Search

Ainea conzattii (R.C. Foster) Ravenna, Bot. Not. 132(4): 468. 1979. Sphenostigma conzattii R.C. Foster, Contr. Gray Herb. 165: 106. 1950. Tigridia conzatii (R.C. Foster) Goldblatt, Iris Fam. Nat. Hist. Class. 253. 2008. Type:— MEXICO. Oaxaca: camino Montelobos, de Nopalera a Huitzo, 2000 m, 23 June 1907, C. Conzatti 1904 (holotype: F 226051! / Bar Code 004595F) We include here an identification key to the two varieties of Ainea conzattii: - Inner tepals distinct from the outer tepals in shape and size, 6.6–9 mm long, 3–3.3 mm wide, formed by an elliptic to rhomboid blade, shortly unguiculate at the base and long acuminate at the apex........................................................ A. conzattii var. conzattii - Inner tepals similar to the outer tepals in shape and size, 1.4–2 cm long, 9–12.5 mm wide, elliptic and rounded at the apex, not unguiculate at the base........................................................................................................................... A. conzattii var. macropetala, Published as part of Martorell, Carlos, López-Ferrari, Ana Rosa, Espejo-Serna, Adolfo, García-Meza, Diego & Clayton, Rupert, 2023, Ainea conzattii (Iridaceae: Tigridieae) revisited: description of a new variety, pp. 1-6 in Phytotaxa 600 (1) on pages 2-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8054109

Ainea conzattii var. macropetala Martorell, Espejo & López-Ferr., var. nov. (Figures 2B–D; 3) Type:— MEXICO. Oaxaca: District of Coixtlahuaca, Municipiality of Tepelmeme Villa de Morelos, paraje Loma Amarilla, 2075 m, 17°52’54”N, 97°20’40”W, pastizal de Aristida, 9 July 2022, Y. Mora et al. X976 (holotype UAMIZ!; isotypes: FCME!, MEXU!). Nova varietas ab originali varietate differt in illis quae tepalis internis (petalis) similibus in forma et magnitudine tepalis externis (sepalis) vs. tepalis internis multo minora quam externis. Herbs 15–40 cm high. Bulbs ovoid to subglobose, 1–2.3 cm long, 9–18 mm diameter, covered by numerous dark brown cataphylls, sometimes extending upwards to form a 2–2.5 cm long collar at the base of the plant; basal leaves 2–5, green, linear, 10–20 cm long, 0.25–1 mm broad, acerose at the apex, old leaf bases remaining on plant, fibrous in appearance. Inflorescence one per plant; peduncle 13–22 cm long, ca. 1 mm diameter, cylindrical, glabrous, with a single linear-filiform bract at the base of spathes, 5–9 cm long; spathes sessile, 2–4.5 cm long, lanceolate, equal to subequal, convolute, the outer one longer than the inner one; rhipidium with 2–3 flowers, pedicels shorter than the spathes, filiform, glabrous. Flowers actinomorphic; perigonium 2.8–4 cm diameter; outer tepals white, elliptic to obovate, 1.4–2 cm long, 9–12.5 mm wide, rounded at the apex; inner tepals white with two basal lateral yellow spots and small and scattered dark spots, elliptic, similar in size to outer tepals, rounded at the apex; filaments yellow, 3–4 mm long, base slightly broad, anthers yellow, oblong, 6–7 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, dehiscent by a narrow lateral fissure, circinnate after anthesis, connective yellow-orange; ovary green, oblong to clavate, 2–3 mm long, ca. 1.2 mm diameter, style yellowish, long obconic, to 12.8 mm long, 1.6–1.7 mm diameter at the apex, stylar branches yellow 2.6–3 mm long, bifid, spreading, moderately thickened, secondary branches subulate with apical stigmatic areas. Capsule not seen. Ecological data:—Populations of Ainea conzattii var. macropetala are located only ± 75 km (straight line) NNW from those of the typical type variety (Figure 1). The plants grow at elevations close to 2000 m a.s.l., on calcareous hills and bloom during the months of June and July. The climate in the region is semi-arid with an average temperature of 15.5°C, and an annual rainfall of 474.8 mm that is concentrated between May and October (Servicio Meteorológico Nacional 2023). Vegetation corresponds to natural grasslands dominated by the genus Aristida Linnaeus (1753: 82) (Cruz-Cisneros and Rzedowski 1980). Conservation status:—The area where this variety grows is seriously threatened by the expansion of extensive pine afforestation under which the native grassland cannot develop. Assuming that this new variety is restricted to the calcareous temperate grasslands of northern Oaxaca, which cover about 50 km 2, and based on the rapid and extensive afforestation observed at the area (Martorell et al. 2022), this new variety must be considered as Endangered according to IUCN’s criterion B2b (a shrinking area of occupancy Ainea conzattii var. conzattii:— MEXICO. Oaxaca: DISTRICT of ETLA, Municipality of Santiago Tenango: a 1 km sobre la desviación a Santiago Tenango, carretera Oaxaca-Huajuapan, A. García-Mendoza & E. Martínez 4272 (MEXU), 1 km al N de la Carbonera, camino a Tenango, A. García-Mendoza et al. 7153 (MEXU, MO), 3 km al N de la Carbonera, camino a Tenango, A. García-Mendoza et al. 7157 (MEXU), 0.8 a 1.6 km de la brecha Carboneras-Santiago Tenango, A. Rodríguez 2948 (MEXU, UAMIZ); Municipality of San Juan del Estado, 10 km north of San Juan del Estado on the road towards San Miguel Aloapam, E. Norman 38 (ENCB). DISTRICT of JUXTLAHUACA, Municipality of San Juan Mixtepec, Yúu tzáan (Cañada de las Cazuelas), 5 km al SW de San Juan Mixtepec, A. García Mendoza and J. Reyes Santiago 5046 (MEXU), barrio Loma a 1.5 km al W de San Juan Mixtepec, J. Reyes Santiago 444 (MEXU (×2)), Yucu Shúun (Monte del Tesoro), a 16 km al S de San Juan Mixtepec, J. Reyes Santiago 882 (MEXU), Tres Cruces, a 16 km al NE de San Juan Mixtepec, J. Reyes Santiago 1653 (MEXU(×2), Yúu tzáan (Cañada de las Cazuelas), a 9 km al S de San Juan Mixtepec, J. Reyes Santiago 1935 (MEXU)., Published as part of Martorell, Carlos, López-Ferrari, Ana Rosa, Espejo-Serna, Adolfo, García-Meza, Diego & Clayton, Rupert, 2023, Ainea conzattii (Iridaceae: Tigridieae) revisited: description of a new variety, pp. 1-6 in Phytotaxa 600 (1) on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8054109, {"references":["Servicio Meteorologico Nacional (2023) Normales climatologicas. Tepelmeme de Morelos 1951 - 2010. Available at: https: // smn. conagua. gOb. mX / eS / InfOrmaCIOn-CIImatOIOgICa-pOr-eStadO? eStadO = Oax (Accessed May 23 2023).","Cruz-Cisneros, R. & Rzedowski, J. (1980) Vegetacioin de la Cuenca del riio Tepelmeme, Alta Mixteca, estado de Oaxaca (Meixico). Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Bioloigicas 22: 19 - 84.","Martorell, C., Garciia-Meza, D., Martiinez-Blancas, A., Zepeda, V. & Vaizquez-Ribera, C. (2022) Pastizales de la regioin Chocholteca: un despreciado reicord mundial de diversidad vegetal. In: La biodiversidad en Oaxaca. Estudio de Estado. Vol. I. CONABIO, Mexico, pp. 290 - 301.","IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. (Downloadable from https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf)."]}

Tillandsia bernalensis Hern.-Cárdenas, Espejo, López-Ferr. & L. Hern., sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2, 3A, A 1. Table 1) The new species is similar to Tillandsia parryi but differs in the width of the leaf blades (6–7 × vs. 3.5–3.7 cm in Tillandsia parryi), in the rachis exposure in mature spikes (not exposed vs. exposed), in the color of the floral bracts (bicolored, vinaceous at the apex, green at the base vs. unicolored, red to orange), in the floral bracts form and keel (obovate to oblong, ecarinate vs. elliptic to narrowly elliptic, carinate at the apex), and in the width of the sepals (1.1–1.3 vs. 0.75–1 cm). TYPE:— MÉXICO. Querétaro: municipio de Ezequiel Montes. Acantilados de la Peña de Bernal (20°44’53.88”N, 99°56’43.10”W), 2,265 m, March 3, 2022, R. Hernández-Cárdenas 2607 (holotype UAMIZ!, isotype MEXU!). Plants saxicolous, in flower ca. 87 cm tall; rosettes acaulescent, 55– 50 cm high, 60–75 cm in diameter, solitary or forming clumps of two to four rosettes. Leaves more than 20; sheath pale brown on both surfaces, oblong to ovate, 15–18 cm long, 6–11 cm wide, glabrous near the base and lepidote distally on both surfaces; blade pale green, narrowly triangular, 45–60 cm long, 6–7 cm wide, long attenuate, lepidote on both surfaces. Inflorescence terminal, erect, once branched of 16–20 sub-erect to ascending spikes; peduncle pale brown, terete, 4–8 cm long, 0.8–1.5 cm in diameter, glabrous, fully covered by the sheaths of the peduncle bracts, internodes 2–3 cm; peduncle bracts pale green, foliaceous, gradually decreasing in size distally, exceeding the internodes, lepidote on both surfaces, imbricate; axis red, pale brown when dry, terete, 25–28 cm long, 0.5–1 cm in diameter, glabrous, internodes 1.5–3 cm long; primary bracts vinaceous to reddish-green, pale brown to gray when dry, the sheath ovate, 3–5 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, the blade triangular to linear, gradually decreasing in size distally, the lower ones much exceeding the spike by the blade, the distal ones shorter than the spike, glabrous near the base and lepidote distally on both surfaces. Spikes flattened to subterete, distichously 5–12-flowered, 13–18 cm long, 1.4–1.8 cm wide; stipes terete, 4.5–5.5 cm long, 0.3–0.4 cm in diameter, glabrous, bracteate; stipe bracts 2–3, elliptic, 2.5–3 cm long, 1–1.2 cm wide, glabrous, nerved; rachis greenish red, pale brown when dry, terete, 1–2 mm in diameter, covered by the floral bracts, internodes 7–8 mm long; floral bracts green at the base, dirty vinaceous toward the apex and margins when fresh, obovate to oblong, 3–3.5 cm long, 1.5–1.7 cm wide, over four times longer than the internodes, exceeding the sepals, imbricate, acute, glabrous on both surfaces, nerved, ecarinate. Flowers appressed to the rachis, actinomorphic; corolla tubular, more slender at the base; receptacle 1–2 mm long; sepals free, green, narrowly elliptic, 2.8–3.0 cm long, 1.1–1.3 cm wide, acute, hyaline at the margins, the adaxial ones slightly carinate; petals free, white toward the base, violet in upper (exposed) part, narrowly oblanceolate to spathulate, 5–5.2 cm long, 0.8–0.95 cm wide, rounded at the apex, the apical margins slightly recurved, corolla apex constraining the filaments; stamens subequal, exserted; filament free, twisted, white toward the base, green distally, flat at the base, dilated, fleshy and subterete in the distal part, filiform, 5.5–5.8 cm long, 0.6–1.5 mm wide; anther black, narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic, 3–3.3 mm long, 1.0– 1.2 mm wide, sub-basifixed; ovary green, narrowly conic to narrowly ovoid, 9–10 mm long, 4–6 mm in diameter; style green, filiform, 5.5–6 cm long, 1–1.3 mm wide, equaling to exceeding the stamens; stylar branches dirty light-purple, conduplicate-spiral, ca. 3 mm long. Fruits unknown. Distribution and habitat: — Tillandsia bernalensis is only known from the type collection at the Peña de Bernal monolith, in the municipality of Ezequiel Montes, in the state of Querétaro (Fig. 1) that is part of the biogeographic province of the Chihuahuan desert (according to Morrone et al. 2017). The Peña de Bernal is a dacite Mesozoic monolith with a porphyritic structure composed mainly by plagioclase and hornblende crystals, and is isolated from the rest of geological formations, promoting the presence of endemic plant species (Aguirre-Díaz et al. 2013). The new species grows saxicolous on vertical rock walls where xerophilous scrub (according to Rzedowski 1978) with species of Agave, Hechtia, Fabaceae, and Opuntia predominates. Tillandsia bernalensis grows at elevations between 2,250 and 2,290 m a.s.l. and blooms from March to April. Etymology: —Specific epithet refers to the porphyritic monolith Peña de Bernal, on whose cliffs the new species grows. Observations: — Tillandsia bernalensis also has some similarities with T. suesilliae and T. tonalaensis. However, T. bernalensis differs from T. suesilliae in the width of the spikes (1.3–1.8 vs. 1.7–2.3 cm), in the length of the floral bracts (3–3.5 vs. 3.9–5 cm), in the size of the sepals (2.8–3 × 1–1.2 vs. 3.4–3.5 × 0.9–1 cm), and in the color of the petals (violet vs. green), amongst other differences (see Table 1). Tillandsia bernalensis can also be confused with T. tonalaensis but differs from it in the shape of the floral bracts (obovate to oblong vs. ovate to lanceolate), in the size of the sepals (2.8–3 × 1–1.2 vs. 3–3.5 × 0.8–1), and in its geographical distribution (Guanajuato vs. Oaxaca), see also Table 1 and Figure 3., Published as part of Hernández-Cárdenas, Rodrigo Alejandro, Espejo-Serna, Adolfo, Lópezferrari, Ana Rosa & Hernández-Sandoval, Luis, 2023, Tillandsia bernalensis (Tillandsioideae; Bromeliaceae), a new species from the state of Querétaro, Mexico, pp. 91-98 in Phytotaxa 583 (1) on pages 92-96, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.583.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/7609215, {"references":["Morrone, J. J., Escalante, T. & Rodriguez-Tapia, G. (2017) Mexican biogeographic provinces: map and shapefiles. Zootaxa 4277 (2): 277 - 279. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4277.2.8","Aguirre-Diaz, G., Aguillon-Robles, A., Tristan-Gonzalez, M., Labarthe-Hernandez, G., Lopez-Martinez, M., Bellon, H. & Nieto-Obregon, J. (2013) Geologic setting of the Pena de Bernal Natural Monument, Queretaro, Mexico: An endogenous volcanic dome. Geosphere 9: 557 - 571. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / GES 00843.1","Rzedowski, J. (1978) Vegetacion de Mexico. Limusa, D. F., 431 pp."]}