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1. Color-advertising strategies of invasive plants through the bee eye

Author: Martin Dessart, João Marcelo Robazzi Bignelli Valente Aguiar, Eric Tabacchi, Sylvie Guillerme, and Martin Giurfa
Subjects: invasive plants, honey bee, vision, color detection, color discrimination, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract: Invasive plants represent a significant global challenge as they compete with native plants for limited resources such as space, nutrients and pollinators. Here, we focused on four invasive species that are widely spread in the French Pyrenees, Buddleja davidii, Reynoutria japonica, Spiraea japonica and Impatiens glandulifera, and analyzed their visual advertisement signals with respect to those displayed by their surrounding native species using a perceptual approach based on the neural mechanisms of bee vision given that bees are regular pollinators of these plants. We collected 543 spectral reflections from the 4 invasive species, and 66 native species and estimated achromatic and chromatic similarities to the bee eye. R. japonica, S. japonica and B. davidii were inconspicuous against the foliage background and could be hardly discriminated in terms of color from their surrounding native plants. These characteristics promote generalization, potentially attracting pollinators foraging on similar native species. Two morphs of I. glandulifera were both highly salient in chromatic and achromatic terms and different from their surrounding native species. This distinctive identity facilitates detection and learning in association with rich nectar. While visual signals are not the only sensory cue accounting for invasive-plant success, our study reveals new elements for understanding biological invasion processes from the perspective of pollinator perceptual processes.
Published: 2024
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2. Contributors

Author: Knut Ola Aamodt, Skuja Agnija, Briede Agrita, Nuray (Emir) Akbulut, Aydın Akbulut, Margarita Alexevnina, Hans E. Andersen, Nikolas A. Arnaut, Sophie Ayrault, Mikhail Baklanov, Carole Barthélemy, Jürgen Bäthe, Christian Baumgartner, Serdar Bayarı, Horst Behrendt, Jean-Nicolas Beisel, Vitali V. Bekh, François Bertrand, Gilles Billen, Thomas Bittl, Hélène Blanchoud, Jürg Bloesch, Jim Bogen, Alberto Borges, Elena Borovikova, Jean-Paul Bravard, Vanessa Bremerich, John E. Brittain, Sturla Brørs, Catherine Carré, Georges Carrel, Emmanuel Castella, Dubravka Čerba, Régis Cereghino, Grigory Chuiko, F. Comiti, Alexandra Coynel, Béla Csányi, Francis Dauba, Alain Dauta, Grigore Davideanu, François Delmas, Ghislain de Marsily, Jean-Pierre Descy, Doriane Destrieux, Martin Dokulil, Marie-José Dole-Olivier, Alain Dutartre, Svetlana Dvinskikh, Jon Arne Eie, Parele Elga, Arturo Elosegi, Tatiana V. Eremkina, Henri Etcheber, null Euvgeny, Etienne Everbecq, Per Einar Faugli, Maria Joao Feio, Thibaut Feret, Helmut Fischer, Nicolas Flipo, Mathieu Floury, Georg Frank, Nikolai Friberg, Aleksandra Gancarczyk, Josette Garnier, Johnny Gasperi, Yury Gerasimov, Magali Gerino, Gavrilova Ģertrūde, Chris N. Gibbins, Stankūnavičius Gintautas, Gísli M. Gíslason, Rosa Gómez, Paul Gonthier, Manuel A.S. Graça, Iulia Grecu, Cecile Grosbois, B. Gumiero, Sprinǵe Gunta, Justyna Hachoł, Svein Haugland, Thomas Hein, Alan G. Hildrew, Carl.C. Hoffmann, Nils Arne Hvidsten, Kokorīte Ilga, Anna Istomina, Druvietis Ivars, Sonja C. Jähnig, Arne J. Jensen, Jean Joachim, Celia Joaquim-Justo, Dmitry Karabanov, Ioannis Karaouzas, Viktor M. Katolikov, Patrick Kestemont, Alexander Kitaev, Sergey. K. Kochanov, Alexander V. Kokovkin, Ludmila Korneva, Vladimír Kováč, Brian Kronvang, Leonid A. Kudersky, Vyacheslav V. Kuzovlev, Jan Henning L'Abée-Lund, Thibault Lambert, Nicolas Lamouroux, Adrien Latli, Valentina Lazareva, Maria Leitao, Laurence Lestel, Rob S.E.W. Leuven, Boris Levin, Puy Lim, Alexander Litvinov, Nataliya S. Loboda, Zalewski Maciej, B. Maiolini, Florian Malard, Iain A. Malcolm, Łapińska Małgorzata, Björn Malmqvist, Melnik Maria, Schletterer Martin, Kjetil Melvold, Michel Meybeck, Tibor Mikuska, Camille Minaudo, Natalya Mineeva, Florentina Moatar, Cédric Morana, F. Moroni, Jean-Marie Mouchel, Isabel Muñoz, Timo Muotka, Iulian Nichersu, Christer Nilsson, Victor Noskov, Franciszek Nowacki, Alexander Okhapkin, Jón S. Ólafsson, Jean-Michel Olivier, Naciye Nur Özyurt, Karin Pall, Vladimir Papchenkov, Isabel Pardo, Momir Paunović, Morten L. Pedersen, Svetlana Perova, Vegard Pettersen, Hervé Piégay, Lise-Marie Pigneur, Vasily I. Ponomarev, Carmen Postolache, Elena Presnova, Anne Probst, Ekaterina Pryanichnikova, Martin Pusch, Maja Raković, Jean-Pierre Rebillard, Skorupskas Ričardas, Gaumiga Ritma, Christopher T. Robinson, Stéphane Rodrigues, Fleur Roland, Anna M. Romaní, Sergi Sabater, Yalcın Sahin, Svein Jakob Saltveit, José-Miguel Sánchez-Pérez, Leonard Sandin, Cristina Sandu, Sabine Sauvage, Martin Schletterer, Laurent Schmitt, Martin Schneider-Jacoby, Franz Schöll, Matthias Scholten, Elena Seletkova, Pierre Servais, Grigory Shcherbina, Oleksandra O. Shumilova, Galina Shurganova, Boris G. Skakalsky, Nikolaos Th Skoulikidis, Nike Sommerwerk, Yves Souchon, Chris Soulsby, Katharina Stefke, Sonja Stendera, Angelina S. Stenina, Irina Stepanova, Alexander N. Sukhodolov, Lars M. Svendsen, Eric Tabacchi, Evelyne Tales, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Henn Timm, Klement Tockner, Ion Toderaş, Diego Tonolla, Alexander Tsvetkov, Urs Uehlinger, Laurent¸ia Ungureanu, Marin A. Usatii, Philippe Usseglio-Polatera, Gerard Van der Velde, Gisèle Verniers, Philippe Vervier, Irina Voroshilova, Karl Mathias Wantzen, Ewa Wnuk-Gławdel, Christian Wolter, Margarita I. Yarushina, Christiane Zarfl, null Zinov'ev, and Stamatis Zogaris
Published: 2022
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3. Influence of riverbank stabilization techniques on taxonomic and functional macrobenthic communities

Author: Kris Van Looy, Bernard Dumont, Eric Tabacchi, André Evette, Paul Cavaillé, and Mathieu Floury
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biodiversity, Species diversity, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Benthos, Ecosystem, Species richness, Bank, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, Riparian zone
Abstract: Riverbank erosion is linked to increasing risks in piedmont areas due to urbanization and hydromorphological alterations of rivers. Changes in riparian vegetation and in sediment dynamics modify aquatic macroinvertebrate communities. In this context, riverbank stabilization is a major issue in the conservation of stream ecosystem functioning. In this study, we aimed at assessing the impacts of riverbank stabilization techniques on the taxonomic and functional properties of benthic macroinvertebrate communities living in alpine mountain streams. For this purpose, the effects of four riverbank stabilization techniques (riprap, mixed, cribwall, and fascine) on the taxonomic richness and biological traits involved in the main ecological processes were tested and compared with natural bank conditions. Overall, the macroinvertebrate richness was lower in stabilized banks than in natural conditions, and communities welcomed on natural banks were significantly different from those found on managed banks. The biological trait composition such as “maximum potential size,” “life cycle duration,” “reproduction,” “feeding habits,” and “trophic status” differed significantly among riverbanks, especially between natural banks and the riprap, mixed, and cribwall trio. In a context of macroinvertebrate biodiversity and functional restoration, we can advocate the fascine technique as the most suitable technique tested.
Published: 2017
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4. Strategies to restore floodplain vegetation after abandonment of human activities

Author: Eric Tabacchi, Monique Poulin, Adrià Masip, and Eduardo González
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Flood myth, Floodplain, Agroforestry, Introduced species, Plant community, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural land, Revegetation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Riparian zone
Abstract: Restoring the flooding-related disturbance regime by removing and setting back flood defenses (channel widening) is the most efficient strategy for recovering riparian plant communities in floodplains formerly impacted by human activities such as agriculture, mining, and forestry. Removing flood defenses is generally not socially accepted, and alternative recovery strategies must be explored. We assessed vegetation establishment on 33 sites in the floodplains of the Middle Ebro River and three of its tributaries (NE Spain) where restoration approaches applied in the last 20 years include channel widening, floodplain excavation, and abandonment of agriculture, gravel extraction, and hybrid poplar plantations, with and without plantation of native species. Using analysis of similarity and ordinations, we found that channel widening led to plant communities closely resembling those found on natural gravel bars, including new recruits of keystone tree species. Excavation of the floodplain as the restoration approach resulted in pioneer, non-strictly riparian communities. Abandonment of agricultural land or clearing of poplar plantations resulted in alternative stable states predominating, regardless of time elapsed since restoration and whether poles of native species were planted. However, forest-like communities relatively similar to mature, natural riparian references were attainable when hybrid poplars were allowed to resprout after clear-cutting, or after the human activities were abandoned and trees were not cut. Combining channel widening and assisted revegetation where flood defenses cannot be altered may partially reproduce a mosaic of habitats typical of natural floodplains.
Published: 2016
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5. Species composition and plant traits: Characterization of the biogeomorphological succession within contrasting river corridors

Author: Dov Jean-François Corenblit, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, Eduardo González, Eric Tabacchi, Virginia Garófano-Gómez, Johannes Steiger, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Floodplain, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Fluvial, 02 engineering and technology, Ecological succession, Channelized, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Species composition, Garonne River, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, Riparian zone, Plant traits, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Landform, Ecology, Unchannelized, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fluvial biogeomorphological succession, Plant community, Allier River, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, 020801 environmental engineering, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Riparian vegetation, Channel (geography)
Abstract: [EN] Plant communities and dynamics can be characterized according to species composition or plant traits. Here, we used species composition and plant traits to compare their effectiveness in discriminating the biogeomorphological (involving reciprocal feedbacks between physical and biological processes) and ecological (mainly biologically driven) phases of the fluvial biogeomorphological succession (FBS) model. The comparison was done between two French rivers, the largely unchannelized lower Allier and the channelized middle Garonne. One reach representative of each river section was selected for the study. Within each river reach, we chose two contrasted study sites in terms of channel and floodplain dynamics: a reference site (least altered channel and floodplain dynamics) and an altered site (laterally stabilized by riprap and constrained). In the four study sites, we sampled vegetation in 402 plots of 4 m2. The 512 species identified in the plots were characterized in terms of plant traits (20) from a literature review. When comparing reaches in unconstrained ordinations and per mutational multivariate analyses of variance, both species composition and plant traits led to a similar identification of the biogeomorphological and the ecological successional trajectories. Nevertheless, the trait approach was less influenced by local and regional bioclimatic, hydrogeomorphological, and anthropogenic settings and thus produced a more comprehensive and general classification of the biogeomorphological and ecological phases of the FBS model. A lower than expected contrast between the four sites was found, because neither species composition nor plant traits could entirely characterize distinct successional trajectories occurring in our reference or altered sites. Furthermore, our results contributed to a better understanding of the multiple successional trajectories that can occur in midlatitude river corridors. It also showed that relating plant traits to their effects on fluvial landform dynamics remains a core challenge in explaining succession including feedback mechanisms between hydrology, morphodynamics, and vegetation dynamics., French National Centre of Scientific Research; French Ministry of Ecology, Environment, Sustainable Development and Planning
Published: 2019
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6. Niche construction within riparian corridors. Part II: The unexplored role of positive intraspecific interactions in Salicaceae species

Author: Luc Lambs, Thierry Otto, Virginia Garófano-Gómez, Johannes Steiger, Borbála Hortobágyi, Frédéric Julien, Erwan Roussel, Eric Tabacchi, Dov Jean-François Corenblit, Eduardo González, Irène Till-Bottraud, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Positive biotic interactions, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography, Biogeomorphology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Niche, Root grafting, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem engineer, Intraspecific competition, Niche construction, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Mycorrhizal network, Mycorrhiza, 010606 plant biology & botany, Earth-Surface Processes, Woody plant, Riparian zone
Abstract: [EN] Within riparian corridors, Salicaceae trees and shrubs affect hydrogeomorphic processes and lead to the formation of wooded fluvial landforms. These trees form dense stands and enhance plant anchorage, as grouped plants are less prone to be uprooted than free-standing individuals. This also enhances their role as ecosystem engineers through the trapping of sediment, organic matter, and nutrients. The landform formation caused by these wooded biogeomorphic landforms probably represents a positive niche construction, which ultimately leads, through facilitative processes, to an improved capacity of the individual trees to survive, exploit resources, and reach sexual maturity in the interval between destructive floods. The facilitative effects of riparian vegetation are well established; however, the nature and intensity of biotic interactions among trees of the same species forming dense woody stands and constructing the niche remain unclear. Our hypothesis is that the niche construction process also comprises more direct intraspecific interactions, such as cooperation or altruism. Our aim in this paper is to propose an original theoretical framework for positive intraspecific interactions among riparian Salicaceae species operating from establishment to sexual maturity. Within this framework, we speculate that (i) positive intraspecific interactions among trees are maximized in dynamic river reaches; (ii) during establishment, intraspecific facilitation (or helping) occurs among trees and this leads to the maintenance of a dense stand that improves survival and growth because saplings protect each other from shear stress and scour; (iii) in addition to the improved capacity to trap mineral and organic matter, individuals that constitute the dense stand can cooperate to mutually support a mycorrhizal network that will connect plants, soil, and groundwater and influence nutrient transfer, cycling, and storage within the shared constructed niche; (iv) during post-establishment, roots form functional grafts between neighbouring trees to increase biomechanical and physiological anchorage as well as nutrient acquisition and exchange; and (v) these stands remain dense on alluvial bars until a threshold of landform construction and hydrogeomorphic disconnection is reached. At this last stage, intraspecific competition for resources (light and nutrients) increases, inducing a density reduction in the aerial stand (i.e., self-thinning), but root systems of altruistic individuals could remain functional via root grafting. Finally, we suggest new methodological perspectives for testing our hypotheses related to the occurrence of positive intraspecific interactions among Salicaceae trees in fluvial landform and niche construction through in situ and ex situ experiments., During the development of the ideas proposed in this article, Dov Corenblit had a chaire d'excellence position at the French National Research Centre (CNRS); Virginia Garafano-Gomez had a post-doctoral grant from the Universite Blaise Pascal (now: Universite Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France), and Borbala Hortobagyi received funding for her Ph.D. (contrat de recherche) from the French Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research. We thank S. Luhmann-Steiger for helping us with the English editing, and the editors, D. Butler and It Marston, for handling our manuscript and their feedback.
Published: 2018
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7. Engineer pioneer plants respond to and affect geomorphic constraints similarly along water-terrestrial interfaces world-wide

Author: Angela M. Gurnell, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Luc Lambs, Thorsten Balke, Borbála Hortobágyi, François Fromard, Frédéric Julien, Daehyun Kim, Virginia Garófano-Gómez, J. Anthony Stallins, Johannes Steiger, Romain Walcker, Eduardo González, Eric Tabacchi, Dov Jean-François Corenblit, and Andreas C.W. Baas
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Global and Planetary Change, geography, Pioneer species, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Fluvial, Vegetation, Ecological succession, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem engineer, Niche construction, 13. Climate action, Salt marsh, Environmental science, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: AIM Within fluvial and coastal ecosystems world-wide, flows of water, wind and sediment generate a shifting landscape mosaic composed of bare substrate and pioneer and mature vegetation successional stages. Pioneer plant species that colonize these ecosystems at the land–water interface have developed specific traits in response to environmental constraints (response traits) and are able to modify habitat conditions by modulating geomorphic processes (effect traits). Changes in the geomorphic environment under the control of engineer plants often feed back to organism traits (feedback traits), and thereby ecosystem functioning, leading to eco-evolutionary dynamics. Here we explain the joint foundations of fluvial and coastal ecosystems according to feedback between plants and the geomorphic environment. LOCATION Dynamic fluvial and coastal ecosystems world-wide. METHOD Drawing from a pre-existing model of ‘fluvial biogeomorphic succession’, we propose a conceptual framework showing that fluvial and coastal ‘biogeomorphic ecosystems’ are functionally similar due to eco-evolutionary feedbacks between plants and geomorphology. RESULTS The relationships between plant traits and their geomorphic environments within different fluvial and coastal biogeomorphic ecosystems are identified and classified within a framework of biogeomorphic functional similarity according to three criteria: (1) pioneer plants develop specific responses to the geomorphic environment; (2) engineer plants modulate the geomorphic environment; (3) geomorphic changes under biotic control within biogeomorphic ecosystems feed back to organisms. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The conceptual framework of functional similarity proposed here will improve our capacity to analyse, compare, manage and restore fluvial and coastal biogeomorphic ecosystems world-wide by using the same protocols based on the three criteria and four phases of the biogeomorphic succession model.
Published: 2015
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8. ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS MODULATE EXOTIC INVASIONS IN RIPARIAN PLANT COMMUNITIES BY MODIFYING HYDROGEOMORPHIC CONNECTIVITY

Author: Eduardo González, Johannes Steiger, Eric Tabacchi, Dov Jean-François Corenblit, and Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Agroforestry, Species diversity, Plant community, Ecological succession, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem engineer, Geography, 13. Climate action, Vegetation type, Environmental Chemistry, Species richness, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, Riparian zone
Abstract: Patterns of native and exotic plant species richness and cover were examined in relation with ecosystem engineer effects of pioneer vegetation within the Mediterranean gravel bed river Tech, South France. The floristic composition was characterized according to two distinct vegetation types corresponding to two habitats with contrasted conditions: (i) open and exposed alluvial bars dominated by herbaceous communities; and (ii) islands and river margins disconnected from annual hydrogeomorphic disturbances and covered by woody vegetation. A significant positive correlation between exotic and native plant species richness and cover was observed for both vegetation types. However, significant differences in native and exotic species richness and cover were found between these two vegetation types. Higher values of total species richness and Shannon diversity were attained within the herbaceous vegetation type than within the woody type. These differences are most likely related to changes in local exposure to hydrogeomorphic disturbances driven by woody engineer plant species and to vegetation succession. A lower exotic species cover within the woody vegetation type than within the herbaceous type suggested an increase of resistance to invasion by exotic species during the biogeomorphic succession. The engineer effects of woody vegetation through landform construction resulted in a decrease of alpha (a) diversity at the patch scale but, in parallel, caused an increase in gamma (g) diversity at the scale of the studied river segment. Our study corroborates recent investigations that support the theory of biotic acceptance of exotic species by native species at the local scale (generally
Published: 2012
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9. Light interception principally drives the understory response to boxelder invasion in riparian forests

Author: Marion Bottollier-Curtet, Franck Poly, Eric Tabacchi, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, Jean-Yves Charcosset, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement - ECOLAB ( ECOLAB ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Claude Bernard-Lyon I - UCBL (FRANCE), Institut d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement - VetAgro Sup (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), and French MESR
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Plant community, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem engineer, Canopy shading, Riparian forest, Salix alba, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Riparian zone, Ecologie, Environnement, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Tree canopy, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Understory, 15. Life on land, Acer negundo, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Since several decades, American boxelder (Acer negundo) is replacing white willow (Salix alba) riparian forests along southern European rivers. This study aims to evaluate the consequences of boxelder invasion on understory community in riparian areas. We determined the understory species richness, composition and biomass in boxelder and white willow stands located in three riparian forests, representative of three rivers with distinct hydrological regimes. We investigated correlation of these variables to soil moisture and particle size, main soil nutrient stocks, potential nitrification and denitrification, tree canopy cover and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) at the ground level. A greenhouse experiment was then conducted to identify the causal factors responsible for changes in the understory. The effect of soil type, PAR level and water level on the growth and the biomass production of Urtica dioica were examined. A lower plant species richness and biomass, and a modification of community composition were observed for boxelder understory in all sites, regardless of their environmental characteristics. The strongest modification that follows boxelder invasion was the decline in U. dioica, the dominant species of the white willow forest understory. These differences were mainly correlated with a lower incident PAR under boxelder canopy. The greenhouse experiment identified PAR level as the main factor responsible for the changes in U. dioica stem number and biomass. Our results indicate that adult boxelder acts as an ecosystem engineer that decreases light availability. The opportunistic invasion by boxelder leads to important understory changes, which could alter riparian ecosystem functioning.
Published: 2011
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10. Degradation of native and exotic riparian plant leaf litter in a floodplain pond

Author: Jean-Yves Charcosset, Eric Tabacchi, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, and Marion Bottollier-Curtet
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Buddleja davidii, Floodplain, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Detritivore, Introduced species, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, Plant litter, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Decomposer, Invasive species, Riparian zone
Abstract: 1. A litter-bag experiment was undertaken in a pond on the margins of a large temperate floodplain in south-western France to assess the potential influence of the replacement of native by exotic riparian species on organic matter degradation. We determined initial litter chemical composition, breakdown rates and the invertebrate assemblages associated with the litter for five pairs of native dominant and exotic invasive species co-occurring at different stages along a successional gradient. 2. Litter chemical composition, breakdown rates and abundance and diversity of detritivorous invertebrates were similar for the exotic and native species overall. No overall changes in organic matter degradation can thus be predicted from the replacement of dominant natives by exotic invasives. Breakdown rates were primarily driven by the C⁄N ratio. 3. One invasive species (Buddleja davidii) showed significantly higher breakdown rates than its native counterpart (Populus nigra), resulting in the disappearance of leaf litter 6 months prior to the next litterfall. In some cases, therefore, invasion by exotic species may result in discontinuity of resource supply for decomposers.
Published: 2011
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11. Exotic and native plant community distributions within complex riparian landscapes: A positive correlation

Author: Eric Tabacchi and Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Floodplain, Plant community, Introduced species, Native plant, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Plant cover, Species richness, Transect, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone
Abstract: We studied the riparian vegetation on the agricultural floodplain of the Middle Garonne River (SW France) in order to compare native and exotic plant community patterns. In total, we investigated the vegetation of 1,824 plots during four seasons along 50-m-long transects delineated transversely from the banks of five types of water bodies (subsystems) differing by their exposure to natural and to human-induced disturbance. Exotic species accounted for 21% of the total of 726 species identified. We characterized native and exotic plant communities of each subsystem on the basis of Grime's ecological strategies, species lifespan, species richness, and species cover. The communities of each subsystem were compared with respect to the landscape structure (35 patch types) and to their distribution according to the distance to the bank of each water body, the distance to the main channel of the river, the annual duration of inundation, the total plant cover, the total species richness, and the proporti...
Published: 2005
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12. Restoration of riparian vegetation: A global review of implementation and evaluation approaches in the international, peer-reviewed literature

Author: Eric Tabacchi, Anna A. Sher, Adrià Masip, Eduardo González, and Monique Poulin
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Floodplain, Monitoring, Scientific literature, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Assessment, Global Health, Rivers, Humans, Evaluation, Waste Management and Disposal, Restoration ecology, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Riparian zone, geography, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, business.industry, Water Pollution, Environmental resource management, General Medicine, Vegetation, Plants, Restoration, Spatial ecology, business, Riparian vegetation, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: We examined how restoration of riparian vegetation has been implemented and evaluated in the scientific literature during the past 25 years. A total of 169 papers were read systematically to extract information about the following: 1) restoration strategies applied, 2) scale of monitoring and use of reference sites, 3) metrics used for evaluation, and 4) drivers of success. Hydro-geomorphic approaches (e.g., dam operations, controlled floods, landform reconfiguration) were the most frequent, followed by active plant introduction, exotic species control, natural floodplain conversion and grazing and herbivory control. Our review revealed noteworthy limitations in the spatio-temporal approaches chosen for evaluation. Evaluations were mostly from one single project and frequently ignored the multi-dimensional nature of rivers: landscape spatial patterns were rarely assessed, and most projects were assessed locally (i.e., ≤meander scale). Monitoring rarely lasted for more than six years and the projects evaluated were usually not more than six years old. The impact of the restoration was most often (43%) assessed by tracking change over time rather than by comparing restored sites to unrestored and reference sites (12%), and few projects (30%) did both. Among the ways which restoration success was evaluated, vegetation structure (e.g., abundance, density, etc.) was assessed more often (152 papers) than vegetation processes (e.g., biomass accumulation, survival, etc.) (112 papers) and vegetation diversity (78 papers). Success was attributed to hydro-geomorphic factors in 63% of the projects. Future evaluations would benefit from incorporating emerging concepts in ecology such as functional traits to assess recovery of functionality, more rigorous experimental designs, enhanced comparisons among projects, longer term monitoring and reporting failure. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd., This research was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme.
Published: 2015

13. Functional and taxonomic plant diversity for riverbank protection works: bioengineering techniques close to natural banks and beyond hard engineering

Author: Eric Tabacchi, Vincent Breton, André Evette, Paul Cavaillé, Léon Ducasse, Fanny Dommanget, Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Engineering, Erosion control, Biodiversity, Bioengineering, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Rivers, Ruderal species, Humans, Transect, Waste Management and Disposal, Ecosystem, Pioneer species, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plant community, General Medicine, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Plants, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Species richness, France, Switzerland, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Erosion control is a major issue in the Prealps region since piedmont is subject to both intense flood hazards and anthropic pressure. Riverbank protections may have major impacts on local ecosystem functioning and ecological corridor continuity. This study aimed to estimate the effects of the types of riverbank protection technique (from pure riprap to pure bioengineering) on the taxonomic and ecological composition of plant communities in comparison with unmanaged riverbanks as the referential system. Thirty-eight embankments were sampled in the foothills of the French and Swiss Alps. Four distinct riverbank techniques were analyzed and natural young willow stands were chosen as the referential system. At each site, vegetation was sampled along three transects from the waterline to the top of the riverbank. Plant communities were characterized using biological group composition (growth forms and life history, life strategies and distribution in space and time) and functional diversity indices (MFAD, FDc and wFDc). We identified 177 distinct plant species on 38 sites. Higher species richness levels were observed on bioengineered banks (from an average of 12 species recorded on ripraps to 27 species recorded on bioengineered banks) strongly dominated by Salicaceae species, especially for fascine and cribwall banks. Functional analyses of plant communities highlighted significant differences among bank types (p-value: 0.001) for all selected biological groups. Competitive - ruderal strategy, rooting shoots, stems or leaves that lie down or break off, and unisexual - dioecious, as well as pioneer plants and low shrubs (
Published: 2015
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14. Impacts of riparian vegetation on hydrological processes

Author: Henri Décamps, Eric Tabacchi, Luc Lambs, Etienne Muller, Hélène Guilloy, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE)
Subjects: Hydrology, geography, River management, geography.geographical_feature_category, Evapotranspiration, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Plant community, Ecological succession, Stratification (vegetation), Vegetation, Runoff control, Water consumption, Water quality, Environmental science, Water cycle, Surface runoff, Riparian vegetation, Water Science and Technology, Riparian zone
Abstract: The main impacts of riparian vegetation on hydrological processes are briefly reviewed in order to highlight needs and perspectives for research and management goals. This review is based upon three distinct influences of riparian vegetation on hydrological processes: (i) the control of runoff, i.e. the physical impact of living and dead plants on hydraulics, (ii) the impact of plant physiology on water uptake, storage and return to the atmosphere, and (iii) the impact of riparian vegetation functioning on water quality. Riparian vegetation influences runoff through complex hydraulic interactions during baseflows as well as overbank flows. The contribution of fine vegetational structures to landscape hydrological roughness needs to be considered in relation to the spatial complexity (patchiness, vertical stratification, rhizosphere) and temporal variability (phenology, succession) of plant communities. With the exception of some woody species, the uptake, storage and return of water to the atmosphere is poorly known for riparian communities, and therefore the assessment of the regional hydrological importance of the riparian corridor remains difficult to estimate. Although better understood than the above two influences of riparian vegetation on hydrological processes, there are still a number of unresolved issues concerning the role of riparian vegetation in controlling water quality. In particular, little is known about the coupling of microbial and vegetational functions in nutrient cycling and the dynamics of carbon release from coarse and fine plant debris. The influence of vegetation complexity and plant diversity on both qualitative and quantitative aspects of water cycling remains an important area for future research. Fundamental and management issues are identified in relation to the use of riparian vegetation as a model and as a tool.
Published: 2000
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15. Analyse de la biodiversité des protections de berges en rivières préalpines françaises suivant un gradient de naturalité

Author: Grégory Loucougaray, Nathan Daumergue, Eric Tabacchi, Paul Cavaillé, Fanny Dommanget, Thomas Spiegelberger, André Evette, Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut national de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture - IRSTEA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Environmental Engineering, Erosion control, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Beetle diversity, Biodiversity, Bioengineering, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, RIPARIAN CORRIDOR, Riverbank, Transect, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Riparian zone, Biodiversity assessment, geography, Exotic plant, geography.geographical_feature_category, Agroforestry, Ecology, Riparian corridors, 15. Life on land, Plant diversity, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Bank
Abstract: International audience; Erosion control of riverbank is frequently necessary to protect human investments situated along rivers. The technique chosen for such erosion control construction may have major impacts on biodiversity and on the functioning of river corridors. Even if there is agreement, that biodiversity should be one criterion for choosing embankments techniques little is known about whether such techniques can accommodate biodiversity. We aimed to determine coleopteran and plant taxonomic diversities along a naturality gradient of riverbank protection systems, ranking from entirely civil engineering structures, through combined constructions (mixing civil engineering and bioengineering), to purely bioengineering structures. Fifteen sites (five sites of each technique) were sampled in the Rhône-Alpes region (S.E. France). On each site, vegetation was sampled along three transects from the bottom to the top of the riverbank and flying beetles by trapping. In total, we recorded 148 plant species and 78 beetle genera. We found significantly lower animal and plant diversities within civil engineering constructions than in the other two techniques. Diversities of both techniques tended to be higher, although not significantly, in combined techniques than in purely bioengineering ones. Furthermore, civil engineering structures were more subject to invasion by exotic plant species than the two other techniques. These results quantify and highlight the interest of bioengineering techniques compared to civil engineering in enhancing biodiversity and limiting invasive species techniques.
Published: 2013
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16. Invasibility of Species-Rich Communities in Riparian Zones

Author: Robert J. Naiman, Henri Décamps, Collette Deferrari, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, and Eric Tabacchi
Subjects: geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Forestry, Context (language use), Invasive species, Geography, Physical structure, Riparian forest, Species richness, Alien species, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Global biodiversity, Riparian zone
Abstract: Invasibility of riparian plant communities was estimated by the percentage of alien species found along the Adour River (Southwest France) and along Lockout Creek, McKenzie River, and Willamette River (Central Cascades, Oregon, U.S.A.). At the patch scale, the invasibilities of riparian plant communities were compared between one exceptionally rich site of the Adour River and patches selected in the Hoh and Dungeness watersheds (Olympic Peninsula, Washington, U.S.A.). Alien species represented 24% of 1396 species for the Adour and 30% of 851 species for the McKenzie. They represented 24% of 148 species for the Hoh drainage and 28% of 200 species for the Dungeness drainage. Similar trends were found along the Adour River and along the McKenzie River for changes in total number of species per site and in percentages of alien species per site. These trends may be related to the intermediate disturbance regimes and to the physical structure of the riparian corridors. Climatic and human factors are also involved in these longitudinal changes. Positive linear relationships were found between the total number of species and the percentage of aliens observed in each site. At the patch scale, most of the sampled communities contained alien species. Although mature vegetative patches appeared to be invasible, young communities contained more alien species than older ones. For entire corridors, a positive linear relationship was found between total species richness and percentage of alien species in each patch type for the richest site of the Adour River. This may be partially explained by landscape features considered in a successional context. We suggest the use of empirical rules, and stress the importance of riparian systems for monitoring the conservation of local and regional species pools are suggested. Se estimo la propension de las comunidades de plantas riberenas a la invasion a partir del porcentaje de especies invasoras encontradas a lo largo del Rio Adaour (Sudoeste de Francia) y a lo largo del arroyo Lookout/Rio McKenzie/Rio Willamette (Cascadas Centrales, Oregon, EUA). A escala de porche una la propension de la comunidad de plantas riberenas a las invasiones fue comparda, entre un sitio excepcionalmente rico en el Rio Adour y parches seleccionados en las cuencas de Hoh y Dungeness (Peninsula Olimpica, Washington, EUA). Las especies invasoras representaron un 24% de las 1396 especies de Adour y un 30% de las 851 especies de McKenzie. Estas tambien representaron un 24% de las 148 especies de la cuenca de Hoh y un 28% de las 200 especies de la cuenca de Dungeness. Tendencias similares fueron encontradas a lo largo del Rio Adour y del McKenzie, para los cambios en el numero total de especies y en el porcentaje de especies invasoras por sitio. Estas tendencias podrian estar relacionadas a los regimenes intermedios de perturbacion y a la estructura fisica de los corredores riberenos. Los factores climaticos y humanos tambien se encuentran involucrados en estos cambios longitudinales. Se encontro una relacion lineal positiva entre el numero total de especies y el porcentaje de especies invasoras observado en cada sitio. A una escala de parche, la mayoria de las muestras de la comunidad contenian especies invasoras. Sin bien, los parches vegetativos maduros parecieron ser propensos a la invasion, las comunidades mas jovenes presentaron mas especies invasoras que las comunidades mas antiguas. En cuanto a los corredores en su totalidad, se encontro una relacion lineal positiva entre la riqueza total de especies y el porcentaje de especies invasoras en cada tipo de parche para el sito mas rico del Rio Adour. Esta relacion puede ser explicada parcialmente por las caracteristicas del paisaje, consideradas dentro de un contexto sucesional. Se sugiere el uso de reglas empiricas y la importancia de los sistemas riberenos para el monitoreo de la conservacion de grupos de especies locales y regionales.
Published: 1996
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17. Impacts of biological invasions: What's what and the way forward

Author: Virginie Maris, Michel Pascal, Eric Tabacchi, Emili García-Berthou, David A. Wardle, James Aronson, Ronaldo Sousa, Franck Courchamp, Montserrat Vilà, Daniel Simberloff, Jean-Louis Martin, Piero Genovesi, Bella S. Galil, Petr Pyšek, [et al.], Universidade do Minho, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research - IOLR (ISRAEL), Universitat de Girona, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Charles University [Prague], University of Porto, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Missouri Botanical Garden, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Universidade do Porto, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), ANR PEXT 010 01, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Universidade do Minho = University of Minho [Braga], Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Espanya), Academy of Sciences (CZECH REPUBLIC), AgroParisTech (FRANCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique - CIRAD (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - CSIC (SPAIN), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - IRD (FRANCE), Montpellier SupAgro (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Montpellier 1 (FRANCE), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes - EPHE (FRANCE), International Union for Conservation of Nature - IUCN (SWITZERLAND), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale - ISPRA (ITALY), Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet - SLU (SWEDEN), Charles University (CEZCH REPUBLIC), Universitat de Girona - UdG (SPAIN), Universidade do Minho (PORTUGAL), Université de Montpellier 3 (FRANCE), University of Tennessee - UT (USA), Universidade do Porto - UP (PORTUGAL), Université Paris-Sud 11 (FRANCE), Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive - CEFE (Montpellier, France), Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution - ESE (Orsay, France), Ecologie et Santé des Ecosystèmes - ESE (Rennes, France), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Scrutiny, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Ecology (disciplines), Biosecurity, Biology, long-term management, Public opinion, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, eradication, societal perception, Animals, Environmental impact assessment, Resource management, Biological invasions, Invasions biològiques, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Introduced organisms, Science & Technology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 4. Education, Communication, Environmental resource management, Uncertainty, Environmental ethics, community and ecosystem impact, Ecosystèmes, Animal ecology, Public Opinion, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Introduced Species, Espècies introduïdes, biosecurity
Abstract: Study of the impacts of biological invasions, a pervasive component of global change, has generated remarkable understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of the spread of introduced populations. The growing field of invasion science, poised at a crossroads where ecology, social sciences, resource management, and public perception meet, is increasingly exposed to critical scrutiny from several perspectives. Although the rate of biological invasions, elucidation of their consequences, and knowledge about mitigation are growing rapidly, the very need for invasion science is disputed. Here, we highlight recent progress in understanding invasion impacts and management, and discuss the challenges that the discipline faces in its science and interactions with society., The workshop that spawned this paper was sponsored by CEFE-CNRS, the University of Montpellier (UM2) and the Région Languedoc Roussillon. P.P. was supported by grant no. P504/11/1028 (Czech Science Foundation), long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939 (Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic), institutional resources of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, and acknowledges the support by Praemium Academiae award from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. D.A.W. was supported by a Wallenberg Scholars award, E.G.B. by the Spanish Ministry of Science (projects CGL2009-12877-C02-01 and CSD2009- 00065), M.V. by the Spanish Ministry of Science projects CGL2009-7515 and CSD2008-00040 and the Junta de Andalucıía RNM-4031, and F.C. by the French ANR (2009 PEXT 010 01)., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2013
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18. Biogeomorphologic succession dynamics in a Mediterranean river system

Author: Johannes Steiger, Dov Jean-François Corenblit, Eric Tabacchi, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), King‘s College London, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université de Limoges - UNILIM (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Blaise Pascal - UBP (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure d'architecture de Clermont Ferrand - ENSACF (FRANCE), King's College London (UNITED KINGDOM), Maison des Sciences de l’Homme - MSH (FRANCE), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Flood myth, Landform, Ecology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Fluvial, Vegetation, Ecological succession, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Ecosystèmes, 13. Climate action, Biogeomorphologic, Riparian forest, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone
Abstract: International audience; Biogeomorphologic succession (i.e. reciprocal adjustments between vegetation and geomorphologic dynamics) of the Mediterranean River Tech, France, was analysed using aerial photographs over a period of sixty years between 1942 and 2000. A spatial analysis of the biogeomorphologic succession was undertaken considering effects of flood regime. Interactions between vegetation dynamics and flood events largely controlled the spontaneous replacement of the dense riparian forest removed in October 1940 during an exceptional high magnitude flood event with a recurrence time !100 yr. In response to this major disturbance event, the fluvial landscape demonstrated a very high resilience emphasizing the existence of a positive feedback driven by pioneer riparian vegetation. The observed feedback corresponded to landform accretion, vegetation succession and to an increase of biogeomorphologic stability under current hydrogeomorphologic and bioclimatic conditions. The evolution of the biogeomorphologic system toward stabilisation appeared to be non-linear with a threshold occurring thirty years after the exceptional destructive flood event. This threshold materialized a reinforcement of biogeomorphologic cohesive forces driven by vegetation dynamics. This study showed the control of riparian vegetation on the dynamics of Mediterranean fluvial landscapes and pointed to the need to improve our knowledge about biogeomorphologic succession cycles and threshold dynamics within different biogeomorphologic settings.
Published: 2010
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19. Implication of biological and physical diversity for resilience and resistance patterns within Highly Dynamic River Systems

Author: Dov Jean-François Corenblit, Johannes Steiger, Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, Michael T. Monaghan, Eric Tabacchi, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University College of London [London] (UCL), Leibniz-Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Leibniz Association, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université de Limoges - UNILIM (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Blaise Pascal - UBP (FRANCE), King's College London (UNITED KINGDOM), Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries - IGB (GERMANY), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), King‘s College London, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Ecology (disciplines), Resistance, Biodiversity, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biologie animale, Fluvial geomorphology, Ecosystem, Resilience (network), Restoration ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Ecologie, Environnement, Resilience, Ecology, Resistance (ecology), business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, River system, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, Disturbance (ecology), Conceptual framework, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecological community, business
Abstract: International audience; The structure and function of alluvial Highly Dynamic River Systems (HDRS) are driven by highly variable hydrological disturbance regimes, and alternate between resistant, metastable states and resilient, transitional states. These are in turn subject to influences of feedback loops within hydrogeomorphic and biological processes. Here we consider how resistance and resilience largely determine HDRS ecosystem trajectories and how these characteristics can be modified by natural and anthropogenic processes. We review the mechanisms by which biodiversity can affect both resistance and resilience and introduce a conceptual framework that incorporates some unique HDRS characteristics. We suggest that resilient and resistant patterns frequently coexist in the active tract of these river systems, and that this coexistance promotes the return of metastable states after major disturbances. In contrast, highly resistant and poorly resilient patterns dominate at their external boundaries. The loss of these natural dynamics resulting from direct and indirect human impacts causes deviations to resistance and resilience patterns and therefore to HDRS trajectory. We propose that understanding the role of interactions between biological and physical processes that control resistance and resilience is crucial for system restoration and management.
Published: 2009
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20. A model of plant strategies in fluvial hydrosystems

Author: Cliff R. Hupp, Eric Tabacchi, Jean-Claude Rostan, Sara Puijalon, Gudrun Bornette, Spatial Ecology, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Fluviaux (EHF), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), US Geological Survey [Denver], United States Geological Survey [Reston] (USGS), Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), and Center for estuarine and marine ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, disturbance, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flood myth, Floodplain, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, river, Fluvial, erosion processes, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, River bed, Life history theory, life-history traits, deposition processes, Plant strategies, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: 1. We propose a model of plant strategies in temperate fluvial hydrosystems that considers the hydraulic and geomorphic features that control plant recruitment, establishment and growth in river floodplains. 2. The model describes first how the disturbance gradient and the grain-size of the river bed load affect the relative proportion of erosion and deposition processes, and how the frequency of flood disturbance affects the intensity of such processes. 3. Secondly, the model predicts plant strategies according to direct and indirect effects of floods (disturbances through erosion versus deposition processes, and associated nutrient excess or limitation). 4. The relevance of the model as a prediction tool is discussed. Some proposals are made to validate the model, and traits are proposed that should be considered in future research for improving the predicting value of the model.
Published: 2008

21. Continuity and discontinuity of the riparian vegetation along a fluvial corridor

Author: Anne-Marie Planty-Tabacchi, Eric Tabacchi, and Odile Decamps
Subjects: Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Geography, Planning and Development, Fluvial, Classification of discontinuities, Floristics, Discontinuity (geotechnical engineering), Nature Conservation, Landscape ecology, Geology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Riparian zone
Abstract: The concept of continuity/discontinuity is applied to the riparian vegetation of the corridor of the River Adour (S.W. France), in order to precisely define longitudinal structure, and to test the degree of floristic continuity of the fluvial axis. The measure of floristic connectance along the river course is based on presence/absence data, and is applied to successive stretches of the river, at various resolution levels. This analysis shows that the River Adour corridor cannot be assumed to be floristically continuous. The observed discontinuities may correspond to two types of change in the riparian vegetation: zones of slow change (high level of floristic connectance) or zones of sharp change (low level of floristic connectance).
Published: 1990
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22. Patterns of denitrification rates in European alluvial soils under various hydrological regimes

Author: Fabrice Bureau, Bruna Gumiero, Lena B. M. Vought, Eric Tabacchi, Olivier Gimenez, Christer Nilsson, A. M. Tabacchi-Planty, Tim Burt, Virgil Iordache, Gilles Pinay, Mariet M. Hefting, V. A. Black, Henri Décamps, Geoffrey E. Petts, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire Dynamique de la Biodiversité (LADYBIO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham University, Umeå University, University of Bucharest (UniBuc), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Kristianstad University College - HKR (SWEDEN), University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Denitrification, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Floodplain, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Context (language use), Soil science, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Silt, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, riparian zone, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nitrate, Water content, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Riparian zone, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, microbial process, river floodplain, 15. Life on land, Europe, climate change, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental science
Abstract: 1. Denitrification in floodplain soils is one of the main biological processes emitting and reducing nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas, and the main process responsible for the buffering capacity of riparian zones against diffuse nitrate pollution. 2. The aim of this study was to measure denitrification rates under a wide range of current climatic conditions and hydrological regimes in Europe (from latitude 64°N to latitude 42°N and from longitude 2°W to longitude 25°E), in order to determine the response patterns of this microbial process under different climatic and hydrological conditions, and to identify denitrification proxies robust enough to be used at the European scale. 3. Denitrification activity was significant in all the floodplain soils studied whatever the latitude. However, we found an increase in rates of an order of magnitude from high to mid latitudes. Maximum rates (above 30 g N m?2 month?1) were measured in the maritime conditions of the Trent floodplain. These rates are similar to mineralisation rates measured in alluvial soils and of the same order of magnitude as the amount of N stored in herbaceous plants in alluvial soils. 4. We used Multivariate Adaptative Regression Splines to relate the response variable denitrification with five relevant predictors, namely soil moisture, temperature, silt plus clay, nitrate content and herbaceous plant biomass. 5. Soil moisture, temperature, and nitrate were the three main control variables of microbial denitrification in alluvial soils in decreasing order of importance. 6. The model developed for denitrification with interaction effects outperformed a pure additive model. Soil moisture was involved in all interactions, emphasising its importance in predicting denitrification. 7. These results are discussed in the context of scenarios for future change in European hydrological regimes.
Published: 2007
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22 results on '"Eric Tabacchi"'

1. Color-advertising strategies of invasive plants through the bee eye

2. Contributors

3. Influence of riverbank stabilization techniques on taxonomic and functional macrobenthic communities

4. Strategies to restore floodplain vegetation after abandonment of human activities

5. Species composition and plant traits: Characterization of the biogeomorphological succession within contrasting river corridors

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8. ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS MODULATE EXOTIC INVASIONS IN RIPARIAN PLANT COMMUNITIES BY MODIFYING HYDROGEOMORPHIC CONNECTIVITY

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15. Analyse de la biodiversité des protections de berges en rivières préalpines françaises suivant un gradient de naturalité

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19. Implication of biological and physical diversity for resilience and resistance patterns within Highly Dynamic River Systems

20. A model of plant strategies in fluvial hydrosystems

21. Continuity and discontinuity of the riparian vegetation along a fluvial corridor

22. Patterns of denitrification rates in European alluvial soils under various hydrological regimes

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