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3. A case of phantom pain and stump pain that was effectively controlled by ultrasound‐guided ulnar and median peripheral nerve blocks.

Author

Sekiguchi, Shunya, Ishida, Yusuke, Fujita, Yosuke, Tomino, Mikiko, and Ohseto, Kiyoshige

Subjects
MEDIAN nerve, NERVE block, PERIPHERAL nervous system, PHANTOM limbs, ULNAR nerve, PAIN management
Abstract

Phantom limb pain and stump pain are often intractable, and their incidences are relatively high. We report a case of a patient with phantom limb and stump pain of the finger, who was successfully treated by peripheral nerve blocks. The patient was a male truck driver in his fifties, who had his left annular finger amputated in an accident 2 years previously. Owing to poor pain control at the stump of his finger, he was referred to our department. The initial examination revealed pain about numerical rating scale (NRS) 6/10 in the left annular finger transection as well as allodynia. Although some pain relief had been observed with postoperative medication, he still had persistent resting pain of about NRS 4/10. Therefore, blocks of the ulnar nerve and median nerve were performed. After the blocks were performed, the pain improved to NRS 1 to 2/10, and pain upon movement also almost disappeared. Peripheral nerve blocks can be a useful treatment modality for phantom limb pain and stump pain in the fingers, as in this case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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4. Hydrogen-bond-assisted asymmetric radical cyclopolymerization of N-allyl-N-tert-butylacrylamide in the presence of chiral tartrates

Author

Hirano, Tomohiro, Fujita, Yosuke, Shinomiya, Miki, Arakawa, Yukihiro, Yagishita, Fumitoshi, Emoto, Akira, Oshimura, Miyuki, Ute, Koichi, Hirano, Tomohiro, Fujita, Yosuke, Shinomiya, Miki, Arakawa, Yukihiro, Yagishita, Fumitoshi, Emoto, Akira, Oshimura, Miyuki, and Ute, Koichi

Abstract

Low-temperature radical polymerization of achiral N-allyl-N-tert-butylacrylamide (AltBAAm) was conducted in toluene in the presence of chiral tartrates, such as diethyl L-tartrate (L-EtTar) and di-n-butyl L-tartrate. The 1H NMR spectra of the polymers obtained indicated progress of cyclopolymerization at low temperatures such as –80 °C. Optical properties of the poly(AltBAAm)s examined by optical rotation and circular dichroism measurements indicated asymmetric induction in the cyclopolymerization of achiral AltBAAm. For example, addition of L-EtTar at –80 °C provided the polymer with specific rotation of –4.8°. The tert-butyl groups of poly(AltBAAm)s were removed by treatment with CF3SO3H, transforming into poly(N-allylacrylamide)s [poly(AlAAm)s]. Then, stereochemistry in the stereorepeating unit was investigated by comparing 1H NMR signals of the poly(AlAAm)s with those of model compounds, cis- and trans-3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-pyrrolidones. Taking the negative specific rotation values of the poly(AltBAAm)s obtained with L-tartrates into account, it was revealed that (3S,4S)-trans-unit was predominantly formed through the hydrogen-bond-assisted complex formation of AltBAAm with L-tartrates.

Published
2021

10. Alterations in the hippocampal glycinergic system in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

Yamamoto, Shigeto, Morinobu, Shigeru, Iwamoto, Yasuyuki, Ueda, Yuto, Takei, Shiro, Fujita, Yosuke, Yamawaki, Shigeto, Yamamoto, Shigeto, Morinobu, Shigeru, Iwamoto, Yasuyuki, Ueda, Yuto, Takei, Shiro, Fujita, Yosuke, and Yamawaki, Shigeto

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that rats subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS) exhibit posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms such as enhanced contextual fear in response to trauma related and trauma-unrelated events Furthermore we previously reported that upregulation of hippocampal glycine transporter 1 (GlyT-1) mRNA after context exposure could be the initial mechanism underlying impaired fear extinction in SPS rats To clarify the involvement of the hippocampal glycinergic system in impaired fear extinction in SPS rats we measured the time course of changes in the duration of freezing, and the hippocampal levels of Gly-T1 mRNA using contextual fear conditioning (FC) and extinction training We also used in vivo microdialysis to measure the concentration of extracellular glycine in the hippocampus during the time interval between FC and the first context exposure SPS rats exhibited increased and sustained contextual fear responses The enhanced contextual fear response in SPS rats was associated with a sustained increase in hippocampal levels of Gly-T1 mRNA after FC relative to sham rats and by a decrease in the extracellular glycine concentration GlyT-1 mRNA levels in rats that underwent repeated extinction training were significantly lower than in rats that did not undergo extinction training These findings indicate that reduced activity of the hippocampal glycinergic system could be closely involved in impaired fear extinction in SPS rats suggesting that activation of the glycinergic system by D-cycloserine or GlyT-1 inhibitors may ameliorate the impairment of fear extinction.

Published
2010

13. Chemical Reaction in Preparation of Sr(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 Dielectric Thin Film by RF Magnetron Sputtering

Author

Fujita Yosuke, Atsushi Abe, Tomizo Matsuoka, and Jun Kuwata

Subjects
Materials science, Analytical chemistry, General Chemistry, Substrate (electronics), Sputter deposition, Condensed Matter Physics, Chemical reaction, Sputtering, visual_art, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Atomic ratio, Ceramic, Thin film, Perovskite (structure)
Abstract

The chemical reaction to form dielectric thin films of Sr(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 by an RF magnetron sputtering method using a ceramic target has been investigated. The amount of extracted Sr by water, Zr/Sr atomic ratio and the lattice constant in addition to other electric and optical characteristics of the film were measured to examine the progress of the reaction. As the results, the chemical reaction to form the perovskite type dielectric thin films with the composition described above was found to be well promoted in the sputtering conditions; substrate temperatures above 450°C, sputtering gas pressure at ≈6×10-3 Torr, sputtering gas mixing ratio O2/Ar of ≈3/1, target-substrate distance of 50-60mm, and sputtering power density at ≈4W/cm2, obtaining the good electric and optical characteristics.

Published
1988

14. Alterations in the hippocampal glycinergic system in an animal model of posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

Yamamoto, Shigeto, Morinobu, Shigeru, Iwamoto, Yasuyuki, Ueda, Yuto, Takei, Shiro, Fujita, Yosuke, Yamawaki, Shigeto, Yamamoto, Shigeto, Morinobu, Shigeru, Iwamoto, Yasuyuki, Ueda, Yuto, Takei, Shiro, Fujita, Yosuke, and Yamawaki, Shigeto

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that rats subjected to single prolonged stress (SPS) exhibit posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms such as enhanced contextual fear in response to trauma related and trauma-unrelated events Furthermore we previously reported that upregulation of hippocampal glycine transporter 1 (GlyT-1) mRNA after context exposure could be the initial mechanism underlying impaired fear extinction in SPS rats To clarify the involvement of the hippocampal glycinergic system in impaired fear extinction in SPS rats we measured the time course of changes in the duration of freezing, and the hippocampal levels of Gly-T1 mRNA using contextual fear conditioning (FC) and extinction training We also used in vivo microdialysis to measure the concentration of extracellular glycine in the hippocampus during the time interval between FC and the first context exposure SPS rats exhibited increased and sustained contextual fear responses The enhanced contextual fear response in SPS rats was associated with a sustained increase in hippocampal levels of Gly-T1 mRNA after FC relative to sham rats and by a decrease in the extracellular glycine concentration GlyT-1 mRNA levels in rats that underwent repeated extinction training were significantly lower than in rats that did not undergo extinction training These findings indicate that reduced activity of the hippocampal glycinergic system could be closely involved in impaired fear extinction in SPS rats suggesting that activation of the glycinergic system by D-cycloserine or GlyT-1 inhibitors may ameliorate the impairment of fear extinction.

17. Functional cooperation of metabotropic adenosine and glutamate receptors regulates postsynaptic plasticity in the cerebellum.

Author

Kamikubo Y, Shimomura T, Fujita Y, Tabata T, Kashiyama T, Sakurai T, Fukurotani K, and Kano M

Subjects
Animals, Bicuculline analogs & derivatives, Bicuculline pharmacology, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Embryo, Mammalian, Energy Transfer, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists pharmacology, Green Fluorescent Proteins genetics, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neuronal Plasticity drug effects, Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology, Quinoxalines pharmacology, Rats, Receptor, Adenosine A1 genetics, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate genetics, Sodium Channel Blockers pharmacology, Tetrodotoxin pharmacology, Cerebellum cytology, Neuronal Plasticity physiology, Neurons cytology, Receptor, Adenosine A1 metabolism, Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate metabolism
Abstract

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) may form heteromeric complexes and cooperatively mediate cellular responses. Although heteromeric GPCR complexes are suggested to occur in many neurons, their contribution to neuronal function remains unclear. We address this question using two GPCRs expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells: adenosine A1 receptor (A1R), which regulates neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability in central neurons, and type-1 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR1), which mediates cerebellar long-term depression, a form of synaptic plasticity crucial for cerebellar motor learning. We examined interaction between these GPCRs by immunocytochemical, biochemical, and Förster resonance energy transfer analyses in cultured mouse Purkinje cells and heterologous expression cells. These analyses revealed that the GPCRs closely colocalized and formed heteromeric complexes on the cell surfaces. Furthermore, our electrophysiological analysis showed that CSF levels (40-400 nm) of adenosine or synthetic A1R agonists with comparable potencies blocked mGluR1-mediated long-term depression of the postsynaptic glutamate-responsiveness (glu-LTD) of cultured Purkinje cells. A similar dose of the A1R agonist decreased the ligand affinity of mGluR1 and did not affect depolarization-induced Ca(2+) influx, which is an essential factor in inducing glu-LTD. The A1R agonist did not affect glu-LTD mimicked by direct activation of protein kinase C. These results suggest that A1R blocked glu-LTD by decreasing the ligand sensitivity of mGluR1, but not the coupling efficacy from mGluR1 to the intracellular signaling cascades. These findings provide a new insight into neuronal GPCR signaling and demonstrate a novel regulatory mechanism of synaptic plasticity.

Published
2013
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