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137 results on '"Eric Fleury"'

1. Longitudinal data collection to follow social network and language development dynamics at preschool

Author: Sicheng Dai, Hélène Bouchet, Márton Karsai, Jean-Pierre Chevrot, Eric Fleury, and Aurélie Nardy
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Measurement(s) RSSI values (proximity interactions within a preschool) • sociodemographic information about children • children language skills (vocabulary and syntax) Technology Type(s) RFID badges • questionnaire • language tests Sample Characteristic - Organism Homo sapiens Sample Characteristic - Environment preschool Sample Characteristic - Location France
Published: 2022
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2. Temporal social network reconstruction using wireless proximity sensors: model selection and consequences

Author: Sicheng Dai, Hélène Bouchet, Aurélie Nardy, Eric Fleury, Jean-Pierre Chevrot, and Márton Karsai
Subjects: Physical proximity networks, Temporal network reconstruction, Supervised learning, Data driven modelling of spreading processes, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: Abstract The emerging technologies of wearable wireless devices open entirely new ways to record various aspects of human social interactions in a broad range of settings. Such technologies allow to log the temporal dynamics of face-to-face interactions by detecting the physical proximity of participants. However, despite the wide usage of this technology and the collected datasets, precise reconstruction methods transforming the raw recorded communication data packets to social interactions are still missing. In this study we analyse a proximity dataset collected during a longitudinal social experiment aiming to understand the co-evolution of children’s language development and social network. Physical proximity and verbal communication of hundreds of pre-school children and their teachers are recorded over three years using autonomous wearable low power wireless devices. The dataset is accompanied with three annotated ground truth datasets, which record the time, distance, relative orientation, and interaction state of interacting children for validation purposes. We use this dataset to explore several pipelines of dynamical event reconstruction including earlier applied naïve approaches, methods based on Hidden Markov Model, or on Long Short-Term Memory models, some of them combined with supervised pre-classification of interaction packets. We find that while naïve models propose the worst reconstruction, Long Short-Term Memory models provide the most precise way to reconstruct real interactions up to ∼ 90 % ${\sim} 90\%$ accuracy. Finally, we simulate information spreading on the reconstructed networks obtained by the different methods. Results indicate that small improvement of network reconstruction accuracy may lead to significantly different spreading dynamics, while sometimes large differences in accuracy have no obvious effects on the dynamics. This not only demonstrates the importance of precise network reconstruction but also the careful choice of the reconstruction method in relation with the data collected. Missing this initial step in any study may seriously mislead conclusions made about the emerging properties of the observed network or any dynamical process simulated on it.
Published: 2020
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3. Influence of Solidification Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of Al0.8CrCuFeNi2 High Entropy Alloy

Author: Julien Zollinger and Eric Fleury
Subjects: solidification, high entropy alloys, mechanical properties, microstructure, multi-phase alloys, Technology
Abstract: The solidification microstructure of Al0.8CrCuFeNi2 high entropy alloy consists of primary fcc dendrites decorated with interdendritic bcc and B2 phases. In this work the mechanical properties obtained for columnar oriented growth and equiaxed microstructures are compared. Highest properties are obtained for columnar structures when loading is parallel to the growth direction due to confinement of the deformation inside the columnar dendrite trunks.
Published: 2020
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4. Close proximity interactions support transmission of ESBL-K. pneumoniae but not ESBL-E. coli in healthcare settings.

Author: Audrey Duval, Thomas Obadia, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Fleury, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Didier Guillemot, Laura Temime, Lulla Opatowski, and i-Bird Study group
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Antibiotic-resistance of hospital-acquired infections is a major public health issue. The worldwide emergence and diffusion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP), is of particular concern. Preventing their nosocomial spread requires understanding their transmission. Using Close Proximity Interactions (CPIs), measured by wearable sensors, and weekly ESBL-EC-and ESBL-KP-carriage data, we traced their possible transmission paths among 329 patients in a 200-bed long-term care facility over 4 months. Based on phenotypically defined resistance profiles to 12 antibiotics only, new bacterial acquisitions were tracked. Extending a previously proposed statistical method, the CPI network's ability to support observed incident-colonization episodes of ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP was tested. Finally, mathematical modeling based on our findings assessed the effect of several infection-control measures. A potential infector was identified in the CPI network for 80% (16/20) of ESBL-KP acquisition episodes. The lengths of CPI paths between ESBL-KP incident cases and their potential infectors were shorter than predicted by chance (P = 0.02), indicating that CPI-network relationships were consistent with dissemination. Potential ESBL-EC infectors were identified for 54% (19/35) of the acquisitions, with longer-than-expected lengths of CPI paths. These contrasting results yielded differing impacts of infection control scenarios, with contact reduction interventions proving less effective for ESBL-EC than for ESBL-KP. These results highlight the widely variable transmission patterns among ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae species. CPI networks supported ESBL-KP, but not ESBL-EC spread. These outcomes could help design more specific surveillance and control strategies to prevent in-hospital Enterobacteriaceae dissemination.
Published: 2019
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5. Optimal Proxy Selection for Socioeconomic Status Inference on Twitter

Author: Jacob Levy Abitbol, Eric Fleury, and Márton Karsai
Subjects: Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract: Individual socioeconomic status inference from online traces is a remarkably difficult task. While current methods commonly train predictive models on incomplete data by appending socioeconomic information of residential areas or professional occupation profiles, little attention has been paid to how well this information serves as a proxy for the individual demographic trait of interest when fed to a learning model. Here we address this question by proposing three different data collection and combination methods to first estimate and, in turn, infer the socioeconomic status of French Twitter users from their online semantics. We assess the validity of each proxy measure by analyzing the performance of our prediction pipeline when trained on these datasets. Despite having to rely on different user sets, we find that training our model on professional occupation provides better predictive performance than open census data or remote sensed expert annotation of habitual environments. Furthermore, we release the tools we developed in the hope it will provide a generalizable framework to estimate socioeconomic status of large numbers of Twitter users as well as contribute to the scientific discussion on social stratification and inequalities.
Published: 2019
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6. Efficient Broadcasting in Self-Organizing Sensor Networks

Author: Nathalie Mitton, Anthony Busson, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Published: 2006
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7. Electronic sensors for assessing interactions between healthcare workers and patients under airborne precautions.

Author: Jean-Christophe Lucet, Cédric Laouenan, Guillaume Chelius, Nicolas Veziris, Didier Lepelletier, Adrien Friggeri, Dominique Abiteboul, Elisabeth Bouvet, France Mentre, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: BackgroundDirect observation has been widely used to assess interactions between healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients but is time-consuming and feasible only over short periods. We used a Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) system to automatically measure HCW-patient interactions.MethodsWe equipped 50 patient rooms with fixed sensors and 111 HCW volunteers with mobile sensors in two clinical wards of two hospitals. For 3 months, we recorded all interactions between HCWs and 54 patients under airborne precautions for suspected (n = 40) or confirmed (n = 14) tuberculosis. Number and duration of HCW entries into patient rooms were collected daily. Concomitantly, we directly observed room entries and interviewed HCWs to evaluate their self-perception of the number and duration of contacts with tuberculosis patients.ResultsAfter signal reconstruction, 5490 interactions were recorded between 82 HCWs and 54 tuberculosis patients during 404 days of airborne isolation. Median (interquartile range) interaction duration was 2.1 (0.8-4.4) min overall, 2.3 (0.8-5.0) in the mornings, 1.8 (0.8-3.7) in the afternoons, and 2.0 (0.7-4.3) at night (PConclusionsThe RFID was well accepted by HCWs. This original technique holds promise for accurately and continuously measuring interactions between HCWs and patients, as a less resource-consuming substitute for direct observation. The results could be used to model the transmission of significant pathogens. HCW perceptions of interactions with patients accurately reflected reality.
Published: 2012
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8. Neighbor discovery in multi-hop wireless networks: evaluation and dimensioning with interferences considerations

Author: Elyes Ben Hamida, Guillaume Chelius, Anthony Busson, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract: In this paper, we study the impact of collisions and interferences on a neighbor discovery process in the context of multi-hop wireless networks. We consider three models in which interferences and collisions are handled in very different ways. From an ideal channel where simultaneous transmissions do not interfere, we derive an alternate channel where simultaneous transmissions are considered two-by-two under the form of collisions, to finally reach a more realistic channel where simultaneous transmissions are handled under the form of shot-noise interferences. In these models, we analytically compute the link probability success between two neighbors as well as the expected number of nodes that correctly receive a Hello packet. Using this analysis, we show that if the neighbor discovery process is asymptotically equivalent in the three models, it offers very different behaviors locally in time. In particular, the scalability of the process is not the same depending on the way interferences are handled. Finally, we apply our results to the dimensioning of a Hello protocol parameters. We propose a method to adapt the protocol parameters to meet application constraints on the neighbor discovery process and to minimize the protocol energy consumption.
Published: 2008

9. Thermally-activated hardening recovery in viscoplastic materials with kinematic hardening at high temperatures

Author: Léo Thiercelin, Francis Praud, Fodil Meraghni, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Hardening recovery, Kinematics hardening, Mechanics of Materials, Mécanique: Mécanique des solides [Sciences de l'ingénieur], General Materials Science, Constitutive model, Mécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Viscoplasticity, Instrumentation, Thermomechanical behaviour
Abstract: In this work, a new constitutive model is proposed to describe the thermally-activated hardening recovery mechanism in metallic materials. This model takes up the concept of hardening recovery variable, which is extended to the case of kinematic hardening within a thermo-viscoplastic formulation including high temperature dependencies for both elastic and viscoplastic properties. The model is identified for AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel using experimental data from uni-axial tests conducted over a wide range of temperature (from room temperature to 1273 K) and at two different strain rates (2.5 × 10 −4 and 2.5 × 10 −3 s −1 ). Validation is further achieved with rather good agreements by comparing the simulated responses with additional experimental data where the material is subjected to complex thermomechanical loading paths while other examples are presented to provide a better insight of the model and to illustrate its predictive capabilities.
Published: 2023
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10. Hydrogen concentration dependence of phase transformation and microstructure modification in metastable titanium alloy β-21S

Author: Jing Wen, Nathalie Allain, Fei Cao, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Materials science, Hydrogen, 020502 materials, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Titanium alloy, Nanoparticle, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Microstructure, Crystallography, 0205 materials engineering, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Metastability, Martensite, Lattice (order), engineering, General Materials Science
Abstract: The present study aims at revealing the relationships between hydrogen concentration and phase structure, as well as microstructure modification in the β-metastable β-21S titanium alloy. The β-bcc phase can accommodate a large number of interstitial atoms, and hydrogenation by means of molecular hydrogen gas was employed in the present work. The phase structure as well as the microstructure of this alloy was found to be strongly dependent on hydrogen concentration. At lower hydrogen concentration (H/M ≤ 0.300), the microstructure consisting of the single β-phase revealed that the interstitially dissolved hydrogen atoms expanded the bcc lattice and inhibited the decomposition of the β phase upon cooling. The introduction of hydrogen beyond H/M = 0.300 was found to generate a large amount of internal stresses in the microstructure inducing the formation of metastable phases α'' in the form of lamellae and ω in the form of nanoparticles. The generation of the nanosized ω-phase was presumed to relax the strain caused by the volume expansion (2.28%) from the hydrogen-containing β phase to the α'' martensite.
Published: 2020
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11. Author Correction: Measuring dynamic social contacts in a rehabilitation hospital: effect of wards, patient and staff characteristics

Author: Audrey Duval, Thomas Obadia, Lucie Martinet, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Fleury, Didier Guillemot, Lulla Opatowski, Laura Temime, I-Bird study group, Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)
Subjects: Rehabilitation hospital, Cross Infection, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease, Long-Term Care, Hospitals, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, Medicine, Interpersonal Relations, lcsh:Q, Health Facilities, Medical emergency, Author Correction, business, lcsh:Science
Abstract: Understanding transmission routes of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) is key to improve their control. In this context, describing and analyzing dynamic inter-individual contact patterns in hospitals is essential. In this study, we used wearable sensors to detect Close Proximity Interactions (CPIs) among patients and hospital staff in a 200-bed long-term care facility over 4 months. First, the dynamic CPI data was described in terms of contact frequency and duration per individual status or activity and per ward. Second, we investigated the individual factors associated with high contact frequency or duration using generalized linear mixed-effect models to account for inter-ward heterogeneity. Hospital porters and physicians had the highest daily number of distinct contacts, making them more likely to disseminate HAI among individuals. Conversely, contact duration was highest between patients, with potential implications in terms of HAI acquisition risk. Contact patterns differed among hospital wards, reflecting varying care patterns depending on reason for hospitalization, with more frequent contacts in neurologic wards and fewer, longer contacts in geriatric wards. This study is the first to report proximity-sensing data informing on inter-individual contacts in long-term care settings. Our results should help better understand HAI spread, parameterize future mathematical models, and propose efficient control strategies.
Published: 2020
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12. The role of Fe particle size and oxide distribution on the hydrogenation properties of ball-milled nano-crystalline powder mixtures of Fe and Mg

Author: Jin-Yoo Suh, Jae-Hyeok Shim, Young Whan Cho, Eric Fleury, Jee Yun Jung, Young-Su Lee, and Julien O. Fadonougbo
Subjects: Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Kinetics, Composite number, Doping, Metals and Alloys, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hydrogen storage, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Particle-size distribution, Materials Chemistry, Particle size, 0210 nano-technology, Powder mixture
Abstract: In the aim of evidencing the relationship between Mg2FeH6 synthesis and the size of Fe particles, several specimens have been prepared by applying various milling energies (milling time) on a 2.1 Mg and 1Fe powder mixture doped with a small fraction of Unsaturated Fatty Amine (UFA). The resulting nano-crystalline composite structures display a broad Fe particle size distribution as a function of milling time. The hydrogenation of those complex powders has been conducted at temperatures lower than 400 °C under 60 bar of hydrogen pressure. As expected, the Fe particle size significantly influenced the hydrogenation kinetics. Also, the inevitable distribution of a minor fraction of oxides occurring during the milling process affected greatly the hydrogen storage capacity. Under the low pressure and temperature conditions selected in the frame of this study, lower than 100 bar and 500 °C conventionally used for synthesis of high purity Mg2FeH6, the hydrogenation reaction was demonstrated to be almost completed within 6 h, confirming the fast hydrogen absorption capability of the prepared materials. Plus, nearly 84 wt% of Mg2FeH6 was achieved under the afore mentioned moderate conditions and a minor fraction of unreacted Fe still remained due to diffusion constraints existing at low temperatures.
Published: 2019
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13. Determination of orientation relationships between FCC-hydride and HCP-titanium and their correlation with hydrides distribution

Author: Jing Wen, Nathalie Allain, Eric Fleury, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, and HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)
Subjects: Materials science, Stereographic projection, Titanium hydride, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Texture (geology), chemistry.chemical_compound, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Materials Chemistry, interface planes, Precipitation (chemistry), Plane (geometry), Hydride, Mechanical Engineering, Orientation relationships, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Electron backscatter diffraction, Grain orientation, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Deformation (engineering), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Since the crystallographic orientation relationships (ORs) play an important role in the hydrides precipitation as well as in the deformation behavior of α-titanium alloys containing hydrides, the present work aimed at exploring thoroughly the ORs and their interface planes between the fcc-hydride and the α-titanium using the stereographic projections of the corresponding OR plane and OR direction and a trace analysis. In addition to the general reported two ORs in the α-titanium, a new OR closely related to the texture component of the rolled Ti-sheet is also determined in the present work. The overall identified ORs and their interface planes are accounted for by edge-to-edge matching model. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis using the high-angular resolution SEM-EBSD highlighted the dependency of hydride distribution on the ORs and the parent grain orientation.
Published: 2020
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14. Mechanisms of oxide dependent tribological behavior in Ti / Steel sliding and influence of nanostructured surfaces

Author: Thierry Grosdidier, Eric Fleury, Laurent Weiss, Philippe Bocher, and Pierre Maurel
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Materials science, 0203 mechanical engineering, chemistry, 021105 building & construction, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, Tribology, Composite material, TA1-2040, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Abstract: The tribological behavior of pure titanium having coarse-grained or nanostructured surfaces has been investigated against a steel ball moved with an alternative motion. The nanostructures were obtained by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT) both at room and at cryogenic temperatures. An unexpected wear behavior was revealed: the hard steel ball was abraded for all cases even if it was several times harder compared to the Ti surface. This was due to the formation of a third body consisting of hard Ti oxides. Interestingly, important variations of the coefficient of friction were also revealed during the rubbing process. These variations could be separated into three successive stages, each with its specific wear mechanisms. The wear regimes were related to changes in the third body layer formed between the Ti and steel surfaces. SMAT changed the formation kinetics of the third body. The temperature at which the SMAT was conducted also introduced different third body formation kinetics. Important variations in the wear resistance were consequently observed between each surface condition.
Published: 2020

15. Nanometer-scale phase separation and formation of delta ZrH2 in Cu-Zr binary amorphous alloys

Author: Gyeung-Ho Kim, Julien O. Fadonougbo, Jin-Yoo Suh, Young Whan Cho, Eric Fleury, and Cheol-Hwee Shim
Subjects: Materials science, Amorphous metal, Hydride, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Zirconium hydride, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, Differential scanning calorimetry, Mechanics of Materials, Phase (matter), Materials Chemistry, engineering, Physical chemistry, Dehydrogenation, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Different Cu-Zr alloys were hydrogenated under 100 bars of hydrogen pressure at different temperatures. The hydrogenation induced transformation of the initially amorphous phase into a polycrystalline structure characterized by its nanoscale ( 2 . Calorimetry measurements after hydrogenation showed a low temperature exothermic transformation occurring in the alloys hydrogenated at temperatures below 473 K, followed by multiple endothermic peaks at higher temperature attributed to dehydrogenation of different hydride phases. Activation barrier energies of the phase transformation were derived from Kissinger's method, and further characterization involving transmission electron microscopy revealed the existence of delta ZrH 2 with cubic structure contrasting with the typical epsilon ZrH 2 with tetragonal structure. This study evidences the effect of hydrogen pressure, temperature, and the alloy chemistry on the nature of the hydride formation in Cu-Zr binary amorphous alloys during the hydrogenation procedure.
Published: 2017
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16. Location, Occupation, and Semantics based Socioeconomic Status Inference on Twitter

Author: Eric Fleury, Jacob Levy Abitbol, Márton Karsai, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), ANR-15-CE38-0011,SoSweet,Une sociolinguistique de Twitter : liens sociaux et variations linguistiques(2015), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, Inference, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Semantics, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, Computer Science - Computers and Society, 0302 clinical medicine, Computers and Society (cs.CY), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Feature (machine learning), Socioeconomic status, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Data collection, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Social network, business.industry, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Data science, Social stratification, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Computation and Language (cs.CL), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
Abstract: The socioeconomic status of people depends on a combination of individual characteristics and environmental variables, thus its inference from online behavioral data is a difficult task. Attributes like user semantics in communication, habitat, occupation, or social network are all known to be determinant predictors of this feature. In this paper we propose three different data collection and combination methods to first estimate and, in turn, infer the socioeconomic status of French Twitter users from their online semantics. Our methods are based on open census data, crawled professional profiles, and remotely sensed, expert annotated information on living environment. Our inference models reach similar performance of earlier results with the advantage of relying on broadly available datasets and of providing a generalizable framework to estimate socioeconomic status of large numbers of Twitter users. These results may contribute to the scientific discussion on social stratification and inequalities, and may fuel several applications., Accepted as a full paper in the 2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Data Mining - IWSC'18 2nd International Workshop on Social Computing
Published: 2019
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17. Close proximity interactions support transmission of ESBL-K. pneumoniae but not ESBL-E. coli in healthcare settings

Author: Jean-Louis Herrmann, Thomas Obadia, Laura Temime, Audrey Duval, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Lulla Opatowski, Eric Fleury, Didier Guillemot, Bodescot, Myriam, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID, Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Malaria : parasites et hôtes - Malaria : parasites and hosts, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Bioinformatique évolutive - Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Service de Microbiologie [Garches], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Infection et inflammation (2I), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), This study was supported by the European Commission under the Life Science Health Priority of the 6th Framework Program (MOSAR network contract LSHP-CT-2007-037941), funding was also received from the French Government through the National Clinical Research Program and the Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID, http://www.agencenationale-recherche.fr/ProjetIA-10-LABX-0062) to DG and from the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique (EHESP, https://www.ehesp.fr/) to AD., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Species Delimitation, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Nosocomial Infections, Speciation, Health Care Providers, Nurses, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, law.invention, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Antibiotics, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Klebsiella, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, polycyclic compounds, Infection control, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical Personnel, Biology (General), Escherichia coli Infections, 0303 health sciences, Cross Infection, Ecology, biology, Antimicrobials, K pneumoniae, Drugs, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Hygiene, Middle Aged, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Care facility, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Pathogens, Professions, Transmission (mechanics), Infectious Diseases, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Medical Microbiology, Modeling and Simulation, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Pathogens, Wireless Technology, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Evolutionary Processes, QH301-705.5, Microbiology, beta-Lactamases, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Environmental health, Microbial Control, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Genetics, medicine, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Escherichia coli, Humans, Molecular Biology, Microbial Pathogens, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Aged, Pharmacology, Infection Control, Evolutionary Biology, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Health Care, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Antibiotic Resistance, Healthcare settings, People and Places, bacteria, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Antimicrobial Resistance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Antibiotic-resistance of hospital-acquired infections is a major public health issue. The worldwide emergence and diffusion of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, including Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP), is of particular concern. Preventing their nosocomial spread requires understanding their transmission. Using Close Proximity Interactions (CPIs), measured by wearable sensors, and weekly ESBL-EC–and ESBL-KP–carriage data, we traced their possible transmission paths among 329 patients in a 200-bed long-term care facility over 4 months. Based on phenotypically defined resistance profiles to 12 antibiotics only, new bacterial acquisitions were tracked. Extending a previously proposed statistical method, the CPI network’s ability to support observed incident-colonization episodes of ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP was tested. Finally, mathematical modeling based on our findings assessed the effect of several infection-control measures. A potential infector was identified in the CPI network for 80% (16/20) of ESBL-KP acquisition episodes. The lengths of CPI paths between ESBL-KP incident cases and their potential infectors were shorter than predicted by chance (P = 0.02), indicating that CPI-network relationships were consistent with dissemination. Potential ESBL-EC infectors were identified for 54% (19/35) of the acquisitions, with longer-than-expected lengths of CPI paths. These contrasting results yielded differing impacts of infection control scenarios, with contact reduction interventions proving less effective for ESBL-EC than for ESBL-KP. These results highlight the widely variable transmission patterns among ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae species. CPI networks supported ESBL-KP, but not ESBL-EC spread. These outcomes could help design more specific surveillance and control strategies to prevent in-hospital Enterobacteriaceae dissemination., Author summary Tracing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) dissemination in hospitals is an important step in the fight against the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Indeed, understanding ESBL spreading dynamics will help identify efficient control interventions. In the i-Bird study, patients and hospital staff from a French long-term care facility carried a wearable sensor to capture their interactions at less than 1.5 meters, every 30 seconds over a 4-month period. Every week, patients were also swabbed to detect carriage of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Based on the analysis of these longitudinal data, this study shows that ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) mostly spreads during close-proximity interactions between individuals, while this is not the case for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), suggesting that ESBL-KP but not ESBL-EC may be controlled by contact reduction interventions.
Published: 2019
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18. Mechanical properties and microstructural study of homogeneous and heterogeneous laser welds in α, β,and α + β titanium alloys

Author: Julien Zollinger, Laurent Weiss, Alexandre Mathieu, Eric Fleury, Pierre Sallamand, Eugen Cicala, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Equiaxed crystals, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Thin layers, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Titanium alloy, 02 engineering and technology, Welding, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, engineering.material, Microstructure, 020501 mining & metallurgy, law.invention, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0205 materials engineering, Mechanics of Materials, law, Ultimate tensile strength, engineering, Composite material, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract: International audience; Heterogeneous welding has been investigated for three different couples of titanium alloys: α/α + β, α/β,andα + β/β. Plates of 100 × 60 mm and 1.6 or 1.8 mm thick were welded with a Yb:YAG laser. Tensile tests show that the resistance of the heterogeneous welded specimens was generally controlled by those of the weakest material except for the α + β/β where the ultimate tensile strength was approximately equal to the average value of both materials. In every case, the elongation of the welded sample was found to be smaller than that of the base metals. The rupture generally took place outside the weld metal and was found to be most of the time located in the alloy having the lowest mechanical properties. Nevertheless, a few large-size porosities detected by tomography in the α + β/β couple could explain why rupture for these samples occurred in the weld bead. For each couple, the porosities were situated at the board between the heat-affected zone and the molten zone. EBSD maps and EDX enabled the observation of different microstructures, which could be correlated to the heterogeneous composition and diffusion into the melted bath. When the stable microstructure of one of the couple alloys is the β phase, the molten zone of the bead consists of an alternative disposition of thin layers made of large equiaxed β grains and nano-martensite α′. That is explained by the weak diffusion of the alloying elements.
Published: 2019
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19. Oxide dependent wear mechanisms of titanium against a steel counterface: Influence of SMAT nanostructured surface

Author: Laurent Weiss, Philippe Bocher, Eric Fleury, Pierre Maurel, Thierry Grosdidier, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), and Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS)
Subjects: Third body, Nanostructure, Materials science, Kinetics, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Tribology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Steel ball, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 0203 mechanical engineering, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, Layer (electronics), Titanium
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of the tribological behavior of a steel ball on pure titanium has been carried out under alternative motion on both, a coarse grained Ti surface and its nanostructured derivative obtained by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Along the duration of the tribology test, variations in friction behavior were interpreted as a three stages sequence of different wear mechanisms that were controlled by the successive formation of Ti-rich and Fe-rich oxides. Surface nanostructures appeared to change the oxide formation kinetics and delay the formation of a protective Fe-rich third body oxide layer on Ti. The results indicate that apparently contradicting literature results can be explained by taking into account the contamination induced during the SMAT process.
Published: 2019
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20. Hydrogen-induced decomposition of Cu–Zr binary amorphous metallic alloys

Author: Cheol-Hwee Shim, Soogyeong Han, Julien O. Fadonougbo, Jin-Yoo Suh, Gyeung-Ho Kim, Man-Ho Kim, Eric Fleury, Young Whan Cho, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies
Subjects: Diffraction, Materials science, Hydrogen, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Materials Chemistry, Physics::Atomic Physics, Amorphous metal, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Small-angle neutron scattering, Decomposition, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, Crystallography, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, Nanometre, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; The hydrogen-induced phase separation of Cu–Zr binary amorphous alloys during hydrogen gas charging at elevated temperature was demonstrated; the homogeneous binary alloy was decomposed into pure Cu and Zr-hydride by absorbing hydrogen into the structure. The decomposition, which is attributed to the opposed affinity to hydrogen of Cu and Zr, took place in nanometer scale. The hydrogen absorption kinetics was compared for the alloys with different compositions. The structure after hydrogen absorption was analyzed using x-ray diffraction, ultra-small and small angle neutron scattering, and electron microscopy.
Published: 2016
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21. Thermally-activated hardening recovery of thermo-elasto-plastic metals during annealing: Constitutive modeling for the simulation of welding process

Author: Georges Chatzigeorgiou, Eric Fleury, Fodil Meraghni, Francis Praud, J. Serri, L. Mouelle, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), and This research was supported by Fives Cryo (Golbey, France) and Région Lorraine.
Subjects: Materials science, Plasticity, Annealing (metallurgy), Constitutive equation, 02 engineering and technology, Welding, [SPI.MECA.SOLID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Solid mechanics [physics.class-ph], engineering.material, Annealing, law.invention, 0203 mechanical engineering, law, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], General Materials Science, Mécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Austenitic stainless steel, Composite material, Instrumentation, Hardening recovery, Thermomechanical behavior, Mécanique: Mécanique des solides [Sciences de l'ingénieur], Elasto plastic, Constitutive model, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Welding process, Mechanics of Materials, engineering, Hardening (metallurgy), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: In this paper, a new thermodynamically-consistent modeling approach, dedicated to welding applications, is presented to describe the phenomenon of hardening recovery in metals during annealing. The constitutive equations are based on a classical thermo-elasto-plastic formulation, which is enhanced by a new recovery variable counterbalancing the effect of the hardening through a temperature-dependent evolution law. The identification of the model parameters is achieved through experimental compressive tests and heat treatments on 316L austenitic stainless steel. Finally, numerical simulations considering various thermomechanical loading configurations are carried out to evaluate the capabilities and limits of the model, which are furthermore illustrated in the context of welding applications through a FE example. This research was supported by Fives Cryo (Golbey, France) and Région Lorraine.
Published: 2020
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22. Host contact dynamics shapes richness and dominance of pathogen strains

Author: Francesco Pinotti, Chiara Poletto, Didier Guillemot, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Fleury, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FP received funding from 'Pierre Louis' School of Public Health of UPMC (www.ed393.upmc.fr)., École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bodescot, Myriam, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Staphylococcus, Network structure, Pathogenesis, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Relative Abundance Distribution, Biology (General), Pathogen, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Contact behavior, Virulence, Ecology, Community structure, Population ecology, Bacterial Pathogens, 3. Good health, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Community Ecology, Medical Microbiology, Modeling and Simulation, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Disease Susceptibility, Pathogens, Algorithms, Network Analysis, Research Article, Staphylococcus aureus, Computer and Information Sciences, Ecological Metrics, QH301-705.5, Population, Biology, Communicable Diseases, Microbiology, Host-Parasite Interactions, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, Computer Simulation, Dynamical network, education, Molecular Biology, Microbial Pathogens, Community Structure, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Relative abundance distribution, 030304 developmental biology, Bacteria, Population Biology, 030306 microbiology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Ecological indicator, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Evolutionary biology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Population Ecology, Species richness, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The interaction among multiple microbial strains affects the spread of infectious diseases and the efficacy of interventions. Genomic tools have made it increasingly easy to observe pathogenic strains diversity, but the best interpretation of such diversity has remained difficult because of relationships with host and environmental factors. Here, we focus on host-to-host contact behavior and study how it changes populations of pathogens in a minimal model of multi-strain interaction. We simulated a population of identical strains competing by mutual exclusion and spreading on a dynamical network of hosts according to a stochastic susceptible-infectious-susceptible model. We computed ecological indicators of diversity and dominance in strain populations for a collection of networks illustrating various properties found in real-world examples. Heterogeneities in the number of contacts among hosts were found to reduce diversity and increase dominance by making the repartition of strains among infected hosts more uneven, while strong community structure among hosts increased strain diversity. We found that the introduction of strains associated with hosts entering and leaving the system led to the highest pathogenic richness at intermediate turnover levels. These results were finally illustrated using the spread of Staphylococcus aureus in a long-term health-care facility where close proximity interactions and strain carriage were collected simultaneously. We found that network structural and temporal properties could account for a large part of the variability observed in strain diversity. These results show how stochasticity and network structure affect the population ecology of pathogens and warn against interpreting observations as unambiguous evidence of epidemiological differences between strains., Author summary Pathogens are structured in multiple strains that interact and co-circulate on the same host population. This ecological diversity affects, in many cases, the spread dynamics and the efficacy of vaccination and antibiotic treatment. Thus understanding its biological and host-behavioral drivers is crucial for outbreak assessment and for explaining trends of new-strain emergence. We used stochastic modeling and network theory to quantify the role of host contact behavior on strain richness and dominance. We systematically compared multi-strain spread on different network models displaying properties observed in real-world contact patterns. We then analyzed the real-case example of Staphylococcus aureus spread in a hospital, leveraging on a combined dataset of carriage and close proximity interactions. We found that contact dynamics has a profound impact on a strain population. Contact heterogeneity, for instance, reduces strain diversity by reducing the number of circulating strains and leading few strains to dominate over the others. These results have important implications in disease ecology and in the epidemiological interpretation of biological data.
Published: 2018
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23. Structural homogeneity and mass density of bulk metallic glasses revealed by their rough surfaces and ultra-small angle neutron scattering (USANS)

Author: Eric Fleury, Man-Ho Kim, Kyung Tae Hong, Jin-Yoo Suh, and Su Gyeong Han
Subjects: Scattering from rough surfaces, Multidisciplinary, Amorphous metal, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Scattering, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Neutron scattering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Small-angle neutron scattering, Article, Amorphous solid, 0103 physical sciences, Surface roughness, lcsh:Q, Small-angle scattering, lcsh:Science, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: The ultra-small angle neutron scattering (USANS) measures the microscale structure of heterogeneity and the scattering from rough surfaces with small scattering volumes can be neglected. But this is not true in amorphous alloys. The small angle scattering from such surfaces is not negligible, regardless of scattering volume. However, we demonstrate that the unwanted rough surfaces can be utilized to determine the homogeneity and mass density of amorphous metallic glasses using the USANS and surface neutron contrast matching technique. The power law scattering of the homogeneous Cu50Zr50 amorphous alloy disappeared under the surface contrast-matched environment, a mixture of hydrogenated/deuterated ethanol having low surface tension against the metallic alloys, indicating that the scattering originated not from its internal structure but from the rough surface. This confirms the structural homogeneity not only at the atomic level but also on a larger scale of micrometer. On the other hand, the crystallized Cu50Zr50 alloy showed strong power-law scattering under the matching environment due to the structural heterogeneity inside the alloy. This technique can apply to the bulk samples when the transmission is high enough not causing multiple scattering that is easily detected with USANS and when the surface roughness is dominant source of scattering.
Published: 2018
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24. Prepaid or Postpaid? That Is the Question: Novel Methods of Subscription Type Prediction in Mobile Phone Services

Author: Martin Minnoni, Carlos Sarraute, Márton Karsai, Wei Du, Eric Fleury, Yongjun Liao, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grandata [Buenos Aires], ANR-15-CE38-0011,SoSweet,Une sociolinguistique de Twitter : liens sociaux et variations linguistiques(2015), ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: Behavioural prediction, Information retrieval, Computer science, Node (networking), Supervised learning, Subscription types, 02 engineering and technology, Indirect Inference, Type (model theory), [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], Terms of service, Mobile phone, Mobile phone services, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Graph labelling
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we investigate the behavioural differences between mobile phone customers with prepaid and postpaid subscriptions. Our study reveals that (a) postpaid customers are more active in terms of service usage and (b) there are strong structural correlations in the mobile phone call network as connections between customers of the same subscription type are much more frequent than those between customers of different subscription types. Based on these observations, we provide methods to detect the subscription type of customers by using information about their personal call statistics, and also their egocentric networks simultaneously. The key of our first approach is to cast this classification problem as a problem of graph labelling, which can be solved by max-flow min-cut algorithms. Our experiments show that, by using both user attributes and relationships, the proposed graph labelling approach is able to achieve a classification accuracy of ∼87%, which outperforms by ∼7% supervised learning methods using only user attributes. In our second problem, we aim to infer the subscription type of customers of external operators. We propose via approximate methods to solve this problem by using node attributes, and a two-way indirect inference method based on observed homophilic structural correlations. Our results have straightforward applications in behavioural prediction and personal marketing.
Published: 2018
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25. Socioeconomic Dependencies of Linguistic Patterns in Twitter: A Multivariate Analysis

Author: Jean-Pierre Chevrot, Eric Fleury, Jacob Levy Abitbol, Márton Karsai, Jean-Philippe Magué, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Interactions, Corpus, Apprentissages, Représentations (ICAR), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), LInguistique et DIdactique des Langues Étrangères et Maternelles (LIDILEM ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-15-CE38-0011,SoSweet,Une sociolinguistique de Twitter : liens sociaux et variations linguistiques(2015), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-INRP-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines (ENS LSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, Computer science, Inference, FOS: Physical sciences, Machine Learning (stat.ML), 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Homophily, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Statistics - Machine Learning, Computers and Society (cs.CY), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Social network analysis, Socioeconomic status, 060201 languages & linguistics, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Computer Science - Computation and Language, Social network, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-WB]Computer Science [cs]/Web, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, 06 humanities and the arts, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Variety (linguistics), Linguistics, 0602 languages and literature, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Computation and Language (cs.CL), Sociolinguistics
Abstract: Our usage of language is not solely reliant on cognition but is arguably determined by myriad external factors leading to a global variability of linguistic patterns. This issue, which lies at the core of sociolinguistics and is backed by many small-scale studies on face-to-face communication, is addressed here by constructing a dataset combining the largest French Twitter corpus to date with detailed socioeconomic maps obtained from national census in France. We show how key linguistic variables measured in individual Twitter streams depend on factors like socioeconomic status, location, time, and the social network of individuals. We found that (i) people of higher socioeconomic status, active to a greater degree during the daytime, use a more standard language; (ii) the southern part of the country is more prone to use more standard language than the northern one, while locally the used variety or dialect is determined by the spatial distribution of socioeconomic status; and (iii) individuals connected in the social network are closer linguistically than disconnected ones, even after the effects of status homophily have been removed. Our results inform sociolinguistic theory and may inspire novel learning methods for the inference of socioeconomic status of people from the way they tweet., In WWW 2018: The Web Conference, 10 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2018
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26. Correlations and dynamics of consumption patterns in social-economic networks

Author: Eric Fleury, Márton Karsai, Yannick Léo, Carlos Sarraute, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Grandata [Buenos Aires], ANR-15-CE38-0011,SoSweet,Une sociolinguistique de Twitter : liens sociaux et variations linguistiques(2015), ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), and École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Multivariate statistics, Physics - Physics and Society, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Recommender system, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, 0502 economics and business, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, Econometrics, Socioeconomic status, Consumption (economics), Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Social network, business.industry, Communication, 05 social sciences, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Purchasing, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Geography, Mobile phone, Resource allocation, 050211 marketing, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Information Systems
Abstract: We analyse a coupled dataset collecting the mobile phone communications and bank transactions history of a large number of individuals living in a Latin American country. After mapping the social structure and introducing indicators of socioeconomic status, demographic features, and purchasing habits of individuals we show that typical consumption patterns are strongly correlated with identified socioeconomic classes leading to patterns of stratification in the social structure. In addition we measure correlations between merchant categories and introduce a correlation network, which emerges with a meaningful community structure. We detect multivariate relations between merchant categories and show correlations in purchasing habits of individuals. Finally, by analysing individual consumption histories, we detect dynamical patterns in purchase behaviour and their correlations with the socioeconomic status, demographic characters and the egocentric social network of individuals. Our work provides novel and detailed insight into the relations between social and consuming behaviour with potential applications in resource allocation, marketing, and recommendation system design., Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Accepted in Social Analysis Network and Mining (Springer). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1609.03756
Published: 2018
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27. Measuring dynamic social contacts in a rehabilitation hospital: effect of wards, patient and staff characteristics

Author: Audrey Duval, Thomas Obadia, Lucie Martinet, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Fleury, Didier Guillemot, Lulla Opatowski, Laura Temime, I-Bird study group, Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bioinformatique évolutive - Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Epidémiologie, Systèmes d'Information, Modélisation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire Modélisation, épidémiologie et surveillance des risques sanitaires (MESuRS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), This study was supported by the European Commission under the Life Science Health Priority of the 6th Framework Program (MOSAR network contract LSHP-CT-2007-037941). Funding was also received from the French Government through the National Clinical Research Program and the Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases' (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID)., We thank Thomas Sorel for his work on the database and Judith Legrand for statistical advice, Consortia: I-Bird study group, Anne Sophie Alvarez, Audrey Baraffe, Mariano Beiró, Inga Bertucci, Camille Cyncynatus, Florence Dannet, Marie Laure Delaby, Pierre Denys, Matthieu Domenech de Cellès, Antoine Fraboulet, Jean-Louis Gaillard, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Boris Labrador, Jennifer Lasley, Christine Lawrence, Judith Legrand, Odile Le Minor, Caroline Ligier, Karine Mignon, Catherine Sacleux, Jérôme Salomon, Marie Perard, Laure Petit, Laeticia Remy, Anne Thiebaut, Damien Thomas, Philippe Tronchet & Isabelle Villain, ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Fleury, Eric, and Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases - - IBEID2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0062 - LABX - VALID
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Rehabilitation hospital, medicine.medical_specialty, Statistical methods, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Context (language use), Article, Care setting, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-MC] Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Contact duration, Duration (project management), lcsh:Science, Health policy, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Network topology, business.industry, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 3. Good health, Care facility, Experimental models of disease, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Q, Medical emergency, business
Abstract: Understanding transmission routes of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) is key to improve their control. In this context, describing and analyzing dynamic inter-individual contact patterns in hospitals is essential. In this study, we used wearable sensors to detect Close Proximity Interactions (CPIs) among patients and hospital staff in a 200-bed long-term care facility over 4 months. First, the dynamic CPI data was described in terms of contact frequency and duration per individual status or activity and per ward. Second, we investigated the individual factors associated with high contact frequency or duration using generalized linear mixed-effect models to account for inter-ward heterogeneity. Hospital porters and physicians had the highest daily number of distinct contacts, making them more likely to disseminate HAI among individuals. Conversely, contact duration was highest between patients, with potential implications in terms of HAI acquisition risk. Contact patterns differed among hospital wards, reflecting varying care patterns depending on reason for hospitalization, with more frequent contacts in neurologic wards and fewer, longer contacts in geriatric wards. This study is the first to report proximity-sensing data informing on inter-individual contacts in long-term care settings. Our results should help better understand HAI spread, parameterize future mathematical models, and propose efficient control strategies.
Published: 2018
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28. The Link Stream of Contacts in a Whole Hospital

Author: Lucie Martinet, Christophe Crespelle, Pierre-Yves Boëlle, Eric Fleury, Didier Guillemot, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Pharmacoépidémiologie et maladies infectieuses (PhEMI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], This study was supported by the European Commission under the Life Science Health Priority of the 6th Framework Program (MOSAR network contract LSHP-CT-2007-037941). This work was performed within the framework of the LABEX MILYON (ANR-10-LABX-0070) of Université de Lyon, within the program 'Investissements d’Avenir' (ANR-11-IDEX-0007) operated by the French National Research Agency (ANR). This work was performed within the framework of the LABEX IBEID (ANR-10-LABX-62). The second author gratefully acknowledges the support from a Grant from Région Rhône-Alpes and from the delegation program of CNRS., ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Rehabilitation hospital, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Entire population, Link stream, Computer science, Communication, Close proximity interaction, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Trace (semiology), 03 medical and health sciences, Hospital, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Media Technology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Data mining, Link (knot theory), computer, Information Systems
Abstract: International audience; We analyse a huge and very precise trace of contact data collected by a network of sensors during 6 months on the entire population of a rehabilitation hospital. We investigate both the topological structure of the average daily link stream of contacts in the hospital and the temporal structure of the evolution of these contacts hour by hour. Our main aims are to unveil striking properties of these two structures in the considered hospital, and to present a methodology that can be used for analysing any link stream where nodes are classified into groups.
Published: 2018
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29. Grasp: A matlab toolbox for graph signal processing

Author: Benjamin Girault, Antonio Ortega, Eric Fleury, Paulo Gonçalves, Shrikanth S. Narayanan, University of Southern California (USC), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), ANR-14-CE27-0001,GRAPHSIP,Traitement de signaux sur graphes(2014), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: Signal processing, Computer science, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-DS]Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], GRASP, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Animation, [INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM], Signal, symbols.namesake, Fourier transform, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Computer graphics (images), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, graph signal processing, business, MATLAB, computer, Graphical user interface, computer.programming_language
Abstract: demo; International audience; The GraSP toolbox aims at processing and visualizing graphs and graphs signal with ease. In the demo, we show those capabilities using several examples from the literature and from our own experiments.
Published: 2017
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30. Enhancing the high temperature plasticity of a Cu-containing austenitic stainless steel through grain boundary strengthening

Author: Sung-Min Hong, Kazuhiro Hono, Keiichiro Oh-Ishi, Gaurav Singh, Eric Fleury, Upadrasta Ramamurty, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), KIST, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), and King Abdulaziz University
Subjects: Austenite, Grain boundary engineering, Materials science, Austenitic stainless steel, Annealing (metallurgy), Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy, Materials Engineering (formerly Metallurgy), Mechanical properties, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Heat treatment, Grain size, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Creep, Mechanics of Materials, engineering, General Materials Science, Grain boundary, Microstructure, Grain boundary strengthening, Grain Boundary Sliding
Abstract: The addition of 3 wt% Cu to heat-resistant SUS 304H austenitic steel enhances its high temperature mechanical properties. To further improve the properties, particularly the creep resistance and ductility at high temperatures, a post-solutionizing heat-treatment method that involves an intermediated annealing either at 700 or 800 degrees C after solutionizing for durations up to 180 min was employed. The purpose this heat-treatment is to precipitate planar Cr23C6 at the grain boundaries, which results in the boundaries getting serrated. Detailed microstructural analyses of these `grain boundary engineered' alloys was conducted and their mechanical performance, both at room temperature and at 750 degrees C, was evaluated. While the grain size and texture are unaffected due to the high temperature hold, the volume fraction of Sigma 3 twin boundaries was found to increase significantly. While the strength enhancement was only marginal, the ductility was found to increase significantly, especially at high temperature. A marked increase in the creep resistance was also noted, which is attributed to the reduction of the grain boundary sliding by the grain boundary serrations and the suppression of grain boundary cavitation through the optimization of the volume fraction and spacing of the Cr23C6 precipitates. The special heat-treatment performed with holding time of 3 h at 700 degrees C resulted in the optimum combination of strength, ductility and creep resistance at high temperature. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2014
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31. Tracking Clinical Staff Behaviors in an Operating Room

Author: Gabriel Birgand, Roger Pissard-Gibollet, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Eric Fleury, Gaelle Toupet, Christine Azevedo-Coste, Control of Artificial Movement and Intuitive Neuroprosthesis (CAMIN), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), SED [Grenoble], Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Infection Control Unit [Paris], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This study was supported by the French Ministry of Health (National Grant PREQHOS 2011). Gabriel Birgand's work was funded by Economic and Social Science Research Council (ESRC) as part of the AntimicrobialCross Council initiative [ES/P008313/1] supported by the seven UK research councils, and the Global Challenges Research Fund and the National Institute for Health Research, UK Department of Health [HPRU-2012-10047] inpartnership with Public Health England., Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Service Expérimentation et Développement (SED [Grenoble]), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Azevedo Coste, Christine, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)
Subjects: Operating Rooms, 0209 industrial biotechnology, medicine.medical_specialty, Computer science, Movement, Biosensing Techniques, 02 engineering and technology, lcsh:Chemical technology, Tracking (particle physics), Biochemistry, Motion capture, Article, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Analytical Chemistry, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Software, Medical Staff, Human behavior analysis, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Humans, lcsh:TP1-1185, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Simulation, Behavior, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Sensor network, business.industry, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 3. Good health, 0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.AUTO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Orthopedic surgery, Clinical staff, business, Wireless Technology, 0301 Analytical Chemistry, Operating room displacements, Surgical site infection, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Inadequate staff behaviors in an operating room (OR) may lead to environmental contamination and increase the risk of surgical site infection. In order to assess this statement objectively, we have developed an approach to analyze OR staff behaviors using a motion tracking system. The present article introduces a solution for the assessment of individual displacements in the OR by: (1) detecting human presence and quantifying movements using a motion capture (MOCAP) system and (2) observing doors&rsquo, movements by means of a wireless network of inertial sensors fixed on the doors and synchronized with the MOCAP system. The system was used in eight health care facilities sites during 30 cardiac and orthopedic surgery interventions. A total of 119 h of data were recorded and analyzed. Three hundred thirty four individual displacements were reconstructed. On average, only 10.6% individual positions could not be reconstructed and were considered undetermined, i.e., the presence in the room of the corresponding staff member could not be determined. The article presents the hardware and software developed together with the obtained reconstruction performances.
Published: 2019
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32. Direct measurement of hydrogen diffusivity through Pd-coated Ni-based amorphous metallic membranes

Author: Jin-Yoo Suh, Jae-Hyeok Shim, Eric Fleury, Young-Im Wang, Koh Seong-Ung, Young Whan Cho, Young-Su Lee, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), and POSCO
Subjects: Hydrogen diffusion, inorganic chemicals, Materials science, Amorphous alloys, Hydrogen, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Filtration and Separation, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Thermal diffusivity, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Zirconium, Amorphous metal, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Time-lag method, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, Membrane, Amorphous carbon, chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Palladium
Abstract: International audience; A time-lag technique was employed to evaluate the chemical diffusivity and permeability of hydrogen through amorphous metallic alloys. As a reference, similar measurements were taken on pure palladium. While hydrogen diffusivity for the amorphous structures was smaller than that for a palladium membrane, the amorphous membranes exhibited higher hydrogen solubility, resulting in comparable hydrogen permeability. An increase in zirconium content increased permeability by enhancing hydrogen diffusivity, although the amount of hydrogen contributing to the hydrogen flux was not affected.
Published: 2013
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33. MultiAspect Graphs: Algebraic Representation and Algorithms

Author: Klaus Wehmuth, Artur Ziviani, Eric Fleury, Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, graph algorithms, Theoretical computer science, Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM), lcsh:T55.4-60.8, complex network, multilayer network, time-varying network, high order network, Computer science, Breadth-first search, 02 engineering and technology, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, Theoretical Computer Science, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, lcsh:Industrial engineering. Management engineering, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Graph algorithms, Matrix form, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, computer.programming_language, Numerical Analysis, Time-varying network, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Directed graph, Python (programming language), Complex network, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Algebra representation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Algorithm, computer, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics
Abstract: We present the algebraic representation and basic algorithms for MultiAspect Graphs (MAGs). A MAG is a structure capable of representing multilayer and time-varying networks, as well as higher-order networks, while also having the property of being isomorphic to a directed graph. In particular, we show that, as a consequence of the properties associated with the MAG structure, a MAG can be represented in matrix form. Moreover, we also show that any possible MAG function (algorithm) can be obtained from this matrix-based representation. This is an important theoretical result since it paves the way for adapting well-known graph algorithms for application in MAGs. We present a set of basic MAG algorithms, constructed from well-known graph algorithms, such as degree computing, Breadth First Search (BFS), and Depth First Search (DFS). These algorithms adapted to the MAG context can be used as primitives for building other more sophisticated MAG algorithms. Therefore, such examples can be seen as guidelines on how to properly derive MAG algorithms from basic algorithms on directed graph. We also make available Python implementations of all the algorithms presented in this paper., 59 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2016
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34. Performance evaluation of DTN protocols to deliver SMS in dense mobile network: Empirical proofs

Author: Anthony Busson, Eric Fleury, Yannick Léo, Carlos Sarraute, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Grandata [Buenos Aires], ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI)
Subjects: Delay-tolerant networking, Routing protocol, 020205 medical informatics, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Network science, 02 engineering and technology, Network operations center, law.invention, Delay tolerant network, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, Routing protocols, Relay, law, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Network protocols, Performance of systems, business.industry, Network operations, Hardware and Architecture, Concatenated SMS, Cellular network, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Transmission time, Telecommunications, business, Communications protocol, Computer communication networks, Software, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; In urban areas, the population density is still growing (the population density starts exceeding 20.000 inhabitants per km²), and so, the density of mobile users becomes very important. People are moving from home to work, from work to active places. One can take benefit of the mobility and the density to justify DTN (Delay Tolerant Network) approach protocol to convey SMS (or alternative messaging services) traffic. Indeed, the mobility of users, especially during the day, create an ad hoc mobile network where the nodes are the smartphones hold by mobile clients. In this paper, their performance evaluations are based on a measurement and analysis of SMS traces coming from a nationwide cellular telecommunication operator during a two month period, we propose several DTN like basic network protocols for delivering SMS. We perform a temporal and spatial analysis of the Mexico City cellular network considering geolocalized SMS to characterize the traffic. Such key characterization allows us to answer the question: is it possible to transmit SMS using phones as relay in a large city such as Mexico City? We define four network protocols to transmit SMS from a source to a destination. We study a mobile dataset including 8 Million users living in Mexico city. This gives us a precise estimation of the average transmission time and the global performance of our approach. Our analysis shows that after 30 min, half of the SMS are delivered successfully to destination. On the contrary to the cellular networks, we explain how much the potentiality of the mobile users network can take benefit from complementary properties such as the locality of SMS, the density of phones in Mexico City and the mobility of phone users. Moreover, we show that in a realistic scenario, our approach induces reasonable storage cost.
Published: 2016
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35. Call Detail Records to Characterize Usages and Mobility Events of Phone Users

Author: Yannick Léo, Carlos Sarraute, Eric Fleury, Anthony Busson, Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Grandata [Buenos Aires], École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), and ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013)
Subjects: Mobility model, User movements, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Handovers, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, Phone, Order (business), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Quality (business), Phone User Behavior, business, Mobile Traffic Analysis, media_common, Computer network, Call duration
Abstract: International audience; Cellular technologies are evolving quickly to constantly adapt to new usage and tolerate the load induced by the increasing number of phone applications. Understanding the mobile traffic is thus crucial to refine models and improve experiments. In this context, one has to understand the temporal activity of a user and the user movements. At the user scale, the usage is not only defined by the amount of calls but also by the user’s mobility. At a higher level, the base stations have a key role on the quality of service. In this paper, we analyze a very large Call Detail Records (CDR) over 12 months in Mexico. It contains 8 millions users and 5 billions of call events. Our first contribution is the study call duration and inter-arrival time parameters. Then, we assess user movements between consecutive calls (switching from a station to another one). Our study suggests that user mobility is pretty dependent on user activity. Furthermore, we show properties of the inter-call mobility by making an analysis of the call distribution.
Published: 2016
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36. Taking Benefit from the User Density in Large Cities for Delivering SMS

Author: Eric Fleury, Yannick Léo, Anthony Busson, Carlos Sarraute, Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grandata [Buenos Aires], École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: Routing protocol, Delay-tolerant networking, Network Science, business.industry, Computer science, Routing Protocols, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Network Protocols, Network operations center, Base station, DTN, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, Network Operations, Concatenated SMS, ComputerCommunication Networks, Cellular network, Transmission time, business, Communications protocol, Performance of systems, Computer network
Abstract: National audience; In this paper, from a measurement study and analysis of SMS based on traces coming from a nationwide cellular telecommunication operator during a two month period, we propose a DTN (Delay Tolerant Network) like network protocol for delivering SMS. More precisely, we perform a temporal and spatial analysis of the Mexico City cellular network considering geolocalized SMS. The temporal analysis allows us to detect events and to check for overloading periods, with anormal or unexpected traffic, and to study the evolution of classical parameters such as activity or distance between source and destination. The spatial analysis is based on the Voronoï diagram of the base stations covering Mexico City. We explain how SMS traffic can be characterized. Such key characterization allows us to answer the question : is it possible to transmit SMS using phones as relay in a large city such as Mexico City ? We defined simple network protocols to transmit SMS from a source to a destination. This DTN like protocol does not need routing nor global knowledge. The protocol takes benefit from the locality of SMS, the density of phones in Mexico City and the mobility of phone users. We studied a mobile dataset including 8 millions users living in Mexico city. This gave us a precise estimation of the average transmission time and the global performance of our approach. After 30 minutes, half of the SMS were delivered successfully to destination.
Published: 2016
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37. Microtexture of Ti6Al4V Obtained by Direct Energy Deposition (DED) Process

Author: Laurent Weiss, Lionel Germain, P. Acquier, Eric Fleury, Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux (LEM3), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), IREPA LASER (IREPA LASER), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, Labex DAMAS, Université de Lorraine (UL), IREPA-Laser, Institut Carnot MICA, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V. Venkatesh, A. L. Pilchak, J. E. Allison, S. Ankem, R. Boyer, J. Christodoulou, H. L. Fraser, M. A. Imam, Y. Kosaka, H. J. Rack, A. Chatterjee, A. Woodfield, and ANR-11-LABX-0008,DAMAS,Design des Alliages Métalliques pour Allègement des Structures(2011)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Equiaxed crystals, Materials science, Metallurgy, Titanium alloy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Laser Metal Deposition, TA6V, law.invention, law, Martensite, 0103 physical sciences, Perpendicular, 0210 nano-technology, additive manufacturing, texture, Phase reconstruction, Electron backscatter diffraction
Abstract: International audience; The microstructure of bulk samples prepared by CLAD® additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) powder have been investigated by means of SEM and phase reconstruction. The CLAD® technique (laser blown powder processing) developed at IREPA LASER provides very high cooling rate promoting the formation of the martensitic α’ phase in the form of thin needles. Using Merengue 2 software developed at LEM3, the analysis of the martensitic phase orientation by EBSD enables the reconstruction of the primary β-phase that formed at high temperature. Mcrostructural observations performed at various locations within the samples revealed marked heterogeneities in the microstructure. After the first deposited layer characterized by fine and equiaxed β grains, the β grains located in the central region of the samples tend to grow in a direction perpendicular to the deposited layer plan with a coarse columnar structure. By opposition, the grains on the sample side were found to grow at angle of about 60° from the deposited layer plan. The main difference with others additive manufacturing techniques is that, only a weak crystallographic β texture was detected in these samples prepared by CLAD®.
Published: 2016
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38. Detecting global bridges in networks

Author: Pierre Mercklé, Mathieu Jacomy, Jean-Philippe Cointet, Alessandro Vespignani, Eric Fleury, Tommaso Venturini, Márton Karsai, Matteo Morini, Pablo Jensen, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), médialab (Sciences Po) (médialab), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems [Boston] (MoBS), Northeastern University [Boston], Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI) Foundation, Sciences en Société (SenS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Est (UPE), Centre Max Weber (CMW), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Funding provided by the CNRS 'Mission pour l'interdisciplinarité' (MASTODONS) is gratefully acknowledged., École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Médialab (Sciences Po) (Médialab), Science en Société (INRA-SenS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, Theoretical computer science, Control and Optimization, Computer science, Computer Networks and Communications, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Management Science and Operations Research, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), [INFO.INFO-SI]Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], 010305 fluids & plasmas, Betweenness centrality, 0103 physical sciences, Bridgeness centrality, Centrality measures, Computational Mathematics, Applied Mathematics, ddc:305.3, 010306 general physics, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Degree (graph theory), Node (networking), Computational mathematics, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Identification (information), Graph (abstract data type), Centrality
Abstract: The identification of nodes occupying important positions in a network structure is crucial for the understanding of the associated real-world system. Usually, betweenness centrality is used to evaluate a node capacity to connect different graph regions. However, we argue here that this measure is not adapted for that task, as it gives equal weight to "local" centers (i.e. nodes of high degree central to a single region) and to "global" bridges, which connect different communities. This distinction is important as the roles of such nodes are different in terms of the local and global organisation of the network structure. In this paper we propose a decomposition of betweenness centrality into two terms, one highlighting the local contributions and the other the global ones. We call the latter bridgeness centrality and show that it is capable to specifically spot out global bridges. In addition, we introduce an effective algorithmic implementation of this measure and demonstrate its capability to identify global bridges in air transportation and scientific collaboration networks., Comment: Journal of Complex Networks Preprint; 14 pages; 6 figures
Published: 2016
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39. Correlations of consumption patterns in social-economic networks

Author: Yannick Leo, Marton Karsai, Carlos Sarraute, and Eric Fleury
Subjects: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Physics - Physics and Society, J.4, FOS: Physical sciences, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Computer Science - Computers and Society, 020204 information systems, Computers and Society (cs.CY), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, H.2.8, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing
Abstract: We analyze a coupled anonymized dataset collecting the mobile phone communication and bank transactions history of a large number of individuals. After mapping the social structure and introducing indicators of socioeconomic status, demographic features, and purchasing habits of individuals we show that typical consumption patterns are strongly correlated with identified socioeconomic classes leading to patterns of stratification in the social structure. In addition we measure correlations between merchant categories and introduce a correlation network, which emerges with a meaningful community structure. We detect multivariate relations between merchant categories and show correlations in purchasing habits of individuals. Our work provides novel and detailed insight into the relations between social and consuming behaviour with potential applications in recommendation system design., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2016
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40. Socioeconomic correlations and stratification in social-communication networks

Author: Carlos Sarraute, Yannick Léo, Márton Karsai, J. Ignacio Alvarez-Hamelin, Eric Fleury, Dynamic Networks : Temporal and Structural Capture Approach (DANTE), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Grandata [Buenos Aires], Laboratorio de Teleinformática [Buenos Aires], Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), ANR-13-CORD-0017,CODDDE,Communautés dynamiques, diffusion et détection d'événements(2013), ANR-10-LABX-0070,MILYON,Community of mathematics and fundamental computer science in Lyon(2010), ANR-15-CE38-0011,SoSweet,Une sociolinguistique de Twitter : liens sociaux et variations linguistiques(2015), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML)
Subjects: Male, FOS: Computer and information sciences, Human mobility, Population Dynamics, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Social networks, 010305 fluids & plasmas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], network science, Otras Ciencias de la Computación e Información, education.field_of_study, 1. No poverty, Pareto principle, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.2 [https], Rich-clubs, Geography, Socioeconomic status, Female, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Social structure, Biotechnology, Physics - Physics and Society, social networks, Population, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph), Social class, socioeconomic status, Biomaterials, [INFO.INFO-MC]Computer Science [cs]/Mobile Computing, stratification, Economic indicator, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, human mobility, rich clubs, 010306 general physics, education, Social and Information Networks (cs.SI), Social network, business.industry, Social Support, Life Sciences–Physics interface, Models, Theoretical, Interpersonal ties, Latin America, Socioeconomic Factors, Ciencias de la Computación e Información, Demographic economics, data science, Stratification, business, Cell Phone
Abstract: The uneven distribution of wealth and individual economic capacities are among the main forces which shape modern societies and arguably bias the emerging social structures. However, the study of correlations between the social network and economic status of individuals is difficult due to the lack of large-scale multimodal data disclosing both the social ties and economic indicators of the same population. Here, we close this gap through the analysis of coupled datasets recording the mobile phone communications and bank transaction history of one million anonymised individuals living in a Latin American country. We show that wealth and debt are unevenly distributed among people in agreement with the Pareto principle; the observed social structure is strongly stratified, with people being better connected to others of their own socioeconomic class rather than to others of different classes; the social network appears with assortative socioeconomic correlations and tightly connected "rich clubs"; and that egos from the same class live closer to each other but commute further if they are wealthier. These results are based on a representative, society-large population, and empirically demonstrate some long-lasting hypotheses on socioeconomic correlations which potentially lay behind social segregation, and induce differences in human mobility., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2016
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41. Necking mechanisms on porous metallic glass and W compacts using electro-discharge sintering

Author: Ki Buem Kim, Yong-Ho Kim, Eric Fleury, Gian Song, Jin Kyu Lee, T.S. Kim, Hyun-Jong Kim, Min Ha Lee, Jae Youl Cho, Yongho Seo, Hanshin Choi, and Hae-Jin Lee
Subjects: Materials science, Amorphous metal, Morphology (linguistics), Mechanical Engineering, Metallurgy, Metals and Alloys, Evaporation, Sintering, law.invention, Metal, Mechanics of Materials, law, visual_art, Materials Chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Composite material, Crystallization, Porosity, Necking
Abstract: We report on the formation mechanism of neck during electro-discharge sintering (EDS) upon various electrical input energy using Cu-based metallic glass and W powders. Microstructural investigation reveals that crystalline phases are observed preferentially on the surface of the Cu-based metallic glassy powder indicating energy concentration occurs at the powder surface. Moreover, it is clearly observed that needle-like morphology on the W powder surface suggesting that both surface melting and evaporation take place, followed by rapid freezing the substance. Therefore, these results strongly support that formation of neck during EDS is closely connected to the energy convergence on the thin layer of the powder surface inducing melting or evaporation.
Published: 2012
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42. Complex systems science: Dreams of universality, interdisciplinarity reality

Author: Pablo Jensen, Jean-Baptiste Rouquier, Guillaume Beslon, Eric Fleury, Céline Robardet, Sebastian Grauwin, and Sara Franceschelli
Subjects: Structure (mathematical logic), 0303 health sciences, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Interface (Java), 05 social sciences, Universality (philosophy), Complex system, Data science, Field (geography), Human-Computer Interaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Artificial Intelligence, 0509 other social sciences, 050904 information & library sciences, Software, Coherence (linguistics), 030304 developmental biology, Information Systems, Interdisciplinarity
Abstract: Using a large database (~ 215 000 records) of relevant articles, we empirically study the "complex systems" field and its claims to find universal principles applying to systems in general. The study of references shared by the papers allows us to obtain a global point of view on the structure of this highly interdisciplinary field. We show that its overall coherence does not arise from a universal theory but instead from computational techniques and fruitful adaptations of the idea of self-organization to specific systems. We also find that communication between different disciplines goes through specific "trading zones", ie sub-communities that create an interface around specific tools (a DNA microchip) or concepts (a network).
Published: 2012
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43. Dependency of the corrosion properties of in-situ Ti-based BMG matrix composites with the volume fraction of crystalline phase

Author: Eric Fleury, Do Hyang Kim, and Mukta Rani Debnath
Subjects: Materials science, Passivation, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Oxide, General Chemistry, engineering.material, Corrosion, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Volume fraction, Materials Chemistry, engineering, Composite material, Polarization (electrochemistry), Dissolution
Abstract: The chemical and electrochemical corrosion properties of in-situ Ti45(Zr-Be-Cu-Ni)55−xNbx BMG matrix composites, with x = 0, 5, 10, 15 at.% and containing different volume fractions of crystalline β-(Ti,Zr,Nb) phase, have been investigated in a hydrogenated 1 M H2SO4 + 2 ppm F− electrolyte at 80 °C. In comparison to monolithic Ti-based BMGs and Ti–6Al–4V alloy, the in-situ BMG matrix composite with ∼20% volume fraction of β-(Ti,Zr,Nb) phase exhibits a high corrosion resistance characterized by a low value of corrosion current density, a stable passivation behavior in both potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization and low weight loss during immersion tests. The enhancement of the corrosion resistance is attributed to Ti-, Zr- and Nb-rich oxide layers produced on top of both the dendrite and amorphous matrix. However, for the BMG composite with a large (∼41.5%) volume fraction of Nb-rich dendrites the corrosion resistance was reduced leading to the dissolution of the amorphous matrix during immersion tests.
Published: 2012
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44. Characteristics of Ni–Nb-based metallic amorphous alloys for hydrogen-related energy applications

Author: Eric Fleury, Manoj Gupta, Subramanian Jayalakshmi, and Vairathevar Sivasamy Vasantha
Subjects: Materials science, Amorphous metal, Hydrogen, Passivation, Mechanical Engineering, Alloy, Metallurgy, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, chemistry.chemical_element, Building and Construction, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, engineering.material, Corrosion, Hydrogen storage, General Energy, chemistry, engineering, Embrittlement
Abstract: In hydrogen-related energy technologies, materials selection is critical as hydrogen tends to decrease the mechanical stability of the metallic alloys. Amorphous alloys are known to exhibit high hydrogen solubility and significant embrittlement resistance. The current work is focussed towards the properties of several (Ni–Nb)-based amorphous alloys for use in hydrogen-related energy applications. Based on the studies pertaining to hydrogenation characteristics and mechanical stability, it was observed that the Ni–Nb-based amorphous alloys have high absorption capacity, with hydrogen-to-metal ratio (H/M) ∼ 1.8 (∼2.30 wt.% of hydrogen) and excellent embrittlement resistance (H/M ∼ 0.8), due to their unconventional structure and high hydrogen solubility, but these properties are strongly dependent on the alloy compositions. Investigations carried out to study the hydrogen permeation behavior of various Ni–Nb base amorphous alloys under gas permeation conditions for application as permeation membranes indicated that the Ni–Nb-based amorphous alloys exhibit high hydrogen permeabilities (∼1.1 × 10 −8 mol m −1 s −1 MPa −1/2 ), comparable to that of Pd–Cu, in the temperature range 300–550 °C. The corrosion behavior of the Ni–Nb alloys investigated under simulated proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) conditions, for use as bipolar plates in PEMFC exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, with corrosion and passivation current densities nearly comparable to those of graphite, the currently used material for bipolar plates. From these studies, it was understood that the inherent structure of the alloys and the constituent alloying elements played an important role in determining the properties. Based on our investigations, and from the hydrogen storage properties of amorphous alloys existing from literature, it is envisioned that amorphous alloys are most promising as future-generation materials for hydrogen-related energy applications.
Published: 2012
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45. Relationship between microstructure and hydrogen permeation properties in the multiphase Ni21Ti23Nb56 alloy membranes

Author: Eric Fleury, Sungil Jeon, Jung Hoon Park, and Edoardo Magnone
Subjects: Materials science, Hydrogen, Scanning electron microscope, Metallurgy, Alloy, chemistry.chemical_element, Filtration and Separation, engineering.material, Microstructure, Biochemistry, Membrane, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Permeability (electromagnetism), engineering, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Hydrogen permeation, Solid solution
Abstract: The cooling rate has significant effects on the microstructure of Ti-Ni-Nb-based multiphase alloys. In the present study the effect of the microstructure on the hydrogen permeation properties of multiphase Ni 21 Ti 23 Nb 56 alloy membrane was systematically investigated. Our result suggested a complementary relation between the quantity of the primary bcc-(Ti, Nb) solid solution phase and hydrogen permeation properties. The Ni 21 Ti 23 Nb 56 alloy with about 70% surface fraction of primary phase bcc-(Nb-Ti) solid solution showed the higher hydrogen permeability value of 7.48 × 10 −8 mol/m s Pa 1/2 at 450 °C, which is higher in value compared to Ti-Ni-Nb-based multiphase alloys reported in published works. Moreover, comparison between the present experimental data and the literature was analyzed to illustrate the capability of the proposed control of microstructure membrane for the improvement of the hydrogen permeation properties of Ti-Ni-Nb -based multiphase alloys.
Published: 2011
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46. Deformation behaviors under tension and compression: Atomic simulation of Cu65Zr35 metallic glass

Author: Eric Fleury, Hyun-Kwang Seok, Yu Chan Kim, and Kyoung Won Park
Subjects: Amorphous metal, Materials science, Tension (physics), Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, General Chemistry, Plasticity, Compression (physics), Brittleness, Mechanics of Materials, Ultimate tensile strength, Materials Chemistry, Shear matrix, Composite material, Deformation (engineering)
Abstract: To clarify the difference in the plasticity of metallic glasses observed experimentally under tension and compression, the changes in the structural state induced during the deformation of Cu65Zr35 glassy alloy were analyzed by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Although mechanical responses were distinct, no clear difference was detected in the change in the short-range order of the deformed structures, except for the intensive collapse of the (0,3,6,4) bonding in the elastic regime seen in the extended sample. To explain the difference in the plasticity and particularly the brittleness of bulk metallic glass (BMG) in the tensile mode, we examine the degree of strain localization and discuss the role of normal stress on the activation of shear transformation zones (STZs) during tension and compression in the elastic regime.
Published: 2011
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47. Hydrogen-induced structural change in Ni90Al10 metallic glass

Author: Eric Fleury, Kyoung Won Park, and Yoji Shibutani
Subjects: Materials science, Amorphous metal, Hydrogen, Mechanical Engineering, Coordination number, Metals and Alloys, chemistry.chemical_element, Amorphous solid, Crystallography, Molecular dynamics, Membrane, Structural change, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Structural stability, Chemical physics, Materials Chemistry
Abstract: Ni 90 Al 10 amorphous membranes were prepared by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique with the aim of investigating the structural evolution induced by hydrogen with respect to hydrogen concentration. The short-range ordered (SRO) structures of the as-cast model sample and the structural change by hydrogen charging were analyzed using Voronoi tessellation method. This study indicates that prism and prism-like structures with low coordination number are generated, while intrinsically stable SRO structures in the amorphous membrane annihilate upon hydrogen charging. We discussed the relationship between these local atomic changes and the structural stability which was evaluated from the potential energy change point of view.
Published: 2011
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48. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe–Si–Ti–(Cu, Al) heterostructured ultrafine composites

Author: Ki Buem Kim, Dooreh Kim, J.M. Park, Eric Fleury, Norbert Mattern, and Jürgen Eckert
Subjects: Length scale, Microstructural evolution, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Composite number, Metals and Alloys, Work hardening, Plasticity, Partial substitution, Microstructure, Mechanics of Materials, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Eutectic system
Abstract: The influence of partial substitution of Fe by Cu or Al in Fe 75− x Si 15 Ti 10 (Cu, Al) x ( x = 0 and 4) ultrafine composites on the microstructure and mechanical properties has been investigated. The Fe 71 Si 15 Ti 10 Cu 4 ultrafine composite exhibits a favorable microstructural evolution and improved mechanical properties, i.e., large plastic strain of ∼5% and pronounced work hardening characteristics. The mechanical properties of the ultrafine eutectic composite are strongly linked to the length scale heterogeneity and the distribution of the constituent phases.
Published: 2011
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49. Reconstructing social interactions using an unreliable wireless sensor network

Author: Adrien Friggeri, Jean-Christophe Lucet, Eric Fleury, Guillaume Chelius, F. Mentre, A. Fraboulet, Chelius, Guillaume, Dynamic Networks (DNET), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Communications, Images et Traitement de l'Information (TSP - CITI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Ambient Middleware Architectures: Service-Oriented, Networked, Efficient and Secured (AMAZONES), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Modèles et méthodes de l'évaluation thérapeutique des maladies chroniques (U738 / UMR_S738), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, This work was supported by a public grant from the French National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES/AFSSET, EST 2007-50), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Communications, Images et Traitement de l'Information (CITI), CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: Service (systems architecture), Dynamic network analysis, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, wireless sensor networks, [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [INFO.INFO-NI] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], medical applications, business.industry, Wireless network, interaction networks, 020206 networking & telecommunications, complex networks, Complex network, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Data science, Identification (information), Network management, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Telecommunications, business, Wireless sensor network
Abstract: International audience; In the very active field of complex networks, research advances have largely been stimulated by the availability of empirical data and the increase in computational power needed for their analysis. These works have led to the identification of similarities in the structures of such networks arising in very different fields, and to the development of a body of knowledge, tools and methods for their study. While many interesting questions remain open on the subject of static networks, challenging issues arise from the study of dynamic networks. In particular, the measurement, analysis and modeling of social interactions are first class concerns. In this article, we address the challenges of capturing physical proximity and social interaction by means of a wireless network. In particular, as a concrete case study, we exhibit the deployment of a wireless sensor network applied to the measurement of Health Care Workers' exposure to tuberculosis infected patients in a service unit of the Bichat-Claude Bernard hospital in Paris, France. This network has continuously monitored the presence of all HCWs in all rooms of the service during a 3 month period. We both describe the measurement system that was deployed and some early analysis on the measured data. We highlight the bias introduced by the measurement system reliability and provide a reconstruction method which not only leads to a significantly more coherent and realistic dataset but also evidences phe- nomena a priori hidden in the raw data. By this analysis, we suggest that a processing step is required prior to any adequate exploitation of data gathered thanks to a non-fully reliable measurement architecture.
Published: 2011
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50. Correlation between plasticity and other materials properties of Cu–Zr bulk metallic glasses: An atomistic simulation study

Author: Jae Chul Lee, Byeong-Joo Lee, Eric Fleury, Kyung Han Kang, and Kyoung Won Park
Subjects: Voronoi polygon, Amorphous metal, Materials science, Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, Polymers and Plastics, Metallurgy, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Thermodynamics, New materials, Plasticity, Volume change, engineering.material, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Molecular dynamics, Ceramics and Composites, engineering, Atomic displacement
Abstract: The correlation between experimentally observed plasticity and various materials properties that have been mentioned as being related to the mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) has been investigated for Cu–Zr binary BMG alloys using a molecular dynamics simulation. Most of the properties examined show a roughly comparable correlation with plasticity, but the accuracy is not sufficient to be used for alloy design. The pentagon fraction obtained from a Voronoi polygon analysis and atomic displacement during plastic deformation directly computed using the atomistic approach can be selected as quantities that have an acceptable correlation with plasticity, even though the clearness and the statistical stability are unsatisfactory. The fractional volume change of mixing is proposed as a new materials property that shows a clear and statistically stable correlation with plasticity, and its physical origin as a tool to estimate the plasticity of and to design BMG alloys with improved plasticity is discussed.
Published: 2011
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