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In the literature, there are many piano etudes written for various levels by different composers. However, when study books are examined, it is often observed that technical studies are not listed systematically. Piano teachers consider the difficult techniques in the etudes they give to their students and choose the etudes to be practiced by taking into account their students' levels. In the study, the studies were examined in terms of the technical studies they contained. This research was carried out with the aim of creating a database according to the technical difficulties in the studies. The main problem of the study is the characteristics of the study books Czerny op.599, Czerny op.299, Czerny op.136, Czerny op.636, Duvernoy op.176, Berens op.61, Burgmüller op.100 used in piano education. The research basically consists of scanning and document review. The study was limited to the designated etude books and 354 etudes were examined. The research started by examining all the basic features of the works in the study books. Then, the studies were grouped according to the techniques they included. After this grouping, each etude is divided into three levels according to its technical difficulty: beginner (1), intermediate (2) and advanced (3). It has been observed that some studies contain more than one technical difficulty, and in these types of studies, the study on which the focus is on is included in that study group. Since the studies are grouped and leveled according to their technical difficulties, it is thought that the study will be a frequently used reference work in piano education and will provide convenience for both students and teachers. The most frequently used techniques in all these books used at the beginner level are right hand practice, chord practice, 3rd interval practice, staccato, left work and scale studies, and works from all levels are included in the Czerny op.139 etude book, Czerny op.299 and Czerny op. It has been determined that the Czerny op.636 books contain advanced level works, the Czerny op.599 book concentrates on the intermediate level, the Duvernoy op.176 and Burgmüller op.100 books contain intermediate level studies, and the Berens op.100 contains advanced level studies. It has been determined that the etudes containing the most technical studies are in the Czerny op.299 book, and the etude containing the most technical studies is etude number 38 in the Czerny op.299 book. Among all these books, the most arpeggio-studied tones are C Major, D Major, G Major and E flat Major, E Major and A Major. It has been determined that the tones most practiced arpeggio are C Major, F Major and G Major.

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La présente étude qui a porté sur l’annulation totale ou partielle de la rémunération d’un dirigeant social de société anonyme en droit OHADA s’articule autour de deux points. Le premier aborde les notions des administrateurs ou dirigeants sociaux des sociétés anonymes et leurs rémunérations, modalités de fixation et l’organe compétent (point I), tandis que le second porte sur les possibles violations et sanctions liées aux modalités de fixation de ces rémunérations (point II). Ainsi, il s’est révèle qu’il est possible d’annuler totalement ou partiellement la rémunération d’un dirigeant social, par le juge en droit de l’Ohada. Mais, cette nullité doit reposer sur la violation d’un texte, car l’Acte uniforme relatif au droit de sociétés commerciales et du groupement d’intérêt économique consacre en son article 244 le principe selon lequel, « pas de nullité sans texte ».

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L’étude d’impact environnemental et social est un processus systématique d’identification, de prévention, d’évaluation et de réduction des effets physiques, écologiques, esthétiques, sociaux préalable à la réalisation de projet d’aménagement, d’ouvrage, d’équipement, d’installation ou d’implantation d’une unité industrielle, agricole ou autre et permettant d’en apprécier les conséquences directes ou indirectes sur l’environnement. L’intervention de l’Etat dans la protection de l’environnement, loin d’être une question substantielle, doit être tout d’abord une technique administrative dans le sens de constituer des normes et enjeux qui doivent répondre aux desiderata de la population.

Статья представляет результаты исследовательской работы по составлению и подготовке к публикации каталога произведений В.И. Сурикова в Красноярском художественном музее. Указаны существенные отличия нового справочного издания от уже имеющихся каталогов этой коллекции. Исследование включало изучение истории формирования коллекции, истории создания и бытования произведений, ее составляющих, вопросы атрибуции и датировки. Данный каталог вводит в научный оборот значительный ряд обновленных и ранее неизвестных сведений о работах В.И. Сурикова. Статья представляет примеры атрибуции и датировки академических рисунков Сурикова, портретов, пейзажей, этюдов к его историческим полотнам, а также историю создания и анализ графических эскизов композиции неосуществленной картины В.И. Сурикова «Княгиня Ольга встречает тело Игоря» из собрания Красноярского художественного музея им. В.И. Сурикова.

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Certains intellectuels ont lu et compris la négritude senghorienne avec les idées véhiculées par Marcien Towa. Dans son livre intitulé Léopold Sédar Senghor : Négritude ou Servitude ? (1976) Marcien Towa attaque violemment la négritude de Senghor en l’opposant à celle de Césaire. C’est en cela que Marcien Towa, pour qualifier la théorie de l’enfant de Joal, parle de senghorisme. Marcien Towa considère la négritude senghorienne comme une pensée séparatiste. Mais cette thèse s’oppose à celle que nous défendons dans cet article, qui inscrit la négritude senghorienne non pas dans une logique séparatiste, mais dans celle du métissage. Notre démarche se propose de montrer qu’il est possible de faire une lecture de la négritude senghorienne autre que celle qui y voit une pensée séparatiste. L’objectif de cet article est de déconstruire la critique de la pensée towaïenne de la négritude senghorienne.

Résumé Cette étude propose une régulation fiscale intégrée d’orientation économique en lieu et place de la régulation fiscale sectorielle, actuellement en vigueur qui ne permet pas aux investissements attirés de se déployer pour asseoir une économie en pleine croissance assurant à l’Etat une bonne collecte fiscale. Abstract This study proposes an integrated tax regulation of economic orientation instead of the sectoral tax regulation, currently in force which does not allow the investments attracted to deploy to establish a growing economy ensuring the State a good tax collection.

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Bu çalışmada Fransız piyanist ve besteci Henri Jerome Bertini’nin, piyano eğitiminde kullanılan, “25 Etudes Elementaires Op.137” adlı etüt kitabı incelenmiştir. Nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılmış ve literatür, döküman inceleme yoluyla taranmıştır. Yapılan incelemede, mesleki müzik eğitimi kurumlarının piyano eğitimi müfredatlarında da yer verilen Bertini’nin piyano etütlerine ilişkin herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu veriler ışığında, Henri Jerome Bertini’nin etüt kitabının analizine karar verilmiştir. “25 Etudes Elementaires, Op.137” etüt kitabında yer alan tüm etütler, içerdikleri teknikler, müzikal ifadeler ve bu doğrultudaki kazanımlar açısından incelenmiştir. Kitaptaki her etüdün, çalıştırmayı hedeflediği davranışlara ve kazanımlara yönelik birer alıştırma ve giriş bölümü taşıdığı saptanmıştır. Bu durumun, etütleri çalışacak öğrencileri, etütte edinecekleri kazanım ve donanımlara önceden hazırlaması açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda etütlerin en çok, legato, staccato, çift ses, akor, arpej, gam çalışması, oktav, parmak geçişi, aynı notada parmak değişimi gibi temel teknikler içerdiği, tempo açısından etütlerde daha çok ağır tempoların tercih edildiği, nüans bakımından çok zengin olmayan etütlerin, ton açısından belli bir sıra izlediği ve yine etütlerde farklı bazı yapısal özelliklere yer verildiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. İncelenen etüt kitabının, piyano eğitiminde hem temel tekniklerin ve müzikal ifadelerin kazanımı hem de farklı yapısal özelliklerin tanınması ve öğrenilmesi açısından yararlı bir kaynak olduğu düşünülmektedir.

В статье раскрываются разнообразные задачи, решаемые Галиной Кантор-Молотовой в области театрального и декоративного искусства, станковой живописи и скульптуры. Достижения работающей в Кишиневе с 1972 года выпускницы Ленинградского института театра, музыки и кинематографии (1971, по специальности «театральная техника и оформление спектакля» со специализацией «художник-скульптор театра кукол») признаны в Молдавии и в других странах. Ее произведения находятся в Театральном музее имени А.А. Бахрушина и Музее Театра Образцова в Москве, в Ташкенте, в частных коллекциях России, Украины, Эстонии, Германии, Франции и других стран. Более 10 персональных выставок этого мастера было организовано в Кишиневе и Париже. Об отдельных гранях творчества художницы написано немало статей, но в целом ее путь не исследовался с достаточной полнотой. В некоторой мере этот пробел восполняет недавно изданный альбом «Galina Cantor-Molotova», презентация которого состоялась в Кишиневе в Национальном музее истории Молдовы на открытии выставки избранных произведений — кукол для детского театра, гобеленов и живописи. Однако местное издание небольшим тиражом увидят лишь немногие любители искусства. Творчество Г. Кантор-Молотовой достойно введения в широкий искусствоведческий оборот, включая не только кукол и эскизы декораций для спектаклей, но и гобелены, скульптуру, живопись.

This article presents the influence of emotions on the teaching and learning process, with particular emphasis on pronunciation classes at university level. The first chapters describe the terminological intricacies within emotions, feelings, moods etc., and then the positive and negative influence of emotions on the didactic process. The next part presents attempts to use emotions that support the learning process and to cool down difficult emotions that disorganise work in classes and negatively influence the learning process. A special case is phonetic education, which arouses many more emotions than in other classes. At the end, there is a reasonable proposal of exercises called etudes, which positively influence unwanted emotions and support emotions beneficial for the didactic process.

The etudes which have an important role in solving the technical and musical problems that an individual comes across during the instrument training are used effectively during this process in terms of purpose and practice. Within this scope, the etudes, a being part of systematic study to improve the technique, are thought to have an important place in solving the specific, technical and musical problems. The etudes written for the purpose of improving the instrument are the exercises that help to improve the instrument technique at the mastery level, which help to overcome many of the difficulties encountered in the studied work and which benefit the technique that the performer will gain. Many composers have written books about improving the instrument technique and mastery level. In this context, it’s believed that C .J. Andersen’s etude books which are among the flute literature have an important role in gaining technical and musical outcomes in flute training. For this purpose, technical and stylistic analysis of the Number 2 Etude in C. J. Andersen’s Op. 15 has been done in this study. As a result of the research, it’s been determined that etudes have an important place in flute training in terms of technical and musical development. This study supports a more permanent and healthy flute education in terms of the technical clustering and stylistic analysis of the study. Analyses of works and studies conducted for instrument education are necessary and important in terms of better understanding and interpretation of works or studies that are studied.

Il s´agit d´une étude rétrospective de type descriptive et analytique, réalisée au sein du service de l´hématologie clinique de l´hôpital militaire d´instruction Mohammed V de Rabat, étalée sur 10 ans et portant sur 76 patients dont le diagnostique de SMD a été posé entre 2008 et 2018. Le nombre total des malades que nous avons recruté est de 76 patients, avec une moyenne annuelle de 7,6 cas. Parmi les 76 patients on dénombrait 57% d´hommes et 43% de femmes. L´âge moyen de notre population est de 65,75 ans ± 12,55. La moyenne d´âge est de 66,88 ± 13,10. Aucun cas de profession exposante n´a été trouvé. 97,3% ont un SMD primaire et seulement 2 patients soit 2,7% ont un SMD secondaire à une chimiothérapie anticancéreuse. Le délai entre la première consultation et le diagnostic du SMD est en moyenne est de 33,6 jours ± 51 avec une médiane de 19 jour. Le scorer pronostique IPSS était de faible risque dans 37,4% des cas, de risque intermédiaire 1 dans 46,6%des cas, risque intermédiaire dans 12% et de risque élève dans 4%. Donc 84% des patients avaient un SMD de faible risque et 16% avaient un SMD de haut risque. Le suivi régulier de nos malades, a permis de déceler de nombreuses complications à type: complications hémorragiques chez 13% des malades, complications infectieuses chez 8% des cas, l´hémochromatose secondaire, conséquence des transfusions itératives chez 6,6% des patients et la transformation en leucémie aiguë myéloïde chez 2,7% des malades. Dans notre étude, l´abstention était le choix thérapeutique pour 42,1% des patients, la transfusion a été préconisé chez 35,5% des patients: par des culots globulaires dans 70% des cas, par des concentrés plaquettaires dans 40% des cas, les chélateurs de fer chez 25% des patients transfusés et l´EPO a été prescrite chez 27% des patients. L´azacitidine était le choix prescrite pour 18% des malades, 50% avaient un SMD de faible risque et 50% avaient un SMD de haut risque. La greffe de moelle représente le seul moyen thérapeutique curatif des SMD, elle était réalisée chez un seul malade ayant un SMD est de haut risque.

Статья посвящена сравнительному анализу творчества двух художников-учеников И.И. Шишкина: алтайского — Г.И. Гуркина и дальневосточного — В.Г. Шешунова. Оба живописца прошли школу великого русского художника-пейзажиста в Императорской Академии художеств в Санкт-Петербурге. Григорий Иванович Гуркин стал одним из самых значительных мастеров русского реалистического пейзажа первой трети XX века, первым профессиональным художником Алтая. Василий Григорьевич Шешунов оказал столь же существенное влияние на становление художественной жизни Уссурийска и всего Приморья. В контексте преемственности художественной школы И.И. Шишкина жанрово-тематическое своеобразие, художественная манера, творческий метод этих двух мастеров сравниваются впервые. Материалом для исследования послужили живописные полотна художников из собраний Иркутского областного художественного музея им. В.П. Сукачева, Приморской государственной картинной галереи, Государственного художественного музея Алтайского края, Томского областного художественного музея.

We conducted a retrospective descriptive analytical study in the Department of Clinical Haematology at the Mohammed V Military Training Hospital in Rabat over a period of 10 years. This study included 76 patients diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) between 2008 and 2018. The average number of cases per year was 7.6. Out of 76 patients, 57% were men and 43% were women. The average age of our study population was 65.75 ± 12.55. The average age was 66.88 ± 13.10. No cases of profession exposed to disease was reported. Ninety-seven point three percent of patients had primary myelodysplastic syndrome and only 2 or 2.7% had myelodysplastic syndrome secondary to chemotherapy. The average time between the first visit and the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome was, on average, 33.6 days ± 51, with a median of 19 days. The IPSS prognostic score was: low risk in 37.4% of cases, intermediate risk 1 in 46.6% of cases, intermediate risk in 12% of cases and high risk in 4% of cases. Thus, 84% of patients had low-risk MDS and 16% had high-risk MDS. Regular monitoring of patients showed many complications such as bleeding in 13% of patients, infections in 8% of cases, secondary hemochromatosis as a result of iterative transfusions in 6.6% of patients and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia in 2.7% of patients. In our study, abstention was the therapeutic choice in 42.1% of patients, transfusion was recommended in 35.5% of patients: red cells in 70% of cases, platelet concentrates in 40% of cases, iron chelators in 25% of transfused patients and EPO in 27% of patients. azacitidine was prescribed in 18% of patients, 50% had low-risk MDS and 50% had high-risk MDS. Bone marrow transplant was the only curative treatment for MDS. It was performed in a single patient with high risk MDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The violin, which is defined as the smallest member of the string instrument family, is not only a wide range of sounds but also a fretless instrument and it is very technically rich with its difficulties. It is divided into two as right hand technique and left hand technique. While learning the instrument in violin education, correct working habits are important to develop technically and musically. In this study, it is aimed to be useful by presenting the transitions that are one of the left hand techniques, position studies and study suggestions that can be used in transferring them to the student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The etudes which have an important role in solving the technical and musical problems that an individual comes across during the instrument training are used effectively during this process in terms of purpose and practice. Within this scope, the etudes, a being part of systematic study to improve the technique, are thought to have an important place in solving the specific, technical and musical problems. The etudes written for the purpose of improving the instrument are the exercises that help to improve the instrument technique at the mastery level, which help to overcome many of the difficulties encountered in the studied work and which benefit the technique that the performer will gain. Many composers have written books about improving the instrument technique and mastery level. In this context, it's believed that C .J. Andersen's etude books which are among the flute literature have an important role in gaining technical and musical outcomes in flute training. For this purpose, technical and stylistic analysis of the Number 2 Etude in C. J. Andersen's Op. 15 has been done in this study. As a result of the research, it's been determined that etudes have an important place in flute training in terms of technical and musical development. This study supports a more permanent and healthy flute education in terms of the technical clustering and stylistic analysis of the study. Analyses of works and studies conducted for instrument education are necessary and important in terms of better understanding and interpretation of works or studies that are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Среди мастеров русской пейзажной живописи конца XIX – начала XX столетия, определивших ее лицо, важно отметить Станислава Юлиановича Жуковского (1873-1944) – выдающегося мастера дореволюционной и предреволюционной России. Его работы пронизаны человечностью, лиризмом, природа в них, выражаясь словами И.И. Левитана (1860-1900), «профильтрована через темперамент художника». В самой любви художника к русской природе, в существе его интереса к многообразным проявлениям ее жизни заключены, прежде всего, традиции саврасовско-поленовской школы. Он опирался в своем творчестве не только на пейзаж настроения И.И. Левитана, но и использовал опыт В.А. Серова (1865-1911) и К.А. Коровина (1861-1939), не повторяя ни одного из них.

Леонард (Леонид) Викторович Туржанский (1875-1945) – один из интереснейших русских художников начала XX века. Его небольшие работы, написанные непосредственно с натуры, отличаются точной и тонкой передачей определенного конкретного состояния природы. Они насыщены светом, солнцем, воздухом. В этих работах чувствуется большая любовь художника к могучей, плодородной, трепетной земле, к окружающему нас миру. Л.В. Туржанский очень скуп в выборе мотивов для своих пейзажей. Родные уральские места, деревня с ее улицами и покосившимися избами, усадьбы, пашни, молодые деревенские лошадки – вот, что волновало и вдохновляло художника. В этом обычном, простом он увидел большую красоту, силу и правду жизни.

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Youths exposed to armed conflict have a higher prevalence of mental health and psychosocial difficulties. Diverse interventions exist that aim to ameliorate the effect of armed conflict on the psychological and psychosocial wellbeing of conflict affected youths. However, the evidence base for the effectiveness of these interventions is limited. Using standard review methodology, this review aims to address the effectiveness of psycho -logical interventions employed among this population. The search was performed across four databases and grey literature. Article quality was assessed using the Downs and Black Quality Checklist (1998). Where possible, studies were subjected to meta-analyses. The remaining studies were included in a narrative synthesis. Eight studies concerned non clinical populations, while nine concerned clinical populations. Review findings conclude that Group Trauma Focused--Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is effective for reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and improving prosocial behaviour among clinical cohorts. The evidence does not suggest that interventions aimed at non clinical groups within this population are effective. Despite high quality studies, further robust trials are required to strengthen the evidence base, as a lack of replication has resulted in a limited evidence base to inform practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing subgroup of patients with poor outcomes after hip arthroscopy for intra-articular pathology suggesting unrecognized cause(s) of impingement may exist. Extra-articular hip impingement (EHI) is an emerging group of conditions that have been associated with intra-articular causes of impingement and may be an unrecognized source of pain. EHI is caused by abnormal contact between the extra-articular regions of the proximal femur and pelvis. This review discusses the most common forms for EHI including: central iliopsoas impingement, subspine impingement, ischiofemoral impingement, and greater trochantericpelvic impingement. The clinical presentation of each pathology will be discussed since EHI conditions share similar clinical features as the intra-articular pathology but also contain some unique characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]