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1. Building the Resilience of Marginal Rural Areas Using a Complementary Characterization Approach: Possible Beneficial Health Effects and Stress Tolerance of Italian Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces.

Author

Falcione, Martina, Renella, Alessandra, Samukha, Vadym, Colardo, Mayra, Simiele, Melissa, Scippa, Gabriella Stefania, Segatto, Marco, and Trupiano, Dalila

Subjects
COMMON bean, RURAL geography, CULTURAL identity, PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments, INTESTINAL cancer, GENETIC variation
Abstract

Common bean landraces, besides contributing to the preservation of the social and cultural identity of the local communities of the production area, typically display adaptability to adverse agro-climatic conditions. This adapted germplasm is a repository of the gene pool and also shows typical phytochemical profiles, representing an essential source of bioactive components. However, genetic erosion is progressively affecting this genetic material, creating serious threats to its cultivation in marginal rural areas and use as a source of biodiversity and bioproducts. In the present work, a comprehensive approach was used to characterize the seed morpho-colorimetric traits, genetic diversity, and NMR metabolomic profiles of three Italian common bean landraces. Specific physiological and biochemical features (antioxidant molecules, osmolytes, structural reorganization of photosynthetic pigment, etc.), together with the accumulation of distinctive metabolites, contribute to the description of the observed diversity among the landraces in terms of the salt stress response and antiproliferative abilities on intestinal human cancer cells. This information could be useful in establishing their value in terms of environmental and/or human health "service", both essential to translating landraces into competitive products, a prerequisite for envisioning appropriate strategies for their conservation and a driving force for the revitalization of marginal rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Protein Inhibition Hinders Glioblastoma Progression by Inducing Autophagy-Dependent Differentiation

Author

Colardo, Mayra, primary, Gargano, Deborah, additional, Russo, Miriam, additional, Petraroia, Michele, additional, Pensabene, Daniele, additional, D’Alessandro, Giuseppina, additional, Santoro, Antonio, additional, Limatola, Cristina, additional, Segatto, Marco, additional, and Di Bartolomeo, Sabrina, additional

Published
2023
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12. Long-Lasting Impact of Sugar Intake on Neurotrophins and Neurotransmitters from Adolescence to Young Adulthood in Rat Frontal Cortex

Author

Maria Stefania Spagnuolo, Arianna Mazzoli, Martina Nazzaro, Antonio Dario Troise, Cristina Gatto, Claudia Tonini, Mayra Colardo, Marco Segatto, Andrea Scaloni, Valentina Pallottini, Susanna Iossa, Luisa Cigliano, Spagnuolo, Maria Stefania, Mazzoli, Arianna, Nazzaro, Martina, Troise, Antonio Dario, Gatto, Cristina, Tonini, Claudia, Colardo, Mayra, Segatto, Marco, Scaloni, Andrea, Pallottini, Valentina, Iossa, Susanna, Cigliano, Luisa, Spagnuolo, MARIA STEFANIA, and Troise, ANTONIO DARIO

Subjects
Inflammation, Adolescent rat · Frontal cortex · Fructose diet · Brain-derived neurotrophic factor · Neurotransmitters · Mitochondria · Inflammation, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Neurology, Fructose diet, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Adolescent rat, Neurotransmitters, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Frontal cortex, Mitochondria
Abstract

The detrimental impact of fructose, a widely used sweetener in industrial foods, was previously evidenced on various brain regions. Although adolescents are among the highest consumers of sweet foods, whether brain alterations induced by the sugar intake during this age persist until young adulthood or are rescued returning to a healthy diet remains largely unexplored. To shed light on this issue, just weaned rats were fed with a fructose-rich or control diet for 3 weeks. At the end of the treatment, fructose-fed rats underwent a control diet for a further 3 weeks until young adulthood phase and compared with animals that received from the beginning the healthy control diet. We focused on the consequences induced by the sugar on the main neurotrophins and neurotransmitters in the frontal cortex, as its maturation continues until late adolescence, thus being the last brain region to achieve a full maturity. We observed that fructose intake induces inflammation and oxidative stress, alteration of mitochondrial function, and changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin receptors, synaptic proteins, acetylcholine, dopamine, and glutamate levels, as well as increased formation of the glycation end-products Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL). Importantly, many of these alterations (BDNF, CML, CEL, acetylcholinesterase activity, dysregulation of neurotransmitters levels) persisted after switching to the control diet, thus pointing out to the adolescence as a critical phase, in which extreme attention should be devoted to limit an excessive consumption of sweet foods that can affect brain physiology also in the long term.

Published
2022

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