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Agritouristic guesthouse expansion in Romania has been influenced by the interaction between legislative and economic conditions. In this comparative study, we examine the northwestern and northeaster development regions through a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) in order to gain insight into how these factors affect the expansion of agritourism. The objective is to measure the impact of regulatory frameworks and economic landscapes on the establishment and evolution of agritourism businesses. Final findings reveal distinct regulatory environments, accessibility of finance, and market dynamics across regions. On the practical level, this research highlights the importance of legislative and economic conditions in stimulating or hindering the development of agritourism. The findings provide strategic insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to enhance sustainable growth in the agritourism sector, focusing on targeted responses adapted to regional challenges and opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The units with tourist functions in Romania have a variable duration of activity resulting from the actions of different factors, but which can be analysed mathematically through survival analysis models. The number of establishments offering accommodation for tourism purposes in Romania exceeds 22,000, and the data indicated by the Ministry of Economy, Entrepreneurship and Tourism on the companies that manage them are the inputs of the study. These allowed for the creation of a statistical database showing the total operating time from establishment to the present or to the cessation of activity. Grouping was carried out according to the type of establishment, the location of the companies in rural or urban areas, their belonging to a geographical region of Romania and classification according to the comfort category. The drawing up of evolution curves describing the probability of survival of the establishments, distinctly for the groups mentioned, and the statistical analysis to establish the significance of the differences between the groups provide information that allows for determining and understanding how certain factors influence the chances of survival of the tourist establishment. The type of accommodation unit, the region of development in which the unit is located and the category of comfort are the factors that have a statistically significant influence on the probability of survival of these units. The location of tourism units in rural or urban areas is not a relevant factor. Knowledge of the actions of these factors allows for optimising the measures taken at the start of an activity in the tourism industry. These can result in improving the survivability of tourism. Sustainable tourism involves developing and supporting different forms of tourism by implementing activity management at both the accommodation unit level and at the locality, regional or whole tourist area level. The survival and continuity of the tourism business on the market and, at the same time, respect for the natural, social and economic integrity of the environment can ensure the rational exploitation of natural and cultural resources for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic farming is developing as a sustainable alternative to intensive, conventional farming practice based on increasing yields, by maximizing the use of production factors to continuously increase agricultural production. Organic farming is, now, appreciated because it eliminates chemicals and produces health food with a positive impact on the environment. Sustainable development requires a healthy life due to responsible food production and consumption. These goals can be achieved in a food system where producers contribute through moral behaviours and where consumers are informed. All these aspects are gaining increasing importance at European and global level in the context of sustainable development. Considering these aspects, we carried out this research with reference to the interest of the inhabitants of the Western Romania for ecological products. The analysis of the data, obtained from the field application of a questionnaire and their interpretation, shows that, in Romania, although the area cultivated in the organic system is still small, there is an increased interest in the organic farming system both on the part of farmers and on the part of consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural mountain areas and their local communities have been subject to research interest over time due to their large amount of available resources, but also their problems. The strategy for some of the rural mountain communities to simultaneously preserve and capitalize on the local resources sustainably is to combine traditional activities with those related to hospitality and recreation in the form of rural tourism activity. In this context, we have used a case study to examine development in a rural mountain community through tourism activities; the study site is the rural mountain area of Bihor County in the Apuseni Mountains, which has outstanding, but untapped, potential for development. In this paper, we address the centralization of representative resources on each component community of the chosen area, concrete information related to the current stage of the development and performance of the activity directly from those involved in the coordination of the activity (rural tourism entrepreneurs) using a specific questionnaire, and proposals for possible directions/strategies to ensure future development of this communities through rural tourism activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agritourism can be a way of "saving"/supporting a rural area and its authentic resources, and in the case of the Bukovina area, the authenticity degree of its current resources is high. Some of the resources in this area create a sense of "celebrity" among tourists and, at the same time, offer the possibility of bringing some original and authentic products to the tourist market. The purpose of this study is to present an analysis of the Bukovina area in order to analyze the impact of this activity on the local community, pursuing the following specific objectives: identifying the development degree of agritourism activity and the particularities of the agritourism product offered; identifying the motivation behind and impact of this activity, as well as obtaining proposals from those directly involved in the agritourism field; analyzing the extent to which agritourism is a means of capitalizing on local resources and identifying the impact generated over time; and identifying benefits and future directions and their impact on the local community. The case-study method was used to support the research. Based on the research carried out, proposals are made in order to ensure that agritourism activity becomes a possible tool to generate sustainability for the local community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public services market is closely linked to the involvement of the state in economic and social life. The extent and modalities of involvement varies from one country to another, from one period to another are influenced by many specific factors concrete. With the involvement of the state in economic and social life goals should be considered or - declared or not - -especially those interventions effects on the community and individuals. The paper starts from the idea that public service education, the health care and social services ensures the physical and intellectual integrity of the individual, regardless of his income level. In democratic societies are more and more talking about education as the means of personal development, a service available to all, regardless of social class, religion, gender, and access to health care is considered a basic right of the individual. Medical services should be seen as a means by which many social objectives can be achieved in the long term ( equal opportunities, financial security during illness) not as simple care of the sick. The paper includes analysis related to: the structure of social protection in our country, the scope of these services, the relationship between social protection and poverty, the way and the degree to which social protection deepens or contribute to poverty reduction. The economic crisis triggered in Europe in 2008that also affects Romania, negatively influenced the evolution of social funds in key areas of public interest, education, health and social care. This results from: decreasing share of social spending in the state budget, decreasing share of these expenses in the total family budget due to lower purchasing power and thus the obligation of individual to reduce or waive some costs of this kind, central and local government bodies inability to meet certain service requirements such at the level of the population and especially low-income population groups. Located in the crisis situation the state must seek solutions to keep social services at an appropriate level because the quantity and quality of these services have an impact upon quality of life and standard of living of many individuals. The results of the analysis indicates us a reduced benefit for this type of service, in our country, with negative effects over the entire society. The conclusions aim to support the fact that social policy from our country is insufficient in relation to the real needs of the population, being strongly influenced by domestic economic situation and the size of the global economic crisis.

The current research was motivated by observed particularities of local communities and the necessity of local rural economy diversification. Development through rural tourism is a possible sustainable response that can be implemented in many of Europe's rural areas, including Marginimea Sibiului. Thus, the purpose of this research, and its main contribution, was to identify the specific features of the Marginimea Sibiului area and possible strategies for capitalizing on local resources through rural tourism activities. We also sought to understand the extent to which rural tourism is seen by the owners of tourist structures as a developmental possibility. We utilized a case study research method to address these questions. The research has major implications due to the questionnaires applied to the owners of rural tourism structures during August 2022, which allowed us to determine: the motivation of tourist structure owners to carry out tourism activity, the degree of development, aspects concerning the operation and management of the tourist structure, and future development and improvement of the owned products. Because the area is representative at the national level in terms of rural tourism activity, an X-ray was sketched after the conclusions were drawn, which issued some proposals for "mixing" the resources through rural tourist activities as a "presentation modality", which may potentially have favorable future consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hedonic pricing model posits that the price of a given product or service is an aggregate of several distinct characteristics that define it. In the context of tourism, this approach can be used to assess the prices of accommodations in a given area or market. This study explores the main determinants of tourism prices in the Brașov area of central Romania, a county that ranked as the second most visited area in Romania in 2021 based on the number of arrivals according to the ordinary least squares regression model on a sample of 398 accommodation units of different types. The main finding of this research paper is that prices are strongly influenced by luxury amenities and that prices tend to rise in lower-population-density areas, which we associate with rural areas. As previously noted in the literature, monetary values can be assigned to incremental changes in the independent variables, with the most significant changes deriving from the inclusion of spa, sauna and restaurant services in the tourism offer of accommodation units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By introducing, processing and interpreting the data from the questionnaires applied, asking three questions regarding the weekly consumption of meat and meat products from cattle and the amount of cattle meat monthly consumed, we found that regardless of age for both men and women a large number of respondents do not consume this type of meat. Men with age between 41-50, 51-60 years and over 60 years consume the largest amount of sausage, monthly 1-2 kg, but larger amounts consume the 21-30 age categories, which states that consumes more than 8.1 kilograms of cattle sausage monthly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many governments from European Union recognize the fact that agrotourism and rural tourism represents one way that can save the agriculture in that in the coming year's rural tourism and agrotourism will become representative elements for rural area, the arguments of this representativity being the purpose of this paper. The rural area offers great opportunities for development of agrotourism, practicing of its being necessary in the current period. At the majority of rural settlements, the defining emblematic is multiple: the quality of landscape and warmth of the inhabitants, works of art and popular technique, traditional occupations, costumes, customs, traditions, cuisine, resources, etc. To these is added also the awareness, by small farmers, of the need to diversify agricultural activity, both in and outside the farm, by engaging in other activities, with non-agricultural character, from which agrotourism is one of the most circulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Christian tourism is a sub-type of tourism where pilgrims travel alone or in group as missionaries or pilgrims or to spend their free time to recollect; it attracts a large number of travellers. Christian tourism can be practiced by religious young people, missionaries, participants to religious convents, amateurs of religious cruises, religious camps, visitors of religious attractions, religious adventurers. Christian tourism can be considered a sub-type of religious tourism because of the large number of people involved in this type of tourism worldwide. Christian tourism as a sub-category of religious tourism covers three main sub-types: traditional pilgrimage practiced by most world religions, missionary travel to different areas in the world, and confessional voyage. The structure of hospitality industry is common to all types of tourism but, for traditional pilgrimage, there must be special places for the pilgrims to sleep, eat and pray, because they belong, in most cases, to the medium-income tourist category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowing the profile of hunting tourism consumers is particularly useful to the administrators of hunting funds or natural parks, and of travel agencies that develop hunting tourism products for the hunting of large game for trophy, of small game as recreational activity and also for the experienced hunting tourists who love adventure and hunting with traditional weapons. The motivation for hunting consists in the existing fauna in a certain area, but there are also cultural, historical reasons or spending time in the middle of nature. Consumers of hunting tourism have a wide range of ages: hunting tourists prefer watching the animals in their natural habitat and are less adventure-oriented, unlike trophy hunting tourists who are self-contended, travel much and wish to know the history, the culture and the behaviour of animals in protected areas. They prefer special accommodation and transport conditions and rely on large incomes: they wish to get the rarest trophies to display back home as a symbol of their hunting skills and courage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popularity of rural areas, as a possibility to spend the vacation has increased in recent years, in most countries. Changes in attitudes were parallel with changes in European styles to taking the holidays, but also in preferences to return to nature, and various local products. At the European level there is a large interest for the development of agrotourism and its ability to contribute to the development of rural areas, therefore there are countries that have made from agrotourism a lifestyle and additional incomes with witch that pride. Based on this statement this paper follows agrotourism activity in several European countries, considered most representative: Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indifferent of activity field, the manager is a key person, on which depends the future of the organization, human welfare, and especially efficient management of resources on which the company depends. In other words, we can say that the manager is for the organization, what the conductor is for the orchestra. For the success of a company's the greatest merit comes, undoubtedly,, to the manager, because he chooses his team, organizes it and coordinates as best as he can to achieve the proposed goals. A good manager leaves nothing to chance, for that, he must be daily trained, to establish realistic objectives, so that the organization he leads, over time, come to occupy a leading position in the market. One of its most important tasks is to discover the arising problems and solve them before they turn into crises. The secret to have success in any management position is knowing how to relate, how to communicate and how to evaluate your employees correctly. Therefore we can say with good reason that the manager is the key factor in an organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the forms of rural tourism, agrotourism is the one that, lately, is developing stronger evolution and enjoy more attention. Ongoing forms of agrotourism are from simply hosting to the profiling the whole system of agro-livestock production in agrotourist purpose. Three components are essential in agrotourism: namely territory represents "raw material" for agrotourism; agrotourist products that must be as authentic and quality; the people responsible for carrying out this activity, farmers. Specialists consider that, local rural communities will have more success in the future, in creation new agrotourist products through witch they ensure the capitalization of their own or local products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The moment heat appears after farrowing depending on milking duration also depends on farrowing parity: the longer the milking duration, the shorter the anoestrus is. In females with oestrum during lactation, we could see that, in primiparous females heat appeared 14.8±1.2 days post partum; the shortest interval between farrowing and heat appearance in milking females was 8.5±0.2 days in primiparous females, while the longest interval was 26.5±1.7 days in pluriparous females. No matter the age category, the highest prolificacy was in females weaned after 28 days of milking, i.e. a mean value of 11.10±2.11 piglets/farrowing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve some reproduction indices, we need to implement a farm management that uses at optimum levels the artificial insemination time depending on oestrus period in sows because in the classical oestrus identification programme there are significant differences between fecundity and prolificacy in oestrus females identified as such and artificially inseminated in the morning. In our management programme, females identified in oestrus twice a day and artificially inseminated at shorter time intervals produced higher fecundity indices (88.90±2.51 compared to 87.40±1.25) with similar prolificacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food quality and human health influences contemporary life. Today more than ever, quality products to be safe in terms of food to meet the needs and innocuity became major values for all producers, processors, distributors, especially for food consumers who are becoming more aware that their health depends on the quality of the food they consume. The paper recently a case study in a Romanian company in the dairy industry and the manufacture of dairy products, and all commercial operations the object of transaction milk and milk products, a small company that combines managed but we consider traditionalism ( the products we offer to the market ) modernism ( European requirements, quick marketing, producer - client relationship etc). This paper analyzes the emergence and development aspects of the company, implementing and upgrading production technology, issues related to the introduction of quality management, promotion and sale of products, customer relations, etc. We believe that SC HELVETICA MILK SRL, the constant concern of food safety, raw material procurement stage till marketing - customer satisfaction by offering quality products and thereby ensure customer loyalty. In conclusion, we believe the company is a successful example of business succces Romanian food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently tourism activity is rising, and the fierce competition between destinations, plus the stress conditions of the present time makes, lately, searching rural areas for rest and recreation to be a general trend in world practice of current tourism. In this context, each community has a chance of developing it, but to accomplishing it must highlight the valences through competitive agrotourist products. The content of agrotourist product involves complex packages of products and services, both from the "base" area and in the "entertainment" area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, with globalization of markets has become an obvious fact, when the supply of basic needs is done all over the world and traditional relationship based on trust between producers and consumers has become increasingly blurred, implementation and compliance with European regulations on quality and food safety have become imperative . The paper is based on analysis of indicators on production, processing and import-export activities related to milk Romanian industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fecundity registered by the females housed in group boxes, with different capacities, has an average of 85.11 ± 1.48, the best results obtained for females housed in boxes with a capacity of 7 heads, 87.39 ± 1, 47. The proportion of pregnant female at 28 days after artificial insemination decreases with increasing number of animals housed in boxes, so in the case of the animals kept in boxes of 14 animals, fecundity at 28 days was 84.17 ± 0, 93, and in the case of animals kept in boxes with capacity of 28 animals, the fecundity at 28 days was 83.76 ± 2.05. The difference between fecundity recorded in case of animals maintained in boxes of 7 heads was significant compared to fecundity of animals maintained in boxes with 14 and 28 heads (χ2 test p <0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]