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This paper establishes a test bench for a free piston expander–linear generator (FPE–LG) system coupled with the drive motor (DM) to promote the application of FPE–LG on vehicle. Firstly, it discusses the operating characteristics and output performance of the FPE–LG under the simulated operation conditions of vehicle. Meanwhile, it investigates the operating characteristics of FPE–LG under different torques and expansion times. Finally, this paper analyzes the influence of different torques and expansion times on the operating frequency of FPE–LG. The experimental results show that the operating frequency of FPE–LG is related to the expansion time and torque. The power output of the DM decreases as the torque increases, the power output of the DM increases first and then decreases as the expansion time increases. Therefore, the selection of suitable expansion time under different intake pressure plays an important role in improving the power output of the DM. The maximum of the peak power output of DM is about 25.8 W, when the intake pressure is 4 bar, the expansion time is 30 ms and the torque is 0.00571 N m.

Nowday, the development of technology is growing rapidly, this has an impact on practical life. One of them is coconut grating. in grating coconut people usually used coconut grating. but still rely on human power in grated procces. People use grated coconut from coconut plants. The result of grated coconut that can be used as an ingredient in food making, in order to get grated coconut, commonly people still used traditional way to take it.to overcome the situation, this thesis is designed to make it easier without washing energy and save time. by using sensor tcs3200 to detect color and hcsr 04 to respond distance. beside this project there I a buzzer makes sound when the coconut is finished being grated. the design of this project uses experimental method that consist of hardware and software design. this tool uses microcontroller atmega8535 as control centre of the tool . Dc motor permanent megnet as arm drive motor induction for main grater

This article discusses the calculation of the parameters of the mathematical model and the dynamic characteristics of a synchronous motor for the main drive of a hot-rolled mill 2800.

The wheelchair is the primary rehabilitation device used to enable the movement capability of disabled people. To provide an appropriate wheelchair, the doctor will suggest the necessary customization has to be made on the existing one. However, the customization of a manual wheelchair is easy and cost-effective compared with the powered wheelchair due to simple structure and spare parts availability in the market... Because of the above, a novel concept is proposed. The rear wheels of the manual wheelchair are replaced with a Direct drive motor alloy wheel. CATIA – V5 is utilized to design the proposed wheel and ANSYS software is used to check its performance at different load conditions. The stress-bearing capability of different materials for various Direct drive motor weights is observed through structural analysis. The natural mode frequencies are found using modal analysis and its nature of vibrations is verified. The harmonic response analysis is used to test the nature of deformation and stress concerning natural frequencies for the applied force.

Cincau (Cyclea barbata) is a plant whose leaves can be squeezed thick for the contents of a drink. This plant is a species of the cyclea genus. Green grass jelly leaves are found in various places in Indonesia, from traditional markets to modern shopping centers. This plant is known as camcao (Javanese), camcauh (Sundanese), juju, kepleng, krotok, tarawalu, tahulu (Malay). There are several types of grass jelly known today, namely green grass jelly, black grass jelly, and oil grass jelly. Indonesian people are fond of green grass jelly because the physical nature of green grass jelly leaves (Cyclea barbata) is thin and limp so that it is easier to form into gelatin or into gelatin. So far, research that examines quality improvement in the processing process has not been given much attention, because many think that the process currently carried out meets the standards. For this reason, through this research, efforts were made to improve the quality of Cyclea barbata leaves through the initial stages of the Cyclea barbata leaf processing process. The stalks and leaves of the henna must be separated from the beginning of the processing process before being processed further, so that the pure processed material comes from Cyclea barbata leaves which produce the best Cyclea barbata leaf powder, so that it is expected to produce quality Cyclea barbata leaf products. For that we need a separator for the leaves and stems of the Cyclea barbata plant. This research is needed to produce a design for separating the stem and leaves of the Cyclea barbata plant. The design of this tool needs to refer to the physical characteristics of the leaves and stems of the Cyclea barbata plant, so that power requirements are reduced and operational costs decrease.

A mathematical model of a sucker-rod pumping unit with a balancing drive - a beam pumping unit has been developed. Most wells of Ukrainian oilfields are in a late stage of development and that means their flow rate is lower than the delivery of rod pumps. Such work of beam pumping units leads to reducing the level of dynamic loads in the well and therefore changes the drive load. This violates the steady mode of operation. When the fluid level reaches the depth of the sucker-rod pumping unit, the beam pumping unit is being switched off. There are counterweights on the beam pumping unit cranks that counterbalance the load acting at the point of suspension of the rods. Changing the dynamic level leads to impaired counterbalance.In this way, the drive motor is overloaded when the beam pumping unit is started. An analytical study of the downhole pumping unit during its start-up was carried out.

Purpose. Evaluation of the efficiency of energy recovery systems of mechanical vibrations of cars. Methodology. In the article evaluation of the efficiency of energy recovery systems are investigated by methods of mathematical modeling. Results. The power level of the drive motor is determined, which is uselessly lost when the vehicle moves in difficult road conditions and the percentage of energy that can be returned to the battery is found. Despite a small percentage of this energy, the battery charging time on board the vehicle, as well as the simplicity and low cost of the recovery system are acceptable to justify the feasibility of their implementation. Originality. The article contains simulation results obtained from the original mathematical models. Practical value. It has been established that heavy vehicles are the optimal area for using energy recovery systems.

When a grasped object is larger or smaller than expected, haptic feedback automatically recalibrates motor planning. Intriguingly, haptic feedback can also affect 3D shape perception through a process called depth cue reweighting. Although signatures of cue reweighting also appear in motor behavior, it is unclear whether this motor reweighting is the result of upstream perceptual reweighting, or a separate process. We propose that perceptual reweighting is directly related to motor control; in particular, that it is caused by persistent, systematic movement errors that cannot be resolved by motor recalibration alone. In Experiment 1, we inversely varied texture and stereo cues to create a set of depth-metamer objects: when texture specified a deep object, stereo specified a shallow object, and vice versa, such that all objects appeared equally deep. The stereo-texture pairings that produced this perceptual metamerism were determined for each participant in a matching task (Pre-test). Next, participants repeatedly grasped these depth metamers, receiving haptic feedback that was positively correlated with one cue and negatively correlated with the other, resulting in persistent movement errors. Finally, participants repeated the perceptual matching task (Post-test). In the condition where haptic feedback reinforced the texture cue, perceptual changes were correlated with changes in grasping performance across individuals, demonstrating a link between perceptual reweighting and improved motor control. Experiment 2 showed that cue reweighting does not occur when movement errors are rapidly corrected by standard motor adaptation. These findings suggest a mutual dependency between perception and action, with perception directly guiding action, and actions producing error signals that drive motor and perceptual learning.

The article discusses aspects related to legal solutions in the European Union, which have a direct impact on reducing the emission of toxic exhaust components from internal combustion engines, which are used to drive motor vehicles. Problems related to technical solutions that limit the negative impact of exploited cars on pollution of the natural environment have been presented. The development and impact of the OBD diagnostic system and the influence of non-engine equipment on emission reduction have been described. Carried out tests of a selected group of passenger cars during the obligatory check tests identified a group of vehicles that did not meet the legislator's requirements regarding the permissible values of toxic exhaust components.

This paper describes the implementation of electronic gearing of two DC motor shafts. DC motors are drives for a mobile robot with wheels in the form of wheel - leg (Wheg) configuration. A single wheel consists of two Whegs (dWheg). The first DC motor drives one Wheg, while the second one drives another independent Wheg. One motor serves as the master drive motor, while the other represents the slave drive motor. As the motors are independent, it is necessary to synchronize the speed and adjust the angle between shafts. The main contribution of this paper is the implementation of control structure that enables the slave to follow the master drive, without mechanical coupling. Based on encoder measurements, the slave effectively follows the master drive for the given references of speed and angle. Speed and positioning loops are implemented on real time controller - sbRIO. The laboratory setup was created and comparison of realized and required angles and speeds was made.

In order to promote the economy and power performance of pure electric vehicles and make the drive motor as efficient as possible in the working area, two-speed transmission system is proposed for the pure electric vehicle with fixed speed ratio. When the basic vehicle parameters are determined, the drive motor and the transmission are matched. This paper using MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform to build the model, and verify the result of pure parameter matching.

The article deals with the case of surging of a turbocompressor unit. Mathematical modeling of the situation under consideration is carried out and its influence on the stator current of the electric motor is estimated. The analysis of the simulation results with the corresponding conclusions is made. A surge detection device is proposed.

Trial-to-trial variability in the execution of movements and motor skills is ubiquitous and widely considered to be the unwanted consequence of a noisy nervous system. However, recent studies have suggested that motor variability may also be a feature of how sensorimotor systems operate and learn. This view, rooted in reinforcement learning theory, equates motor variability with purposeful exploration of motor space that, when coupled with reinforcement, can drive motor learning. Here we review studies that explore the relationship between motor variability and motor learning in both humans and animal models. We discuss neural circuit mechanisms that underlie the generation and regulation of motor variability and consider the implications that this work has for our understanding of motor learning.

Many machine tools are equipped with a motor-gearbox based on Planetary Gear Trains (PGT) to extend the constant power range of the machine tool spindle drive motor at low speeds. Other application of PGT in machine tools is for High Speed Machining (HSM). The use of a PGT transmission to approximate a conventional machine tool to HSM, providing an outstanding and cost-effective opportunity for upgrading an existing lower speed machine tool, can save substantial investment in new capital equipment. One of the cheapest solutions is the use of mechanical spindle speeders, used with proven performance in a variety of machining processes, such as drilling, milling, tapping and even grinding. In this paper the design of these PGT transmissions to extend the constant power range and for HSM are given. Results can be of great interest for manufacturers and engineers involved with the design of spindle drive gearboxes for machine tools.

Summary Trial-to-trial movement variability can both drive motor learning and interfere with expert performance, suggesting benefits of regulating it in context-specific ways. Here we address whether and how the brain regulates motor variability as a function of performance by training rats to execute ballistic forelimb movements for reward. Behavioral datasets comprising millions of trials revealed that motor variability is regulated by two distinct processes. A fast process modulates variability as a function of recent trial outcomes, increasing it when performance is poor and vice versa. A slower process tunes the gain of the fast process based on the uncertainty in the task’s reward landscape. Simulations demonstrated that this regulation strategy optimizes reward accumulation over a wide range of time horizons, while also promoting learning. Our results uncover a sophisticated algorithm implemented by the brain to adaptively regulate motor variability to improve task performance. Video Abstract Download : Download video (146MB)

The preBötzinger complex (preBötC) generates the rhythm and rudimentary motor pattern for inspiratory breathing movements. Here, we test “burstlet” theory (Kam et al., 2013a), which posits that low amplitude burstlets, subthreshold from the standpoint of inspiratory bursts, reflect the fundamental oscillator of the preBötC. In turn, a discrete suprathreshold process transforms burstlets into full amplitude inspiratory bursts that drive motor output, measurable via hypoglossal nerve (XII) dischargein vitro. We recap observations by Kam and Feldman in neonatal mouse slice preparations: field recordings from preBötC demonstrate bursts and concurrent XII motor output intermingled with lower amplitude burstlets that do not produce XII motor output. Manipulations of excitability affect the relative prevalence of bursts and burstlets and modulate their frequency. Whole-cell and photonic recordings of preBötC neurons suggest that burstlets involve inconstant subsets of rhythmogenic interneurons. We conclude that discrete rhythm- and pattern-generating mechanisms coexist in the preBötC and that burstlets reflect its fundamental rhythmogenic nature.

Drying is the process of reducing water content to reach a certain moisture content. The drying process of mussel cauliflower in Balongdowo village still relies on sunlight in the drying process. Drying with this process is considered to be less efficient because when the hot rainy season the sun is unpredictable and requires extensive land in the drying process. To overcome this problem, in this final project, the title of the design of cracker dryer is taken using heater heater. Which is expected to increase effectiveness and productivity when the rainy season arrives can also reduce the time and production costs. The method used to solve these problems is to use the bootroyd design method which is designing a dryer that consists of the main components of the drying chamber, conveyor, drive motor and gearbox. The results of the test showed that the drying time of 76 seconds reduced the initial water content of 70% reduced to 15% the water content contained in crackers.

This paper presents a novel approach for terrain characterization based on a tracked skid-steer vehicle with a passive independent suspensions system. A set of physics-based parameters is used to characterize the terrain properties: drive motor electrical currents, the equivalent track, the power spectral density for the vertical accelerations and motor currents. Based on this feature set, the system predicts the type of terrain that the robot traverses. A wide set of experimental results acquired on various surfaces are provided to verify the study in the field, proving its effectiveness for application in autonomous robots.

The purpose of this study is to facilitate the process of making ice cream for the entrepreneurs home industry. The Arduino Mega2560 is used as the main brain of the system that was created. Arduino Mega2560 will check 5 ice cream material containers using 5 ultrasonic sensors. The process of mixing the ingredients for ice cream begins with waiting input from users regarding cream, milk, and flavorings. In this tool, there are 3 choices of flavors. The next step is to open a valve that uses a solenoid valve to release ice cream material, drive motor DC to move the container and weigh it using the Load Cell sensor. The final stage is Arduino Mega2560 which activates a mixer to mix all ingredients. From the test results, this tool has worked well where this tool can mix the ingredients with success rate of ultrasonic sensors by 90%, scales with load cells by 92%, the process of controlling the solenoid valve and mixer by 100%. Keywords: Ice cream, Arduino Mega2560, Ultrasonic, Load cell, Solenoid valve

This paper presents an experimental study of the vibrations induced both by cavitating and by non-cavitating flow in a hydraulic installation that comprises the main elements of a water hydraulic system. The cavitation was triggered by progressively closing a butterfly valve. The vibrations were measured on the pump, on the bearings housing, on the pump drive motor, and at nine measurement points located upstream and downstream of the main elements of the installation. The measurements were carried out at different flow rates obtained at different openings of the butterfly valve. The results suggest that the phenomena that take place inside the pump and inside the bearings cause vibrations having frequencies of up to 10 kHz. The results also indicate that the cavitation that occurs at the butterfly valve causes vibrations of high frequency, above 3 kHz, that have a distinct peak at about 18 kHz. These results could be useful in establishing proper maintenance plans for hydraulic installations.

This paper presents application of a switched reluctance motor with exterior rotor as an in-wheel direct drive motor for low-power electric vehicles (EVs). A prototype system is realized for experimental studies. Both analytical method and finite-element analysis (FEA) are used in this research to obtain characteristics of the motor. The results of the FEA and analytical calculations are presented, and compared to experimental results. The obtained test and simulation results show that the proposed system is suitable for low-power and low-cost EVs.

The research idea of the coal mine main fan’s fault diagnosis is generally the surveillance of the vibration state of the main fan’s impeller and the drive motor’s rotor. The vibration characteristics under different faults are obtained to distinguish the fault categories by analyzing the obtained vibration signals.

In order to meet the requirements of 25kW rated power and 1500r/min rated speed required by the extrusion process of polyester fiber composite materials, a PMSM suitable for this working condition was designed to complete the driving task of the extruder. The geometric model of the motor was established using RMxprt, and the load operation state of the motor was simulated by Maxwell. The motor speed was controlled by a HNTSM control scheme with a disturbance observer, and based on Twin builder and simulink coupled simulation. The simulation results show that the motor can reach the required rated power and rated speed. HNTSM control with disturbance observer is more robust than HNTSM and PID control, and can suppress the jitter caused by sliding mode control. However, compared with PID control, there is still some jitter.

In small island areas, people still use fossil fuel vehicles as their mode of transportation. This will cause environmental damage. One solution to this problem is developing the electric bike. This study uses a power-assisted bicycle type electric bicycle, consisting of a battery, a dc motor, a motor controller, and a throttle motor. From the test results, the motor can be used to support the rider. The problem is that the rated power is still more oversized than the engine can receive, where the temperature rises sharply from 30. 6 ° to 56.8°C in 21 minutes. The consequence was motor burnout because the motor forced to turn the front wheel over time. For right now, this e-bike suitable tourism bike in a short area so we can make sure the motor temperature did not exceed 50°C.

This paper discusses about analyzing in-wheel vehicle’s dynamic motion and load torque. Since in-wheel vehicle controls each left and right driving wheels, it is dangerous if vehicle’s wheels are not in a cooperative control. First, this study builds the main wheel control logic using PID control theory and evaluates the stability. Using Carsim-Matlab/Simulink, vehicle dynamic motion is simulated in virtual 3D driving road. Through this, in-wheel vehicle’s driving performance can be analyzed. The target vehicle is a rear-wheel drive in D-class sedan. Second, by using the first In-wheel vehicle’s performance results, it derivate the drive motor’s dynamic load torque for applying the dynamometer. Extracted load torque impute to dynamometer’s load motor, linear experiment in dynamometer can replicated the 3-D road driving status. Also it, will be able to evaluate the more accurate performance analysis and stability, as a previous step of actual vehicle experiment. Key words : Inwheel(인휠), Carsim(카심), Driving performance(주행 성능), Load torque(부하 토크), Dynamo-meter(동력 시험계)

A common problem of electric drives with semiconductor converters is an accelerated wear of the drive motor bearing units. This wear is caused by generation of bearing currents in the drive motor, which can have a continuous or permanent impact on the bearing assemblies. The authors of this paper have analyzed the causes of bearing currents at driving machines of modern electric drives. The main types of bearing currents have been identified and described including their characteristics. We provide description of the main negative impact, long and short-term consequences of bearing current impact. The basic methods of measurement and control of bearing currents are provided, too. The paper offers means of minimizing bearing currents, analysis of their effectiveness, recommendations for their implementation at modern electric drives. It concerns the main international regulations specifying permissible values of bearing currents and preventive methods. The authors offer recommendations on development of this specific national regulatory framework. Further studies of bearing currents generated at semiconductor drive motors with frequency converters will be connected with mathematical models simulating their generation dependent on operation modes of the autonomous inverter, motor, ground circuit, with their simulation analysis as well as with algorithmic methods aimed at their elimination.

This research is concerned on the thermal modeling and measurement of an electric drive motor. The motor is a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and is actively cooled by circulating coolant through a water jacket. A lumped-parameter thermal network (LPTN) based on the Amesim is established for thermal modeling, and the temperature histories of rotor and copper winding are obtained in a condition of 120kph@3% grade. Slip ring is employed to handle the problem of effectively testing the temperature of motor rotor. The LPTN thermal model is validated by comparing simulation results with the test ones. Based on this equivalent thermal model, temperature distribution along axial direction of the motor can be obtained. The proposed LPTN model is useful for motor design to avoid over heat and demagnetization.

Electric vehicles are important in today’s world to reduce pollution. The demand for electric vehicles is increasing day by day. The major component is the battery for an electric vehicle which gives the power to drive motor and drives the vehicle. Continuous operation of the vehicle causes the battery to heat and while heating there are some flammable gases released which may cause a fire. The heating of batteries reduces the performance of the vehicle and reduces the efficiency, therefore there is a need for cooling techniques to keep the temperature of batteries below the critical temperature for safe operating conditions. The present study emphasizes various cooling techniques used for the battery thermal management system. Cooling improves the performance of the battery and reduces the temperature of the battery. It helps in maintaining the temperature of the battery at the desired level. Before cooling the battery, it is necessary to study the thermal behavior of the battery. Various aspects of the thermal behavior are also reported in the paper and the problems associated with the time required for charging the batteries are also discussed.

When movements become dysmetric, the resultant motor error induces a plastic change in the cerebellum to correct the movement, i.e., motor adaptation. Current evidence suggests that the error signal to the cerebellum is delivered by complex spikes originating in the inferior olive (IO). To prove a causal link between the IO error signal and motor adaptation, several studies blocked the IO, which, unfortunately, affected not only the adaptation but also the movement itself. We avoided this confound by inactivating the source of an error signal to the IO. Several studies implicate the superior colliculus (SC) as the source of the error signal to the IO for saccade adaptation. When we inactivated the SC, the metrics of the saccade to be adapted were unchanged, but saccade adaptation was impaired. Thus, an intact rostral SC is necessary for saccade adaptation. Our data provide experimental evidence for the cerebellar learning theory that requires an error signal to drive motor adaptation.

The ZJ112 type Cigarette machine is a home-made type of PROTOS 90E. When the equipment is running, the filter rod of the filter rod is often deposited with glue, which causes the overloading of the drive motor of the circular blade and the transmission of the transmission gear shaft and so on, which seriously affects the efficiency of the equipment. By designing an automatic cleaning device to clean up the adhesive on the circular blade, it reduces the frequency of the circular blade glue accumulating, improves the stability of the equipment and effectively reduces the working strength of the equipment maintenance and maintenance.

The present study proposed a rapid method, based on a previous universal compression tests, to estimate the required load capacity to cold forge different specimen quantity in a screw press. Accordingly, experimental and theoretical approach are performed to check new adjustable drive motor of the modified forging machine to achieve a gross available energy to deform the specimens preventing damage of the forging machine. During the forging experiments, two screw friction presses (as-received and modified) are used to validate the theoretical approach. The modified press exhibits an increase of 51% of gross energy and 11% of maximum load capacity compare to the as-received press. This method is used to improve the effective of the forging process avoiding excessive loads that could promote machine failure. Therefore, a low-cost and easy to implement methodology is proposed to determine the energy and load capacity of a screw friction press to forge different specimen quantities with symmetry pattern configurations. Fil: Sánchez Egea , A. J. Universidad del País Vasco. Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao; España Fil: Deferrari, N. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Mecánica; Argentina Fil: Abate, G. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Mecánica; Argentina Fil: Martínez Krahmer, D. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial. INTI-Mecánica; Argentina Fil: López de Lacalle, L. N. Universidad del País Vasco. Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao; España

Стаття присвячена дослідженню антипомпажних систем захисту та математичному моделюванню систем газоперекачувальних агрегатів на базі відцентрових компресорів з використанням антипомпажного клапана або байпасуванням, та змішаною системою захисту. Проведено огляд існуючих систем антипомпажного захисту газоперекачувальних агрегатів, який дозволив виявити ряд недоліків при використанні антипомпажного клапану або системи байпасування. Запропонована змішана система антипомпажного захисту з одночасним використанням антипомпажного клапану та системи байпасування. Запропонована послідовність роботи змішаної системи антипомпажного захисту. Наведена структурна схема електромеханічної системи відцентровий компресор – антипомпажний клапан – двигун постійного струму з системою автоматичного керування. Отримані перехідні процеси з використання антипомпажного клапану, байпасування, та змішаної антипомпажної системи. Наведені висновки, які підкреслюють актуальність проведених досліджень та підви щення енергоефективності антипомпажної системи захисту відцентрових компресорів., The article investigates the anti-surge protection systems and mathematical modeling of systems of gas compressor units on the basis of centrifugal compressors with anti-surge valve or baypass, and a mixed protection system. The review of existing systems, surge protection of gas compressor units, which revealed a number of shortcomings when using antisurge valve or baypass system. The proposed mixed system of surge protection with simultaneous use of surge valve and baypass system. The proposed sequence of the mixed system of surge protection. The above block diagram of an electromechanical system centrifugal compressor – anti-surge valve - direct current motor with an automatic control system. Obtained by use of transient surge valve baypass and mixed anti-surge system. These conclusions underline the relevance of the research and energy efficiency centrifugal compressor anti-surge protection system., Статья посвящена исследованию антипомпажного систем защиты и математическому моделированию систем газоперекачивающих агрегатов на базе центробежных компрессоров с использованием антипомпажного клапана или байпасуванням, и смешанной системой защиты. Проведен обзор существующих систем антипомпажного защиты газоперекачивающих агрегатов, который позволил выявить ряд недостатков при использовании антипомпажного клапана или системы байпасування. Предложенная смешанная система антипомпажного защиты с одновременным использованием антипомпажного клапана и системы байпасування. Предложенная последовательность работы смешанной системы антипомпажного защиты. Приведенная структурная схема электромеханической системы центробежный компрессор - антипомпажного клапан - двигатель постоянного тока с системой автоматического управления. Полученные переходные процессы по использованию антипомпажного клапана, байпасування, и смешанной антипомпажного системы. Приведенные выводы, которые подчеркивают актуальность проведенных исследований и повышения энергоэффективности антипомпажного системы защиты центробежных компрессоров.

The research work evaluates the quality of the sensor to perform measurements and documents its effects on the performance of the system. It also evaluates if this performance changes due to the environments and other system parameters. These environments and parameters include vibration, system friction, structural resonance, and dynamic system input. The analysis is done by modeling a gimbal camera system that requires angular measurements from inertial sensors and gyros for stabilization. Overall, modeling includes models for four different types of gyros, the gimbal camera system, the drive motor, the motor rate control system, and the angle position control system. Models for friction, structural resonance, and vibration are analyzed, respectively. The system is simulated, for an ideal system, and then includes the more realistic environmental and system parameters. These simulations are run with each of the four types of gyros. The performance analysis depicts that for the ideal system; increasing gyro quality provides better system performance. However, when environmental and system parameters are introduced, this is no longer the case. There are even cases when lower quality sensors provide better performance than higher quality sensors.

The article deals with calculation of a stair lift drive and its design. The aim is the determining the necessary power of the used electric motor depending on the variable input values such as a passenger weight, a gradient of the seat lift etc. Calculating the required power for operation of the equipment is essential for selecting the optimal drive motor. In practice, the mathematical-physical principle of solving a problem such as drive calculation is often neglected. This results in the use of excessively powerful propulsion equipment, and thus in excessive financial cost in mass production. Consequently, by designing a drive-train, it will be possible to design the entire drive mechanism, i.e. motor, gearbox, gear module, etc. A significant part of the overall solution will be the design of the shaft for the drive pinion and its analytical dimensional calculation in comparison with the numerical solution. This will fulfil the prerequisites for optimizing the current shaft design by reducing its mass from the current value of 1.185 kg while the safety and reliability conditions of the construction are still met.