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3. Infant sleep and development: Concurrent and longitudinal relations during the first 8 months of life

Author

Addessi E, Focaroli, Chiarotti F, Bellagamba F, Laura Barca, Anna M. Borghi, Bombaci I, Gastaldi S, Caravale B, Pecora G, Paoletti M, and Gasparini C

Subjects
Text mining, business.industry, Infant sleep, Psychology, business, Developmental psychology
Abstract

Sleep is an essential function of human life, underlying both biological and cultural processes. Dramatic changes in sleep occur during infancy, in terms of night awakenings, which tend to diminish over time, and day/night sleep duration, with newborns sleeping up to 16-17 hours per day and gradually decreasing to 9-13 hours between 6-11 months of age. Remarkably, research indicates that changes in infant sleep are in interaction with important acquisitions in other domains of child development. In the present study, we aimed at investigating concurrent and longitudinal relations between sleep and cognitive maturation during infancy, by collecting data on 156 infants at 4 months of age and on a subsample of 103 infants at 8 months of age. Infants’ sleep was assessed through the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ; Sadeh, 2004), whereas cognitive maturation was evaluated using the Developmental ProfileTM 3 (Alpern 2007). We also examined infants’ language understanding through the Italian version of the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory (MCDI): Words and Gestures (Caselli & Casadio, 1995; Fenson et al., 1994). Finally, information about infants’ temperament and maternal practices potentially relevant for sleep quality, such as the use of a pacifier at nighttime, co-sleeping and exclusive breastfeeding, was detected. Results showed that night and day sleep were differently related to infants’ development at 4 and 8 months of age, but there were no robust longitudinal relationships.

Published
2021
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8. Possible glimpses into early speciation : the effect of ovarian fluid on sperm velocity accords with post-copulatory isolation between two guppy populations

Author

Devigili, Alessandro, Fitzpatrick, John L., Gasparini, C., Ramnarine, I. W., Pilastro, A., Evans, J. P., Devigili, Alessandro, Fitzpatrick, John L., Gasparini, C., Ramnarine, I. W., Pilastro, A., and Evans, J. P.

Abstract

Identifying mechanisms of reproductive isolation is key to understanding speciation. Among the putative mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation, sperm-female interactions (post-mating-prezygotic barriers) are arguably the hardest to identify, not least because these are likely to operate at the cellular or molecular level. Yet sperm-female interactions offer great potential to prevent the transfer of genetic information between different populations at the initial stages of speciation. Here, we provide a preliminary test for the presence of a putative post-mating-prezygotic barrier operating between three populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata), an internally fertilizing fish that inhabits streams with different levels of connectivity across Trinidad. We experimentally evaluate the effect of female ovarian fluid on sperm velocity (a predictor of competitive fertilization success) according to whether males and females were from the same (native) or different (foreign) populations. Our results reveal the potential for ovarian fluid to act as a post-mating-prezygotic barrier between two populations from different drainages, but also that the strength of this barrier is different among populations. This result may explain the previous finding that, in some populations, sperm from native males have precedence over foreign sperm, which could eventually lead to reproductive isolation between these populations.

Published
2018
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9. Role of lifestyles in breast cancer risk: a retrospective analysis of Trieste's female population

Author

GIUDICI, FABIOLA, BOTTIN, CRISTINA, BIANCO, Alberto, DI BONITO, LUIGI, ZANCONATI, FABRIZIO, COVA, MARIA ASSUNTA, BORTUL, MARINA, ARNEZ, ZORAN MARIJ, MUSTACCHI, GIORGIO, TORELLI, LUCIO, De Martino S., Martellani F., Ober E., Romano A., Zacchi A., Tonutti m., Gasparini C., Assante M., Frezza F., Bortolotto M. P., Cressa C., Perrone R., Makuc E., Petz G., de Morpurgo P. L., Pellis G., Lizza N., Scomersi S., Dell'Antonio A., Convertino C., Borea B., Renzi N., Dellach C., Franzo A., Zanier L., Giudici, Fabiola, De Martino, S., Bottin, Cristina, Bianco, Alberto, DI BONITO, Luigi, Martellani, F., Ober, E., Romano, A., Zacchi, A., Zanconati, Fabrizio, Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA, Tonutti, M., Gasparini, C., Assante, M., Frezza, F., Bortolotto, M. P., Cressa, C., Perrone, R., Makuc, E., Petz, G., de Morpurgo, P. L., Pellis, G., Lizza, N., Bortul, Marina, Scomersi, S., Dell'Antonio, A., Convertino, C., Borea, B., Renzi, N., Arnez, ZORAN MARIJ, Dellach, C., Mustacchi, Giorgio, Franzo, A., Zanier, L., and Torelli, Lucio

Subjects
bmi, breast cancer, risk factor, breast screening program, smoking risk
Abstract

Friuli Venezia Giulia holds the higest row incidence rate for breast carcinoma in Italy (218%00) and Trieste, where live 125.000 women (105.000 women of age below 75) has the highest incidence rate among the other provinces of the region (220%00). The risk of developing breast carcinoma seems to be correlated with many different factors. The goal of this study is to focus on same specific breast carcinoma risk factors in the Trieste population.

Published
2012

10. Cyto-radiological disageement: management

Author

Zanconati, Fabrizio, Giudici, Fabiola, Bianco, Alberto, Bonifacio, Daniela, Bottin, Cristina, Dudine, S., Martellani, F., Ober, E., Romano, A., Zacchi, A., Pinamonti, Maurizio, Zandonà, L., AL OMOUSH, Tahseen, Tonutti, M., Bortul, Marina, Assante, A., Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA, Gasparini, C., Frezza, F., Bortolotto, M. P., Cressa, C., Perrone, R., Makuc, E., Petz, G., de Morpurgo, P. L., Torelli, Lucio, DI BONITO, Luigi, Zanconati, Fabrizio, Giudici, Fabiola, Bianco, Alberto, Bonifacio, Daniela, Bottin, Cristina, Dudine, S., Martellani, F., Ober, E., Romano, A., Zacchi, A., Pinamonti, Maurizio, Zandonà, L., AL OMOUSH, Tahseen, Tonutti, M., Bortul, Marina, Assante, A., Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA, Gasparini, C., Frezza, F., Bortolotto, M. P., Cressa, C., Perrone, R., Makuc, E., Petz, G., de Morpurgo, P. L., Torelli, Lucio, and DI BONITO, Luigi

Subjects
cyto-radiological correlation, breast cytology, diagnostic category, quality control, cyto-histological correlation
Abstract

In Trieste, pathologists have been actively involved in breast diagnostics working alongside radiologists in the sampling time in order to set up together the most adequate approach in case-solving basing on the clinical/radiological and rapid stain cytological findings. Based on our own experience we prefer, whenever possible, to use the fine needle aspiration sampling method (FNA), almost always under ultrasound guidance, even for palpable lesions, reserving tru-cut biopsy only for a limited number of cases and vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) only in not ultrasound detectable lesions (id: isolated microcalcifications). The collaboration between radiologist and pathologist is essential to correctly evaluate identified lesions: the more coincident the results of radiological and cytological exams are, the more accurate the final diagnosis will be. Nevertheless there are some cases in which radiology and cytology do not agree. We decided to reassess the entire database, focusing on the management of discrepant cases in the light of the final histological diagnosis for surgical-treated cases or referring to the follow-up exams in the cases that did not undergo surgery.

Published
2012

11. Contributo integrato della FNA e della microbiopsia mammaria nella gestione delle donne con anomalie rilevate in corso di screening mammografico: l'esperienza nel 2006 a Trieste

Author

ZANCONATI, FABRIZIO, BONIFACIO, DANIELA, DI BONITO, LUIGI, DI NAPOLI M, DUDINE S, FREZZA F, GASPARINI C, ISIDORO E, MARTELLANI F, ROMANO A, SARCINELLA D, SCHIAVON I, ULCIGRAI L, TONUTTI M, Zanconati, Fabrizio, Bonifacio, Daniela, DI NAPOLI, M, Dudine, S, Frezza, F, Gasparini, C, Isidoro, E, Martellani, F, Romano, A, Sarcinella, D, Schiavon, I, Ulcigrai, L, Tonutti, M, and DI BONITO, Luigi

Subjects
Fine-needle aspiration, lesioni mammarie, screening mammografico
Published
2007

13. Neoplasie dell'utero

Author

Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA, Gasparini, C., Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA, and Gasparini, C.

Published
2006

15. L’eco-color Doppler penieno: stato dell’arte

Author

BERTOLOTTO, MICHELE, COVA, MARIA ASSUNTA, GASPARINI C, CALDERAN L, LISSIANI A, Bertolotto, Michele, Gasparini, C, Calderan, L, Lissiani, A, and Cova, MARIA ASSUNTA

Published
2005

22. Corpora cavernosa divisa: una patologia sottostimata?

Author

Bucci S., Calderan L., Gasparini C., Scieri F., Salamè L., BERTOLOTTO, MICHELE, LIGUORI, GIOVANNI, TROMBETTA, CARLO, BELGRANO, Emanuele, Bucci, S., Bertolotto, Michele, Liguori, Giovanni, Calderan, L., Gasparini, C., Scieri, F., Salamè, L., Trombetta, Carlo, and Belgrano, Emanuele

Subjects
pene, varianti anatomiche pene, ecografia
Published
2004

26. Atomización de la inspección en el trabajo, caso Venezuela

Author

Pernía H., Nuvia and Gasparini C., Víctor

Subjects
Diferentes órganos con competencia inspectiva, Atomization of efforts, Revistas, Universidad de Los Andes, Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, Inspección en el trabajo, Centro de Investigaciones y Desarrollo Empresarial (CIDE), Artículos [Revista Visión Gerencial], Different bodies with inspection competency, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, Work inspection, Atomización de los esfuerzos, Revista Visión Gerencial
Abstract

La inspección del trabajo en Venezuela se lleva a cabo a través de diferentes órganos de la Administración del Trabajo, que en términos generales velan porque las diferentes entidades de trabajo cumplan con el marco normativo vigente. Para la presente investigación, se estudiarán la Unidad de Supervisión, el Instituto Nacional de Prevención, Salud y Seguridad Laborales (INPSASEL) y el Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales (IVSS), todos adscritos al Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Proceso Social del Trabajo, por lo que se describirá detalladamente las diferentes funciones y competencias legales establecidas para estos órganos, mencionando los cargos que ocupan quienes ejercen esta función en cada ente administrativo, la competencia del órgano, el nombre del acta que deben levantar, entre otros detalles que forman parte de la actividad. Finalmente, se hace mención a la atomización del sistema de inspección en el trabajo, y de cómo ésta fragmenta los esfuerzos del Estado venezolano al dejar que la actividad sea llevada a cabo por diferentes instituciones, en consecuencia, se hacen algunas sugerencias a favor de la eficacia del sistema. Work inspection in Venezuela is carried out through different bodies of the labour administration, which in general terms are responsible for the compliance of the different working entities with the existing regulatory framework. Throughout this research the following bodies attached to the Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Proceso Social del Trabajo (Ministry of People’s Power for Labor and Social Security) will be studied: Unidad de Supervisión, the National Institute for Prevention, Health, and Security at Work (INPSASEL), and the Social Insurance Institute (IVSS). The different functions and legal competencies established for these bodies will be described in detail by naming the positions occupied by those responsible for work inspection on each administrative entity, the responsibility of each body, the name of the official document to be taken, among other details. Finally, there is a reference to the atomization of the labour inspection system, and how it causes a fragmentation within the efforts of the Venezuelan State by allowing this activity to be carried out by different institutions. As a result, some suggestions are mentioned in favour of the effectiveness of the system. 119-136

Published
2014

27. Role of colour Doppler US in evaluating the operated penis and the penile complications following other iatrogenic maneuvers

Author

BERTOLOTTO, MICHELE, POZZI MUCELLI, ROBERTO, Serafini G., Gattuccio I., Gasparini C., Latini I., Dibilio D., Bertolotto, Michele, Serafini, G., Gattuccio, I., Gasparini, C., Latini, I., Dibilio, D., and POZZI MUCELLI, Roberto

Subjects
surgical complication, penis, ultrasound, postoperative anatomy, ultrasound penis, surgical complications, ultrasound peni, peni
Published
2003

39. RelB/p50 regulates CCL19 production, but fails to promote human DC maturation

Author

Gasparini, C, Foxwell, B, and Feldmann, M

Abstract

DC, when fully matured are the APC best able to activate naïve T cells. Recently, we demonstrated using adenoviruses overexpressing IkappaBalpha and proteosome inhibitors that NF-kappaB is involved in DC activation, but the role of the individual subunits is still not clear. We investigated the role of the NF-kappaB subunits RelB and p50 in human DC activation using adenoviral vectors expressing RelB or p50. Nuclear RelB, in the form of RelB/p50, was active only in DC infected with both viruses, this induced the production of the soluble homeostatic chemokine CCL19, but not other homeostatic chemokines, particularly in LPS-matured DC. However, RelB/p50 did not affect the expression of costimulatory and antigen-presenting molecules, and increased the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction only in LPS-matured DC. This enhanced mixed lymphocyte reaction is most likely due to enhanced CCL19 production, which sustains the interaction between mature DC and naïve T cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that RelB/p50 was active only in DC expressing both RelB and p50, and induced CCL19 production, but not DC maturation.

Published
2009

41. Experimental reduction in dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids depresses sperm competitiveness

Author

Rahman,MM, Gasparini,C, Turchini,GM, Evans,JP, Rahman,MM, Gasparini,C, Turchini,GM, and Evans,JP

Abstract

The health benefits of diets containing rich sources of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) are well documented and include reductions in the risk of several diseases typical of Western societies. The dietary intake of n-3 LC-PUFA has also been linked to fertility, and there is abundant evidence that a range of ejaculate traits linked to fertility in humans, livestock and other animals depend on an adequate intake of n-3 LC-PUFA from dietary sources. However, relatively few studies have explored how n-3 LC-PUFA influence reproductive fitness, particularly in the context of sexual selection. Here, we show that experimental reduction in the level of n-3 LC-PUFA in the diet of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) depresses a male’s share of paternity when sperm compete for fertilization, confirming that the currently observed trend for reduced n-3 LC-PUFA in western diets has important implications for individual reproductive fitness.

Published
2014

42. The expression of pre- and postcopulatory sexually selected traits reflects levels of dietary stress in guppies

Author

Rahman,MM, Turchini,GM, Gasparini,C, Norambuena,F, Evans,JP, Rahman,MM, Turchini,GM, Gasparini,C, Norambuena,F, and Evans,JP

Abstract

Environmental and ecological conditions can shape the evolution of life history traits in many animals. Among such factors, food or nutrition availability can play an important evolutionary role in moderating an animal's life history traits, particularly sexually selected traits. Here, we test whether diet quantity and/or composition in the form of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (here termed 'n3LC') influence the expression of pre- and postcopulatory traits in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a livebearing poeciliid fish. We assigned males haphazardly to one of two experimental diets supplemented with n3LC, and each of these diet treatments was further divided into two diet 'quantity' treatments. Our experimental design therefore explored the main and interacting effects of two factors (n3LC content and diet quantity) on the expression of precopulatory (sexual behaviour and sexual ornamentation, including the size, number and spectral properties of colour spots) and postcopulatory (the velocity, viability, number and length of sperm) sexually selected traits. Our study revealed that diet quantity had significant effects on most of the pre- and postcopulatory traits, while n3LC manipulation had a significant effect on sperm traits and in particular on sperm viability. Our analyses also revealed interacting effects of diet quantity and n3LC levels on courtship displays, and the area of orange and iridescent colour spots in the males' colour patterns. We also confirmed that our dietary manipulations of n3LC resulted in the differential uptake of n3LC in body and testes tissues in the different n3LC groups. This study reveals the effects of diet quantity and n3LC on behavioural, ornamental and ejaculate traits in P. reticulata and underscores the likely role that diet plays in maintaining the high variability in these condition-dependent sexual traits.

Published
2014

43. The Effects of Perceived Mating Opportunities on Patterns of Reproductive Investment by Male Guppies

Author

Singh, SR, Barrett, LT, Evans, JP, Gasparini, C, Singh, SR, Barrett, LT, Evans, JP, and Gasparini, C

Abstract

Males pay considerable reproductive costs in acquiring mates (precopulatory sexual selection) and in producing ejaculates that are effective at fertilising eggs in the presence of competing ejaculates (postcopulatory sexual selection). Given these costs, males must balance their reproductive investment in a given mating to optimise their future reproductive potential. Males are therefore expected to invest in reproduction prudently according to the likelihood of obtaining future matings. In this study we tested this prediction by determining whether male reproductive investment varies with expected future mating opportunities, which were experimentally manipulated by visually exposing male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to high or low numbers of females in the absence of competing males. Our experiment did not reveal consistent effects of perceived future mating opportunity on either precopulatory (male mate choice and mating behaviour) or postcopulatory (sperm quality and quantity) investment. However, we did find that male size and female availability interacted to influence mating behaviour; large males visually deprived of females during the treatment phase became more choosy and showed greater interest in their preferred female than those given continuous visual access to females. Overall, our results suggest males tailor pre- rather than postcopulatory traits according to local female availability, but critically, these effects depend on male size.

Published
2014

44. The Expression of Pre- and Postcopulatory Sexually Selected Traits Reflects Levels of Dietary Stress in Guppies

Author

McGraw, K, Rahman, MM, Turchini, GM, Gasparini, C, Norambuena, F, Evans, JP, McGraw, K, Rahman, MM, Turchini, GM, Gasparini, C, Norambuena, F, and Evans, JP

Abstract

Environmental and ecological conditions can shape the evolution of life history traits in many animals. Among such factors, food or nutrition availability can play an important evolutionary role in moderating an animal's life history traits, particularly sexually selected traits. Here, we test whether diet quantity and/or composition in the form of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (here termed 'n3LC') influence the expression of pre- and postcopulatory traits in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a livebearing poeciliid fish. We assigned males haphazardly to one of two experimental diets supplemented with n3LC, and each of these diet treatments was further divided into two diet 'quantity' treatments. Our experimental design therefore explored the main and interacting effects of two factors (n3LC content and diet quantity) on the expression of precopulatory (sexual behaviour and sexual ornamentation, including the size, number and spectral properties of colour spots) and postcopulatory (the velocity, viability, number and length of sperm) sexually selected traits. Our study revealed that diet quantity had significant effects on most of the pre- and postcopulatory traits, while n3LC manipulation had a significant effect on sperm traits and in particular on sperm viability. Our analyses also revealed interacting effects of diet quantity and n3LC levels on courtship displays, and the area of orange and iridescent colour spots in the males' colour patterns. We also confirmed that our dietary manipulations of n3LC resulted in the differential uptake of n3LC in body and testes tissues in the different n3LC groups. This study reveals the effects of diet quantity and n3LC on behavioural, ornamental and ejaculate traits in P. reticulata and underscores the likely role that diet plays in maintaining the high variability in these condition-dependent sexual traits.

Published
2014

45. Resistive index in patients with renal colic: differences after medical treatment with indomethacin and ketorolac

Author

Bertolotto, M, Quaia, E, Gasparini, C, Calderan, L, and POZZI MUCELLI, Roberto

Subjects
colour Doppler US, renal colic, Colic, Acute Disease, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Indomethacin, Humans, Kidney Diseases, Vascular Resistance, Ketorolac, ketorolac, Ureteral Obstruction
Abstract

To investigate whether colour Doppler US can demonstrate haemodynamic differences in patients with renal colic after pharmacological treatment with indomethacin and ketorolac.We studied 180 consecutive patients with unilateral acute renal colic with colour Doppler US; 90 were treated with indomethacin, 90 with ketorolac. Furthermore, 37 consecutive patients without obstruction (17 treated with indomethacin and 20 with ketorolac) were also examined and considered normal controls.In the patients with renal colic the average resistive index (RI) was significantly greater on the side of the colic after administration of either indomethacin or ketorolac (p0.001). The average RI in the obstructed kidneys was significantly higher in the patients treated with ketorolac than with indomethacin (p0.005). No statistically significant differences were shown between the average RIs of the non obstructed kidneys of the patients with renal colic and between the kidneys of the control patients treated with either indomethacin or ketorolac.Doppler evaluation of patients with renal colic requires careful interpretation after the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), since values of renal RI depend on the drug that has been used to relieve symptoms.

Published
2003

49. Is NF- B a useful therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis?

Author

Feldmann, M, primary, Andreakos, E, additional, Smith, C, additional, Bondeson, J, additional, Yoshimura, S, additional, Kiriakidis, S, additional, Monaco, C, additional, Gasparini, C, additional, Sacre, S, additional, Lundberg, A, additional, Paleolog, E, additional, Horwood, N J, additional, Brennan, F M, additional, and Foxwell, B M J, additional

Published
2002
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50. Is NF-kappaB a useful therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis?

Author

Feldmann, M., Andreakos, E., Smith, C., Bondeson, J., Yoshimura, S., Kiriakidis, S., Monaco, C., Gasparini, C., Sacre, S., Lundberg, A., Paleolog, E., Horwood, N. J., Brennan, F. M., and Foxwell, B. M. J.

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that NF-kappaB is a major, if not the major transcription factor regulating inflammation and immunity. While this implies that blocking NF-kappaB might be therapeutically beneficial, it raises clear questions regarding the balance between efficacy and safety. In this brief review we discuss the effects of NF-kappaB blockade in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation and immunity, and consider possible therapeutic targets within the NF-kappaB family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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