lithospheric mantle) rich in volatile-rich phases (pargasite, locally also phlogopite and possibly carbonates), matching the sources of other Cenozoic volcanic areas throughout Madagascar, and perhaps Comoros.
- Published
- 2022
19. A banquet scene in a tomb of Cuma (southern Italy): the study of wall paintings to shed light on Roman technological skills in 'building for eternity'
- Author
-
Chiara Germinario, Sabrina Pagano, Mariano Mercurio, Francesco Izzo, Alberto De Bonis, Vincenzo Morra, Priscilla Munzi, Marcella Leone, Elisa Conca, Celestino Grifa, Germinario, C., Pagano, S., Mercurio, M., Izzo, F., De Bonis, A., Morra, V., Munzi, P., Leone, M., Conca, E., and Grifa, C.
- Abstract
Excavations at the north-eastern side of the city Cumae (modern Cuma) brought to light the Tomba del Banchetto per l’Eternità, a hypogeum chamber tomb with vaulted ceiling built in tuff blocks dated back to the first decades of the 1st century BCE. The exceptional nature of the discovery, resembling an Oscan tradition, is due to the peculiar decorative scheme, reporting a banquet scene and three funerary beds along with a table, reproducing a sort of triclinium.The investigation performed on decorated plasters, in situ by a spectroscopic approach and in-lab via minero-petrographic techniques, allowed us to infer the production technology of wall paintings and mortar-based support, and the type of pigments used for decorating the tomb.The multi-layered plasters were made with specific mix-designs in the different part of the tomb; similarly, different painting techniques were adopted according to the architectural scheme. In the lower part of the walls, lime cocciopesto mortars adhere on the tuff blocks, likely to lend better hydraulic properties to the mortar-based supports in humid and wet environments. This part of the tomb, as well as the funerary beds, was painted in red using the fresco technique. On the other hand, in the upper part of walls and on the vault, the arriccio layer, containing volcanic sand, was covered with a thick and white intonachino layer composed of lime binder, constituting the support for the pictorial layer, applied with a mezzo fresco technique.The investigation on pigments used for wall paintings points out to the use of a characteristic Roman palette, consisting of pure, natural and synthetic pigments (calcite, red and yellow ochre, hematite, organic black pigments, Egyptian blue), and skilful mixtures of colouring materials (mixture of yellow ochre and organic carbon black for the brown, mixture of kaolinite-rich clay, Egyptian blue, and Fe-oxides for grey and mixture of organic –madder- and inorganic pigments for pink).Geographical Coordinates: 40°51’3.13’’N; 14°3’27.33’’E
- Published
- 2022
20. The early porcelain kilns of Arita: Identification of raw materials and their use from the 17th to the 19th century
- Author
-
Riccardo Montanari, Nobuyuki Murakami, Alberto De Bonis, Philippe Colomban, Maria Francesca Alberghina, Celestino Grifa, Francesco Izzo, Vincenzo Morra, Claudia Pelosi, Salvatore Schiavone, Montanari, R., Murakami, N., De Bonis, A., Colomban, P., Alberghina, M. F., Grifa, C., Izzo, F., Morra, V., Pelosi, C., and Schiavone, S.
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,TP785-869 ,Ryumon ,Arita clay ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Shirakawa ,Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass ,Izumiyama ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Japanese porcelain - Abstract
Porcelain stone used at the early kilns of Arita, Japan, has never been identified due to the lack of written records. Ryumon and Shirakawa deposits are considered to have possibly been exploited before Izumiyama was discovered in the early 1630s, but there are no records or any previous scientific research aimed at resolving such crucial issue. This work presents the first systematic scientific study of clays from the three deposits and shards excavated at early kiln sites. Portable ED-XRF and SEM-EDS were used to identify the chemical compositions of bodies, glazes, and geochemical characteristics of clays. XRD, TG-DSC, and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy were also used for the mineralogical characterization of clay bodies. Results show that the earliest production was marked by the mineralogical characteristics of the available raw materials. A gradual improvement in material selection and processing will lead to the development of the nigoshide (milky-white) body in the mid-17th century.
- Published
- 2022
21. Antifouling Mortars for Underwater Restoration
- Author
-
Michela Ricca, Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo, Mauro Francesco La Russa, Concetta Rispoli, Celestino Grifa, Aranzazu Sierra-Fernández, Rafael Fort, Luciana Randazzo, Ricca M., Ruffolo S.A., La Russa M.F., Rispoli C., Grifa C., Sierra-Fernandez A., Fort R., Randazzo L., Governo Italiano, Comunidad de Madrid, Ricca, Michela, Ruffolo, Silvestro Antonio, La Russa, Mauro Francesco, Rispoli, Concetta, Grifa, Celestino, Sierra-Fernández, Aranzazu, Fort, Rafael, and Randazzo, Luciana
- Subjects
restoration ,geomaterials ,biofouling, geomaterials, magnesium hydroxide, mortars, nanoparticles, restoration, submerged sites ,General Chemical Engineering ,biofouling ,submerged sites ,Petrología ,nanoparticles ,General Materials Science ,mortars ,magnesium hydroxide ,Settore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult - Abstract
This research has focused on the assessment of the compositional features and mechanical and antifouling performances of two different mortars formulated for an underwater setting, and which contain Mg(OH)2 as an antifouling agent. Regarding the mechanical characterization, the uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. The composition of the materials was explored by differential thermal/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRPD), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS microanalysis. The assessment of the biological colonization was evaluated with colorimetric analysis and image analysis. The results suggest that both mortars have good mechanical resistance once set underwater. Moreover, the adding of Mg(OH)2 improves the resistance toward biofouling; this was observed both in laboratory and sea-exposed specimens.
- Published
- 2022
22. The mafic alkaline volcanism of SW Madagascar (Ankililoaka, Tulear region): 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages, geochemistry and tectonic setting
- Author
-
Ciro Cucciniello, A. P. Le Roex, Fred Jourdan, Luigi Franciosi, Leone Melluso, Celestino Grifa, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Cucciniello, C., Le Roex, A. P., Jourdan, F., Morra, V., Grifa, C., Franciosi, L., and Melluso, L.
- Subjects
Peridotite ,Basalt ,Incompatible element ,geography ,Olivine ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Geochemistry ,Trace element ,Geology ,engineering.material ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Mantle (geology) ,Volcanic rock ,engineering ,Mafic ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
High-precision 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages, major and trace element, and radiogenic isotope data are presented for the basanites and alkali basalts forming the southwesternmost monogenetic volcanic field in Madagascar. The volcanic rocks were erupted along fissure zones and aligned cones in a nearly flat area covered by the Cenozoic sediments of the Morondava basin. The high-precision 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages constrain the beginning of the magmatism in the Ankililoaka area to about 12 Ma, significantly earlier than suggested by previously published K/Ar ages. The Ankililoaka basanites include primitive compositions (MgO >10 wt%, Ni >200 ppm and Cr >400 ppm), whereas other basanites and alkali basalts experienced limited removal of olivine, chromiferous spinel and clinopyroxene. Initial Sr and Nd isotope ratios of the basanites are 0.70343–0.70445 and 0.51279–0.51282, respectively. The Pb isotope compositions are in the ranges 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 19.08–19.38, 207 Pb/ 204 Pb = 15.61–15.64 and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb = 39.1–39.4. The alkali basalts have similar 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, 143 Nd/ 144 Nd and 207 Pb/ 204 Pb, but slightly lower 206 Pb/ 204 Pb and 208 Pb/ 204 Pb than the basanites. The isotopic composition of the Ankililoaka rocks partially overlaps with that of the Cenozoic volcanic mafic rocks of northern Madagascar, and differs significantly from that of the mafic volcanic rocks of central Madagascar, which have lower 206 Pb/ 204 Pb and 207 Pb/ 204 Pb, and higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr. Major and trace element systematics and geochemical modelling suggest that the Ankililoaka mafic alkaline rocks are low-degree melts of an incompatible element enriched peridotite source starting from depths where garnet is stable. Crustal contamination during ascent was insignificant. We argue that the genesis of the Ankililoaka alkaline magmas was triggered by melting an enriched, volatile-rich lithospheric mantle uplifted in the Cenozoic. Supplementary material: Analytical techniques, X-ray fluorescence whole-rock data, mineral compositions, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dataset, mantle source modelling and figures showing volcanological features and thin sections are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4065743
- Published
- 2018
23. Surface modified natural zeolites (SMNZs) as nanocomposite versatile materials for health and environment
- Author
-
Bruno de Gennaro, Paolo Aprea, Aleksandra Daković, Alessio Langella, Danijela Smiljanic, Chiara Germinario, Francesco Izzo, Mariano Mercurio, Celestino Grifa, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Izzo, F., Mercurio, M., de Gennaro, B., Aprea, P., Cappelletti, P., Dakovic, A., Germinario, C., Grifa, C., Smiljanic, D., and Langella, A.
- Subjects
Surface Properties ,Ibuprofen ,02 engineering and technology ,Wastewater ,01 natural sciences ,Non-linear regression ,Nanocomposites ,Surface-Active Agents ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Adsorption ,Pulmonary surfactant ,Surfactant ,0103 physical sciences ,Animals ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Zeolite ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Toth ,Nanocomposite ,010304 chemical physics ,Chemistry ,Bilayer ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ,Cationic polymerization ,Sorption ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Bayesian information criterion ,NSAID ,Emerging contaminant ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Drug Liberation ,Kinetics ,Chemical engineering ,Sip ,Zeolites ,Nižný hrabovec ,Counterion ,0210 nano-technology ,Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The present research deals with the evaluation of a clinoptilolite-rich rock, occurring in the Nižný Hrabovec deposit (Slovakia), for high-value technological applications based on sorption and in vitro release of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., ibuprofen sodium salt). This georesource was surface modified (SMNZ) using four cationic surfactants. Results demonstrate that ibuprofen sorption is very fast and SMZNs can sorb up to ˜26 mg/g of drug as a function of the type of counterion and morphology of surfactant, as well as the hydrophobicity and molecular structure of the drug. Maximum sorption capacities observed for all SMNZs are fully comparable to other adsorbent carriers usually used for removal of contaminants in wastewaters. Sorption of ibuprofen is controlled by a dual mechanism: external anionic exchange and partition into the hydrophobic portion of the patchy bilayer. A prompt drug release in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was also observed, making this natural material also suitable to provide rapid soothing effects in potential pharmacological applications. Comparing the results of this study with other recent investigations, a good technological performance of clinoptilolite-rich rock can be inferred despite the relatively low zeolite content (˜56 wt.%).
- Published
- 2019
24. The black-glaze production in the Tyrrhenian coast of southern Italy: a review of the archaeometric data
- Author
-
Alberto de Bonis, Chiara Germinario, Celestino Grifa, Vincenza Guarino, Alessio Langella, Vincenzo Morra, Bianca Ferrara, Priscilla Munzi, Antonia Serritella, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Centre Jean Berard (CJB), Ecole française de Rome (EFR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Salerno (UNISA), Marina Ugarković, Alberto De Bonis, De Bonis, A., Germinario, C., Grifa, C., Guarino, V., Langella, A., Morra, V., Ferrara, B., Munzi, P., and Serritella, A.
- Subjects
Vernice nera ,Archeometria ,Costa tirrenica ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2017
25. The Domus of Octavius Quartio in Pompeii: Damage diagnosis of the masonries and frescoed surfaces
- Author
-
Grifa, Celestino, SALVATORE BARBA, FAUSTA FIORILLO, Chiara, Germinario, Izzo, Francesco, Mariano, Mercurio, DANIELA MUSMECI, Pontrandolfo, Angela, Alfonso Santoriello, Toro, Pietro, Alessio, Langella, Grifa, C., Barba, S., Fiorillo, F., Germinario, C., Izzo, F., Mercurio, M., Musmeci, D., Potrandolfo, A., Santoriello, A., Toro, P., and Langella, A.
- Subjects
Mortar ,Travertine ,Damage ,Fitzner's method ,Mortars ,Octavio Quartio domus ,Pompeii ,Weathering forms ,Fitzner’s method ,Octavio Quartio domu ,damage ,weathering forms ,mortars ,travertine - Abstract
Domus of Octavius Quartio occupies the entire insula 2 of Region II in Pompeii, representing one of the most important village of this archaeological site. An interdisciplinary approach has been adopted in order to plan conservative, preventive and restoration actions aimed at the requalification of Pompeii within the frame of "Grande Progetto Pompei" program. 3D Laser scanner surveys and damage diagnosis following Fitzner's method were carried out. The identification and description of weathering forms was carried out using ICOMOS-ISCS and NorMaL 1/88 recommendations, readapted and reinterpreted also for frescoes. Ten different weathering forms were identified; the frescoed room and the fountain are mainly affected by fissures, convex deformations, lacuna, efflorescence, discoloration, moist areas and patinas; the surrounding wall shows back weathering due to the disaggregation of bedding mortars; moreover the blocks are interested by rounding and biological colonization (lichens). Mapping the areal distribution of weathering forms and defining the damage categories, allowed an estimation of the linear and progressive damage index. Actually, a good conservation state of frescoed room (1.5 - 2.0) and fountain (0.7 - 1.2) was identified; a definitely worse conservation state, instead, was observed in the external wall, where the highest progressive damage index value (3) was measured.
- Published
- 2016
26. Le ceramiche comuni di Cuma
- Author
-
Laetitia Cavassa, Alessio Langella, A De Bonis, Morra, Celestino Grifa, De Bonis, A., Cavassa, L., Grifa, C., Langella, A., and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
Archaeology ,archéologie ,céramique gallo-romaine ,céramique romaine ,production artisanale ,commerce ,Geology - Abstract
Gli scavi effettuati a Cuma dai ricercatori del Centre Jean Bérard hanno riportato alla luce una grande quantità di reperti ceramici. Il presente studio è stato concentrato su ceramiche comuni da cucina e su di un particolare tipo di ceramica da cucina a vernice rossa interna, denominato Rosso Pompeiano. Tutti i frammenti sono costituiti da degrassante vulcanico: feldspato, clinopirosseno, scorie, pomici, litici e, in minor quantità biotite, anfibolo, granato e scorie a leucite. Dal punto di vista chimico i campioni analizzati si suddividono in due gruppi principali costituiti indifferentemente da campioni di entrambe le tipologie. La distinzione fra i due raggruppamenti è dovuta alla differente quantità di inclusi presente nei frammenti, come messo in evidenza dall’analisi modale. I dati XRD e SEM indicano che la maggioranza dei campioni fu sottoposta a temperature di cottura in un intervallo compreso fra 900 e 1000°C. Fanno eccezione alcuni campioni di un gruppo di ceramica a vernice rossa interna per i quali sono ipotizzate temperature inferiori, comprese fra 800 e 850°C.
- Published
- 2009
27. Ceramiche tardo antiche da Pompei
- Author
-
Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Ernesto De Carolis, Celestino Grifa, Alessio Langella, Gianluca Soricelli, De Carolis, E., Grifa, C., Langella, A., Morra, Vincenzo, and Soricelli, G.
- Subjects
Archaeology ,archéologie ,media_common.quotation_subject ,céramique gallo-romaine ,céramique romaine ,Art ,production artisanale ,commerce ,media_common - Abstract
I risultati di scavi recenti mostrano la relativa vitalità dell’area vesuviana dopo la disastrosa eruzione del 79 d.C. In particolare, i materiali ceramici provenienti dallo scavo di via Lepanto possono offrire una esemplificazione dei prodotti circolanti in quest’area tra lo scorcio del IV e gli inizi del V secolo. Essi provengono da una serie di scarichi che almeno in un’area dello scavo risultavano sigillati da un piano di battuto a sua volta coperto dal materiale piroclastico dell’eruzione cd. di «Pollena» (473 d.C.) Sulla base della sigillata chiara D, questi materiali possono essere datati al più tardi ai primi decenni del V secolo. Le analisi archeometriche eseguite su un ampio campione di materiali suggeriscono per larga parte delle ceramiche comuni e da fuoco una produzione locale, pur non mancando prodotti di importazione
- Published
- 2009
28. Geotraceability of Falanghina del Sannio (South Italy): Preliminary mineralogical and isotopic data.
- Author
-
Mercurio M, Cappelletti P, Di Renzo V, Grifa C, Guarino C, Izzo F, Magliulo P, Mercurio V, Tranfa P, Zuzolo D, D'Antonio M, and Langella A
- Abstract
The present study gathers mineralogical and isotopic geochemical data of 45 soil samples collected from the La Guardiense and Cantina di Solopaca wineries (Southern Italy) in order to provide useful information for the geotraceability of Falanghina white wine terroir . Mineralogical analyses show the ubiquitous presence of quartz, frequent and moderate contents of feldspars and phyllosilicates (i.e., illite/mica, kaolinite, and smectite). Rhizosphere soils from La Guardiense vineyards show a strontium isotope signature (
87 Sr/86 Sr) ranging from 0.708604 to 0.711234 (average 0.710334; 1σ = 0.000943; n = 7) for the total fraction and a narrower range (from 0.706907 to 0.708807; average 0.708120; 1σ = 0.000641; n = 7) for the bioavailable one. For the rhizosphere soils collected from the vineyards of Cantina di Solopaca winery,87 Sr/86 Sr ratios range from 0.708268 to 0.712413 (average 0.710145; 1σ = 0.001622; n = 8) and from 0.707968 to 0.709157 (average 0.708384; 1σ = 0.000409; n = 8) for the total and the bioavailable fraction, respectively. Actually, the bioavailable Sr fraction shows a narrower range of87 Sr/86 Sr ratios compared to that of the total fraction, making the former more suitable for any study of wine traceability., (© 2024 The Author(s).)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) Tri-Block Copolymer as Quercetin Delivery System for Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Study.
- Author
-
Ferrentino N, Romano MP, Zappavigna S, Abate M, Del Vecchio V, Romano D, Germinario C, Grifa C, Filosa R, and Pappalardo D
- Abstract
Quercetin is a hydrophobic molecule with short blood circulation times and instability. The development of a nano-delivery system formulation of quercetin may increase its bioavailability, resulting in greater tumor suppressing effects. Triblock ABA type polycaprolactone-polyethylenglycol- polycaprolactone (PCL-PEG-PCL) copolymers have been synthetized using ring-opening polymerization of caprolactone from PEG diol. The copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The triblock copolymers self-assembled in water forming micelles consisting of a core of biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and a corona of polyethylenglycol (PEG). The core-shell PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticles were able to incorporate quercetin into the core. They were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and NMR. The cellular uptake efficiency of human colorectal carcinoma cells was quantitatively determined by flow cytometry using nanoparticles loaded with Nile Red as hydrophobic model drug. The cytotoxic effect of quercetin-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated on HCT 116 cells, showing promising results.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Antifouling Mortars for Underwater Restoration.
- Author
-
Ricca M, Ruffolo SA, La Russa MF, Rispoli C, Grifa C, Sierra-Fernández A, Fort R, and Randazzo L
- Abstract
This research has focused on the assessment of the compositional features and mechanical and antifouling performances of two different mortars formulated for an underwater setting, and which contain Mg(OH)
2 as an antifouling agent. Regarding the mechanical characterization, the uniaxial compressive strength and flexural strength were measured. The composition of the materials was explored by differential thermal/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRPD), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS microanalysis. The assessment of the biological colonization was evaluated with colorimetric analysis and image analysis. The results suggest that both mortars have good mechanical resistance once set underwater. Moreover, the adding of Mg(OH)2 improves the resistance toward biofouling; this was observed both in laboratory and sea-exposed specimens.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Archaeometric data from the Via dei Sepolcri ceramic workshop in Pompeii (Southern Italy).
- Author
-
Grifa C, Germinario C, De Bonis A, Cavassa L, Izzo F, Mercurio M, Langella A, Kakoulli I, Fischer C, Barra D, Aiello G, Soricelli G, Vyhnal CR, and Morra V
- Abstract
The present article provides chemical, paleontological and mineralogical data obtained during an archaeometric characterization of 40 samples (33 pottery sherds, 5 clay samples, 1 sand sample and 1 red earth pigment) collected in the Via dei Sepolcri ceramic workshop in Pompeii, Italy. The workshop was still active during the 79 CE eruption of Mt. Vesuvius and the archaeometric data obtained in our investigation reveal distinct differences between pottery and geological raw materials belonging to an early 'Phase 1' production (from the beginning of the 1st century CE to the 62 CE earthquake) and a subsequent 'Phase 2' production (from the 62 CE earthquake to the 79 CE eruption). These data inform the discussions and interpretations presented in the article entitled "A pottery workshop in Pompeii unveils new insights on the Roman ceramics crafting tradition and raw materials trade", edited by Grifa et al. [1]., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The Tomb of the Diver and the frescoed tombs in Paestum (southern Italy): New insights from a comparative archaeometric study.
- Author
-
Alberghina MF, Germinario C, Bartolozzi G, Bracci S, Grifa C, Izzo F, La Russa MF, Magrini D, Massa E, Mercurio M, Nardo VM, Oddo ME, Pagnotta SM, Pelagotti A, Ponterio RC, Ricci P, Rovella N, Ruffolo SA, Schiavone S, Spagnuolo A, Vetromile C, Zuchtriegel G, and Lubritto C
- Subjects
- History, Ancient, Humans, Italy, Archaeology, Paintings history
- Abstract
The Tomb of the Diver has been subject for many decades of fierce debate among archaeologists and classicists. Since its discovery in 1968, some scholars have considered it a unique example of the lost tradition of Greek painting, others have emphasized Etruscan or Italic parallels. More recently, a possible local production has been suggested. With the aim of trying to solve the archaeological question, an archaeometric comparison among this well-known artwork and several frescoed tombs coming from Hellenistic and Lucan necropolis was carried out. The multi-analytical study was focused on the identification of peculiar features of executive techniques and raw materials since the first period of the archaeological site. The analytical investigation has been preliminary based on a non-destructive approach, performed in-situ by portable equipment including imaging diagnostics and compositional spectroscopic techniques for identifying pigments and the conservation state of original painted surface; subsequently, a further deepening by using destructive techniques was performed in-lab for the mortar-based supports characterization. Archaeometric study suggested that technological choices slightly changed in a time span of about two centuries, highlighting important markers that allow clustering the contemporary artistic productions. Moreover, a comparison with mortars from temples decorations was provided to better understand the whole artistic context. The archaeometric data showed that the Tomb of the Diver could be traced back to a local artisanal tradition and therefore is neither Etruscan nor Greek, but the first and foremost an expression of the local elite culture of Paestum., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. The commercial affiliations do not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Surface modified natural zeolites (SMNZs) as nanocomposite versatile materials for health and environment.
- Author
-
Izzo F, Mercurio M, de Gennaro B, Aprea P, Cappelletti P, Daković A, Germinario C, Grifa C, Smiljanic D, and Langella A
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal chemistry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal pharmacokinetics, Drug Liberation, Gastrointestinal Tract metabolism, Humans, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Ibuprofen chemistry, Kinetics, Surface Properties, Ibuprofen pharmacokinetics, Nanocomposites chemistry, Surface-Active Agents chemistry, Wastewater chemistry, Zeolites chemistry
- Abstract
The present research deals with the evaluation of a clinoptilolite-rich rock, occurring in the Nižný Hrabovec deposit (Slovakia), for high-value technological applications based on sorption and in vitro release of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (i.e., ibuprofen sodium salt). This georesource was surface modified (SMNZ) using four cationic surfactants. Results demonstrate that ibuprofen sorption is very fast and SMZNs can sorb up to ˜26 mg/g of drug as a function of the type of counterion and morphology of surfactant, as well as the hydrophobicity and molecular structure of the drug. Maximum sorption capacities observed for all SMNZs are fully comparable to other adsorbent carriers usually used for removal of contaminants in wastewaters. Sorption of ibuprofen is controlled by a dual mechanism: external anionic exchange and partition into the hydrophobic portion of the patchy bilayer. A prompt drug release in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was also observed, making this natural material also suitable to provide rapid soothing effects in potential pharmacological applications. Comparing the results of this study with other recent investigations, a good technological performance of clinoptilolite-rich rock can be inferred despite the relatively low zeolite content (˜56 wt.%)., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.