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1. Publisher Correction: Hydro-climatic changes of wetlandscapes across the world

Author

Åhlén, I., Vigouroux, G., Destouni, G., Pietroń, J., Ghajarnia, N., Anaya, J., Blanco, J., Borja, S., Chalov, S., Chun, K. P., Clerici, N., Desormeaux, A., Girard, P., Gorelits, O., Hansen, A., Jaramillo, F., Kalantari, Z., Labbaci, A., Licero-Villanueva, L., Livsey, J., Maneas, G., Pisarello, K. L. McCurley, Pahani, D. Moshir, Palomino-Ángel, S., Price, R., Ricaurte-Villota, C., Fernanda Ricaurte, L., Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Rodriguez, A., Rodriguez, E., Salgado, J., Sannel, B., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Simard, M., Sjöberg, Y., Terskii, P., Thorslund, J., Zamora, D. A., and Jarsjö, J.

Published
2021
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2. Hydro-climatic changes of wetlandscapes across the world

Author

Åhlén, I., Vigouroux, G., Destouni, G., Pietroń, J., Ghajarnia, N., Anaya, J., Blanco, J., Borja, S., Chalov, S., Chun, K. P., Clerici, N., Desormeaux, A., Girard, P., Gorelits, O., Hansen, A., Jaramillo, F., Kalantari, Z., Labbaci, A., Licero-Villanueva, L., Livsey, J., Maneas, G., Pisarello, K. L. McCurley, Pahani, D. Moshir, Palomino-Ángel, S., Price, R., Ricaurte-Villota, C., Fernanda Ricaurte, L., Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Rodriguez, A., Rodriguez, E., Salgado, J., Sannel, B., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Simard, M., Sjöberg, Y., Terskii, P., Thorslund, J., Zamora, D. A., and Jarsjö, J.

Published
2021
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3. Evaluating the evolution of ECMWF precipitation products using observational data for Iran:from ERA40 to ERA5

Author

Ghajarnia, N. (Navid), Akbari, M. (Mahdi), Saemian, P. (Peyman), Ehsani, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Hosseini-Moghari, S.-M. (Seyed-Mohammad), Azizian, A. (Asghar), Kalantari, Z. (Zahra), Behrangi, A. (Ali), Tourian, M. J. (Mohammad J.), Klöve, B. (Björn), Torabi Haghighi, A. (Ali), Ghajarnia, N. (Navid), Akbari, M. (Mahdi), Saemian, P. (Peyman), Ehsani, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Hosseini-Moghari, S.-M. (Seyed-Mohammad), Azizian, A. (Asghar), Kalantari, Z. (Zahra), Behrangi, A. (Ali), Tourian, M. J. (Mohammad J.), Klöve, B. (Björn), and Torabi Haghighi, A. (Ali)

Abstract

European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis (ERA), one of the most widely used precipitation products, has evolved from ERA-40 to ERA-20CM, ERA-20C, ERA-Interim, and ERA5. Studies evaluating the performance of individual ERA products cannot adequately assess the evolution of the products. We compared the performance of all ERA precipitation products at daily, monthly, and annual data (1980–2018) using more than 2100 Iran precipitation gauges. Results indicated that ERA-40 performed worst, followed by ERA-20CM, which showed only minor improvements over ERA-40. ERA-20C considerably outperformed its predecessors, benefiting from the assimilation of observational data. Although several previous studies have reported full superiority of ERA5 over ERA-Interim, our results revealed several shortcomings in ERA5 compared with the ERA-Interim estimates. Both ERA-Interim and ERA5 performed best overall, with ERA-Interim showing better statistical and categorical skill scores, and ERA5 performing better in estimating extreme precipitations. These results suggest that the accuracy of ERA precipitation products has improved from ERA-40 to ERA-Interim, but not consistently from ERA-Interim to ERA5. This study employed a grid-grid comparison approach by first creating a gridded reference data set through the spatial aggregation of point source observations, however, the results from a point-grid approach showed no change in the overall ranking of products (despite the slight changes in the error index values). These findings are useful for model development at a global scale and for hydrological applications in Iran.

Published
2022

4. Current Wildland Fire Patterns and Challenges in Europe: A Synthesis of National Perspectives

Author

Fernandez-Anez, N., Krasovskiy, A., Müller, M., Vacik, H., Baetens, J., Hukić, E., Kapovic Solomun, M., Atanassova, I., Glushkova, M., Bogunović, I., Fajković, H., Djuma, H., Boustras, G., Adámek, M., Devetter, M., Hrabalikova, M., Huska, D., Martínez Barroso, P., Vaverková, M.D., Zumr, D., Jõgiste, K., Metslaid, M., Koster, K., Köster, E., Pumpanen, J., Ribeiro-Kumara, C., Di Prima, S., Pastor, A., Rumpel, C., Seeger, M., Daliakopoulos, I., Daskalakou, E., Koutroulis, A., Papadopoulou, M.P., Stampoulidis, K., Xanthopoulos, G., Aszalós, R., Balázs, D., Kertész, M., Valkó, O., Finger, D.C., Thorsteinsson, T., Till, J., Bajocco, S., Gelsomino, A., Amodio, A.M., Novara, A., Salvati, L., Telesca, L., Ursino, N., Jansons, A., Kitenberga, M., Stivrins, N., Brazaitis, G., Marozas, V., Cojocaru, O., Gumeniuc, I., Sfecla, V., Imeson, A., Veraverbeke, S., Mikalsen, R.F., Koda, Eu., Osinski, P., Castro, A.C. M., Nunes, J.P., Oom, D., Vieira, D., Rusu, T., Bojović, S., Djordjevic, D., Popovic, Z., Protic, M., Sakan, S., Glasa, J., Kacikova, D., Lichner, L., Majlingova, A., Vido, J., Ferk, M., Tičar, J., Zorn, M., Zupanc, V., Hinojosa, M., Knicker, H., Lucas-Borja, M.E., Pausas, J., Prat-Guitart, N., Ubeda, X., Vilar, L., Destouni, G., Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Dindaroglu, T., Yakupoglu, T., Smith, T., Doerr, S., Cerda, A., Fernandez-Anez, N., Krasovskiy, A., Müller, M., Vacik, H., Baetens, J., Hukić, E., Kapovic Solomun, M., Atanassova, I., Glushkova, M., Bogunović, I., Fajković, H., Djuma, H., Boustras, G., Adámek, M., Devetter, M., Hrabalikova, M., Huska, D., Martínez Barroso, P., Vaverková, M.D., Zumr, D., Jõgiste, K., Metslaid, M., Koster, K., Köster, E., Pumpanen, J., Ribeiro-Kumara, C., Di Prima, S., Pastor, A., Rumpel, C., Seeger, M., Daliakopoulos, I., Daskalakou, E., Koutroulis, A., Papadopoulou, M.P., Stampoulidis, K., Xanthopoulos, G., Aszalós, R., Balázs, D., Kertész, M., Valkó, O., Finger, D.C., Thorsteinsson, T., Till, J., Bajocco, S., Gelsomino, A., Amodio, A.M., Novara, A., Salvati, L., Telesca, L., Ursino, N., Jansons, A., Kitenberga, M., Stivrins, N., Brazaitis, G., Marozas, V., Cojocaru, O., Gumeniuc, I., Sfecla, V., Imeson, A., Veraverbeke, S., Mikalsen, R.F., Koda, Eu., Osinski, P., Castro, A.C. M., Nunes, J.P., Oom, D., Vieira, D., Rusu, T., Bojović, S., Djordjevic, D., Popovic, Z., Protic, M., Sakan, S., Glasa, J., Kacikova, D., Lichner, L., Majlingova, A., Vido, J., Ferk, M., Tičar, J., Zorn, M., Zupanc, V., Hinojosa, M., Knicker, H., Lucas-Borja, M.E., Pausas, J., Prat-Guitart, N., Ubeda, X., Vilar, L., Destouni, G., Ghajarnia, N., Kalantari, Z., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Dindaroglu, T., Yakupoglu, T., Smith, T., Doerr, S., and Cerda, A.

Abstract

Changes in climate, land use, and land management impact the occurrence and severity of wildland fires in many parts of the world. This is particularly evident in Europe, where ongoing changes in land use have strongly modified fire patterns over the last decades. Although satellite data by the European Forest Fire Information System provide large-scale wildland fire statistics across European countries, there is still a crucial need to collect and summarize in-depth local analysis and understanding of the wildland fire condition and associated challenges across Europe. This article aims to provide a general overview of the current wildland fire patterns and challenges as perceived by national representatives, supplemented by national fire statistics (2009–2018) across Europe. For each of the 31 countries included, we present a perspective authored by scientists or practitioners from each respective country, representing a wide range of disciplines and cultural backgrounds. The authors were selected from members of the COST Action “Fire and the Earth System: Science & Society” funded by the European Commission with the aim to share knowledge and improve communication about wildland fire. Where relevant, a brief overview of key studies, particular wildland fire challenges a country is facing, and an overview of notable recent fire events are also presented. Key perceived challenges included (1) the lack of consistent and detailed records for wildland fire events, within and across countries, (2) an increase in wildland fires that pose a risk to properties and human life due to high population densities and sprawl into forested regions, and (3) the view that, irrespective of changes in management, climate change is likely to increase the frequency and impact of wildland fires in the coming decades. Addressing challenge (1) will not only be valuable in advancing national and pan-European wildland fire management strategies, but also in evaluating perceptions (2) and (3

Published
2021

5. Data for wetlandscapes and their changes around the world

Author

Ghajarnia, N., Destouni, G., Thorslund, J., Kalantari, Z., Ahlén, I., Anaya-Acevedo, J. A., Blanco-Libreros, J. F., Borja, S., Chalov, S., Chalova, A., Chun, K. P., Clerici, N., Desormeaux, A., Garfield, B. B., Girard, P., Gorelits, O., Hansen, A., Jaramillo, F., Jarsjö, J., Labbaci, A., Livsey, J., Maneas, G., Pisarello, K. M., Palomino-Ángel, S., Pietroń, J., Price, R. M., Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Salgado, J., Britta K. Sannel, A., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Sjöberg, Y., Terskii, P., Vigouroux, G., Licero-Villanueva, L., Zamora, D., Ghajarnia, N., Destouni, G., Thorslund, J., Kalantari, Z., Ahlén, I., Anaya-Acevedo, J. A., Blanco-Libreros, J. F., Borja, S., Chalov, S., Chalova, A., Chun, K. P., Clerici, N., Desormeaux, A., Garfield, B. B., Girard, P., Gorelits, O., Hansen, A., Jaramillo, F., Jarsjö, J., Labbaci, A., Livsey, J., Maneas, G., Pisarello, K. M., Palomino-Ángel, S., Pietroń, J., Price, R. M., Rivera-Monroy, V. H., Salgado, J., Britta K. Sannel, A., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Sjöberg, Y., Terskii, P., Vigouroux, G., Licero-Villanueva, L., and Zamora, D.

Abstract

QC 20210112

Published
2020
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6. Correction : Priorities and interactions of sustainable development goals (SDGs) with focus on wetlands. Water 2019, 11, 619 doi: 10.3390/w11030619

Author

Jaramillo, F., Desormeaux, A., Hedlund, J., Jawitz, J. W., Clerici, N., Piemontese, L., Rodríguez-Rodriguez, J. A., Anaya, J. A., Blanco-Libreros, J. F., Borja, S., Celi, J., Chalov, S., Chun, K. P., Cresso, M., Destouni, G., Dessu, S. B., Di Baldassarre, G., Downing, A., Espinosa, L., Ghajarnia, N., Girard, P., Gutiérrez, A. G., Hansen, A., Hu, T., Jarsjö, J., Kalantari, Z., Labbaci, A., Licero-Villanueva, L., Livsey, J., Machotka, E., McCurley, K., Palomino-Ángel, S., Pietron, J., Price, R., Ramchunder, S. J., Ricaurte-Villota, C., Ricaurte, L. F., Dahir, L., Rodríguez, E., Salgado, J., Sannel, A. B. K., Santos, A. C., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Sjöberg, Y., Sun, L., Thorslund, J., Vigouroux, G., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Xu, D., Zamora, D., Ziegler, A. D., Åhlén, I., Jaramillo, F., Desormeaux, A., Hedlund, J., Jawitz, J. W., Clerici, N., Piemontese, L., Rodríguez-Rodriguez, J. A., Anaya, J. A., Blanco-Libreros, J. F., Borja, S., Celi, J., Chalov, S., Chun, K. P., Cresso, M., Destouni, G., Dessu, S. B., Di Baldassarre, G., Downing, A., Espinosa, L., Ghajarnia, N., Girard, P., Gutiérrez, A. G., Hansen, A., Hu, T., Jarsjö, J., Kalantari, Z., Labbaci, A., Licero-Villanueva, L., Livsey, J., Machotka, E., McCurley, K., Palomino-Ángel, S., Pietron, J., Price, R., Ramchunder, S. J., Ricaurte-Villota, C., Ricaurte, L. F., Dahir, L., Rodríguez, E., Salgado, J., Sannel, A. B. K., Santos, A. C., Seifollahi-Aghmiuni, S., Sjöberg, Y., Sun, L., Thorslund, J., Vigouroux, G., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Xu, D., Zamora, D., Ziegler, A. D., and Åhlén, I.

Abstract

QC 20210112

Published
2020
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10. Distinguishing Direct Human-Driven Effects on the Global Terrestrial Water Cycle.

Author

Kåresdotter E, Destouni G, Ghajarnia N, Lammers RB, and Kalantari Z

Abstract

Population growth is increasing the pressure on water resource availability. For useful assessment and planning for societal water availability impacts, it is imperative to disentangle the direct influences of human activities in the landscape from external climate-driven influences on water flows and their variation and change. In this study we used the water balance model, a gridded global hydrological model, to quantify and distinguish human-driven change components, modified by interventions such as dams, reservoirs, and water withdrawals for irrigation, industry, and households, from climate-driven change components on four key water balance variables in the terrestrial hydrological system (evapotranspiration, runoff, soil moisture, storage change). We also analyzed emergent effect patterns in and across different parts of the world, facilitating exploration of spatial variability and regional patterns on multiple spatial scales, from pixel to global, including previously uninvestigated parts of the world. Our results show that human activities drive changes in all hydrological variables, with different magnitudes and directions depending on geographical location. The differences between model scenarios with and without human activities were largest in regions with the highest population densities. In such regions, which also have relatively large numbers of dams for irrigation, water largely tends to be removed from storage and go to feed increased runoff and evapotranspiration fluxes. Our analysis considers a more complete set of hydrological variables than previous studies and can guide further research and management planning for future hydrological and water availability trends, including in relatively data-poor parts of the world., (© 2022. The Authors. Earth's Future published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.)

Published
2022
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11. Variability and change in the hydro-climate and water resources of Iran over a recent 30-year period.

Author

Moshir Panahi D, Kalantari Z, Ghajarnia N, Seifollahi-Aghmiuni S, and Destouni G

Abstract

Comprehensive assessment of hydro-climatic variations and change trends is essential for understanding, mitigating, and adapting to key water resource changes in different parts of the world. We performed such an assessment on Iran, as representative of an arid/semi-arid and geopolitically important world region. We acquired and calculated data time series of surface temperature (T), precipitation (P), runoff (R), evapotranspiration (ET), and water storage change (DS), to determine their status and changes in and among the 30 main hydrological basins in Iran over the period 1986-2016. From 1986-2000 to 2001-2016, the country warmed, P mostly decreased and R even more so, while water storage was depleted (DS < 0) and ET increased in some basins. Overall, the extra water provided from primarily groundwater depletion has fed and kept ET at levels beyond those sustained by the annually renewable water input from P. This indicates unsustainable use of water for maintaining and expanding human activities, such as irrigated agriculture, in this part of the world.

Published
2020
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12. Close co-variation between soil moisture and runoff emerging from multi-catchment data across Europe.

Author

Ghajarnia N, Kalantari Z, Orth R, and Destouni G

Abstract

Soil moisture is an important variable for land-climate and hydrological interactions. To investigate emergent large-scale, long-term interactions between soil moisture and other key hydro-climatic variables (precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, runoff, temperature), we analyze monthly values and anomalies of these variables in 1378 hydrological catchments across Europe over the period 1980-2010. The study distinguishes results for the main European climate regions, and tests how sensitive or robust they are to the use of three alternative observational and re-analysis datasets. Robustly across the European climates and datasets, monthly soil moisture anomalies correlate well with runoff anomalies, and extreme soil moisture and runoff values also largely co-occur. For precipitation, evapotranspiration, and temperature, anomaly correlation and extreme value co-occurrence with soil moisture are overall lower than for runoff. The runoff results indicate a possible new approach to assessing variability and change of large-scale soil moisture conditions by use of long-term time series of monitored catchment-integrating stream discharges.

Published
2020
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