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6. La Administración Militar en El Salvador: 1992-2022

Author

Molina Gabriel, Rafael Antonio, Martínez, Rafael, 1965, and Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Dret

Subjects
Military administration, Administració militar, Civil-military relations, 1992-2022, El Salvador, Relacions poder civil-poder militar, Forces armades, Armed Forces
Abstract

[spa] El Salvador registra una historia de regímenes militares (1932-1979) y de guerra civil (1980-1992). Después de treinta años de la firma de la paz, el sector defensa ha sido gestionado solo con las reformas de la transición política, dando por sentado que el tema militar desaparecía con la democracia. Esto redujo las relaciones civiles-militares en El Salvador al control civil en detrimento de los otros elementos que la componen. Por lo tanto, la presente investigación pretende analizar los elementos que caracterizan las relaciones civiles-militar para detallar cuánto se ha recorrido y cómo ha sido el avance del proceso de consolidación democrática de éstas a partir de los Acuerdos de Paz, y cuáles han sido sus reformas. Esto permitirá saber si las relaciones civiles militares en El Salvador han logrado convertir a la Fuerza Armada en una administración militar al servicio del Estado y la sociedad, porque, de otra manera, se estaría permitiendo grados de autonomía y, quizá, de poder a los militares que sería inaceptable en democracia., [eng] El Salvador records a history of military regimes (1932-1979) and civil war (1980-1992). In the thirty years since the signing of the peace accords, the defense sector has been exclusively managed with the reforms implemented during the political transition, under the assumption that military-security issues would vanish with the advent of democracy. As a result, civil-military relations (CMR) in El Salvador were relegated to civilian control to the detriment of the other elements of CMR. Thus, this research intends to analyze the features that define civil-military relations to identify how far the process of democratic consolidation has progressed since the Peace Accords, and which reforms have since been implemented. This will allow us to determine the extent to which civil-military relations in El Salvador have succeeded in converting the Armed Forces into a military administration that serves the State and society, because otherwise, the military would be granted a degree of autonomy and, perhaps, a level of power that would be unacceptable for democracy., [cat] El Salvador registra una història de règims militars (1932-1979) i de guerra civil (1980-1992). Després de trenta anys de la signatura de la pau, el sector defensa ha estat gestionat només amb les reformes de la transició política, donant per fet que el tema militar desapareixia amb la democràcia. Això va reduir les relacions civils-militars a El Salvador al control civil en detriment dels altres elements que la componen. Per tant, aquesta investigació pretén analitzar els elements que caracteritzen les relacions civils militar per detallar quant s'ha recorregut i com ha estat l'avenç del procés de consolidació democràtica d'aquestes a partir dels Acords de Pau, i quins n'han estat reformes. Això permetrà saber si les relacions civils militars a El Salvador han aconseguit convertir la Força Armada en una administració militar al servei de l'Estat i la societat, perquè, altrament, s'estaria permetent graus d'autonomia i, potser, de poder als militars que seria inacceptable en democràcia.

Published
2023

8. EPMA-World Congress 2015: Bonn, Germany. 3-5 September 2015

Author

Abraham, Jella-Andrea, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Akhmetov, Ildar, Andrews, Russell J., Quintana, Leonidas, Andrews, Russell J., Baban, Babak, Liu, Jun Yao, Qin, Xu, Wang, Tailing, Mozaffari, Mahmood S., Bati, Viktoriia V., Meleshko, Tamara V., Levchuk, Olga B., Boyko, Nadiya V., Bauer, Joanna, Boerner, Ewa, Podbielska, Halina, Bomba, Alojz, Petrov, Viktor O., Drobnych, Volodymyr G., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Bykova, Oksana M., Boyko, Nadiya V., Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter, Fleischhacker, Lutz, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Heemskerk, Frank, Helms, Thomas, Jaarsma, Tiny, Kinkorová, Judita, Ramaekers, Jan, Ruff, Peter, Schnur, Ivana, Vanoli, Emilio, Verdu, Jose, Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter, Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Grabovetskyi, Sergiy A., Mykhalchenko, Olena M., Tymoshok, Natalia O., Shcherbakov, Oleksandr B., Semeniv, Igor P., Spivak, Mykola Y., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Ostapenko, Tetyana V., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Kobyliak, Nazarii M., Zholobak, Nadiya M., Spivak, Mykola Ya., Cauchi, John Paul, Cherepakhin, Dmitrii, Bakay, Marina, Borovikov, Artem, Suchkov, Sergey, Cieślik, Barbara, Migasiewicz, Agnieszka, Podbielska, Maria-Luiza, Pelleter, Markus, Giemza, Agnieszka, Podbielska, Halina, Cirak, Sebahattin, Del Re, Marzia, Bordi, Paola, Citi, Valentina, Palombi, Marta, Pinto, Carmine, Tiseo, Marcello, Danesi, Romano, Einhorn, Lukas, Fazekas, Judit, Muhr, Martina, Schoos, Alexandra, Panakova, Lucia, Herrmann, Ina, Manzano-Szalai, Krisztina, Oida, Kumiko, Fiebiger, Edda, Singer, Josef, Jensen-Jarolim, Erika, Elnar, Arpiné A., Ouamara, Nadia, Boyko, Nadiya, Coumoul, Xavier, Antignac, Jean-Philippe, Le Bizec, Bruno, Eppe, Gauthier, Renaut, Jenny, Bonn, Torsten, Guignard, Cédric, Ferrante, Margherita, Chiusano, Maria Liusa, Cuzzocrea, Salvatore, O’Keeffe, Gerard, Cryan, John, Bisson, Michelle, Barakat, Amina, Hmamouchi, Ihsane, Zawia, Nasser, Kanthasamy, Anumantha, Kisby, Glen E., Alves, Rui, Pérez, Oscar Villacañas, Burgard, Kim, Spencer, Peter, Bomba, Norbert, Haranta, Martin, Zaitseva, Nina, May, Irina, Grojean, Stéphanie, Body-Malapel, Mathilde, Harari, Florencia, Harari, Raul, Yeghiazaryan, Kristina, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Calabrese, Vittorio, Nemos, Christophe, Soulimani, Rachid, Evsevyeva, Maria E., Mishenko, Elena A., Kumukova, Zurida V., Chudnovsky, Evgeniy V., Smirnova, Tatyana A., Evsevyeva, Maria E., Ivanova, Ludmila V., Eremin, Michail V., Rostovtseva, Maria V., Evsevyeva, Maria E., Eremin, Michail V., Koshel, Vladimir I., Sergeeva, Oksana V., Konovalova, Nadesgda M., Girotra, Shantanu, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Debald, Manuel, Kuhn, Walther, Yeghiazaryan, Kristina, Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Goncharenko, Vadym M., Lushchyk, Ulyana, Grech, Godfrey, Konieczka, Katarzyna, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Erwich, Jan Jaap, Costigliola, Vincenzo, Yeghiazaryan, Kristina, Gembruch, Ulrich, Goncharenko, Vadym M., Beniuk, Vasyl O., Kalenska, Olga V., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Goncharenko, Vadym M., Beniuk, Vasyl O., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Melnychuk, Olga, Gorbacheva, Irina A., Orekhova, Lyudmila Y., Tachalov, Vadim V., Grechanyk, Olena I., Abdullaiev, Rizvan Ya., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Hagan, Suzanne, Martin, Eilidh, Pearce, Ian, Oliver, Katherine, Haytac, Cenk, Salimov, Fariz, Yoksul, Servin, Kunin, Anatoly A., Moiseeva, Natalia S., Herrera-Imbroda, Bernardo, del Río-González, Sergio, Lara, Maria Fernanda, Angulo, Antonia, Machuca Santa-Cruz, Francisco Javier, Herrera-Imbroda, Bernardo, del Río-González, Sergio, Lara, Maria Fernanda, Ionescu, John, Isamulaeva, Alfiya Z., Kunin, Anatoly A., Magomedov, Shamil Sh., Isamulaeva, Aida I., Josifova, Tatjana, Kapalla, Marko, Kubáň, Juraj, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Costigliola, Vincenzo, Costigliola, Vincenzo, Kapalla, Marko, Kubáň, Juraj, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Kent, Anthony, Fisher, Tom, Dias, Tilak, Kinkorová, Judita, Topolčan, Ondřej, Kohl, Matthias, Kunin, Anatoly A., Moiseeva, Natalia S., Kurchenko, Andrii I., Beniuk, Vasyl A., Goncharenko, Vadym M., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Boyko, Nadiya V., Strokan, Andriy M., Kzhyshkowska, Julia, Gudima, Alexandru, Stankevich, Ksenia S., Filimonov, Victor D., Klüter, Harald, Mamontova, Evgeniya M., Tverdokhlebov, Sergei I., Lushchyk, Ulyana B., Novytskyy, Viktor V., Babii, Igor P., Lushchyk, Nadiya G., Riabets, Lyudmyla S., Legka, Ivanna I., Marcus-Kalish, Mira, Mitelpunkt, Alexis, Galili, Tal, Shachar, Neta, Benjamini, Yoav, Migasiewicz, Agnieszka, Pelleter, Markus, Bauer, Joanna, Dereń, Ewelina, Podbielska, Halina, Moiseeva, Natalia S., Kunin, Anatoly A., Kunin, Dmitry A., Moiseeva, Natalia S., Ippolitov, Yury A., Kunin, Dmitry A., Morozov, Alexei N., Chirkova, Natalia V., Aliev, Nakhid T., Mozaffari, Mahmood S., Liu, Jun Yao, Baban, Babak, Mozaffari, Mahmood S., Liu, Jun Yao, Abdelsayed, Rafik, Shi, Xing-Ming, Baban, Babak, Novák, Jaroslav, Štork, Milan, Zeman, Václav, Oosterhuis, Wytze P., Theodorsson, Elvar, Orekhova, Lyudmila Y., Kudryavtseva, Tatyana V., Isaeva, Elena R., Tachalov, Vadim V., Loboda, Ekaterina S., Pazzagli, Mario, Malentacchi, Francesca, Mancini, Irene, Brandslund, Ivan, Vermeersch, Pieter, Schwab, Matthias, Marc, Janja, van Schaik, Ron H. N., Siest, Gerard, Theodorsson, Elvar, Di Resta, Chiara, Pleva, Matus, Juhar, Jozef, Pleva, Matus, Juhar, Jozef, Polívka jr., Jiří, Janků, Filip, Pešta, Martin, Doležal, Jan, Králíčková, Milena, Polívka, Jiří, Polívka, Jiří, Lukešová, Alena, Müllerová, Nina, Ševčík, Petr, Rohan, Vladimír, Richter, Kneginja, Miloseva, Lence, Niklewski, Günter, Richter, Kneginja, Acker, Jens, Niklewski, Guenter, Safonicheva, Olga, Costigliola, Vincenzo, Safonicheva, Olga, Sautin, Maxim, Sinelnikova, Janna, Suchkov, Sergey, Secer, Songül, von Bandemer, Stephan, Shapira, Niva, Shcherbakov, Aleksandr, Kunin, Anatoly A., Moiseeva, Natalia S., Shumilovich, Bogdan R., Lipkind, Zhanna, Vorobieva, Yulia, Kunin, Dmitry A., Sudareva, Anastasiia V., Smokovski, Ivica, Milenkovic, Tatjana, Solís-Herrera, Arturo, Arias-Esparza, María del Carmen, Suchkov, Sergey, Sridhar, Krishna Chander, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Studneva, Maria, Song, Sihong, Creeden, James, Мandrik, Мark, Suchkov, Sergey, Theodorsson, Elvar, Tofail, Syed A. M., Topolčan, Ondřej, Kinkorová, Judita, Fiala, Ondřej, Karlíková, Marie, Svobodová, Šárka, Kučera, Radek, Fuchsová, Radka, Třeška, Vladislav, Šimánek, Václav, Pecen, Ladislav, Šoupal, Jan, Svačina, Štěpán, Tretyak, Evgeniya, Studneva, Maria, Suchkov, Sergey, Trovato, Francesca M., Martines, Giuseppe Fabio, Brischetto, Daniela, Catalano, Daniela, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Trovato, Guglielmo M., Tsangaris, George Th., Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios K., Tsangaris, George Th., Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios K., Verdú, José, Gutiérrez, German, Rovira, Jordi, Martinez, Marta, Fleischhacker, Lutz, Green, Donna, Garson, Arthur, Tamburini, Elena, Cuomo, Stefano, Martinez-Leon, Juan, Abrisqueta, Teresa, Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter, Jaarsma, Tiny, Arredondo, Teresa, Vera, Cecilia, Fico, Giuseppe, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Arribas, Fernando, Onderco, Martina, Vara, Isabel, Verdú, José, Sambo, Francesco, Di Camillo, Barbara, Cobelli, Claudio, Facchinetti, Andrea, Fico, Giuseppe, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Sacchi, Lucia, Dagliati, Arianna, Segnani, Daniele, Tibollo, Valentina, Ottaviano, Manuel, Gabriel, Rafael, Groop, Leif, Postma, Jacqueline, Martinez, Antonio, Hakaste, Liisa, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Zarkogianni, Konstantia, Volchek, Igor, Pototskaya, Nina, Petrov, Andrey, Volchek, Igor, Pototskaya, Nadezhda, Petrov, Andrey, Voog-Oras, Ülle, Jagur, Oksana, Leibur, Edvitar, Niibo, Priit, Jagomägi, Triin, Nguyen, Minh Son, Pruunsild, Chris, Piikov, Dagmar, Saag, Mare, Wang, Wei, Wang, Wei, Weinhäusel, Andreas, Pulverer, Walter, Wielscher, Matthias, Hofner, Manuela, Noehammer, Christa, Soldo, Regina, Hettegger, Peter, Gyurjan, Istvan, Kulovics, Ronald, Schönthaler, Silvia, Beikircher, Gabriel, Kriegner, Albert, Pabinger, Stephan, Vierlinger, Klemens, Yüzbaşıoğlu, Ayşe, Özgüç, Meral, EFLM, on behalf of ZENITH consortium, and on behalf of MOSAIC consortium

Published
2016
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9. Adubação nitrogenada em cobertura: fator determinante para elevadas produtividades de feijão comum

Author

Indianara Cazuza do Nascimento, Paulo Henrique Alves Morais, Dayane Barbosa Pereira, Luiz Cobiniano de Melo Filho, Ítallo Diego de Souza, Ivanildo Guilherme Henrique, and Gabriel Rafael de Andrade

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Considerando a grande exigência do feijoeiro em nutrientes, destaca-se a alta demanda da cultura por nitrogênio (N). Dessa maneira, objetivou-se avaliar se a inoculação de sementes, com Azospirillum brasilense e adubação nitrogenada e molíbdica, em cobertura, influenciam os caracteres agronômicos e o rendimento produtivo do feijão comum. Para tanto, empregou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x2x2, com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se a inoculação de sementes (sem inoculação e com inoculação de A. brasilense), aplicação foliar de molibdênio (sem aplicação e com aplicação de 126 g ha-1) e fornecimento de nitrogênio em cobertura (sem aplicação e com aplicação de 30 kg ha-1). Os ensaios foram conduzidos no município de Colorado do Oeste, Rondônia, nos anos de 2017 e 2018, adotando sistema de semeadura direta. Utilizou-se a cultivar BRS Estilo e para inoculação das sementes as estirpes AbV5 e AbV6 com 2x108 Ufc g-1. O molibdênio foliar foi aplicado, em dose única, aos 19 dias após a emergência das plântulas e o nitrogênio, fornecido por ocasião da fase de desenvolvimento reprodutivo R5, utilizando como fonte a ureia, aplicada manualmente na linha de plantio. A inoculação das sementes de feijão, com A. brasilense, resulta em aumento da produtividade quando associada a adubação nitrogenada em cobertura. A adubação nitrogenada em cobertura é determinante no aumento de produtividade do feijão comum.

Published
2021
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11. Reduction in the Risk of Peripheral Neuropathy and Lower Decrease in Kidney Function with Metformin, Linagliptin or Their Fixed-Dose Combination Compared to Placebo in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Boukichou-Abdelkader, Nisa, Gilis-Januszewska, Aleksandra, Makrilakis, Konstantinos, Gómez-Huelgas, Ricardo, Kamenov, Zdravko, Paulweber, Bernhard, Satman, Ilhan, Djordjevic, Predrag, Alkandari, Abdullah, Mitrakou, Asimina, Lalic, Nebojsa, Egido, Jesús, Más-Fontao, Sebastián, Calvet, Jean Henri, Pastor, José Carlos, Lindström, Jaana, Lind, Marcus, Acosta, Tania, and Silva, Luis

Subjects
*PERIPHERAL neuropathy, *KIDNEY physiology, *RANDOMIZED controlled trials, *METFORMIN, *LINAGLIPTIN
Abstract

Objective: To compare the effect of glucose-lowering drugs on peripheral nerve and kidney function in prediabetes. Methods: Multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 658 adults with prediabetes treated for 1 year with metformin, linagliptin, their combination or placebo. Endpoints are small fiber peripheral neuropathy (SFPN) risk estimated by foot electrochemical skin conductance (FESC < 70 μSiemens) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: Compared to the placebo, the proportion of SFPN was reduced by 25.1% (95% CI:16.3–33.9) with metformin alone, by 17.3% (95% CI 7.4–27.2) with linagliptin alone, and by 19.5% (95% CI 10.1–29.0) with the combination linagliptin/metformin (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). eGFR remained +3.3 mL/min (95% CI: 0.38–6.22) higher with the combination linagliptin/metformin than with the placebo (p = 0.03). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) decreased more with metformin monotherapy −0.3 mmol/L (95%CI: −0.48; 0.12, p = 0.0009) and with the combination metformin/linagliptin −0.2 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.37; −0.03) than with the placebo (p = 0.0219). Body weight (BW) decreased by −2.0 kg (95% CI: −5.65; −1.65, p = 0.0006) with metformin monotherapy, and by −1.9 kg (95% CI: −3.02; −0.97) with the combination metformin/linagliptin as compared to the placebo (p = 0.0002). Conclusions: in people with prediabetes, a 1 year treatment with metformin and linagliptin, combined or in monotherapy, was associated with a lower risk of SFPN, and with a lower decrease in eGFR, than treatment with placebo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression and Risk of Vascular Events in People With Diabetes: Results From the PROG-IMT Collaboration

Author

Lorenz, Matthias W., Price, Jackie F., Robertson, Christine, Bots, Michiel L., Polak, Joseph F., Poppert, Holger, Kavousi, Maryam, Dörr, Marcus, Stensland, Eva, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Rundek, Tatjana, Lind, Lars, Liu, Jing, Bergström, Göran, Grigore, Liliana, Bokemark, Lena, Friera, Alfonsa, Yanez, David, Bickel, Horst, Ikram, M. Arfan, Völzke, Henry, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Empana, Jean Philippe, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Willeit, Peter, Steinmetz, Helmuth, Desvarieux, Moise, Xie, Wuxiang, Schmidt, Caroline, Norata, Giuseppe D., Suarez, Carmen, Sander, Dirk, Hofman, Albert, Schminke, Ulf, Mathiesen, Ellisiv, Plichart, Matthieu, Kauhanen, Jussi, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., McLachlan, Stela, Zhao, Dong, Fagerberg, Björn, Catapano, Alberico L., Gabriel, Rafael, Franco, Oscar H., Bülbül, Alpaslan, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Gao, Lu, and Thompson, Simon G.

Published
2015
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13. Cardiovascular risk in the elderly population of Spain: the EPICARDIAN risk score

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Muñiz, Javier, Vega, Saturio, Moral, Irene, Pérez-Castro, Teresa-Rosalía, Rodríguez-Salvanés, Francisco, Suárez, C., Novella, Blanca, Brotons, Carlos, Gabriel, Rafael, Muñiz, Javier, Vega, Saturio, Moral, Irene, Pérez-Castro, Teresa-Rosalía, Rodríguez-Salvanés, Francisco, Suárez, C., Novella, Blanca, and Brotons, Carlos

Abstract

[Abstract] Background and objectives: Cardiovascular risk estimation in people over 70 years of age is problematic. Most scores have been created based on cohorts of middle-aged people, with an underrepresentation of older adults. The predictive power of classical cardiovascular risk factors declines with age. The aim of this work is to develop a specific score for estimating cardiovascular risk among the elderly population in Spain. Methods: This work is a population-based cohort established in 1995. Setting: Three geographical areas of Spain (Madrid, Ávila, and Lugo). Participants: 3,729 people older than 64 years with no cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at baseline. Measurements: Suspected fatal and nonfatal CVD (both coronary heart disease and stroke) were investigated annually and confirmed using the WHO-MONICA criteria. All participants were followed-up on until occurrence of a first CVD event, until death, or until December 31, 2015. Results: Age was the strongest predictor of CVD at 10 years in both men and women. In men, variables associated with CVD were high blood pressure treatment (HR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.067-1.710), diabetes (HR: 1.359; 95% CI: 0.997-1.852), and smoking (HR: 1.207; 95% CI: 0.945-1.541) and in women, the variables were smoking (HR: 1.881; 95% CI: 1.356-2.609) and diabetes (HR: 1.285; 95% CI: 0.967-1.707). Total cholesterol did not increase the risk of CVD in men or women. However, total cholesterol levels >200 mg/dL were inversely associated with 10-year risk of CVD in men and women. Conclusions: In elderly Spanish men, total CVD at 10 years is significantly increased by age, diabetes, and antihypertensive treatment and in elderly Spanish women by diabetes and smoking. Total cholesterol levels did not increase the risk of CVD, particularly in males., [Resumen] Antecedentes y objetivos. La estimación del riesgo cardiovascular en personas mayores de 70 años es problemática. La mayoría de las escalas se han creado basándose en cohortes de personas de mediana edad, con una representación insuficiente de los adultos de más edad. El poder predictivo de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular clásicos disminuye con la edad. El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar una escala específica para estimar el riesgo cardiovascular de la población anciana española. Métodos. Este estudio se realizó en una cohorte poblacional establecida en 1995. Marco: tres zonas geográficas de España (Madrid, Ávila y Lugo). Participantes: 3.729 personas mayores de 64 años sin enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) al inicio del seguimiento. Mediciones: Se investigaron anualmente las sospechas de ECV mortal y no mortal (cardiopatía coronaria e ictus) y se confirmaron usando los criterios del proyecto MONICA de la OMS. Se siguió a todos los participantes hasta que apareció el primer episodio de ECV, hasta su muerte o hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2015. Resultados. La edad fue el factor predictivo más potente de ECV a los 10 años en ambos sexos. Las variables asociadas con ECV en los varones fueron el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial (HR: 1,35; IC al 95%: 1,067−1,710), la diabetes (HR: 1,359; IC al 95%: 0,997−1,852) y el tabaquismo (HR: 1,207; IC al 95%: 0,945−1,541) y en las mujeres, el tabaquismo (HR: 1,881; IC al 95%: 1,356−2,609) y la diabetes (HR: 1,285; IC al 95%: 0,967−1,707). El colesterol-total no aumentó el riesgo de ECV, ni en varones ni en mujeres. Sin embargo, las concentraciones de colesterol total > 200 mg/dL se asociaron inversamente al riesgo de ECV a los 10 años, tanto en varones como en mujeres. Conclusiones. La ECV total a los 10 años aumenta significativamente en los varones españoles de edad avanzada con la edad, la diabetes y el tratamiento antihipertensivo y en las mujeres con la diabetes y el tabaquismo. Los niveles de c

Published
2021

17. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis (Proof-ATHERO) Consortium : Design and Rationale

Author

Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, JackieF., Bae, Jang-Ho, Brouwers, FrankP., de Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergstroem, Goeran, Asci, Guelay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, ManuelF., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi-Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W. B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolic, Radojica, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, DorotaA., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Kiechl, Stefan, Willeit, Johann, Lind, Lars, Empana, Jean Philippe, Lonn, Eva, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Catapano, Alberico, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Sander, Dirk, Kavousi, Maryam, Beulens, Joline W. J., Bots, Michiel L., Sweeting, Michael J., Lorenz, Matthias W., Willeit, Peter, Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, JackieF., Bae, Jang-Ho, Brouwers, FrankP., de Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergstroem, Goeran, Asci, Guelay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, ManuelF., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi-Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W. B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolic, Radojica, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, DorotaA., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Kiechl, Stefan, Willeit, Johann, Lind, Lars, Empana, Jean Philippe, Lonn, Eva, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Catapano, Alberico, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Sander, Dirk, Kavousi, Maryam, Beulens, Joline W. J., Bots, Michiel L., Sweeting, Michael J., Lorenz, Matthias W., and Willeit, Peter

Abstract

Atherosclerosis - the pathophysiological mechanism shared by most cardiovascular diseases - can be directly or indirectly assessed by a variety of clinical tests including measurement of carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, ankle-brachial index, pulse wave velocity, and coronary artery calcium. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis (Proof-ATHERO) consortium (https://clinicalepi.i-med.ac.at/research/proof-athero/) collates de-identified individual-participant data of studies with information on atherosclerosis measures, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. It currently comprises 74 studies that involve 106,846 participants from 25 countries and over 40 cities. In summary, 21 studies recruited participants from the general population (n = 67,784), 16 from high-risk populations (n = 22,677), and 37 as part of clinical trials (n = 16,385). Baseline years of contributing studies range from April 1980 to July 2014; the latest follow-up was until June 2019. Mean age at baseline was 59 years (standard deviation: 10) and 50% were female. Over a total of 830,619 person-years of follow-up, 17,270 incident cardiovascular events (including coronary heart disease and stroke) and 13,270 deaths were recorded, corresponding to cumulative incidences of 2.1% and 1.6% per annum, respectively. The consortium is coordinated by the Clinical Epidemiology Team at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. Contributing studies undergo a detailed data cleaning and harmonisation procedure before being incorporated in the Proof-ATHERO central database. Statistical analyses are being conducted according to pre-defined analysis plans and use established methods for individual-participant data meta-analysis. Capitalising on its large sample size, the multi-institutional collaborative Proof-ATHERO consortium aims to better characterise, understand, and predict the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences.

Published
2020
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18. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis (Proof-ATHERO) Consortium: Design and Rationale

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, Jackie F., Bae, Jang Ho, Brouwers, Frank P., De Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergström, Göran, Aşçi, Gülay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, Manuel F., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W.B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, Van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolić, Radojica, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz, Dorota A., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Beulens, Joline W.J., Bots, Michiel L., Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 1, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, Jackie F., Bae, Jang Ho, Brouwers, Frank P., De Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergström, Göran, Aşçi, Gülay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, Manuel F., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W.B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, Van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolić, Radojica, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz, Dorota A., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Beulens, Joline W.J., and Bots, Michiel L.

Published
2020

24. Comparing different definitions of prediabetes with subsequent risk of diabetes: An individual participant data meta-analysis involving 76 513 individuals and 8208 cases of incident diabetes

Author

Lee, Crystal Man Ying, Colagiuri, Stephen, Woodward, Mark, Gregg, Edward W., Adams, Robert, Azizi, Fereidoun, Gabriel, Rafael, Gill, Tiffany K., Gonzalez, Clicerio, Hodge, Allison, Jacobs, David R., Joseph, Joshua J., Khalili, Davood, Magliano, Dianna J, Mehlig, Kirsten, Milne, Roger, Mishra, Gita, Mongraw-Chaffin, Morgana, Pasco, Julie A., Sakurai, Masaru, Schreiner, Pamela J., Selvin, Elizabeth, Shaw, Jonathan E., Wittert, Gary, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, Huxley, Rachel R., Lee, Crystal Man Ying, Colagiuri, Stephen, Woodward, Mark, Gregg, Edward W., Adams, Robert, Azizi, Fereidoun, Gabriel, Rafael, Gill, Tiffany K., Gonzalez, Clicerio, Hodge, Allison, Jacobs, David R., Joseph, Joshua J., Khalili, Davood, Magliano, Dianna J, Mehlig, Kirsten, Milne, Roger, Mishra, Gita, Mongraw-Chaffin, Morgana, Pasco, Julie A., Sakurai, Masaru, Schreiner, Pamela J., Selvin, Elizabeth, Shaw, Jonathan E., Wittert, Gary, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, and Huxley, Rachel R.

Published
2019

26. Was the Historic Contribution of Spain to the Mexican Gene Pool Partially Responsible for the Higher Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican-Origin Populations? (Epidemiology/Health Services/Psychosocial Research)

Author

Lorenzo, Carlos, Serrano-Rios, Manel, Martinez-Larrad, Maria T., Gabriel, Rafael, Williams, Ken, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Stern, Michel P., Hazuda, Helen P., and Haffner, Steven M.

Subjects
Spain -- Health aspects, Mexico -- Health aspects, Diabetes -- Research, Mexicans -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects, Spaniards -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects, Type 2 diabetes -- Risk factors -- Genetic aspects, Health, Genetic aspects, Risk factors, Health aspects
Abstract

Carlos Lorenzo (1) Manel Serrano-Rios (2) Maria T. Martinez-Larrad (2) Rafael Gabriel (3) Ken Williams (1) Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando (+) Michel P. Stern (1) Helen P. Hazuda (1) Steven M. Haffner [...]

Published
2001

27. Comparing different definitions of prediabetes with subsequent risk of diabetes: an individual participant data meta-analysis involving 76 513 individuals and 8208 cases of incident diabetes

Author

Lee, Crystal Man Ying, primary, Colagiuri, Stephen, additional, Woodward, Mark, additional, Gregg, Edward W, additional, Adams, Robert, additional, Azizi, Fereidoun, additional, Gabriel, Rafael, additional, Gill, Tiffany K, additional, Gonzalez, Clicerio, additional, Hodge, Allison, additional, Jacobs Jr, David R, additional, Joseph, Joshua J, additional, Khalili, Davood, additional, Magliano, Dianna J, additional, Mehlig, Kirsten, additional, Milne, Roger, additional, Mishra, Gita, additional, Mongraw-Chaffin, Morgana, additional, Pasco, Julie A, additional, Sakurai, Masaru, additional, Schreiner, Pamela J, additional, Selvin, Elizabeth, additional, Shaw, Jonathan E, additional, Wittert, Gary, additional, Yatsuya, Hiroshi, additional, and Huxley, Rachel R, additional

Published
2019
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28. Ten-year fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction incidence in elderly populations in Spain: the EPICARDIAN cohort study

Author

Novella Blanca, López Isidro, Vega Saturio, Muñiz Javier, Reviriego Blanca, Alonso Margarita, Gabriel Rafael, Suárez Carmen, and Rodríguez-Salvanés Francisco

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background In Spain, more than 85% of coronary heart disease deaths occur in adults older than 65 years. However, coronary heart disease incidence and mortality in the Spanish elderly have been poorly described. The aim of this study is to estimate the ten-year incidence and mortality rates of myocardial infarction in a population-based large cohort of Spanish elders. Methods A population-based cohort of 3729 people older than 64 years old, free of previous myocardial infarction, was established in 1995 in three geographical areas of Spain. Any case of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction was investigated until December 2004 using the "cold pursuit method", previously used and validated by the the WHO-MONICA project. Results Men showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher cumulative incidence of myocardial infarction (7.2%; 95%CI: 5.94-8.54) than women (3.8%; 95%CI: 3.06-4.74). Although cumulative incidence increased with age (p < 0.05), gender-differences tended to narrow. Adjusted incidence rates were higher in men (957 per 100 000 person-years) than in women (546 per 100 000 person-years) (p < 0.001) and increased with age (p < 0.001). The increase was progressive in women but not in men. Adjusted mortality rates were also higher in men than in women (p < 0.001), being three times higher in the age group of ≥ 85 years old than in the age group of 65-74 years old (p < 0.001). Conclusion Incidence of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction is high in the Spanish elderly population. Men show higher rates than women, but gender differences diminish with age.

Published
2009
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29. Predictive value for cardiovascular events of common carotid intima media thickness and its rate of change in individuals at high cardiovascular risk - Results from the PROG-IMT collaboration

Author

Lorenz, Matthias W., Gao, Lu, Ziegelbauer, Kathrin, Norata, Giuseppe Danilo, Empana, Jean Philippe, Schmidtmann, Irene, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Willeit, Peter, Polak, Joseph F., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Igiseder, Bernhard, Beloqui, Oscar, Engstrom, Gunnar, Friera, Alfonso, Rozza, Francesco, Xie, Wuxiang, Parraga, Grace, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Blankenberg, Stefan, Su, Ta-Chen, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Voelzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Suarez, Carmen, Izzo, Raffaele, Zhao, Dong, Wannarong, Thapat, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergstrom, Goren, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Doerr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jacqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Castelnuovo, Samuela, Landecho, Manuel F., Rosvall, Maria, Gabriel, Rafael, de Luca, Nicola, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, de Groot, Eric, Bots, Michiel L., Yanez, David N., Thompson, Simon G., Lorenz, Matthias W., Gao, Lu, Ziegelbauer, Kathrin, Norata, Giuseppe Danilo, Empana, Jean Philippe, Schmidtmann, Irene, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Willeit, Peter, Polak, Joseph F., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Igiseder, Bernhard, Beloqui, Oscar, Engstrom, Gunnar, Friera, Alfonso, Rozza, Francesco, Xie, Wuxiang, Parraga, Grace, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Blankenberg, Stefan, Su, Ta-Chen, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Voelzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Suarez, Carmen, Izzo, Raffaele, Zhao, Dong, Wannarong, Thapat, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergstrom, Goren, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Doerr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jacqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Castelnuovo, Samuela, Landecho, Manuel F., Rosvall, Maria, Gabriel, Rafael, de Luca, Nicola, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, de Groot, Eric, Bots, Michiel L., Yanez, David N., and Thompson, Simon G.

Abstract

Aims: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) predicts cardiovascular (CVD) events, but the predictive value of CIMT change is debated. We assessed the relation between CIMT change and events in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results: From 31 cohorts with two CIMT scans (total n = 89070) on average 3.6 years apart and clinical follow-up, subcohorts were drawn: (A) individuals with at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors without previous CVD events, (B) individuals with carotid plaques without previous CVD events, and (C) individuals with previous CVD events. Cox regression models were fit to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of the combined endpoint (myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death) per standard deviation (SD) of CIMT change, adjusted for CVD risk factors. These HRs were pooled across studies. In groups A, B and C we observed 3483, 2845 and 1165 endpoint events, respectively. Average common CIMT was 0.79mm (SD 0.16mm), and annual common CIMT change was 0.01mm (SD 0.07mm), both in group A. The pooled HR per SD of annual common CIMT change (0.02 to 0.43mm) was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.02) in group A, 0.98 (0.93-1.04) in group B, and 0.95 (0.89-1.04) in group C. The HR per SD of common CIMT (average of the first and the second CIMT scan, 0.09 to 0.75mm) was 1.15 (1.07-1.23) in group A, 1.13 (1.05-1.22) in group B, and 1.12 (1.05-1.20) in group C. Conclusions: We confirm that common CIMT is associated with future CVD events in individuals at high risk. CIMT change does not relate to future event risk in high-risk individuals.

Published
2018
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30. Predictive value for cardiovascular events of common carotid intima media thickness and its rate of change in individuals at high cardiovascular risk – results from the PROG-IMT collaboration

Author

Pirro, Matteo, PROG-IMT study group, Lorenz, Matthias, Gao, Lu, Ziegelbauer, Kathrin, Norata, Giuseppe Danilo, Empana, Jean Philippe, Schmidtmann, Irene, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Willeit, Peter, Polak, Joseph F., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Iglseder, Bernhard, Beloqui, Oscar, Engström, Gunnar, Friera, Alfonso, Rozza, Francesco, Xie, Wuxiang, Parraga, Grace, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Blankenberg, Stefan, Su, Ta-Chen, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Völzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Suarez, Carmen, Izzo, Raffaele, Zhao, Dong, Wannarong, Thapat, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergström, Göran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Dörr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jacqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Castelnuovo, Samuela, Landecho, Manuel F., Rosvall, Maria, Gabriel, Rafael, De Luca, Nicola, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, De Groot, Eric, Bots, Michiel L., Yanez, David N., Thompson, Simon G., Pirro, Matteo, PROG-IMT study group, Lorenz, Matthias, Gao, Lu, Ziegelbauer, Kathrin, Norata, Giuseppe Danilo, Empana, Jean Philippe, Schmidtmann, Irene, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Willeit, Peter, Polak, Joseph F., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Iglseder, Bernhard, Beloqui, Oscar, Engström, Gunnar, Friera, Alfonso, Rozza, Francesco, Xie, Wuxiang, Parraga, Grace, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Blankenberg, Stefan, Su, Ta-Chen, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Völzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Suarez, Carmen, Izzo, Raffaele, Zhao, Dong, Wannarong, Thapat, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Espinola-Klein, Christine, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergström, Göran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Dörr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jacqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Castelnuovo, Samuela, Landecho, Manuel F., Rosvall, Maria, Gabriel, Rafael, De Luca, Nicola, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, De Groot, Eric, Bots, Michiel L., Yanez, David N., and Thompson, Simon G.

Abstract

Aims: Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) predicts cardiovascular (CVD) events, but the predictive value of CIMT change is debated. We assessed the relation between CIMT change and events in individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Methods and results: From 31 cohorts with two CIMT scans (total n = 89070) on average 3.6 years apart and clinical follow-up, subcohorts were drawn: (A) individuals with at least 3 cardiovascular risk factors without previous CVD events, (B) individuals with carotid plaques without previous CVD events, and (C) individuals with previous CVD events. Cox regression models were fit to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of the combined endpoint (myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death) per standard deviation (SD) of CIMT change, adjusted for CVD risk factors. These HRs were pooled across studies. In groups A, B and C we observed 3483, 2845 and 1165 endpoint events, respectively. Average common CIMT was 0.79mm (SD 0.16mm), and annual common CIMT change was 0.01mm (SD 0.07mm), both in group A. The pooled HR per SD of annual common CIMT change (0.02 to 0.43mm) was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.02) in group A, 0.98 (0.93–1.04) in group B, and 0.95 (0.89–1.04) in group C. The HR per SD of common CIMT (average of the first and the second CIMT scan, 0.09 to 0.75mm) was 1.15 (1.07–1.23) in group A, 1.13 (1.05–1.22) in group B, and 1.12 (1.05–1.20) in group C. Conclusions: We confirm that common CIMT is associated with future CVD events in individuals at high risk. CIMT change does not relate to future event risk in high-risk individuals.

Published
2018

33. Automatic identification of variables in epidemiological datasets using logic regression

Author

Lorenz, Matthias W., Abdi, Negin Ashtiani, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Bülbül, Alpaslan, Catapano, Alberico L., Agewall, Stefan, Ezhov, Marat, Bots, Michiel L., Kiechl, Stefan, Orth, Andreas, Norata, Giuseppe D., Empana, Jean Philippe, Lin, Hung Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Kato, Akihiko, Dimitriadis, Chrystosomos, Przewlocki, Tadeusz, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, C. D.A., Lazarevic, Tatjana, Willeit, Peter, Yanez, David N., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Bevc, Sebastjan, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Iglseder, Bernhard, Engström, Gunnar, Tripepi, Giovanni, Beloqui, Oscar, Lee, Moo Sik, Friera, Alfonsa, Xie, Wuxiang, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Su, Ta Chen, Robertson, Christine, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Völzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Jovanovic, Aleksandar, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Hojs, Radovan, Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Park, Hyun Woong, Suarez, Carmen, Zhao, Dong, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Chien, Kuo Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergström, Göran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Dörr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Papagianni, Aikaterini, Kablak-Ziembicka, Anna, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jaqueline M., Stolic, Radojica, Polak, Joseph F., Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Ekart, Robert, Frauchiger, Beat, Castelnuovo, Samuela, Rosvall, Maria, Zoccali, Carmine, Landecho, Manuel F., Bae, Jang Ho, Gabriel, Rafael, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, and Epidemiology

Subjects
Carotid Artery Diseases, Matching (statistics), Databases, Factual, Epidemiologic Factors, Computer science, Epidemiology, Sample (statistics), Health Informatics, Logistic regression, computer.software_genre, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Data management, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Set (abstract data type), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Backup, Predictive Value of Tests, Statistics, Journal Article, Data Mining, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical Informatics Applications, Health Policy, Prognosis, Logic regression, Computer Science Applications, Identification (information), Variable (computer science), Meta-analysis, Logistic Models, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Data quality, lcsh:R858-859.7, Data mining, computer, Algorithms, Research Article
Abstract

Background For an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis, multiple datasets must be transformed in a consistent format, e.g. using uniform variable names. When large numbers of datasets have to be processed, this can be a time-consuming and error-prone task. Automated or semi-automated identification of variables can help to reduce the workload and improve the data quality. For semi-automation high sensitivity in the recognition of matching variables is particularly important, because it allows creating software which for a target variable presents a choice of source variables, from which a user can choose the matching one, with only low risk of having missed a correct source variable. Methods For each variable in a set of target variables, a number of simple rules were manually created. With logic regression, an optimal Boolean combination of these rules was searched for every target variable, using a random subset of a large database of epidemiological and clinical cohort data (construction subset). In a second subset of this database (validation subset), this optimal combination rules were validated. Results In the construction sample, 41 target variables were allocated on average with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 34%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 95%. In the validation sample, PPV was 33%, whereas NPV remained at 94%. In the construction sample, PPV was 50% or less in 63% of all variables, in the validation sample in 71% of all variables. Conclusions We demonstrated that the application of logic regression in a complex data management task in large epidemiological IPD meta-analyses is feasible. However, the performance of the algorithm is poor, which may require backup strategies.

Published
2017
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34. Shape of the OGTT glucose curve and risk of impaired glucose metabolism in the EGIR-RISC cohort

Author

Manco, Melania Nolfe, Giuseppe Pataky, Zoltan Monti, Lucilla and Porcellati, Francesca Gabriel, Rafael Mitrakou, Asimina and Mingrone, Geltrude

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, nutritional and metabolic diseases
Abstract

Objective. To study whether the shape of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-glucose curve is a stable trait over time; it is associated with differences in insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function and risk of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and glucose tolerance (IGT) in the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) cohort. Methods. OGTT-glucose curve shape was classified as monophasic, biphasic, triphasic and anomalous in 915 individuals. Oral glucose insulin sensitivity (OGIS), Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and beta-cell function were assessed at baseline and 3 years apart. Results. The OGTT-glucose curve had the same baseline shape after 3 years in 540 people (59%; kappa = 0.115; p < 0.0001). Seventy percent of the participants presented with monophasic OGTT-glucose curve shape at baseline and after 3 years (percent positive agreement 0.74). Baseline monophasic shape was associated with significant increased risk of IFG (OR 1.514; 95% CI 1.084-2.116; p = 0.015); biphasic shape with reduced risk of IGT (OR 0.539; 95% CI 0.310-0.936) and triphasic shape with reduced risk of IFG (OR 0.493; 95% CI 0.228-1.066; P = 0.043) after 3 years. Increased risks of IFG (OR 1.509; 95% CI 1.008-2.260; p = 0.05) and IGT (OR 1.947; 95% CI 1.085-3.494; p = 0.02) were found in people who kept stable monophasic morphology over time and in switchers from biphasic to monophasic shape (OR of IGT = 3.085; 95% CI 1.377-6.912; p = 0.001). Conclusion. After 3 years follow-up, the OGTT-glucose shape was stable in 59% of the RISC cohort. Shapes were associated with different OGIS and beta-cell function; persistence over time of the monophasic shape and switch from biphasic to monophasic shape with increased risk of impaired glucose metabolism. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2017

35. Early prevention of diabetes microvascular complications in people with hyperglycaemia in Europe. ePREDICE randomized trial. Study protocol, recruitment and selected baseline data.

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Boukichou Abdelkader, Nisa, Acosta, Tania, Gilis-Januszewska, Aleksandra, Gómez-Huelgas, Ricardo, Makrilakis, Konstantinos, Kamenov, Zdravko, Paulweber, Bernhard, Satman, Ilhan, Djordjevic, Predrag, Alkandari, Abdullah, Mitrakou, Asimina, Lalic, Nebojsa, Colagiuri, Stephen, Lindström, Jaana, Egido, Jesús, Natali, Andrea, Pastor, J. Carlos, Teuschl, Yvonne, and Lind, Marcus

Subjects
*DIABETIC nephropathies, *DIABETES complications, *FATTY liver, *DIABETIC retinopathy, *METFORMIN, *INSULIN resistance, *HYPERGLYCEMIA
Abstract

Objectives: To assess the effects of early management of hyperglycaemia with antidiabetic drugs plus lifestyle intervention compared with lifestyle alone, on microvascular function in adults with pre-diabetes. Methods: Trial design: International, multicenter, randomised, partially double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Participants: Males and females aged 45–74 years with IFG, IGT or IFG+IGT, recruited from primary care centres in Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Greece, Kuwait, Poland, Serbia, Spain and Turkey. Intervention: Participants were randomized to placebo; metformin 1.700 mg/day; linagliptin 5 mg/day or fixed-dose combination of linagliptin/metformin. All patients were enrolled in a lifestyle intervention program (diet and physical activity). Drug intervention will last 2 years. Primary Outcome: composite end-point of diabetic retinopathy estimated by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Score, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, and skin conductance in feet estimated by the sudomotor index. Secondary outcomes in a subsample include insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, biomarkers of inflammation and fatty liver disease, quality of life, cognitive function, depressive symptoms and endothelial function. Results: One thousand three hundred ninety one individuals with hyperglycaemia were assessed for eligibility, 424 excluded after screening, 967 allocated to placebo, metformin, linagliptin or to fixed-dose combination of metformin + linagliptin. A total of 809 people (91.1%) accepted and initiated the assigned treatment. Study sample after randomization was well balanced among the four groups. No statistical differences for the main risk factors analysed were observed between those accepting or rejecting treatment initiation. At baseline prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 4.2%, severe neuropathy 5.3% and nephropathy 5.7%. Conclusions: ePREDICE is the first -randomized clinical trial with the aim to assess effects of different interventions (lifestyle and pharmacological) on microvascular function in people with pre-diabetes. The trial will provide novel data on lifestyle modification combined with glucose lowering drugs for the prevention of early microvascular complications and diabetes. Registration: - ClinicalTrials.Gov Identifier: NCT03222765 - EUDRACT Registry Number: 2013-000418-39 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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37. Automatic identification of variables in epidemiological datasets using logic regression

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 5, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Lorenz, Matthias W., Abdi, Negin Ashtiani, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Bülbül, Alpaslan, Catapano, Alberico L., Agewall, Stefan, Ezhov, Marat, Bots, Michiel L., Kiechl, Stefan, Orth, Andreas, Norata, Giuseppe D., Empana, Jean Philippe, Lin, Hung Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Kato, Akihiko, Dimitriadis, Chrystosomos, Przewlocki, Tadeusz, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, C. D.A., Lazarevic, Tatjana, Willeit, Peter, Yanez, David N., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Bevc, Sebastjan, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Iglseder, Bernhard, Engström, Gunnar, Tripepi, Giovanni, Beloqui, Oscar, Lee, Moo Sik, Friera, Alfonsa, Xie, Wuxiang, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Su, Ta Chen, Robertson, Christine, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Völzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Jovanovic, Aleksandar, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Hojs, Radovan, Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Park, Hyun Woong, Suarez, Carmen, Zhao, Dong, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Chien, Kuo Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergström, Göran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Dörr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Papagianni, Aikaterini, Kablak-Ziembicka, Anna, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jaqueline M., Stolic, Radojica, Polak, Joseph F., Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Ekart, Robert, Frauchiger, Beat, Castelnuovo, Samuela, Rosvall, Maria, Zoccali, Carmine, Landecho, Manuel F., Bae, Jang Ho, Gabriel, Rafael, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, Kavousi, Maryam, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 5, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Lorenz, Matthias W., Abdi, Negin Ashtiani, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Bülbül, Alpaslan, Catapano, Alberico L., Agewall, Stefan, Ezhov, Marat, Bots, Michiel L., Kiechl, Stefan, Orth, Andreas, Norata, Giuseppe D., Empana, Jean Philippe, Lin, Hung Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Amato, Mauro, Schminke, Ulf, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Lind, Lars, Kato, Akihiko, Dimitriadis, Chrystosomos, Przewlocki, Tadeusz, Okazaki, Shuhei, Stehouwer, C. D.A., Lazarevic, Tatjana, Willeit, Peter, Yanez, David N., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Sander, Dirk, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Bevc, Sebastjan, Staub, Daniel, Sirtori, Cesare R., Iglseder, Bernhard, Engström, Gunnar, Tripepi, Giovanni, Beloqui, Oscar, Lee, Moo Sik, Friera, Alfonsa, Xie, Wuxiang, Grigore, Liliana, Plichart, Matthieu, Su, Ta Chen, Robertson, Christine, Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi Pekka, Veglia, Fabrizio, Völzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Jovanovic, Aleksandar, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., Franco, Oscar H., Hojs, Radovan, Uthoff, Heiko, Hedblad, Bo, Park, Hyun Woong, Suarez, Carmen, Zhao, Dong, Catapano, Alberico, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Chien, Kuo Liong, Price, Jackie F., Bergström, Göran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Tremoli, Elena, Dörr, Marcus, Berenson, Gerald, Papagianni, Aikaterini, Kablak-Ziembicka, Anna, Kitagawa, Kazuo, Dekker, Jaqueline M., Stolic, Radojica, Polak, Joseph F., Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Rundek, Tatjana, Hofman, Albert, Ekart, Robert, Frauchiger, Beat, Castelnuovo, Samuela, Rosvall, Maria, Zoccali, Carmine, Landecho, Manuel F., Bae, Jang Ho, Gabriel, Rafael, Liu, Jing, Baldassarre, Damiano, and Kavousi, Maryam

Published
2017

38. Global methodology for developmental neurotoxicity testing inhumans and animals early and chronically exposed to chemicalcontaminants

Author

Abraham, Jella-Andrea, Golubnitschaja, Olga, Akhmetov, Ildar, Andrews, Russell J., Quintana, Leonidas, Baban, Babak, Liu, Jun Yao, Qin, Xu, Wang, Tailing, Mozaffari, Mahmood S., Bati, Viktoriia V., Meleshko, Tamara V., Levchuk, Olga B., Boyko, Nadiya V., Bauer, Joanna, Boerner, Ewa, Podbielska, Halina, Bomba, Alojz, Petrov, Viktor O., Drobnych, Volodymyr G., Bubnov, Rostyslav V., Bykova, Oksana M., Brunner-La Rocca, Hans-Peter, Fleischhacker, Lutz, Heemskerk, Frank, Helms, Thomas, Jaarsma, Tiny, Kinkorová, Judita, Ramaekers, Jan, Ruff, Peter, Schnur, Ivana, Vanoli, Emilio, Verdu, Jose, Grabovetskyi, Sergiy A., Mykhalchenko, Olena M., Tymoshok, Natalia O., Shcherbakov, Oleksandr B., Semeniv, Igor P., Spivak, Mykola Y., Ostapenko, Tetyana V., Kobyliak, Nazarii M., Zholobak, Nadiya M., Spivak, Mykola Ya., Cauchi, John Paul, Cherepakhin, Dmitrii, Bakay, Marina, Borovikov, Artem, Suchkov, Sergey, Cieślik, Barbara, Migasiewicz, Agnieszka, Podbielska, Maria-Luiza, Pelleter, Markus, Giemza, Agnieszka, Cirak, Sebahattin, Del Re, Marzia, Bordi, Paola, Citi, Valentina, Palombi, Marta, Pinto, Carmine, Tiseo, Marcello, Danesi, Romano, Einhorn, Lukas, Fazekas, Judit, Muhr, Martina, Schoos, Alexandra, Panakova, Lucia, Herrmann, Ina, Manzano-Szalai, Krisztina, Oida, Kumiko, Fiebiger, Edda, Singer, Josef, Jensen-Jarolim, Erika, Elnar, Arpiné A., Ouamara, Nadia, Boyko, Nadiya, Coumoul, Xavier, Antignac, Jean-Philippe, Le Bizec, Bruno, Eppe, Gauthier, Renaut, Jenny, Bonn, Torsten, Guignard, Cédric, Ferrante, Margherita, Chiusano, Maria Liusa, Cuzzocrea, Salvatore, O’Keeffe, Gerard, Cryan, John, Bisson, Michelle, Barakat, Amina, Hmamouchi, Ihsane, Zawia, Nasser, Kanthasamy, Anumantha, Kisby, Glen E., Alves, Rui, Pérez, Oscar Villacañas, Burgard, Kim, Spencer, Peter, Bomba, Norbert, Haranta, Martin, Zaitseva, Nina, May, Irina, Grojean, Stéphanie, Body-Malapel, Mathilde, Harari, Florencia, Harari, Raul, Yeghiazaryan, Kristina, Calabrese, Vittorio, Nemos, Christophe, Soulimani, Rachid, Evsevyeva, Maria E., Mishenko, Elena A., Kumukova, Zurida V., Chudnovsky, Evgeniy V., Smirnova, Tatyana A., Ivanova, Ludmila V., Eremin, Michail V., Rostovtseva, Maria V., Koshel, Vladimir I., Sergeeva, Oksana V., Konovalova, Nadesgda M., Girotra, Shantanu, Debald, Manuel, Kuhn, Walther, Goncharenko, Vadym M., Lushchyk, Ulyana, Grech, Godfrey, Konieczka, Katarzyna, Erwich, Jan Jaap, Costigliola, Vincenzo, Gembruch, Ulrich, Beniuk, Vasyl O., Kalenska, Olga V., Melnychuk, Olga, Gorbacheva, Irina A., Orekhova, Lyudmila Y., Tachalov, Vadim V., Grechanyk, Olena I., Abdullaiev, Rizvan Ya., Hagan, Suzanne, Martin, Eilidh, Pearce, Ian, Oliver, Katherine, Haytac, Cenk, Salimov, Fariz, Yoksul, Servin, Kunin, Anatoly A., Moiseeva, Natalia S., Herrera-Imbroda, Bernardo, del Río-González, Sergio, Lara, Maria Fernanda, Angulo, Antonia, Machuca Santa-Cruz, Francisco Javier, Ionescu, John, Isamulaeva, Alfiya Z., Magomedov, Shamil Sh., Isamulaeva, Aida I., Josifova, Tatjana, Kapalla, Marko, Kubáň, Juraj, Kent, Anthony, Fisher, Tom, Dias, Tilak, Topolčan, Ondřej, Kohl, Matthias, Kurchenko, Andrii I., Beniuk, Vasyl A., Strokan, Andriy M., Kzhyshkowska, Julia, Gudima, Alexandru, Stankevich, Ksenia S., Filimonov, Victor D., Klüter, Harald, Mamontova, Evgeniya M., Tverdokhlebov, Sergei I., Lushchyk, Ulyana B., Novytskyy, Viktor V., Babii, Igor P., Lushchyk, Nadiya G., Riabets, Lyudmyla S., Legka, Ivanna I., Marcus-Kalish, Mira, Mitelpunkt, Alexis, Galili, Tal, Shachar, Neta, Benjamini, Yoav, Dereń, Ewelina, Kunin, Dmitry A., Ippolitov, Yury A., Morozov, Alexei N., Chirkova, Natalia V., Aliev, Nakhid T., Abdelsayed, Rafik, Shi, Xing-Ming, Novák, Jaroslav, Štork, Milan, Zeman, Václav, Oosterhuis, Wytze P., Theodorsson, Elvar, Kudryavtseva, Tatyana V., Isaeva, Elena R., Loboda, Ekaterina S., Pazzagli, Mario, Malentacchi, Francesca, Mancini, Irene, Brandslund, Ivan, Vermeersch, Pieter, Schwab, Matthias, Marc, Janja, van Schaik, Ron H. N., Siest, Gerard, Di Resta, Chiara, Pleva, Matus, Juhar, Jozef, Polívka, Jiří, Janků, Filip, Pešta, Martin, Doležal, Jan, Králíčková, Milena, Lukešová, Alena, Müllerová, Nina, Ševčík, Petr, Rohan, Vladimír, Richter, Kneginja, Miloseva, Lence, Niklewski, Günter, Acker, Jens, Niklewski, Guenter, Safonicheva, Olga, Sautin, Maxim, Sinelnikova, Janna, Secer, Songül, von Bandemer, Stephan, Shapira, Niva, Shcherbakov, Aleksandr, Shumilovich, Bogdan R., Lipkind, Zhanna, Vorobieva, Yulia, Sudareva, Anastasiia V., Smokovski, Ivica, Milenkovic, Tatjana, Solís-Herrera, Arturo, Arias-Esparza, María del Carmen, Sridhar, Krishna Chander, Studneva, Maria, Song, Sihong, Creeden, James, Мandrik, Мark, Tofail, Syed A. M., Fiala, Ondřej, Karlíková, Marie, Svobodová, Šárka, Kučera, Radek, Fuchsová, Radka, Třeška, Vladislav, Šimánek, Václav, Pecen, Ladislav, Šoupal, Jan, Svačina, Štěpán, Tretyak, Evgeniya, Trovato, Francesca M., Martines, Giuseppe Fabio, Brischetto, Daniela, Catalano, Daniela, Musumeci, Giuseppe, Trovato, Guglielmo M., Tsangaris, George Th., Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios K., Verdú, José, Gutiérrez, German, Rovira, Jordi, Martinez, Marta, Green, Donna, Garson, Arthur, Tamburini, Elena, Cuomo, Stefano, Martinez-Leon, Juan, Abrisqueta, Teresa, Arredondo, Teresa, Vera, Cecilia, Fico, Giuseppe, Arribas, Fernando, Onderco, Martina, Vara, Isabel, Sambo, Francesco, Di Camillo, Barbara, Cobelli, Claudio, Facchinetti, Andrea, Bellazzi, Riccardo, Sacchi, Lucia, Dagliati, Arianna, Segnani, Daniele, Tibollo, Valentina, Ottaviano, Manuel, Gabriel, Rafael, Groop, Leif, Postma, Jacqueline, Martinez, Antonio, Hakaste, Liisa, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Zarkogianni, Konstantia, Volchek, Igor, Pototskaya, Nina, Petrov, Andrey, Pototskaya, Nadezhda, Voog-Oras, Ülle, Jagur, Oksana, Leibur, Edvitar, Niibo, Priit, Jagomägi, Triin, Nguyen, Minh Son, Pruunsild, Chris, Piikov, Dagmar, Saag, Mare, Wang, Wei, Weinhäusel, Andreas, Pulverer, Walter, Wielscher, Matthias, Hofner, Manuela, Noehammer, Christa, Soldo, Regina, Hettegger, Peter, Gyurjan, Istvan, Kulovics, Ronald, Schönthaler, Silvia, Beikircher, Gabriel, Kriegner, Albert, Pabinger, Stephan, Vierlinger, Klemens, Yüzbaşıoğlu, Ayşe, and Özgüç, Meral

Published
2016

39. Diabetes and Prediabetes Classification Using Glycemic Variability Indices From Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data

Author

Acciaroli, Giada, primary, Sparacino, Giovanni, additional, Hakaste, Liisa, additional, Facchinetti, Andrea, additional, Di Nunzio, Giorgio Maria, additional, Palombit, Alessandro, additional, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, additional, Gabriel, Rafael, additional, Aranda, Jaime, additional, Vega, Saturio, additional, and Cobelli, Claudio, additional

Published
2017
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40. Normative values for carotid intima media thickness and its progression : Are they transferrable outside of their cohort of origin?

Author

Liao, Ximing, Norata, Giuseppe D., Polak, Joseph F., Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Catapano, Alberico, Rundek, Tatjana, Ezhov, Marat, Sander, Dirk, Thompson, Simon G., Lorenz, Matthias W., Balakhonova, Tatyana, Safarova, Maya, Grigore, Liliana, Empana, Jean-Philippe, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Schminke, Ulf, Lind, Lars, Willeit, Peter, Yanez, David N., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Iglseder, Bernhard, Friera, Alfonsa, Xie, Wuxiang, Plichart, Matthieu, Su, Ta-Chen, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Volzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Franco, Oscar H., Suarez, Carmen, Zhao, Dong, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Robertson, Christine, Bergstrom, Goran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Dorr, Marcus, Dekker, Jaqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Sacco, Ralph L., Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Gabriel, Rafael, Liu, Jing, Berenson, Gerald, Kavousi, Maryam, Price, Jackie F., Liao, Ximing, Norata, Giuseppe D., Polak, Joseph F., Stehouwer, Coen D. A., Catapano, Alberico, Rundek, Tatjana, Ezhov, Marat, Sander, Dirk, Thompson, Simon G., Lorenz, Matthias W., Balakhonova, Tatyana, Safarova, Maya, Grigore, Liliana, Empana, Jean-Philippe, Lin, Hung-Ju, McLachlan, Stela, Bokemark, Lena, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Schminke, Ulf, Lind, Lars, Willeit, Peter, Yanez, David N., Steinmetz, Helmuth, Poppert, Holger, Desvarieux, Moise, Ikram, M. Arfan, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Iglseder, Bernhard, Friera, Alfonsa, Xie, Wuxiang, Plichart, Matthieu, Su, Ta-Chen, Srinivasan, Sathanur R., Schmidt, Caroline, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Volzke, Henry, Nijpels, Giel, Willeit, Johann, Franco, Oscar H., Suarez, Carmen, Zhao, Dong, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Robertson, Christine, Bergstrom, Goran, Kauhanen, Jussi, Dorr, Marcus, Dekker, Jaqueline M., Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Bickel, Horst, Sacco, Ralph L., Hofman, Albert, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Gabriel, Rafael, Liu, Jing, Berenson, Gerald, Kavousi, Maryam, and Price, Jackie F.

Abstract

Background The clinical use of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) requires normal values, which may be subject to variation of geographical factors, ethnicity or measurement details. The influence of these factors has rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to determine whether normative cIMT values and their association with event risk are generalizable across populations. Design Meta-analysis of individual participant data. Method From 22 general population cohorts from Europe, North America and Asia we selected subjects free of cardiovascular disease. Percentiles of cIMT and cIMT progression were assessed separately for every cohort. Cox proportional hazards models for vascular events were used to estimate hazard ratios for cIMT in each cohort. The estimates were pooled across Europe, North America and Asia, with random effects meta-analysis. The influence of geography, ethnicity and ultrasound protocols on cIMT values and on the hazard ratios was examined by meta-regression. Results Geographical factors, ethnicity and the ultrasound protocol had influence neither on the percentiles of cIMT and its progression, nor on the hazard ratios of cIMT for vascular events. Heterogeneity for percentiles of cIMT and cIMT progression was too large to create meaningful normative values. Conclusions The distribution of cIMT values is too heterogeneous to define universal or regional population reference values. CIMT values vary widely between different studies regardless of ethnicity, geographic location and ultrasound protocol. Prediction of vascular events with cIMT values was more consistent across all cohorts, ethnicities and regions.

Published
2016
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41. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression and Risk of Vascular Events in People With Diabetes: Results From the PROG-IMT Collaboration

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 5, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Lorenz, Matthias W., Price, Jackie F., Robertson, Christine, Bots, Michiel L., Polak, Joseph F., Poppert, Holger, Kavousi, Maryam, Doerr, Marcus, Stensland, Eva, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Rundek, Tatjana, Lind, Lars, Liu, Jing, Bergstrom, Goran, Grigore, Liliana, Bokemark, Lena, Friera, Alfonsa, Yanez, David, Bickel, Horst, Ikram, M. Arfan, Voelzke, Henry, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Empana, Jean Philippe, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Willeit, Peter, Steinmetz, Helmuth, Desvarieux, Moise, Xie, Wuxiang, Schmidt, Caroline, Norata, Giuseppe D., Suarez, Carmen, Sander, Dirk, Hofman, Albert, Schminke, Ulf, Mathiesen, Ellisiv, Plichart, Matthieu, Kauhanen, Jussi, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., McLachlan, Stela, Zhao, Dong, Fagerberg, Bjorn, Catapano, Alberico L., Gabriel, Rafael, Franco, Oscar H., Buelbuel, Alpaslan, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Gao, Lu, Thompson, Simon G., Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 5, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Lorenz, Matthias W., Price, Jackie F., Robertson, Christine, Bots, Michiel L., Polak, Joseph F., Poppert, Holger, Kavousi, Maryam, Doerr, Marcus, Stensland, Eva, Ducimetiere, Pierre, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Kiechl, Stefan, Sitzer, Matthias, Rundek, Tatjana, Lind, Lars, Liu, Jing, Bergstrom, Goran, Grigore, Liliana, Bokemark, Lena, Friera, Alfonsa, Yanez, David, Bickel, Horst, Ikram, M. Arfan, Voelzke, Henry, Johnsen, Stein Harald, Empana, Jean Philippe, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Willeit, Peter, Steinmetz, Helmuth, Desvarieux, Moise, Xie, Wuxiang, Schmidt, Caroline, Norata, Giuseppe D., Suarez, Carmen, Sander, Dirk, Hofman, Albert, Schminke, Ulf, Mathiesen, Ellisiv, Plichart, Matthieu, Kauhanen, Jussi, Willeit, Johann, Sacco, Ralph L., McLachlan, Stela, Zhao, Dong, Fagerberg, Bjorn, Catapano, Alberico L., Gabriel, Rafael, Franco, Oscar H., Buelbuel, Alpaslan, Scheckenbach, Frank, Pflug, Anja, Gao, Lu, and Thompson, Simon G.

Published
2015

42. A Bayesian Network analysis of the probabilistic relations between risk factors in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes

Author

Sambo, Francesco, Gabriel, Rafael, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Cobelli, Claudio, Di Camillo, Barbara, Franzin, Alberto, Facchinetti, Andrea, Hakaste, Liisa, Kravic, Jasmina, Fico, Giuseppe, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Groop, Leif, Sambo, Francesco, Gabriel, Rafael, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Cobelli, Claudio, Di Camillo, Barbara, Franzin, Alberto, Facchinetti, Andrea, Hakaste, Liisa, Kravic, Jasmina, Fico, Giuseppe, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, and Groop, Leif

Abstract

In order to better understand the relations between different risk factors in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes, we present a Bayesian Network analysis of a large dataset, composed of three European population studies. Our results show, together with a key role of metabolic syndrome and of glucose after 2 hours of an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, the importance of education, measured as the number of years of study, in the predisposition to type 2 diabetes., SCOPUS: cp.p, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2015

43. La ecuación ERICE: la nueva ecuación autóctona de riesgo cardiovascular para una población mediterránea envejecida y de bajo riesgo en España

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, primary, Brotons, Carlos, additional, Tormo, M. José, additional, Segura, Antonio, additional, Rigo, Fernando, additional, Elosua, Roberto, additional, Carbayo, Julio A., additional, Gavrila, Diana, additional, Moral, Irene, additional, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, additional, and Muñiz, Javier, additional

Published
2015
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44. Elaboración de un mapa ergonómico de la planta de montaje en la Factoría Ford España s.l. Teniendo en cuenta riesgos de seguridad, higiénicos y ergonómicos

Author

Arnal Arnal, José Miguel, Relanzón Sánchez-Gabriel, Rafael, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers Industrials, Torrejón Cabello, Ana, Arnal Arnal, José Miguel, Relanzón Sánchez-Gabriel, Rafael, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers Industrials, and Torrejón Cabello, Ana

Abstract

Consulta en la Biblioteca ETSI Industriales (5735)

Published
2014

45. The ERICE-score: the new native cardiovascular score for the low-risk and aged mediterranean population of Spain

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Brotons, Carlos, Tormo, María José, Segura Fragoso, Antonio, Rigo, Fernando, Elosua, Roberto, Carbayo, Julio A., Moral, Irene, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Muñiz, Javier, Gabriel, Rafael, Brotons, Carlos, Tormo, María José, Segura Fragoso, Antonio, Rigo, Fernando, Elosua, Roberto, Carbayo, Julio A., Moral, Irene, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, and Muñiz, Javier

Abstract

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. In Spain, data based on large population-based cohorts adequate to provide an accurate prediction of cardiovascular risk have been scarce. Thus, calibration of the EuroSCORE and Framingham scores has been proposed and done for our population. The aim was to develop a native risk prediction score to accurately estimate the individual cardiovascular risk in the Spanish population. Methods. Seven Spanish population-based cohorts including middle-aged and elderly participants were assembled. There were 11 800 people (6387 women) representing 107 915 person-years of follow-up. A total of 1214 cardiovascular events were identified, of which 633 were fatal. Cox regression analyses were conducted to examine the contributions of the different variables to the 10-year total cardiovascular risk. Results. Age was the strongest cardiovascular risk factor. High systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and smoking were strong predictive factors. The contribution of serum total cholesterol was small. Antihypertensive treatment also had a significant impact on cardiovascular risk, greater in men than in women. The model showed a good discriminative power (C-statistic = 0.789 in men and C = 0.816 in women). Ten-year risk estimations are displayed graphically in risk charts separately for men and women. Conclusions. The ERICE is a new native cardiovascular risk score for the Spanish population derived from the background and contemporaneous risk of several Spanish cohorts. The ERICE score offers the direct and reliable estimation of total cardiovascular risk, taking in consideration the effect of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk factor management. The ERICE score is a practical and useful tool for clinicians to estimate the total individual cardiovascular risk in Spain., [Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. En España no existen unas cohortes poblacionales suficientemente grandes para hacer predicciones precisas del riesgo cardiovascular. Las ecuaciones de Framingham y EuroSCORE calibradas son las más utilizadas en España. El objetivo es desarrollar la primera ecuación de predicción autóctona para estimar con precisión el riesgo cardiovascular individual en España. Métodos. Análisis conjunto de siete cohortes españolas de población de mediana edad y anciana. La población del estudio —11.800 personas (6.387 mujeres)— aportó un total de 107.915 personas-año de seguimiento y 1.214 eventos cardiovasculares (633 de ellos, mortales). Se efectuó un análisis de regresión de Cox para examinar la contribución de los diferentes factores al riesgo de cualquier evento cardiovascular (mortal y no mortal). Resultados. La edad fue el principal factor de riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares. La presión arterial sistólica, la diabetes mellitus, el tabaquismo y el tratamiento antihipertensivo fueron factores predictivos fuertemente asociados con el riesgo cardiovascular. En cambio, la contribución del colesterol total sérico fue pequeña, especialmente en los mayores de 70 años. El modelo final de riesgo mostró un buen poder discriminatorio (estadístico C = 0,789 en varones y C = 0,816 en mujeres). Conclusiones. ERICE es una nueva ecuación de riesgo cardiovascular genuinamente española obtenida a partir del riesgo concurrente individual de los participantes en varias cohortes. La ecuación ERICE ofrece una estimación directa y fiable del riesgo cardiovascular total teniendo en cuenta factores como la diabetes mellitus y el tratamiento farmacológico de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, habitualmente no incluidos en otras ecuaciones.

Published
2014

47. Methods and demographic findings of the baseline survey of the NEDICES cohort: a door-to-door survey of neurological disorders in three communities from Central Spain

Author

Morales González, José Manuel, Bermejo Pareja, Félix, Benito-León, Julián, Rivera Navarro, Jesús, Trincado Soriano, Rocío, Gabriel, Rafael, and Vega Quiroga, Saturio

Subjects
Stroke, Health surveys, Epidemiological methods, Neurodegenerative diseases, Isquemia cerebral, Degeneración del sistema nervioso, Diagnóstico en geriatría, Older people, Ancianos, Geriatric assessment
Abstract

El estudio NEDICES de cohorte poblacional de ancianos analiza los desórdenes neurológicos en tres comunidades del Centro de España. To describe the methods and general results of the baseline longitudinal survey in a defined cohort of elderly people from three areas of Central Spain (urban and rural). The survey was designed to study dementia, essential tremor, Parkinson s disease and stroke.

Published
2004

49. Ten-year fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction incidence in elderly populations in Spain: the EPICARDIAN cohort study

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Alonso, Margarita, Reviriego, Blanca, Muñiz, Javier, Vega, Saturio, López, Isidro, Novella, Blanca, Suárez Fernández, M. Carmen, Rodríguez-Salvanés, Francisco, Gabriel, Rafael, Alonso, Margarita, Reviriego, Blanca, Muñiz, Javier, Vega, Saturio, López, Isidro, Novella, Blanca, Suárez Fernández, M. Carmen, and Rodríguez-Salvanés, Francisco

Abstract

[Abstract] Background. In Spain, more than 85% of coronary heart disease deaths occur in adults older than 65 years. However, coronary heart disease incidence and mortality in the Spanish elderly have been poorly described. The aim of this study is to estimate the ten-year incidence and mortality rates of myocardial infarction in a population-based large cohort of Spanish elders. Methods. A population-based cohort of 3729 people older than 64 years old, free of previous myocardial infarction, was established in 1995 in three geographical areas of Spain. Any case of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction was investigated until December 2004 using the "cold pursuit method", previously used and validated by the the WHO-MONICA project. Results. Men showed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher cumulative incidence of myocardial infarction (7.2%; 95%CI: 5.94-8.54) than women (3.8%; 95%CI: 3.06-4.74). Although cumulative incidence increased with age (p < 0.05), gender-differences tended to narrow. Adjusted incidence rates were higher in men (957 per 100 000 person-years) than in women (546 per 100 000 person-years) (p < 0.001) and increased with age (p < 0.001). The increase was progressive in women but not in men. Adjusted mortality rates were also higher in men than in women (p < 0.001), being three times higher in the age group of ≥ 85 years old than in the age group of 65-74 years old (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Incidence of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction is high in the Spanish elderly population. Men show higher rates than women, but gender differences diminish with age.

Published
2009

50. Prevalence, geographic distribution, and geographic variability of major cardiovascular risk factors in Spain: pooled analysis of data from population-based epidemiological studies: the ERICE study

Author

Gabriel, Rafael, Alonso, Margarita, Segura Fragoso, Antonio, Tormo, María José, Artigao, Luis M., Banegas Banegas, José Ramón, Brotons, Carlos, Elosua, Roberto, Fernández-Cruz, Antonio, Muñiz, Javier, Reviriego, Blanca, Rigo, Fernando, Gabriel, Rafael, Alonso, Margarita, Segura Fragoso, Antonio, Tormo, María José, Artigao, Luis M., Banegas Banegas, José Ramón, Brotons, Carlos, Elosua, Roberto, Fernández-Cruz, Antonio, Muñiz, Javier, Reviriego, Blanca, and Rigo, Fernando

Abstract

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. To determine the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population. To investigate whether geographic variability exists. Methods. Data were pooled from eight cross-sectional epidemiologic studies carried out in Spain between 1992 and 2001 whose methodological quality satisfied predefined criteria. Individual data were reassessed and analyzed by age group (20-44 years, 45-64 years, and [.greaterequal] 65 years), sex, and geographic area. The study population included 19 729 individuals. Mean values and unadjusted and adjusted prevalence rates were derived for various risk factors. Results. The most common cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population were, in descending order: hypercholesterolemia (ie, total cholesterol >200 mg/dL) in46.7%, hypertension in 37.6%, smoking in 32.2%, obesity in 22.8%, and diabetes mellitus in 6.2%. The mean values for blood pressure, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycemia varied considerably with age, sex, and geographic area. The highest levels of cardiovascular risk factors were observed in Mediterranean and south-eastern areas of the country and the lowest, in northern, and central areas. Conclusions. The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in Spain was high. Their distribution varied considerably with geographic area., [Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia y la distribución geográfica de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población española. Investigar la existencia de diferencias geográficas. Métodos. Agregación de ocho estudios epidemiológicos transversales, realizados en España entre 1992 y 2001, que superaron criterios de calidad metodológica. Reanálisis conjunto de los datos individuales por grupos de edad (20-44, 45-64 y [.greaterequal] 65 años), sexo y grandes áreas geográficas. Población de estudio: 19.729 sujetos. Estimación de valores medios y prevalencias crudas y ajustadas. Resultados. Por orden decreciente, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuentes en la población española fueron la hipercolesterolemia (colesterol total > 200 mg/dl, 46,7%), hipertensión arterial (37,6%), tabaquismo (32,2%), obesidad (22,8%) y diabetes mellitus (6,2%). Los valores medios de presión arterial, índice de masa corporal, colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad y glucemia varían ampliamente con la edad, el sexo y las áreas geográficas. La mayor carga de factores de riesgo cardiovascular se observa en las zonas sureste y mediterránea y la menor, en las áreas norte y centro. Conclusiones. En España la prevalencia de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular es elevada. Hay marcadas diferencias geográficas en su distribución.

Published
2009

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