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1. Common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume alteration in major depression and bipolar disorder: evidence from voxel-based meta-analysis

Author: Wise, T, Radua, J, Via, E, Cardoner, N, Abe, O, Adams, TM, Amico, F, Cheng, Y, Cole, JH, de Azevedo Marques Périco, C, Dickstein, DP, Farrow, TFD, Frodl, T, Wagner, G, Gotlib, IH, Gruber, O, Ham, BJ, Job, DE, Kempton, MJ, Kim, MJ, Koolschijn, PCMP, Malhi, GS, Mataix-Cols, D, McIntosh, AM, Nugent, AC, O'Brien, JT, Pezzoli, S, Phillips, ML, Sachdev, PS, Salvadore, G, Selvaraj, S, Stanfield, AC, Thomas, AJ, van Tol, MJ, van der Wee, NJA, Veltman, DJ, Young, AH, Fu, CH, Cleare, AJ, and Arnone, D
Subjects: Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Biomedical Imaging, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Mental Health, Serious Mental Illness, Major Depressive Disorder, Depression, Mental health, Adult, Bipolar Disorder, Brain, Case-Control Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Gray Matter, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuroimaging, Prefrontal Cortex, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract: Finding robust brain substrates of mood disorders is an important target for research. The degree to which major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with common and/or distinct patterns of volumetric changes is nevertheless unclear. Furthermore, the extant literature is heterogeneous with respect to the nature of these changes. We report a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies in MDD and BD. We identified studies published up to January 2015 that compared grey matter in MDD (50 data sets including 4101 individuals) and BD (36 data sets including 2407 individuals) using whole-brain VBM. We used statistical maps from the studies included where available and reported peak coordinates otherwise. Group comparisons and conjunction analyses identified regions in which the disorders showed common and distinct patterns of volumetric alteration. Both disorders were associated with lower grey-matter volume relative to healthy individuals in a number of areas. Conjunction analysis showed smaller volumes in both disorders in clusters in the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula. Group comparisons indicated that findings of smaller grey-matter volumes relative to controls in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus, along with cerebellar, temporal and parietal regions were more substantial in major depression. These results suggest that MDD and BD are characterised by both common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume changes. This combination of differences and similarities has the potential to inform the development of diagnostic biomarkers for these conditions.
Published: 2017

2. Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group

Author: Schmaal, L, Hibar, DP, Sämann, PG, Hall, GB, Baune, BT, Jahanshad, N, Cheung, JW, van Erp, TGM, Bos, D, Ikram, MA, Vernooij, MW, Niessen, WJ, Tiemeier, H, Hofman, A, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Janowitz, D, Bülow, R, Selonke, M, Völzke, H, Grotegerd, D, Dannlowski, U, Arolt, V, Opel, N, Heindel, W, Kugel, H, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Wright, MJ, Mills, NT, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Martin, NG, Gillespie, NA, Goya-Maldonado, R, Gruber, O, Krämer, B, Hatton, SN, Lagopoulos, J, Hickie, IB, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Frey, EM, van Velzen, LS, Penninx, BWJH, van Tol, M-J, van der Wee, NJ, Davey, CG, Harrison, BJ, Mwangi, B, Cao, B, Soares, JC, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schoepf, D, Zurowski, B, Konrad, C, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schnell, K, Sacchet, MD, Gotlib, IH, MacQueen, GM, Godlewska, BR, Nickson, T, McIntosh, AM, Papmeyer, M, Whalley, HC, Hall, J, Sussmann, JE, Li, M, Walter, M, Aftanas, L, Brack, I, Bokhan, NA, Thompson, PM, and Veltman, DJ
Subjects: Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Major Depressive Disorder, Serious Mental Illness, Neurosciences, Biomedical Imaging, Depression, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Mental health, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Frontal Lobe, Gray Matter, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuroimaging, Prefrontal Cortex, Temporal Lobe, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract: The neuro-anatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not well understood, despite many neuroimaging studies over the past few decades. Here we present the largest ever worldwide study by the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Major Depressive Disorder Working Group on cortical structural alterations in MDD. Structural T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 2148 MDD patients and 7957 healthy controls were analysed with harmonized protocols at 20 sites around the world. To detect consistent effects of MDD and its modulators on cortical thickness and surface area estimates derived from MRI, statistical effects from sites were meta-analysed separately for adults and adolescents. Adults with MDD had thinner cortical gray matter than controls in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior and posterior cingulate, insula and temporal lobes (Cohen's d effect sizes: -0.10 to -0.14). These effects were most pronounced in first episode and adult-onset patients (>21 years). Compared to matched controls, adolescents with MDD had lower total surface area (but no differences in cortical thickness) and regional reductions in frontal regions (medial OFC and superior frontal gyrus) and primary and higher-order visual, somatosensory and motor areas (d: -0.26 to -0.57). The strongest effects were found in recurrent adolescent patients. This highly powered global effort to identify consistent brain abnormalities showed widespread cortical alterations in MDD patients as compared to controls and suggests that MDD may impact brain structure in a highly dynamic way, with different patterns of alterations at different stages of life.
Published: 2017

3. What do the teachers want? A targeted needs assessment survey for prospective didactic training of psychiatry medical educators

Author: Baessler, F, Zafar, A, Koelkebeck, K, Frodl, T, Signerski-Krieger, J, Pinilla, S, Barth, GM, Jannowitz, D, Speerforck, S, Roesch-Ely, D, Kluge, I, Aust, M, Utz, J, Kersten, GM, Spitzer, P, Baessler, F, Zafar, A, Koelkebeck, K, Frodl, T, Signerski-Krieger, J, Pinilla, S, Barth, GM, Jannowitz, D, Speerforck, S, Roesch-Ely, D, Kluge, I, Aust, M, Utz, J, Kersten, GM, and Spitzer, P
Abstract: Objectives: Physicians and psychologists at psychiatric university hospitals are assigned teaching tasks from the first day of work without necessarily having the prerequisite training in teaching methods. This exploratory survey provides a needs-based analysis for the prospective didactic training of physicians and psychologists at psychiatric hospitals in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed at medical schools via email in German-speaking countries in Europe. All physicians involved in teaching medical students at psychiatry faculties were eligible to participate in the survey. Participants were further requested to recruit eligible participants (snowball sampling). Responses were analyzed descriptively, and differences between groups were calculated using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests (p<.05).Results: Overall, 97 respondents (male=55, female=42; mean age= 40.6) from 19 medical schools completed the survey. The respondents consisted of 43 residents, 39 specialists, 6 chief physicians and 9 psychologists. Of the respondents, 97.6% rated didactic competence as either highly relevant or rather relevant for teaching medical students. The highest overall interest was shown for bedside teaching (mode=4; IQR: 2-4) and error culture (mode=3; IQR: 2-4). Respondents expressed the highest training needs for topics regarding presentation and communication (mode=3; IQR: 2-3). Resident physicians were significantly more interested in bedside teaching (U=362.0, p=0.004) and roleplay (U=425.0; p=0.036) than specialist physicians, who were more interested in examination didactics (U=415.0; p=0.022). Chief physicians displayed significantly deeper interest in group dynamics (U=51; p=0.023) than specialist physicians. In-person training was preferred by a majority of respondents, and 27.4% preferred online/web-based training.Conclusions: The majority of physicians and psychologists at psychiatric university hospitals considered profe, Zielsetzung: Ärzt*innen und Psycholog*innen an psychiatrischen Universitätskliniken werden vom ersten Arbeitstag an mit Lehraufgaben konfrontiert, ohne jedoch notwendigerweise die hierzu erforderliche didaktische Ausbildung erhalten zu haben. Diese Pilotstudie liefert eine bedarfsorientierte Untersuchung für die zukünftige didaktische Ausbildung an psychiatrischen Kliniken tätigen Ärzt*nnen und Psycholog*nnen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz.Methodik: Eine Onlineumfrage wurde per E-Mail an die Medizinischen Fakultäten in deutschsprachigen, europäischen Ländern verteilt. Alle an der studentischen Lehre beteiligten Ärzt*innen an psychiatrischen Kliniken waren teilnahmeberechtigt. Die Proband*innen wurden außerdem gebeten, qualifizierte Teilnehmer*innen zu rekrutieren (Schneeballverfahren). Die Rückmeldungen wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet, Gruppenunterschiede wurden mit nonparametrischen Mann-Whitney-U-Tests berechnet (p<.05)Ergebnisse: 97 Teilnehmende (männlich=55, weiblich=42; mittleres Alter=40,6 Jahre) von 19 Medizinischen Fakultäten schlossen die Umfrage ab. Diese setzten sich aus 43 Assistenzärzt*innen (AÄ), 39 Fachärzt*innen (FÄ), 6 Chefärzt*innen (CÄ) sowie 9 Psycholog*innen zusammen. 97,6% der Proband*innen empfanden didaktische Kompetenz als relevant, oder sehr relevant für die studentische Lehre. Das größte Interesse bestand an Bedside Teaching (Modus=4; IQA: 2-4) und Fehlerkultur (Modus=3; IQA: 2-4). Der größte Ausbildungsbedarf zeigte sich bei Themen um Präsentation und Kommunikation (Modus=3; IQA: 2-3). Assistenzärzt*innen waren signifikant interessierter an Bedside Teaching (U=362; p=0,004) und Rollenspielen (U=425; p=0,036) als Fachärzt*innen, welche Prüfungsdidaktik als relevanter einstuften (U=415; p=0,022). Chefärzt*innen waren signifikant mehr an Gruppendynamik (U=51; p=0,023) interessiert als Fachärzt*innen. Die Mehrheit der Teilnehmer*innen bevorzugte Präsenzangebote, 27,4% Onlineangebote. Schlussfolgerungen: Der Großteil der Ärzt*innen u
Published: 2024

4. Response to Dr Fried & Dr Kievit, and Dr Malhi et al.

Author: Schmaal, L, Veltman, DJ, van Erp, TGM, Sämann, PG, Frodl, T, Jahanshad, N, Loehrer, E, Vernooij, MW, Niessen, WJ, Ikram, MA, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Block, A, Hegenscheid, K, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Goya-Maldonado, R, Krämer, B, Gruber, O, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Wright, MJ, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Gillespie, NA, Hall, GB, van Velzen, LS, van Tol, M-J, van der Wee, NJ, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schoepf, D, Konrad, C, Zurowski, B, McIntosh, AM, Whalley, HC, Sussmann, JE, Godlewska, BR, Fischer, FH, Penninx, BWJH, Thompson, PM, and Hibar, DP
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Published: 2016

5. Subcortical brain alterations in major depressive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group.

Author: Schmaal, L, Veltman, DJ, van Erp, TGM, Sämann, PG, Frodl, T, Jahanshad, N, Loehrer, E, Tiemeier, H, Hofman, A, Niessen, WJ, Vernooij, MW, Ikram, MA, Wittfeld, K, Grabe, HJ, Block, A, Hegenscheid, K, Völzke, H, Hoehn, D, Czisch, M, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Goya-Maldonado, R, Krämer, B, Gruber, O, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Rentería, ME, Strike, LT, Mills, NT, de Zubicaray, GI, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Martin, NG, Gillespie, NA, Wright, MJ, Hall, GB, MacQueen, GM, Frey, EM, Carballedo, A, van Velzen, LS, van Tol, MJ, van der Wee, NJ, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Schnell, K, Schramm, E, Normann, C, Schoepf, D, Konrad, C, Zurowski, B, Nickson, T, McIntosh, AM, Papmeyer, M, Whalley, HC, Sussmann, JE, Godlewska, BR, Cowen, PJ, Fischer, FH, Rose, M, Penninx, BWJH, Thompson, PM, and Hibar, DP
Subjects: Brain, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Case-Control Studies, Depressive Disorder, Major, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Neuroimaging, major depressive disorder, structural volumes, ENIGMA consortium, meta-analysis, hippocampus, Depressive Disorder, Major, Psychiatry, Medical and Health Sciences, Biological Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract: The pattern of structural brain alterations associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unresolved. This is in part due to small sample sizes of neuroimaging studies resulting in limited statistical power, disease heterogeneity and the complex interactions between clinical characteristics and brain morphology. To address this, we meta-analyzed three-dimensional brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 1728 MDD patients and 7199 controls from 15 research samples worldwide, to identify subcortical brain volumes that robustly discriminate MDD patients from healthy controls. Relative to controls, patients had significantly lower hippocampal volumes (Cohen's d=-0.14, % difference=-1.24). This effect was driven by patients with recurrent MDD (Cohen's d=-0.17, % difference=-1.44), and we detected no differences between first episode patients and controls. Age of onset ⩽21 was associated with a smaller hippocampus (Cohen's d=-0.20, % difference=-1.85) and a trend toward smaller amygdala (Cohen's d=-0.11, % difference=-1.23) and larger lateral ventricles (Cohen's d=0.12, % difference=5.11). Symptom severity at study inclusion was not associated with any regional brain volumes. Sample characteristics such as mean age, proportion of antidepressant users and proportion of remitted patients, and methodological characteristics did not significantly moderate alterations in brain volumes in MDD. Samples with a higher proportion of antipsychotic medication users showed larger caudate volumes in MDD patients compared with controls. This currently largest worldwide effort to identify subcortical brain alterations showed robust smaller hippocampal volumes in MDD patients, moderated by age of onset and first episode versus recurrent episode status.
Published: 2016

6. Functional connectivity signatures of major depressive disorder: machine learning analysis of two multicenter neuroimaging studies

Author: Gallo, S, El-Gazzar, A, Zhutovsky, P, Thomas, RM, Javaheripour, N, Li, M, Bartova, L, Bathula, D, Dannlowski, U, Davey, C, Frodl, T, Gotlib, I, Grimm, S, Grotegerd, D, Hahn, T, Hamilton, PJ, Harrison, BJ, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Meyer, B, Nenadic, I, Olbrich, S, Paul, E, Pezawas, L, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, P, Wagner, G, Walter, H, Walter, M, van Wingen, G, Gallo, S, El-Gazzar, A, Zhutovsky, P, Thomas, RM, Javaheripour, N, Li, M, Bartova, L, Bathula, D, Dannlowski, U, Davey, C, Frodl, T, Gotlib, I, Grimm, S, Grotegerd, D, Hahn, T, Hamilton, PJ, Harrison, BJ, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Meyer, B, Nenadic, I, Olbrich, S, Paul, E, Pezawas, L, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, P, Wagner, G, Walter, H, Walter, M, and van Wingen, G
Abstract: The promise of machine learning has fueled the hope for developing diagnostic tools for psychiatry. Initial studies showed high accuracy for the identification of major depressive disorder (MDD) with resting-state connectivity, but progress has been hampered by the absence of large datasets. Here we used regular machine learning and advanced deep learning algorithms to differentiate patients with MDD from healthy controls and identify neurophysiological signatures of depression in two of the largest resting-state datasets for MDD. We obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the REST-meta-MDD (N = 2338) and PsyMRI (N = 1039) consortia. Classification of functional connectivity matrices was done using support vector machines (SVM) and graph convolutional neural networks (GCN), and performance was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. Features were visualized using GCN-Explainer, an ablation study and univariate t-testing. The results showed a mean classification accuracy of 61% for MDD versus controls. Mean accuracy for classifying (non-)medicated subgroups was 62%. Sex classification accuracy was substantially better across datasets (73-81%). Visualization of the results showed that classifications were driven by stronger thalamic connections in both datasets, while nearly all other connections were weaker with small univariate effect sizes. These results suggest that whole brain resting-state connectivity is a reliable though poor biomarker for MDD, presumably due to disease heterogeneity as further supported by the higher accuracy for sex classification using the same methods. Deep learning revealed thalamic hyperconnectivity as a prominent neurophysiological signature of depression in both multicenter studies, which may guide the development of biomarkers in future studies.
Published: 2023

7. Functional connectivity signatures of major depressive disorder: Machine learning analysis of two multicenter neuroimaging studies

Author: Gallo, S., Elgazzar, A.G.M.A., Zhutovsky, P., Thomas, R.M., Javaheripour, N., Li, M., Bartova, L., Bathula, D., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Frodl, T., Gotlib, I.H., Grimm, S., Grotegerd, D., Hahn, T., Hamilton, P.J., Harrison, B.J., Jansen, A., Kircher, T.T.J., Meyer, B., Nenadic, I., Olbrich, S., Paul, E., Pezawas, L., Sacchet, M.D., Sämann, P.G., Wagner, G., Walter, H., Walter, M., Wingen, G.A. van, Gallo, S., Elgazzar, A.G.M.A., Zhutovsky, P., Thomas, R.M., Javaheripour, N., Li, M., Bartova, L., Bathula, D., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Frodl, T., Gotlib, I.H., Grimm, S., Grotegerd, D., Hahn, T., Hamilton, P.J., Harrison, B.J., Jansen, A., Kircher, T.T.J., Meyer, B., Nenadic, I., Olbrich, S., Paul, E., Pezawas, L., Sacchet, M.D., Sämann, P.G., Wagner, G., Walter, H., Walter, M., and Wingen, G.A. van
Abstract: 15 februari 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, The promise of machine learning has fueled the hope for developing diagnostic tools for psychiatry. Initial studies showed high accuracy for the identification of major depressive disorder (MDD) with resting-state connectivity, but progress has been hampered by the absence of large datasets. Here we used regular machine learning and advanced deep learning algorithms to differentiate patients with MDD from healthy controls and identify neurophysiological signatures of depression in two of the largest resting-state datasets for MDD. We obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the REST-meta-MDD (N = 2338) and PsyMRI (N = 1039) consortia. Classification of functional connectivity matrices was done using support vector machines (SVM) and graph convolutional neural networks (GCN), and performance was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. Features were visualized using GCN-Explainer, an ablation study and univariate t-testing. The results showed a mean classification accuracy of 61% for MDD versus controls. Mean accuracy for classifying (non-)medicated subgroups was 62%. Sex classification accuracy was substantially better across datasets (73-81%). Visualization of the results showed that classifications were driven by stronger thalamic connections in both datasets, while nearly all other connections were weaker with small univariate effect sizes. These results suggest that whole brain resting-state connectivity is a reliable though poor biomarker for MDD, presumably due to disease heterogeneity as further supported by the higher accuracy for sex classification using the same methods. Deep learning revealed thalamic hyperconnectivity as a prominent neurophysiological signature of depression in both multicenter studies, which may guide the development of biomarkers in future studies.
Published: 2023

8. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author: Dima, D., Modabbernia, A., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Dale, A.M., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Kalnin, A., Naaijen, J., Klein, M., Thompson, P.M., Frangou, S., Dima, D., Modabbernia, A., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Dale, A.M., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Kalnin, A., Naaijen, J., Klein, M., Thompson, P.M., and Frangou, S.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 245411.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.
Published: 2022

9. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author: Frangou, S., Modabbernia, A., Williams, S.C.R., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dale, A.M., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Klein, M., Frangou, S., Modabbernia, A., Williams, S.C.R., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dale, A.M., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., and Klein, M.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 245396.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
Published: 2022

10. Consortium neuroscience of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: The ENIGMA adventure

Author: Hoogman, M., Rooij, D. van, Klein, M., Boedhoe, P., Ilioska, I., Li, T., Patel, Y., Postema, M.C., Zhang-James, Y., Anagnostou, E., Arango, C., Auzias, G., Banaschewski, T., Bau, C.H.D., Behrmann, M., Bellgrove, Mark A., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calvo, R., Castellanos, F.X., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Daly, E., Deruelle, C., Dinstein, I., Durston, S., Ecker, C., Ehrlich, S., Epstein, J.N., Fair, D.A., Fitzgerald, J., Freitag, C.M., Frodl, T., Gallagher, L., Grevet, E.H., Haavik, J., Hoekstra, P.J., Janssen, J., Karkashadze, G., King, J.A., Konrad, K., Kuntsi, J., Lazaro, L., Lerch, J.P., Lesch, K.P., Louza, M.R., Luna, B., Mattos, P., McGrath, J., Muratori, F., Murphy, C., Nigg, J.T., Oberwelland-Weiss, E., Tuura, R.L. O'Gorman, O'Hearn, K., Oosterlaan, J., Parellada, M., Pauli, P., Plessen, K.J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Retico, A., Rosa, P.G., Rubia, K., Shaw, P., Silk, T.J., Tamm, L., Vilarroya, O., Walitza, S., Jahanshad, N., Faraone, S.V, Francks, C., Heuvel, O.A. van den, Paus, T., Thompson, P.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Franke, B., Hoogman, M., Rooij, D. van, Klein, M., Boedhoe, P., Ilioska, I., Li, T., Patel, Y., Postema, M.C., Zhang-James, Y., Anagnostou, E., Arango, C., Auzias, G., Banaschewski, T., Bau, C.H.D., Behrmann, M., Bellgrove, Mark A., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calvo, R., Castellanos, F.X., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Daly, E., Deruelle, C., Dinstein, I., Durston, S., Ecker, C., Ehrlich, S., Epstein, J.N., Fair, D.A., Fitzgerald, J., Freitag, C.M., Frodl, T., Gallagher, L., Grevet, E.H., Haavik, J., Hoekstra, P.J., Janssen, J., Karkashadze, G., King, J.A., Konrad, K., Kuntsi, J., Lazaro, L., Lerch, J.P., Lesch, K.P., Louza, M.R., Luna, B., Mattos, P., McGrath, J., Muratori, F., Murphy, C., Nigg, J.T., Oberwelland-Weiss, E., Tuura, R.L. O'Gorman, O'Hearn, K., Oosterlaan, J., Parellada, M., Pauli, P., Plessen, K.J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Retico, A., Rosa, P.G., Rubia, K., Shaw, P., Silk, T.J., Tamm, L., Vilarroya, O., Walitza, S., Jahanshad, N., Faraone, S.V, Francks, C., Heuvel, O.A. van den, Paus, T., Thompson, P.M., Buitelaar, J.K., and Franke, B.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 248364.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Neuroimaging has been extensively used to study brain structure and function in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) over the past decades. Two of the main shortcomings of the neuroimaging literature of these disorders are the small sample sizes employed and the heterogeneity of methods used. In 2013 and 2014, the ENIGMA-ADHD and ENIGMA-ASD working groups were respectively, founded with a common goal to address these limitations. Here, we provide a narrative review of the thus far completed and still ongoing projects of these working groups. Due to an implicitly hierarchical psychiatric diagnostic classification system, the fields of ADHD and ASD have developed largely in isolation, despite the considerable overlap in the occurrence of the disorders. The collaboration between the ENIGMA-ADHD and -ASD working groups seeks to bring the neuroimaging efforts of the two disorders closer together. The outcomes of case-control studies of subcortical and cortical structures showed that subcortical volumes are similarly affected in ASD and ADHD, albeit with small effect sizes. Cortical analyses identified unique differences in each disorder, but also considerable overlap between the two, specifically in cortical thickness. Ongoing work is examining alternative research questions, such as brain laterality, prediction of case-control status, and anatomical heterogeneity. In brief, great strides have been made toward fulfilling the aims of the ENIGMA collaborations, while new ideas and follow-up analyses continue that include more imaging modalities (diffusion MRI and resting-state functional MRI), collaborations with other large databases, and samples with dual diagnoses.
Published: 2022

11. Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting: An illustration from large-scale brain asymmetry research

Author: Kong, XZ, Francks, C, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Asherson, P, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dannlowski, U, de Bruttopilo, SA, de Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Flint, C, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, do Santos Garcia, D, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, del Carmen Valdés Hernández, M, Kong, XZ, Francks, C, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Asherson, P, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dannlowski, U, de Bruttopilo, SA, de Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Flint, C, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, JM, Garavan, H, do Santos Garcia, D, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, and del Carmen Valdés Hernández, M
Published: 2022

12. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author: Dima, D, Modabbernia, A, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, Ortiz-Garcia De la Foz, V, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, Van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Williams, SCR, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, Frangou, S, Dima, D, Modabbernia, A, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, Ortiz-Garcia De la Foz, V, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, Van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Williams, SCR, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, and Frangou, S
Abstract: Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.
Published: 2022

13. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author: Frangou, S, Modabbernia, A, Williams, SCR, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, de la Foz, VO-G, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, Dima, D, Frangou, S, Modabbernia, A, Williams, SCR, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, de la Foz, VO-G, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, and Dima, D
Abstract: Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
Published: 2022

14. Consortium neuroscience of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: The ENIGMA adventure

Author: Hoogman, M, van Rooij, D, Klein, M, Boedhoe, P, Ilioska, I, Li, T, Patel, Y, Postema, MC, Zhang-James, Y, Anagnostou, E, Arango, C, Auzias, G, Banaschewski, T, Bau, CHD, Behrmann, M, Bellgrove, MA, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calvo, R, Castellanos, FX, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Daly, E, Deruelle, C, Dinstein, I, Durston, S, Ecker, C, Ehrlich, S, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Fitzgerald, J, Freitag, CM, Frodl, T, Gallagher, L, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Hoekstra, PJ, Janssen, J, Karkashadze, G, King, JA, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lerch, JP, Lesch, K-P, Louza, MR, Luna, B, Mattos, P, McGrath, J, Muratori, F, Murphy, C, Nigg, JT, Oberwelland-Weiss, E, Tuura, RLO, O'Hearn, K, Oosterlaan, J, Parellada, M, Pauli, P, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Retico, A, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Shaw, P, Silk, TJ, Tamm, L, Vilarroya, O, Walitza, S, Jahanshad, N, Faraone, S, Francks, C, van den Heuvel, OA, Paus, T, Thompson, PM, Buitelaar, JK, Franke, B, Hoogman, M, van Rooij, D, Klein, M, Boedhoe, P, Ilioska, I, Li, T, Patel, Y, Postema, MC, Zhang-James, Y, Anagnostou, E, Arango, C, Auzias, G, Banaschewski, T, Bau, CHD, Behrmann, M, Bellgrove, MA, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calvo, R, Castellanos, FX, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Daly, E, Deruelle, C, Dinstein, I, Durston, S, Ecker, C, Ehrlich, S, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Fitzgerald, J, Freitag, CM, Frodl, T, Gallagher, L, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Hoekstra, PJ, Janssen, J, Karkashadze, G, King, JA, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lerch, JP, Lesch, K-P, Louza, MR, Luna, B, Mattos, P, McGrath, J, Muratori, F, Murphy, C, Nigg, JT, Oberwelland-Weiss, E, Tuura, RLO, O'Hearn, K, Oosterlaan, J, Parellada, M, Pauli, P, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Retico, A, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Shaw, P, Silk, TJ, Tamm, L, Vilarroya, O, Walitza, S, Jahanshad, N, Faraone, S, Francks, C, van den Heuvel, OA, Paus, T, Thompson, PM, Buitelaar, JK, and Franke, B
Abstract: Neuroimaging has been extensively used to study brain structure and function in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) over the past decades. Two of the main shortcomings of the neuroimaging literature of these disorders are the small sample sizes employed and the heterogeneity of methods used. In 2013 and 2014, the ENIGMA-ADHD and ENIGMA-ASD working groups were respectively, founded with a common goal to address these limitations. Here, we provide a narrative review of the thus far completed and still ongoing projects of these working groups. Due to an implicitly hierarchical psychiatric diagnostic classification system, the fields of ADHD and ASD have developed largely in isolation, despite the considerable overlap in the occurrence of the disorders. The collaboration between the ENIGMA-ADHD and -ASD working groups seeks to bring the neuroimaging efforts of the two disorders closer together. The outcomes of case-control studies of subcortical and cortical structures showed that subcortical volumes are similarly affected in ASD and ADHD, albeit with small effect sizes. Cortical analyses identified unique differences in each disorder, but also considerable overlap between the two, specifically in cortical thickness. Ongoing work is examining alternative research questions, such as brain laterality, prediction of case-control status, and anatomical heterogeneity. In brief, great strides have been made toward fulfilling the aims of the ENIGMA collaborations, while new ideas and follow-up analyses continue that include more imaging modalities (diffusion MRI and resting-state functional MRI), collaborations with other large databases, and samples with dual diagnoses.
Published: 2022

15. Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes

Author: Heerlein, K., Perugi, G., Otte, C., Frodl, T., Degraeve, G., Hagedoorn, W., Oliveira-Maia, A. J., Perez Sola, V., Rathod, S., Rosso, G., Sierra, P., Malynn, S., Morrens, J., Verrijcken, C., Gonzalez, B., Young, A. H., and NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS|FCM)
Subjects: Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Mental health, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment resistant depression (TRD) characterizes a subgroup of 10-30% of patients with major depressive disorder, and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. A consensus treatment for TRD does not exist, which often leads to wide variations in treatment strategies. Real-world studies on treatment patterns and outcomes in TRD patients in Europe are lacking and could help elucidate current treatment strategies and their efficacy. METHODS: This non-interventional cohort study of patients with TRD (defined as treatment failure on ≥2 oral antidepressants given at adequate dose and duration) with moderate to severe depression collected real-world data on treatment patterns and outcomes in several European countries. Patients were started on a new treatment for depression according to routine clinical practice. RESULTS: Among 411 patients enrolled, after 6 months, only 16.7% achieved remission and 73.5% showed no response. At Month 12, while 19.2% achieved remission and 69.2% showed no response, 33.3% of those in remission at Month 6 were no longer in remission. Pharmacological treatments employed were heterogenous; 54 different drugs were recorded at baseline, and the top 5 treatment types according to drug classes accounted for 40.0% of patients. Even though remission rates were very low, at Month 12, 60.0% of patients had not changed treatment since enrolment. CONCLUSIONS: The heterogeneity of treatments highlights a lack of consensus. Moreover, despite low response rates, patients often remained on treatments for substantial periods of time. These data further support existence of an unmet treatment need for TRD patients in Europe. publishersversion published
Published: 2021

16. Real-World Evidence from a European Cohort Study of Patients with Treatment Resistant Depression: Healthcare Resource Utilization: Healthcare resource utilization

Author: Heerlein, K., De Giorgi, S., Degraeve, G., Frodl, T., Hagedoorn, W., Oliveira-Maia, A.J., Otte, C., Perez Sola, V., Rathod, S., Rosso, G., Sierra, Pilar, Vita, A., Morrens, J., Rive, B., Mulhern Haughey, S., Kambarov, Y., and Young, A.H.
Subjects: Psiquiatria
Abstract: Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD) is diagnosed when patients experiencing a major depressive episode fail to respond to ≥2 treatments. Along with substantial indirect costs, patients with TRD have higher healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) than other patients with depression. However, research on the economic impact of this HCRU, and differences according to response to treatment, is lacking. Methods: This multicenter, observational study documented HCRU among patients with TRD in European clinical practice initiating new antidepressant treatments. Data regarding access to outpatient consultations and other healthcare resources for the first 6 months, collected using a questionnaire, were analyzed qualitatively according to response and remission status. The economic impact of HCRU, estimated using European costing data, was analyzed quantitatively. Results: Among 411 patients, average HCRU was higher in non-responders, attending five times more general practitioner (GP) consultations and spending longer in hospital (1.7 versus 1.1 days) than responders. Greater differences were observed according to remission status, with non-remitters attending seven times more GP consultations and spending approximately three times longer in hospital (1.7 versus 0.6 days) than remitters. Consequently, the estimated economic impacts of non-responders and non-remitters were significantly greater than those of responders and remitters, respectively. Limitations: Key limitations are small cohort size, absence of control groups and generalizability to different healthcare systems.
Published: 2021

17. Real-world evidence from a European cohort study of patients with treatment resistant depression: Baseline patient characteristics: Patient characteristics in treatment resistant depression

Author: Heerlein, K., Young, A.H., Otte, C., Frodl, T., Degraeve, G., Hagedoom, W., Oliveira, M., Pérez Sola, V., Rathod, S., Rosso, G., Sierra, Pilar, Morrens, J., Van Dooren, G., Gai, Y., and Perugi, G.
Subjects: Disease burden, Health-related quality of life, Major depressive disorder, Observational study, Patient-reported outcomes, Socio-economic status, Psiquiatria
Abstract: Background: Treatment resistant depression (TRD; failure to respond to ≥2 treatments) affects ~20% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Real-world data could help describe patient characteristics and TRD disease burden, to assess the unmet needs of TRD patients in Europe. Methods: This observational study collected data from adults with moderate to severe TRD initiating a new treatment for depression, according to local standards of care. At baseline, socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, prior and current treatments were recorded. Disease severity, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functionality and productivity were assessed. Results: Overall, 411 eligible patients were enrolled across seven European countries. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) patient age was 51.0 (10.8) years; 62.3% were female. Long-term sick leave was reported by 19.0% of patients; 30.2% were unemployed. The mean (SD) duration of the current episode was 2.6 (3.9) years. At baseline, mean (SD) HRQoL scores for EuroQoL 5-dimension 5-level (UK tariff) and EQ-Visual Analog Scale were 0.41 (0.25) and 41.1 (18.7), respectively. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire demonstrated mean (SD) absenteeism of 57.0% (44.9%) and presenteeism of 54.7% (29.5%); mean (SD) overall work impairment was 60.5% (29.9%). Limitations: Key limitations are small cohort size, absence of a control group and generalizability to countries with different healthcare models. Conclusions: TRD patients had a high disease burden, low HRQoL and reduced function and productivity, with a substantial proportion unable to work. This demonstrates an unmet treatment need in TRD patients that, if addressed, could reduce the heavy personal and societal burden
Published: 2021
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18. Brain aging in major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group

Author: Han, L.K.M., Dinga, R., Hahn, T., Ching, C.R., Eyler, L.T., Aftanas, L., Aghajani, M., Aleman, A., Baune, B.T., Berger, K., Brak, I., Filho, G.B., Carballedo, A., Connolly, C.G., Couvy-Duchesne, B., Cullen, K.R., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C.G., Dima, D., Duran, F.L.S., Enneking, V., Filimonova, E., Frenzel, S., Frodl, T., Fu, C.H.Y., Godlewska, B.R., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Hall, G.B., Harrison, B.J., Hatton, S.N., Hermesdorf, M., Hickie, I.B., Ho, T.C., Hosten, N., Jansen, Andreas, Kähler, C., Kircher, T., Klimes-Dougan, B., Krämer, B., Krug, A., Lagopoulos, J., Leenings, R., MacMaster, F.P., MacQueen, G., McIntosh, A., McLellan, Q., McMahon, K.L., Medland, S.E., Mueller, B.A., Mwangi, B., Osipov, E., Portella, M.J., Pozzi, E., Reneman, L., Repple, J., Rosa, P.G., Sacchet, M.D., Sämann, P.G., Schnell, K., Schrantee, A., Simulionyte, E., Soares, J.C., Sommer, J., Stein, D.J., Steinsträter, O., Strike, L.T., Thomopoulos, S.I., Tol, M.J.D. van, Veer, I.M., Vermeiren, R., Walter, H., Wee, N.J.A. van der, Werff, S.J.A. van der, Whalley, H., Winter, N.R., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M.J., Wu, M.J., Völzke, H., Yang, T.T., Zannias, V., Zubicaray, G.I. de, Zunta-Soares, G.B., Abé, C., Alda, M., Andreassen, O.A., Bøen, E., Bonnin, C.M., Canales-Rodriguez, E.J., Cannon, D., Caseras, X., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Elvsåshagen, T., Favre, P., Foley, S.F., Fullerton, J.M., Ruhé, H.G., Schene, A.H., Marquand, A.F., Cole, J., Schmaal, L., Han, L.K.M., Dinga, R., Hahn, T., Ching, C.R., Eyler, L.T., Aftanas, L., Aghajani, M., Aleman, A., Baune, B.T., Berger, K., Brak, I., Filho, G.B., Carballedo, A., Connolly, C.G., Couvy-Duchesne, B., Cullen, K.R., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C.G., Dima, D., Duran, F.L.S., Enneking, V., Filimonova, E., Frenzel, S., Frodl, T., Fu, C.H.Y., Godlewska, B.R., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Hall, G.B., Harrison, B.J., Hatton, S.N., Hermesdorf, M., Hickie, I.B., Ho, T.C., Hosten, N., Jansen, Andreas, Kähler, C., Kircher, T., Klimes-Dougan, B., Krämer, B., Krug, A., Lagopoulos, J., Leenings, R., MacMaster, F.P., MacQueen, G., McIntosh, A., McLellan, Q., McMahon, K.L., Medland, S.E., Mueller, B.A., Mwangi, B., Osipov, E., Portella, M.J., Pozzi, E., Reneman, L., Repple, J., Rosa, P.G., Sacchet, M.D., Sämann, P.G., Schnell, K., Schrantee, A., Simulionyte, E., Soares, J.C., Sommer, J., Stein, D.J., Steinsträter, O., Strike, L.T., Thomopoulos, S.I., Tol, M.J.D. van, Veer, I.M., Vermeiren, R., Walter, H., Wee, N.J.A. van der, Werff, S.J.A. van der, Whalley, H., Winter, N.R., Wittfeld, K., Wright, M.J., Wu, M.J., Völzke, H., Yang, T.T., Zannias, V., Zubicaray, G.I. de, Zunta-Soares, G.B., Abé, C., Alda, M., Andreassen, O.A., Bøen, E., Bonnin, C.M., Canales-Rodriguez, E.J., Cannon, D., Caseras, X., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Elvsåshagen, T., Favre, P., Foley, S.F., Fullerton, J.M., Ruhé, H.G., Schene, A.H., Marquand, A.F., Cole, J., and Schmaal, L.
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext, Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging-related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in adult MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multicenter international dataset. We performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 19 samples worldwide. Healthy brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (18-75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 952 male and 1236 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model coefficients were applied to 927 male controls and 986 depressed males, and 1199 female controls and 1689 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted "brain age" and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). On average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +1.08 (SE 0.22) years (Cohen's d = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.08-0.20) compared with controls. However, this difference did not seem to be driven by specific clinical characteristics (recurrent status, remission status, antidepressant medication use, age of onset, or symptom severity). This highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of age-related structural brain abnormalities in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the clinical value of these brain-PAD estimates.
Published: 2021

19. Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets

Author: Postema, M.C., Hoogman, M., Ambrosino, S., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bandeira, C.E., Baranov, A., Bau, C.H.D., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bellgrove, Mark A., Biederman, J., Bralten, J.B., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Castellanos, F.X., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chantiluke, K.C., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Cubillo, A.I., Cupertino, R.B., Zeeuw, P. de, Doyle, A.E., Durston, S., Earl, E.A., Epstein, J.N., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V, Frodl, T., Gabel, M.C., Gogberashvili, T., Grevet, E.H., Haavik, J., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, Catharina A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Høvik, M.F., Jernigan, T.L., Kardatzki, B., Karkashadze, G., Kelly, C., Kohls, G., Konrad, K., Kuntsi, J., Lazaro, L., Lera-Miguel, S., Lesch, K.P., Louza, M.R., Lundervold, A.J., Malpas, C.B., Mattos, P., McCarthy, H., Namazova-Baranova, L., Nicolau, R., Nigg, J.T., Novotny, S.E., Weiss, E. Oberwelland, Tuura, R.L. O'Gorman, Oosterlaan, J., Oranje, B., Paloyelis, Y., Pauli, P., Picon, F.A., Plessen, K.J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Rosa, P.G., Rubia, K., Schrantee, A., Schweren, L.J., Seitz, J., Shaw, P., Silk, T.J., Skokauskas, N., Vila, J.C. Soliva, Stevens, M.C., Sudre, G., Tamm, L., Tovar-Moll, F., Erp, T.G. van, Vance, A., Vilarroya, O., Vives-Gilabert, Y., Polier, G.G. von, Walitza, S., Yoncheva, Y.N., Zanetti, M.V., Ziegler, G.C., Glahn, D.C., Fisher, S.E., Franke, B., Francks, C., Postema, M.C., Hoogman, M., Ambrosino, S., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bandeira, C.E., Baranov, A., Bau, C.H.D., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bellgrove, Mark A., Biederman, J., Bralten, J.B., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Castellanos, F.X., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chantiluke, K.C., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Cubillo, A.I., Cupertino, R.B., Zeeuw, P. de, Doyle, A.E., Durston, S., Earl, E.A., Epstein, J.N., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V, Frodl, T., Gabel, M.C., Gogberashvili, T., Grevet, E.H., Haavik, J., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, Catharina A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Høvik, M.F., Jernigan, T.L., Kardatzki, B., Karkashadze, G., Kelly, C., Kohls, G., Konrad, K., Kuntsi, J., Lazaro, L., Lera-Miguel, S., Lesch, K.P., Louza, M.R., Lundervold, A.J., Malpas, C.B., Mattos, P., McCarthy, H., Namazova-Baranova, L., Nicolau, R., Nigg, J.T., Novotny, S.E., Weiss, E. Oberwelland, Tuura, R.L. O'Gorman, Oosterlaan, J., Oranje, B., Paloyelis, Y., Pauli, P., Picon, F.A., Plessen, K.J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Rosa, P.G., Rubia, K., Schrantee, A., Schweren, L.J., Seitz, J., Shaw, P., Silk, T.J., Skokauskas, N., Vila, J.C. Soliva, Stevens, M.C., Sudre, G., Tamm, L., Tovar-Moll, F., Erp, T.G. van, Vance, A., Vilarroya, O., Vives-Gilabert, Y., Polier, G.G. von, Walitza, S., Yoncheva, Y.N., Zanetti, M.V., Ziegler, G.C., Glahn, D.C., Fisher, S.E., Franke, B., and Francks, C.
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext, OBJECTIVE: Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here, we performed the largest ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium. METHODS: We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modeling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries. RESULTS: There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t = 2.1, p = .04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t = 2.7, p = .01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen's d from -0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION: Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely underpowered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait.
Published: 2021

20. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Author: Frangou, S. (Sophia), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Dima, D. (Danai), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L. (Lisa), Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), Ent, D. (Dennis) van 't, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), and Dima, D. (Danai)
Abstract: Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3–90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
Published: 2021
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21. Virtual histology of cortical thickness and shared neurobiology in 6 psychiatric disorders

Author: Patel, Y, Parker, N, Shin, J, Howard, D, French, L, Thomopoulos, SI, Pozzi, E, Abe, Y, Abé, C, Anticevic, A, Alda, M, Aleman, A, Alloza, C, Alonso-Lana, S, Ameis, SH, Anagnostou, E, McIntosh, AA, Arango, C, Arnold, PD, Asherson, P, Assogna, F, Auzias, G, Ayesa-Arriola, R, Bakker, G, Banaj, N, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Baranov, A, Bargalló, N, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baune, BT, Bellgrove, MA, Benedetti, F, Bertolino, A, Boedhoe, PSW, Boks, M, Bollettini, I, Del Mar Bonnin, C, Borgers, T, Borgwardt, S, Brandeis, D, Brennan, BP, Bruggemann, JM, Bülow, R, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calhoun, VD, Calvo, R, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Carr, VJ, Cascella, N, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Cubillo, AI, Cullen, KR, Cupertino, RB, Daly, E, Dannlowski, U, Davey, CG, Denys, D, Deruelle, C, Di Giorgio, A, Dickie, EW, Dima, D, Dohm, K, Ehrlich, S, Ely, BA, Erwin-Grabner, T, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, SV, Fatjó-Vilas, M, Fedor, JM, Fitzgerald, KD, Ford, JM, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Fullerton, JM, Gabel, MC, Glahn, DC, Roberts, G, Gogberashvili, T, Goikolea, JM, Gotlib, IH, Goya-Maldonado, R, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Grevet, EH, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Guerrero-Pedraza, A, Silk, Timothy, Patel, Y, Parker, N, Shin, J, Howard, D, French, L, Thomopoulos, SI, Pozzi, E, Abe, Y, Abé, C, Anticevic, A, Alda, M, Aleman, A, Alloza, C, Alonso-Lana, S, Ameis, SH, Anagnostou, E, McIntosh, AA, Arango, C, Arnold, PD, Asherson, P, Assogna, F, Auzias, G, Ayesa-Arriola, R, Bakker, G, Banaj, N, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Baranov, A, Bargalló, N, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baune, BT, Bellgrove, MA, Benedetti, F, Bertolino, A, Boedhoe, PSW, Boks, M, Bollettini, I, Del Mar Bonnin, C, Borgers, T, Borgwardt, S, Brandeis, D, Brennan, BP, Bruggemann, JM, Bülow, R, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calhoun, VD, Calvo, R, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Carr, VJ, Cascella, N, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Cubillo, AI, Cullen, KR, Cupertino, RB, Daly, E, Dannlowski, U, Davey, CG, Denys, D, Deruelle, C, Di Giorgio, A, Dickie, EW, Dima, D, Dohm, K, Ehrlich, S, Ely, BA, Erwin-Grabner, T, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, SV, Fatjó-Vilas, M, Fedor, JM, Fitzgerald, KD, Ford, JM, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Fullerton, JM, Gabel, MC, Glahn, DC, Roberts, G, Gogberashvili, T, Goikolea, JM, Gotlib, IH, Goya-Maldonado, R, Grabe, HJ, Green, MJ, Grevet, EH, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Guerrero-Pedraza, A, and Silk, Timothy
Published: 2021

22. Characterizing neuroanatomic heterogeneity in people with and without ADHD based on subcortical brain volumes

Author: Li, T, van Rooij, D, Roth Mota, N, Buitelaar, JK, Hoogman, M, Arias Vasquez, A, Franke, B, Ambrosino, S, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Berm, S, Busatto, GF, Calvo, A, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Cupertino, RB, de Zeeuw, P, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fallgatter, AJ, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gogberashvili, T, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Høvik, MF, Jahanshad, N, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, KP, Louza, MR, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, O'Gorman Tuura, RL, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Picon, FA, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Tim, Skokauskas, N, Carlos Soliva Vila, J, Soloveva, A, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Thompson, PM, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Yoncheva, YN, Zanetti, MV, Ziegler, GC, Anikin, A, Asherson, P, Li, T, van Rooij, D, Roth Mota, N, Buitelaar, JK, Hoogman, M, Arias Vasquez, A, Franke, B, Ambrosino, S, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Berm, S, Busatto, GF, Calvo, A, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Cupertino, RB, de Zeeuw, P, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fallgatter, AJ, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gogberashvili, T, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Høvik, MF, Jahanshad, N, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, KP, Louza, MR, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, O'Gorman Tuura, RL, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Picon, FA, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Tim, Skokauskas, N, Carlos Soliva Vila, J, Soloveva, A, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Thompson, PM, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Yoncheva, YN, Zanetti, MV, Ziegler, GC, Anikin, A, and Asherson, P
Published: 2021

23. Evidence for similar structural brain anomalies in youth and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a machine learning analysis

Author: Zhang-James, Y, Helminen, EC, Liu, J, Busatto, GF, Calvo, A, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Gabel, MC, Harrison, NA, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Louza, MR, Nicolau, R, Rosa, PGP, Schulte-Rutte, M, Zanetti, MV, Ambrosino, S, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Baranov, A, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Buitelaar, JK, Castellanos, FX, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Dale, AM, de Zeeuw, P, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Frodl, T, Gogberashvili, T, Haavik, J, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Høvik, MF, Jahanshad, N, Jernigan, TL, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lesch, KP, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Mehta, MA, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, O’Gorman Tuura, RL, Weiss, EO, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schwarz, L, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Timothy, Skokauskas, N, Vila, JCS, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Thompson, PM, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Yoncheva, YN, Zhang-James, Y, Helminen, EC, Liu, J, Busatto, GF, Calvo, A, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Gabel, MC, Harrison, NA, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Louza, MR, Nicolau, R, Rosa, PGP, Schulte-Rutte, M, Zanetti, MV, Ambrosino, S, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Baranov, A, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Buitelaar, JK, Castellanos, FX, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Dale, AM, de Zeeuw, P, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Frodl, T, Gogberashvili, T, Haavik, J, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Høvik, MF, Jahanshad, N, Jernigan, TL, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lesch, KP, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Mehta, MA, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, O’Gorman Tuura, RL, Weiss, EO, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schwarz, L, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Timothy, Skokauskas, N, Vila, JCS, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Thompson, PM, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, and Yoncheva, YN
Published: 2021

24. Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 39 datasets

Author: Postema, MC, Hoogman, M, Ambrosino, S, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Baranov, A, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Cupertino, RB, de Zeeuw, P, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, SV, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gogberashvili, T, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Høvik, MF, Jernigan, TL, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, KP, Louza, MR, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, Oberwelland Weiss, E, O'Gorman Tuura, RL, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Picon, FA, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Tim, Skokauskas, N, Soliva Vila, JC, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Yoncheva, YN, Zanetti, MV, Ziegler, GC, Glahn, DC, Jahanshad, N, Postema, MC, Hoogman, M, Ambrosino, S, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bandeira, CE, Baranov, A, Bau, CHD, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bellgrove, MA, Biederman, J, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, KC, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, AI, Cupertino, RB, de Zeeuw, P, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, SV, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gogberashvili, T, Grevet, EH, Haavik, J, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Høvik, MF, Jernigan, TL, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kelly, C, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuntsi, J, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, KP, Louza, MR, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, Oberwelland Weiss, E, O'Gorman Tuura, RL, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Picon, FA, Plessen, KJ, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Schrantee, A, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Silk, Tim, Skokauskas, N, Soliva Vila, JC, Stevens, MC, Sudre, G, Tamm, L, Tovar-Moll, F, van Erp, TGM, Vance, A, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Yoncheva, YN, Zanetti, MV, Ziegler, GC, Glahn, DC, and Jahanshad, N
Published: 2021

25. Brain structural abnormalities in obesity: relation to age, genetic risk, and common psychiatric disorders (May, 2020, 10.1038/s41380-020-0774-9)

Author: Opel, N, Thalamuthu, A, Milaneschi, Y, Grotegerd, D, Flint, C, Leenings, R, Goltermann, J, Richter, M, Hahn, T, Woditsch, G, Berger, K, Hermesdorf, M, McIntosh, A, Whalley, HC, Harris, MA, MacMaster, FP, Walter, H, Veer, IM, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Krug, A, Nenadic, I, Kircher, T, Aleman, A, Groenewold, NA, Stein, DJ, Soares, JC, Zunta-Soares, GB, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Walter, M, Li, M, Harrison, BJ, Davey, CG, Cullen, KR, Klimes-Dougan, B, Mueller, BA, Samann, PG, Penninx, B, Nawijn, L, Veltman, DJ, Aftanas, L, Brak, IV, Filimonova, EA, Osipov, EA, Reneman, L, Schrantee, A, Grabe, HJ, van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Hosten, N, Volzke, H, Sim, K, Gotlib, IH, Sacchet, MD, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, I, Pozzi, E, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Schmaal, L, Baune, BT, Dannlowski, U, Opel, N, Thalamuthu, A, Milaneschi, Y, Grotegerd, D, Flint, C, Leenings, R, Goltermann, J, Richter, M, Hahn, T, Woditsch, G, Berger, K, Hermesdorf, M, McIntosh, A, Whalley, HC, Harris, MA, MacMaster, FP, Walter, H, Veer, IM, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Krug, A, Nenadic, I, Kircher, T, Aleman, A, Groenewold, NA, Stein, DJ, Soares, JC, Zunta-Soares, GB, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Walter, M, Li, M, Harrison, BJ, Davey, CG, Cullen, KR, Klimes-Dougan, B, Mueller, BA, Samann, PG, Penninx, B, Nawijn, L, Veltman, DJ, Aftanas, L, Brak, IV, Filimonova, EA, Osipov, EA, Reneman, L, Schrantee, A, Grabe, HJ, van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Hosten, N, Volzke, H, Sim, K, Gotlib, IH, Sacchet, MD, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, I, Pozzi, E, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Schmaal, L, Baune, BT, and Dannlowski, U
Published: 2021

26. Brain structural abnormalities in obesity: relation to age, genetic risk, and common psychiatric disorders Evidence through univariate and multivariate mega-analysis including 6420 participants from the ENIGMA MDD working group

Author: Opel, N, Thalamuthu, A, Milaneschi, Y, Grotegerd, D, Flint, C, Leenings, R, Goltermann, J, Richter, M, Hahn, T, Woditsch, G, Berger, K, Hermesdorf, M, McIntosh, A, Whalley, HC, Harris, MA, MacMaster, FP, Walter, H, Veer, IM, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Krug, A, Nenadic, I, Kircher, T, Aleman, A, Groenewold, NA, Stein, DJ, Soares, JC, Zunta-Soares, GB, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Walter, M, Li, M, Harrison, BJ, Davey, CG, Cullen, KR, Klimes-Dougan, B, Mueller, BA, Saemann, PG, Penninx, B, Nawijn, L, Veltman, DJ, Aftanas, L, Brak, I, Filimonova, EA, Osipov, EA, Reneman, L, Schrantee, A, Grabe, HJ, Van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Hosten, N, Voelzke, H, Sim, K, Gotlib, IH, Sacchet, MD, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, I, Pozzi, E, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Schmaal, L, Baune, BT, Dannlowski, U, Opel, N, Thalamuthu, A, Milaneschi, Y, Grotegerd, D, Flint, C, Leenings, R, Goltermann, J, Richter, M, Hahn, T, Woditsch, G, Berger, K, Hermesdorf, M, McIntosh, A, Whalley, HC, Harris, MA, MacMaster, FP, Walter, H, Veer, IM, Frodl, T, Carballedo, A, Krug, A, Nenadic, I, Kircher, T, Aleman, A, Groenewold, NA, Stein, DJ, Soares, JC, Zunta-Soares, GB, Mwangi, B, Wu, M-J, Walter, M, Li, M, Harrison, BJ, Davey, CG, Cullen, KR, Klimes-Dougan, B, Mueller, BA, Saemann, PG, Penninx, B, Nawijn, L, Veltman, DJ, Aftanas, L, Brak, I, Filimonova, EA, Osipov, EA, Reneman, L, Schrantee, A, Grabe, HJ, Van der Auwera, S, Wittfeld, K, Hosten, N, Voelzke, H, Sim, K, Gotlib, IH, Sacchet, MD, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, I, Pozzi, E, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Schmaal, L, Baune, BT, and Dannlowski, U
Abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that obesity impacts brain physiology at multiple levels. Here we aimed to clarify the relationship between obesity and brain structure using structural MRI (n = 6420) and genetic data (n = 3907) from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) working group. Obesity (BMI > 30) was significantly associated with cortical and subcortical abnormalities in both mass-univariate and multivariate pattern recognition analyses independent of MDD diagnosis. The most pronounced effects were found for associations between obesity and lower temporo-frontal cortical thickness (maximum Cohen´s d (left fusiform gyrus) = -0.33). The observed regional distribution and effect size of cortical thickness reductions in obesity revealed considerable similarities with corresponding patterns of lower cortical thickness in previously published studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. A higher polygenic risk score for obesity significantly correlated with lower occipital surface area. In addition, a significant age-by-obesity interaction on cortical thickness emerged driven by lower thickness in older participants. Our findings suggest a neurobiological interaction between obesity and brain structure under physiological and pathological brain conditions.
Published: 2021

27. Brain aging in major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group

Author: Han, LKM, Dinga, R, Hahn, T, Ching, CRK, Eyler, LT, Aftanas, L, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Baune, BT, Berger, K, Brak, I, Busatto Filho, G, Carballedo, A, Connolly, CG, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Dannlowski, U, Davey, CG, Dima, D, Duran, FLS, Enneking, V, Filimonova, E, Frenzel, S, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Godlewska, BR, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Hall, GB, Harrison, BJ, Hatton, SN, Hermesdorf, M, Hickie, IB, Ho, TC, Hosten, N, Jansen, A, Kaehler, C, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Kraemer, B, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Leenings, R, MacMaster, FP, MacQueen, G, McIntosh, A, McLellan, Q, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Mueller, BA, Mwangi, B, Osipov, E, Portella, MJ, Pozzi, E, Reneman, L, Repple, J, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schnell, K, Schrantee, A, Simulionyte, E, Soares, JC, Sommer, J, Stein, DJ, Steinstraeter, O, Strike, LT, Thomopoulos, SI, van Tol, M-J, Veer, IM, Vermeiren, RRJM, Walter, H, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werff, SJA, Whalley, H, Winter, NR, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Wu, M-J, Voelzke, H, Yang, TT, Zannias, V, de Zubicaray, GI, Zunta-Soares, GB, Abe, C, Alda, M, Andreassen, OA, Boen, E, Bonnin, CM, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, D, Caseras, X, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Elvsashagen, T, Favre, P, Foley, SF, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Haarman, BCM, Hajek, T, Henry, C, Houenou, J, Howells, FM, Ingvar, M, Kuplicki, R, Lafer, B, Landen, M, Machado-Vieira, R, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Otaduy, MCG, Overs, BJ, Polosan, M, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Rive, MM, Roberts, G, Ruhe, HG, Salvador, R, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Savitz, J, Schene, AH, Schofield, PR, Serpa, MH, Sim, K, Soeiro-de-Souza, MG, Sutherland, AN, Temmingh, HS, Timmons, GM, Uhlmann, A, Vieta, E, Wolf, DH, Zanetti, MV, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Penninx, BWJH, Marquand, AF, Cole, JH, Schmaal, L, Han, LKM, Dinga, R, Hahn, T, Ching, CRK, Eyler, LT, Aftanas, L, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Baune, BT, Berger, K, Brak, I, Busatto Filho, G, Carballedo, A, Connolly, CG, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Dannlowski, U, Davey, CG, Dima, D, Duran, FLS, Enneking, V, Filimonova, E, Frenzel, S, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Godlewska, BR, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Hall, GB, Harrison, BJ, Hatton, SN, Hermesdorf, M, Hickie, IB, Ho, TC, Hosten, N, Jansen, A, Kaehler, C, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Kraemer, B, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Leenings, R, MacMaster, FP, MacQueen, G, McIntosh, A, McLellan, Q, McMahon, KL, Medland, SE, Mueller, BA, Mwangi, B, Osipov, E, Portella, MJ, Pozzi, E, Reneman, L, Repple, J, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schnell, K, Schrantee, A, Simulionyte, E, Soares, JC, Sommer, J, Stein, DJ, Steinstraeter, O, Strike, LT, Thomopoulos, SI, van Tol, M-J, Veer, IM, Vermeiren, RRJM, Walter, H, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werff, SJA, Whalley, H, Winter, NR, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Wu, M-J, Voelzke, H, Yang, TT, Zannias, V, de Zubicaray, GI, Zunta-Soares, GB, Abe, C, Alda, M, Andreassen, OA, Boen, E, Bonnin, CM, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, D, Caseras, X, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Elvsashagen, T, Favre, P, Foley, SF, Fullerton, JM, Goikolea, JM, Haarman, BCM, Hajek, T, Henry, C, Houenou, J, Howells, FM, Ingvar, M, Kuplicki, R, Lafer, B, Landen, M, Machado-Vieira, R, Malt, UF, McDonald, C, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Otaduy, MCG, Overs, BJ, Polosan, M, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Rive, MM, Roberts, G, Ruhe, HG, Salvador, R, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Savitz, J, Schene, AH, Schofield, PR, Serpa, MH, Sim, K, Soeiro-de-Souza, MG, Sutherland, AN, Temmingh, HS, Timmons, GM, Uhlmann, A, Vieta, E, Wolf, DH, Zanetti, MV, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Penninx, BWJH, Marquand, AF, Cole, JH, and Schmaal, L
Abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging-related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in adult MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multicenter international dataset. We performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 19 samples worldwide. Healthy brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (18-75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 952 male and 1236 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model coefficients were applied to 927 male controls and 986 depressed males, and 1199 female controls and 1689 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted "brain age" and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). On average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +1.08 (SE 0.22) years (Cohen's d = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.08-0.20) compared with controls. However, this difference did not seem to be driven by specific clinical characteristics (recurrent status, remission status, antidepressant medication use, age of onset, or symptom severity). This highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of age-related structural brain abnormalities in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the clinical value of these brain-PAD estimates.
Published: 2021

28. Altered resting-state functional connectome in major depressive disorder: a mega-analysis from the PsyMRI consortium

Author: Javaheripour, N, Li, M, Chand, T, Krug, A, Kircher, T, Dannlowski, U, Nenadic, I, Hamilton, JP, Sacchet, MD, Gotlib, IH, Walter, H, Frodl, T, Grimm, S, Harrison, BJ, Wolf, CR, Olbrich, S, van Wingen, G, Pezawas, L, Parker, G, Hyett, MP, Saemann, PG, Hahn, T, Steinstraeter, O, Jansen, A, Yuksel, D, Kaempe, R, Davey, CG, Meyer, B, Bartova, L, Croy, I, Walter, M, Wagner, G, Javaheripour, N, Li, M, Chand, T, Krug, A, Kircher, T, Dannlowski, U, Nenadic, I, Hamilton, JP, Sacchet, MD, Gotlib, IH, Walter, H, Frodl, T, Grimm, S, Harrison, BJ, Wolf, CR, Olbrich, S, van Wingen, G, Pezawas, L, Parker, G, Hyett, MP, Saemann, PG, Hahn, T, Steinstraeter, O, Jansen, A, Yuksel, D, Kaempe, R, Davey, CG, Meyer, B, Bartova, L, Croy, I, Walter, M, and Wagner, G
Abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormal neural circuitry. It can be measured by assessing functional connectivity (FC) at resting-state functional MRI, that may help identifying neural markers of MDD and provide further efficient diagnosis and monitor treatment outcomes. The main aim of the present study is to investigate, in an unbiased way, functional alterations in patients with MDD using a large multi-center dataset from the PsyMRI consortium including 1546 participants from 19 centers ( www.psymri.com ). After applying strict exclusion criteria, the final sample consisted of 606 MDD patients (age: 35.8 ± 11.9 y.o.; females: 60.7%) and 476 healthy participants (age: 33.3 ± 11.0 y.o.; females: 56.7%). We found significant relative hypoconnectivity within somatosensory motor (SMN), salience (SN) networks and between SMN, SN, dorsal attention (DAN), and visual (VN) networks in MDD patients. No significant differences were detected within the default mode (DMN) and frontoparietal networks (FPN). In addition, alterations in network organization were observed in terms of significantly lower network segregation of SMN in MDD patients. Although medicated patients showed significantly lower FC within DMN, FPN, and SN than unmedicated patients, there were no differences between medicated and unmedicated groups in terms of network organization in SMN. We conclude that the network organization of cortical networks, involved in processing of sensory information, might be a more stable neuroimaging marker for MDD than previously assumed alterations in higher-order neural networks like DMN and FPN.
Published: 2021

29. Virtual Histology of Cortical Thickness and Shared Neurobiology in 6 Psychiatric Disorders

Author: Patel, Y., Parker, N., Shin, J., Howard, D., French, L., Thomopoulos, S.I., Pozzi, E., Abe, Y., Abé, C., Anticevic, A., Alda, M., Aleman, A., Alloza, C., Alonso-Lana, S., Ameis, S.H., Anagnostou, E., McIntosh, A.A., Arango, C., Arnold, P.D., Asherson, P., Assogna, F., Auzias, G., Ayesa-Arriola, R., Bakker, G., Banaj, N., Banaschewski, T., Bandeira, C.E., Baranov, A., Bargalló, N., Bau, C.H.D., Baumeister, S., Baune, B.T., Bellgrove, M.A., Benedetti, F., Bertolino, A., Boedhoe, P.S.W., Boks, M., Bollettini, I., Del Mar Bonnin, C., Borgers, T., Borgwardt, S., Brandeis, D., Brennan, B.P., Bruggemann, J.M., Bülow, R., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calhoun, V.D., Calvo, R., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Carr, V.J., Cascella, N., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Cubillo, A.I., Cullen, K.R., Cupertino, R.B., Daly, E., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C.G., Denys, D., Deruelle, C., Di Giorgio, A., Dickie, E.W., Dima, D., Dohm, K., Ehrlich, S., Ely, B.A., Erwin-Grabner, T., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V., Fatjó-Vilas, M., Fedor, J.M., Fitzgerald, K.D., Ford, J.M., Frodl, T., Fu, C.H.Y., Fullerton, J.M., Gabel, M.C., Glahn, D.C., Roberts, G., Gogberashvili, T., Goikolea, J.M., Gotlib, I.H., Goya-Maldonado, R., Grabe, H.J., Green, M.J., Grevet, E.H., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Guerrero-Pedraza, A., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Haar, S., Haarman, B.C.M., Haavik, J., Hahn, T., Hajek, T., Harrison, B.J., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, C.A., Whalley, H.C., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hilland, E., Hirano, Y., Ho, T.C., Hoekstra, P.J., Hoekstra, L., Hohmann, S., Hong, L.E., Höschl, C., Høvik, M.F., Howells, F.M., Nenadic, I., Jalbrzikowski, M., James, A.C., Janssen, J., Jaspers-Fayer, F., Xu, J., Jonassen, R., Karkashadze, G., King, J.A., Kircher, T., Kirschner, M., Koch, K., Kochunov, P., Kohls, G., Konrad, K., Krämer, B., Krug, A., Kuntsi, J., Kwon, J.S., Landén, M., Landrø, N.I., Lazaro, L., Lebedeva, I.S., Leehr, E.J., Lera-Miguel, S., Lesch, K.-P., Lochner, C., Louza, M.R., Luna, B., Lundervold, A.J., Macmaster, F.P., Maglanoc, L.A., Malpas, C.B., Portella, M.J., Marsh, R., Martyn, F.M., Mataix-Cols, D., Mathalon, D.H., McCarthy, H., McDonald, C., McPhilemy, G., Meinert, S., Menchón, J.M., Minuzzi, L., Mitchell, P.B., Moreno, C., Morgado, P., Muratori, F., Murphy, C.M., Murphy, D., Mwangi, B., Nabulsi, L., Nakagawa, A., Nakamae, T., Namazova, L., Narayanaswamy, J., Jahanshad, N., Nguyen, D.D., Nicolau, R., O'Gorman Tuura, R.L., O'Hearn, K., Oosterlaan, J., Opel, N., Ophoff, R.A., Oranje, B., García De La Foz, V.O., Overs, B.J., Paloyelis, Y., Pantelis, C., Parellada, M., Pauli, P., Picó-Pérez, M., Picon, F.A., Piras, F., Plessen, K.J., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Preda, A., Puig, O., Quidé, Y., Radua, J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Rasser, P.E., Rauer, L., Reddy, J., Redlich, R., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Repple, J., Retico, A., Richarte, V., Richter, A., Rosa, P.G.P., Rubia, K.K., Hashimoto, R., Sacchet, M.D., Salvador, R., Santonja, J., Sarink, K., Sarró, S., Satterthwaite, T.D., Sawa, A., Schall, U., Schofield, P.R., Schrantee, A., Seitz, J., Serpa, M.H., Setién-Suero, E., Shaw, P., Shook, D., Silk, T.J., Sim, K., Simon, S., Simpson, H.B., Singh, A., Skoch, A., Skokauskas, N., Soares, J.C., Soreni, N., Soriano-Mas, C., Spalletta, G., Spaniel, F., Lawrie, S.M., Stern, E.R., Stewart, S.E., Takayanagi, Y., Temmingh, H.S., Tolin, D.F., Tomecek, D., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, D., Tosetti, M., Uhlmann, A., Van Amelsvoort, T., Van Der Wee, N.J.A., Van Der Werff, S.J.A., Van Haren, N.E.M., Van Wingen, G.A., Vance, A., Vázquez-Bourgon, J., Vecchio, D., Venkatasubramanian, G., Vieta, E., Vilarroya, O., Vives-Gilabert, Y., Voineskos, A.N., Völzke, H., Von Polier, G.G., Walton, E., Weickert, T.W., Weickert, C.S., Weideman, A.S., Wittfeld, K., Wolf, D.H., Wu, M.-J., Yang, T.T., Yang, K., Yoncheva, Y., Yun, J.-Y., Cheng, Y., Zanetti, M.V., Ziegler, G.C., Franke, B., Hoogman, M., Buitelaar, J.K., Van Rooij, D., Andreassen, O.A., Ching, C.R.K., Veltman, D.J., Schmaal, L., Stein, D.J., Van Den Heuvel, O.A., Turner, J.A., Van Erp, T.G.M., Pausova, Z., Thompson, P.M., Paus, T., Patel, Y., Parker, N., Shin, J., Howard, D., French, L., Thomopoulos, S.I., Pozzi, E., Abe, Y., Abé, C., Anticevic, A., Alda, M., Aleman, A., Alloza, C., Alonso-Lana, S., Ameis, S.H., Anagnostou, E., McIntosh, A.A., Arango, C., Arnold, P.D., Asherson, P., Assogna, F., Auzias, G., Ayesa-Arriola, R., Bakker, G., Banaj, N., Banaschewski, T., Bandeira, C.E., Baranov, A., Bargalló, N., Bau, C.H.D., Baumeister, S., Baune, B.T., Bellgrove, M.A., Benedetti, F., Bertolino, A., Boedhoe, P.S.W., Boks, M., Bollettini, I., Del Mar Bonnin, C., Borgers, T., Borgwardt, S., Brandeis, D., Brennan, B.P., Bruggemann, J.M., Bülow, R., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calhoun, V.D., Calvo, R., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Carr, V.J., Cascella, N., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Cubillo, A.I., Cullen, K.R., Cupertino, R.B., Daly, E., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C.G., Denys, D., Deruelle, C., Di Giorgio, A., Dickie, E.W., Dima, D., Dohm, K., Ehrlich, S., Ely, B.A., Erwin-Grabner, T., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V., Fatjó-Vilas, M., Fedor, J.M., Fitzgerald, K.D., Ford, J.M., Frodl, T., Fu, C.H.Y., Fullerton, J.M., Gabel, M.C., Glahn, D.C., Roberts, G., Gogberashvili, T., Goikolea, J.M., Gotlib, I.H., Goya-Maldonado, R., Grabe, H.J., Green, M.J., Grevet, E.H., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Guerrero-Pedraza, A., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Haar, S., Haarman, B.C.M., Haavik, J., Hahn, T., Hajek, T., Harrison, B.J., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, C.A., Whalley, H.C., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hilland, E., Hirano, Y., Ho, T.C., Hoekstra, P.J., Hoekstra, L., Hohmann, S., Hong, L.E., Höschl, C., Høvik, M.F., Howells, F.M., Nenadic, I., Jalbrzikowski, M., James, A.C., Janssen, J., Jaspers-Fayer, F., Xu, J., Jonassen, R., Karkashadze, G., King, J.A., Kircher, T., Kirschner, M., Koch, K., Kochunov, P., Kohls, G., Konrad, K., Krämer, B., Krug, A., Kuntsi, J., Kwon, J.S., Landén, M., Landrø, N.I., Lazaro, L., Lebedeva, I.S., Leehr, E.J., Lera-Miguel, S., Lesch, K.-P., Lochner, C., Louza, M.R., Luna, B., Lundervold, A.J., Macmaster, F.P., Maglanoc, L.A., Malpas, C.B., Portella, M.J., Marsh, R., Martyn, F.M., Mataix-Cols, D., Mathalon, D.H., McCarthy, H., McDonald, C., McPhilemy, G., Meinert, S., Menchón, J.M., Minuzzi, L., Mitchell, P.B., Moreno, C., Morgado, P., Muratori, F., Murphy, C.M., Murphy, D., Mwangi, B., Nabulsi, L., Nakagawa, A., Nakamae, T., Namazova, L., Narayanaswamy, J., Jahanshad, N., Nguyen, D.D., Nicolau, R., O'Gorman Tuura, R.L., O'Hearn, K., Oosterlaan, J., Opel, N., Ophoff, R.A., Oranje, B., García De La Foz, V.O., Overs, B.J., Paloyelis, Y., Pantelis, C., Parellada, M., Pauli, P., Picó-Pérez, M., Picon, F.A., Piras, F., Plessen, K.J., Pomarol-Clotet, E., Preda, A., Puig, O., Quidé, Y., Radua, J., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Rasser, P.E., Rauer, L., Reddy, J., Redlich, R., Reif, A., Reneman, L., Repple, J., Retico, A., Richarte, V., Richter, A., Rosa, P.G.P., Rubia, K.K., Hashimoto, R., Sacchet, M.D., Salvador, R., Santonja, J., Sarink, K., Sarró, S., Satterthwaite, T.D., Sawa, A., Schall, U., Schofield, P.R., Schrantee, A., Seitz, J., Serpa, M.H., Setién-Suero, E., Shaw, P., Shook, D., Silk, T.J., Sim, K., Simon, S., Simpson, H.B., Singh, A., Skoch, A., Skokauskas, N., Soares, J.C., Soreni, N., Soriano-Mas, C., Spalletta, G., Spaniel, F., Lawrie, S.M., Stern, E.R., Stewart, S.E., Takayanagi, Y., Temmingh, H.S., Tolin, D.F., Tomecek, D., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, D., Tosetti, M., Uhlmann, A., Van Amelsvoort, T., Van Der Wee, N.J.A., Van Der Werff, S.J.A., Van Haren, N.E.M., Van Wingen, G.A., Vance, A., Vázquez-Bourgon, J., Vecchio, D., Venkatasubramanian, G., Vieta, E., Vilarroya, O., Vives-Gilabert, Y., Voineskos, A.N., Völzke, H., Von Polier, G.G., Walton, E., Weickert, T.W., Weickert, C.S., Weideman, A.S., Wittfeld, K., Wolf, D.H., Wu, M.-J., Yang, T.T., Yang, K., Yoncheva, Y., Yun, J.-Y., Cheng, Y., Zanetti, M.V., Ziegler, G.C., Franke, B., Hoogman, M., Buitelaar, J.K., Van Rooij, D., Andreassen, O.A., Ching, C.R.K., Veltman, D.J., Schmaal, L., Stein, D.J., Van Den Heuvel, O.A., Turner, J.A., Van Erp, T.G.M., Pausova, Z., Thompson, P.M., and Paus, T.
Abstract: Importance Large-scale neuroimaging studies have revealed group differences in cortical thickness across many psychiatric disorders. The underlying neurobiology behind these differences is not well understood. Objective To determine neurobiologic correlates of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls in 6 disorders: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. Design, Setting, and Participants Profiles of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Similarity between interregional profiles of cell-specific gene expression and those in the group differences in cortical thickness were investigated in each disorder. Next, principal component analysis was used to reveal a shared profile of group difference in thickness across the disorders. Analysis for gene coexpression, clustering, and enrichment for genes associated with these disorders were conducted. Data analysis was conducted between June and December 2019. The analysis included 145 cohorts across 6 psychiatric disorders drawn from the ENIGMA consortium. The numbers of cases and controls in each of the 6 disorders were as follows: ADHD: 1814 and 1602; ASD: 1748 and 1770; BD: 1547 and 3405; MDD: 2658 and 3572; OCD: 2266 and 2007; and schizophrenia: 2688 and 3244. Main Outcomes and Measures Interregional profiles of group difference in cortical thickness between cases and controls. Results A total of 12 721 cases and 15 600 controls, ranging from ages 2 to 89 years, were included in this study. Interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness for each of the 6 psychiatric disorders were associated with profiles of gene expression specific to pyramidal (CA1) cells, astrocytes (except for BD), and microglia (exce
Published: 2021
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30. The hippocampus in major depression: evidence for the convergence of the bench and bedside in psychiatric research?

Author: MacQueen, G and Frodl, T
Published: 2011
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31. Effects of a Cognitive Bias Modification Training on Resting State EEG Microstates in Patients with MDD and Healthy Controls.

Author: Kesik, J., Kratochwil, Z., Keskin-Gökcelli, D., Müller, B., and Frodl, T.
Subjects: COGNITIVE therapy, PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, COGNITIVE bias, MENTAL depression, ATTENTIONAL bias, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
Abstract: Introduction: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with a high burden of disease and notable economic costs. Standard treatments (e.g. medication or cognitive therapy) have been shown to be effective, but some patients remain unresponsive. With the knowledge that MDD patients have been shown to display an attentional cognitive bias towards negative stimuli, Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM)-training to focus attention on positive information is thought to improve emotional processing and depressive symptoms. Some studies imply reduced duration and occurrence of microstate D in MDD compared to healthy controls. However, the effect of CBM on microstates is still unclear. Objectives: (1) To replicate previous findings that duration and occurrence of microstate D is reduced in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls in an independent sample and (2) to investigate the effect of an active CBM-training versus a control-training on microstates and its association with symptom improvements. Methods: Thirty patients receiving outpatient treatment with MDD according to DSM V (aged 18-60) will be recruited in Essen and Aachen. The control group will consist of 30 healthy age-and-sex-matched participants. Psychological testing will be administered and all participants will be randomized to either an active or a control training. During the next visit, resting state EEG and a GoNoGo Task with positive, neutral and negative pictures will be measured. The participants will take a tablet home to undergo 10 sessions of CBM within 14 days. The training will be consisted of a dot-probe-task. In the active condition the probe will be more likely to appear behind a positive versus a neutral picture, while appearing randomly in the control condition. After 14 days, a second EEG will be recorded. Results: Differences in duration and occurrence of microstate D between patients and healthy controls will be analyzed by conducting ANCOVAs with age and sex as covariates. ANCOVAs for repeated measurements will be calculated to study effects of time (pre- vs. post-training) and group (patients vs. healthy controls in active training; patients in active vs. patients in control-training), on duration and occurrence of microstate D. Conclusions: CBM-training is proposed to be an effective treatment option for MDD patients, reflected in a reduced topographical bias of microstate D in EEG. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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32. Reduced gray matter brain volumes are associated with variants of the serotonin transporter gene in major depression

Author: Frodl, T, Koutsouleris, N, Bottlender, R, Born, C, Jäger, M, Mörgenthaler, M, Scheuerecker, J, Zill, P, Baghai, T, Schüle, C, Rupprecht, R, Bondy, B, Reiser, M, Möller, H-J, and Meisenzahl, E M
Published: 2008
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33. Subcortical brain volume, regional cortical thickness, and cortical surface area across disorders: Findings from the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups

Author: Boedhoe, P.S., Rooij, D. van, Hoogman, M., Twisk, J.W.R., Schmaal, L., Abe, Y., Alonso, P., Ameis, S.H., Anikin, A., Anticevic, A., Arango, C., Arnold, P.D., Asherson, P., Assogna, F., Auzias, G., Banaschewski, T., Baranov, A., Batistuzzo, M.C., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Behrmann, M., Bellgrove, M.A., Benedetti, F. De, Beucke, J.C., Biederman, J., Bollettini, I., Bose, A., Bralten, J., Bramati, I.E., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Brennan, B.P., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calvo, A., Calvo, R., Castellanos, F.X., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chantiluke, K.C., Cheng, Y., Cho, K.I.K., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Cubillo, A.I., Dale, A.M., Dallaspezia, S., Daly, E., Denys, D., Deruelle, C., Martino, A, Dinstein, I., Doyle, A.E., Durston, S., Earl, E.A., Ecker, C., Ehrlich, S., Ely, B.A., Epstein, J.N., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V, Fedor, J., Feng, X., Feusner, J.D., Fitzgerald, J., Fitzgerald, K.D., Fouche, J.P., Freitag, C.M., Fridgeirsson, E.A., Frodl, T., Gabel, M.C., Gallagher, L., Gogberashvili, T., Gori, I., Gruner, P., Gürsel, D.A., Haar, S., Haavik, J., Hall, G.B., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, Catharina A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hirano, Y., Hoekstra, P.J., Hoexter, M.Q., Hohmann, S., Høvik, M.F., Hu, H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., Jalbrzikowski, M., James, A., Janssen, J, Jaspers-Fayer, F., Jernigan, T.L., Kapilushniy, D., Kardatzki, B., Buitelaar, J.K., Franke, B., Heuvel, O.A. van den, Boedhoe, P.S., Rooij, D. van, Hoogman, M., Twisk, J.W.R., Schmaal, L., Abe, Y., Alonso, P., Ameis, S.H., Anikin, A., Anticevic, A., Arango, C., Arnold, P.D., Asherson, P., Assogna, F., Auzias, G., Banaschewski, T., Baranov, A., Batistuzzo, M.C., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Behrmann, M., Bellgrove, M.A., Benedetti, F. De, Beucke, J.C., Biederman, J., Bollettini, I., Bose, A., Bralten, J., Bramati, I.E., Brandeis, D., Brem, S., Brennan, B.P., Busatto, G.F., Calderoni, S., Calvo, A., Calvo, R., Castellanos, F.X., Cercignani, M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chantiluke, K.C., Cheng, Y., Cho, K.I.K., Christakou, A., Coghill, D., Conzelmann, A., Cubillo, A.I., Dale, A.M., Dallaspezia, S., Daly, E., Denys, D., Deruelle, C., Martino, A, Dinstein, I., Doyle, A.E., Durston, S., Earl, E.A., Ecker, C., Ehrlich, S., Ely, B.A., Epstein, J.N., Ethofer, T., Fair, D.A., Fallgatter, A.J., Faraone, S.V, Fedor, J., Feng, X., Feusner, J.D., Fitzgerald, J., Fitzgerald, K.D., Fouche, J.P., Freitag, C.M., Fridgeirsson, E.A., Frodl, T., Gabel, M.C., Gallagher, L., Gogberashvili, T., Gori, I., Gruner, P., Gürsel, D.A., Haar, S., Haavik, J., Hall, G.B., Harrison, N.A., Hartman, Catharina A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hirano, Y., Hoekstra, P.J., Hoexter, M.Q., Hohmann, S., Høvik, M.F., Hu, H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., Jalbrzikowski, M., James, A., Janssen, J, Jaspers-Fayer, F., Jernigan, T.L., Kapilushniy, D., Kardatzki, B., Buitelaar, J.K., Franke, B., and Heuvel, O.A. van den
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 225388.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access), OBJECTIVE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders using structural brain imaging data from ENIGMA consortium data. METHODS: Structural T(1)-weighted whole-brain MRI data from healthy control subjects (N=5,827) and from patients with ADHD (N=2,271), ASD (N=1,777), and OCD (N=2,323) from 151 cohorts worldwide were analyzed using standardized processing protocols. The authors examined subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area differences within a mega-analytical framework, pooling measures extracted from each cohort. Analyses were performed separately for children, adolescents, and adults, using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for age, sex, and site (and intracranial volume for subcortical and surface area measures). RESULTS: No shared differences were found among all three disorders, and shared differences between any two disorders did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Children with ADHD compared with those with OCD had smaller hippocampal volumes, possibly influenced by IQ. Children and adolescents with ADHD also had smaller intracranial volume than control subjects and those with OCD or ASD. Adults with ASD showed thicker frontal cortices compared with adult control subjects and other clinical groups. No OCD-specific differences were observed across different age groups and surface area differences among all disorders in childhood and adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest robust but subtle differences across different age groups among ADHD, ASD, and OCD. ADHD-specific intracranial volume and hippocampal differences in children and adolescents, and ASD-specific cortical thickness differences in the frontal cortex in adults, support previous work emphasizing structural brain differences in these disorders.
Published: 2020

34. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3–90 years

Author: Dima, D. (Danai), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L., Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), van't Ent, D. (Dennis), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Dima, D. (Danai), Modabbernia, A. (Amirhossein), Papachristou, E. (Efstathios), Doucet, G.E. (Gaelle E.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Akudjedu, T.N. (Theophilus N.), Albajes-Eizagirre, A. (Anton), Alnæs, D. (Dag), Alpert, K. (Kathryn), Andersson, M. (Micael), Andreasen, N.C. (Nancy C.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Asherson, P. (Philip), Banaschewski, T. (Tobias), Bargallo, N. (Nuria), Baumeister, S. (Sarah), Baur-Streubel, R. (Ramona), Bertolino, A. (Alessandro), Bonvino, A. (Aurora), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Borgwardt, S. (Stefan), Bourque, J. (Josiane), Brandeis, D. (Daniel), Breier, A. (Alan), Brodaty, H. (Henry), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan K.), Busatto, G.F. (Geraldo F.), Buckner, M., Calhoun, V.D. (Vince), Canales-Rodríguez, E.J. (Erick J.), Cannon, D.M. (Dara M.), Caseras, X. (Xavier), Castellanos, F.X. (Francisco X.), Cervenka, S. (Simon), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Chubar, V. (Victoria), Clark, V.P. (Vincent P.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), Conzelmann, A. (Annette), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crivello, F. (Fabrice), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dale, A.M. (Anders), Davey, C.G. (Christopher), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Haan, L. (Lieuwe) de, Zubicaray, G.I. (Greig) de, Braber, A. (Anouk) den, Dickie, E.W. (Erin W.), Di Giorgio, A. (Annabella), Doan, N.T. (Nhat Trung), Dørum, E.S. (Erlend S.), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Erk, S., Espeseth, T. (Thomas), Fatouros-Bergman, H. (Helena), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Franke, B. (Barbara), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Fuentes-Claramonte, P. (Paola), Glahn, D.C. (David), Gotlib, I.H. (Ian H.), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grimm, O. (Oliver), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gruber, O. (Oliver), Gruner, P. (Patricia), Gur, R.E. (Rachel E.), Gur, R.C. (Ruben C.), Harrison, B.J. (Ben J.), Hartman, C.A. (Catharine A.), Hatton, W., Heinz, A. (Andreas), Heslenfeld, D.J. (Dirk), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hickie, I.B. (Ian), Ho, B.-C. (Beng-Choon), Hoekstra, P.J. (Pieter), Hohmann, S. (Sarah), Holmes, A.J. (Avram J.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Howells, F.M. (Fleur M.), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Huyser, J. (Jochanan), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), James, A., Jernigan, T.L. (Terry L.), Jiang, J. (Jiyang), Jönsson, E.G. (Erik G.), Joska, J.A. (John A.), Kahn, R. (Rene), Kalnin, A. (Andrew), Kanai, R. (Ryota), Klein, M. (Marieke), Klyushnik, T.P. (Tatyana P.), Koenders, L. (Laura), Koops, S. (Sanne), Krämer, B. (Bernd), Kuntsi, J. (Jonna), Lagopoulos, J. (Jim), Lázaro, L. (Luisa), Lebedeva, I. (Irina), Lee, W.H. (Won Hee), Lesch, K.-P. (Klaus-Peter), Lochner, C. (Christine), Machielsen, M.W.J. (Marise), Maingault, S. (Sophie), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas G.), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), Mataix-Cols, D. (David), Mazoyer, B. (Bernard), McDonald, C. (Colm), McDonald, B.C. (Brenna C.), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McMahon, K.L. (Katie L.), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Meyer-Lindenberg, A. (Andreas), Naaijen, J. (Jilly), Najt, P. (Pablo), Nakao, T. (Tomohiro), Nordvik, J.E. (Jan E.), Nyberg, L., Oosterlaan, J. (Jaap), de la Foz, V.O.-G. (Víctor Ortiz-García), Paloyelis, Y. (Yannis), Pauli, P. (Paul), Pergola, G. (Giulio), Pomarol-Clotet, E. (Edith), Portella, M.J. (Maria J.), Potkin, S.G. (Steven G.), Radua, J. (Joaquim), Reif, A. (Andreas), Rinker, D.A. (Daniel A.), Roffman, J.L. (Joshua), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G. P.), Sacchet, M.D. (Matthew D.), Sachdev, P.S. (Perminder), Salvador, R. (Raymond), Sánchez-Juan, P. (Pascual), Sarró, S. (Salvador), Satterthwaite, T.D. (Theodore), Saykin, A.J. (Andrew), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schnell, K. (Kerry), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Sim, K. (Kang), Smoller, J.W., Sommer, I. (Iris), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Strike, L.T. (Lachlan), Swagerman, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Tamnes, C.K. (Christian K.), Temmingh, H.S. (Henk S.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Trollor, J., Turner, J.A. (Jessica A.), Uhlmann, A. (Anne), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), van den Meer, D. (Dennis), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E. M.), van't Ent, D. (Dennis), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Voineskos, A. (Aristotle), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walter, H. (Henrik), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Wang, Y. (Yang), Wassink, A.M.J. (Annemarie), Weber, B. (Bernd), Wen, W. (Wei), West, J.D. (John D.), Westlye, L.T. (Lars), Whalley, H. (Heather), Wierenga, L.M. (Lara M.), Williams, S.C.R. (Steven C. R.), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wolf, D.H. (Daniel H.), Worker, A. (Amanda), Wright, M.J. (Margaret J.), Yang, K. (Kun), Yoncheva, Y. (Yulyia), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Ziegler, G.C. (Georg C.), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), and Frangou, S. (Sophia)
Abstract: Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3–90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.
Published: 2020
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35. ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries

Author: Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Salminen, L.E. (Lauren E.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Bright, J. (Joanna), Baune, B.T., Bertolín, S. (Sara), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Bruin, W.B. (Willem B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Chen, J. (Jian), Chye, Y. (Yann), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), de Kovel, C.G.F. (Carolien G F), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Eyler, L.T. (Lisa T.), Faraone, S.V. (Stephen), Favre, P. (Pauline), Filippi, C.A. (Courtney A.), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Garijo, D. (Daniel), Gil, Y. (Yolanda), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grasby, K.L. (Katrina L.), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Han, L.K.M. (Laura K M), Hatton, W., Hilbert, K. (Kevin), Ho, T.C. (Tiffany C.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Houenou, J. (Josselin), Ivanov, I. (Iliyan), Jia, T. (Tianye), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Klein, M. (Marieke), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Laansma, M.A. (Max A.), Leerssen, J. (Jeanne), Lueken, U. (Ulrike), Nunes, A. (Abraham), Neill, J.O. (Joseph O'), Opel, N. (Nils), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Piras, F. (Federica), Postema, M.C. (Merel C.), Pozzi, E. (Elena), Shatokhina, N. (Natalia), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), Sun, D. (Daqiang), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Tilot, A.K. (Amanda K.), Tozzi, L. (Leonardo), van der Merwe, C. (Celia), Someren, E.J.W. (Eus) van, van Wingen, G.A. (Guido A.), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Zhang, G. (Guohao), Zhang-James, Y. (Yanli), Adhikari, B.M. (Bhim M.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Aleman, A. (André), Althoff, R.R. (Robert R.), Altmann, A. (A.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Baron, D.A. (David A.), Bartnik-Olson, B.L. (Brenda L.), Marie Bas-Hoogendam, J. (Janna), Baskin-Sommers, A.R. (Arielle R.), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Berner, L.A. (Laura A.), Boedhoe, P.S.W. (Premika S W), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Caeyenberghs, K. (Karen), Cecil, C.A.M. (Charlotte), Cohen, R.A. (Ronald A.), Cole, J.H. (James H.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), De Brito, S.A. (Stephane A.), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M C), Dennis, E.L. (Emily L.), Desrivieres, S. (Sylvane), Dima, D. (Danai), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Esopenko, C. (Carrie), Fairchild, G. (Graeme), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Franke, B. (Barbara), Garavan, H.P. (Hugh P.), Glahn, D.C. (David), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Hahn, T. (Tim), Harding, I.H. (Ian H.), Hernaus, D. (Dennis), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hillary, F.G. (Frank G.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Jalbrzikowski, M. (Maria), Karkashadze, G.A. (George A.), Klapwijk, E.T. (Eduard T.), Knickmeyer, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koerte, I.K. (Inga K.), Kong, X.-Z. (Xiang-Zhen), Liew, S.-L. (Sook-Lei), Lin, A.P. (Alexander P.), Logue, M.W. (Mark W.), Luders, E. (Eileen), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mackey, S. (Scott), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), McDonald, C.R. (Carrie R.), McMahon, A.B. (Agnes B.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Modinos, G. (Gemma), Morey, R.A. (Rajendra A.), Mueller, S.C. (Sven C.), Mukherjee, P. (Pratik), Namazova-Baranova, L. (L.), Nir, T.M. (Talia M.), Olsen, A. (Alexander), Paschou, P. (Peristera), Pine, D.S. (Daniel S.), Pizzagalli, F. (Fabrizio), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Shiroishi, M.S. (Mark S.), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smit, D.J.A. (Dirk J A), Sønderby, I.E. (Ida E.), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Stein, J.L., Tahmasian, M. (Masoud), Tate, D.F. (David F.), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van der Werf, Y.D. (Ysbrand), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E M), van Rooij, D. (Daan), Van Velzen, L.S., Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Villalon-Reina, J.E. (Julio E.), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Wilde, E.A. (Elisabeth A.), Zarei, M. (Mojtaba), Zelman, V. (Vladimir), Thompson, P.M. (Paul), Jahanshad, N. (Neda), Ching, C.R.K. (Christopher), Salminen, L.E. (Lauren E.), Thomopoulos, S.I. (Sophia I.), Bright, J. (Joanna), Baune, B.T., Bertolín, S. (Sara), Bralten, L.B.C. (Linda), Bruin, W.B. (Willem B.), Bülow, R. (Robin), Chen, J. (Jian), Chye, Y. (Yann), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), de Kovel, C.G.F. (Carolien G F), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Eyler, L.T. (Lisa T.), Faraone, S.V. (Stephen), Favre, P. (Pauline), Filippi, C.A. (Courtney A.), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Garijo, D. (Daniel), Gil, Y. (Yolanda), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Grasby, K.L. (Katrina L.), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Han, L.K.M. (Laura K M), Hatton, W., Hilbert, K. (Kevin), Ho, T.C. (Tiffany C.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Homuth, G. (Georg), Hosten, N. (Norbert), Houenou, J. (Josselin), Ivanov, I. (Iliyan), Jia, T. (Tianye), Kelly, S. (Sinead), Klein, M. (Marieke), Kwon, J.S. (Jun Soo), Laansma, M.A. (Max A.), Leerssen, J. (Jeanne), Lueken, U. (Ulrike), Nunes, A. (Abraham), Neill, J.O. (Joseph O'), Opel, N. (Nils), Piras, F. (Fabrizio), Piras, F. (Federica), Postema, M.C. (Merel C.), Pozzi, E. (Elena), Shatokhina, N. (Natalia), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Spalletta, G. (Gianfranco), Sun, D. (Daqiang), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Tilot, A.K. (Amanda K.), Tozzi, L. (Leonardo), van der Merwe, C. (Celia), Someren, E.J.W. (Eus) van, van Wingen, G.A. (Guido A.), Völzke, H. (Henry), Walton, E. (Esther), Wang, L. (Lei), Winkler, A.M. (Anderson), Wittfeld, K. (Katharina), Wright, M.J. (Margaret), Yun, J.-Y. (Je-Yeon), Zhang, G. (Guohao), Zhang-James, Y. (Yanli), Adhikari, B.M. (Bhim M.), Agartz, I. (Ingrid), Aghajani, M. (Moji), Aleman, A. (André), Althoff, R.R. (Robert R.), Altmann, A. (A.), Andreassen, O.A. (Ole), Baron, D.A. (David A.), Bartnik-Olson, B.L. (Brenda L.), Marie Bas-Hoogendam, J. (Janna), Baskin-Sommers, A.R. (Arielle R.), Bearden, C.E. (Carrie), Berner, L.A. (Laura A.), Boedhoe, P.S.W. (Premika S W), Brouwer, R.M. (Rachel), Buitelaar, J.K. (Jan), Caeyenberghs, K. (Karen), Cecil, C.A.M. (Charlotte), Cohen, R.A. (Ronald A.), Cole, J.H. (James H.), Conrod, P. (Patricia), De Brito, S.A. (Stephane A.), de Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M C), Dennis, E.L. (Emily L.), Desrivieres, S. (Sylvane), Dima, D. (Danai), Ehrlich, S.M. (Stefan), Esopenko, C. (Carrie), Fairchild, G. (Graeme), Fisher, S.E. (Simon), Fouche, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Francks, C. (Clyde), Frangou, S. (Sophia), Franke, B. (Barbara), Garavan, H.P. (Hugh P.), Glahn, D.C. (David), Groenewold, N.A. (Nynke A.), Gurholt, T.P. (Tiril P.), Gutman, B.A. (Boris A.), Hahn, T. (Tim), Harding, I.H. (Ian H.), Hernaus, D. (Dennis), Hibar, D.P. (Derrek P.), Hillary, F.G. (Frank G.), Hoogman, M. (Martine), Hulshoff Pol, H.E. (Hilleke E.), Jalbrzikowski, M. (Maria), Karkashadze, G.A. (George A.), Klapwijk, E.T. (Eduard T.), Knickmeyer, R.C. (Rebecca C.), Kochunov, P. (Peter), Koerte, I.K. (Inga K.), Kong, X.-Z. (Xiang-Zhen), Liew, S.-L. (Sook-Lei), Lin, A.P. (Alexander P.), Logue, M.W. (Mark W.), Luders, E. (Eileen), Macciardi, F. (Fabio), Mackey, S. (Scott), Mayer, A.R. (Andrew R.), McDonald, C.R. (Carrie R.), McMahon, A.B. (Agnes B.), Medland, S.E. (Sarah), Modinos, G. (Gemma), Morey, R.A. (Rajendra A.), Mueller, S.C. (Sven C.), Mukherjee, P. (Pratik), Namazova-Baranova, L. (L.), Nir, T.M. (Talia M.), Olsen, A. (Alexander), Paschou, P. (Peristera), Pine, D.S. (Daniel S.), Pizzagalli, F. (Fabrizio), Rentería, M.E. (Miguel), Rohrer, J.D. (Jonathan D.), Sämann, P.G. (Philipp), Schmaal, L. (Lianne), Schumann, G. (Gunter), Shiroishi, M.S. (Mark S.), Sisodiya, S.M. (Sanjay), Smit, D.J.A. (Dirk J A), Sønderby, I.E. (Ida E.), Stein, D.J. (Dan J.), Stein, J.L., Tahmasian, M. (Masoud), Tate, D.F. (David F.), Turner, J. (Jessica), Heuvel, O.A. (Odile A.), Wee, N.J. (Nic) van der, van der Werf, Y.D. (Ysbrand), Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E M), van Rooij, D. (Daan), Van Velzen, L.S., Veer, I.M. (Ilya), Veltman, D.J. (Dick), Villalon-Reina, J.E. (Julio E.), Walter, H.J. (Henrik), Whelan, C.D. (Christopher), Wilde, E.A. (Elisabeth A.), Zarei, M. (Mojtaba), and Zelman, V. (Vladimir)
Abstract: This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.
Published: 2020
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36. ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries

Author: Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Ching, CRK, Salminen, LE, Thomopoulos, SI, Bright, J, Baune, BT, Bertolin, S, Bralten, J, Bruin, WB, Buelow, R, Chen, J, Chye, Y, Dannlowski, U, de Kovel, CGF, Donohoe, G, Eyler, LT, Faraone, SV, Favre, P, Filippi, CA, Frodl, T, Garijo, D, Gil, Y, Grabe, HJ, Grasby, KL, Hajek, T, Han, LKM, Hatton, SN, Hilbert, K, Ho, TC, Holleran, L, Homuth, G, Hosten, N, Houenou, J, Ivanov, I, Jia, T, Kelly, S, Klein, M, Kwon, JS, Laansma, MA, Leerssen, J, Lueken, U, Nunes, A, Neill, JO, Opel, N, Piras, F, Postema, MC, Pozzi, E, Shatokhina, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Sun, D, Teumer, A, Tilot, AK, Tozzi, L, van der Merwe, C, Van Someren, EJW, van Wingen, GA, Voelzke, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Winkler, AM, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Yun, J-Y, Zhang, G, Zhang-James, Y, Adhikari, BM, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Althoff, RR, Altmann, A, Andreassen, OA, Baron, DA, Bartnik-Olson, BL, Bas-Hoogendam, J, Baskin-Sommers, AR, Bearden, CE, Berner, LA, Boedhoe, PSW, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Caeyenberghs, K, Cecil, CAM, Cohen, RA, Cole, JH, Conrod, PJ, De Brito, SA, de Zwarte, SMC, Dennis, EL, Desrivieres, S, Dima, D, Ehrlich, S, Esopenko, C, Fairchild, G, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Francks, C, Frangou, S, Franke, B, Garavan, HP, Glahn, DC, Groenewold, NA, Gurholt, TP, Gutman, BA, Hahn, T, Harding, IH, Hernaus, D, Hibar, DP, Hillary, FG, Hoogman, M, Pol, HE, Jalbrzikowski, M, Karkashadze, GA, Klapwijk, ET, Knickmeyer, RC, Kochunov, P, Koerte, IK, Kong, X-Z, Liew, S-L, Lin, AP, Logue, MW, Luders, E, Macciardi, F, Mackey, S, Mayer, AR, McDonald, CR, McMahon, AB, Medland, SE, Modinos, G, Morey, RA, Mueller, SC, Mukherjee, P, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nir, TM, Olsen, A, Paschou, P, Pine, DS, Pizzagalli, F, Renteria, ME, Rohrer, JD, Saemann, PG, Schmaal, L, Schumann, G, Shiroishi, MS, Sisodiya, SM, Smit, DJA, Sonderby, IE, Stein, DJ, Stein, JL, Tahmasian, M, Tate, DF, Turner, JA, van den Heuvel, OA, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werf, YD, van Erp, TGM, van Haren, NEM, van Rooij, D, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Villalon-Reina, JE, Walter, H, Whelan, CD, Wilde, EA, Zarei, M, Zelman, V, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Ching, CRK, Salminen, LE, Thomopoulos, SI, Bright, J, Baune, BT, Bertolin, S, Bralten, J, Bruin, WB, Buelow, R, Chen, J, Chye, Y, Dannlowski, U, de Kovel, CGF, Donohoe, G, Eyler, LT, Faraone, SV, Favre, P, Filippi, CA, Frodl, T, Garijo, D, Gil, Y, Grabe, HJ, Grasby, KL, Hajek, T, Han, LKM, Hatton, SN, Hilbert, K, Ho, TC, Holleran, L, Homuth, G, Hosten, N, Houenou, J, Ivanov, I, Jia, T, Kelly, S, Klein, M, Kwon, JS, Laansma, MA, Leerssen, J, Lueken, U, Nunes, A, Neill, JO, Opel, N, Piras, F, Postema, MC, Pozzi, E, Shatokhina, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Sun, D, Teumer, A, Tilot, AK, Tozzi, L, van der Merwe, C, Van Someren, EJW, van Wingen, GA, Voelzke, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Winkler, AM, Wittfeld, K, Wright, MJ, Yun, J-Y, Zhang, G, Zhang-James, Y, Adhikari, BM, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Aleman, A, Althoff, RR, Altmann, A, Andreassen, OA, Baron, DA, Bartnik-Olson, BL, Bas-Hoogendam, J, Baskin-Sommers, AR, Bearden, CE, Berner, LA, Boedhoe, PSW, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Caeyenberghs, K, Cecil, CAM, Cohen, RA, Cole, JH, Conrod, PJ, De Brito, SA, de Zwarte, SMC, Dennis, EL, Desrivieres, S, Dima, D, Ehrlich, S, Esopenko, C, Fairchild, G, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Francks, C, Frangou, S, Franke, B, Garavan, HP, Glahn, DC, Groenewold, NA, Gurholt, TP, Gutman, BA, Hahn, T, Harding, IH, Hernaus, D, Hibar, DP, Hillary, FG, Hoogman, M, Pol, HE, Jalbrzikowski, M, Karkashadze, GA, Klapwijk, ET, Knickmeyer, RC, Kochunov, P, Koerte, IK, Kong, X-Z, Liew, S-L, Lin, AP, Logue, MW, Luders, E, Macciardi, F, Mackey, S, Mayer, AR, McDonald, CR, McMahon, AB, Medland, SE, Modinos, G, Morey, RA, Mueller, SC, Mukherjee, P, Namazova-Baranova, L, Nir, TM, Olsen, A, Paschou, P, Pine, DS, Pizzagalli, F, Renteria, ME, Rohrer, JD, Saemann, PG, Schmaal, L, Schumann, G, Shiroishi, MS, Sisodiya, SM, Smit, DJA, Sonderby, IE, Stein, DJ, Stein, JL, Tahmasian, M, Tate, DF, Turner, JA, van den Heuvel, OA, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werf, YD, van Erp, TGM, van Haren, NEM, van Rooij, D, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Villalon-Reina, JE, Walter, H, Whelan, CD, Wilde, EA, Zarei, M, and Zelman, V
Abstract: This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.
Published: 2020

37. Brain structural correlates of insomnia severity in 1053 individuals with major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA MDD working group

Author: Leerssen, J, Blanken, TF, Pozzi, E, Jahanshad, N, Aftanas, L, Andreassen, OA, Baune, BT, Ching, CRK, Dannlowski, U, Frodl, T, Godlewska, BR, Gotlib, IH, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Jaworska, N, Kircher, T, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Li, M, MacMaster, FP, McIntosh, AM, Mwangi, B, Osipov, E, Portella, MJ, Sacchet, MD, Samann, PG, Simulionyte, E, Soares, JC, Walter, M, Whalley, HC, Veltman, DJ, Thompson, PM, Schmaal, L, Van Someren, EJW, Leerssen, J, Blanken, TF, Pozzi, E, Jahanshad, N, Aftanas, L, Andreassen, OA, Baune, BT, Ching, CRK, Dannlowski, U, Frodl, T, Godlewska, BR, Gotlib, IH, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Jaworska, N, Kircher, T, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Li, M, MacMaster, FP, McIntosh, AM, Mwangi, B, Osipov, E, Portella, MJ, Sacchet, MD, Samann, PG, Simulionyte, E, Soares, JC, Walter, M, Whalley, HC, Veltman, DJ, Thompson, PM, Schmaal, L, and Van Someren, EJW
Published: 2020

38. ENIGMA MDD: seven years of global neuroimaging studies of major depression through worldwide data sharing

Author: Schmaal, L, Pozzi, E, Ho, TC, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Opel, N, Van Someren, EJW, Han, LKM, Aftanas, L, Aleman, A, Baune, BT, Berger, K, Blanken, TF, Capitao, L, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Dannlowski, U, Davey, C, Erwin-Grabner, T, Evans, J, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Godlewska, B, Gotlib, IH, Goya-Maldonado, R, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gutman, BA, Hall, GB, Harrison, BJ, Hatton, SN, Hermesdorf, M, Hickie, IB, Hilland, E, Irungu, B, Jonassen, R, Kelly, S, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Krug, A, Landro, NI, Lagopoulos, J, Leerssen, J, Li, M, Linden, DEJ, MacMaster, FP, McIntosh, AM, Mehler, DMA, Nenadic, I, Penninx, BWJH, Portella, MJ, Reneman, L, Renteria, ME, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schrantee, A, Sim, K, Soares, JC, Stein, DJ, Tozzi, L, van Der Wee, NJA, van Tol, M-J, Vermeiren, R, Vives-Gilabert, Y, Walter, H, Walter, M, Whalley, HC, Wittfeld, K, Whittle, S, Wright, MJ, Yang, TT, Zarate, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Schmaal, L, Pozzi, E, Ho, TC, van Velzen, LS, Veer, IM, Opel, N, Van Someren, EJW, Han, LKM, Aftanas, L, Aleman, A, Baune, BT, Berger, K, Blanken, TF, Capitao, L, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Dannlowski, U, Davey, C, Erwin-Grabner, T, Evans, J, Frodl, T, Fu, CHY, Godlewska, B, Gotlib, IH, Goya-Maldonado, R, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gutman, BA, Hall, GB, Harrison, BJ, Hatton, SN, Hermesdorf, M, Hickie, IB, Hilland, E, Irungu, B, Jonassen, R, Kelly, S, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Krug, A, Landro, NI, Lagopoulos, J, Leerssen, J, Li, M, Linden, DEJ, MacMaster, FP, McIntosh, AM, Mehler, DMA, Nenadic, I, Penninx, BWJH, Portella, MJ, Reneman, L, Renteria, ME, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schrantee, A, Sim, K, Soares, JC, Stein, DJ, Tozzi, L, van Der Wee, NJA, van Tol, M-J, Vermeiren, R, Vives-Gilabert, Y, Walter, H, Walter, M, Whalley, HC, Wittfeld, K, Whittle, S, Wright, MJ, Yang, TT, Zarate, C, Thomopoulos, SI, Jahanshad, N, Thompson, PM, and Veltman, DJ
Abstract: A key objective in the field of translational psychiatry over the past few decades has been to identify the brain correlates of major depressive disorder (MDD). Identifying measurable indicators of brain processes associated with MDD could facilitate the detection of individuals at risk, and the development of novel treatments, the monitoring of treatment effects, and predicting who might benefit most from treatments that target specific brain mechanisms. However, despite intensive neuroimaging research towards this effort, underpowered studies and a lack of reproducible findings have hindered progress. Here, we discuss the work of the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Consortium, which was established to address issues of poor replication, unreliable results, and overestimation of effect sizes in previous studies. The ENIGMA MDD Consortium currently includes data from 45 MDD study cohorts from 14 countries across six continents. The primary aim of ENIGMA MDD is to identify structural and functional brain alterations associated with MDD that can be reliably detected and replicated across cohorts worldwide. A secondary goal is to investigate how demographic, genetic, clinical, psychological, and environmental factors affect these associations. In this review, we summarize findings of the ENIGMA MDD disease working group to date and discuss future directions. We also highlight the challenges and benefits of large-scale data sharing for mental health research.
Published: 2020

39. Interactive impact of childhood maltreatment, depression, and age on cortical brain structure: mega-analytic findings from a large multi-site cohort

Author: Tozzi, L, Garczarek, L, Janowitz, D, Stein, DJ, Wittfeld, K, Dobrowolny, H, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Carballedo, A, Brooks, SJ, Vuletic, D, Uhlmann, A, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Buelow, R, Voelzke, H, Klinger-Koenig, J, Schnell, K, Schoepf, D, Grotegerd, D, Opel, N, Dannlowski, U, Kugel, H, Schramm, E, Konrad, C, Kircher, T, Jueksel, DI, Nenadic, I, Krug, A, Hahn, T, Steinstraeter, O, Redlich, R, Zaremba, D, Zurowski, B, Fu, CHY, Dima, D, Cole, J, Grabe, HJ, Connolly, CG, Yang, TT, Ho, TC, Lewinn, KZ, Li, M, Groenewold, NA, Salminen, LE, Walter, M, Simmons, AN, van Erp, TGM, Jahanshad, N, Baune, BT, van der Wee, NJA, van Tol, M-J, Penninx, BWJH, Hibar, DP, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Schmaal, L, Frodl, T, Tozzi, L, Garczarek, L, Janowitz, D, Stein, DJ, Wittfeld, K, Dobrowolny, H, Lagopoulos, J, Hatton, SN, Hickie, IB, Carballedo, A, Brooks, SJ, Vuletic, D, Uhlmann, A, Veer, IM, Walter, H, Buelow, R, Voelzke, H, Klinger-Koenig, J, Schnell, K, Schoepf, D, Grotegerd, D, Opel, N, Dannlowski, U, Kugel, H, Schramm, E, Konrad, C, Kircher, T, Jueksel, DI, Nenadic, I, Krug, A, Hahn, T, Steinstraeter, O, Redlich, R, Zaremba, D, Zurowski, B, Fu, CHY, Dima, D, Cole, J, Grabe, HJ, Connolly, CG, Yang, TT, Ho, TC, Lewinn, KZ, Li, M, Groenewold, NA, Salminen, LE, Walter, M, Simmons, AN, van Erp, TGM, Jahanshad, N, Baune, BT, van der Wee, NJA, van Tol, M-J, Penninx, BWJH, Hibar, DP, Thompson, PM, Veltman, DJ, Schmaal, L, and Frodl, T
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood maltreatment (CM) plays an important role in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to examine whether CM severity and type are associated with MDD-related brain alterations, and how they interact with sex and age. METHODS: Within the ENIGMA-MDD network, severity and subtypes of CM using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were assessed and structural magnetic resonance imaging data from patients with MDD and healthy controls were analyzed in a mega-analysis comprising a total of 3872 participants aged between 13 and 89 years. Cortical thickness and surface area were extracted at each site using FreeSurfer. RESULTS: CM severity was associated with reduced cortical thickness in the banks of the superior temporal sulcus and supramarginal gyrus as well as with reduced surface area of the middle temporal lobe. Participants reporting both childhood neglect and abuse had a lower cortical thickness in the inferior parietal lobe, middle temporal lobe, and precuneus compared to participants not exposed to CM. In males only, regardless of diagnosis, CM severity was associated with higher cortical thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex. Finally, a significant interaction between CM and age in predicting thickness was seen across several prefrontal, temporal, and temporo-parietal regions. CONCLUSIONS: Severity and type of CM may impact cortical thickness and surface area. Importantly, CM may influence age-dependent brain maturation, particularly in regions related to the default mode network, perception, and theory of mind.
Published: 2020

40. Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups

Author: Boedhoe, PSW, van Rooij, D, Hoogman, M, Twisk, JWR, Schmaal, L, Abe, Y, Alonso, P, Ameis, SH, Anikin, A, Anticevic, A, Arango, C, Arnold, PD, Asherson, P, Assogna, F, Auzias, G, Banaschewski, T, Baranov, A, Batistuzzo, MC, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Behrmann, M, Bellgrove, MA, Benedetti, F, Beucke, JC, Biederman, J, Bollettini, I, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brennan, BP, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calvo, A, Calvo, R, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, KC, Cheng, Y, Cho, KIK, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, A, Dale, AM, Dallaspezia, S, Daly, E, Denys, D, Deruelle, C, Di Martino, A, Dinstein, I, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Ecker, C, Ehrlich, S, Ely, BA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, S, Fedor, J, Feng, X, Feusner, JD, Fitzgerald, J, Fitzgerald, KD, Fouche, J-P, Freitag, CM, Fridgeirsson, EA, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gallagher, L, Gogberashvili, T, Gori, I, Gruner, P, Gursel, DA, Haar, S, Haavik, J, Hall, GB, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hirano, Y, Hoekstra, PJ, Hoexter, MQ, Hohmann, S, Hovik, MF, Hu, H, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, Jalbrzikowski, M, James, A, Janssen, J, Jaspers-Fayer, F, Jernigan, TL, Kapilushniy, D, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kathmann, N, Kaufmann, C, Kelly, C, Khadka, S, King, JA, Koch, K, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuno, M, Kuntsi, J, Kvale, G, Kwon, JS, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, K-P, Hoekstra, L, Liu, Y, Lochner, C, Louza, MR, Luna, B, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Marques, P, Marsh, R, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, McGrath, J, Mehta, MA, Menchon, JM, Mennes, M, Martinho, MM, Moreira, PS, Morer, A, Morgado, P, Muratori, F, Murphy, CM, Murphy, DGM, Nakagawa, A, Nakamae, T, Nakao, T, Namazova-Baranova, L, Narayanaswamy, JC, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, Nurmi, EL, Weiss, EO, Tuura, RLO, O'Hearn, K, O'Neill, J, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Parellada, M, Pauli, P, Perriello, C, Piacentini, J, Piras, F, Plessen, KJ, Puig, O, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reddy, YCJ, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Retico, A, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Rus, OG, Sakai, Y, Schrantee, A, Schwarz, L, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Shook, D, Silk, TJ, Simpson, HB, Skokauskas, N, Vila, JCS, Solovieva, A, Soreni, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Stern, ER, Stevens, MC, Stewart, SE, Sudre, G, Szeszko, PR, Tamm, L, Taylor, MJ, Tolin, DF, Tosetti, M, Tovar-Moll, F, Tsuchiyagaito, A, van Erp, TGM, van Wingen, GA, Vance, A, Venkatasubramanian, G, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Wallace, GL, Wang, Z, Wolfers, T, Yoncheva, YN, Yun, J-Y, Zanetti, M, Zhou, F, Ziegler, GC, Zierhut, KC, Zwiers, MP, Thompson, PM, Stein, DJ, Buitelaar, J, Franke, B, van den Heuvel, OA, Boedhoe, PSW, van Rooij, D, Hoogman, M, Twisk, JWR, Schmaal, L, Abe, Y, Alonso, P, Ameis, SH, Anikin, A, Anticevic, A, Arango, C, Arnold, PD, Asherson, P, Assogna, F, Auzias, G, Banaschewski, T, Baranov, A, Batistuzzo, MC, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Behrmann, M, Bellgrove, MA, Benedetti, F, Beucke, JC, Biederman, J, Bollettini, I, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Bramati, IE, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brennan, BP, Busatto, GF, Calderoni, S, Calvo, A, Calvo, R, Castellanos, FX, Cercignani, M, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, KC, Cheng, Y, Cho, KIK, Christakou, A, Coghill, D, Conzelmann, A, Cubillo, A, Dale, AM, Dallaspezia, S, Daly, E, Denys, D, Deruelle, C, Di Martino, A, Dinstein, I, Doyle, AE, Durston, S, Earl, EA, Ecker, C, Ehrlich, S, Ely, BA, Epstein, JN, Ethofer, T, Fair, DA, Fallgatter, AJ, Faraone, S, Fedor, J, Feng, X, Feusner, JD, Fitzgerald, J, Fitzgerald, KD, Fouche, J-P, Freitag, CM, Fridgeirsson, EA, Frodl, T, Gabel, MC, Gallagher, L, Gogberashvili, T, Gori, I, Gruner, P, Gursel, DA, Haar, S, Haavik, J, Hall, GB, Harrison, NA, Hartman, CA, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hirano, Y, Hoekstra, PJ, Hoexter, MQ, Hohmann, S, Hovik, MF, Hu, H, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, Jalbrzikowski, M, James, A, Janssen, J, Jaspers-Fayer, F, Jernigan, TL, Kapilushniy, D, Kardatzki, B, Karkashadze, G, Kathmann, N, Kaufmann, C, Kelly, C, Khadka, S, King, JA, Koch, K, Kohls, G, Konrad, K, Kuno, M, Kuntsi, J, Kvale, G, Kwon, JS, Lazaro, L, Lera-Miguel, S, Lesch, K-P, Hoekstra, L, Liu, Y, Lochner, C, Louza, MR, Luna, B, Lundervold, AJ, Malpas, CB, Marques, P, Marsh, R, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mattos, P, McCarthy, H, McGrath, J, Mehta, MA, Menchon, JM, Mennes, M, Martinho, MM, Moreira, PS, Morer, A, Morgado, P, Muratori, F, Murphy, CM, Murphy, DGM, Nakagawa, A, Nakamae, T, Nakao, T, Namazova-Baranova, L, Narayanaswamy, JC, Nicolau, R, Nigg, JT, Novotny, SE, Nurmi, EL, Weiss, EO, Tuura, RLO, O'Hearn, K, O'Neill, J, Oosterlaan, J, Oranje, B, Paloyelis, Y, Parellada, M, Pauli, P, Perriello, C, Piacentini, J, Piras, F, Plessen, KJ, Puig, O, Ramos-Quiroga, JA, Reddy, YCJ, Reif, A, Reneman, L, Retico, A, Rosa, PGP, Rubia, K, Rus, OG, Sakai, Y, Schrantee, A, Schwarz, L, Schweren, LJS, Seitz, J, Shaw, P, Shook, D, Silk, TJ, Simpson, HB, Skokauskas, N, Vila, JCS, Solovieva, A, Soreni, N, Soriano-Mas, C, Spalletta, G, Stern, ER, Stevens, MC, Stewart, SE, Sudre, G, Szeszko, PR, Tamm, L, Taylor, MJ, Tolin, DF, Tosetti, M, Tovar-Moll, F, Tsuchiyagaito, A, van Erp, TGM, van Wingen, GA, Vance, A, Venkatasubramanian, G, Vilarroya, O, Vives-Gilabert, Y, von Polier, GG, Walitza, S, Wallace, GL, Wang, Z, Wolfers, T, Yoncheva, YN, Yun, J-Y, Zanetti, M, Zhou, F, Ziegler, GC, Zierhut, KC, Zwiers, MP, Thompson, PM, Stein, DJ, Buitelaar, J, Franke, B, and van den Heuvel, OA
Abstract: Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders using structural brain imaging data from ENIGMA consortium data. Methods: Structural T1-weighted whole-brain MRI data from healthy control subjects (N=5,827) and from patients with ADHD (N=2,271), ASD (N=1,777), and OCD (N=2,323) from 151 cohorts worldwide were analyzed using standardized processing protocols. The authors examined subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area differences within a mega-analytical framework, pooling measures extracted from each cohort. Analyses were performed separately for children, adolescents, and adults, using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for age, sex, and site (and intracranial volume for subcortical and surface area measures). Results: No shared differences were found among all three disorders, and shared differences between any two disorders did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Children with ADHD compared with those with OCD had smaller hippocampal volumes, possibly influenced by IQ. Children and adolescents with ADHD also had smaller intracranial volume than control subjects and those with OCD or ASD. Adults with ASD showed thicker frontal cortices compared with adult control subjects and other clinical groups. No OCD-specific differences were observed across different age groups and surface area differences among all disorders in childhood and adulthood. Conclusions: The study findings suggest robust but subtle differences across different age groups among ADHD, ASD, and OCD. ADHD-specific intracranial volume and hippocampal differences in children and adolescents, and ASD-specific cortical thickness differences in the frontal cortex in adults, support previous work emphasizing structural brain differences in these disorders.
Published: 2020

41. White matter disturbances in major depressive disorder: a coordinated analysis across 20 international cohorts in the ENIGMA MDD working group

Author: van Velzen, LS, Kelly, S, Isaev, D, Aleman, A, Aftanas, L, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Brak, I, Carballedo, A, Connolly, CG, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Danilenko, K, Dannlowski, U, Enneking, V, Filimonova, E, Foerster, K, Frodl, T, Gotlib, IH, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Harris, MA, Hatton, SN, Hawkins, EL, Hickie, IB, Ho, TC, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Kochunov, P, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Lee, R, Lett, TA, Li, M, MacMaster, FP, Martin, NG, McIntosh, AM, McLellan, Q, Meinert, S, Nenadic, I, Osipov, E, Penninx, BWJH, Portella, MJ, Repple, J, Roos, A, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schnell, K, Shen, X, Sim, K, Stein, DJ, van Tol, M-J, Tomyshev, AS, Tozzi, L, Veer, IM, Vermeiren, R, Vives-Gilabert, Y, Walter, H, Walter, M, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werff, SJA, Schreiner, MW, Whalley, HC, Wright, MJ, Yang, TT, Zhu, A, Veltman, DJ, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, Schmaal, L, van Velzen, LS, Kelly, S, Isaev, D, Aleman, A, Aftanas, L, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Brak, I, Carballedo, A, Connolly, CG, Couvy-Duchesne, B, Cullen, KR, Danilenko, K, Dannlowski, U, Enneking, V, Filimonova, E, Foerster, K, Frodl, T, Gotlib, IH, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Harris, MA, Hatton, SN, Hawkins, EL, Hickie, IB, Ho, TC, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Kochunov, P, Krug, A, Lagopoulos, J, Lee, R, Lett, TA, Li, M, MacMaster, FP, Martin, NG, McIntosh, AM, McLellan, Q, Meinert, S, Nenadic, I, Osipov, E, Penninx, BWJH, Portella, MJ, Repple, J, Roos, A, Sacchet, MD, Saemann, PG, Schnell, K, Shen, X, Sim, K, Stein, DJ, van Tol, M-J, Tomyshev, AS, Tozzi, L, Veer, IM, Vermeiren, R, Vives-Gilabert, Y, Walter, H, Walter, M, van der Wee, NJA, van der Werff, SJA, Schreiner, MW, Whalley, HC, Wright, MJ, Yang, TT, Zhu, A, Veltman, DJ, Thompson, PM, Jahanshad, N, and Schmaal, L
Abstract: Alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure have been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, previous findings have been inconsistent, partially due to low statistical power and the heterogeneity of depression. In the largest multi-site study to date, we examined WM anisotropy and diffusivity in 1305 MDD patients and 1602 healthy controls (age range 12-88 years) from 20 samples worldwide, which included both adults and adolescents, within the MDD Working Group of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium. Processing of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data and statistical analyses were harmonized across sites and effects were meta-analyzed across studies. We observed subtle, but widespread, lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in adult MDD patients compared with controls in 16 out of 25 WM tracts of interest (Cohen's d between 0.12 and 0.26). The largest differences were observed in the corpus callosum and corona radiata. Widespread higher radial diffusivity (RD) was also observed (all Cohen's d between 0.12 and 0.18). Findings appeared to be driven by patients with recurrent MDD and an adult age of onset of depression. White matter microstructural differences in a smaller sample of adolescent MDD patients and controls did not survive correction for multiple testing. In this coordinated and harmonized multisite DTI study, we showed subtle, but widespread differences in WM microstructure in adult MDD, which may suggest structural disconnectivity in MDD.
Published: 2020

42. 5-HT1A receptor gene C −1019 G polymorphism and amygdala volume in borderline personality disorder

Author: Zetzsche, T., Preuss, U. W., Bondy, B., Frodl, T., Zill, P., Schmitt, G., Koutsouleris, N., Rujescu, D., Born, C., Reiser, M., Möller, H.-J., and Meisenzahl, E. M.
Published: 2008

43. Brain imaging of the cortex in ADHD: A coordinated analysis of large-scale clinical and population-based samples

Author: Hoogman, M., Muetzel, R., Guimaraes, J.P., Shumskaya, E., Mennes, M., Zwiers, M.P., Jahanshad, N., Sudre, G., Wolfers, T., Earl, E.A., oliva Vila, J.C. S, Vives-Gilabert, Y., Khadka, S., Novotny, S.E., Hartman, Catharina, Heslenfeld, D.J., Schweren, L.J., Ambrosino, S., Oranje, B., Zeeuw, P. de, Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Rosa, P.G., Zanetti, M.V., Malpas, C.B., Kohls, G., Polier, G.G. von, Seitz, J., Biederman, J., Doyle, A.E., Dale, A.M., Erp, T.G. van, Epstein, J.N., Jernigan, T.L., Baur-Streubel, R., Ziegler, G.C., Zierhut, K.C., Schrantee, A., Hovik, M.F., Lundervold, A.J., Kelly, C., McCarthy, H., Skokauskas, N., O'Gorman Tuura, R.L., Calvo, A., Lera-Miguel, S., Nicolau, R., Chantiluke, K.C., Christakou, A., Vance, A., Cercignani, M., Gabel, M.C., Asherson, P., Baumeister, S., Brandeis, D., Hohmann, S., Bramati, I.E., Tovar-Moll, F., Fallgatter, A.J., Kardatzki, B., Schwarz, L., Anikin, A., Baranov, A., Gogberashvili, T., Kapilushniy, D., Solovieva, A., Marroun, H. El, White, T., Karkashadze, G., Namazova-Baranova, L., Ethofer, T., Mattos, P., Banaschewski, T., Coghill, D., Plessen, K.J., Kuntsi, J., Mehta, M.A., Paloyelis, Y., Harrison, N.A., Bellgrove, M.A., Silk, T.J., Cubillo, A.I., Rubia, K., Lazaro, L., Brem, S., Walitza, S., Frodl, T., Zentis, M., Castellanos, F.X., Yoncheva, Y.N., Haavik, J., Reneman, L., Conzelmann, A., Lesch, K.P., Pauli, P., Reif, A., Tamm, L., Konrad, K., Oberwelland Weiss, E., Busatto, G.F., Louza, M.R., Durston, S., Hoekstra, P.J., Oosterlaan, J., Stevens, M.C., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Vilarroya, O., Fair, D.A., Nigg, J.T., Thompson, P.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Faraone, S.V, Shaw, P., Tiemeier, H., Bralten, J., Franke, B., Hoogman, M., Muetzel, R., Guimaraes, J.P., Shumskaya, E., Mennes, M., Zwiers, M.P., Jahanshad, N., Sudre, G., Wolfers, T., Earl, E.A., oliva Vila, J.C. S, Vives-Gilabert, Y., Khadka, S., Novotny, S.E., Hartman, Catharina, Heslenfeld, D.J., Schweren, L.J., Ambrosino, S., Oranje, B., Zeeuw, P. de, Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Rosa, P.G., Zanetti, M.V., Malpas, C.B., Kohls, G., Polier, G.G. von, Seitz, J., Biederman, J., Doyle, A.E., Dale, A.M., Erp, T.G. van, Epstein, J.N., Jernigan, T.L., Baur-Streubel, R., Ziegler, G.C., Zierhut, K.C., Schrantee, A., Hovik, M.F., Lundervold, A.J., Kelly, C., McCarthy, H., Skokauskas, N., O'Gorman Tuura, R.L., Calvo, A., Lera-Miguel, S., Nicolau, R., Chantiluke, K.C., Christakou, A., Vance, A., Cercignani, M., Gabel, M.C., Asherson, P., Baumeister, S., Brandeis, D., Hohmann, S., Bramati, I.E., Tovar-Moll, F., Fallgatter, A.J., Kardatzki, B., Schwarz, L., Anikin, A., Baranov, A., Gogberashvili, T., Kapilushniy, D., Solovieva, A., Marroun, H. El, White, T., Karkashadze, G., Namazova-Baranova, L., Ethofer, T., Mattos, P., Banaschewski, T., Coghill, D., Plessen, K.J., Kuntsi, J., Mehta, M.A., Paloyelis, Y., Harrison, N.A., Bellgrove, M.A., Silk, T.J., Cubillo, A.I., Rubia, K., Lazaro, L., Brem, S., Walitza, S., Frodl, T., Zentis, M., Castellanos, F.X., Yoncheva, Y.N., Haavik, J., Reneman, L., Conzelmann, A., Lesch, K.P., Pauli, P., Reif, A., Tamm, L., Konrad, K., Oberwelland Weiss, E., Busatto, G.F., Louza, M.R., Durston, S., Hoekstra, P.J., Oosterlaan, J., Stevens, M.C., Ramos-Quiroga, J.A., Vilarroya, O., Fair, D.A., Nigg, J.T., Thompson, P.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Faraone, S.V, Shaw, P., Tiemeier, H., Bralten, J., and Franke, B.
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 204879.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access) Contains fulltext : 204879pos.pdf (postprint version ) (Open Access), OBJECTIVE: Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related to ADHD using large-scale studies. METHODS: Cortical thickness and surface area (based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects with ADHD (N=2,246) and control subjects (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, and adults separately in ENIGMA-ADHD, a consortium of 36 centers. To assess familial effects on cortical measures, case subjects, unaffected siblings, and control subjects in the NeuroIMAGE study (N=506) were compared. Associations of the attention scale from the Child Behavior Checklist with cortical measures were determined in a pediatric population sample (Generation-R, N=2,707). RESULTS: In the ENIGMA-ADHD sample, lower surface area values were found in children with ADHD, mainly in frontal, cingulate, and temporal regions; the largest significant effect was for total surface area (Cohen's d=-0.21). Fusiform gyrus and temporal pole cortical thickness was also lower in children with ADHD. Neither surface area nor thickness differences were found in the adolescent or adult groups. Familial effects were seen for surface area in several regions. In an overlapping set of regions, surface area, but not thickness, was associated with attention problems in the Generation-R sample. CONCLUSIONS: Subtle differences in cortical surface area are widespread in children but not adolescents and adults with ADHD, confirming involvement of the frontal cortex and highlighting regions deserving further attention. Notably, the alterations behave like endophenotypes in families and are linked to ADHD symptoms in the population, extending evidence that ADHD behaves as a continuous trait in the population. Future longitudinal studies should clarify individual lifespan trajectories that lead to nons
Published: 2019

44. 10Kin1day: A Bottom-Up Neuroimaging Initiative

Author: Heuvel, M.P. van den, Scholtens, L.H., Burgh, H.K. van der, Agosta, F., Alloza, C., Arango, C., Auyeung, B., Baron-Cohen, S., Basaia, S., Benders, M., Beyer, F., Booij, L., Braun, K.P., Filho, G.B., Cahn, W., Cannon, D.M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chan, S.S., Chen, E.Y.H., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Zwarte, S.M.C. de, Dietsche, B., Donohoe, G., Plessis, S.D., Durston, S., Diaz-Caneja, C.M., Diaz-Zuluaga, A.M., Emsley, R., Filippi, M., Frodl, T., Gorges, M., Graff, B., Grotegerd, D., Gasecki, D., Hall, J.M., Holleran, L., Holt, R., Hopman, H.J., Jansen, A, Janssen, J, Jodzio, K., Jancke, L., Kaleda, V.G., Kassubek, J., Masouleh, S.K., Kircher, T., Koevoets, M., Kostic, V.S., Krug, A., Lawrie, S.M., Lebedeva, I.S., Lee, E.H.M., Lett, T.A., Lewis, S.J., Liem, F., Lombardo, M.V., Lopez-Jaramillo, C., Margulies, D.S., Markett, S., Marques, P., Martinez-Zalacain, I., McDonald, C., McIntosh, A.M., McPhilemy, G., Meinert, S.L., Menchon, J.M., Montag, C., Moreira, P.S., Morgado, P., Mothersill, D.O., Merillat, S., Muller, H.P., Nabulsi, L., Najt, P., Narkiewicz, K., Naumczyk, P., Oranje, B., Foz, V. Ortiz-Garcia de, Peper, J.S., Pineda, J.A., Rasser, P.E., Redlich, R., Repple, J., Reuter, M, Rosa, P.G., Ruigrok, A.N., Sabisz, A., Schall, U., Seedat, S., Serpa, M.H., Skouras, S., Soriano-Mas, C., Sousa, N., Szurowska, E., Tomyshev, A.S., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Valk, S.L., Berg, L.H. van den, Leeuwen, J.M.C. van, Zhang, R., Lange, S.C. de, Heuvel, M.P. van den, Scholtens, L.H., Burgh, H.K. van der, Agosta, F., Alloza, C., Arango, C., Auyeung, B., Baron-Cohen, S., Basaia, S., Benders, M., Beyer, F., Booij, L., Braun, K.P., Filho, G.B., Cahn, W., Cannon, D.M., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Chan, S.S., Chen, E.Y.H., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Zwarte, S.M.C. de, Dietsche, B., Donohoe, G., Plessis, S.D., Durston, S., Diaz-Caneja, C.M., Diaz-Zuluaga, A.M., Emsley, R., Filippi, M., Frodl, T., Gorges, M., Graff, B., Grotegerd, D., Gasecki, D., Hall, J.M., Holleran, L., Holt, R., Hopman, H.J., Jansen, A, Janssen, J, Jodzio, K., Jancke, L., Kaleda, V.G., Kassubek, J., Masouleh, S.K., Kircher, T., Koevoets, M., Kostic, V.S., Krug, A., Lawrie, S.M., Lebedeva, I.S., Lee, E.H.M., Lett, T.A., Lewis, S.J., Liem, F., Lombardo, M.V., Lopez-Jaramillo, C., Margulies, D.S., Markett, S., Marques, P., Martinez-Zalacain, I., McDonald, C., McIntosh, A.M., McPhilemy, G., Meinert, S.L., Menchon, J.M., Montag, C., Moreira, P.S., Morgado, P., Mothersill, D.O., Merillat, S., Muller, H.P., Nabulsi, L., Najt, P., Narkiewicz, K., Naumczyk, P., Oranje, B., Foz, V. Ortiz-Garcia de, Peper, J.S., Pineda, J.A., Rasser, P.E., Redlich, R., Repple, J., Reuter, M, Rosa, P.G., Ruigrok, A.N., Sabisz, A., Schall, U., Seedat, S., Serpa, M.H., Skouras, S., Soriano-Mas, C., Sousa, N., Szurowska, E., Tomyshev, A.S., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Valk, S.L., Berg, L.H. van den, Leeuwen, J.M.C. van, Zhang, R., and Lange, S.C. de
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 208767.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), We organized 10Kin1day, a pop-up scientific event with the goal to bring together neuroimaging groups from around the world to jointly analyze 10,000+ existing MRI connectivity datasets during a 3-day workshop. In this report, we describe the motivation and principles of 10Kin1day, together with a public release of 8,000+ MRI connectome maps of the human brain.
Published: 2019

45. 10kin1day: A bottom-up neuroimaging initiative

Author: Heuvel, M. (Martijn) van den, Scholtens, L.H. (Lianne H.), Van Der Burgh, H.K. (Hannelore K.), Agosta, F. (Federica), Alloza, C. (Clara), Arango, C. (Celso), Auyeung, B. (Bonnie), Baron-Cohen, S. (Simon), Basaia, S. (Silvia), Benders, J. (Jos), Beyer, F. (Frauke), Booij, L. (Linda), Braun, K.P.J. (Kees P.J.), Filho, G.B. (Geraldo Busatto), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Chan, S.S.M. (Sandra S.M.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y.H.), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), De Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M.C.), Dietsche, B. (Bruno), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Plessis, S.D. (Stefan Du), Durston, S. (Sarah), Díaz-Caneja, C.M. (Covadonga M.), Díaz-Zuluaga, A.M. (Ana M.), Emsley, R. (Robin), Filippi, M. (Massimo), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Gorges, M. (Martin), Graff, B. (Beata), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gąsecki, D. (Dariusz), Hall, J.M. (Julie M.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Holt, R. (Rosemary), Hopman, H.J. (Helene J.), Jansen, A. (Andreas), Janssen, J. (Joost), Jodzio, K. (Krzysztof), Jäncke, L. (Lutz), Kaleda, V.G. (Vasiliy G.), Kassubek, J. (Jan), Masouleh, S.K. (Shahrzad Kharabian), Kircher, T. (Tilo), Koevoets, M.G.J.C. (Martijn G.J.C.), Kostic, V.S. (Vladimir S.), Krug, A. (Axel), Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Lebedeva, I.S. (Irina S.), Lee, E.H.M. (Edwin H.M.), Lett, T.A. (Tristram A.), Lewis, S.J.G. (Simon J.G.), Liem, F. (Franziskus), Lombardo, M.V. (Michael V.), Lopez-Jaramillo, C. (Carlos), Margulies, D.S. (Daniel S.), Markett, S. (Sebastian), Marques, P. (Paulo), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Meinert, S.L. (Susanne L.), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Montag, C. (Christian), Moreira, P.S. (Pedro S.), Morgado, P. (Pedro), Mothersill, D.O. (David O.), Mérillat, S. (Susan), Müller, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Nabulsi, L. (Leila), Najt, P. (Pablo), Narkiewicz, K. (Krzysztof), Naumczyk, P. (Patrycja), Oranje, B. (Bob), De la Foz, V.O.-G. (Victor Ortiz-Garcia), Peper, J.S. (Jiska S.), Pineda, J.A. (Julian A.), Rasser, P.E. (Paul E.), Redlich, R. (Ronny), Repple, J. (Jonathan), Reuter, M. (Martin), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G.P.), Ruigrok, A.N.V. (Amber N.V.), Sabisz, A. (Agnieszka), Schall, U. (Ulrich), Seedat, S. (Soraya), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Skouras, S. (Stavros), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Sousa, N. (Nuno), Szurowska, E. (Edyta), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Valk, S.L. (Sofie L.), Berg, L.H. (Leonard) van den, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.M.), Van Leeuwen, J.M.C. (Judith M.C.), Villringer, A. (Arno), Vinkers, C.H., Vollmar, C. (Christian), Waller, L. (Lea), Walter, H. (Henrik), Whalley, H.C. (Heather C.), Witkowska, M. (Marta), Witte, A.V. (A. Veronica), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Zhang, R. (Rui), De Lange, S.C. (Siemon C.), Heuvel, M. (Martijn) van den, Scholtens, L.H. (Lianne H.), Van Der Burgh, H.K. (Hannelore K.), Agosta, F. (Federica), Alloza, C. (Clara), Arango, C. (Celso), Auyeung, B. (Bonnie), Baron-Cohen, S. (Simon), Basaia, S. (Silvia), Benders, J. (Jos), Beyer, F. (Frauke), Booij, L. (Linda), Braun, K.P.J. (Kees P.J.), Filho, G.B. (Geraldo Busatto), Cahn, W. (Wiepke), Cannon, D.M. (Dara), Chaim-Avancini, T.M. (Tiffany M.), Chan, S.S.M. (Sandra S.M.), Chen, E.Y.H. (Eric Y.H.), Crespo-Facorro, B. (Benedicto), Crone, E.A. (Eveline), Dannlowski, U. (Udo), De Zwarte, S.M.C. (Sonja M.C.), Dietsche, B. (Bruno), Donohoe, D.J. (Dennis), Plessis, S.D. (Stefan Du), Durston, S. (Sarah), Díaz-Caneja, C.M. (Covadonga M.), Díaz-Zuluaga, A.M. (Ana M.), Emsley, R. (Robin), Filippi, M. (Massimo), Frodl, T. (Thomas), Gorges, M. (Martin), Graff, B. (Beata), Grotegerd, D. (Dominik), Gąsecki, D. (Dariusz), Hall, J.M. (Julie M.), Holleran, L. (Laurena), Holt, R. (Rosemary), Hopman, H.J. (Helene J.), Jansen, A. (Andreas), Janssen, J. (Joost), Jodzio, K. (Krzysztof), Jäncke, L. (Lutz), Kaleda, V.G. (Vasiliy G.), Kassubek, J. (Jan), Masouleh, S.K. (Shahrzad Kharabian), Kircher, T. (Tilo), Koevoets, M.G.J.C. (Martijn G.J.C.), Kostic, V.S. (Vladimir S.), Krug, A. (Axel), Lawrie, S. (Stephen), Lebedeva, I.S. (Irina S.), Lee, E.H.M. (Edwin H.M.), Lett, T.A. (Tristram A.), Lewis, S.J.G. (Simon J.G.), Liem, F. (Franziskus), Lombardo, M.V. (Michael V.), Lopez-Jaramillo, C. (Carlos), Margulies, D.S. (Daniel S.), Markett, S. (Sebastian), Marques, P. (Paulo), Martínez-Zalacaín, I. (Ignacio), McDonald, C. (Colm), McIntosh, A.M. (Andrew), McPhilemy, G. (Genevieve), Meinert, S.L. (Susanne L.), Menchón, J.M. (José M.), Montag, C. (Christian), Moreira, P.S. (Pedro S.), Morgado, P. (Pedro), Mothersill, D.O. (David O.), Mérillat, S. (Susan), Müller, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Nabulsi, L. (Leila), Najt, P. (Pablo), Narkiewicz, K. (Krzysztof), Naumczyk, P. (Patrycja), Oranje, B. (Bob), De la Foz, V.O.-G. (Victor Ortiz-Garcia), Peper, J.S. (Jiska S.), Pineda, J.A. (Julian A.), Rasser, P.E. (Paul E.), Redlich, R. (Ronny), Repple, J. (Jonathan), Reuter, M. (Martin), Rosa, P.G.P. (Pedro G.P.), Ruigrok, A.N.V. (Amber N.V.), Sabisz, A. (Agnieszka), Schall, U. (Ulrich), Seedat, S. (Soraya), Serpa, M.H. (Mauricio H.), Skouras, S. (Stavros), Soriano-Mas, C. (Carles), Sousa, N. (Nuno), Szurowska, E. (Edyta), Tomyshev, A.S. (Alexander S.), Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D. (Diana), Valk, S.L. (Sofie L.), Berg, L.H. (Leonard) van den, Erp, T.G.M. (Theo G.) van, Van Haren, N.E.M. (Neeltje E.M.), Van Leeuwen, J.M.C. (Judith M.C.), Villringer, A. (Arno), Vinkers, C.H., Vollmar, C. (Christian), Waller, L. (Lea), Walter, H. (Henrik), Whalley, H.C. (Heather C.), Witkowska, M. (Marta), Witte, A.V. (A. Veronica), Zanetti, M.V. (Marcus V.), Zhang, R. (Rui), and De Lange, S.C. (Siemon C.)
Abstract: We organized 10Kin1day, a pop-up scientific event with the goal to bring together neuroimaging groups from around the world to jointly analyze 10,000+ existing MRI connectivity datasets during a 3-day workshop. In this report, we describe the motivation and principles of 10Kin1day, together with a public release of 8,000+ MRI connectome maps of the human brain. Ongoing grand-scale projects like the European Human Brain Project (1), the US Brain Initiative (2), the Human Connectome Project (3), the Chinese Brainnetome (4) and exciting world-wide neuroimaging collaborations such as ENIGMA (5) herald the new era of big neuroscience. In conjunction with these major undertakings, there is an emerging trend for bottom-up initiatives, starting with small-scale projects built upon existing collaborations and infrastructures. As described by Mainen et al. (6), these initiatives are centralized around self-organized groups of researchers working on the same challenges and sharing interests and specialized expertise. These projects could scale and open up to a larger audience and other disciplines over time, eventually lining up and merging their findings with other programs to make the bigger picture.
Published: 2019
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46. Breath Gas Markers in Depression and Their Relationship with Brain Metabolism.

Author: Keskin Gokcelli, D., Itzhacki Sitton, J., Kesik, J., Henning, D. H., Farrher, E., Shah, N. J., and Frodl, T.
Subjects: BRAIN metabolism, CINGULATE cortex, LONG-term potentiation, VOLATILE organic compounds, BIOMARKERS
Abstract: Introduction: Dysfunctional changes in the glutamatergic system play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. Glutamate regulates various neuronal function, such as nerve migration, excitability, plasticity, as well as long-term potentiation and long-term synaptic depression. Failures in this process might cause emotional/cognitive changes associated with stress-induced depressive symptoms, a part of our current understanding of the pathophysiology of depression. These changes might be related to deviations in biochemical blood parameters, but also to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in breath. Objectives: 1) To replicate our previous finding that concentration of volatile organic compounds in expiratory breath gas and metabolites derived from MR spectroscopy distinguish unmedicated depressed patients from healthy participants, (2) to determine whether the amount of these VOCs is associated with severity of depression and anxiety, and (3) to correlate breath-VOC-content with glutamatergic neurotransmission and energy metabolism derived from MR spectroscopy. Methods: 25 antidepressant-free patients with major depression according to DSM V (18-65 years of age) are recruited from our out- and inpatient clinics. The controls will consist of 25 healthy age-and-sex-matched participants. Breath gas analyses will be carried out at awakening, and 30 and 60 minutes thereafter, and at 5pm using PTR-TOF-MS with direct on time measurement through a special sampler. A 7 Tesla Siemens Terra MRI scanner will be used to undertake spectroscopic measurements. Concentrations of glutamate and β-hydroxybutyrate levels in the pregenual and dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus will subsequently be assessed. Results: Statistical analysis for differences between groups corrected for multiple measurements will be carried out. Concentration of VOCs will be correlated with brain metabolism and severity of symptoms. Conclusions: VOCs in breath are proposed to be an efficient and non-invasive marker for depression-related biochemical changes related to disease severity, and eventually useful for personalized treatment planning. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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47. Mapping cortical brain asymmetry in 17,141 healthy individuals worldwide via the ENIGMA consortium

Author: Kong, XZ, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Canive, JM, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cavalleri, GL, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dale, A, Dannlowski, U, De Bruttopilo, SA, De Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Delanty, N, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, J, Garavan, H, Garcia, DDS, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, Hernández, MDCV, Kong, XZ, Mathias, SR, Guadalupe, T, Abé, C, Agartz, I, Akudjedu, TN, Aleman, A, Alhusaini, S, Allen, NB, Ames, D, Andreassen, OA, Vasquez, AA, Armstrong, NJ, Bergo, F, Bastin, ME, Batalla, A, Bauer, J, Baune, BT, Baur-Streubel, R, Biederman, J, Blaine, SK, Boedhoe, P, Bøen, E, Bose, A, Bralten, J, Brandeis, D, Brem, S, Brodaty, H, Yüksel, D, Brooks, SJ, Buitelaar, J, Bürger, C, Bülow, R, Calhoun, V, Calvo, A, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Canive, JM, Cannon, DM, Caparelli, EC, Castellanos, FX, Cavalleri, GL, Cendes, F, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Chantiluke, K, Chen, QL, Chen, X, Cheng, Y, Christakou, A, Clark, VP, Coghill, D, Connolly, CG, Conzelmann, A, Córdova-Palomera, A, Cousijn, J, Crow, T, Cubillo, A, Dale, A, Dannlowski, U, De Bruttopilo, SA, De Zeeuw, P, Deary, IJ, Delanty, N, Demeter, DV, Di Martino, A, Dickie, EW, Dietsche, B, Doan, NT, Doherty, CP, Doyle, A, Durston, S, Earl, E, Ehrlich, S, Ekman, CJ, Elvsåshagen, T, Epstein, JN, Fair, DA, Faraone, SV, Fernández, G, Filho, GB, Förster, K, Fouche, JP, Foxe, JJ, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Fullerton, J, Garavan, H, Garcia, DDS, Gotlib, IH, Goudriaan, AE, Grabe, HJ, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gurholt, T, Haavik, J, Hahn, T, Hansell, NK, Harris, MA, Hartman, CA, and Hernández, MDCV
Abstract: Hemispheric asymmetry is a cardinal feature of human brain organization. Altered brain asymmetry has also been linked to some cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Consortium presents the largest-ever analysis of cerebral cortical asymmetry and its variability across individuals. Cortical thickness and surface area were assessed in MRI scans of 17,141 healthy individuals from 99 datasets worldwide. Results revealed widespread asymmetries at both hemispheric and regional levels, with a generally thicker cortex but smaller surface area in the left hemisphere relative to the right. Regionally, asymmetries of cortical thickness and/or surface area were found in the inferior frontal gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex. These regions are involved in lateralized functions, including language and visuospatial processing. In addition to population-level asymmetries, variability in brain asymmetry was related to sex, age, and intracranial volume. Interestingly, we did not find significant associations between asymmetries and handedness. Finally, with two independent pedigree datasets (n = 1,443 and 1,113, respectively), we found several asymmetries showing significant, replicable heritability. The structural asymmetries identified and their variabilities and heritability provide a reference resource for future studies on the genetic basis of brain asymmetry and altered laterality in cognitive, neurological, and psychiatric disorders.
Published: 2018

48. Classification of Major Depressive Disorder via Multi-Site Weighted LASSO Model

Author: Zhu, D., Riedel, B. C., Jahanshad, N., Groenewold, N. A., Stein, D.J., Gotlib, I. H., Sacchet, M. D., Dima, D., Cole, J. H., Fu, C. H. Y., Walter, H., Veer, I. M., Frodl, T., Schmaal, L., Veltman, D.J., and Thompson, P.M.
Subjects: ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, RC0321, BF
Abstract: Large-scale collaborative analysis of brain imaging data, in psychiatry and neurology, offers a new source of statistical power to discover features that boost accuracy in disease classification, differential diagnosis, and outcome prediction. However, due to data privacy regulations or limited accessibility to large datasets across the world, it is challenging to efficiently integrate distributed information. Here we propose a novel classification framework through multi-site weighted LASSO: each site performs an iterative weighted LASSO for feature selection separately. Within each iteration, the classification result and the selected features are collected to update the weighting parameters for each feature. This new weight is used to guide the LASSO process at the next iteration. Only the features that help to improve the classification accuracy are preserved. In tests on data from five sites (299 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 258 normal controls), our method boosted classification accuracy for MDD by 4.9% on average. This result shows the potential of the proposed new strategy as an effective and practical collaborative platform for machine learning on large scale distributed imaging and biobank data.
Published: 2017

49. Subcortical brain volume differences in participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults: a cross-sectional mega-analysis

Author: Hoogman, M, Bralten, J, Hibar, DP, Mennes, M, Zwiers, MP, Schweren, LSJ, van Hulzen, KJE, Medland, SE, Shumskaya, E, Jahanshad, N, Zeeuw, PD, Szekely, E, Sudre, G, Wolfers, T, Onnink, AMH, Dammers, JT, Mostert, JC, Vives-Gilabert, Y, Kohls, G, Oberwelland, E, Seitz, J, Schulte-Rüther, M, Ambrosino, S, Doyle, AE, Høvik, MF, Dramsdahl, M, Tamm, L, van Erp, TGM, Dale, A, Schork, A, Conzelmann, A, Zierhut, K, Baur, R, McCarthy, H, Yoncheva, YN, Cubillo, A, Chantiluke, K, Mehta, MA, Paloyelis, Y, Hohmann, S, Baumeister, S, Bramati, I, Mattos, P, Tovar-Moll, F, Douglas, P, Banaschewski, T, Brandeis, D, Kuntsi, J, Asherson, P, Rubia, K, Kelly, C, Martino, AD, Milham, MP, Castellanos, FX, Frodl, T, Zentis, M, Lesch, KP, Reif, A, Pauli, P, Jernigan, TL, Haavik, J, Plessen, KJ, Lundervold, AJ, Hugdahl, K, Seidman, LJ, Biederman, J, Rommelse, N, and Heslenfeld, DJ
Abstract: © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Background Neuroimaging studies have shown structural alterations in several brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Through the formation of the international ENIGMA ADHD Working Group, we aimed to address weaknesses of previous imaging studies and meta-analyses, namely inadequate sample size and methodological heterogeneity. We aimed to investigate whether there are structural differences in children and adults with ADHD compared with those without this diagnosis. Methods In this cross-sectional mega-analysis, we used the data from the international ENIGMA Working Group collaboration, which in the present analysis was frozen at Feb 8, 2015. Individual sites analysed structural T1-weighted MRI brain scans with harmonised protocols of individuals with ADHD compared with those who do not have this diagnosis. Our primary outcome was to assess case-control differences in subcortical structures and intracranial volume through pooling of all individual data from all cohorts in this collaboration. For this analysis, p values were significant at the false discovery rate corrected threshold of p=0·0156. Findings Our sample comprised 1713 participants with ADHD and 1529 controls from 23 sites with a median age of 14 years (range 4–63 years). The volumes of the accumbens (Cohen's d=−0·15), amygdala (d=−0·19), caudate (d=−0·11), hippocampus (d=−0·11), putamen (d=−0·14), and intracranial volume (d=−0·10) were smaller in individuals with ADHD compared with controls in the mega-analysis. There was no difference in volume size in the pallidum (p=0·95) and thalamus (p=0·39) between people with ADHD and controls. Exploratory lifespan modelling suggested a delay of maturation and a delay of degeneration, as effect sizes were highest in most subgroups of children (21 years): in the accumbens (Cohen's d=−0·19 vs −0·10), amygdala (d=−0·18 vs −0·14), caudate (d=−0·13 vs −0·07), hippocampus (d=−0·12 vs −0·06), putamen (d=−0·18 vs −0·08), and intracranial volume (d=−0·14 vs 0·01). There was no difference between children and adults for the pallidum (p=0·79) or thalamus (p=0·89). Case-control differences in adults were non-significant (all p>0·03). Psychostimulant medication use (all p>0·15) or symptom scores (all p>0·02) did not influence results, nor did the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders (all p>0·5). Interpretation With the largest dataset to date, we add new knowledge about bilateral amygdala, accumbens, and hippocampus reductions in ADHD. We extend the brain maturation delay theory for ADHD to include subcortical structures and refute medication effects on brain volume suggested by earlier meta-analyses. Lifespan analyses suggest that, in the absence of well powered longitudinal studies, the ENIGMA cross-sectional sample across six decades of ages provides a means to generate hypotheses about lifespan trajectories in brain phenotypes. Funding National Institutes of Health.
Published: 2017
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50. Common and Distinct Patterns of Grey Matter Volume Alteration in Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis

Author: Wise, T., Radua, J., Via, E., Cardoner, N., Abe, O., Adams, T.M., Amico, F., Cheng, Y., Cole, J.H., de Azevedo Marques Périco, C., Dickstein, D.P., Farrow, T.F.D, Frodl, T., Wagner, G., Gotlib, I.H., Gruber, O., Ham, B.J., Job, D.E., Kempton, M.J., Kim, M.J., Koolschijn, P.C.M.P., Malhi, G.S., Mataix-Cols, D., McIntosh, A.M., Nugent, A.C., O’Brien, J., Pezzoli, S., Phillips, M.L., Sachdev, P.S., Salvadore, G., Selvaraj, S., Stanfield, A.C., Thomas, A.J., van Tol, M.J., van der Wee, N.J.A., Veltman, D.J., Young, A.H., Fu, C.H., Cleare, A.J., and Arnone, D.
Abstract: Finding robust brain substrates of mood disorders is an important target for research. The degree to which major depression and bipolar disorder are associated with common and/or distinct patterns of volumetric changes is nevertheless unclear. Furthermore the extant literature is heterogeneous with respect to the nature of these changes. We report a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies in major depression and bipolar disorder. We identified studies published up to January 2015 that compared grey matter in major depression (50 datasets including 4101 individuals) and bipolar disorder (36 datasets including 2407 individuals) using whole brain voxel-based morphometry. We used statistical maps from the studies included where available and reported peak coordinates otherwise. Group comparisons and conjunction analyses identified regions in which the disorders showed common and distinct patterns of volumetric alteration. Both disorders were associated with lower grey matter volume relative to healthy individuals in a number of areas. Conjunction analysis showed smaller volumes in both disorders in clusters in the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral insula. Group comparisons indicated that findings of smaller grey matter volumes relative to controls in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus, along with cerebellar, temporal, and parietal regions were more substantial in major depression. These results suggest that major depression and bipolar disorder are characterized by both common and distinct patterns of grey matter volume changes. This combination of differences and similarities has the potential to inform the development of diagnostic biomarkers for these conditions.
Published: 2017

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