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Social Service is a community service activity to build and help the community. For example, the Toraja Church of the Getsemani Congregation of Po'poran, which is located in Pana' village, Alla' sub-district, Enrekang district, South Sulawesi, on June 5, 2021, This activity is a social activity for the construction and Service of a church that functions as a place of worship, as a place of education and means of community interaction. However, often these activities do not function optimally because the facilities and infrastructure are inadequate. Therefore, this activity serves to build and provide services to the Toraja Jetsemani Po'poran Church. The steps taken include renovating the church building, cleaning the environment, maintaining outdated facilities, and providing educational services to children in the church

Within urbanized areas, the importance of neighborhood ponds should be assessed and investigated with its socio-spatial parameters (access and linkage, sociability, uses and activities, comfort and image etc) since such water bodies act as retention basin during floods, reservoir for lean period and responsive socializing agent to measure community interaction which are generally been neglected by city government, threatened by developers but taken care by neighborhood people in Old Dhaka. Most of the inner city small neighborhoods ponds have been encroached and filled up upon demand on land as the pond were not integrated in the city planning. The main objective of this research is to assess the significance of such water bodies and revive the spatial relationship of neighborhood ponds with its nearby residents. Therefore a socio-environmental survey (quantitative and qualitative) is held on neglected and threatened small neighborhood ponds of Old Dhaka with direct observation, in-depth interviews of the residents to compare the environmental, ecological and social contexts and explore the opportunities. An integrated assessment for enhancing sustainability and creating opportunities through community participation has been suggested to rejuvenate the ponds with attention for wetland preservation and to integrate into community development programs or planning.

Pelabuhan Makassar Newport salah satu proyek strategis Nasional untuk memperlancar arus logistik barang Proyek ini disebut nelayan menganggu jalur penangkapan dan pendapatan perahu tradisional

Pejok Village is one of the largest shallot producers in Bojonegoro Regency. However, there are obstacles faced by farmers. The shallot farmers are relying on other regions for shallot supply. This study aimed to 1) identify farmers’ problems with shallot seedlings from outside the region, 2) find solutions to decrease shallot farmers’ dependency, and 3) take action in building farmers’ independence towards self-sufficiency in shallot seeds. This study applied a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach that involved community interaction in identifying problems and coming up with solutions. Two actions were taken to solve the farmers’ problems: 1) training on the cultivation of shallot seeds; 2) trial of shallot seed cultivation. This participatory action has succeeded in building and developing the capacity of farmers in Pejok Village to realize independence in shallot seedling.

This study discusses community interaction with students from Pattani, Southern Thailand. As international students living in Bandung, they faced some challenges, especially concerning interaction as social capital for survival. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach to the Pattani Selatan Thai students who live in the Cipadung Village, Cibiru District, Bandung City. This study found an open interaction between the Cipadung community and students associatively, giving birth to good cooperation in various activities such as celebrating national holidays and Islamic holidays. Pattani Selatan Thailand students carry out social interactions that are openly driven by internal factors from within or psychological and external sociological factors. The interactions that occur are not yet entirely ideal because there are still many limitations and obstacles such as cultural customs, language, ethnic prejudice, and differences in interests. However, students from South Patani Thailand still have an excellent opportunity to interact with the community through the learning process and adaptation of South Patani Thailand students by learning local languages and customs.

O termo "Empresa Júnior'', surgiu em 1967, na França, e tratava-se de um projeto do governo para incentivar a criação de empresas no país. Hoje, o papel das empresas juniores é dar aos acadêmicos a oportunidade de aprimoramento técnico através da realização de trabalhos que possibilitem a resolução de tarefas práticas, desenvolvimento pessoal e valorização da profissão, além de contribuir com o desenvolvimento da sociedade, através dos trabalhos de extensão realizados em sua área de atuação, tendo como resultado final a interação Universidade/Comunidade. Como forma de cooperar para a formação técnica e humana da comunidade em geral e dos acadêmicos de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, a Floresta Jr. propõe a realização de trabalhos técnicos, palestras e cursos. Deste modo, facilita a inserção dos acadêmicos no mercado de trabalho, com a criação de um canal de divulgação da profissão e de contato dos estudantes com empresas e profissionais do ramo.

The objective of the article is to systematize the functions and skills that the social worker must possess for professional intervention from alternative means, and to illustrate the main processes implemented for the socioeconomic assessment of applicants to upper secondary education of the High School Academic Unit with Community Interaction of a University in the Southeast of the country, as a result of the epidemiological situation due to Covid-19, which leads to adjustments in the intervention considering the guidelines issued by international and governmental bodies. Therefore, this document is based on the methodological proposal of Castaneda (2014) that consists of: a) rescuing the context of the experience a); b) theoretical referents; c) methodological decisions; d) development of the analysis process for the purpose of systematization and e) reflections, learning and conclusions of the process. Among the results obtained from the systematization, it was found that the professional commitment of social workers, methodological rigor and their ethical principles is required, considering that these must be present in every intervention. The relevant functions during the project were planning, management, research and organization. To carry out these actions, it requires alignment with those sanitary measures, institutional regulations, characteristics of its users and, finally, the competencies of its professionals, which, in turn, requires constant updating and training.

This study explores boundary-crossing interaction between two grade 5/6 science classrooms that operated as knowledge building communities. The two classrooms studied human body systems with the support of the Knowledge Forum over a ten-week period. The knowledge building practice integrated student-driven inquiry and discourse within each community and cross-community interaction mediated through “super notes” posted in a cross-community meta-space. Students co-authored super notes as epistemic boundary objects, each of which synthesized knowledge progress in an emergent line of inquiry for cross-community sharing. Qualitative analyses of classroom videos, online discourse, and interviews provide a rich description of how the students conceived, generated, and interacted with the super notes for knowledge building. The processes to transcend student ideas toward the higher social levels for sharing through boundary-crossing further served as a larger context for idea development toward higher epistemic levels. Incorporating cross-community interaction is important for scaling CSCL-based classroom practices in a way that fosters high-level epistemic engagement.

The interaction between the community around buffer village and Alas Purwo National Park is intense because the community's reliance on natural resources is still high. Natural resources are abundant in Alas Purwo National Park and are directly bordered by residential areas. The form of community interaction around buffer villages with is the selection of forest and beach results. The problem in voting activities conducted by the community, so far is that in addition to providing economic value to the community, this activity is also likely to result in the damage of natural resources. Forests provide benefits as well as threats to the world, especially people in the area around the forest. People around the forest have their own ways to manage the forest to keep the forest sustainable, one way to save it is to re-enact the local wisdom found in the communities around the forest.

Title: Feasibility Identification of the Railway Track Setback in Mejing and Sedayu, Yogyakarta for a Public Space The availability of public space in an urban area/city is very important. Apart from functioning as regional landmarks, open spaces also function as areas for community interaction. This study aims to identify the feasibility of the lost space area along the railroad boundaries in Mejing and Sedayu as a public space. The research method used is to conduct surveys and interviews with people who use these two railway track border spaces. The survey variables used are comfort, relaxation, passive engagement, active engagement and discovery. The results of the study found that the public space on the Mejing railway track border, from the point of view of comfort, received a poor rating with a percentage of 47.62%, while in Sedayu it received almost the same rating, which was not good with a percentage of 43.14%. When viewed from the relaxation indicator, the open space on the border of Mejing and Sedayu rails received a good rating with a percentage of 52.53% and 52.67%. Meanwhile, the level of open space security at the Mejing railway track border stated that the assessment was good with an average percentage of 53.17% and at the Sedayu rail border received a poor rating with a percentage value of 42.17%. The factor of the low feasibility of open space at the railroad border is a lack of facilities, cleanliness, parking management and the comfort of open space users.

This essay reviews research I conducted through the lens of Law’s Community Interaction Theory, and draws out its contextual relevance to widening participation in medicine. It discusses implications for practice, and suggests potential in Law’s idea for the role of guidance practitioner as both applied psychologist and sociologist.

This study aims to determine the role of the manager in managing the Qur'an House ‘Aisyah Radhiyallahu‘Anha in applying the living Qur’an method. This research method uses qualitative research and the approach used is descriptive method, which is describing and analyzing the role of the manager of the Qur'an house ‘Aisyah Radiyallahu‘Anha in applying the living Qur’an method. The results in this study the role of the house manager of 'Aisyah Radiyallahu' Anha in implementing the living Qur'an method as a facilitator, facilitating all activities related to community interaction with the Qur'an. an. In the implementation of the House of the Qur'an, first do it by teaching memorization of the Qur'an. A'ishah Radiyallahu's Qur'an House Program Plan ‘Anha in managing the Koran House of students should be able to memorize the Qur'an from children and mothers 1-2 juz per year and for independent classes 2 juz per year. The process of managing the Qur'an house Rumah Aisyah Radhiyallahu ‘Anha in applying the Living Qur’an method. Learning begins at 08.30 West Indonesian Time in the opening filled with muroja'ah after about 15 minutes of opening, students go to their respective groups. There are 3 classes in its implementation, juz 30, juz 29 and there are also independent classes that memorize 2 juz per year. After entering into each group there are those who are summoned one by one and some who come forward facing their ustadzah for rote and muroja'ah deposits. Each meeting of students deposited a memorization of 10-15 verses for duration of 45 minutes.

Based on the formulation of the problem of this research is how the form of code mixing in the interaction of Boladangko village community in the Kulawi district of Sigi district and the factors driving the code mix in the Community Interaction of Boladanko Village in the Kulawi District of Sigi district. The purpose of this study was to determine the form of mixed code speech in the interaction of Boladanko village, Kulawi sub-district, Sigi district. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. Qualitative research methods are intended to describe the form of mixed code speech in the Boladangkokececity of Kulawi Sub-district, Sigi Regency. Based on the results of the study the authors found a mixture of the Kaili language code (Moma) and Indonesian. Mix the code because the speaker forgets the language of his area so that the speaker sometimes deliberately interferes with the code because of the habits and the ease of speech and changes in the way of communication between the speaker and the interlocutor. The following is code mixing data that occurs in the process of community interaction in Boladangko Village, Kulawi Subdistrict, Sigi Regency based on word class, namely, insertion of affixed elements, insertion of elements in the form of clauses, insertion of elements in the form of words and insertion of elements in the form of phrases. The driving factor for code mixing has more to do with the speaker, the speech partner, the function and purpose of the speaker, and the situation of the conversation. The driving factors for code mixing are extralinguistic and intralinguistic factors. Extralinguistic factors related to the character of the speaker such as background, social, religious sense, level of education, and regionalism. Intralinguistic factors relate to the absence of words in the Moma language that are capable of overseeing the concept referred to as the linguistic element that is inserted.

El presente artículo resalta el papel de las mujeres Nasa de Tierradentro Cauca, en el proceso de comunicación ancestral y en la construcción de significados culturales, por medio de los tejidos que elaboran y que han sido una estrategia de comunicación para la pervivencia de los pueblos y el territorio. Se expone el sentido del tejido como una práctica esencial donde se representan símbolos y signos cargados de significados, construidos a través de la interacción comunitaria, de los hechos históricos, las recomendaciones de sabedores y sabedoras, las orientaciones y la proyección del pueblo. De la misma manera se expresa el tejido en la lengua Nasayuwe “umna” como la capacidad de poner en conexión las tres dimensiones, lo espiritual, el cuerpo y el territorio entre los que se interactúa cotidianamente y se transita en espiral con orientación de la luna y el sol, en el ser-estar, ir, llegar y retornar con criterio de dignidad e identidad. Por ultimo se expresa la importancia del aprendizaje colectivo como la estrategia que mantienen los pueblos y que se le denomina pedagogías comunitarias desde las cuales se ha mantenido el uso y la valoración de los tejidos en el tiempo y en el espacio para la pervivencia de nuestros pueblos.

Riverbanks are one of the urban areas that often experience decrease in its environment quality. This is caused by the improper utilization of riverbanks as a living space. Consequently, the quality of adequate housing for the community is difficult to achieve. Although the government has tried to build flats as a solution to the problem, some residents choose to abandon them because of its formal and rigid vertical dwelling model that make the residents feel lack of togetherness and interaction between community. This kind of communal perspectives sometimes cannot be found when they live in horizontal dwelling (kampung). The purpose of this paper is to generate recomendation for a vertical dwelling model based on the form of community interaction in Kampung Gampingan, located at the Winongo River. The paper is expected to be an alternative solution for stakeholders in planning and designing settlements, especially in villages on the banks of urban rivers. © 2019 Sidhi Pramudito, Antonius Lanang Tegar Wicaksana Praptantya, David Jeffry Nasir

This manuscript mainly focuses on the correlation between the spatial distribution of convenience stores and the distribution of urban spatial functions. We took 1217 FamilyMart convenience stores within the Shanghai outer ring area as the research objects and used the calculation method of kernel density estimation. The results show that the distribution of Shanghai FamilyMart stores is centered on the three central urban areas of Huangpu District, Jing’an District, and Xuhui District; the high-density areas of convenience stores partially overlap with the city’s main center, and some do not. The research shows that in areas with a high distribution density of convenience stores, the establishment of the convenience stores has a strong correlation with urban spatial functions, and these continence stores have formalized a network deeply integrated with the community. We believe that, in the future, with the development of small retail businesses, these can be transformed into public activity spaces through space transformation and design, which promotes the sustainable development of community interaction and traditional retail business, stimulating the sustainability of community vitality. The results of this study show that this concept has a feasible spatial basis, and the research method can also be applied to the study of other small retail commercial spaces.

Increasingly intensive strategies to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem function are being deployed in response to global anthropogenic threats, including intentionally introducing and eradicating species via assisted migration, rewilding, biological control, invasive species eradications, and gene drives. These actions are highly contentious because of their potential for unintended consequences. We conducted a global literature review of these conservation actions to quantify how often unintended outcomes occur and to elucidate their underlying causes. To evaluate conservation outcomes, we developed a community assessment framework for systematically mapping the range of possible interaction types for 111 case studies. Applying this tool, we quantified the number of interaction types considered in each study and documented the nature and strength of intended and unintended outcomes. Intended outcomes were reported in 51% of cases, a combination of intended outcomes and unintended outcomes in 26%, and strictly unintended outcomes in 10%. Hence, unintended outcomes were reported in 36% of all cases evaluated. In evaluating overall conservations outcomes (weighing intended vs. unintended effects), some unintended effects were fairly innocuous relative to the conservation objective, whereas others resulted in serious unintended consequences in recipient communities. Studies that assessed a greater number of community interactions with the target species reported unintended outcomes more often, suggesting that unintended consequences may be underreported due to insufficient vetting. Most reported unintended outcomes arose from direct effects (68%) or simple density-mediated or indirect effects (25%) linked to the target species. Only a few documented cases arose from more complex interaction pathways (7%). Therefore, most unintended outcomes involved simple interactions that could be predicted and mitigated through more formal vetting. Our community assessment framework provides a tool for screening future conservation actions by mapping the recipient community interaction web to identify and mitigate unintended outcomes from intentional species introductions and eradications for conservation.Evaluación de las Consecuencias Involuntarias de las Introducciones y Erradicaciones Intencionales de Especies para el Manejo Mejorado de la Conservación Resumen Actualmente se despliegan estrategias cada vez más intensas para mantener la biodiversidad y la función del ecosistema como respuesta a las amenazas antropogénicas mundiales, incluyendo la introducción y erradicación intencionales de especies por medio de la migración asistida, el retorno a la vida silvestre, el control biológico, la erradicación de especies invasoras y la genética dirigida. Estas acciones son muy polémicas por el potencial que tienen para generar consecuencias involuntarias. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura mundial sobre estas acciones de conservación para cuantificar cuán seguido ocurren las consecuencias involuntarias y cuáles son sus causas subyacentes. Para evaluar los resultados de conservación, desarrollamos un marco de trabajo de evaluación comunitaria para mapear sistemáticamente el rango de posibles interacciones para 111 estudios de caso. Con la aplicación de esta herramienta cuantificamos el número de tipos de interacción consideradas en cada estudio y documentamos la naturaleza y la fuerza de los resultados involuntarios. Se reportaron los resultados voluntarios en 51% de los casos, una combinación de resultados voluntarios e involuntarios en 26% de los casos y estrictamente los resultados involuntarios en el 10% de los casos. Por lo tanto, los resultados involuntarios fueron reportados en el 36% de todos los casos evaluados. En la evaluación general de los resultados de conservación (sopesando los efectos voluntarios y. los involuntarios), algunos efectos involuntarios fueron bastante inocuos en relación con el objetivo de conservación, mientras que otros resultaron en consecuencias involuntarias severas para las comunidades receptoras. Los estudios que evaluaron un mayor número de interacciones comunitarias con la especie objetivo reportaron resultados involuntarios con mayor frecuencia, lo que sugiere que las consecuencias involuntarias pueden estar subvaloradas debido al escrutinio insuficiente. La mayoría de los resultados involuntarios reportados surgieron de los efectos directos (68%) o de los efectos indirectos o mediados por la densidad (25%) vinculados con la especie diana. Solamente unos cuantos casos documentados surgieron de interacciones más complejas (7%). Por lo tanto, la mayoría de los resultados involuntarios involucran interacciones simples que podrían ser pronosticadas y mitigadas por medio de un escrutinio más formal. Nuestro marco de trabajo de evaluación comunitaria proporciona una herramienta para la revisión de las acciones de conservación en el futuro mediante el mapeo de la red de interacciones entre comunidades receptoras y para la mitigación de los resultados involuntarios surgidos de las introducciones y erradicaciones intencionales de especies a favor de la conservación.

Stroke is a common disease characterized by multiple genetic dysfunctions. In this complex disease, detecting the strength of inter-module coordination (genetic community interaction) and subsequent modular rewiring is essential to characterize the reactive biosystematic variation (biosystematic perturbation) brought by multiple-target drugs, whose effects are achieved by hitting on a series of targets (target profile) jointly. Here, a quantitative approach for inter-module coordination and its transition, named as IMCC, was developed. Applying IMCC to mouse cerebral ischemia–related gene microarray, we investigated a holistic view of modular map and its rewiring from ischemic stroke to drugs (baicalin, BA; ursodeoxycholic acid, UA; and jasminoidin, JA) perturbation states and locally identified the cooperative pathological module pair and its dissection. Our result suggested the global modular map in cerebral ischemia exhibited a characteristic “core–periphery” architecture, and this architecture was rewired by the effective drugs heterogeneously: BA and UA converged modules into an intensively connected integrity, whereas JA diverged partial modules and widened the remaining inter-module paths. Locally, the PMP dissociation brought by drugs contributed to the reversion of the pathological condition: the focus of the cellular function shift from survival after nervous system injury into development and repair, including neurotrophin regulation, hormone releasing, and chemokine signaling activation. The core targets and mechanisms were validated by in vivo experiments. Overall, our result highlights the holistic inter-module coordination rearrangement rather than a target or a single module that brings phenotype alteration. This strategy may lead to systematically explore detailed variation of inter-module pharmacological action mode of multiple-target drugs, which is the principal problem of module pharmacology for network-based drug discovery.

Recreational parks are important in encouraging physical activities and social relationship among the community as well as to improve the quality of life (QoL) of the community through their participation in the parks. Quality of life can be incorporated into the ideas of expectation and satisfaction, which covers physical, social and health aspects. Participation in leisure or recreation activities is considered by many researchers as an essential component of an individual’s sense of QoL. A study had been carried out in Temerloh town to study the QoL impact of the recreation parks. A questionnaire survey was carried out among the visitors to examine the expectation and satisfaction of respondents (visitors) on the three aspects of QoL , i.e. physical, social and health. As a result, the study found that respondents were having lower “satisfaction” scores as compared to the scores for “expectation” on average. It shows a low level of QoL for the study areas. Furthermore, the study also found that the satisfaction of respondents on physical aspects was positively and significantly correlated to the social aspects of QoL. Thus, the physical aspects of recreation parks were potentially impacting the social aspects of QoL among respondents who used the parks. It is suggested that recreational parks should be improved especially the physical aspects , i.e. safety and physical facilities for the purpose to increase the QoL of the users including the community interaction, family life and health. Keywords: expectation, health, physical, quality, satisfaction, social.

Pollution prevention is an approach for generating less waste using fewer toxic chemicals while conserving water and energy. Even though pollution prevention practices have been encouraged for over thirty years, many smaller businesses have not considered or adopted such techniques. This study examines the effect of a community-based approach designed to emphasize the benefits to the health and economic well-being of urban communities when source reduction practices are implemented by businesses in the community. Partnering with existing community groups in Newark and Jersey City, NJ, technical assistance was provided to small and medium-sized businesses under grant funding from Region 2 of the US Environmental Protection Agency. In this research, 32 small and medium-sized businesses were evaluated for source reduction opportunities and implementation plans were drawn up. After these businesses implemented operational changes, emission and cost savings were determined and reported back to respective small business owners as well as to the communities during community meetings designed to encourage additional participation. Based on 32 case studies, several measurable benefits were achieved, including the yearly saving of 932 pounds of hazardous waste, 3917 pounds of non-hazardous waste, 13.62 metric tons of carbon equivalent (MTCE) of greenhouse gases and $5335 USD. The initial findings suggest that community-based programs such as this can be beneficial but must be sustained over a period of time. One issue that was repeatedly observed, and is likely widely believed, is the concern of small business operators that cooperation with any group funded by a government program may lead to the assessment of fines or penalties for environmental violations. This concern limits the willingness of many smaller businesses to participate. The findings of this study suggest that a sustained community-based program may overcome that concern through demonstration of the benefit to the business and the community, and through credibility building achieved by regular community reporting and the absence of official intervention.

Cohesion is a fundamental determinant of performance in farmer groups in which collective action is pursued for the benefit of the members. The study examined the influence of individual members’ objectives, participation culture, group rewards, structure of tasks and perceived equity on cohesion of farmer groups that can promote access to agricultural extension services. Quantitative data were collected from 180 members of 19 farmer groups using questionnaires selected in a multi-stage process that combined purposive and random sampling. Qualitative data were gathered from 20 key informants in oral interviews and three focus group discussions. Regression analysis indicated that there were statistically significant negative relationships between individual members’ objectives, structure of the tasks, group reward system and cohesion of farmer groups. In contrast, perceived equity had a statistically significant positive relationship with cohesion in farmer groups. We recommend that, for sustainability of group cohesion, group facilitators work with the farmer groups to ensure alignment of group and NAADS institutions and performance indicators. A group dynamics perspective to understanding farmer group cohesion should be a helpful organizing principle.

付記する学位プログラム名: デザイン学大学院連携プログラム

Sewers may affect the characteristics and bacterial communities of wastewater, and need be studied as they may impact treatment facilities and recycling operations. In this study, the wastewater characteristics and bacterial communities from the inflow and outflow of two sewers (sewage and greywater) were analyzed. The chemical oxygen demand was significantly reduced in the sewage and greywater sewer and the greywater sewer generated less sulfide and methane. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes as the major phyla in sewage and greywater and sewer biofilms. Sewer conveyance caused changes in the distribution and community interaction of suspended bacteria. Greywater contained abundant water-related pathogenic bacteria (WPB) and some WPB (e.g. Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Shigella) number in greywater were not lower than sewage. Sewers could increase the number of Shigella in sewage and decrease the number of Acinetobacter in greywater. Further treatment or disinfection of greywater collected by sewers was necessary and directly reuse of greywater without treatment should be avoided.

This essay describes a multimedia memorial, Remembering the Dead, that seeks to remember victims of mass shootings in the United States of America. This elegiac work may be considered a diversity for electronic literature, specifically one focused on social justice. By remembering those killed by gun violence, we recall and reinforce their humanity. Additionally, we gain a broader engagement with community interaction, as well as an increased critical network awareness of how electronic literature might provide bridges between communities. Remembering the Dead provides a meme regarding how to move forward with these ideas in an increasingly fractured world., Este ensaio descreve um memorial multimédia, Remembering the Dead [Recordando os mortos], que procura lembrar as vítimas de tiroteios em massa nos Estados Unidos da América. Esta obra elegíaca pode ser considerada uma derivação no âmbito da literatura eletrónica, especificamente focada na justiça social. Ao lembrar os que foram mortos pela violência armada, recordamos e reforçamos a sua humanidade. Adicionalmente, desenvolvemos a nossa interação com a comunidade, assim como maior consciencialização crítica acerca da forma como a literatura eletrónica pode proporcionar pontes entre comunidades. Remembering the Dead constitui um meme para que estas ideias se possam desenvolver num mundo cada vez mais fraturado.

Recycle Edible Garden (REG) is a green initiative green project that was composed to accommodate the community with edible resources, rainwater harvesting and reuse materials towards achieving subsistence living. This paper documented the rationale, risks and recommendation based on the collaborative design-build process and experiences. The data derived from the quantitative and qualitative method in which was recorded through meetings, pictures, newspaper and surveys. All data were analysed descriptively through comparative tables, images and graphs. The outcome will present the benchmark in designing and engaging with the community through motivating community interaction, minimising living costs and improving the quality of life.

The stylistics on the linguistics has an important role in the text applied. The social approach is one way how to get a certain goal. In this case, the brilliant solution to solve the problem based on the new method and procedure that can we did. For the public person in the word, the common way can not be avoided a social behavior as well as the community interaction. The current paper explained and explore how it can be done based on a certain way. Of course, the basic concept should be maintained, therefore, in solving the problem those are two principle concept must be had. The first is a success and the second is study.

This article describes the Digital Library North (DLN) project, a collaboration among researchers at the University of Alberta, staff at the Inuvialuit Cultural Resource Centre, and communities within the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (ISR) to develop a culturally appropriate metadata framework for a digital library of cultural resources. It will discuss gathering of data to inform the first iteration of the metadata framework and digital library prototype, as well as revisions made to both the framework and the digital library based on feedback obtained through community interaction with the prototype.

Climate change and species invasions represent key threats to global biodiversity. Subarctic freshwaters are sentinels for understanding both stressors because the effects of climate change are disproportionately strong at high latitudes and invasion of temperate species is prevalent. Here, we summarize the environmental effects of climate change and illustrate the ecological responses of freshwater fishes to these effects, spanning individual, population, community and ecosystem levels. Climate change is modifying hydrological cycles across atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic components of subarctic ecosystems, causing increases in ambient water temperature and nutrient availability. These changes affect the individual behavior, habitat use, growth and metabolism, alter population spawning and recruitment dynamics, leading to changes in species abundance and distribution, modify food web structure, trophic interactions and energy flow within communities and change the sources, quantity and quality of energy and nutrients in ecosystems. Increases in temperature and its variability in aquatic environments underpin many ecological responses; however, altered hydrological regimes, increasing nutrient inputs and shortened ice cover are also important drivers of climate change effects and likely contribute to context‐dependent responses. Species invasions are a complex aspect of the ecology of climate change because the phenomena of invasion are both an effect and a driver of the ecological consequences of climate change. Using subarctic freshwaters as an example, we illustrate how climate change can alter three distinct aspects of species invasions: (1) the vulnerability of ecosystems to be invaded, (2) the potential for species to spread and invade new habitats, and (3) the subsequent ecological effects of invaders. We identify three fundamental knowledge gaps focused on the need to determine (1) how environmental and landscape characteristics influence the ecological impact of climate change, (2) the separate and combined effects of climate and non‐native invading species and (3) the underlying ecological processes or mechanisms responsible for changes in patterns of biodiversity.