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To evaluate the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica in raw chicken, 70 samples of chicken carcasses were obtained from a Buenos Aires, Argentina, processing plant. The detection of this psychotropic microorganism was carried out using the whole carcass rinse method and enrichment in phosphate-buffered saline, 0.067 M, pH 7.6, at 4 degrees C, followed by alkaline treatment and isolation on cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin nutrient agar. Y. enterocolitica or related species were detected in 7 of 70 samples. From them, 4.3% were identified as Y. enterocolitica, 1.4% as Yersinia intermedia, and 4.3% as Yersinia frederiksenii. The serotype and phagotype of Y. intermedia isolates were O:5(2), 5(3), and Xz and those of Y. frederiksenii were O:4.16 and Xo. All Y. enterocolitica isolates belong to the biogroup 1A, serotype O:5, phagotype Xz, which presents uncertain pathogenic potential. These findings reinforce the worldwide concern on the microbiological quality of food products. Quality assurance programs on the whole poultry process are increasingly being adopted in Argentina.