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Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(HUCMSCs) in cerebral palsy (CP) mice. Methods The exosomes from HUCMSCs were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analyzer(NTA) and Western blot. The animals were randomly divided as sham operation group (sham group, n=8), model group[CP group, n=8, hypoxic induction after unilateral common carotid artery ligation combined with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) infection] and model exosome group (CP-Exo group, n=8, 125 μg exosomes was injected intravenously). Neuromotor function, the ability of grasping and balance were evaluated by Longa score, grid test and pole climbing test. The pathological lesion in brain tissue was observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, the synaptic structure of neurons was observed by TEM, the survival of neurons was detected by toluidine blue staining, and the expression levels of PSD-95 and synaptophysin (SYP) were detected by Western blot. Results The exosomes isolated were spherical and double-membrane vesicles with an average particle size of 123nm, which expressed TSG101 protein. In animal behavior tests, Longa score in CP group was significantly higher than sham group(P＜0.01) and CP-Exo group (P＜ 0.05). There was no plaque necrosis found in exosome group and the incidence of nerve fiber demyelination in the white matter area was significantly reduced than in the CP group (P＜0.01). The synaptic structure of the sham group was relatively normal, while the other two groups showed varying degrees of pathological changes. The general trend of pathological changes was CP group＞CP-Exo group＞ sham group. The number of Nissl bodies in hippocampal pyramidal cells in CP group was significantly less than that in sham group(P＜0.01), however, which was also less than that in CP-Exo group (P＜ 0.01). The expression of PSD-95 and SYP in CP group was significantly lower than that in sham group (P＜0.01), and the levels PSD-95 and SYP in CP-Exo group was significantly higher than those in CP group(P＜0.01). Conclusions HUCMSCs exosomes can promote the recovery of neural function of cerebral palsy mice, reduce synaptic damage and protect neuron cells by increasing the expression of PSD-95 and SYP.

Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cell(MSC-EXOs)carry lipids,proteins,nucleic acids and other signaling substances, which play an important role in intercellular communication, immune regulation and vascular regeneration. MSC-EXOs in pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis and other lung diseases can improve the function of the lung tissue and treat lung diseases by regulating different signaling pathways, reducing cell inflammatory reaction, regulating immune function, improving the function of mitochondria, promoting angiogenesis, reducing pulmonary vascular remodeling and etc.,which provides new ideas for the treatment of refractory lung diseases in the future.

Background and purpose: The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has increased annually with the popularity of mammography screening. However, current treatment strategies are mostly based on the results of prospective randomized clinical trials in western countries. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, recurrence patterns and prognostic factors of Chinese DCIS patients, hoping to optimize clinical decision-making. Methods: Medical records of 1 185 DCIS patients treated in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from January 2008 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the COX proportional hazards regression model. Results: With a median follow-up of 61 months, 50 treatment failure events were observed, including 16 locoregional recurrences, 30 contralateral breast cancer events and 4 distant metastases. The 5-year OS rate, LRFS rate and DFS rate were 99.9%, 98.7% and 96.6%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the positive status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) was related to higher risk of local recurrence and the LRFS rate was poor (P=0.029). Conclusion: The patient with DCIS was associated with favorable prognosis. HER2 positivity was the risk factor for poor LRFS.

The ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide is a crucial route for producing biodegradable polylactides (PLAs). Developing an efficient catalyst for this process poses significant challenges. Herein, we report the successful incorporation of nickel during the crystallization of ZIF-67, the derivation of the abundant and stable CoO source, to obtain the composite magnetic Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 using the solid-state thermal (SST) method. The characterization of the resulting materials revealed that nickel atoms are well dispersed in the composite CoO@ZIF-67, imparting additional magnetic properties. The composite Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 demonstrated superior performance as a heterogeneous catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide compared to reference materials such as Ni-Hmim, CoO, ZIF-67, and CoO@ZIF-67. Furthermore, the magnetic property of Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 offers practical advantages, enabling easier separation and recycling of the catalyst. Notably, the SST method facilitates the single-step synthesis of composite magnetic Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 under solvent-free conditions, representing a significant advancement in catalyst development. This approach not only simplifies the synthesis process but also inspires further developments of heterogeneous magnetic catalysts for a variety of effective and diverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the development of predictive biomarkers for radiotherapy outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The study integrates the Radiosensitivity Index (RSI) with the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) TNBC classification to identify a specific TNBC subpopulation that exhibits radioresistance and an increased risk of local recurrence post-radiotherapy. The study identifies the SERPINB5 gene as a potential therapeutic target for radioresistance in high-risk TNBC patients. The research also reveals distinct immunological profiles in TNBC patients with radioresistant tumors, highlighting the importance of immune modulation in radioresistance. The study concludes that the integration of RSI and FUSCC TNBC subtypes can refine recurrence risk assessment and inform personalized radiotherapy approaches for high-risk TNBC patients. [Extracted from the article]

Nano molding technology (NMT) has shown great potential in the preparation of metal/resin composites, which can integrate resin and metal into a lightweight, high-strength metal matrix composite. However, due to the poor interfacial bonding strength between metal and polymer, the application of the metal/polymer composites is limited. In this paper, we proposed a novel method to improve the bonding strength between Fe–Co–Ni alloy and epoxy resin by Nano Perfusion Technology (NPT), featuring in situ growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the pores on anodized Fe–Co–Ni alloy porous surface, followed by a perfusion of epoxy resin throughout the pores that had been in situ grown CNTs. Due to the “anchor effect” of CNTs, the bonding strength between the epoxy and the alloy matrix is improved. The results showed that the interfacial bonding between the in situ CNTs-modified alloy and the resin was significantly improved compared to the metal-resin composites surface treated with T-treatment in traditional method of NMT. The maximum interfacial bonding force of the alloy-CNTs/epoxy composite reached up to 691.80 N, which was 460, 315, and 267% higher than those by mechanical treatment, without CNTs and T-treatment, respectively. This work provides a new approach to protect metals or alloys from environmental corrosion, impact damage, and so on.

Microwave-absorbing materials with good microwave absorption performance are of great interest for military applications and human health, which is threatened by electromagnetic radiation pollution. Herein, the design and synthesis of multi-componential metal-hybridized graphene composites via freeze drying and pyrolysis of ferrocene hydrazone complex precursor are reported. Various magnetic nanoparticles are loaded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via controlling their pyrolysis temperature. The complex electromagnetic parameters of these hybrids are therefore regulated by the hybrid components. Among them, rGO hybridized by the sea-island-like Fe2O3/Fe3O4/FeNi3 multi-componential metals shows a good balance of dielectric and magnetic constants. Thus, the improved impedance matching with free space brings about a superior electromagnetic wave absorption performance, especially on the effective absorption bandwidth. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the hybrids is as low as −40.3 dB at 11 GHz with the RL bandwidth of −10 dB being 4.55 GHz (from 9.25 to 13.8 GHz).