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Today, expectations from textile products have increased and the comfort features of clothes have gained more importance, especially for leisure and sports clothes. Therefore, the liquid moisture transmission of clothes is quite important, which has a significant effect on the body's ability to cool itself and the user's feeling cold after sweating. A new test instrument “3D-MMD” (3 Dimension Moisture Mapping Device), that measures the liquid moisture transmission feature of the fabrics in multidirection is introduced in this paper. The developed system includes two thermal cameras that allow measurement below and above of the sample. When the test liquid is dropped on the sample, the heat transfer occurs and due to the heat transfer during the transmission of moisture, the surface temperature of wetted and non-wetted parts of the fabric changes. This change is detected in the form of infrared data with the help of thermal cameras and converted into an electronic image. The wet area can be easily created by processing the images of the color visuals coming instantly from the thermal camera. The patent for this new method has been registered by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (TR2020/21004). Meanwhile, the international patent application process continues (PCT/TR2021/051223).

Recently, clothing development 3D printing and the evaluation of its physical characteristics have been explored. However, few studies have tackled thermal comfort, which is a major contributor to the wearers' comfort. Therefore, this study was designed to suggest effective materials and hole sizes for clothing obtained by 3D printing to maintain a comfortable clothing environment. In particular, two main variables, namely five different materials and three-hole sizes, were analyzed. All samples were placed on a hot plate (36 °C), and their surface temperature and humidity were measured for 10 min. The samples with only thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) achieved the largest temperature change of 3.2~4.8 °C, whereas those with ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) foam exhibited the lowest temperature change of −0.1~2.0 °C. Similarly, the samples with only TPU showed the greatest humidity change of −0.7~−5.5%RH. Moreover, the hole size had a larger effect on humidity change than material type. The samples with large holes achieved the largest humidity change of −4.4%RH, whereas the samples without holes had the smallest humidity change of −1.5%RH after 10 min (p < 0.001). Based on these results, various combinations of materials and hole sizes should be considered to fit the purpose of 3D printing clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermophysiological comfort is a crucial aspect of human life, contributing to health and work performance. The current paper aims to enhance the understanding of current research, progress, and remaining challenges regarding clothing thermophysiological comfort from a textile science perspective. It provides a comprehensive review of several facets of clothing thermophysiological comfort, focusing on the history of thermophysiological comfort prediction models, heat and moisture transfer mechanisms in the skin–clothing–environment system, controlling factors of thermophysiological comfort, textile materials for superior thermophysiological comfort, and thermal comfort assessment techniques. The paper shows that previously developed thermophysiological comfort models were mainly based on the human thermoregulation process. However, the effect of the air gap size between the human skin and the cloth layer, i.e., the microclimate, on the heat and moisture transfer in the skin–clothing–environment system has been largely overlooked. In addition, thermophysiological comfort models of skin–clothing–environment systems generally only considered dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance, yet many other fabric properties have effects on human thermophysiological comfort. Potential future directions are identified to fill some of the current gaps. A conceptual model of clothing comfort to contribute to a better understanding of thermophysiological comfort is also proposed.

Copyright of Journal of Natural Fibers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thermophysiological comfort is a crucial aspect of human life, contributing to health and work performance. The current paper aims to enhance the understanding of current research, progress, and remaining challenges regarding clothing thermophysiological comfort from a textile science perspective. It provides a comprehensive review of several facets of clothing thermophysiological comfort, focusing on the history of thermophysiological comfort prediction models, heat and moisture transfer mechanisms in the skin–clothing–environment system, controlling factors of thermophysiological comfort, textile materials for superior thermophysiological comfort, and thermal comfort assessment techniques. The paper shows that previously developed thermophysiological comfort models were mainly based on the human thermoregulation process. However, the effect of the air gap size between the human skin and the cloth layer, i.e., the microclimate, on the heat and moisture transfer in the skin–clothing–environment system has been largely overlooked. In addition, thermophysiological comfort models of skin–clothing–environment systems generally only considered dry thermal resistance and evaporative resistance, yet many other fabric properties have effects on human thermophysiological comfort. Potential future directions are identified to fill some of the current gaps. A conceptual model of clothing comfort to contribute to a better understanding of thermophysiological comfort is also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to investigate the thermal comfort behaviour of polyester seamed fabric regarding the change in sewing thread filaments fineness for two different seam classes: seam 514 and seam 607. Five seamed fabric samples were constructed with using micro-denier polyester filament of 16.66 tex made of five different filament numbers (38, 48, 108, 144 and 288). It was noticed that the seam thermal properties, air and water vapour permeability, and wicking can be improved if the seam is constructed with using the micro-denier polyester sewing thread. It was also found that the investigated properties increase with the increase in the sewing thread filament fineness on the seam line. The statistical results have also shown that the sewing thread filament fineness is significantly affecting thermal behaviour of the seamed fabric.

Comfort is an aspect and is considered as one of the important characteristics of clothing. Generally, the comfort properties can be distinguished into three categories, viz., thermo-physiological comfort, sensorial comfort, and psychological comfort. Thermo-physiological comfort of a fabric is determined by the ability of the fabric to transmit heat, air, and moisture from the skin to the atmosphere. Fabric made of synthetic fibers has convincing comfort properties when compared with the fabrics made of natural fibers like cotton, silk, wool, etc. When natural fibers are compared with synthetic fibers, synthetic fibers are hydrophobic in nature and provides less comfort to the wearer. Hence, in this research work, an attempt has been made to study the thermo-physiological comfort properties of herbal finished woven fabrics made from synthetic fibers coated with neem and bermudagrass. Herbal finishes were applied on the woven fabrics made from 100% polyester and blends of 50:50 polyester, acrylic fibers. These finished fabrics were tested and analyzed for durability and essential thermo-physiological comfort properties. Based on the test results and analysis it was found that significant improvements in the moisture-related properties and moderate decrease in the thermal conductivity of the synthetic fabrics with neem and bermudagrass herbal finish.

Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study investigated the use of flax and hemp fibers in denim fabrics in terms of thermo-physiological comfort and handle-related properties. Cotton/flax and cotton/hemp blended fabrics with 2/1 twill and 3/1 twill weaves were selected and evaluated compared to pure cotton fabric. Besides, the effect of rinsing was examined. The findings revealed that the use of flax and hemp fibers improved the thermo-physiological and handle-related comfort properties of denim fabrics. Higher air permeability and water absorbency along with quick-drying behavior could be achieved in flax and hemp blended fabrics compared to pure cotton fabric. Handle-related comfort properties of flax and hemp blended fabrics indicated soft touch. Although the extension and formability values of the blended fabrics were low, they were at an acceptable level and were improved after the rinsing process.

Embroidery is a form of embellishment obtained by processing the figures on various surfaces. It has been done as multi-needle and computer-aided since the 1990s. Embroidery practice is applied with the aim of improving the appearance of the product and separating the product from similar ones. The embroidery process has direct effect on the cost and sale of the product and is used widely in the garment industry. Embroidery applied on the surface is supported by interlining in order to have better quality of the embroidery. In this research, all parame-ters intended for obtaining embroidered surface were kept constant and five different interlining types were ap-plied as variables. Physical and comfort tests were performed for evaluating the comfort features of the embroi-dered surface. According to the findings obtained from the study, the use of water-soluble interlining was found to be appropriate in places that were in direct contact with the skin.

In this study, seven different samples have been knitted in jersey and piquet structures using various antibacterial yarns. Cotton, polyamide, lyocell, polyester, acrylic, viscose and their blends have been used to prepare samples. Samples are tested for thermal conductivity, air permeability, water vapour permeability, coefficient of friction, abrasion resistance and recovery after compression. Acquired data are evaluated to determine the most appropriate type of yarn to be used for the diabetic socks. Test results show that antibacterial 100% polyester yarn is the optimum yarn for a diabetic sock among all the investigated yarns. This yarn has high air and water vapour permeability. It shows low coefficient of friction, high abrasion resistance, and high recovery rate after compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to further explore the shaping effect and wearing comfort of shaping clothing, three methods for evaluating the comfort of shaping clothing are summarized and analyzed, namely psychological evaluation, physiological evaluation, and physical evaluation. The advantages and limitations of various methods are summarized. And the influencing factors of the comfort of shaping clothing from three levels of human body shape, structure design and material performance are also analyzed. Finally, it is pointed out that in the future, based on the analysis of human body shape, structural optimization can be carried out according to different shaping requirements, and new technology can be applied to develop comfort surface accessories. Combined with qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, the influence of local feeling on overall comfort can be analyzed, which can provide reference for the development of the comfort of shaping clothing.

The aims of this review are to (1) summarise the current research of sports clothing as it relates to thermoregulation, comfort, and performance during exercise in the heat, (2) identify methodological limitations and gaps in the knowledge base of sports clothing, and (3) provide recommendations for exercise testing protocols to accurately assess the impact of sports clothing in athletic populations during exercise in the heat. Sports clothing consists of lightweight and breathable fabrics, surface treatments, and various designs which aim to enhance sweat evaporation and comfort during exercise in the heat. Sports clothing comprised of natural, synthetic, and chemically treated fabrics has been investigated during exercise of varying durations (15–120 min), intensities (20–70% VO2 max) and types (fixed intensity, incremental, self-paced), and in an array of climatic conditions (18–40 °C, 20–60% relative humidity). To date, few studies have identified significant differences in thermo-physiological, perceptual, and performance measures between natural and synthetic fabrics or compared the effect of chemical treatments to their non-treated equivalent on such measures during exercise. Collectively, previous wearer trials have failed to replicate the upper limit of training and competition demands when assessing sports clothing in endurance-trained individuals who regularly train and compete in hot and humid climates. Clothing comfort has also been evaluated using simple scales which fail to capture intricate detail pertaining to psychological and sensorial parameters. The incorporation of protocols using hot and humid climates (≥ 30 °C, ≥ 70% relative humidity) and longer exercise durations (> 45 min) is warranted. Future research should also consider exploring the effect of sports clothing on thermal, physiological, perceptual, and performance measures between males and females, and assessing clothing comfort using a multi-dimensional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study five different knitted sport clothes were tested in a wear trial test with ten men subject. After the activity, subjects were included in a rest period of 20 minutes. In this period, microclimate temperature and relative humidity values were measured with a datalogger from four body regions (chest, abdomen, back and waist). The results showed that the lowest waist microclimate temperature value was seen in TS tencel single jersey fabric like the other three body regions. On the contrary to chest and back regions, the abdomen microclimate temperature values increase during the relaxing period. Also the lowest microclimate temperature values were seen in abdomen region. On the other hand the highest microclimate relative humidity values were seen in abdomen region ( 93-96 %).

The aim of study was to present an evaluation of sports underwear under different conditions and applying two measurement techniques. The test was performed on a ergometer simulating real conditions of wearing clothes. Moreover, the material parameters of knitted fabric selected were evaluated according to standards. The utility tests performed by the ergometer allow one to assess fabric under the action of the human thermoregulation mechanism. and therefore such tests more effectively characterise the article under testing. Test results of the underclothing micro-climate of sports underwear showed a statistically significant dependence on the person participating in the tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The static electricity properties of textile products are very important, especially when clothing comfort is the main subject. In this study, four sets of clothing fabrics containing 33 systematic and 18 non-systematic woven fabrics in total were used in order to examine the electrostatic charging properties. A testing mechanism which provides static electricity by the triboelectrification method was manufactured, and electrostatic voltage values occurring on the fabric samples were measured by an electrostatic voltmeter simultaneously with the testing mechanism. The repeatability of the results was checked by using polyester and cotton systematic woven fabrics. After this stage, the effects of fabric structural parameters and the rubbing period on electrostatic charging properties were evaluated. Moreover, non -systematic commercial woven fabrics were also tested in the study. In the last section of the experimental part, the best clothing and lining fabric combinations were revealed according to the lowest static electricity results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-directional liquid spreading behaviour of polyester/elastane knitted fabrics under various stretches has been studied. A novel device has been developed to measure the liquid spreading behaviour of elastic fabrics under various stretches using image processing techniques. An attempt has also been made to understand the trend of the stretch behaviour of elastic knitted fabrics under different loads and the relationship between extension percentage and the liquid spreading of fabrics. Polyester fabric shows high transverse wicking rate and longer saturating time than the other two samples. Also the result shows that the area of transverse wicking of polyester/elastane knitted fabric is directly proportional to the time and inversely proportional to the load and elastane content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clothing comfort is determined by multiple material and design factors. Wetness at the skin-clothing interface mainly impacts wear comfort. The current study investigated the combined effect of fabric contact area, fabric absolute sweat content and fabric moisture saturation percentage on wetness and stickiness sensations, during exercise. Moreover, factors causing wear (dis)comfort during exercise were identified. Higher fabric saturation percentage induced greater stickiness sensation, despite lower fabric contact area and absolute sweat content (typically associated with lower stickiness). Wetness perception did not change between fabrics with different saturation percentages, contact areas and sweat contents. Therefore, fabric saturation percentage mainly affects stickiness sensation of wet fabrics, overruling the impact of fabric contact area and absolute sweat content. No overall model of wear discomfort across all data could be developed, however, models for different time points were produced, with texture and stickiness sensations being the best predictors of wear discomfort at baseline and during exercise, respectively. This suggests that the factors determining clothing (dis)comfort are dynamics and alter importance during exercise activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we addressed potential biases which can occur when sensorial scores of temperature, wetness and discomfort are repeatedly reported, in transient exercise conditions. We pointed out that, when repeatedly reported, previous sensorial scores can be set by the participants as reference values and the subsequent score may be given based on the previous point of reference, the latter phenomenon leading to a bias which we defined as ‘anchoring bias’. Indeed, the findings shown that subsequent sensorial scores are prone to anchoring biases and that the bias consisted in a systematically higher magnitude of sensation as compared to when reported a single time only. As such, the study allowed recognition, quantification and mitigation of the identified bias which can improve the methodological rigour of research studies involving assessments of sensorial data in transient conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Son yıllarda tüketicilerin tekstil ürünlerinden beklentilerinin artması ve giysi tercihlerinde konforun ön sıralarda yer almaya başlamasıyla birlikte araştırmacılar ile tekstil ve hazır giyim üreticileri daha konforlu giysi sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi konusuna yoğunlaşmışlardır. Yapay sinir ağları sistemleri ise bu gelişmelere katkıda bulunmaya çalışan araştırma teknikleri arasında yer almaktadır.Literatürde, çeşitli kumaş parametreleri ile giyim konforu arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek amacıyla istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak birçok araştırma yapılmıştır. Ancak kullanılan istatistiksel yöntemlerde bazı kısıtlamalar bulunmaktadır. İstatistiksel modellemede karşılaşılan en yaygın problemlerden birisi giyim konforunu etkileyen farklı parametrelerin giyim konforu ile doğrusal olmayan ilişkisidir. Yapay sinir ağları sistemleri bütün parametrelerin ortaklaşa etkisini göz önünde bulundurarak tahminleme yapmaya çalışan yöntemlerden bir tanesi olarak bilinmektedir.Bu çalışma kapsamında giyim konforunun tahminlenmesinde yapay sinir ağları sistemlerinin kullanımına yönelik bir literatür araştırması yapılmıştır.

A special design of clothing based on 'sombrero-effect' by inclined wedge providing shadow on the base material has been proposed and investigated analytically in this study to improve the thermo-physiological comfort under dry and hot environment. The design involves small strips of opaque surface on the base fabric of the outerwear to provide tiny shadows at an inclination. The analysis of the heat and mass transfer in the proposed design enables numerical prediction of cooling heat flow at skin surface level. The predicted values are then compared with experimental data by simulating the conditions using a vertical skin model. The effects of certain material properties, particularly the colour of fabric and type of fibre have been studied and the role of the important design parameter, such as 'shade angle' or the angle of inclined strips has been investigated experimentally. It is observed that the analytical framework of heat and mass transfer in such a system is able to give useful results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doğumla birlikte başlayan örtünme ihtiyacı, zaman içerisinde estetik gayesiyle çeşitlenmişve farklıgiysi gruplarıoluşmuştur. İç giyim, dışgiyim, üst giyim, özel amaçlıgiyim olarak sınıflandırılan bu giysiler arasında, sağlığıkoruyan, dışgiyime iyi bir görünüm kazandıran iç giyim ise günümüzde olduğu gibi geçmişte de önemli bir yere sahipti. Türk kültürünün önemli örneklerini oluşturan, sanatsal özellikteki geleneksel giysiler arasında, Konya iline ait kadın iç giyimleri de yansıttıklarıözellikler bakımından seçkin konumdadır. Ancak, geleneksel ve çağdaşkadın iç giyimleri giysi konforu açısından önemli özellikler sergilerken, üst ve dışgiyimdeki değişimin iç giyime de yansımasıyla, geçmişte kullanılanlar ile günümüzde kullanılanlar arasında farklılıklar olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu farklılıkların giysi konforu açısından belirlenmesi ve karşılaştırılmasıamacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada betimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında beşadet Konya merkez geleneksel kadın iç giyimi, beşadet çağdaşkadın iç giyimi ele alınmışve kullanılan malzeme, renk, uygulanan model ve kesim, üretim yöntemi ve dikiştekniği, süsleme tekniği gibi ergonomik özellikler gözlem fişleri aracılığıile incelenmiş, fotoğraflarla görsel olarak belgelenmiştir. Giysilerin ergonomik özellikleri dikkate alınarak tablolar oluşturulmuş, gözlem fişlerinden elde edilen bilgiler tablolara aktarılmıştır. Tablolardan elde edilen veriler ışığında sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılmışve bazıönerilerde bulunulmuştur.

In this study, a clothing comfort of straight jeans with different rize size was evaluated by only tactile sensation of male university students in their twenties during the squatting position. And clothing pressures at the knee, thigh and hip points were measured by the air-pack sensor system. The relationship between the sensory values for clothing comfort and clothing pressures at four points was studied by means of the correlation analysis. The results are as follows.(1)Sample(+2cm) whose rise size was longer than the standard sample was evaluated “comfortable” by them, (2)The “comfortable” feeling has a negative correlation with “tenseness and tightness” feelings at the knee point and the “tenseness” feeling at the inner thigh point. (3)The clothing comfort of straight jeans evaluated by them was affected by the clothing pressure at the inner and front of thigh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the increasing of consumers' expectations from textile products, researchers and producers of textile and apparel sectors focused on development of comfortable clothing systems. Artificial neural networks systems are research techniques that are trying to contribute to these developments. There are a lot of researches in literature about analysing relationship between clothing comfort and parameters of fabrics using statistical methods. On the other hand, there are some limitations in using them. One of the most common problems encountered in statistical modelling is non-linear relationship between clothing comfort and the parameters of fabrics. Artificial neural networks systems are known trying to make prediction considering all the impact of the parameters together. In this study, a literature research was performed about using artificial neural networks in prediction of clothing comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermo-physiological comfort in clothing mainly lies in moisture management, which often refers to the transport of both moisture vapor and liquid away from the body. Moisture management of fabrics is chiefly influenced by the thermal properties of those fabrics. In spite of the convincing properties that synthetic fabrics have, they are not much preferred because of their hydrophobic nature which provides less comfort to the wearer compared to the natural fabrics like cotton, wool, and silk. Previous studies report that the herbal finishes, which are eco-friendly in nature, improve the anti-microbial and other medicinal properties but very little or no work has been carried out on the comfort aspect of these fabrics. This work reports a study of the influence of two ecofriendly herbal finishes, Neem and Bermuda grass, on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of synthetic fabrics used in clothing. The herbal finishes were applied on to 100% Polyester and 50/50 Polyester/Acrylic blended fabrics. Prior to the application of finishes, the fabrics were given a pretreatment to achieve a better penetration and durability of the finishes. The finished fabrics were tested for the thermo-physiological comfort properties of Wicking, Water vapor permeability, and Thermal conductivity and the results were analyzed. It was revealed that both the Neem and Bermuda grass natural finishes considerably improved the moisture related properties and moderately reduced the thermal conductivity characteristics of the above synthetic fabrics. Durability to washing was also tested and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport is a necessary element for maintaining life in a healthier and more balanced way. There has been a rising trend of wearing sportswear in daily life besides sports. Developments in technology have raised expectations from sportswear. Individuals expect not only durability, design and being fashionable, but also demand performance and clothing comfort. This study aims to investigate university students’ awareness while buying sportswear. Professional sportsmen from Physical Education and Sports School students and Textile Engineering students having technical knowledge about clothes are included in this study. 100 students from each group were interviewed face to face. Results showed that Textile Engineering students pay more attention to technical characteristics due to their knowledge, however, aesthetic properties are revealed to be another important factor affecting buying decision. Buying decision of Physical Education and Sports School students is expected to be positively affected if they are given a seminar about raw material properties.

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore physical limitations and clothing problems among women with Rheumatoid arthritis and designing functional clothing according to their needs. Design: This study is designed to be qualitative in nature, where the researcher explores case studies of adult female with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore qualitative methods were used, employing data collection by in-depth interviews and observations. Period: The study was conducted in 2010-2012 in Lahore. Material & Methods: The present study gives a clear picture about clothing problems while donning and doffing, of adult females with rheumatoid arthritis and the need for adaptive clothing. Research process comprised of assessing clothing needs, providing comfort while donning and doffing through co-designing and evaluating comfort of an adaptive garment after wear trail of three weeks. The researcher did a detailed thematic analysis using predetermined codes to aid analysis, of all the information gathered from three female participants of the study. The researcher found what was missing in the clothing that the participants wore in their regular lives, and worked with them to find out what they wanted in the adaptive clothing that provides them comfort. Results: The adaptive clothing was a successful mean to satisfy the participant's needs and preferences in a better way. It was also found that the co-designing of the final product was a very effective means of doing so; adaptive clothing can offer arthritis women an easy, time saving and pain free way to dress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By immersion of the human body in very cold water, hypothermia occurs, followed by a incapacity of resistance to cold water and, in a very short period of time, a sensation of cold is felt at muscle and nerve level, thus losing the capacity of self-rscue and swimming. Another consequence of hypothermia is the risc of ventricular fibrilation and cardiac arrest.Similar costumes/ suits are made out of Lycra, ensuring it fits the figure, also its flotability and comfort. Another type of material, that protects swimmers during harsh meteorological and cold water conditions is neoprene. The paper presents studies regarding different clothing structures assigned to swimming and rescueing suits on the sea, in order to establish an optimal structure, providing human body comfort and protection. These are intended for the personnel from navy petroleum industry, by using them during transportation by hellicopter or by ship to the drilling platform and for rescue in case of damage. For these reasons they should assure sea water impermeability, decreased thermal conductibility, strength to diluted solutions of petroleum-chemical products, reduced flammability level, mobility and flotability, as well as dressing in a short time. Comfort analyses were performed, for different clothing structures, in order to choose the optimal variant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of physical comfort experienced by a wearer under a given environmental condition is greatly influenced by the tactile, thermal and moisture transport properties of the fabric. The aim of this study is to identify the evaluating ways of comfort and physical properties of textile materials. It also describes the value of the measurements made by advanced instrumented measurement systems when used as part of comprehensive research program designed to explain human response to the wear comfort of functional clothing and materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the design of the robes of the "Lucian Blaga" University in Sibiu, continuing with the presentation of some aspects regarding the technological design. The robes are designed for specific University ceremonies (receiving delegates from other universities, opening the academic year, festive courses, offering "Doctor", "Doctor Honoris Causa" or "Senator of Honor" titles). They are for persons receiving the titles mentioned above, professors from the university management (president, rector, pro-rectors, deans, scientific secretary, and senators of the university) and graduates. The components of the robes are described, with particularizations by their user. Also, for the technological design phase, the main operations of mechanical and manual sewing are given. It is mentioned that for each manufacturing sheet, a technological sheet is made. Because the number of technological sheets is high, this parer presents only one sheet for one of the most complex manufacturing operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents studies regarding the comfort ensured by the swimming or sea rescue suits and the offshore or marine transportes working suits. The overall comfort index is determined based on the analisys of: air flow resistance values, vapour passage resistance and thermal resistance for these clothing ensembles used in different environmental conditions. Taking into consideration: the values of this index, the limits of the comfort parameters and on the basis of the graphics made, there can be chosen the best solution for both types of products to survive at sea, and also it could be indicated from the beginning the materials these products will be made of. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four greige cotton denim fabrics differing in weight per unit area have been subjected to five different finishing treatments. Physical and structural properties of these fabrics have been determined to assess their influence on warm-cool feeling to touch of the fabrics. It is observed that the lighter fabrics made of finer count yarns are cooler as compared to thicker fabrics. Higher pick density leads to an increase in q-max value and therefore the cool feeling. Washing treatments in general show a positive influence on cool feeling, while thickness, bulk density and cover factor show the reverse effect. q-max is found to be higher for fabrics with reduced geometric roughness or increased smoothness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal comfort characteristics of light weight bamboo-cotton blended apparel fabrics have been studied in relation to fibre composition, yarn linear density and spinning mode. The experimental results show that a denser fabric has higher thermal insulation, higher absorbency and yields higher air and water vapour permeabilities. The fabrics made from the MJS yarns display considerably higher air and water vapour permeabilities, higher thermal resistance and lower wickability as compared to their ring-spun counterparts. With increasing second jet pressure, the air and water vapour permeabilities improve initially but deteriorate thereafter as the second jet pressure is further raised beyond a particular level. Analysis of the fibre-mix reveals that the 70:30 bamboo-cotton fabrics are relatively less air and water vapour permeable, less thermal resistant and exhibit higher wickability than their 48:52 bamboo-cotton couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of spinning conditions on the comfort characteristics of woven cotton fabrics have been investigated. It is observed that the comfort characteristics of cotton fabrics are greatly influenced by the yarn structural variants. The yarn structure has a large effect on the fabric comfort. Twist factor and spindle speed influence the fabric comfort by modifying the yam hairiness, packing coefficient and diameter. In woven fabrics, a systematic increase in spinning draft substantially alters the air and water vapour permeabilities and hence, the comfort level. For all experimental combinations, the compact-spun yarn fabrics possess poor thermal resistance, better air & water vapour permeabilities, and lower wickability & absorbency than the ring-spun yarn fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]