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The twelfth Digital News Report from the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford reveals new insights about digital news consumption based on a YouGov survey of over 93,000 online news consumers in 46 media markets The report provides evidence that news audiences are becoming more dependent on digital and social platforms, putting further pressure on both ad-based and subscription business models of news organisations at a time when both household and company spending is being squeezed. The report documents how video-based content, distributed via networks such as TikTok, Instagram and YouTube are becoming more important for news, especially in parts of the Global South, while legacy platforms such as Facebook are losing influence. Both interest and trust in news continue to fall in many countries as the connection between journalism and much of the public continues to fray.

In this factsheet, we analyse the percentage of people of colour in top editorial positions at a strategic sample of 100 major online and offline news outlets in five markets across four continents: Brazil, Germany, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Building off work started in 2020, we find in 2023 that only 23% of the 81 top editors across the 100 brands covered are people of colour. In every country, the percentage of people of colour in the general population remains higher than among top editors. There continues to be no simple relationship between the percentages of journalists of colour and top editors of colour. We find some evidence of increasing racial diversity among top news editors in South Africa and the United States – but it continues to be the case that there are few or no top editors of colour in our sample in three countries.

Multi-person motion prediction is a challenging task, especially for real-world scenarios of densely interacted persons. Most previous works have been devoted to studying the case of weak interactions (e.g., hand-shaking), which typically forecast each human pose in isolation. In this paper, we focus on motion prediction for multiple persons with extreme collaborations and attempt to explore the relationships between the highly interactive persons' motion trajectories. Specifically, a novel cross-query attention (XQA) module is proposed to bilaterally learn the cross-dependencies between the two pose sequences tailored for this situation. Additionally, we introduce and build a proxy entity to bridge the involved persons, which cooperates with our proposed XQA module and subtly controls the bidirectional information flows, acting as a motion intermediary. We then adapt these designs to a Transformer-based architecture and devise a simple yet effective end-to-end framework called proxy-bridged game Transformer (PGformer) for multi-person interactive motion prediction. The effectiveness of our method has been evaluated on the challenging ExPI dataset, which involves highly interactive actions. We show that our PGformer consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in both short- and long-term predictions by a large margin. Besides, our approach can also be compatible with the weakly interacted CMU-Mocap and MuPoTS-3D datasets and achieve encouraging results. Our code will become publicly available upon acceptance.

The eleventh Digital News Report from the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at the University of Oxford reveals new insights about digital news consumption based on a YouGov survey of over 93,000 online news consumers in 46 media markets The report provides evidence that much of the public is turning away from – or at least selectively avoiding – the news. The report documents ways in which the connection between journalism and much of the public may be fraying, including a fall in trust following last year’s positive bump, and declining interest in news. Our survey finds that younger audiences have a weaker connection with news brands, and are increasingly accessing the news via platforms such as TikTok. Despite significant increases in the proportion paying for online news in a handful of richer countries there are signs that overall growth may be levelling off.

Credible monitoring of remote workers presents unique challenges that may reduce the benefits of formal organization for their management. We consider whether increasing the salience of monitor productivity without changing incentive contracts or monitoring technology leads to changes in remote worker performance. Results from a field experiment run among multi-dimensional task workers in Kenya demonstrate that increasing the visibility of monitor activity improves performance on task dimensions not being directly paid for. Our evidence is consistent with the importance of conspicuous monitoring when managers and workers are not co-located.

The purpose of this research was to establish the effect of employee behaviour on organisational competitiveness in the hospitality industry. A sample of 51 employees took part in the study. Result...

ASEAN-4 is an emerging market that experienced promising developed financial sector in recent years. The interaction between stock prices and macroeconomic variables has been extensively researched by researchers. By using secondary monthly ASEAN-4 data from January 2009 to December 2017 and using the ARDL estimation, it was found that exchange rates and GDP had a long-term positive effect on stock prices. While inflation, current account, and GDP have no effect on stock price formation. It is also found that there are co-integration in the short and long term in four ASEAN-4 countries. To strengthen the results of co-integration, using "one to one" interactions concluded that inflation, current accounts and interest rates have a very small contribution to the share price in ASEAN-4.

The purpose of this study is to analyse how tourists’ perceptions of a destination’s tourism product influences memorable tourism experiences and how gender differences influence tourists’ perceptions of tourism product. To achieve these objectives, Uganda, one of the developing economies in East Africa, was chosen. The five A’s of tourism product was used as a basis for the questionnaire construction and data was analysed. Explanatory research design within the framework of confirmatory factor analysis - a structural equation modelling technique was adopted using the AMOS 18 program. A sample of 501 respondents consisting of tourists departing Uganda through Entebbe International Airport was used. Results showed that both the measurement and structural models exhibited better model fit indices. Overall, tourists’ perceptions of the retained four dimensions of tourism product (Attractions, ancillary services, amenities and accommodation) had a positive effect on memorable travel experience. Additionally, the independent T-test for gender and tourists’ perceptions of Uganda’s tourism product showed that on average, females had a positive evaluation of Uganda tourism product compared to their male counterparts. However, the observed difference was not significant. It is recommended that destination management organisations pay attention to infrastructure, particularly transport that links potential and actual tourists to key tourism attractions. This is likely to enhance positive perceptions and was found to positively influence memorable travel experience. Other implications for destination branding are discussed.

Purpose.The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of arm weight support training using the ArmeoSpring for subacute patients after stroke with different levels of hemiplegic arm impairments.Methods.48 inpatients with subacute stroke, stratified into 3 groups from mild to severe upper extremity impairment, were engaged in ArmeoSpring training for 45 minutes daily, 5 days per week for 3 weeks, in addition to conventional rehabilitation. Evaluations were conducted at three measurement occasions: immediately before training (T1); immediately after training (T2); and at a 3-week follow-up (T3) by a blind rater.Results.Shoulder flexion active range of motion, Upper Extremity Scores in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and Vertical Catch had the greatest differences in gain scores for patients between severe and moderate impairments, whereas FMA Hand Scores had significant differences in gain scores between moderate and mild impairments. There was no significant change in muscle tone or hand-path ratios between T1, T2, and T3 within the groups.Conclusion.Arm weight support training is beneficial for subacute stroke patients with moderate to severe arm impairments, especially to improve vertical control such as shoulder flexion, and there were no adverse effects in muscle tone.

Promotion of wellbeing programs seldom described in psychiatric service locally. Through the Five Ways to Wellbeing program (NEF, 2008), including the actions to Connect, Be Active, Take Notice, Keep Learning and Give, clients were encouraged to make choices according to their wants and better their health. To document the applicability of the Five Ways to Wellbeing program in acute psychiatric settings. Prospective cohort analysis of patients admitted to In-patient Psychiatric wards within 12 months period. Clients are free to choose the seven sessions of intervention from topics of ‘Five ways to wellbeing program’ or ‘Illness Management Recovery program’. Measurements include Pre- and post-intervention assessment of subjective well-being (C-SWEMWBS) and hope perception (Hope Scale), number of clinics visits and readmission rate 6 months post discharge. 623 admitted patients were recruited with 333 elected for Wellbeing Program. 79 within the group completed the five Ways of Wellbeing while the rest attended a mix of Wellbeing & Recovery program. The change of SWEMWBS score and Hope score is found correlated significantly with number of sessions of the Wellbeing Program attended, age, diagnostic group, onset years and employment status upon admission. The change of SWEMWBS score and the Hope score is significant across all participants of various diagnosis (p

This paper is aimed at exploring African children's attitudinal reactions to television advertisements. A total of 65 children from four African countries - Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and Uganda - participated in 12 focus group discussions on the subject matter. Findings suggest that they like television advertising in relation to its entertainment features - especially when the messages feature children characters, cartoons, music, celebrities and humour - and those promoting foods. They also derive excitement from advertising messages that are presented in Pidgin language and/or humorously integrated with local languages. However, they have an aversion to messages that terrify them and those they consider boring. This paper supplements the existing literature on the attitudes of children to advertising, but from Africa as a different contextual platform. It also suggests directions for the effective use of marketing communications strategies in relation to television advertising for marketers and other bodies with special roles in communicating with children such as government agencies and NGOs.

In recent years, travel associated with volunteering activities has attracted a cross section of people with varying demographic characteristics and aspiration to both developing and developed countries and has been on increase. This paper argues for self-transcendence as an alternative altruistic motivation for some individuals who choose to travel to developing nations destinations which are considered risky as VOLUNtourists. A descriptive research design was used to guide the research process. This study was based on a sample of 501 respondents who had completed their visit to Uganda for various reasons.\ud Results indicate that, there was no significant association between gender and purpose of the visit, while age group was significantly associated with the purpose of visiting. Most visitors were seeking that which they perceived to be beyond themselves associated with spirituality. Currently most facilities within tourist attractions in Uganda favour the adult age group and it is recommended that special consideration be given to the development of affordable facilities such as accommodation to cater for all age groups in order to continue realising the positive contribution to the potential of tourism in developing countries.

A recently developed strategy for utilizing surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to obtain uniquely detailed vibrational information for a myriad of organic (and other) adsorbates on transition metals in electrochemical and other ambient environments is illustrated for benzene and a pair of monosubstituted benzenes, toluene and benzonitrile, on palladium and rhodium films in aqueous solution. The transition-metal layers, formed by constant-current deposition onto SERS-active gold substrates, can be sufficiently thin (3−5 monolayers, ML) so to yield near-optimal Raman scattering intensities, yet are essentially devoid of exposed “pinhole” sites, thereby eliminating spectral interferences from adsorption onto gold. Benzene was selected in view of the detailed vibrational information also available for this archetypical organic chemisorbate on transition metals in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) by means of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Comparison of the spectral information obtained by SERS and EELS ...

The transient reduction kinetics of surface rhodium oxide (Rh2O3) by gaseous H2 and CO have been probed in situ by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The Rh surfaces are ultrathin films electrodeposited onto SERS-active gold, enabling surface vibrational spectroscopic information to be obtained with high temporal resolution (≈1 s) at elevated temperatures (up to 500 °C) and under ambient-pressure flow-reactor conditions. Surface Rh2O3 is formed by heating Rh in flowing O2 at 1 atm and fingerprinted by an intense 530 cm-1 νRh-O feature. The reduction of such oxidized surfaces upon sudden exposure to either H2 or CO over a range of partial pressures (1−760 Torr) was monitored from the decay kinetics of the νRh-O band intensity. Surface oxide is readily reduced by both reductants, although striking differences in the observed kinetic behavior indicate the occurrence of distinct reaction pathways. In the case of H2, at low partial pressures (≤7.6 Torr) below 200 °C a temperature-dependent induction p...

The narrative of regional music is one of the essential components in building the notion of regional identity. In this article we analyze a composition of the gaucho singer Gildo de Freitas, a defender of the gaucho traditions. The musical narrative reveals how the singer stands before the changes resulting from the passage of time, which profoundly affected the scenario, i.e. the conditions of production, and hence the customs, values, culture and tradition, transforming the traditional images of the gaucho. The aim of this article is to identify which elements constitute the image of the gaucho and how they express the tensions and conflicts between social representations about the gaucho of the past with those of present days. Thus, representations assume the role of mediators in the symbolic construction of regional identity of the gaucho, showing what characterizes the "negotiations" of meanings, conflicts and tensions that underlie the processes of sociability involving identity constructions., La narrativa de la música regional es un componente esencial en la construcción de la noción de la identidad regional. En este artículo es analizado el discurso en el presente de la obra de composición del cantante gaucho Gildo de Freitas, un defensor de las tradiciones gauchas. La narrativa musical nos indica cómo el cantante se coloca delante de los cambios que son resultado del pasar del tiempo y que afectaron profundamente el escenario, es decir, las condiciones de producción y, por tanto, las costumbres, los valores de la cultura y la tradición, que transformaron la imagen tradicional de los gauchos. El objetivo del presente trabajo, es el de verificar cuales son los elementos que constituyen la imagen del gaucho y cómo se expresan las tensiones y los conflictos entre las representaciones sociales sobre el gaucho del pasado con las del presente. Así, las representaciones asumen un papel de mediación en la construcción simbólica de identidad regional del Gaucho, mostrando cómo se caracterizan las "negociaciones" de los sentidos, los conflictos y las tensiones que subyacen a los procesos de sociabilidad que implican las construcciones de identidad., A narrativa da música regional é um dos componentes essenciais na construção da noção de identidade regional. Neste artigo tomamos para análise o discurso presente na composição do cantor gaúcho Gildo de Freitas, um defensor das tradições gaúchas. A narrativa musical evidencia como o cantor se posiciona diante das mudanças, decorrentes da passagem do tempo, que afetaram profundamente o cenário, ou seja, as condições de produção, e, portanto, os costumes, os valores da cultura e da tradição, transformando as imagens tradicionais do gaúcho. O objetivo do artigo é verificar quais os elementos que constituem a imagem do gaúcho e como expressam as tensões e os conflitos entre as representações sociais sobre o gaúcho do passado com as do presente. Assim, as representações assumem o papel de mediadoras na construção simbólica da identidade regional do gaúcho, mostrando como se caracterizam as “negociações” de sentidos, os conflitos e as tensões que permeiam os processos de sociabilidade que envolvem as construções identitárias.

This article explores various methodological issues of patient utility measurement in two randomized controlled clinical trials involving 85 patients with fibromyalgia and 144 with ankylosing spondylitis. In both trials one baseline and two follow-up measurements of the patients' preferences for their own health state and several hypothetical states were performed using the rating scale and the standard gamble methods. It was confirmed that standard gamble scores are consistently higher than rating scale scores for both the experienced and the hypothetical states. The 3-month test-retest reliability for hypothetical states measured by intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.24 to 0.33 for the rating scale and from 0.43 to 0.70 for the standard gamble. Although the reproducibility is not high, the group mean scores are fairly stable over time. Mean standard gamble scores tend to differ depending on the way the measurements are undertaken. Utilities elicited with chained gambles were significantly higher than utilities elicited with basic reference gambles. At the individual level some inconsistent responses occurred. However, more than 70% of these fell within the bounds of the measurement error, which ranged from 0.11 to 0.13 on the standard gamble (0-1 scale) and from 8 to 10 on the rating scale (0-100 scale). The large number of negative utilities for the severe hypothetical state, which was used as an anchor point in the chained gambles, and the magnitude of these negative utilities (down to -19) calls for intensified research efforts to handle these responses in utility calculations

This paper presents the results of a study examining service quality assessment of selected sectors of the Hong Kong tourism industry. The functioning of three related sectors of air, rail, and road transport, as well as tourism related government departments, is considered. Identification of the visitors and their perceptions of quality of service offered by these sectors are examined. In order to establish the importance of each of the service quality attributes in determining each sector’s performance, importance-performance analysis was conducted on the airlines, public transport, and government agencies such as police, immigration, customs, and leisure and cultural services. The implications of the results obtained are discussed.