113 results on '"CuSO4"'
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2. Effect of Micronutrient Supplemented Mulberry Leaves on Larvae of Silk Worm Bombyx mori
- Author
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Marin, Grace, Arivoli, Subramanian, and Tennyson, Samuel
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Use of aqueous compositions of polyacrylamide with zinc and copper cations as a possible way to reduce the risks of microbial contamination in objects in the hospital environment
- Author
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M.V. Kuznetsova, E.V. Afanasievskaya, N.V. Nikolaeva, E.S. Gorovitz, A.S. Averkina, I.N. Feklistova, and V.A. Valtsifer
- Subjects
risks of microbial contamination ,cuso4 ,znso4 ,polyacrylamides (pam) ,antimicrobial solutions ,antimicrobial activity ,hospital environment ,Medicine - Abstract
Microbial contamination means that infectious agents are identified on objects in the hospital environment. This serious issue is the most significant for healthcare organizations. Covering abiotic surfaces with a thin polymer film can be a promising way to fight against microbial adhesion and colonization. This film acts as a depot of an antibacterial substance. In this study, our aim was to investigate antimicrobial effects of new water compositions of polyacrylamides (PAM) with CuSO4 and ZnSO4. We examined antibacterial activity of 5%-solutions of CuSO4 and ZnSO4 and their compositions with various PAM types in a concentration equal to 0.075 % against such reference cultures as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniaе, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. We estimated use of PAM as a growth substrate as well as antimicrobial activity of the analyzed solutions and compositions in agar and liquid nutrient media. As a result, we established that bacterial cultures did not use PAM as sole nutrition source when growing in a liquid mineral medium and on PAM-films covering glass and plastic surfaces. More apparent inhibitory effects were produced on microorganisms cultivated on solid and liquid nutrient media by 5%-solution of ZnSO4. When PAM Praestol 857 and PAM Praestol were added to solutions of Cu2+ and Zn2+ cations, it resulted in an authentic increase in a diameter of a zone with inhibited bacterial growth in the agar medium. In the liquid medium, salts of both metals inhibited the growth and viability of all the analyzed microorganisms already in a concentration equal to 0.16 % or lower. Adding PAM Praestol 2530 led to a slight decrease in antibacterial efficiency of the examined metal salts whereas PAM Praestol 857 had practically no influence on bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects produced by them. Therefore, use of the obtained composite solutions where CuSO4 or ZnSO4, immobilized on a PAM matrix act as an antibacterial component seems a promising way to disinfect objects in the hospital environment. This can significantly reduce risks of hospital-acquired infections.
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
4. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Squalene in Copper Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio).
- Author
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Zhang, Peng, Liu, Naicheng, Xue, Mingyang, Zhang, Mengjie, Xiao, Zidong, Xu, Chen, Fan, Yuding, Liu, Wei, Qiu, Junqiang, Zhang, Qinghua, and Zhou, Yong
- Subjects
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BRACHYDANIO , *ZEBRA danio , *REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction , *HUMAN constitution , *LARVAE , *SQUALENE - Abstract
Long-term or excessive oxidative stress can cause serious damage to fish. Squalene can be added to feed as an antioxidant to improve the body constitution of fish. In this study, the antioxidant activity was detected by 2,2-diphenyl-1-acrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and fluorescent probe (dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate). Transgenic Tg (lyz: DsRed2) zebrafish were used to evaluate the effect of squalene on CuSO4-induced inflammatory response. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of immune-related genes. The DPPH assay demonstrated that the highest free radical scavenging exerted by squalene was 32%. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased significantly after 0.7% or 1% squalene treatment, and squalene could exert an antioxidative effect in vivo. The number of migratory neutrophils in vivo was significantly reduced after treatment with different doses of squalene. Moreover, compared with CuSO4 treatment alone, treatment with 1% squalene upregulated the expression of sod by 2.5-foldand gpx4b by 1.3-fold to protect zebrafish larvae against CuSO4-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, treatment with 1% squalene significantly downregulated the expression of tnfa and cox2. This study showed that squalene has potential as an aquafeed additive to provide both anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Differential Effects of Histidine and Histidinamide versus Cysteine and Cysteinamide on Copper Ion-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Keratinocytes.
- Author
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Ha, Jae Won, Choi, Joon Yong, and Boo, Yong Chool
- Subjects
HISTIDINE ,CYSTEINE ,GLUTAMIC acid ,OXIDATIVE stress ,ASPARTIC acid ,AMINO acids - Abstract
Metal chelators are used for various industrial and medical purposes based on their physicochemical properties and biological activities. In biological systems, copper ions bind to certain enzymes as cofactors to confer catalytic activity or bind to specific proteins for safe storage and transport. However, unbound free copper ions can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative stress and cell death. The present study aims to identify amino acids with copper chelation activities that might mitigate oxidative stress and toxicity in skin cells exposed to copper ions. A total of 20 free amino acids and 20 amidated amino acids were compared for their copper chelation activities in vitro and the cytoprotective effects in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes exposed to CuSO
4 . Among the free amino acids, cysteine showed the highest copper chelation activity, followed by histidine and glutamic acid. Among the amidated amino acids, cysteinamide showed the highest copper chelation activity, followed by histidinamide and aspartic acid. CuSO4 (0.4–1.0 mM) caused cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the free and amidated amino acids (1.0 mM), only histidine and histidinamide prevented the HaCaT cell death induced by CuSO4 (1.0 mM). Cysteine and cysteinamide had no cytoprotective effects despite their potent copper-chelating activities. EDTA and GHK-Cu, which were used as reference compounds, had no cytoprotective effects either. Histidine and histidinamide suppressed the CuSO4 -induced ROS production, glutathione oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in HaCaT cells, whereas cysteine and cysteinamide had no such effects. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) showed copper-chelating activity at 0.5–1.0 mM (34–68 mg mL−1 ). Histidine, histidinamide, and BSA at 0.5–1.0 mM enhanced the viability of cells exposed to CuCl2 or CuSO4 (0.5 mM or 1.0 mM) whereas cysteine and cysteinamide had no such effects. The results of this study suggest that histidine and histidinamide have more advantageous properties than cysteine and cysteinamide in terms of alleviating copper ion-induced toxic effects in the skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge.
- Author
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Juxing Chen, Frances Yan, Kuttappan, Vivek A., Wedekind, Karen, Vázquez-Añón, Mercedes, and Hancock, Deana
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EIMERIA ,BROILER chickens ,COPPER ,CLOSTRIDIA ,COPPER chlorides ,COCCIDIOSIS ,ESCHERICHIA coli - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is widely used at high levels as growth promoter in poultry, the alternative source of Cu to replace the high level of inorganic Cu at poultry farm remains to be determined. Three floor pen experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu methionine hydroxy-analogue chelate (Cu-MHAC, MINTREX
® Cu, Novus International, Inc.) on growth performance and gut health in broilers in comparison to CuSO4 and/or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC). There were 3 treatments in experiment#1 (0, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC) and experiment#2 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, and 125 ppm CuSO4 ), and 4 treatments in experiment #3 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, 125 ppm CuSO4 and 125 ppm TBCC) with nine replicates pens of 10–13 birds in each treatment. The levels of other minerals were equal among all treatments within each experiment. All birds were orally gavaged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 1x recommended dose on d0 in experiment#1 and #2 and 10x recommended dose on d15 in experiment #3. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, means were separated by Fisher’s protected LSD test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically different. In experiment #1, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR during grower phase, increased jejunal villus height and reduced jejunal crypt depth, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased cecal Lactobacillus spp. abundance in 41 days broilers. In experiment #2, compared to CuSO4 , 15ppm Cu-MHAC increased cumulative performance index in 28 days broilers, 15 and/or 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved gut morphometry, and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC reduced the abundance of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in cecum in 43 days broilers. In experiment #3, 15 ppm and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR vs. CuSO4 during starter phase, reduced the percentage of E. coli of total bacteria vs. TBCC, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased the percentages of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium cluster XIVa of total bacteria vs. both CuSO4 and TBCC in the cecum of 27 days broilers. In summary, low doses of Cu-MHAC had comparable growth performance to high dose of TBCC and CuSO4 while improving gut microflora and gut morphometry in broilers subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge, indicating that low doses of bis-chelated Cu could be used as a complimentary strategy to improve animal gut health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Preparation of Highly-Cyclized Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.
- Author
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Xuan Ji, Jia-Yu Wang, An-Bang Wang, Wei-Kun Wang, Ming Yao, and Ya-Qin Huang
- Subjects
LITHIUM-ion batteries ,POLYACRYLONITRILES ,POLYSULFIDES ,RING formation (Chemistry) ,ELECTROCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Electrochemistry is the property of Journal of Electrochemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Impact of copper sulphate treatment on cyanobacterial blooms and subsequent water quality risks.
- Author
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Watson, S.E., Taylor, C.H., Bell, V., Bellamy, T.R., Hooper, A.S., Taylor, H., Jouault, M., Kille, P., and Perkins, R.G.
- Subjects
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DRINKING water quality , *CYANOBACTERIAL blooms , *COPPER sulfate , *ALGAL blooms , *WATER quality , *CYANOBACTERIAL toxins , *DRINKING water - Abstract
Control of algal blooms and associated biologically-induced water quality risks in drinking reservoirs is problematic. Copper sulphate (CuSO 4) treatment is one intervention that has been utilised for >100 years. Evidence indicates a favourable short-term reduction in Cyanobacterial biomass (e.g. bloom termination), but here we indicate that it may also increase longer-term water quality risk. In 2022, we investigated the impacts of CuSO 4 spraying on Cyanobacterial communities and nutrient levels within a drinking water supply reservoir using environmental DNA (eDNA) to assess community shifts, alongside monitoring nutrient fractions, orthophosphate (OP) and total phosphate (TP), post-treatment. CuSO 4 application successfully reduced Cyanobacterial abundance, however elimination of Cyanobacteria resulted in a shift in bacterial dominance favouring Planctomycetota throughout the summer and a combination of Actinobacteriota and Verrucomicrobiota, throughout autumn. As Cyanobacterial abundance recovered post-treatment, Cyanobacterial genera demonstrated greater diversity compared to only three Cyanobacterial genera present across samples pre-treatment, and included taxa associated with water quality risk (e.g. taste and odour (T&O) metabolite and toxin producers). The increase in Cyanobacteria post-treatment was attributed to an increase in biologically available nutrients, primarily a significant increase in OP. Overall, findings suggest that the significant shift in biodiversity likely induces a less stable ecosystem with greater plasticity of response to changing environmental and biogeochemical variables. Legacy implications of CuSO 4 spraying, in terms of shifts in ecosystem and nutrient balance over time, may have implications for drinking water quality, but importantly also for reservoir management options. As such, the effects of CuSO 4 spraying should be considered carefully before consideration as a contender for in-reservoir biological control. [Display omitted] • Copper sulphate application successfully reduced Cyanobacterial abundance. • Abundance recovered post-treatment, with greater Cyanobacterial diversity. • Increased Cyanobacteria post-treatment linked to elevated nutrient bioavailability. • Greater response plasticity to changing variables incite management implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Squalene in Copper Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
- Author
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Peng Zhang, Naicheng Liu, Mingyang Xue, Mengjie Zhang, Zidong Xiao, Chen Xu, Yuding Fan, Wei Liu, Junqiang Qiu, Qinghua Zhang, and Yong Zhou
- Subjects
squalene ,zebrafish (Danio rerio) ,CuSO4 ,anti-inflammation ,antioxidation ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Long-term or excessive oxidative stress can cause serious damage to fish. Squalene can be added to feed as an antioxidant to improve the body constitution of fish. In this study, the antioxidant activity was detected by 2,2-diphenyl-1-acrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test and fluorescent probe (dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate). Transgenic Tg (lyz: DsRed2) zebrafish were used to evaluate the effect of squalene on CuSO4-induced inflammatory response. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of immune-related genes. The DPPH assay demonstrated that the highest free radical scavenging exerted by squalene was 32%. The fluorescence intensity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased significantly after 0.7% or 1% squalene treatment, and squalene could exert an antioxidative effect in vivo. The number of migratory neutrophils in vivo was significantly reduced after treatment with different doses of squalene. Moreover, compared with CuSO4 treatment alone, treatment with 1% squalene upregulated the expression of sod by 2.5-foldand gpx4b by 1.3-fold to protect zebrafish larvae against CuSO4-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, treatment with 1% squalene significantly downregulated the expression of tnfa and cox2. This study showed that squalene has potential as an aquafeed additive to provide both anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Differential Effects of Histidine and Histidinamide versus Cysteine and Cysteinamide on Copper Ion-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cytotoxicity in HaCaT Keratinocytes
- Author
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Jae Won Ha, Joon Yong Choi, and Yong Chool Boo
- Subjects
copper ion ,CuSO4 ,chelator ,amino acid ,histidine ,histidinamide ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Metal chelators are used for various industrial and medical purposes based on their physicochemical properties and biological activities. In biological systems, copper ions bind to certain enzymes as cofactors to confer catalytic activity or bind to specific proteins for safe storage and transport. However, unbound free copper ions can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative stress and cell death. The present study aims to identify amino acids with copper chelation activities that might mitigate oxidative stress and toxicity in skin cells exposed to copper ions. A total of 20 free amino acids and 20 amidated amino acids were compared for their copper chelation activities in vitro and the cytoprotective effects in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes exposed to CuSO4. Among the free amino acids, cysteine showed the highest copper chelation activity, followed by histidine and glutamic acid. Among the amidated amino acids, cysteinamide showed the highest copper chelation activity, followed by histidinamide and aspartic acid. CuSO4 (0.4–1.0 mM) caused cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the free and amidated amino acids (1.0 mM), only histidine and histidinamide prevented the HaCaT cell death induced by CuSO4 (1.0 mM). Cysteine and cysteinamide had no cytoprotective effects despite their potent copper-chelating activities. EDTA and GHK-Cu, which were used as reference compounds, had no cytoprotective effects either. Histidine and histidinamide suppressed the CuSO4-induced ROS production, glutathione oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation in HaCaT cells, whereas cysteine and cysteinamide had no such effects. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) showed copper-chelating activity at 0.5–1.0 mM (34–68 mg mL−1). Histidine, histidinamide, and BSA at 0.5–1.0 mM enhanced the viability of cells exposed to CuCl2 or CuSO4 (0.5 mM or 1.0 mM) whereas cysteine and cysteinamide had no such effects. The results of this study suggest that histidine and histidinamide have more advantageous properties than cysteine and cysteinamide in terms of alleviating copper ion-induced toxic effects in the skin.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Regenerasi Kalus Embriogenik Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) menggunakan Kombinasi ZPT dan Mikronutrien
- Author
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Nadya Oktafiana, Siti Umayyah, Wulan Nursyiam Ningtyas, and Bambang Sugiharto
- Subjects
CuSO4 ,Kinetin ,NAA ,Regenerasi ,Tanaman Sorgum ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Perakitan varietas unggul tanaman sorgum dapat dilakukan melalui perbanyakan secara in-vitro melalui kultur jaringan. Somatik embriogenesis menjadi salah satu metode perbanyakan yang tepat untuk menghasilkan tanaman dalam waktu yang cepat dan jumlah banyak. Tetapi, rendahnya kemampuan regenerasi kalus menyebabkan kegagagalan terbentukya tunas dan tanaman baru. Pemberian nutrisi dan zat pengaruh tumbuh (ZPT) yang efektif pada media regenerasi menentukan keberhasilan regenerasi kalus. Sitokinin dan auksin merupakan jenis ZPT yang berperan dalam pembelahan dan perkembangan sel serta menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas pada kalus. Sedangkan, CuSO4 digunakan sebagai nutrisi mikro tambahan yang berperan aktif dalam katalisasi enzim dan transfer elektron pada proses fotosintesis. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik dari kombinasi antara Kinetin, NAA, dan CuSO4 pada media regenerasi kalus sorgum untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas dan akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi MS0, 0,1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L kinetin menjadi kombinasi paling baik unuk regenerasi tunas yaitu 6,38 tunas. Sedangkan untuk regenerasi akar kombinasi MS0 dan 1 mg/L CuSO4 merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk regenerasi tunas dan akar sebanyak 32,1 akar dan meningkatkan jumlah planlet sebanyak 7,67. Namun sebaliknya, tidak ada pengaruh pada penambahan CuSO4 terhadap tinggi tanaman. Planlet yang tumbuh mampu beradaptasi pada kondisi in vivo di dalam green house dan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pertumbuhan antara tanaman yang tumbuh dari biji dan tanaman hasil in vitro.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder
- Author
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Hongrui Guo, Yujuan Ouyang, Heng Yin, Hengmin Cui, Huidan Deng, Huan Liu, Zhijie Jian, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao, Yanqiu Zhu, Yi Geng, and Ping Ouyang
- Subjects
CuSO4 ,Autophagy ,Oxidative stress ,Apoptosis ,Spermatogenesis disorder ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a necessary micronutrient at lower concentration, while excessive Cu exposure or Cu homeostasis disorders can lead to toxicity. The mechanism of male reproductive toxicity induced by Cu is still unknown. This study aims to investigate whether autophagy plays an important role in copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder in vivo and vitro. The present study showed that copper sulfate (CuSO4) might significantly promote autophagy level in the testis and mouse-derived spermatogonia cell line GC-1 spg cells. Concurrently, CuSO4 could induce autophagy via AMPK-mTOR pathway that downregulated p-mTOR/mTOR and subsequently upregulated p-AMPKα/AMPKα as well as p-ULK1/ULK1. In the meanwhile, CuSO4 treatment could also increase expression levels of the autophagy-related proteins. Then, the role of oxidative stress in CuSO4-induced autophagy was investigated. The findings demonstrated that oxidative stress inhibitor (NAC) attenuated CuSO4-induced autophagy in vivo and vitro, reversing the activation for AMPK-mTOR pathway. Additionally, the study also investigated how autophagy worked under the spermatogenesis disorder induced by CuSO4. Inhibition of autophagy could decrease cell viability, and enhance the ROS accumulation and apoptosis in the GC-1 cells, meanwhile, the spermatogenesis disorder, oxidative stress and histopathological changes were increased in the testis. Furthermore, co-treatment with the apoptosis inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) could decrease the spermatogenesis disorder but not influence autophagy. Besides, the crosslink between autophagy and ferroptosis were also measured, the data showed that inhibition of autophagy could suppress CuSO4-induced ferroptosis in in vivo and vitro. Altogether, abovementioned results indicated that CuSO4 induced autophagy via oxidative stress-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway in the GC-1 cells and testis, and autophagy activation possibly led to the generation of protection mechanism through oxidative damage and apoptosis inhibition, however, autophagy also aggravate CuSO4 toxicology through promoting ferroptosis. Overall, autophagy plays a positive role for attenuating CuSO4-induced testicular damage and spermatogenesis disorder. Our study provides a possible targeted therapy for Cu overload-induced reproduction toxicology.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Protective Effect of N-acetyl-cysteine Against Rat Liver Mitochondrial Toxicity Induced by CuSO4
- Author
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Mohsen rezaei and Sohrab rahmani
- Subjects
cuso4 ,isolated mitochondria ,n-acetyl-cysteine ,reduced glutathione ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is a toxic substance with a broad range of applications; however, the ingestion of high levels of it cause a wide range of complications in the liver tissue. According to previous studies, mitochondria are potential targets for CuSO4 toxicity. The present study aimed to examine the role of N-acetyl-cysteine as an antioxidant agent in the protection of mitochondria against toxicity induced by CuSO4. Methods: This study was performed on isolated liver mitochondria extracted from male Wistar rats (180-200 g) by multiple centrifuges and finally divided into 5 different groups. Group 1 was the control group, while group 2 received a single dose of 106 µM of CuSo4. The other groups were pretreated with different concentrations of N-acetyl-cysteine (1, 2, 5 mM) and exposed to 106 µM of CuSO4. Subsequently, MTT assay, lipid peroxidation, and GSH (reduced glutathione) were determined in each group. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance test. Results: The results of the present study revealed that significant changes in mitochondrial indexes such as mitochondrial complex Ⅱ function, mitochondrial glutathione reduction, and lipid peroxidation levels were evident in rat liver mitochondria exposed to CuSO4. On the other hand, it was found that pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine efficiently inhibited CuSO4 toxicity. Conclusion: The results confirmed the protective effects of N-acetyl-cysteine against CuSO4 toxicity on rat liver mitochondria, which may be due to its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species.
- Published
- 2020
14. Copper accumulation and physiological markers of soybean (Glycine max) grown in agricultural soil amended with copper nanoparticles
- Author
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Yinlong Xiao, Jun Ma, Junren Xian, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Ying Du, Dong Tian, Hong Xiao, Yan He, Ling Luo, Ouping Deng, and Lihua Tu
- Subjects
Copper nanoparticles ,CuSO4 ,Accumulation ,Physiological effects ,Soybean ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) display a strong potential to replace copper salts (e.g., CuSO4) for application in agricultures as antimicrobial agents or nutritional amendments. Yet, their effects on crop quality are still not comprehensively understood. In this study, the Cu contents in soybeans grown in soils amended with Cu NPs and CuSO4 at 100–500 mg Cu/kg and the subsequent effects on the plant physiological markers were determined. The Cu NPs induced 29–89% at the flowering stage (on Day 40) and 100–165% at maturation stage (on Day 100) more Cu accumulation in soybeans than CuSO4. The presence of particle aggregates in the root cells with deformation upon the Cu NP exposure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The Cu NPs at 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly improved the plant height and biomass, yet significantly inhibited at 500 mg/kg, compared to the control. In leaves chlorophyll-b was more sensitive than chlorophyll-a and carotenoids to the Cu NP effect. The Cu NPs significantly decreased the root nitrogen and phosphorus contents, while they significantly increased the leaf potassium content in comparison with control. Our results imply that cautious use of Cu NPs in agriculture is warranted due to relatively high uptake of Cu and altered nutrient quality in soybeans.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Screening of Suitable Plant Regeneration Protocols for Several Capsicum spp. through Direct Organogenesis.
- Author
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Martínez-López, Marina, García-Pérez, Ana, Gimeno-Páez, Esther, Prohens, Jaime, Vilanova, Santiago, and García-Fortea, Edgar
- Subjects
PLANT morphogenesis ,PEPPERS ,CAPSICUM annuum ,CAPSICUM chinense ,PLANT population regeneration ,SILVER nitrate ,COPPER sulfate - Abstract
Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are recalcitrant to in vitro culture regeneration, making the application of in vitro-based breeding strategies difficult. We evaluated the impact of different combinations of auxins, cytokinins and micronutrients on the induction of direct organogenesis in cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of C. annuum, C. baccatum and C. chinense. We found variation in the regeneration response among species and type of explant. In this way, the average numbers of shoots per cotyledon and hypocotyl explant were, respectively, 1.44 and 0.28 for C. annuum, 4.17 and 3.20 for C. baccatum and 0.08 and 0.00 for C. chinense. Out of the six media, the best overall results were obtained with the medium Pep1, which contained 5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0.5 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 0.47 mg/L CuSO
4 , followed by a subculture in the same medium supplemented with 10 mg/L AgNO3 (medium Pep1.2). The best result for the Pep1 + Pep1.2 medium was obtained for C. baccatum using cotyledon explants, with 8.87 shoots per explant. The explants grown in medium Pep1 + Pep1.2 were the ones with greener tissue, while overall the hypocotyl explants were greener than the cotyledon explants. Our results indicate that there is wide variation among Capsicum species in terms of regeneration. Our results suggest that the synergistic effect of copper and silver resulted in a higher regeneration rate of Capsicum explants. Explants with shoots were transferred to different media for elongation, rooting and acclimatization. Although acclimatized plantlets were obtained for C. baccatum and C. chinense, an improvement in these latter stages would be desirable for a high throughput regeneration pipeline. This work contributes to the improvement of Capsicum regeneration protocols using specific combinations of medium, explant and genotype, reaching the levels of efficiency required for genetic transformation and of gene editing technologies for other crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. mtROS-mediated Akt/AMPK/mTOR pathway was involved in Copper-induced autophagy and it attenuates Copper-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 mouse monocytes
- Author
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Qin Luo, Yuzhen Song, Jingjing Kang, Yuchen Wu, Fengsun Wu, Yueqin Li, Qing Dong, Jun Wang, Chao Song, and Hongrui Guo
- Subjects
CuSO4 ,Autophagy ,Apoptosis ,mtROS ,RAW264.7 cells ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a trace element necessary in animals as well as human beings. However, excessive Cu is toxic to immunocytes, but the precise mechanism is largely unclear so far. This work was conducted aiming to examine the Cu-mediated autophagy mechanism together with its role in Cu toxicology in RAW264.7 cells. Here, we demonstrated that CuSO4 reduced the cell viability depending on its dose. CuSO4 could obviously increase autophagy in RAW264.7 cells. According to the obtained results, CuSO4 induced autophagy through Akt/AMPK/mTOR pathway which characterized by down regulation of p-Akt (Ser473)/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR, p-ULK1(Ser757)/ULK1 and subsequent up-regulation of p-AMPKα/AMPKα and p-ULK1(Ser555)/ULK1. Furthermore, CuSO4 significantly induced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). In addition, CuSO4-mediated apoptosis and autophagy might be suppressed through suppressing mtROS generation by exposure to Mito-TEMPO. Intriguingly, autophagy promotion with rapamycin could decrease the apoptosis and the inhibition of autophagy with knock down Atg5 could enhance the apoptosis induced by CuSO4. Moreover, our results suggested that mtROS is the original cause in CuSO4-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Additionally, CuSO4 induced autophagy through mtROS-dependent Akt/AMPK/mTOR signalling pathwayin RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, autophagy activation might potentially generate a protection mechanism for improving CuSO4-induced RAW264.7 cell apoptosis.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Evaluation of gamma irradition process for induction of color change in gel composite
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Esther Lorrayne Machado Pereira, Gabriela Pontes Cardoso, and Adriana de Souza Medeiros Batista
- Subjects
Clinical gel ,CuSO4 ,gamma irradiation process. ,Science - Abstract
The gamma irradiation process of industrial and medical materials is based on radio-induced changes for specific purposes, such as sterilization or induction of color formation. In gem irradiation, for example, color changes according to the deposited dose. In this work we present results obtained by the irradiation of clinical gel/copper sulfate composite to observe the color change for further evaluation of its use as an indicator of volume dose distribution. The irradiations were performed with a Co-60 source at doses between 10-100 kGy in XXXXX of XXXXX. Samples were prepared in three different compositions in relation to the amount of copper sulfate added (100, 400 and 500 mg of CuSO4 in 100 ml of clinical gel). Samples were photographed before and after exposure and color change evaluated with the ImageJ© program. Was observed color change in the samples as the radiation dose increase. Greater color variations were observed for the sample of clinical gel/CuSO4 (100 mg). The samples were re-evaluated one month after irradiation and it was noticed that the color undergoes alteration over time, but without returning to the original color. These results are useful in characterizing future use of the composite as a volumetric indicator of dose distribution in gamma irradiation processes.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Copper induces hepatocyte autophagy via the mammalian targets of the rapamycin signaling pathway in mice
- Author
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Huan Liu, Huidan Deng, Hengmin Cui, Zhijie Jian, Hongrui Guo, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo, Junliang Deng, Yinglun Li, Xun Wang, and Ling Zhao
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CuSO4 ,Autophagy ,MTOR signaling pathway ,Liver ,Mouse ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Although copper is among the indispensable trace elements in animal physiological processes, it exerts toxicity upon over-exposure. The present study aimed to investigate hepatocyte autophagy induced by CuSO4 and its potential mechanism. A total of 240 ICR mice (four-week-old, 120 males and 120 females) were randomly divided into four groups, in which mice separately received 0, 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg of Cu (Cu2+-CuSO4) for 42 d. The results of increased autophagosomes and autophagy marker LC3B brown cell staining showed that excessive intake of Cu enhanced hepatocyte autophagy. Simultaneously, Cu inhibited the activity of mTOR through suppressing mRNA and protein expressions in mTOR, which in turn up-regulated expression levels of ULK1 and initiated autophagy. Also, over-exposure to Cu increased mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin1, Atg12, Atg5, Atg16L1, Atg7, Atg3, and LC3 and decreased mRNA and protein expressions of p62. These results indicate that excess Cu can enhance hepatocyte autophagy via inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway and regulating mRNA and protein expressions of factors implicated to autophagy in mice.
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- 2021
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19. Mechanism of CuSO4 cytotoxicity in goat erythrocytes after high-level in vitro exposure to isotonic media
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Dayong Tao, Yong Wang, Junfeng Liu, Rong Chen, Meng Qi, and Shiwen Xu
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CuSO4 ,Goat erythrocytes ,Hemolysis ,Membrane proteins and phospholipids ,ATPase ,Oxidative stress ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a common environmental pollutant in nature. Cu-poisoning can cause liver damage and erythrocytes hemolysis. To evaluate the effect of CuSO4 poisoning on the morphological and functional characteristics of goat red blood cells. Five 10–14-month-old goats were selected for jugular vein blood sampling to obtain erythrocytes, and then the erythrocytes were processed with different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L) of CuSO4 for 48 h, and 40 μmol/L doses CuSO4 incubated for different time (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h) to process erythrocytes. We observed the changes in erythrocyte morphology through scanning electron microscopy, and detected the antioxidant function and activities of three ATPases. Additionally, biological properties were examined from the perspectives of phospholipids and membrane protein components, permeability fragility, and fluidity in erythrocytes. We found that after CuSO4 treatment, the antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes decreased, which was manifested as increased MDA content and decreased CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities (p
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- 2021
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20. Effect of different vase solutions on postharvest longevity of cut foliage Ophiopogon japonicus
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S. M. K. H. Wijayabandara, J. W. Damunupola, S. A. Krishnarajah, W. A. M. Daundasekera, and D. S. A. Wijesundara
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vase life ,bap ,cuso4 ,sucrose ,ophiopogon ,foliage ,Science - Abstract
Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl (family Liliaceae) is an export-oriented foliage plant with attractive white-green strips. The vase life of this cut foliage ends when the leaves loose turgidity and/ or bright green colour. Thus, to enhance the vase life of O. japonicus, effect of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mM CuSO4.5H2O, 10, 20, and 30 g/L sucrose and combination of sucrose with 0.5 mM CuSO4.5H2O as holding treatments, 20 g/L and 30 g/L sucrose solutions as 24 h pulsing treatments and 6-Benzylaminopurine 5, 10, 20 mg/L BAP were tested. Relative fresh weight of leaves, solution uptake rate and vase life were assessed. Vase solution bacterial enumerations were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of CuSO4.5H2O as a biocide. To investigate the function of BAP, amount of chlorophyll was quantified using leaf pigment extracts. The vase life of O. japonicus could be extended from 5.1 days to 12.5 days by giving BAP based vase solutions. Chlorophyll contents of leaves dipped in BAP solutions were significantly higher than the control (distilled water). CuSO4 solutions did not show any significant antibacterial effects compared to the control. According to vase life data, the most effective vase solutions were CuSO4.5H2O (0.5 mM), sucrose 20 g/L with CuSO4.5H2O (0.5 mM) as holding treatments, sucrose 20 g/L and 30 g/L as pulsing treatments and BAP treatments (5, 10, 20 mg/L).
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- 2018
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21. The Effect of Daminozide, Dark/Light Schedule and Copper Sulphate in Tissue Culture of Triticum timopheevii
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Dmitry Miroshnichenko, Anna Klementyeva, and Sergey Dolgov
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wheat ,immature embryos ,somatic embryogenesis ,albino phenotype ,2,4-D ,CuSO4 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. is a tetraploid wheat that is utilized worldwide as a valuable breeding source for wheat improvement. Gene-based biotechnologies can contribute to this field; however, T. timopheevii exhibits recalcitrance and albinism in tissue cultures, making this species of little use for manipulation through genetic engineering and genome editing. This study tested various approaches to increasing in vitro somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration, while reducing the portion of albinos in cultures derived from immature embryos (IEs) of T. timopheevii. They included (i) adjusting the balance between 2,4-D and daminozide in callus induction medium; (ii) cultivation using various darkness/illumination schedules; and (iii) inclusion of additional concentrations of copper ions in the tissue culture medium. We achieved a 2.5-fold increase in somatic embryogenesis (up to 80%) when 50 mg L−1 daminozide was included in the callus induction medium together with 3 mg L−1 2,4-D. It was found that the dark cultivation for 20–30 days was superior in terms of achieving maximum culture efficiency; moreover, switching to light in under 2 weeks from culture initiation significantly increased the number of albino plants, suppressed somatic embryogenesis, and decreased the regeneration of green plants. Media containing higher levels of copper ions did not have a positive effect on the regeneration of green plants; contrarily, the elevated concentrations caused albinism in plantlets. The results and relevant conclusions of the present study might be valuable for establishing an improved protocol for the regeneration of green plants in tissue cultures of T. timopheevii.
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- 2021
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22. Effects of Copper Amino Acids Complex on Growth Performance and Serum Cu-Zn SOD Activity in Piglets.
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Liu, H., Tang, X. P., Fang, R. J., Yi, F., Zhang, C., Yang, R. Q., Sun, F., and Zhou, S. Y.
- Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different level of copper amino acids complex on growth performance and serum Cu-Zn SOD activity in piglets. A total of 288 (144 castrated males and 144 females) healthy post-weaned at 23-day-old piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with an average body weight of (8.79±1.15) kg were randomly divided into 6 groups with 8 replicates in each group, and 6 piglets (3 castrated males and 3 females) per replicate. Control group was fed a basal diet, experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with copper amino acids addition level was 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg Cu or 150 mg/kg Cu from CuSO4 of the control group, respectively. Growth performance, serum biochemical parameters (Cu-Zn SOD activity) and diarrhea incidence were measured in the 2-phase feeding program (1-14 d, 15-42 d). Results showed that: compared with the control diets, 1) Diets supplemented with Av-Cu or CuSO
4 did not affect the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of weaned piglets; supplementing the diet with Av-Cu, the average daily gain (ADG) was linearly increased (P < 0.05), and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was linearly decreased (P < 0.05); 90-100 mg/kg Cu from Av-Cu has the same effects on ADG and FCR compared to150 mg/kg Cu from CuSO4 according to linear analysis. 2) compared with the control diets, supplementing the diet with Av-Cu can decrease diarrhea incidence of piglets during the whole experimental period (P < 0.05). 3) Av-Cu has significant effect on serum Cu-Zn SOD activity on day 14 (P < 0.05). This study showed that, oral administration Av-Cu to weaned piglet has the potential to promote growth performance and antioxidant capacity, and reduce diarrhea incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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23. Enterococci and Bacilli from surface water: assessment of their resistance to copper and antibiotics.
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Furlaneto Maia, Luciana, Gomes Bravo, Gabriela Batista, Watanabe, Alex Kiyomassa, de Oliveira Batista, Nayara, and Furlaneto, Márcia Cristina
- Abstract
Heavy metal-resistant bacteria can be efficient bioremediators of metals and might provide an alternative method for metal removal in contaminated environments. The present study aims to isolate bacteria from the aquatic environment and evaluate their potential tolerance to copper metal, aiming at bioremediation processes. Also, compare co-resistance to heavy metal and antibiotics. The morphology of isolates was observed, and sequence analysis (16S ribosomal DNA) revealed that isolated strains were closely related to species belonging to the genera Enterococcus and Bacillus. Bacterial isolates were resistant to CuSO
4 , with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 mg ml-1 . Enterococcus lactis was resistant to a combination of copper and tetracycline. The other tested isolates were sensitive to the tested antimicrobials. The metal removal ability of these isolates was assayed using atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the strains 27, 23, and E. lactis were best at removing heavy metals, at 87.7%. Enterococcus casseliflavus EC55 was 62%, followed by Bacillus aerius (18.4%), E. casseliflavus EC70 (10%) and Bacillus licheniformis (10%). Based on our findings, Enterococcus sp and Bacillus sp. have potential applications in enhanced remediation of contaminated environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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24. Induction of mitophagy via ROS-dependent pathway protects copper-induced hypothalamic nerve cell injury.
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Zhu, Song, Wu, Hongbin, Cui, Hengmin, Guo, Hongrui, Ouyang, Yujuan, Ren, Zhihua, Deng, Youtian, Geng, Yi, Ouyang, Ping, Wu, Aimin, Deng, Junliang, and Deng, Huidan
- Subjects
- *
HYPOTHALAMUS , *NEURONS , *NERVOUS system injuries , *COPPER , *MITOCHONDRIAL pathology , *REACTIVE oxygen species - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is one of the essential trace elements in the body, but excessive amounts of Cu harm multiple organs and tissues such as liver, kidneys, testis, ovaries, and brain. However, the mechanism of hypothalamic neurotoxicity induced by Cu is still unknown. This study examined the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitophagy in mouse hypothalamus treated with high Cu. The results demonstrated that high levels of copper sulfate (CuSO 4) could cause histopathological and neuronal changes in the mouse hypothalamus, produce a large amount of ROS, induce mitophagy, and lead to an imbalance of mitochondrial fusion/fission. The main manifestations are an increase in the expression levels of LC3-II/LC3-I, p62, DRP1, and FIS1, and a decrease in the expression levels of MFN1 and MFN2. Cu can induce mitophagy also was confirmed by LC3 co-localization with TOMM20 (mitochondrial marker). Next, the effect of oxidative stress on CuSO 4 -induced mitophagy was demonstrated. The results showed that ROS inhibitor N -a cetylcysteine (NAC) diminished CuSO 4 -induced mitophagy and reversed the disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics. Additionally, a study was carried out to evaluate the role of mitophagy in CuSO 4 -induced hypothalamic injury. The inhibition of mitophagy using mitophagy inhibitor (Mdivi-1) decreased cell viability and promoted CuSO 4 -inhibited mitochondrial fusion. The aforementioned results suggested that CuSO 4 induced mitophagy via oxidative stress in N38 cells and mouse hypothalamus, and that the activation of mitophagy might generate protective mechanisms by alleviating Cu-induced mitochondrial dynamics disorder. This study provided a novel approach and theoretical basis for studying and preventing Cu neurotoxicity. • CuSO 4 cause histopathology and neuronal changes in the hypothalamus of mice. • CuSO 4 induces mitophagy via oxidative stress. • Mitophagy generate protective mechanisms by alleviating mitochondrial dynamics disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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25. Screening of Suitable Plant Regeneration Protocols for Several Capsicum spp. through Direct Organogenesis
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Marina Martínez-López, Ana García-Pérez, Esther Gimeno-Páez, Jaime Prohens, Santiago Vilanova, and Edgar García-Fortea
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direct organogenesis ,AgNO3 ,CuSO4 ,Capsicum annuum ,Capsicum baccatum ,Capsicum chinense ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are recalcitrant to in vitro culture regeneration, making the application of in vitro-based breeding strategies difficult. We evaluated the impact of different combinations of auxins, cytokinins and micronutrients on the induction of direct organogenesis in cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of C. annuum, C. baccatum and C. chinense. We found variation in the regeneration response among species and type of explant. In this way, the average numbers of shoots per cotyledon and hypocotyl explant were, respectively, 1.44 and 0.28 for C. annuum, 4.17 and 3.20 for C. baccatum and 0.08 and 0.00 for C. chinense. Out of the six media, the best overall results were obtained with the medium Pep1, which contained 5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0.5 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 0.47 mg/L CuSO4, followed by a subculture in the same medium supplemented with 10 mg/L AgNO3 (medium Pep1.2). The best result for the Pep1 + Pep1.2 medium was obtained for C. baccatum using cotyledon explants, with 8.87 shoots per explant. The explants grown in medium Pep1 + Pep1.2 were the ones with greener tissue, while overall the hypocotyl explants were greener than the cotyledon explants. Our results indicate that there is wide variation among Capsicum species in terms of regeneration. Our results suggest that the synergistic effect of copper and silver resulted in a higher regeneration rate of Capsicum explants. Explants with shoots were transferred to different media for elongation, rooting and acclimatization. Although acclimatized plantlets were obtained for C. baccatum and C. chinense, an improvement in these latter stages would be desirable for a high throughput regeneration pipeline. This work contributes to the improvement of Capsicum regeneration protocols using specific combinations of medium, explant and genotype, reaching the levels of efficiency required for genetic transformation and of gene editing technologies for other crops.
- Published
- 2021
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26. Time of In Vitro Anther Culture May Moderate Action of Copper and Silver Ions that Affect the Relationship between DNA Methylation Change and the Yield of Barley Green Regenerants
- Author
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Piotr T. Bednarek and Renata Orłowska
- Subjects
AgNO3 ,androgenesis ,CuSO4 ,green plants ,methylation changes ,time ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Plant anther culture allows for the regeneration of uniform and homozygous double haploids. However, off-type regenerants may appear as a result of so-called tissue culture-induced variation (TCIV). In addition, the presence of Cu2+ and Ag+ ions in the culture medium might influence the number of green plants. The regenerants were obtained via anther cultures of barley under varying Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations in the induction medium during distinct time conditions. DArTseqMet markers were evaluated based on regenerants and donor plants and delivering data on DNA demethylation (DM) and de novo methylation (DNM) and changes in methylation (Delta). The number of green regenerated plants per 100 anthers (GPs) was evaluated. The Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations moderated relationships between Delta and the number of green plants conditional on time of tissue cultures. Depending on the ions, moderated moderation is valid within the different time of anther culture. When the highest concentration of copper is analyzed, plant regeneration is possible under short ‘Time’ (21 days) of anther culture wherein Delta is negative or under elongated Time when Delta is positive. Under 21 days of culture, the highest concentration of silver ions and when Delta is negative, some regenerants could be evaluated. However, under high Ag+ concentration when Time of culture is long and Delta positive, the highest number of green plants could be obtained.
- Published
- 2020
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27. Anti–Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of the Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Cyrtophyllum Turcz in Copper Sulfate-Induced Inflammation in Zebrafish
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Thu Hang Nguyen, Hong Diep Le, Thanh Nguyen Thi Kim, Hai Pham The, Thi Mai Nguyen, Valérie Cornet, Jérôme Lambert, and Patrick Kestemont
- Subjects
anti-inflammation ,oxidative stress ,antioxidant ,cuso4 ,zebrafish larvae ,clerodendrum cyrtophyllum ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are commonly present in many chronic diseases. These responses are closely related to pathophysiological processes. The inflammatory process can induce oxidative stress and vice versa through the activation of multiple pathways. Therefore, agents with antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities are very useful in the treatment of many pathologies. Clerodendrum cyrthophyllum Turcz, a plant belonging to the Verbenaceae family, is used in Vietnamese traditional medicine for treating migraine, hypertension, inflammation of the throat, and rheumatic arthritis. Despite its usefulness, studies on its biological properties are still scarce. In this study, ethanol extract (EE) of leaves of C. cyrtophyllum showed protective activity against CuSO4 toxicity. The protective activity was proven to relate to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EE exhibited relatively high antioxidant activity (IC50 of 16.45 µg/mL) as measured by DPPH assay. In an in vivo anti-antioxidant test, three days post fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larvae were treated with different concentrations of EE for 1 h and then exposed to 10 µM CuSO4 for 20 min to induce oxidative stress. Fluorescent probes were used to detect and quantify oxidative stress by measuring the fluorescent intensity (FI) in larvae. FI significantly decreased in the presence of EE at 5 and 20 µg/mL, demonstrating EE’s profound antioxidant effects, reducing or preventing oxidative stress from CuSO4. Moreover, the co-administration of EE also protected zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage from CuSO4 through down-regulation of hsp70 and gadd45bb expression and upregulation of sod. Due to copper accumulation in zebrafish tissues, the damage and oxidative stress were exacerbated overtime, resulting in the upregulation of genes related to inflammatory processes such as cox-2, pla2, c3a, mpo, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (il-1ß, il-8, tnf-α, and il-10, respectively). However, the association of CuSO4 with EE significantly decreased the expression of cox-2, pla2, c3a, mpo, il-8, and il-1ß. Taken together, the results suggest that EE has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and may be useful in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
- Published
- 2020
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28. Regenerasi Kalus Embriogenik Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) menggunakan Kombinasi ZPT dan Mikronutrien
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Oktafiana, Nadya, Umayyah, Siti, Ningtyas, Wulan Nursyiam, Sugiharto, Bambang, Oktafiana, Nadya, Umayyah, Siti, Ningtyas, Wulan Nursyiam, and Sugiharto, Bambang
- Abstract
Perakitan varietas unggul tanaman sorgum dapat dilakukan melalui perbanyakan secara in-vitro melalui kultur jaringan. Somatik embriogenesis menjadi salah satu metode perbanyakan yang tepat untuk menghasilkan tanaman dalam waktu yang cepat dan jumlah banyak. Tetapi, rendahnya kemampuan regenerasi kalus menyebabkan kegagagalan terbentukya tunas dan tanaman baru. Pemberian nutrisi dan zat pengaruh tumbuh (ZPT) yang efektif pada media regenerasi menentukan keberhasilan regenerasi kalus. Sitokinin dan auksin merupakan jenis ZPT yang berperan dalam pembelahan dan perkembangan sel serta menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas pada kalus. Sedangkan, CuSO4 digunakan sebagai nutrisi mikro tambahan yang berperan aktif dalam katalisasi enzim dan transfer elektron pada proses fotosintesis. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik dari kombinasi antara Kinetin, NAA, dan CuSO4 pada media regenerasi kalus sorgum untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas dan akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi MS0, 0,1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L kinetin menjadi kombinasi paling baik unuk regenerasi tunas yaitu 6,38 tunas. Sedangkan untuk regenerasi akar kombinasi MS0 dan 1 mg/L CuSO4 merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk regenerasi tunas dan akar sebanyak 32,1 akar dan meningkatkan jumlah planlet sebanyak 7,67. Namun sebaliknya, tidak ada pengaruh pada penambahan CuSO4 terhadap tinggi tanaman. Planlet yang tumbuh mampu beradaptasi pada kondisi in vivo di dalam green house dan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pertumbuhan antara tanaman yang tumbuh dari biji dan tanaman hasil in vitro., Perakitan varietas unggul tanaman sorgum dapat dilakukan melalui perbanyakan secara in-vitro melalui kultur jaringan. Somatik embriogenesis menjadi salah satu metode perbanyakan yang tepat untuk menghasilkan tanaman dalam waktu yang cepat dan jumlah banyak. Tetapi, rendahnya kemampuan regenerasi kalus menyebabkan kegagagalan terbentukya tunas dan tanaman baru. Pemberian nutrisi dan zat pengaruh tumbuh (ZPT) yang efektif pada media regenerasi menentukan keberhasilan regenerasi kalus. Sitokinin dan auksin merupakan jenis ZPT yang berperan dalam pembelahan dan perkembangan sel serta menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas pada kalus. Sedangkan, CuSO4 digunakan sebagai nutrisi mikro tambahan yang berperan aktif dalam katalisasi enzim dan transfer elektron pada proses fotosintesis. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik dari kombinasi antara Kinetin, NAA, dan CuSO4 pada media regenerasi kalus sorgum untuk menstimulasi pertumbuhan tunas dan akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi MS0, 0,1 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L kinetin menjadi kombinasi paling baik unuk regenerasi tunas yaitu 6,38 tunas. Sedangkan untuk regenerasi akar kombinasi MS0 dan 1 mg/L CuSO4 merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk regenerasi tunas dan akar sebanyak 32,1 akar dan meningkatkan jumlah planlet sebanyak 7,67. Namun sebaliknya, tidak ada pengaruh pada penambahan CuSO4 terhadap tinggi tanaman. Planlet yang tumbuh mampu beradaptasi pada kondisi in vivo di dalam green house dan menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan pertumbuhan antara tanaman yang tumbuh dari biji dan tanaman hasil in vitro.  
- Published
- 2022
29. Effect of some substances on the Actinomycetes sensitivity to antibiotics
- Author
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Aws Ibreheem Sualiman
- Subjects
edta ,cuso4 ,sensitivity ,actinomycetes ,antibiotics ,Education ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of EDTA and CuSo4 on sensitivity of two species of Actinomycetes group including Rhodococcus and Kocuria to antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin) was studied and the results showed that Rhodococcus was inhibited very well by Ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone 34 mm and Kocuria was inhibited by Gentamicin with inhibition zone 38 mm. Minimum inhibitory concentration for these antibiotics was determined the results revealed that the MIC for ciprofloxacin against Rhodococcus was 0.3 µg /ml and for Gentamicin against Kocuria was 1.2 µg/ml. The effects of EDTA and CuSo4 on the MIC of the two antibiotics appear to decrease them to 0.1 µg/ml.
- Published
- 2013
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30. Efeitos do tratamento com formalina e sulfato de cobre sobre os parâmetros hematológicos e parasitos monogenéticos em juvenis de Hemigrammus sp. (Osteichthyes: Characidae) Evaluation of formalin and copper sulfate on monogenetic parasite (Urocleidoides sp.) of Hemigrammus sp. (Osteichthyes: Characidae) juveniles
- Author
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Luciana Farias Paixão, Rudã Fernandes Brandão Santos, Fabricio Menezes Ramos, and Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto
- Subjects
CuSO4 ,formol ,monogênias ,tratamento ,control ,formalin ,monogenea ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da formalina e sulfato de cobre no controle de monogenéticos em juvenis de Hemigrammus sp e seu efeito na contagem diferencial de leucócitos. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 3 repetições. Todos os tratamentos tiveram duração de três dias e corresponderam a: T1, controle; T2 e T3 banho por imersão de uma hora em formalina, em duas concentrações uma de 0,25 ml e outra 0,1 ml formalina L-1; o T4, banho de 24 horas com 0,025 ml de formalina L-1; e o T5, banho de 24 horas com sulfato de cobre (0,3 mg L-1). Após o período experimental observou-se que em T2 ocorreu 100% de mortalidade. O T3 e T5 proporcionaram eficácia de 100%, porém os peixes apresentaram intoxicação e mortalidades de 66 e 80%, respectivamente. T4 apresentou eficácia de 77,7% e diminuição dos índices parasitológicos: número total de parasitos de 11,3± 9, intensidade média de infecção de 3,2± 2 e prevalência de 47,1%. Quanto aos leucócitos observou-se que no T3, T4 e T5 ocorreram diferenças na proporção de linfócitos, monócitos e neutrófilos em relação ao controle. O CuSO4 e a formalina reduzem a carga parasitária, mas apresentaram-se tóxicos nas maiores concentrações.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of formalin and copper sulphate to controlm onogeneans injuvenile Hemigrammus spand its effect on leukocyte count. We used acompletely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. All treatments lasted for three days and consisted of: T1, control; T2 and T3 immersion bath for one hour in formalin, an of two concentrations of 0.25ml formalin and the other 0.1mlL-1; the T4 bath for 24 hours with 0,025 ml of formalin-L -1; and T5, bath 24 hours with copper sulphate (0.3 mgL-1). After the experimental period was observed that T2, 100% mortality. The T3 and T5 provided 100% efficiency, however, fish presented mortalities and intoxication of the 66 and 80% respectively. T4 showed an efficacy of 77.7% and decrease in parasitological indices: total number of parasites of 11, 3 ± 9, mean infection intensity of 3.2 ± 2 and a prevalence of 47.1%. As the leukocytes was observed that at T3, T4 and T5 occurred differences in the proportionof lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophilsas compared to control. The CuSO4 and formalin reduce the parasite load, but presented to be toxicat higher concentrations.
- Published
- 2013
31. The effect of copper ions, aluminium ions and their mixtures on separation of pectin from the sugar beet juice
- Author
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Kuljanin Tatjana A., Mišljenović Nevena M., Koprivica Gordana B., Jevrić Lidija R., and Grbić Jasna P.
- Subjects
pectin ,sugar beet ,CuSO4 ,Al2(SO4)3 ,zeta potential ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
In sugar industry there is a problem of the presence of undesirable macromolecules compounds such as pectin in sugar beet juice. The affinity of calcium ions commonly used in the sugar industry for the removal of pectin from the sugar beet juice is relatively small. Coagulation and precipitation of pectin can be performed by process of discharging that is chemically induced. Compounds with di- and trivalent cations such as pure CuSO4, Al2(SO4)3 or their mixtures can be applied for clarification of pectin colloidal systems. According to data from the order of pectin selectivity to divalent metal ions, Cu2+ ions are the first order of ion binding. Also, aluminum sulfate is commonly used in the waste water treatment. Two model solutions of pectin whose concentration corresponds to the concentration of these macromolecules in sugar beet juice (0.1% w/w) are investigated. Using a method of measuring zeta potential, it was proven for both investigated pectin that fewer quantities of Cu2+ ions compared to the values of Al3+ ions are needed to reach zero zeta potential. In all the investigated coagulants and their mixtures, zeta potential has changed the sign. In experiments with mixtures has been shown that pure salts showed better coagulation properties. The reduced strength of binding of cations in the case of most of the applied mixture of Cu2+ and Al3+ ions, can be explained by the mutual competition of these ions for the adsorption site (COO- groups) on the surface of macromolecules. Mixture with approximately equal shares of ions Cu2+ and Al3+ had the most unfavorable coagulation ability (ion antagonism). Mechanism of discharge as well as the model of double electric layer surrounding pectin macromolecules in the presence of mixtures of Cu2+ and Al3+ ions are suggested. However, due to possible undesirable effects of CuSO4 on food processing, Al2(SO4)3 is proposed instead of traditional coagulant CaO, not only because of lower consumptions of coagulants but owing to protection of the environment.
- Published
- 2013
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- View/download PDF
32. Effect of increased copper ion content in the medium on the regeneration of androgenetic embryos of carrot (Daucus carota L.)
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Urszula Kowalska, Katarzyna Szafrańska, Dorota Krzyżanowska, Waldemar Kiszczak, Ryszard Górecki, Krystyna Janas, and Krystyna Górecka
- Subjects
CuSO4 ,deformation/deformities ,phenols ,in vitro ,rosettes ,stress ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the effect of elevated concentrations of copper in the medium on the regeneration of androgenetic embryos of the carrot cultivar ‘Kazan F1’ obtained in anther cultures and to determine the level of soluble phenols produced in the regenerates under copper stress. Green embryos were laid out on 4 regeneration media based on B5 medium (G a m b o r g et al. 1968) without hormones, containing 0.1 – control, 1, 10, and 100 μM CuSO4×5H2O. The plant material was passaged 3 times, after 4, 9 and 15 weeks. During these passages the emerging structures were examined; they were classified in terms of growth and development in vitro, weighed and counted. The levels of soluble phenols in the freeze-dried regenerates were determined. The elevated concentrations of copper in the regeneration media affected positively the formation of complete plants (rooted rosettes) and secondary embryos during the first 4 weeks of culture. After a longer regeneration time (9, 15 weeks), the elevated concentrations of copper caused negative effects: deformation of rosettes. After 15 weeks, the number of rooted rosettes decreased. The 9-week culture subjected to copper stress brought about an increase in the amounts of soluble phenols. The highest values were recorded in the rosettes treated with 10 μM CuSO4. Prolonged exposure to media containing elevated concentrations of CuSO4 caused a reduction in the accumulation of phenolic compounds in the rosettes.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Protective Effect of N-acetyl-cysteine Against Rat Liver Mitochondrial Toxicity Induced by CuSO4
- Author
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Sohrab Rahmani and Mohsen Rezaei
- Subjects
Medicine (General) ,Acetyl cysteine ,Mitochondrial toxicity ,R5-920 ,Biochemistry ,Chemistry ,cuso4 ,Rat liver ,medicine ,n-acetyl-cysteine ,reduced glutathione ,isolated mitochondria ,medicine.disease - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Copper sulfate (CuSO4) is a toxic substance with a broad range of applications; however, the ingestion of high levels of it cause a wide range of complications in the liver tissue. According to previous studies, mitochondria are potential targets for CuSO4 toxicity. The present study aimed to examine the role of N-acetyl-cysteine as an antioxidant agent in the protection of mitochondria against toxicity induced by CuSO4. Methods: This study was performed on isolated liver mitochondria extracted from male Wistar rats (180-200 g) by multiple centrifuges and finally divided into 5 different groups. Group 1 was the control group, while group 2 received a single dose of 106 µM of CuSo4. The other groups were pretreated with different concentrations of N-acetyl-cysteine (1, 2, 5 mM) and exposed to 106 µM of CuSO4. Subsequently, MTT assay, lipid peroxidation, and GSH (reduced glutathione) were determined in each group. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance test. Results: The results of the present study revealed that significant changes in mitochondrial indexes such as mitochondrial complex Ⅱ function, mitochondrial glutathione reduction, and lipid peroxidation levels were evident in rat liver mitochondria exposed to CuSO4. On the other hand, it was found that pre-treatment with N-acetylcysteine efficiently inhibited CuSO4 toxicity. Conclusion: The results confirmed the protective effects of N-acetyl-cysteine against CuSO4 toxicity on rat liver mitochondria, which may be due to its ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species.
- Published
- 2020
34. Copper accumulation and physiological markers of soybean (Glycine max) grown in agricultural soil amended with copper nanoparticles
- Author
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Xiao, Y., Ma, J., Xian, J., Peijnenburg, W.J.G.M., Du, Y., Tian, D., Xiao, H., He, Y., Luo, L., Deng, O., and Lihua, T
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,fungi ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,food and beverages ,Agriculture ,CuSO4 ,General Medicine ,Plant Roots ,Pollution ,Environmental pollution ,Environmental sciences ,Soil ,Accumulation ,TD172-193.5 ,CuSO(4) ,Nanoparticles ,GE1-350 ,Soybeans ,Copper nanoparticles ,Soybean ,Physiological effects ,Copper - Abstract
Copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) display a strong potential to replace copper salts (e.g., CuSO4) for application in agricultures as antimicrobial agents or nutritional amendments. Yet, their effects on crop quality are still not comprehensively understood. In this study, the Cu contents in soybeans grown in soils amended with Cu NPs and CuSO4 at 100-500 mg Cu/kg and the subsequent effects on the plant physiological markers were determined. The Cu NPs induced 29-89% at the flowering stage (on Day 40) and 100-165% at maturation stage (on Day 100) more Cu accumulation in soybeans than CuSO4. The presence of particle aggregates in the root cells with deformation upon the Cu NP exposure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The Cu NPs at 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly improved the plant height and biomass, yet significantly inhibited at 500 mg/kg, compared to the control. In leaves chlorophyll-b was more sensitive than chlorophyll-a and carotenoids to the Cu NP effect. The Cu NPs significantly decreased the root nitrogen and phosphorus contents, while they significantly increased the leaf potassium content in comparison with control. Our results imply that cautious use of Cu NPs in agriculture is warranted due to relatively high uptake of Cu and altered nutrient quality in soybeans.
- Published
- 2022
35. Induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder
- Author
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Hongrui Guo, Yujuan Ouyang, Heng Yin, Hengmin Cui, Huidan Deng, Huan Liu, Zhijie Jian, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao, Yanqiu Zhu, Yi Geng, and Ping Ouyang
- Subjects
Male ,Medicine (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Apoptosis ,CuSO4 ,mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin ,AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ,ULK1, unc-51-like kinase 1 ,FTH1, ferritin heavy chain ,Biochemistry ,AMPK, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase ,Mice ,R5-920 ,Spermatogenesis disorder ,Autophagy ,Animals ,Biology (General) ,Spermatogenesis ,Z-VAD-FMK, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl-ketone ,NCOA4, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Organic Chemistry ,MAC, N-acetylcysteine ,Oxidative Stress ,GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4 ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition ,3-MA, 3-Methyladenine ,Copper ,Research Paper - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a necessary micronutrient at lower concentration, while excessive Cu exposure or Cu homeostasis disorders can lead to toxicity. The mechanism of male reproductive toxicity induced by Cu is still unknown. This study aims to investigate whether autophagy plays an important role in copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder in vivo and vitro. The present study showed that copper sulfate (CuSO4) might significantly promote autophagy level in the testis and mouse-derived spermatogonia cell line GC-1 spg cells. Concurrently, CuSO4 could induce autophagy via AMPK-mTOR pathway that downregulated p-mTOR/mTOR and subsequently upregulated p-AMPKα/AMPKα as well as p-ULK1/ULK1. In the meanwhile, CuSO4 treatment could also increase expression levels of the autophagy-related proteins. Then, the role of oxidative stress in CuSO4-induced autophagy was investigated. The findings demonstrated that oxidative stress inhibitor (NAC) attenuated CuSO4-induced autophagy in vivo and vitro, reversing the activation for AMPK-mTOR pathway. Additionally, the study also investigated how autophagy worked under the spermatogenesis disorder induced by CuSO4. Inhibition of autophagy could decrease cell viability, and enhance the ROS accumulation and apoptosis in the GC-1 cells, meanwhile, the spermatogenesis disorder, oxidative stress and histopathological changes were increased in the testis. Furthermore, co-treatment with the apoptosis inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) could decrease the spermatogenesis disorder but not influence autophagy. Besides, the crosslink between autophagy and ferroptosis were also measured, the data showed that inhibition of autophagy could suppress CuSO4-induced ferroptosis in in vivo and vitro. Altogether, abovementioned results indicated that CuSO4 induced autophagy via oxidative stress-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway in the GC-1 cells and testis, and autophagy activation possibly led to the generation of protection mechanism through oxidative damage and apoptosis inhibition, however, autophagy also aggravate CuSO4 toxicology through promoting ferroptosis. Overall, autophagy plays a positive role for attenuating CuSO4-induced testicular damage and spermatogenesis disorder. Our study provides a possible targeted therapy for Cu overload-induced reproduction toxicology., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • CuSO4-treatment could induce autophagy through AMPK-mTOR pathway. • Oxidative stress is an essential inducer of CuSO4-induced autophagy. • Autophagy inhibits oxidative damage and apoptosis in the testis of CuSO4-treatment mice. • Autophagy promotes ferroptosis in the testis of CuSO4-treatment mice. • Autophagy plays a protective role in copper-induced spermatogenesis disorder.
- Published
- 2021
36. The Effect of Daminozide, Dark/Light Schedule and Copper Sulphate in Tissue Culture of Triticum timopheevii
- Author
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Sergey Dolgov, Dmitry Miroshnichenko, and Anna Klementyeva
- Subjects
Triticum timopheevii ,albino phenotype ,Somatic embryogenesis ,immature embryos ,CuSO4 ,Plant Science ,2,4-D ,Article ,Tissue culture ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,wheat ,somatic embryogenesis ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Ecology ,biology ,Regeneration (biology) ,Daminozide ,Botany ,food and beverages ,Embryo ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Callus ,QK1-989 ,Darkness - Abstract
Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. is a tetraploid wheat that is utilized worldwide as a valuable breeding source for wheat improvement. Gene-based biotechnologies can contribute to this field; however, T. timopheevii exhibits recalcitrance and albinism in tissue cultures, making this species of little use for manipulation through genetic engineering and genome editing. This study tested various approaches to increasing in vitro somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration, while reducing the portion of albinos in cultures derived from immature embryos (IEs) of T. timopheevii. They included (i) adjusting the balance between 2,4-D and daminozide in callus induction medium; (ii) cultivation using various darkness/illumination schedules; and (iii) inclusion of additional concentrations of copper ions in the tissue culture medium. We achieved a 2.5-fold increase in somatic embryogenesis (up to 80%) when 50 mg L−1 daminozide was included in the callus induction medium together with 3 mg L−1 2,4-D. It was found that the dark cultivation for 20–30 days was superior in terms of achieving maximum culture efficiency; moreover, switching to light in under 2 weeks from culture initiation significantly increased the number of albino plants, suppressed somatic embryogenesis, and decreased the regeneration of green plants. Media containing higher levels of copper ions did not have a positive effect on the regeneration of green plants; contrarily, the elevated concentrations caused albinism in plantlets. The results and relevant conclusions of the present study might be valuable for establishing an improved protocol for the regeneration of green plants in tissue cultures of T. timopheevii.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Influence of CU2+ and AL3+ ions on zeta potential change of pectin and protein preparates extracted from sugar beet
- Author
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Kuljanin Tatjana, Mišljenović Nevena, Koprivica Gordana, Lević Ljubinko, and Filipčev Bojana
- Subjects
zeta potential ,pectins ,proteins ,sugar beet ,cuso4 ,al2(so4)3 ,Agriculture - Abstract
All models which are used to describe the behavior of electrically charged colloidal particles are based on the presence of two basic layers which surround a particle - stationary and diffused layer known as electric double layer. Electrokinetic's phenomena are generated by ions in the diffused layer and a potential across the diffused layer where hydrodynamic motion of liquid still exists is a measurable parameter denoted as electro kinetic or Zeta potential. By adding positively charged ions Cu2+ and Al3+, Zeta potential can be reduced to a zero point in which repulsive forces between the colloidal particles stop to exist enabling their agglomeration and coagulation in aqueous solutions. It has been experimentally confirmed in all tested preparations that the addition of Cu2+ and Al3+ ions changed the sign of Zeta potential in such a way that a negative Zeta potential gradually decreased, proportionally to the increased concentrations of these ions. Electrokinetic's measurements also showed that changes in the sign of Zeta potential occurred at lower concentrations of coagulant CuSO4 as compared to coagulant Al2(SO4)3. The reason for this is a greater ability of surface complexations of Cu2+ ions and coagulation enhancement effect of SO42- ions.
- Published
- 2010
38. Quality evaluation of four hemoglobin screening methods in a blood donor setting along with their comparative cost analysis in an Indian scenario
- Author
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Tondon Rashmi, Verma Anupam, Pandey Prashant, and Chaudhary Rajendra
- Subjects
Blood donation ,CuSO4 ,hemoglobin estimation ,HemoCue ,HCS ,cost analysis ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Background: Despite the wide range of methods available for measurement of hemoglobin, no single technique has emerged as the most appropriate and ideal for a blood donation setup. Materials and Methods: A prospective study utilizing 1014 blood samples was carried out in a blood donation setting for quality evaluation of four methods of hemoglobin estimation along with cost analysis: Hematology cell analyzer (reference), HCS, CuSO4 method and HemoCue. Results: Mean value of HemoCue (mean ± SD = 14.7 ± 1.49 g/dl) was higher by 0.24 compared to reference (mean ± SD = 13.8 ± 1.52 g/dl) but not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). HemoCue proved to be the best technique (sensitivity 99.4% and specificity 84.4%) whereas HCS was most subjective with 25.2% incorrect estimations. CuSO4 proved to be good with 7.9% false results. Comparative cost analysis of each method was calculated to be 35 INR/test for HemoCue, 0.76 INR /test for HCS and 0.06-0.08 INR /test for CuSO4. Conclusion: CuSO4 method gives accurate results, if strict quality control is applied. HemoCue is too expensive to be used as a primary screening method in an economically restricted country like India.
- Published
- 2009
39. Screening of Suitable Plant Regeneration Protocols for Several Capsicum spp. through Direct Organogenesis
- Author
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Santiago Vilanova, Marina Martínez-López, Edgar García-Fortea, Jaime Prohens, Esther Gimeno-Páez, and Ana García-Pérez
- Subjects
Capsicum annuum ,food.ingredient ,CuSO4 ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,SB1-1110 ,Hypocotyl ,AgNO3 ,food ,Auxin ,Direct organogenesis ,Capsicum baccatum ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Plant culture ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Capsicum chinense ,02.- Poner fin al hambre, conseguir la seguridad alimentaria y una mejor nutrición, y promover la agricultura sostenible ,GENETICA ,chemistry ,Shoot ,Subculture (biology) ,Cotyledon ,Explant culture - Abstract
[EN] Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are recalcitrant to in vitro culture regeneration, making the application of in vitro-based breeding strategies difficult. We evaluated the impact of different combinations of auxins, cytokinins and micronutrients on the induction of direct organogenesis in cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of C. annuum, C. baccatum and C. chinense. We found variation in the regeneration response among species and type of explant. In this way, the average numbers of shoots per cotyledon and hypocotyl explant were, respectively, 1.44 and 0.28 for C. annuum, 4.17 and 3.20 for C. baccatum and 0.08 and 0.00 for C. chinense. Out of the six media, the best overall results were obtained with the medium Pep1, which contained 5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0.5 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 0.47 mg/L CuSO4, followed by a subculture in the same medium supplemented with 10 mg/L AgNO3 (medium Pep1.2). The best result for the Pep1 + Pep1.2 medium was obtained for C. baccatum using cotyledon explants, with 8.87 shoots per explant. The explants grown in medium Pep1 + Pep1.2 were the ones with greener tissue, while overall the hypocotyl explants were greener than the cotyledon explants. Our results indicate that there is wide variation among Capsicum species in terms of regeneration. Our results suggest that the synergistic effect of copper and silver resulted in a higher regeneration rate of Capsicum explants. Explants with shoots were transferred to different media for elongation, rooting and acclimatization. Although acclimatized plantlets were obtained for C. baccatum and C. chinense, an improvement in these latter stages would be desirable for a high throughput regeneration pipeline. This work contributes to the improvement of Capsicum regeneration protocols using specific combinations of medium, explant and genotype, reaching the levels of efficiency required for genetic transformation and of gene editing technologies for other crops., This research was funded by Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, research line 20200268.
- Published
- 2021
40. Effects of bis-chelated copper in growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge.
- Author
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Chen J, Yan F, Kuttappan VA, Wedekind K, Vázquez-Añón M, and Hancock D
- Abstract
Copper (Cu) is widely used at high levels as growth promoter in poultry, the alternative source of Cu to replace the high level of inorganic Cu at poultry farm remains to be determined. Three floor pen experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cu methionine hydroxy-analogue chelate (Cu-MHAC, MINTREX
® Cu, Novus International, Inc.) on growth performance and gut health in broilers in comparison to CuSO4 and/or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC). There were 3 treatments in experiment#1 (0, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC) and experiment#2 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, and 125 ppm CuSO4 ), and 4 treatments in experiment #3 (15 and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC, 125 ppm CuSO4 and 125 ppm TBCC) with nine replicates pens of 10-13 birds in each treatment. The levels of other minerals were equal among all treatments within each experiment. All birds were orally gavaged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 1x recommended dose on d0 in experiment#1 and #2 and 10x recommended dose on d15 in experiment #3. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, means were separated by Fisher's protected LSD test. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically different. In experiment #1, 30 and 75 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR during grower phase, increased jejunal villus height and reduced jejunal crypt depth, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased cecal Lactobacillus spp. abundance in 41 days broilers. In experiment #2, compared to CuSO4 , 15ppm Cu-MHAC increased cumulative performance index in 28 days broilers, 15 and/or 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved gut morphometry, and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC reduced the abundance of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in cecum in 43 days broilers. In experiment #3, 15 ppm and 30 ppm Cu-MHAC improved FCR vs . CuSO4 during starter phase, reduced the percentage of E. coli of total bacteria vs . TBCC, 30 ppm Cu-MHAC increased the percentages of Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium cluster XIVa of total bacteria vs . both CuSO4 and TBCC in the cecum of 27 days broilers. In summary, low doses of Cu-MHAC had comparable growth performance to high dose of TBCC and CuSO4 while improving gut microflora and gut morphometry in broilers subject to coccidiosis vaccination or coccidia challenge, indicating that low doses of bis-chelated Cu could be used as a complimentary strategy to improve animal gut health., Competing Interests: JC, FY, VK, KW, MV, and DH were employed by the company Novus International, Inc., (Copyright © 2023 Chen, Yan, Kuttappan, Wedekind, Vázquez-Añón and Hancock.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Screening of Suitable Plant Regeneration Protocols for Several Capsicum spp. through Direct Organogenesis
- Author
-
Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana - Institut Universitari de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Biotecnología - Departament de Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Martínez-López, Marina, García-Pérez, Ana, Gimeno -Páez, Esther, Prohens Tomás, Jaime, Vilanova Navarro, Santiago, García-Fortea, Edgar, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana - Institut Universitari de Conservació i Millora de l'Agrodiversitat Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Biotecnología - Departament de Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de València, Martínez-López, Marina, García-Pérez, Ana, Gimeno -Páez, Esther, Prohens Tomás, Jaime, Vilanova Navarro, Santiago, and García-Fortea, Edgar
- Abstract
[EN] Peppers (Capsicum spp.) are recalcitrant to in vitro culture regeneration, making the application of in vitro-based breeding strategies difficult. We evaluated the impact of different combinations of auxins, cytokinins and micronutrients on the induction of direct organogenesis in cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of C. annuum, C. baccatum and C. chinense. We found variation in the regeneration response among species and type of explant. In this way, the average numbers of shoots per cotyledon and hypocotyl explant were, respectively, 1.44 and 0.28 for C. annuum, 4.17 and 3.20 for C. baccatum and 0.08 and 0.00 for C. chinense. Out of the six media, the best overall results were obtained with the medium Pep1, which contained 5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0.5 mg/L IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) and 0.47 mg/L CuSO4, followed by a subculture in the same medium supplemented with 10 mg/L AgNO3 (medium Pep1.2). The best result for the Pep1 + Pep1.2 medium was obtained for C. baccatum using cotyledon explants, with 8.87 shoots per explant. The explants grown in medium Pep1 + Pep1.2 were the ones with greener tissue, while overall the hypocotyl explants were greener than the cotyledon explants. Our results indicate that there is wide variation among Capsicum species in terms of regeneration. Our results suggest that the synergistic effect of copper and silver resulted in a higher regeneration rate of Capsicum explants. Explants with shoots were transferred to different media for elongation, rooting and acclimatization. Although acclimatized plantlets were obtained for C. baccatum and C. chinense, an improvement in these latter stages would be desirable for a high throughput regeneration pipeline. This work contributes to the improvement of Capsicum regeneration protocols using specific combinations of medium, explant and genotype, reaching the levels of efficiency required for genetic transformation and of gene editing technologies for other crops.
- Published
- 2021
42. XAFS spectrum of Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous
- Author
-
Industrial Application and Partnership Division and Industrial Application and Partnership Division
- Published
- 2021
43. Potential Whole-Cell Biosensors for Detection of Metal Using MerR Family Proteins from
- Author
-
Georgina, Baya, Stephen, Muhindi, Valentine, Ngendahimana, and Jonathan, Caguiat
- Subjects
HgCl2 ,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ,ZntR ,Enterobacter ,whole-cell biosensor ,bacterial metal resistance ,ZnCl2 ,CuSO4 ,CueR ,HAuCl4·3H2O ,MerR family protein ,Article - Abstract
Cell-based biosensors harness a cell’s ability to respond to the environment by repurposing its sensing mechanisms. MerR family proteins are activator/repressor switches that regulate the expression of bacterial metal resistance genes and have been used in metal biosensors. Upon metal binding, a conformational change switches gene expression from off to on. The genomes of the multimetal resistant bacterial strains, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Oak Ridge strain 02 (S. maltophilia 02) and Enterobacter sp. YSU, were recently sequenced. Sequence analysis and gene cloning identified three mercury resistance operons and three MerR switches in these strains. Transposon mutagenesis and sequence analysis identified Enterobacter sp. YSU zinc and copper resistance operons, which appear to be regulated by the protein switches, ZntR and CueR, respectively. Sequence analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that a CueR switch appears to activate a S. maltophilia 02 copper transport gene in the presence of CuSO4 and HAuCl4·3H2O. In previous studies, genetic engineering replaced metal resistance genes with the reporter genes for β-galactosidase, luciferase or the green fluorescence protein (GFP). These produce a color change of a reagent, produce light, or fluoresce in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light, respectively. Coupling these discovered operons with reporter genes has the potential to create whole-cell biosensors for HgCl2, ZnCl2, CuSO4 and HAuCl4·3H2O.
- Published
- 2021
44. Mechanism of CuSO4 cytotoxicity in goat erythrocytes after high-level in vitro exposure to isotonic media
- Author
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Shiwen Xu, Chen Rong, Wang Yong, Junfeng Liu, Tao Dayong, and Qi Meng
- Subjects
Goat erythrocytes ,Antioxidant ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,ATPase ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Phospholipid ,CuSO4 ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Hemolysis ,Environmental pollution ,Andrology ,Membrane proteins and phospholipids ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,GE1-350 ,Cytotoxicity ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,biology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Erythrocyte fragility ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Pollution ,Environmental sciences ,chemistry ,TD172-193.5 ,Oxidative stress ,biology.protein ,Blood sampling - Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a common environmental pollutant in nature. Cu-poisoning can cause liver damage and erythrocytes hemolysis. To evaluate the effect of CuSO4 poisoning on the morphological and functional characteristics of goat red blood cells. Five 10-14-month-old goats were selected for jugular vein blood sampling to obtain erythrocytes, and then the erythrocytes were processed with different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L) of CuSO4 for 48 h, and 40 μmol/L doses CuSO4 incubated for different time (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h) to process erythrocytes. We observed the changes in erythrocyte morphology through scanning electron microscopy, and detected the antioxidant function and activities of three ATPases. Additionally, biological properties were examined from the perspectives of phospholipids and membrane protein components, permeability fragility, and fluidity in erythrocytes. We found that after CuSO4 treatment, the antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes decreased, which was manifested as increased MDA content and decreased CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities (p < 0.05). In addition, we also found that erythrocyte fluidity decreased, osmotic fragility increased, membrane phospholipid percentage and protein composition changes abnormally, and Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities decreased (p < 0.05). From the results, it can be concluded that CuSO4 exposure causes hemolysis of goat erythrocytes through oxidative stress to the structure and function of erythrocytes, showing a dose-time effect.
- Published
- 2021
45. Copper induces hepatocyte autophagy via the mammalian targets of the rapamycin signaling pathway in mice
- Author
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Huidan Deng, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao, Zhicai Zuo, Zhijie Jian, Yinglun Li, Huan Liu, Hongrui Guo, Jing Fang, Hengmin Cui, and Junliang Deng
- Subjects
Male ,Mouse ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,ATG5 ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,CuSO4 ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental pollution ,ATG12 ,Mice ,medicine ,Autophagy ,Animals ,GE1-350 ,MTOR signaling pathway ,ATG16L1 ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Messenger RNA ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,Chemistry ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Autophagosomes ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Cell biology ,Environmental sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Liver ,TD172-193.5 ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Hepatocyte ,Hepatocytes ,Female ,Signal transduction ,Copper ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Although copper is among the indispensable trace elements in animal physiological processes, it exerts toxicity upon over-exposure. The present study aimed to investigate hepatocyte autophagy induced by CuSO4 and its potential mechanism. A total of 240 ICR mice (four-week-old, 120 males and 120 females) were randomly divided into four groups, in which mice separately received 0, 4, 8, and 16 mg/kg of Cu (Cu2+-CuSO4) for 42 d. The results of increased autophagosomes and autophagy marker LC3B brown cell staining showed that excessive intake of Cu enhanced hepatocyte autophagy. Simultaneously, Cu inhibited the activity of mTOR through suppressing mRNA and protein expressions in mTOR, which in turn up-regulated expression levels of ULK1 and initiated autophagy. Also, over-exposure to Cu increased mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin1, Atg12, Atg5, Atg16L1, Atg7, Atg3, and LC3 and decreased mRNA and protein expressions of p62. These results indicate that excess Cu can enhance hepatocyte autophagy via inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway and regulating mRNA and protein expressions of factors implicated to autophagy in mice.
- Published
- 2020
46. Enterococci and Bacilli from surface water: assessment of their resistance to copper and antibiotics
- Author
-
Alex Kiyomassa Watanabe, Luciana Furlaneto Maia, Márcia Cristina Furlaneto, Nayara de Oliveira Batista, and Gabriela Batista Gomes Bravo
- Subjects
Bacilli ,General Computer Science ,biology ,Resistance (ecology) ,medicine.drug_class ,heavy metal-resistant ,Enterococcus sp ,Bacillus sp ,CuSO4 ,General Mathematics ,Antibiotics ,fungi ,General Engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,Copper ,Microbiology ,chemistry ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Surface water - Abstract
Heavy metal-resistant bacteria can be efficient bioremediators of metals and might provide an alternative method for metal removal in contaminated environments. The present study aims to isolate bacteria from the aquatic environment and evaluate their potential tolerance to copper metal, aiming at bioremediation processes. Also, compare co-resistance to heavy metal and antibiotics. The morphology of isolates was observed, and sequence analysis (16S ribosomal DNA) revealed that isolated strains were closely related to species belonging to the genera Enterococcus and Bacillus. Bacterial isolates were resistant to CuSO4, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 mg ml-1. Enterococcus lactis was resistant to a combination of copper and tetracycline. The other tested isolates were sensitive to the tested antimicrobials. The metal removal ability of these isolates was assayed using atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the strains 27, 23, and E. lactis were best at removing heavy metals, at 87.7%. Enterococcus casseliflavus EC55 was 62%, followed by Bacillus aerius (18.4%), E. casseliflavus EC70 (10%) and Bacillus licheniformis (10%). Based on our findings, Enterococcus sp and Bacillus sp. have potential applications in enhanced remediation of contaminated environments. Heavy metal-resistant bacteria can be efficient bioremediators of metals and might provide an alternative method for metal removal in contaminated environments. The present study aims to isolate bacteria from the aquatic environment and evaluate their potential tolerance to copper metal, aiming at bioremediation processes. Also, compare co-resistance to heavy metal and antibiotics. The morphology of isolates was observed, and sequence analysis (16S ribosomal DNA) revealed that isolated strains were closely related to species belonging to the genera Enterococcus and Bacillus. Bacterial isolates were resistant to CuSO4, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.78 mg ml-1. Enterococcus lactis was resistant to a combination of copper and tetracycline. The other tested isolates were sensitive to the tested antimicrobials. The metal removal ability of these isolates was assayed using atomic absorption spectroscopy, and the strains 27, 23, and E. lactis were best at removing heavy metals, at 87.7%. Enterococcus casseliflavus EC55 was 62%, followed by Bacillus aerius (18.4%), E. casseliflavus EC70 (10%) and Bacillus licheniformis (10%). Based on our findings, Enterococcus sp and Bacillus sp. have potential applications in enhanced remediation of contaminated environments.
- Published
- 2020
47. Time of In Vitro Anther Culture May Moderate Action of Copper and Silver Ions that Affect the Relationship between DNA Methylation Change and the Yield of Barley Green Regenerants
- Author
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Renata Orłowska and Piotr T. Bednarek
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Delta ,Stamen ,chemistry.chemical_element ,CuSO4 ,Plant Science ,green plants ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tissue culture ,AgNO3 ,lcsh:Botany ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,time ,Ecology ,food and beverages ,Methylation ,Copper ,methylation changes ,In vitro ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Horticulture ,androgenesis ,030104 developmental biology ,DNA demethylation ,chemistry ,DNA methylation ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Plant anther culture allows for the regeneration of uniform and homozygous double haploids. However, off-type regenerants may appear as a result of so-called tissue culture-induced variation (TCIV). In addition, the presence of Cu2+ and Ag+ ions in the culture medium might influence the number of green plants. The regenerants were obtained via anther cultures of barley under varying Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations in the induction medium during distinct time conditions. DArTseqMet markers were evaluated based on regenerants and donor plants and delivering data on DNA demethylation (DM) and de novo methylation (DNM) and changes in methylation (Delta). The number of green regenerated plants per 100 anthers (GPs) was evaluated. The Cu2+ and Ag+ ion concentrations moderated relationships between Delta and the number of green plants conditional on time of tissue cultures. Depending on the ions, moderated moderation is valid within the different time of anther culture. When the highest concentration of copper is analyzed, plant regeneration is possible under short &lsquo, Time&rsquo, (21 days) of anther culture wherein Delta is negative or under elongated Time when Delta is positive. Under 21 days of culture, the highest concentration of silver ions and when Delta is negative, some regenerants could be evaluated. However, under high Ag+ concentration when Time of culture is long and Delta positive, the highest number of green plants could be obtained.
- Published
- 2020
48. Comparative toxicity of CuO nanoparticles and CuSO4 in rainbow trout.
- Author
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Isani, Gloria, Falcioni, Maria Letizia, Barucca, Gianni, Sekar, Durairaj, Andreani, Giulia, Carpenè, Emilio, and Falcioni, Giancarlo
- Subjects
RAINBOW trout ,COPPER toxicity testing ,BIOACCUMULATION in fishes ,PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of nanoparticles ,COPPER oxide ,COPPER sulfate ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
This study compared the toxicity and accumulation of two different Cu compounds, CuO nanoparticles (NPs) and soluble CuSO
4 , in erythrocytes and different tissues in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The crystal structure of CuO NP analysed by XRD indicates that the NP are Tenorite, a monoclinic CuO. The in vitro toxicity results indicate that both Cu compounds increase the haemolysis rate in a dose-dependent way, but the effect was reduced treating cells with CuO NP. Moreover, both Cu compounds induce DNA damage and the entity of the damage, similarly to haemolysis, was more marked in cells treated with CuSO4 . In vivo results, obtained after intraperitoneal injection, showed that Cu concentrations were significantly higher in gills (p<0.0001), kidney (p=0.007) and liver (p<0.05) of exposed fish with a significant increase in plasma Cu concentration 15h after CuSO4 treatment. Cu concentrations were significantly higher in fish exposed to CuSO4 than CuO in kidney (p<0.05) and gills (p<0.0001). Significant DNA damage with respect to controls was detected only when Cu was injected as CuSO4 . The present data could serve to evaluate environmental Cu toxicity in fish depending on Cu speciation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Effect of Copper Sulphate and Lead Nitrate, Administered Alone or in Combination, on the Histology of Liver and Kidney of Labeo rohita.
- Author
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Latif, Abdul, Ali, Muhammad, Sayyed, Ali Hussnain, Iqbal, Furhan, Usman, Khalid, Rauf, Mohammad, and Kaoser, Rahila
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acute doses of copper sulphate and lead nitrate, administered alone or in combination on the histology of liver and kidney of Labeo rohita. The 96h LC
50 values for copper sulphate (CuSO4 .5H2 O) and lead nitrate [Pb(NO3 )2 ] were found to be 3.15 mg L-1 and 6.80 mg L-1 respectively. In this study, four groups, one control and three experimentals, each of 40 fingerlings of L. rohita were used. One treatment group was exposed to 3.15 mg L-1 of CuSO4 .5H2 O, the second to 6.80 mg L-1 of Pb(NO3 )2 , the third was, exposed to mixture of 1.575 mg L-1 of CuSO4 .5H2 O. + 3.40 mg L-1 of Pb(NO3 )2 , whereas, the fourth group did not receive any metal treatment. Exposure of toxicants caused fatty change, karyopyknosis, nuclear vacuolization and cytoplasmic collapse in liver of all experimental groups. Congestion of blood vessel, liquefactive necrosis of first and second proximal segment, and irregularity in interstitial haematopoietic tissue were observed in kidney of all experimental animals. In addition to these, the extravasation of blood from blood vessel, coagulative necrosis of first and second proximal segments and irregular blood congestion, and tubular necrosis were also observed in E-3 group. These findings classify CuSO4 .5H2 O and Pb(NO3 )2 , as strong toxic agents for L. rohita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
50. Uticaj bakarnih i aluminijumovih jona i njihovih smeša na izdvajanje pektina iz soka šećerne repe.
- Author
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Kuljanin, Tatjana A., Mišljenović, Nevena M., Koprivica, Gordana B., Jevrić, Lidija R., and Grbić, Jasna P.
- Subjects
IONS ,ALUMINUM ,COPPER ,PECTINS ,SUGAR beets - Abstract
Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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