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We report three species of Bromeliaceae (Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f., Pitcairnia burchellii Mez, and Tillandsia bulbosa Hook.) for the first time from Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, based on our fieldwork. Data on species’ morphology, taxonomy, ecology, and geographic distribution are included. Our new data add to the knowledge to the flora of Maranhão and expand the distribution of three bromeliad species in Brazil.

We report the first records of Tillandsia kegeliana, T. loliacea, T. paraensis, T. parvispica, T. recurvata, and T. tenuifolia for Maranhão, Brazil. These species were collected in the Amazonian and Cerrado biomes. This work adds new knowledge to the flora of Maranhão and extends the distribution of these species within Brazil.

Devido aos prejuízos provocados pela erosão sobre sistemas agrários e urbanos, foi desenvolvido este artigo para que se possa estabelecer relação entre a erosão e o selamento formado pelo impacto das gotas de chuva. Para avaliar as perdas de solo e as características físicas e micromorfólogicas das crostas desenvolvidas pelo impacto das gotas de água, foi realizado experimento, utilizando simulador de chuvas, num esquema fatorial 5 x 6, sendo cinco solos (Argissolo Vermelho, Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, Neossolo Flúvico e Neossolo Quartzarênico) e seis energias cinéticas de chuva simulada (0; 525; 1.051; 2.102; 3.153 e 4.204 J m-2), com três repetições. As perdas de solo foram determinadas por amostragem do volume total de escoamento superficial e as características físicas e micromorfológicas da crosta, tais como distribuição e continuidade dos poros, por meio de técnicas de micromorfometria. Em todos os solos avaliados, as perdas de solo aumentaram progressivamente com a energia cinética aplicada, sendo essas perdas menos acentuadas nos solos com textura grossa ou argilosos com estrutura microgranular. Foi evidenciada a formação de crostas estruturais e erosionais, e suas características apresentaram variação temporal dependente da energia cinética da chuva e da tensão cisalhante do escoamento superficial.Due to the damage caused by erosions in land and urban systems, this article has been developed to establish the relation between soil losses and superficial sealing formed by rain drop impact. In order to evaluate soil losses and physical and micromorphological characteristics of soil crusts developed by water drop impact, an experiment was carried out using a rainfall simulator in a factorial scheme of 5 x 6. Five soils (Red Ultisol, Red-Yellow Ultisol, Red-Yellow Oxisol, Fluvic Entisol and Arenic Entisol) and six rainfall kinetic energy (0; 525; 1,051; 2,102; 3,153 and 4,204 J m-2) with three repetitions were used. Soil losses were determined by the total runoff volume samples and the physical and micromorphological characteristics of the crust, such as pores distribution and continuity, using micromorphometrics techniques. In all evaluated soils there was a progressive increase of soil losses with the kinetic energy applied. These losses were less accentuated in sandy or loamy texture soils with microgranular structure. Crust characteristics presented temporal variation, which were dependent of rainfall kinetic energy and runoff shear stress that induce structural and erosional crusts formation.