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1. Pembrolizumab induces HIV latency reversal in people living with HIV and cancer on antiretroviral therapy

Author

Uldrick, Thomas S, Adams, Scott V, Fromentin, Remi, Roche, Michael, Fling, Steven P, Gonçalves, Priscila H, Lurain, Kathryn, Ramaswami, Ramya, Wang, Chia-Ching Jackie, Gorelick, Robert J, Welker, Jorden L, O'Donoghue, Liz, Choudhary, Harleen, Lifson, Jeffrey D, Rasmussen, Thomas A, Rhodes, Ajantha, Tumpach, Carolin, Yarchoan, Robert, Maldarelli, Frank, Cheever, Martin A, Sékaly, Rafick, Chomont, Nicolas, Deeks, Steven G, and Lewin, Sharon R

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Genetics, Cancer, HIV/AIDS, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Infection, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Neoplasms, Phylogeny, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, RNA, Virus Latency, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Medical biotechnology, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

In people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART), virus persists in a latent form where there is minimal transcription or protein expression. Latently infected cells are a major barrier to curing HIV. Increasing HIV transcription and viral production in latently infected cells could facilitate immune recognition and reduce the pool of infected cells that persist on ART. Given that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expressing CD4+ T cells are preferentially infected with HIV in PLWH on ART, we aimed to determine whether administration of antibodies targeting PD-1 would reverse HIV latency in vivo. We therefore evaluated the impact of intravenous administration of pembrolizumab every 3 weeks on HIV latency in 32 PLWH and cancer on ART. After the first infusion of anti-PD-1, we observed a median 1.32-fold increase in unspliced HIV RNA and 1.61-fold increase in unspliced RNA:DNA ratio in sorted blood CD4+ T cells compared to baseline. We also observed a 1.65-fold increase in plasma HIV RNA. The frequency of CD4+ T cells with inducible virus evaluated using the tat/rev limiting dilution assay was higher after 6 cycles compared to baseline. Phylogenetic analyses of HIV env sequences in a participant who developed low concentrations of HIV viremia after 6 cycles of pembrolizumab did not demonstrate clonal expansion of HIV-infected cells. These data are consistent with anti-PD-1 being able to reverse HIV latency in vivo and support the rationale for combining anti-PD-1 with other interventions to reduce the HIV reservoir.

Published
2022

2. IL-7 expands lymphocyte populations and enhances immune responses to sipuleucel-T in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC)

Author

Pachynski, Russell K, Morishima, Chihiro, Szmulewitz, Russell, Harshman, Lauren, Appleman, Leonard, Monk, Paul, Bitting, Rhonda L, Kucuk, Omer, Millard, Frederick, Seigne, John D, Fling, Steven P, Maecker, Holden T, Duault, Caroline, Ramchurren, Nirasha, Hess, Bruce, D’Amico, Leonard, Lacroix, Andreanne, Kaiser, Judith C, Morre, Michel, Grégoire, Anne, Cheever, Martin, Yu, Evan Y, and Fong, Lawrence

Subjects
Cancer, Immunization, Urologic Diseases, Vaccine Related, Prostate Cancer, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Cohort Studies, Humans, Interleukin-7, Lymphocyte Activation, Lymphocytes, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neutrophils, Prospective Studies, Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant, Recombinant Proteins, Tissue Extracts, prostatic neoplasms, clinical trials as topic, immunotherapy, cytokines, T-lymphocytes
Abstract

Sipuleucel-T (sip-T) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved autologous cellular immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We hypothesized that combining sip-T with interleukin (IL)-7, a homeostatic cytokine that enhances both B and T cell development and proliferation, would augment and prolong antigen-specific immune responses against both PA2024 (the immunogen for sip-T) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). Fifty-four patients with mCRPC treated with sip-T were subsequently enrolled and randomized 1:1 into observation (n=26) or IL-7 (n=28) arms of a phase II clinical trial (NCT01881867). Recombinant human (rh) IL-7 (CYT107) was given weekly×4. Immune responses were evaluated using flow cytometry, mass cytometry (CyTOF), interferon (IFN)-γ ELISpot, 3H-thymidine incorporation, and ELISA. Treatment with rhIL-7 was well tolerated. For the rhIL-7-treated, but not observation group, statistically significant lymphocyte subset expansion was found, with 2.3-2.6-fold increases in CD4+T, CD8+T, and CD56bright NK cells at week 6 compared with baseline. No significant differences in PA2024 or PAP-specific T cell responses measured by IFN-γ ELISpot assay were found between rhIL-7 and observation groups. However, antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses and humoral IgG and IgG/IgM responses significantly increased over time in the rhIL-7-treated group only. CyTOF analyses revealed pleiotropic effects of rhIL-7 on lymphocyte subsets, including increases in CD137 and intracellular IL-2 and IFN-γ expression. While not powered to detect clinical outcomes, we found that 31% of patients in the rhIL-7 group had prostate specific antigen (PSA) doubling times of >6 months, compared with 14% in the observation group. Treatment with rhIL-7 led to a significant expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells compared with observation after treatment with sip-T. The rhIL-7 treatment also led to improved antigen-specific humoral and T cell proliferative responses over time as well as to increased expression of activation markers and beneficial cytokines. This is the first study to evaluate the use of rhIL-7 after sip-T in patients with mCRPC and demonstrates encouraging results for combination approaches to augment beneficial immune responses.

Published
2021

3. Three-year survival, correlates and salvage therapies in patients receiving first-line pembrolizumab for advanced Merkel cell carcinoma

Author

Nghiem, Paul, Bhatia, Shailender, Lipson, Evan J, Sharfman, William H, Kudchadkar, Ragini R, Brohl, Andrew S, Friedlander, Philip A, Daud, Adil, Kluger, Harriet M, Reddy, Sunil A, Boulmay, Brian C, Riker, Adam, Burgess, Melissa A, Hanks, Brent A, Olencki, Thomas, Kendra, Kari, Church, Candice, Akaike, Tomoko, Ramchurren, Nirasha, Shinohara, Michi M, Salim, Bob, Taube, Janis M, Jensen, Erin, Kalabis, Mizuho, Fling, Steven P, Moreno, Blanca Homet, Sharon, Elad, Cheever, Martin A, and Topalian, Suzanne L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Immunology, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Cancer, Clinical Research, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Carcinoma, Merkel Cell, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Progression-Free Survival, Salvage Therapy, Skin Neoplasms, Time Factors, skin neoplasms, immunotherapy, programmed cell death 1 receptor, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer associated with poor survival. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors have shown high rates of durable tumor regression compared with chemotherapy for MCC. The current study was undertaken to assess baseline and on-treatment factors associated with MCC regression and 3-year survival, and to explore the effects of salvage therapies in patients experiencing initial non-response or tumor progression after response or stable disease following first-line pembrolizumab therapy on Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network-09/KEYNOTE-017.MethodsIn this multicenter phase II trial, 50 patients with advanced unresectable MCC received pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks for ≤2 years. Patients were followed for a median of 31.8 months.ResultsOverall response rate to pembrolizumab was 58% (complete response 30%+partial response 28%; 95% CI 43.2 to 71.8). Among 29 responders, the median response duration was not reached (NR) at 3 years (range 1.0+ to 51.8+ months). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16.8 months (95% CI 4.6 to 43.4) and the 3-year PFS was 39.1%. Median OS was NR; the 3-year OS was 59.4% for all patients and 89.5% for responders. Baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, greater per cent tumor reduction, completion of 2 years of treatment and low neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with response and longer survival. Among patients with initial disease progression or those who developed progression after response or stable disease, some had extended survival with subsequent treatments including chemotherapies and immunotherapies.ConclusionsThis study represents the longest available follow-up from any first-line anti-programmed death-(ligand) 1 (anti-PD-(L)1) therapy in MCC, confirming durable PFS and OS in a proportion of patients. After initial tumor progression or relapse following response, some patients receiving salvage therapies survived. Improving the management of anti-PD-(L)1-refractory MCC remains a challenge and a high priority.Trial registration numberNCT02267603.

Published
2021

4. Durable Tumor Regression and Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma Receiving Pembrolizumab as First-Line Therapy

Author

Nghiem, Paul, Bhatia, Shailender, Lipson, Evan J, Sharfman, William H, Kudchadkar, Ragini R, Brohl, Andrew S, Friedlander, Phillip A, Daud, Adil, Kluger, Harriet M, Reddy, Sunil A, Boulmay, Brian C, Riker, Adam I, Burgess, Melissa A, Hanks, Brent A, Olencki, Thomas, Margolin, Kim, Lundgren, Lisa M, Soni, Abha, Ramchurren, Nirasha, Church, Candice, Park, Song Y, Shinohara, Michi M, Salim, Bob, Taube, Janis M, Bird, Steven R, Ibrahim, Nageatte, Fling, Steven P, Moreno, Blanca Homet, Sharon, Elad, Cheever, Martin A, and Topalian, Suzanne L

Subjects
Cancer, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, 6.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, B7-H1 Antigen, Carcinoma, Merkel Cell, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Male, Middle Aged, Pneumonia, Progression-Free Survival, Remission Induction, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, Skin Neoplasms, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract

PURPOSE:Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer often caused by the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Clinical trials of programmed cell death-1 pathway inhibitors for advanced MCC (aMCC) demonstrate increased progression-free survival (PFS) compared with historical chemotherapy data. However, response durability and overall survival (OS) data are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS:In this multicenter phase II trial (Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network-09/Keynote-017), 50 adults naïve to systemic therapy for aMCC received pembrolizumab (2 mg/kg every 3 weeks) for up to 2 years. Radiographic responses were assessed centrally per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. RESULTS:Among 50 patients, the median age was 70.5 years, and 64% had Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive tumors. The objective response rate (ORR) to pembrolizumab was 56% (complete response [24%] plus partial response [32%]; 95% CI, 41.3% to 70.0%), with ORRs of 59% in virus-positive and 53% in virus-negative tumors. Median follow-up time was 14.9 months (range, 0.4 to 36.4+ months). Among 28 responders, median response duration was not reached (range, 5.9 to 34.5+ months). The 24-month PFS rate was 48.3%, and median PFS time was 16.8 months (95% CI, 4.6 months to not estimable). The 24-month OS rate was 68.7%, and median OS time was not reached. Although tumor viral status did not correlate with ORR, PFS, or OS, there was a trend toward improved PFS and OS in patients with programmed death ligand-1-positive tumors. Grade 3 or greater treatment-related adverse events occurred in 14 (28%) of 50 patients and led to treatment discontinuation in seven (14%) of 50 patients, including one treatment-related death. CONCLUSION:Here, we present the longest observation to date of patients with aMCC receiving first-line anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy. Pembrolizumab demonstrated durable tumor control, a generally manageable safety profile, and favorable OS compared with historical data from patients treated with first-line chemotherapy.

Published
2019

7. Immunodynamics: a cancer immunotherapy trials network review of immune monitoring in immuno-oncology clinical trials

Author

Kohrt, Holbrook E, Tumeh, Paul C, Benson, Don, Bhardwaj, Nina, Brody, Joshua, Formenti, Silvia, Fox, Bernard A, Galon, Jerome, June, Carl H, Kalos, Michael, Kirsch, Ilan, Kleen, Thomas, Kroemer, Guido, Lanier, Lewis, Levy, Ron, Lyerly, H Kim, Maecker, Holden, Marabelle, Aurelien, Melenhorst, Jos, Miller, Jeffrey, Melero, Ignacio, Odunsi, Kunle, Palucka, Karolina, Peoples, George, Ribas, Antoni, Robins, Harlan, Robinson, William, Serafini, Tito, Sondel, Paul, Vivier, Eric, Weber, Jeff, Wolchok, Jedd, Zitvogel, Laurence, Disis, Mary L, Cheever, Martin A, and on behalf of the Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network (CITN)

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Immunology, Clinical Research, Vaccine Related, Immunization, Cancer, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Immunotherapy, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Biomarker, Clinical trial, Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

The efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted therapies in addition to anti-CTLA-4 solidifies immunotherapy as a modality to add to the anticancer arsenal. Despite raising the bar of clinical efficacy, immunologically targeted agents raise new challenges to conventional drug development paradigms by highlighting the limited relevance of assessing standard pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). Specifically, systemic and intratumoral immune effects have not consistently correlated with standard relationships between systemic dose, toxicity, and efficacy for cytotoxic therapies. Hence, PK and PD paradigms remain inadequate to guide the selection of doses and schedules, both starting and recommended Phase 2 for immunotherapies. The promise of harnessing the immune response against cancer must also be considered in light of unique and potentially serious toxicities. Refining immune endpoints to better inform clinical trial design represents a high priority challenge. The Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network investigators review the immunodynamic effects of specific classes of immunotherapeutic agents to focus immune assessment modalities and sites, both systemic and importantly intratumoral, which are critical to the success of the rapidly growing field of immuno-oncology.

Published
2016

8. PD-1 Blockade with Pembrolizumab in Advanced Merkel-Cell Carcinoma

Author

Nghiem, Paul T, Bhatia, Shailender, Lipson, Evan J, Kudchadkar, Ragini R, Miller, Natalie J, Annamalai, Lakshmanan, Berry, Sneha, Chartash, Elliot K, Daud, Adil, Fling, Steven P, Friedlander, Philip A, Kluger, Harriet M, Kohrt, Holbrook E, Lundgren, Lisa, Margolin, Kim, Mitchell, Alan, Olencki, Thomas, Pardoll, Drew M, Reddy, Sunil A, Shantha, Erica M, Sharfman, William H, Sharon, Elad, Shemanski, Lynn R, Shinohara, Michi M, Sunshine, Joel C, Taube, Janis M, Thompson, John A, Townson, Steven M, Yearley, Jennifer H, Topalian, Suzanne L, and Cheever, Martin A

Subjects
Cancer, Prevention, Clinical Research, 6.2 Cellular and gene therapies, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antineoplastic Agents, Carcinoma, Merkel Cell, Disease-Free Survival, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Recurrence, Skin Neoplasms, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundMerkel-cell carcinoma is an aggressive skin cancer that is linked to exposure to ultraviolet light and the Merkel-cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Advanced Merkel-cell carcinoma often responds to chemotherapy, but responses are transient. Blocking the programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune inhibitory pathway is of interest, because these tumors often express PD-L1, and MCPyV-specific T cells express PD-1.MethodsIn this multicenter, phase 2, noncontrolled study, we assigned adults with advanced Merkel-cell carcinoma who had received no previous systemic therapy to receive pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) at a dose of 2 mg per kilogram of body weight every 3 weeks. The primary end point was the objective response rate according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1. Efficacy was correlated with tumor viral status, as assessed by serologic and immunohistochemical testing.ResultsA total of 26 patients received at least one dose of pembrolizumab. The objective response rate among the 25 patients with at least one evaluation during treatment was 56% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35 to 76); 4 patients had a complete response, and 10 had a partial response. With a median follow-up of 33 weeks (range, 7 to 53), relapses occurred in 2 of the 14 patients who had had a response (14%). The response duration ranged from at least 2.2 months to at least 9.7 months. The rate of progression-free survival at 6 months was 67% (95% CI, 49 to 86). A total of 17 of the 26 patients (65%) had virus-positive tumors. The response rate was 62% among patients with MCPyV-positive tumors (10 of 16 patients) and 44% among those with virus-negative tumors (4 of 9 patients). Drug-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 15% of the patients.ConclusionsIn this study, first-line therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced Merkel-cell carcinoma was associated with an objective response rate of 56%. Responses were observed in patients with virus-positive tumors and those with virus-negative tumors. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and Merck; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02267603.).

Published
2016

10. Highlights of the society for immunotherapy of cancer (SITC) 27th annual meeting

Author

Stroncek, David F, Melief, Cornelis JM, Castiello, Luciano, Cesano, Alessandra, Cheever, Martin A, Civini, Sara, Comin-Anduix, Begonya, Gajewski, Thomas F, Greenberg, Philip D, Kalinski, Pawel, Kaufman, Howard L, Kershaw, Michael H, Khleif, Samir N, Marincola, Francesco, Merritt, William, Munn, David H, Powell, Daniel J, Restifo, Nicholas P, Rosenberg, Steven A, Puri, Raj K, Streicher, Howard, Szalay, Aladar A, Yee, Cassian, Zitvogel, Laurence, and Ribas, Antoni

Abstract

Abstract The 27th annual meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) was held on October 26–28, 2012 in North Bethesda, Maryland and the highlights of the meeting are summarized. The topics covered at this meeting included advances in cancer treatment using adoptive cell therapy (ACT), oncolytic viruses, dendritic cells (DCs), immune check point modulators and combination therapies. Advances in immune editing of cancer, immune modulation by cancer and the tumor microenvironment were also discussed as were advances in single cell analysis and the manufacture and potency testing of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).

Published
2013

13. Neoadjuvant Selicrelumab, an Agonist CD40 Antibody, Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Author

Byrne, Katelyn T., primary, Betts, Courtney B., additional, Mick, Rosemarie, additional, Sivagnanam, Shamilene, additional, Bajor, David L., additional, Laheru, Daniel A., additional, Chiorean, E. Gabriela, additional, O'Hara, Mark H., additional, Liudahl, Shannon M., additional, Newcomb, Craig, additional, Alanio, Cécile, additional, Ferreira, Ana P., additional, Park, Byung S., additional, Ohtani, Takuya, additional, Huffman, Austin P., additional, Väyrynen, Sara A., additional, Dias Costa, Andressa, additional, Kaiser, Judith C., additional, Lacroix, Andreanne M., additional, Redlinger, Colleen, additional, Stern, Martin, additional, Nowak, Jonathan A., additional, Wherry, E. John, additional, Cheever, Martin A., additional, Wolpin, Brian M., additional, Furth, Emma E., additional, Jaffee, Elizabeth M., additional, Coussens, Lisa M., additional, and Vonderheide, Robert H., additional

Published
2021
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14. Use of pembrolizumab with or without pomalidomide in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Author

Lurain, Kathryn, primary, Ramaswami, Ramya, additional, Mangusan, Ralph, additional, Widell, Anaida, additional, Ekwede, Irene, additional, George, Jomy, additional, Ambinder, Richard, additional, Cheever, Martin, additional, Gulley, James L, additional, Goncalves, Priscila H, additional, Wang, Hao-Wei, additional, Uldrick, Thomas S, additional, and Yarchoan, Robert, additional

Published
2021
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15. 263 Pleiotropic effects of IL-7 in prostate cancer patients receiving Sipuleucel-T vaccination

Author

Duault, Caroline, primary, Ramchurren, Nirasha, additional, Pachynski, Russell, additional, Fong, Lawrence, additional, Bendall, Sean, additional, Pichavant, Mina, additional, Sahaf, Bita, additional, Morishima, Chihiro, additional, D’Amico, Leonard, additional, Cheever, Martin, additional, Fling, Steven, additional, and Maecker, Holden, additional

Published
2020
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16. PD-1 and TIGIT coexpression identifies a circulating CD8 T cell subset predictive of response to anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Simon, Sylvain, primary, Voillet, Valentin, additional, Vignard, Virginie, additional, Wu, Zhong, additional, Dabrowski, Camille, additional, Jouand, Nicolas, additional, Beauvais, Tiffany, additional, Khammari, Amir, additional, Braudeau, Cécile, additional, Josien, Régis, additional, Adotevi, Olivier, additional, Laheurte, Caroline, additional, Aubin, François, additional, Nardin, Charles, additional, Rulli, Samuel, additional, Gottardo, Raphael, additional, Ramchurren, Nirasha, additional, Cheever, Martin, additional, Fling, Steven P, additional, Church, Candice D, additional, Nghiem, Paul, additional, Dreno, Brigitte, additional, Riddell, Stanley R, additional, and Labarriere, Nathalie, additional

Published
2020
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18. Abstract 6669: Cellular neighborhoods predict pembrolizumab response in cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Author

Schürch, Christian M., primary, Phillips, Darci J., additional, Gutierrez, Belén Rivero, additional, Matusiak, Magdalena, additional, Bhate, Salil S., additional, Barlow, Graham L., additional, Fling, Steven P., additional, Ramchurren, Nirasha, additional, Pierce, Robert H., additional, Cheever, Martin A., additional, Khodadoust, Michael S., additional, West, Robert, additional, Kim, Youn H., additional, and Nolan, Garry P., additional

Published
2020
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19. Dynamics of the Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma Microenvironment in Patients Treated with Pembrolizumab Revealed By Highly Multiplexed Tissue Imaging

Author

Schuerch, Christian M., primary, Phillips, Darci J., additional, Bhate, Salil S., additional, Barlow, Graham L., additional, Fling, Steven P, additional, Ramchurren, Nirasha, additional, Pierce, Robert, additional, Cheever, Martin A, additional, Khodadoust, Michael S., additional, Kim, Youn H., additional, and Nolan, Garry P., additional

Published
2019
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21. Abstract 4476: PD-1 and TIGIT co-expression identifies a circulating CD8 T cell population predictive of response to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma and Merkel-cell carcinoma patients

Author

Stanley R. Riddell, Régis Josien, Camille Dabrowski, Olivier Adotevi, Virginie Vignard, Nathalie Labarrière, Raphael Gottardo, Amir Khammari, Tiffany Beauvais, Valentin Voillet, Cécile Braudeau, Steven P. Fling, Nirasha Ramchurren, Charles Nardin, Cheever Martin, Samuel Rulli, Brigitte Dréno, Paul Nghiem, Zhong Wu, Caroline Laheurte, Francçois Aubin, Nicolas Jouand, Sylvain Simon, and Candice D. Church

Subjects
Cancer Research, education.field_of_study, Tumor microenvironment, business.industry, T cell, Melanoma, Population, Cancer, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, TIGIT, Cancer research, Medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, business, education, CD8
Abstract

Immunotherapies targeting the PD-1 pathway have profoundly transformed the clinical care of cancer patients for a growing variety of cancer types. However, most patients do not experience durable clinical benefit. The definition of robust and convenient biomarkers of PD-1 therapy efficacy to stratify patients beforehand or early after initiation of the therapy that could guide therapeutic management is still lacking while being a very active research field. Biomarkers described to date include tumor burden, neoantigen load, presence and number of PD-1+ CD8+ at the tumor margin, T-cell inflamed tumor microenvironment and PD-L1 expression by the tumor cells or other immune cells and composition of the gut microbiota. Most of these parameters are closely related/influenced by the presence, activation status and functional capacities of CD8+ T cells infiltrating the tumor site demonstrating their pivotal role for anti-PD-1 mediated anti-tumor efficacy. A population of PD-1high CD8 TILs was consequently described as predictive of PD-1 blockade in NSCLC. The exact contribution for clinical efficacy of TILs versus distinct CD8+ T cells from peripheral origins recirculating to the tumor site remains to be elucidated. Notably, immunological responses to PD-1 blockade at the periphery were described within the very first days following the first therapy dose. Therefore, describing circulating cellular population predictive of PD-1 inhibitor efficacy could represent a convenient, non-invasive and rapid method to assess anti-tumor benefits. Original findings reported in this study identified a circulating CD8 T cell population delineated by the co-expression of TIGIT and PD-1 inhibitory receptors as an early immune marker of anti-PD-1 efficacy in three independent cohorts of cancer patients (two melanoma patient's cohorts and one Merkel-cell carcinoma patient's cohort). The frequency of this double positive (DPOS) population even appeared predictive of PD-1 inhibitor therapy efficacy at baseline in the MCC cohort. Furthermore, to understand the mechanistical relevance of this subset for PD-1 blockade efficacy, we thoroughly described this DPOS T cell subset by flow cytometry, gene expression analysis, anti-tumor reactivity assay and TCR repertoire analysis, and compared it to its double negative (DNEG), PD-1 and TIGIT single positive counterparts. This DPOS subset was enriched in activated and proliferative T cells, retained expression of co-stimulatory molecules and was enriched for common features with Tfc. Moreover, this subpopulation exhibited a specific gene signature, strongly predictive of long-term survival in melanoma patients (TCGA analyses). We demonstrated that this subpopulation was enriched in tumor-specific T-cells (ELISPOT analysis against 11 antigen-derived peptides). Finally, clustering of TCR clonotypes revealed that the DPOS T cell population was significantly enriched in emerging clonotypes in responding patients, after 1 month of anti-PD-1 therapy echoing recent work from others. Our findings provide a compelling rationale to measure PD-1+TIGIT+ CD8 T-cell subset in the blood of cancer patients to monitor early anti-PD1 mediated clinical efficacy, and to use DPOS T cells as a window to study the dynamic changes that underly successful antitumor immunity. Citation Format: Sylvain Simon, Valentin Voillet, Virginie Vignard, Zhong Wu, Camille Dabrowski, Nicolas Jouand, Tiffany Beauvais, Amir Khammari, Cecile Braudeau, Regis Josien, Olivier Adotevi, Caroline Laheurte, Francçois Aubin, Charles Nardin, Samuel Rulli, Raphaël Gottardo, Nirasha Ramchurren, Cheever Martin, Steven P. Fling, Candice D. Church, Paul Nghiem, Brigitte Dreno, Stanley R. Riddell, Nathalie Labarriere. PD-1 and TIGIT co-expression identifies a circulating CD8 T cell population predictive of response to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma and Merkel-cell carcinoma patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4476.

Published
2020

22. New directions in cellular therapy of cancer: a summary of the summit on cellular therapy for cancer

Author

Stroncek David F, Berger Carolina, Cheever Martin A, Childs Richard W, Dudley Mark E, Flynn Peter, Gattinoni Luca, Heath James R, Kalos Michael, Marincola Francesco M, Miller Jeffrey S, Mostoslavsky Gustavo, Powell Daniel J, Rao Mahendra, Restifo Nicholas P, Rosenberg Steven A, O'Shea John, and Melief Cornelis JM

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Abstract A summit on cellular therapy for cancer discussed and presented advances related to the use of adoptive cellular therapy for melanoma and other cancers. The summit revealed that this field is advancing rapidly. Conventional cellular therapies, such as tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), are becoming more effective and more available. Gene therapy is becoming an important tool in adoptive cell therapy. Lymphocytes are being engineered to express high affinity T cell receptors (TCRs), chimeric antibody-T cell receptors (CARs) and cytokines. T cell subsets with more naïve and stem cell-like characteristics have been shown in pre-clinical models to be more effective than unselected populations and it is now possible to reprogram T cells and to produce T cells with stem cell characteristics. In the future, combinations of adoptive transfer of T cells and specific vaccination against the cognate antigen can be envisaged to further enhance the effectiveness of these therapies.

Published
2012
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23. Durable Responses with Pembrolizumab in Relapsed/Refractory Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: Final Results from a Phase 2 Multicenter Study

Author

Khodadoust, Michael S, primary, Rook, Alain, additional, Porcu, Pierluigi, additional, Foss, Francine M., additional, Moskowitz, Alison J., additional, Shustov, Andrei R., additional, Shanbhag, Satish, additional, Sokol, Lubomir, additional, Fling, Steven P, additional, Li, Shufeng, additional, Davis, Asa, additional, Fong, Sophia, additional, Kim, Jinah, additional, Yang, Yi, additional, Yearley, Jennifer H, additional, Subrahmanyam, Priyanka B, additional, Maecker, Holden T., additional, Budovskaya, Yelena, additional, Das, Biswajit, additional, Patidar, Rajesh, additional, Datta, Vivekananda, additional, Karlovich, Chris, additional, Horwitz, Steven M., additional, Sharon, Elad, additional, Kohrt, Holbrook, additional, Cheever, Martin A, additional, and Kim, Youn H., additional

Published
2018
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24. Phase I Trial of ALT-803, A Novel Recombinant IL15 Complex, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

Author

Margolin, Kim, primary, Morishima, Chihiro, additional, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, additional, Miller, Jeffrey S., additional, Lee, Sylvia M., additional, Silk, Ann W., additional, Holtan, Shernan G., additional, Lacroix, Andreanne M., additional, Fling, Steven P., additional, Kaiser, Judith C., additional, Egan, Jack O., additional, Jones, Monica, additional, Rhode, Peter R., additional, Rock, Amy D., additional, Cheever, Martin A., additional, Wong, Hing C., additional, and Ernstoff, Marc S., additional

Published
2018
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26. A First-in-Human Phase I Study of Subcutaneous Outpatient Recombinant Human IL15 (rhIL15) in Adults with Advanced Solid Tumors

Author

Miller, Jeffrey S., primary, Morishima, Chihiro, additional, McNeel, Douglas G., additional, Patel, Manish R., additional, Kohrt, Holbrook E.K., additional, Thompson, John A., additional, Sondel, Paul M., additional, Wakelee, Heather A., additional, Disis, Mary L., additional, Kaiser, Judith C., additional, Cheever, Martin A., additional, Streicher, Howard, additional, Creekmore, Steven P., additional, Waldmann, Thomas A., additional, and Conlon, Kevin C., additional

Published
2018
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27. Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome: Clinical Efficacy in a Citn Multicenter Phase 2 Study

Author

Khodadoust, Michael, primary, Rook, Alain H., additional, Porcu, Pierluigi, additional, Foss, Francine M., additional, Moskowitz, Alison J., additional, Shustov, Andrei R, additional, Shanbhag, Satish, additional, Sokol, Lubomir, additional, Shine, Richard, additional, Fling, Steven P, additional, Li, Shufeng, additional, Rabhar, Ziba, additional, Kim, Jinah, additional, Yang, Yi, additional, Yearley, Jennifer, additional, Chartash, Elliot Keith, additional, Townson, Steven M., additional, Subrahmanyam, Priyanka B, additional, Maecker, Holden, additional, Alizadeh, Ash A., additional, Dai, Julia, additional, Horwitz, Steven M, additional, Sharon, Elad, additional, Kohrt, Holbrook, additional, Cheever, Martin A, additional, and Kim, Youn, additional

Published
2016
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30. The Prioritization of Cancer Antigens: A National Cancer Institute Pilot Project for the Acceleration of Translational Research

Author

Cheever, Martin A., primary, Allison, James P., additional, Ferris, Andrea S., additional, Finn, Olivera J., additional, Hastings, Benjamin M., additional, Hecht, Toby T., additional, Mellman, Ira, additional, Prindiville, Sheila A., additional, Viner, Jaye L., additional, Weiner, Louis M., additional, and Matrisian, Lynn M., additional

Published
2009
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31. Phase I Trial of Sequential Administration of Recombinant DNA and Adenovirus Expressing L523S Protein in Early Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Author

Nemunaitis, John, primary, Meyers, Thomas, additional, Senzer, Neil, additional, Cunningham, Casey, additional, West, Howard, additional, Vallieres, Eric, additional, Anthony, Stephen, additional, Vukelja, Svetislava, additional, Berman, Barry, additional, Tully, Heather, additional, Pappen, Beena, additional, Sarmiento, Stephen, additional, Arzaga, Rosemarie, additional, Duniho, Steven, additional, Engardt, Susan, additional, Meagher, Madeleine, additional, and Cheever, Martin A., additional

Published
2006
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32. 276. Phase I Trial of Sequential Administration of Recombinant DNA and Adenovirus Expressing L523S Protein in Early Stage Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Author

Nemunaitis, John, primary, Meyers, Thomas, additional, Senzer, Neil, additional, Cunningham, Casey, additional, West, Howard, additional, Vallieresma, Eric, additional, Anthony, Stephen, additional, Vukelja, Svetislava, additional, Berman, Barry, additional, Tully, Heather, additional, Pappen, Beena, additional, Sarmiento, Stephen, additional, Arzaga, Rosemarie, additional, Duniho, Steven, additional, Engardt, Susan, additional, Meagher, Madeleine, additional, and Cheever, Martin, additional

Published
2006
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33. Immunity to HER-2/neu Protein

Author

WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE, Cheever, Martin A., WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE, and Cheever, Martin A.

Abstract

The overall goal for the proposal is to develop the knowledge base necessary to develop vaccine and T cell therapy strategies directed against H2N. The studies thus far have validated that immunity to H2N exists and can be augmented by manipulation in vitro. The studies have thus far provided great assistance in developing H2N vaccines.

Published
1997

34. 31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one: National Harbor, MD, USA. 9-13 November 2016

Author

Lundqvist, Andreas, van Hoef, Vincent, Zhang, Xiaonan, Wennerberg, Erik, Lorent, Julie, Witt, Kristina, Sanz, Laia Masvidal, Liang, Shuo, Murray, Shannon, Larsson, Ola, Kiessling, Rolf, Mao, Yumeng, Sidhom, John-William, Bessell, Catherine A., Havel, Jonathan, Schneck, Jonathan, Chan, Timothy A., Sachsenmeier, Eliot, Woods, David, Berglund, Anders, Ramakrishnan, Rupal, Sodre, Andressa, Weber, Jeffrey, Zappasodi, Roberta, Li, Yanyun, Qi, Jingjing, Wong, Philip, Sirard, Cynthia, Postow, Michael, Newman, Walter, Koon, Henry, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Callahan, Margaret K., Wolchok, Jedd D., Merghoub, Taha, Lum, Lawrence G., Choi, Minsig, Thakur, Archana, Deol, Abhinav, Dyson, Gregory, Shields, Anthony, Haymaker, Cara, Uemura, Marc, Murthy, Ravi, James, Marihella, Wang, Daqing, Brevard, Julie, Monaghan, Catherine, Swann, Suzanne, Geib, James, Cornfeld, Mark, Chunduru, Srinivas, Agrawal, Sudhir, Yee, Cassian, Wargo, Jennifer, Patel, Sapna P., Amaria, Rodabe, Tawbi, Hussein, Glitza, Isabella, Woodman, Scott, Hwu, Wen-Jen, Davies, Michael A., Hwu, Patrick, Overwijk, Willem W., Bernatchez, Chantale, Diab, Adi, Massarelli, Erminia, Segal, Neil H., Ribrag, Vincent, Melero, Ignacio, Gangadhar, Tara C., Urba, Walter, Schadendorf, Dirk, Ferris, Robert L., Houot, Roch, Morschhauser, Franck, Logan, Theodore, Luke, Jason J., Sharfman, William, Barlesi, Fabrice, Ott, Patrick A., Mansi, Laura, Kummar, Shivaani, Salles, Gilles, Carpio, Cecilia, Meier, Roland, Krishnan, Suba, McDonald, Dan, Maurer, Matthew, Gu, Xuemin, Neely, Jaclyn, Suryawanshi, Satyendra, Levy, Ronald, Khushalani, Nikhil, Wu, Jennifer, Zhang, Jinyu, Basher, Fahmin, Rubinstein, Mark, Bucsek, Mark, Qiao, Guanxi, MacDonald, Cameron, Hylander, Bonnie, Repasky, Elizabeth, Chatterjee, Shilpak, Daenthanasanmak, Anusara, Chakraborty, Paramita, Toth, Kyle, Meek, Megan, Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, Nishimura, Michael, Paulos, Chrystal, Beeson, Craig, Yu, Xuezhong, Mehrotra, Shikhar, Zhao, Fei, Evans, Kathy, Xiao, Christine, Holtzhausen, Alisha, Hanks, Brent A., Scharping, Nicole, Menk, Ashley V., Moreci, Rebecca, Whetstone, Ryan, Dadey, Rebekah, Watkins, Simon, Ferris, Robert, Delgoffe, Greg M., Peled, Jonathan, Devlin, Sean, Staffas, Anna, Lumish, Melissa, Rodriguez, Kori Porosnicu, Ahr, Katya, Perales, Miguel, Giralt, Sergio, Taur, Ying, Pamer, Eric, van den Brink, Marcel R. M., Jenq, Robert, Annels, Nicola, Pandha, Hardev, Simpson, Guy, Mostafid, Hugh, Harrington, Kevin, Melcher, Alan, Grose, Mark, Davies, Bronwyn, Au, Gough, Karpathy, Roberta, Shafren, Darren, Ricca, Jacob, Zamarin, Dmitriy, Batista, Luciana, Marliot, Florence, Vasaturo, Angela, Carpentier, Sabrina, Poggionovo, Cécile, Frayssinet, Véronique, Fieschi, Jacques, Van den Eynde, Marc, Pagès, Franck, Galon, Jérôme, Hermitte, Fabienne, Smith, Sean G., Nguyen, Khue, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Koppolu, Bhanu, Zaharoff, David, Schvartsman, Gustavo, Bassett, Roland, McQuade, Jennifer L., Haydu, Lauren E., Kline, Douglas, Chen, Xiufen, Fosco, Dominick, Kline, Justin, Overacre, Abigail, Chikina, Maria, Brunazzi, Erin, Shayan, Gulidanna, Horne, William, Kolls, Jay, Bruno, Tullia C., Workman, Creg, Vignali, Dario, Adusumilli, Prasad S., Ansa-Addo, Ephraim A, Li, Zihai, Gerry, Andrew, Sanderson, Joseph P., Howe, Karen, Docta, Roslin, Gao, Qian, Bagg, Eleanor A. L., Tribble, Nicholas, Maroto, Miguel, Betts, Gareth, Bath, Natalie, Melchiori, Luca, Lowther, Daniel E., Ramachandran, Indu, Kari, Gabor, Basu, Samik, Binder-Scholl, Gwendolyn, Chagin, Karen, Pandite, Lini, Holdich, Tom, Amado, Rafael, Zhang, Hua, Glod, John, Bernstein, Donna, Jakobsen, Bent, Mackall, Crystal, Wong, Ryan, Silk, Jonathan D., Adams, Katherine, Hamilton, Garth, Bennett, Alan D., Brett, Sara, Jing, Junping, Quattrini, Adriano, Saini, Manoj, Wiedermann, Guy, Brewer, Joanna, Duong, MyLinh, Lu, An, Chang, Peter, Mahendravada, Aruna, Shinners, Nicholas, Slawin, Kevin, Spencer, David M., Foster, Aaron E., Bayle, J. Henri, Bergamaschi, Cristina, Ng, Sinnie Sin Man, Nagy, Bethany, Jensen, Shawn, Hu, Xintao, Alicea, Candido, Fox, Bernard, Felber, Barbara, Pavlakis, George, Chacon, Jessica, Yamamoto, Tori, Garrabrant, Thomas, Cortina, Luis, Powell, Daniel J., Donia, Marco, Kjeldsen, Julie Westerlin, Andersen, Rikke, Westergaard, Marie Christine Wulff, Bianchi, Valentina, Legut, Mateusz, Attaf, Meriem, Dolton, Garry, Szomolay, Barbara, Ott, Sascha, Lyngaa, Rikke, Hadrup, Sine Reker, Sewell, Andrew Kelvin, Svane, Inge Marie, Fan, Aaron, Kumai, Takumi, Celis, Esteban, Frank, Ian, Stramer, Amanda, Blaskovich, Michelle A., Wardell, Seth, Fardis, Maria, Bender, James, Lotze, Michael T., Goff, Stephanie L., Zacharakis, Nikolaos, Assadipour, Yasmine, Prickett, Todd D., Gartner, Jared J., Somerville, Robert, Black, Mary, Xu, Hui, Chinnasamy, Harshini, Kriley, Isaac, Lu, Lily, Wunderlich, John, Robbins, Paul F., Rosenberg, Steven, Feldman, Steven A., Trebska-McGowan, Kasia, Malekzadeh, Parisa, Payabyab, Eden, Sherry, Richard, Gokuldass, Aishwarya, Kopits, Charlene, Rabinovich, Brian, Green, Daniel S., Kamenyeva, Olena, Zoon, Kathryn C., Annunziata, Christina M., Hammill, Joanne, Helsen, Christopher, Aarts, Craig, Bramson, Jonathan, Harada, Yui, Yonemitsu, Yoshikazu, Mwawasi, Kenneth, Denisova, Galina, Giri, Rajanish, Jin, Benjamin, Campbell, Tracy, Draper, Lindsey M., Stevanovic, Sanja, Yu, Zhiya, Weissbrich, Bianca, Restifo, Nicholas P., Trimble, Cornelia L., Hinrichs, Christian S., Tsang, Kwong, Fantini, Massimo, Hodge, James W., Fujii, Rika, Fernando, Ingrid, Jochems, Caroline, Heery, Christopher, Gulley, James, Soon-Shiong, Patrick, Schlom, Jeffrey, Jing, Weiqing, Gershan, Jill, Blitzer, Grace, Weber, James, McOlash, Laura, Johnson, Bryon D., Kiany, Simin, Gangxiong, Huang, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., Klichinsky, Michael, Ruella, Marco, Shestova, Olga, Kenderian, Saad, Kim, Miriam, Scholler, John, June, Carl H., Gill, Saar, Moogk, Duane, Zhong, Shi, Liadi, Ivan, Rittase, William, Fang, Victoria, Dougherty, Janna, Perez-Garcia, Arianne, Osman, Iman, Zhu, Cheng, Varadarajan, Navin, Frey, Alan, Krogsgaard, Michelle, Landi, Daniel, Fousek, Kristen, Mukherjee, Malini, Shree, Ankita, Joseph, Sujith, Bielamowicz, Kevin, Byrd, Tiara, Ahmed, Nabil, Hegde, Meenakshi, Lee, Sylvia, Byrd, David, Thompson, John, Bhatia, Shailender, Tykodi, Scott, Delismon, Judy, Chu, Liz, Abdul-Alim, Siddiq, Ohanian, Arpy, DeVito, Anna Marie, Riddell, Stanley, Margolin, Kim, Magalhaes, Isabelle, Mattsson, Jonas, Uhlin, Michael, Nemoto, Satoshi, Villarroel, Patricio Pérez, Nakagawa, Ryosuke, Mule, James J., Mailloux, Adam W., Mata, Melinda, Nguyen, Phuong, Gerken, Claudia, DeRenzo, Christopher, Gottschalk, Stephen, Mathieu, Mélissa, Pelletier, Sandy, Stagg, John, Turcotte, Simon, Minutolo, Nicholas, Sharma, Prannda, Tsourkas, Andrew, Mockel-Tenbrinck, Nadine, Mauer, Daniela, Drechsel, Katharina, Barth, Carola, Freese, Katharina, Kolrep, Ulrike, Schult, Silke, Assenmacher, Mario, Kaiser, Andrew, Mullinax, John, Hall, MacLean, Le, Julie, Kodumudi, Krithika, Royster, Erica, Richards, Allison, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Sarnaik, Amod, Pilon-Thomas, Shari, Nielsen, Morten, Krarup-Hansen, Anders, Hovgaard, Dorrit, Petersen, Michael Mørk, Loya, Anand Chainsukh, Junker, Niels, Rivas, Charlotte, Parihar, Robin, Rooney, Cliona M., Qin, Haiying, Nguyen, Sang, Su, Paul, Burk, Chad, Duncan, Brynn, Kim, Bong-Hyun, Kohler, M. Eric, Fry, Terry, Rao, Arjun A., Teyssier, Noam, Pfeil, Jacob, Sgourakis, Nikolaos, Salama, Sofie, Haussler, David, Richman, Sarah A., Nunez-Cruz, Selene, Gershenson, Zack, Mourelatos, Zissimos, Barrett, David, Grupp, Stephan, Milone, Michael, Rodriguez-Garcia, Alba, Robinson, Matthew K., Adams, Gregory P., Santos, João, Havunen, Riikka, Siurala, Mikko, Cervera-Carrascón, Víctor, Parviainen, Suvi, Antilla, Marjukka, Hemminki, Akseli, Sethuraman, Jyothi, Santiago, Laurelis, Chen, Jie Qing, Dai, Zhimin, Sha, Huizi, Su, Shu, Ding, Naiqing, Liu, Baorui, Pasetto, Anna, Helman, Sarah R., Rosenberg, Steven A., Burgess, Melissa, Zhang, Hui, Lee, Tien, Klingemann, Hans, Nghiem, Paul, Kirkwood, John M., Rossi, John M., Sherman, Marika, Xue, Allen, Shen, Yueh-wei, Navale, Lynn, Kochenderfer, James N., Bot, Adrian, Veerapathran, Anandaraman, Wiener, Doris, Waller, Edmund K., Li, Jian-Ming, Petersen, Christopher, Blazar, Bruce R., Li, Jingxia, Giver, Cynthia R., Wang, Ziming, Grossenbacher, Steven K., Sturgill, Ian, Canter, Robert J., Murphy, William J., Zhang, Congcong, Burger, Michael C., Jennewein, Lukas, Waldmann, Anja, Mittelbronn, Michel, Tonn, Torsten, Steinbach, Joachim P., Wels, Winfried S., Williams, Jason B., Zha, Yuanyuan, Gajewski, Thomas F., Williams, LaTerrica C., Krenciute, Giedre, Kalra, Mamta, Louis, Chrystal, Xin, Gang, Schauder, David, Jiang, Aimin, Joshi, Nikhil, Cui, Weiguo, Zeng, Xue, Zhao, Zeguo, Hamieh, Mohamad, Eyquem, Justin, Gunset, Gertrude, Bander, Neil, Sadelain, Michel, Askmyr, David, Abolhalaj, Milad, Lundberg, Kristina, Greiff, Lennart, Lindstedt, Malin, Angell, Helen K., Kim, Kyoung-Mee, Kim, Seung-Tae, Kim, Sung, Sharpe, Alan D., Ogden, Julia, Davenport, Anna, Hodgson, Darren R., Barrett, Carl, Lee, Jeeyun, Kilgour, Elaine, Hanson, Jodi, Caspell, Richard, Karulin, Alexey, Lehmann, Paul, Ansari, Tameem, Schiller, Annemarie, Sundararaman, Srividya, Roen, Diana, Ayers, Mark, Levitan, Diane, Arreaza, Gladys, Liu, Fang, Mogg, Robin, Bang, Yung-Jue, O’Neil, Bert, Cristescu, Razvan, Friedlander, Philip, Wassman, Karl, Kyi, Chrisann, Oh, William, Bhardwaj, Nina, Bornschlegl, Svetlana, Gustafson, Michael P., Gastineau, Dennis A., Parney, Ian F., Dietz, Allan B., Carvajal-Hausdorf, Daniel, Mani, Nikita, Schalper, Kurt, Rimm, David, Chang, Serena, Kurland, John, Ahlers, Christoph Matthias, Jure-Kunkel, Maria, Cohen, Lewis, Maecker, Holden, Kohrt, Holbrook, Chen, Shuming, Crabill, George, Pritchard, Theresa, McMiller, Tracee, Pardoll, Drew, Pan, Fan, Topalian, Suzanne, Danaher, Patrick, Warren, Sarah, Dennis, Lucas, White, Andrew M., D’Amico, Leonard, Geller, Melissa, Disis, Mary L., Beechem, Joseph, Odunsi, Kunle, Fling, Steven, Derakhshandeh, Roshanak, Webb, Tonya J., Dubois, Sigrid, Conlon, Kevin, Bryant, Bonita, Hsu, Jennifer, Beltran, Nancy, Müller, Jürgen, Waldmann, Thomas, Duhen, Rebekka, Duhen, Thomas, Thompson, Lucas, Montler, Ryan, Weinberg, Andrew, Kates, Max, Early, Brandon, Yusko, Erik, Schreiber, Taylor H., Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Lunceford, Jared, Nebozhyn, Michael, Murphy, Erin, Loboda, Andrey, Kaufman, David R., Albright, Andrew, Cheng, Jonathan, Kang, S. Peter, Shankaran, Veena, Piha-Paul, Sarina A., Yearley, Jennifer, Seiwert, Tanguy, Ribas, Antoni, McClanahan, Terrill K., Sher, Xinwei, Liu, Xiao Qiao, Joe, Andrew, Plimack, Elizabeth, Forrest-Hay, Alex, Guyre, Cheryl A., Narumiya, Kohei, Delcommenne, Marc, Hirsch, Heather A., Deshpande, Amit, Reeves, Jason, Shu, Jenny, Zi, Tong, Michaelson, Jennifer, Law, Debbie, Trehu, Elizabeth, Sathyanaryanan, Sriram, Hodkinson, Brendan P., Hutnick, Natalie A., Schaffer, Michael E., Gormley, Michael, Hulett, Tyler, Ballesteros-Merino, Carmen, Dubay, Christopher, Afentoulis, Michael, Reddy, Ashok, David, Larry, Jayant, Kumar, Agrawal, Swati, Agrawal, Rajendra, Jeyakumar, Ghayathri, Kim, Seongho, Kim, Heejin, Silski, Cynthia, Suisham, Stacey, Heath, Elisabeth, Vaishampayan, Ulka, Vandeven, Natalie, Viller, Natasja Nielsen, O’Connor, Alison, Chen, Hui, Bossen, Bolette, Sievers, Eric, Uger, Robert, Johnson, Lisa, Kao, Hsiang-Fong, Hsiao, Chin-Fu, Lai, Shu-Chuan, Wang, Chun-Wei, Ko, Jenq-Yuh, Lou, Pei-Jen, Lee, Tsai-Jan, Liu, Tsang-Wu, Hong, Ruey-Long, Kearney, Staci J., Black, Joshua C., Landis, Benjamin J., Koegler, Sally, Hirsch, Brooke, Gianani, Roberto, Kim, Jeffrey, He, Ming-Xiao, Zhang, Bingqing, Su, Nan, Luo, Yuling, Ma, Xiao-Jun, Park, Emily, Kim, Dae Won, Copploa, Domenico, Kothari, Nishi, doo Chang, Young, Kim, Richard, Kim, Namyong, Lye, Melvin, Wan, Ee, Knaus, Hanna A., Berglund, Sofia, Hackl, Hubert, Karp, Judith E., Gojo, Ivana, Luznik, Leo, Hong, Henoch S., Koch, Sven D., Scheel, Birgit, Gnad-Vogt, Ulrike, Kallen, Karl-Josef, Wiegand, Volker, Backert, Linus, Kohlbacher, Oliver, Hoerr, Ingmar, Fotin-Mleczek, Mariola, Billingsley, James M., Koguchi, Yoshinobu, Conrad, Valerie, Miller, William, Gonzalez, Iliana, Poplonski, Tomasz, Meeuwsen, Tanisha, Howells-Ferreira, Ana, Rattray, Rogan, Campbell, Mary, Bifulco, Carlo, Bahjat, Keith, Curti, Brendan, Vetsika, E-K, Kallergi, G., Aggouraki, Despoina, Lyristi, Z., Katsarlinos, P., Koinis, Filippos, Georgoulias, V., Kotsakis, Athanasios, Martin, Nathan T., Aeffner, Famke, Cerkovnik, Logan, Pratte, Luke, Kim, Rebecca, Krueger, Joseph, Martínez-Usatorre, Amaia, Jandus, Camilla, Donda, Alena, Carretero-Iglesia, Laura, Speiser, Daniel E., Zehn, Dietmar, Rufer, Nathalie, Romero, Pedro, Panda, Anshuman, Mehnert, Janice, Hirshfield, Kim M., Riedlinger, Greg, Damare, Sherri, Saunders, Tracie, Sokol, Levi, Stein, Mark, Poplin, Elizabeth, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Lorna, Silk, Ann, Chan, Nancy, Frankel, Melissa, Kane, Michael, Malhotra, Jyoti, Aisner, Joseph, Kaufman, Howard L., Ali, Siraj, Ross, Jeffrey, White, Eileen, Bhanot, Gyan, Ganesan, Shridar, Monette, Anne, Bergeron, Derek, Amor, Amira Ben, Meunier, Liliane, Caron, Christine, Morou, Antigoni, Kaufmann, Daniel, Liberman, Moishe, Jurisica, Igor, Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Hamzaoui, Kamel, Lapointe, Rejean, Mongan, Ann, Ku, Yuan-Chieh, Tom, Warren, Sun, Yongming, Pankov, Alex, Looney, Tim, Au-Young, Janice, Hyland, Fiona, Conroy, Jeff, Morrison, Carl, Glenn, Sean, Burgher, Blake, Ji, He, Gardner, Mark, Omilian, Angela R., Bshara, Wiam, Angela, Omilian, Obeid, Joseph M., Erdag, Gulsun, Smolkin, Mark E., Deacon, Donna H., Patterson, James W., Chen, Lieping, Bullock, Timothy N., Slingluff, Craig L., Loffredo, John T., Vuyyuru, Raja, Beyer, Sophie, Spires, Vanessa M., Fox, Maxine, Ehrmann, Jon M., Taylor, Katrina A., Korman, Alan J., Graziano, Robert F., Page, David, Sanchez, Katherine, Martel, Maritza, De Macedo, Mariana Petaccia, Qin, Yong, Reuben, Alex, Spencer, Christine, Guindani, Michele, Racolta, Adriana, Kelly, Brian, Jones, Tobin, Polaske, Nathan, Theiss, Noah, Robida, Mark, Meridew, Jeffrey, Habensus, Iva, Zhang, Liping, Pestic-Dragovich, Lidija, Tang, Lei, Sullivan, Ryan J., Olencki, Thomas, Hutson, Thomas, Roder, Joanna, Blackmon, Shauna, Roder, Heinrich, Stewart, John, Amin, Asim, Ernstoff, Marc S., Clark, Joseph I., Atkins, Michael B., Sosman, Jeffrey, McDermott, David F., Kluger, Harriet, Halaban, Ruth, Snzol, Mario, Asmellash, Senait, Steingrimsson, Arni, Wang, Chichung, Roman, Kristin, Clement, Amanda, Downing, Sean, Hoyt, Clifford, Harder, Nathalie, Schmidt, Guenter, Schoenmeyer, Ralf, Brieu, Nicolas, Yigitsoy, Mehmet, Madonna, Gabriele, Botti, Gerardo, Grimaldi, Antonio, Ascierto, Paolo A., Huss, Ralf, Athelogou, Maria, Hessel, Harald, Buchner, Alexander, Stief, Christian, Binnig, Gerd, Kirchner, Thomas, Sellappan, Shankar, Thyparambil, Sheeno, Schwartz, Sarit, Cecchi, Fabiola, Nguyen, Andrew, Vaske, Charles, Hembrough, Todd, Spacek, Jan, Vocka, Michal, Zavadova, Eva, Skalova, Helena, Dundr, Pavel, Petruzelka, Lubos, Francis, Nicole, Tilman, Rau T., Hartmann, Arndt, Netikova, Irena, Stump, Julia, Tufman, Amanda, Berger, Frank, Neuberger, Michael, Hatz, Rudolf, Lindner, Michael, Sanborn, Rachel E., Handy, John, Huber, Rudolf M., Winter, Hauke, Reu, Simone, Sun, Cheng, Xiao, Weihua, Tian, Zhigang, Arora, Kshitij, Desai, Niyati, Kulkarni, Anupriya, Rajurkar, Mihir, Rivera, Miguel, Deshpande, Vikram, Ting, David, Tsai, Katy, Nosrati, Adi, Goldinger, Simone, Hamid, Omid, Algazi, Alain, Tumeh, Paul, Hwang, Jimmy, Liu, Jacqueline, Chen, Lawrence, Dummer, Reinhard, Rosenblum, Michael, Daud, Adil, Tsao, Tsu-Shuen, Ashworth-Sharpe, Julia, Johnson, Donald, Bhaumik, Srabani, Bieniarz, Christopher, Couto, Joseph, Farrell, Michael, Ghaffari, Mahsa, Hubbard, Antony, Kosmeder, Jerome, Lee, Cleo, Marner, Erin, Uribe, Diana, Zhang, Hongjun, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Wenjun, Zhu, Yifei, Morrison, Larry, Tsujikawa, Takahiro, Borkar, Rohan N., Azimi, Vahid, Kumar, Sushil, Thibault, Guillaume, Mori, Motomi, El Rassi, Edward, Clayburgh, Daniel R., Kulesz-Martin, Molly F., Flint, Paul W., Coussens, Lisa M., Villabona, Lisa, Masucci, Giuseppe V., Geiss, Gary, Birditt, Brian, Mei, Qian, Huang, Alan, Eagan, Maribeth A., Ignacio, Eduardo, Elliott, Nathan, Dunaway, Dwayne, Jung, Jaemyeong, Merritt, Chris, Sprague, Isaac, Webster, Philippa, Liang, Yan, Wenthe, Jessica, Enblad, Gunilla, Karlsson, Hannah, Essand, Magnus, Savoldo, Barbara, Dotti, Gianpietro, Höglund, Martin, Brenner, Malcolm K., Hagberg, Hans, Loskog, Angelica, Bernett, Matthew J., Moore, Gregory L., Hedvat, Michael, Bonzon, Christine, Chu, Seung, Rashid, Rumana, Avery, Kendra N., Muchhal, Umesh, Desjarlais, John, Kraman, Matthew, Kmiecik, Katarzyna, Allen, Natalie, Faroudi, Mustapha, Zimarino, Carlo, Wydro, Mateusz, Doody, Jacqueline, Srinivasa, Sreesha P., Govindappa, Nagaraja, Reddy, Praveen, Dubey, Aparajita, Periyasamy, Sankar, Adekandi, Madhukara, Dey, Chaitali, Joy, Mary, van Loo, Pieter Fokko, Veninga, Henrike, Shamsili, Setareh, Throsby, Mark, Dolstra, Harry, Bakker, Lex, Alva, Ajjai, Gschwendt, Juergen, Loriot, Yohann, Bellmunt, Joaquim, Feng, Dai, Poehlein, Christian, Powles, Thomas, Antonarakis, Emmanuel S., Drake, Charles G., Wu, Haiyan, De Bono, Johann, Bannerji, Rajat, Byrd, John, Gregory, Gareth, Opat, Stephen, Shortt, Jake, Yee, Andrew J., Raje, Noopur, Thompson, Seth, Balakumaran, Arun, Kumar, Shaji, Rini, Brian I., Choueiri, Toni K., Mariani, Mariangela, Albiges, Laurence, Haanen, John B., Larkin, James, Schmidinger, Manuela, Magazzù, Domenico, di Pietro, Alessandra, Motzer, Robert J., Borch, Troels Holz, Kongsted, Per, Pedersen, Magnus, Met, Özcan, Boudadi, Karim, Wang, Hao, Vasselli, James, Baughman, Jan E., Wigginton, Jon, Abdallah, Rehab, Ross, Ashley, Park, Jiwon, Grossenbacher, Steven, Luna, Jesus I., Withers, Sita, Culp, William, Chen, Mingyi, Monjazeb, Arta, Kent, Michael S., Chandran, Smita, Danforth, David, Yang, James, Klebanoff, Christopher, Goff, Stephanie, Paria, Biman, Sabesan, Arvind, Srivastava, Abhishek, Kammula, Udai, Richards, Jon, Faries, Mark, Andtbacka, Robert H. I., Diaz, Luis A., Le, Dung T., Yoshino, Takayuki, André, Thierry, Bendell, Johanna, Koshiji, Minori, Zhang, Yayan, Kang, S Peter, Lam, Bao, Jäger, Dirk, Bauer, Todd M., Wang, Judy S., Lee, Jean K., Manji, Gulam A., Kudchadkar, Ragini, Kauh, John S., Tang, Shande, Laing, Naomi, Falchook, Gerald, Garon, Edward B., Halmos, Balazs, Rina, Hui, Leighl, Natasha, Lee, Sung Sook, Walsh, William, Dragnev, Konstanin, Piperdi, Bilal, Rodriguez, Luis Paz-Ares, Shinwari, Nabeegha, Wei, Ziewn, Maas, Mary L, Deeds, Michael, Armstrong, Adam, Peterson, Tim, Steinmetz, Sue, Herzog, Thomas, Backes, Floor J., Copeland, Larry, Del Pilar Estevez Diz, Maria, Hare, Thomas W., Huh, Warner, Kim, Byoung-Gie, Moore, Kathleen M., Oaknin, Ana, Small, William, Tewari, Krishnansu S., Monk, Bradley J., Kamat, Ashish M., Nam, Kijoeng, De Santis, Maria, Dreicer, Robert, Hahn, Noah M., Perini, Rodolfo, Siefker-Radtke, Arlene, Sonpavde, Guru, de Wit, Ronald, Witjes, J. Alfred, Keefe, Stephen, Bajorin, Dean, Armand, Philippe, Kuruvilla, John, Moskowitz, Craig, Hamadani, Mehdi, Zinzani, Pier Luigi, Chlosta, Sabine, Bartlett, Nancy, Sabado, Rachel, Saenger, Yvonne, William, Loging, Donovan, Michael Joseph, Sacris, Erlinda, Mandeli, John, Salazar, Andres M., Powderly, John, Brody, Joshua, Nemunaitis, John, Emens, Leisha, Patnaik, Amita, McCaffery, Ian, Miller, Richard, Laport, Ginna, Coveler, Andrew L., Smith, David C., Grilley-Olson, Juneko E., Goel, Sanjay, Gardai, Shyra J., Law, Che-Leung, Means, Gary, Manley, Thomas, Marrone, Kristen A., Rosner, Gary, Anagnostou, Valsamo, Riemer, Joanne, Wakefield, Jessica, Zanhow, Cynthia, Baylin, Stephen, Gitlitz, Barbara, Brahmer, Julie, Signoretti, Sabina, Li, Wenting, Schloss, Charles, Michot, Jean-Marie, Ding, Wei, Christian, Beth, Marinello, Patricia, Shipp, Margaret, Najjar, Yana G., Lin, Butterfield, Lisa H., Tarhini, Ahmad A., Davar, Diwakar, Zarour, Hassane, Rush, Elizabeth, Sander, Cindy, Fu, Siqing, Bauer, Todd, Molineaux, Chris, Bennett, Mark K., Orford, Keith W., Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P., Padda, Sukhmani K., Shah, Sumit A., Colevas, A Dimitrios, Narayanan, Sujata, Fisher, George A., Supan, Dana, Wakelee, Heather A., Aoki, Rhonda, Pegram, Mark D., Villalobos, Victor M., Liu, Jie, Takimoto, Chris H., Chao, Mark, Volkmer, Jens-Peter, Majeti, Ravindra, Weissman, Irving L., Sikic, Branimir I., Yu, Wendy, Conlin, Alison, Ruzich, Janet, Lewis, Stacy, Acheson, Anupama, Kemmer, Kathleen, Perlewitz, Kelly, Moxon, Nicole M., Mellinger, Staci, McArthur, Heather, Juhler-Nøttrup, Trine, Desai, Jayesh, Markman, Ben, Sandhu, Shahneen, Gan, Hui, Friedlander, Michael L., Tran, Ben, Meniawy, Tarek, Lundy, Joanne, Colyer, Duncan, Ameratunga, Malaka, Norris, Christie, Yang, Jason, Li, Kang, Wang, Lai, Luo, Lusong, Qin, Zhen, Mu, Song, Tan, Xuemei, Song, James, Millward, Michael, Katz, Matthew H. G., Bauer, Todd W., Varadhachary, Gauri R., Acquavella, Nicolas, Merchant, Nipun, Petroni, Gina, Rahma, Osama E., Chen, Mei, Song, Yang, Puhlmann, Markus, Khattri, Arun, Brisson, Ryan, Harvey, Christopher, Shah, Jatin, Mateos, Maria Victoria, Matsumoto, Morio, Blacklock, Hilary, Rocafiguera, Albert Oriol, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Iida, Shinsuke, Yehuda, Dina Ben, Ocio, Enrique, Rodríguez-Otero, Paula, Jagannath, Sundar, Lonial, Sagar, Kher, Uma, San-Miguel, Jesus, de Oliveira, Moacyr Ribeiro, Yimer, Habte, Rifkin, Robert, Schjesvold, Fredrik, Ghori, Razi, Spreafico, Anna, Lee, Victor, Ngan, Roger K. C., To, Ka Fai, Ahn, Myung Ju, Ng, Quan Sing, Lin, Jin-Ching, Swaby, Ramona F., Gause, Christine, Saraf, Sanatan, Chan, Anthony T. C., Lam, Elaine, Tannir, Nizar M., Meric-Bernstam, Funda, Gross, Matt, MacKinnon, Andy, Whiting, Sam, Voss, Martin, Yu, Evan Y., Albertini, Mark R., Ranheim, Erik A., Hank, Jacquelyn A., Zuleger, Cindy, McFarland, Thomas, Collins, Jennifer, Clements, Erin, Weber, Sharon, Weigel, Tracey, Neuman, Heather, Hartig, Greg, Mahvi, David, Henry, MaryBeth, Gan, Jacek, Yang, Richard, Carmichael, Lakeesha, Kim, KyungMann, Gillies, Stephen D., Sondel, Paul M., Subbiah, Vivek, Noffsinger, Lori, Hendricks, Kyle, Bosch, Marnix, Lee, Jay M., Lee, Mi-Heon, Goldman, Jonathan W., Baratelli, Felicita E., Schaue, Dorthe, Wang, Gerald, Rosen, Frances, Yanagawa, Jane, Walser, Tonya C., Lin, Ying Q., Adams, Sharon, Marincola, Franco M., Tumeh, Paul C., Abtin, Fereidoun, Suh, Robert, Reckamp, Karen, Wallace, William D., Zeng, Gang, Elashoff, David A., Sharma, Sherven, Dubinett, Steven M., Pavlick, Anna C., Gastman, Brian, Hanks, Brent, Keler, Tibor, Davis, Tom, Vitale, Laura A., Sharon, Elad, Morishima, Chihiro, Cheever, Martin, Heery, Christopher R., Kim, Joseph W., Lamping, Elizabeth, Marte, Jennifer, McMahon, Sheri, Cordes, Lisa, Fakhrejahani, Farhad, Madan, Ravi, Salazar, Rachel, Zhang, Maggie, Helwig, Christoph, Gulley, James L, Li, Roger, Amrhein, John, Cohen, Zvi, Champagne, Monique, Kamat, Ashish, Aznar, M. Angela, Labiano, Sara, Diaz-Lagares, Angel, Esteller, Manel, Sandoval, Juan, Barbee, Susannah D., Bellovin, David I., Timmer, John C., Wondyfraw, Nebiyu, Johnson, Susan, Park, Johanna, Chen, Amanda, Mkrtichyan, Mikayel, Razai, Amir S., Jones, Kyle S., Hata, Chelsie Y., Gonzalez, Denise, Deveraux, Quinn, Eckelman, Brendan P., Borges, Luis, Bhardwaj, Rukmini, Puri, Raj K., Suzuki, Akiko, Leland, Pamela, Joshi, Bharat H., Bartkowiak, Todd, Jaiswal, Ashvin, Ager, Casey, Ai, Midan, Budhani, Pratha, Chin, Renee, Hong, David, Curran, Michael, Hastings, William D., Pinzon-Ortiz, Maria, Murakami, Masato, Dobson, Jason R., Quinn, David, Wagner, Joel P., Rong, Xianhui, Shaw, Pamela, Dammassa, Ernesta, Guan, Wei, Dranoff, Glenn, Cao, Alexander, Fulton, Ross B., Leonardo, Steven, Fraser, Kathryn, Kangas, Takashi O., Ottoson, Nadine, Bose, Nandita, Huhn, Richard D., Graff, Jeremy, Lowe, Jamie, Gorden, Keith, Uhlik, Mark, O’Neill, Thomas, Widger, Jenifer, Crocker, Andrea, He, Li-Zhen, Weidlick, Jeffrey, Sundarapandiyan, Karuna, Ramakrishna, Venky, Storey, James, Thomas, Lawrence J., Goldstein, Joel, Marsh, Henry C., Grailer, Jamison, Gilden, Julia, Stecha, Pete, Garvin, Denise, Hartnett, Jim, Fan, Frank, Cong, Mei, Cheng, Zhi-jie Jey, Hinner, Marlon J., Aiba, Rachida-Siham Bel, Schlosser, Corinna, Jaquin, Thomas, Allersdorfer, Andrea, Berger, Sven, Wiedenmann, Alexander, Matschiner, Gabriele, Schüler, Julia, Moebius, Ulrich, Rothe, Christine, Shane, Olwill A., Horton, Brendan, Spranger, Stefani, Moreira, Dayson, Adamus, Tomasz, Zhao, Xingli, Swiderski, Piotr, Pal, Sumanta, Kortylewski, Marcin, Kosmides, Alyssa, Necochea, Kevin, Mahoney, Kathleen M., Shukla, Sachet A., Patsoukis, Nikolaos, Chaudhri, Apoorvi, Pham, Hung, Hua, Ping, Bu, Xia, Zhu, Baogong, Hacohen, Nir, Wu, Catherine J., Fritsch, Edward, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Freeman, Gordon J., Moran, Amy E., Polesso, Fanny, Lukaesko, Lisa, Rådestad, Emelie, Egevad, Lars, Sundberg, Berit, Henningsohn, Lars, Levitsky, Victor, Rafelson, William, Reagan, John L., Fast, Loren, Sasikumar, Pottayil, Sudarshan, Naremaddepalli, Ramachandra, Raghuveer, Gowda, Nagesh, Samiulla, Dodheri, Chandrasekhar, Talapaneni, Adurthi, Sreenivas, Mani, Jiju, Nair, Rashmi, Dhudashia, Amit, Gowda, Nagaraj, Ramachandra, Murali, Sankin, Alexander, Gartrell, Benjamin, Cumberbatch, Kerwin, Huang, Hongying, Stern, Joshua, Schoenberg, Mark, Zang, Xingxing, Swanson, Ryan, Kornacker, Michael, Evans, Lawrence, Rickel, Erika, Wolfson, Martin, Valsesia-Wittmann, Sandrine, Shekarian, Tala, Simard, François, Nailo, Rodrigo, Dutour, Aurélie, Jallas, Anne-Catherine, Caux, Christophe, and Marabelle, Aurélien

Published
2016
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35. Marrow Transplantation for Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia: A Controlled Trial of Cyclosporine Versus Methotrexate for Prophylaxis of Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Author

Storb, Rainer, Deeg, H. Joachim, Thomas, E. Donnall, Appelbaum, Frederick R., Buckner, C. Dean, Cheever, Martin A., Clift, Reginald A., Doney, Kristine C., Flournoy, Nancy, Kennedy, Michael S., Loughran, Thomas P., McGuffin, Robert W., Sale, George E., Sanders, Jean E., Singer, Jack W., Stewart, Patricia S., Sullivan, Keith M., and Witherspoon, Robert P.

Abstract

Forty-eight patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia, aged 11 to 47, were treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide and fractionated total body irradiation, followed by infusion of marrow from HLA-identical siblings. They were randomized to receive either methotrexate (MTX) (n = 23) or cyclosporine (CSP) (n = 25) as postgrafting prophylaxis for graft-v-host disease (GVHD). All patients had evidence of sustained hematopoietic engraftment. Seventeen of the 25 patients receiving CSP and 17 of the 23 patients receiving MTX are alive between one and almost four (median, 1.7) years, with an actuarial survival rate at three years of 62% and 66%, respectively (P= .60). Also, with respect to most other parameters studied, the two drugs were identical. The probability of acute GVHD was .42 and .46, respectively (P= .70), that of chronic GVHD, .50 and .63 (P= .44), and that of death from transplant-related causes, .30 and .24 (P= .51). There were no differences in the speed of granulocyte and platelet engraftment (P= .82 and .94, respectively), and the duration of hospitalization was comparable (P= .58). Patients receiving MTX required red cell transfusions for a shorter period of time (P= .02), but had a slightly increased morbidity from early oral mucositis. The leukemia recurrence rates were comparable (P= .60). With the regimens used in this study, we conclude that CSP failed to reduce the incidence of GVHD and improve the survival of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia when compared to results with standard MTX.

Published
1985
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36. Recurrence of Aplastic Anemia Following Cyclophosphamide and Syngeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation: Evidence for Two Mechanisms of Graft Failure

Author

Appelbaum, Frederick R., Cheever, Martin A., Fefer, Alexander, Storb, Rainer, and Thomas, E. Donnall

Abstract

Two patients with aplastic anemia were treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide and marrow transplantation from their normal, genetically identical twin. Both patients rapidly recovered normal marrow function, but marrow failure recurred 13 and 18 months later. Because donor and host pairs were identical twins, these cases of graft failure could not have resulted from the usual cause of graft failure, ie, immunological reactivity of host cells against unshared minor histocompatibility antigens of the donor. These results imply that there are at least two mechanisms responsible for graft failure after marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia.

Published
1985
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37. Bone Marrow Transplantation in Patients Aged 45 Years and Older

Author

Klingemann, Hans-G., Storb, Rainer, Fefer, Alexander, Deeg, H.Joachim, Appelbaum, Frederick R., Buckner, C.Dean, Cheever, Martin A., Greenberg, Philip D., Stewart, Patricia S., Sullivan, Keith M., Witherspoon, Robert P., and Thomas, E.Donnall

Abstract

Increasing age has been reported to be a poor prognostic factor for survival after bone marrow transplantation. We evaluated causes of death and frequency and type of complications after marrow grafting in 24 syngeneic and 39 allogeneic recipients who were 45 to 68 years old at the time of transplant. Most patients were in an advanced stage of hematologic malignancy. Among patients given syngeneic transplants, actuarial disease-free survival at 7 years is 20%. The major causes of death were relapse of leukemia and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Among allogeneic recipients, 9 (23%) are currently alive, and actuarial disease-free survival at 7 years is 11%. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia and septicemia were the most frequent causes of death. Patients over 50 years of age had the poorest survival rate (1/13), but many of these were transplanted in an advanced stage of their disease. However, among 12 patients transplanted while in remission or at an early stage of their disease, 5 are surviving 65 to 1,160 days after transplantation, with an actuarial survival rate of 22% at 3 years. This is in contrast to those who received their transplant in relapse: 2 out of 20 patients (10%) became long-term survivors, with a probability of survival of 15% at 3 years.

Published
1986
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38. Treatment of Aplastic Anemia by Bone Marrow Transplantation in Identical Twins

Author

Appelbaum, Frederick R., Fefer, Alexander, Cheever, Martin A., Sanders, Jean E., Singer, Jack W., Adamson, John W., Mickelson, Eric M., Hansen, John A., Greenberg, Philip D., and Thomas, E. Donnall

Abstract

Four patients with aplastic anemia were treated with intravenous infusion of 0.8-3.5 × 108nucleated bone marrow cells/kg obtained from their healthy identical twin. In two cases, simple marrow infusion led to prompt recovery of bone marrow function. In the other two cases, bone marrow infusion alone was ineffective, but a second infusion after treatment with cyclophosphamide (CY) led to prompt complete recovery. Coculture studies using patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells and donor bone marrow or peripheral blood cells were performed for three of the patients prior to bone marrow transplantation. Cells from the two patients who ultimately required CY appeared to inhibit granulocytic or erythroid colony growth by donor marrow, whereas cells from the one patient who was studied who responded to marrow infusion alone did not. The response of patient peripheral leukocytes to twin cells in mixed leukocyte culture was compared to the response of patient cells to a cell pool from unrelated donors and expressed as a relative response. The response was abnormally high in the two cases requiring CY and normal in the other two cases. The results suggest that aplastic anemia in some cases reflects a qualitative or quantitative marrow cell defect correctable by the simple infusion of twin marrow, but in other cases reflects active suppression of hematopoiesis that can be overcome by CY and bone marrow transplantation.

Published
1980
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39. Bone Marrow Transplantation for Refractory Acute Leukemia in 34 Patients With Identical Twins

Author

Fefer, Alexander, Cheever, Martin A., Thomas, E. Donnall, Appelbaum, Frederick R., Buckner, C. Dean, Clift, Reginald A., Glucksberg, Harold, Greenberg, Philip D., Johnson, F. Leonard, Kaplan, Henry G., Sanders, Jean E., Storb, Rainer, and Weiden, Paul L.

Abstract

Thirty-four patients aged 4–67 yr (median 17) with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (18 patients) or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) (16 patients) who failed to enter complete remission (CR) or relapsed on conventional chemotherapy were treated with cyclophosphamide (CY), 60 mg/kg/day for 2 days, 1000 rad total body irradiation, and a marrow transplant from a genotypically identical normal twin. Sixteen of the patients received additional chemotherapy within the week before CY. After the transplant, 23 patients received immunotherapy consisting of killed autologous leukemic cells and/or normal twin peripheral blood lymphocytes, 16 as part of a prospectively randomized study. One moribund patient died before engraftment. Nine patients (6 ALL, 3 ANL) continued to have detectable leukemic cells. Twenty-four patients (70%) achieved CR. One of them died of viral hepatitis at 1 mo and another of viral interstitial pneumonitis at 4 mo in CR. Fourteen patients (7 ALL, 7 ANL) relapsed 2–16 mo (median 4) after transplantation. However, 8 patients (24%) (3 ALL, 5 ANL) remain in CR without any maintenance chemotherapy at 29–103 mo (median 80) after the transplant. The end results were not significantly influenced by the type of leukemia, the immediate pre-CY chemotherapy, or the immunotherapy. The results show that this approach, even when applied to endstage patients with acute leukemia in relapse, causes tolerable morbidity, rare nonleukemic deaths, and frequent remissions, some of which represent cures.

Published
1981
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40. Treatment of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma With Marrow Transplantation in Identical Twins

Author

Appelbaum, Frederick R., Fefer, Alexander, Cheever, Martin A., Buckner, C. Dean, Greenberg, Philip D., Kaplan, Henry G., Storb, Rainer, and Thomas, E. Donnall

Abstract

Eight patients with disseminated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who failed conventional combination chemotherapy were treated with high-dose chemotherapy, a supralethal dose of total-body irradiation, and a bone marrow transplant from a normal identical twin. Seven patients experienced complete remissions. Four of the seven patients (two with diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, one with composite lymphoma, and one with diffuse moderately well differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma) remain in complete unmaintained remission 12–126 mo from transplantation. One patient relapsed after 10 mo but was retreated and is alive in unmaintained complete remission 73 mo from transplantation. One patient died of Pseudomonaspneumonia while in complete remission and one patient relapsed and died of progressive lymphoma. These results demonstrate that intensive chemoradiotherapy and twin marrow transplantation can induce frequent and enduring remissions in patients with disseminated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who have failed conventional therapy.

Published
1981
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41. Additional file 4: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Frequency of IFN-γ and/or IL-2 secreting CD8 T cells in response to Merkel polyomavirus peptide pools. IFN-γ and/or IL-2 in A) 2 of 13 VP-MCC responders and B) 1 of 4 VP-MCC non-responders was detectible via flow cytometry after a 16 h stimulation with MCPyV peptide pools. Dotted line represents background signal cutoff. *Post = first blood draw after initiation of treatment. (DOCX 425 kb)

42. Additional file 3: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Frequency of tetramer+ CD8 T cells. Frequency of MCPyV tetramer positive CD8 T cells are reported in percent of all CD8s with background subtracted. Abbreviations for RECIST 1.1 response criteria are as follows: CR = complete response; PR = partial response; PD = progressive disease. (DOCX 69 kb)

43. Additional file 2: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Class I HLA Tetramers and MCPyV peptide pools. Description of data: A) Summary of HLA and peptide combinations used for CD8 class I tetramers including which position of the MCPyV oncoprotein (small, common, or large T antigen) the peptide corresponds to. B) Schematic of MCPyV peptide pools and locations of tetramer epitopes. Details of peptide pools are available in Iyer et al., 2011. (DOCX 364â kb)

44. Additional file 1: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Serology results. Raw results for MCPyV-specific oncoprotein antibodies were reported as Standard Titer Units (STUs). Patient with a value of 75 or greater were considered oncoprotein antibody producers and values below 74 were considered negative. Abbreviations for RECIST 1.1 response criteria are as follows: CR = complete response; PR = partial response; PD = progressive disease. (DOCX 114 kb)

45. Additional file 1: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Serology results. Raw results for MCPyV-specific oncoprotein antibodies were reported as Standard Titer Units (STUs). Patient with a value of 75 or greater were considered oncoprotein antibody producers and values below 74 were considered negative. Abbreviations for RECIST 1.1 response criteria are as follows: CR = complete response; PR = partial response; PD = progressive disease. (DOCX 114 kb)

46. Additional file 4: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Frequency of IFN-γ and/or IL-2 secreting CD8 T cells in response to Merkel polyomavirus peptide pools. IFN-γ and/or IL-2 in A) 2 of 13 VP-MCC responders and B) 1 of 4 VP-MCC non-responders was detectible via flow cytometry after a 16 h stimulation with MCPyV peptide pools. Dotted line represents background signal cutoff. *Post = first blood draw after initiation of treatment. (DOCX 425 kb)

47. 31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one

Author

Lundqvist, Andreas, van Hoef, Vincent, Zhang, Xiaonan, Wennerberg, Erik, Lorent, Julie, Witt, Kristina, Sanz, Laia Masvidal, Liang, Shuo, Murray, Shannon, Larsson, Ola, Kiessling, Rolf, Mao, Yumeng, Sidhom, John-William, Bessell, Catherine A., Havel, Jonathan, Schneck, Jonathan, Chan, Timothy A., Sachsenmeier, Eliot, Woods, David, Berglund, Anders, Ramakrishnan, Rupal, Sodre, Andressa, Weber, Jeffrey, Zappasodi, Roberta, Li, Yanyun, Qi, Jingjing, Wong, Philip, Sirard, Cynthia, Postow, Michael, Newman, Walter, Koon, Henry, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Callahan, Margaret K., Wolchok, Jedd D., Merghoub, Taha, Lum, Lawrence G., Choi, Minsig, Thakur, Archana, Deol, Abhinav, Dyson, Gregory, Shields, Anthony, Haymaker, Cara, Uemura, Marc, Murthy, Ravi, James, Marihella, Wang, Daqing, Brevard, Julie, Monaghan, Catherine, Swann, Suzanne, Geib, James, Cornfeld, Mark, Chunduru, Srinivas, Agrawal, Sudhir, Yee, Cassian, Wargo, Jennifer, Patel, Sapna P., Amaria, Rodabe, Tawbi, Hussein, Glitza, Isabella, Woodman, Scott, Hwu, Wen-Jen, Davies, Michael A., Hwu, Patrick, Overwijk, Willem W., Bernatchez, Chantale, Diab, Adi, Massarelli, Erminia, Segal, Neil H., Ribrag, Vincent, Melero, Ignacio, Gangadhar, Tara C., Urba, Walter, Schadendorf, Dirk, Ferris, Robert L., Houot, Roch, Morschhauser, Franck, Logan, Theodore, Luke, Jason J., Sharfman, William, Barlesi, Fabrice, Ott, Patrick A., Mansi, Laura, Kummar, Shivaani, Salles, Gilles, Carpio, Cecilia, Meier, Roland, Krishnan, Suba, McDonald, Dan, Maurer, Matthew, Gu, Xuemin, Neely, Jaclyn, Suryawanshi, Satyendra, Levy, Ronald, Khushalani, Nikhil, Wu, Jennifer, Zhang, Jinyu, Basher, Fahmin, Rubinstein, Mark, Bucsek, Mark, Qiao, Guanxi, MacDonald, Cameron, Hylander, Bonnie, Repasky, Elizabeth, Chatterjee, Shilpak, Daenthanasanmak, Anusara, Chakraborty, Paramita, Toth, Kyle, Meek, Megan, Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, Nishimura, Michael, Paulos, Chrystal, Beeson, Craig, Yu, Xuezhong, Mehrotra, Shikhar, Zhao, Fei, Evans, Kathy, Xiao, Christine, Holtzhausen, Alisha, Hanks, Brent A., Scharping, Nicole, Menk, Ashley V., Moreci, Rebecca, Whetstone, Ryan, Dadey, Rebekah, Watkins, Simon, Ferris, Robert, Delgoffe, Greg M., Peled, Jonathan, Devlin, Sean, Staffas, Anna, Lumish, Melissa, Rodriguez, Kori Porosnicu, Ahr, Katya, Perales, Miguel, Giralt, Sergio, Taur, Ying, Pamer, Eric, van den Brink, Marcel R. M., Jenq, Robert, Annels, Nicola, Pandha, Hardev, Simpson, Guy, Mostafid, Hugh, Harrington, Kevin, Melcher, Alan, Grose, Mark, Davies, Bronwyn, Au, Gough, Karpathy, Roberta, Shafren, Darren, Ricca, Jacob, Zamarin, Dmitriy, Batista, Luciana, Marliot, Florence, Vasaturo, Angela, Carpentier, Sabrina, Poggionovo, Cécile, Frayssinet, Véronique, Fieschi, Jacques, Van den Eynde, Marc, Pagès, Franck, Galon, Jérôme, Hermitte, Fabienne, Smith, Sean G., Nguyen, Khue, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Koppolu, Bhanu, Zaharoff, David, Schvartsman, Gustavo, Bassett, Roland, McQuade, Jennifer L., Haydu, Lauren E., Kline, Douglas, Chen, Xiufen, Fosco, Dominick, Kline, Justin, Overacre, Abigail, Chikina, Maria, Brunazzi, Erin, Shayan, Gulidanna, Horne, William, Kolls, Jay, Bruno, Tullia C., Workman, Creg, Vignali, Dario, Adusumilli, Prasad S., Ansa-Addo, Ephraim A, Li, Zihai, Gerry, Andrew, Sanderson, Joseph P., Howe, Karen, Docta, Roslin, Gao, Qian, Bagg, Eleanor A. L., Tribble, Nicholas, Maroto, Miguel, Betts, Gareth, Bath, Natalie, Melchiori, Luca, Lowther, Daniel E., Ramachandran, Indu, Kari, Gabor, Basu, Samik, Binder-Scholl, Gwendolyn, Chagin, Karen, Pandite, Lini, Holdich, Tom, Amado, Rafael, Zhang, Hua, Glod, John, Bernstein, Donna, Jakobsen, Bent, Mackall, Crystal, Wong, Ryan, Silk, Jonathan D., Adams, Katherine, Hamilton, Garth, Bennett, Alan D., Brett, Sara, Jing, Junping, Quattrini, Adriano, Saini, Manoj, Wiedermann, Guy, Brewer, Joanna, Duong, MyLinh, Lu, An, Chang, Peter, Mahendravada, Aruna, Shinners, Nicholas, Slawin, Kevin, Spencer, David M., Foster, Aaron E., Bayle, J. Henri, Bergamaschi, Cristina, Ng, Sinnie Sin Man, Nagy, Bethany, Jensen, Shawn, Hu, Xintao, Alicea, Candido, Fox, Bernard, Felber, Barbara, Pavlakis, George, Chacon, Jessica, Yamamoto, Tori, Garrabrant, Thomas, Cortina, Luis, Powell, Daniel J., Donia, Marco, Kjeldsen, Julie Westerlin, Andersen, Rikke, Westergaard, Marie Christine Wulff, Bianchi, Valentina, Legut, Mateusz, Attaf, Meriem, Dolton, Garry, Szomolay, Barbara, Ott, Sascha, Lyngaa, Rikke, Hadrup, Sine Reker, Sewell, Andrew Kelvin, Svane, Inge Marie, Fan, Aaron, Kumai, Takumi, Celis, Esteban, Frank, Ian, Stramer, Amanda, Blaskovich, Michelle A., Wardell, Seth, Fardis, Maria, Bender, James, Lotze, Michael T., Goff, Stephanie L., Zacharakis, Nikolaos, Assadipour, Yasmine, Prickett, Todd D., Gartner, Jared J., Somerville, Robert, Black, Mary, Xu, Hui, Chinnasamy, Harshini, Kriley, Isaac, Lu, Lily, Wunderlich, John, Robbins, Paul F., Rosenberg, Steven, Feldman, Steven A., Trebska-McGowan, Kasia, Malekzadeh, Parisa, Payabyab, Eden, Sherry, Richard, Gokuldass, Aishwarya, Kopits, Charlene, Rabinovich, Brian, Green, Daniel S., Kamenyeva, Olena, Zoon, Kathryn C., Annunziata, Christina M., Hammill, Joanne, Helsen, Christopher, Aarts, Craig, Bramson, Jonathan, Harada, Yui, Yonemitsu, Yoshikazu, Mwawasi, Kenneth, Denisova, Galina, Giri, Rajanish, Jin, Benjamin, Campbell, Tracy, Draper, Lindsey M., Stevanovic, Sanja, Yu, Zhiya, Weissbrich, Bianca, Restifo, Nicholas P., Trimble, Cornelia L., Hinrichs, Christian S., Tsang, Kwong, Fantini, Massimo, Hodge, James W., Fujii, Rika, Fernando, Ingrid, Jochems, Caroline, Heery, Christopher, Gulley, James, Soon-Shiong, Patrick, Schlom, Jeffrey, Jing, Weiqing, Gershan, Jill, Blitzer, Grace, Weber, James, McOlash, Laura, Johnson, Bryon D., Kiany, Simin, Gangxiong, Huang, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., Klichinsky, Michael, Ruella, Marco, Shestova, Olga, Kenderian, Saad, Kim, Miriam, Scholler, John, June, Carl H., Gill, Saar, Moogk, Duane, Zhong, Shi, Liadi, Ivan, Rittase, William, Fang, Victoria, Dougherty, Janna, Perez-Garcia, Arianne, Osman, Iman, Zhu, Cheng, Varadarajan, Navin, Frey, Alan, Krogsgaard, Michelle, Landi, Daniel, Fousek, Kristen, Mukherjee, Malini, Shree, Ankita, Joseph, Sujith, Bielamowicz, Kevin, Byrd, Tiara, Ahmed, Nabil, Hegde, Meenakshi, Lee, Sylvia, Byrd, David, Thompson, John, Bhatia, Shailender, Tykodi, Scott, Delismon, Judy, Chu, Liz, Abdul-Alim, Siddiq, Ohanian, Arpy, DeVito, Anna Marie, Riddell, Stanley, Margolin, Kim, Magalhaes, Isabelle, Mattsson, Jonas, Uhlin, Michael, Nemoto, Satoshi, Villarroel, Patricio Pérez, Nakagawa, Ryosuke, Mule, James J., Mailloux, Adam W., Mata, Melinda, Nguyen, Phuong, Gerken, Claudia, DeRenzo, Christopher, Gottschalk, Stephen, Mathieu, Mélissa, Pelletier, Sandy, Stagg, John, Turcotte, Simon, Minutolo, Nicholas, Sharma, Prannda, Tsourkas, Andrew, Mockel-Tenbrinck, Nadine, Mauer, Daniela, Drechsel, Katharina, Barth, Carola, Freese, Katharina, Kolrep, Ulrike, Schult, Silke, Assenmacher, Mario, Kaiser, Andrew, Mullinax, John, Hall, MacLean, Le, Julie, Kodumudi, Krithika, Royster, Erica, Richards, Allison, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Sarnaik, Amod, Pilon-Thomas, Shari, Nielsen, Morten, Krarup-Hansen, Anders, Hovgaard, Dorrit, Petersen, Michael Mørk, Loya, Anand Chainsukh, Junker, Niels, Rivas, Charlotte, Parihar, Robin, Rooney, Cliona M., Qin, Haiying, Nguyen, Sang, Su, Paul, Burk, Chad, Duncan, Brynn, Kim, Bong-Hyun, Kohler, M. Eric, Fry, Terry, Rao, Arjun A., Teyssier, Noam, Pfeil, Jacob, Sgourakis, Nikolaos, Salama, Sofie, Haussler, David, Richman, Sarah A., Nunez-Cruz, Selene, Gershenson, Zack, Mourelatos, Zissimos, Barrett, David, Grupp, Stephan, Milone, Michael, Rodriguez-Garcia, Alba, Robinson, Matthew K., Adams, Gregory P., Santos, João, Havunen, Riikka, Siurala, Mikko, Cervera-Carrascón, Víctor, Parviainen, Suvi, Antilla, Marjukka, Hemminki, Akseli, Sethuraman, Jyothi, Santiago, Laurelis, Chen, Jie Qing, Dai, Zhimin, Sha, Huizi, Su, Shu, Ding, Naiqing, Liu, Baorui, Pasetto, Anna, Helman, Sarah R., Rosenberg, Steven A., Burgess, Melissa, Zhang, Hui, Lee, Tien, Klingemann, Hans, Nghiem, Paul, Kirkwood, John M., Rossi, John M., Sherman, Marika, Xue, Allen, Shen, Yueh-wei, Navale, Lynn, Kochenderfer, James N., Bot, Adrian, Veerapathran, Anandaraman, Wiener, Doris, Waller, Edmund K., Li, Jian-Ming, Petersen, Christopher, Blazar, Bruce R., Li, Jingxia, Giver, Cynthia R., Wang, Ziming, Grossenbacher, Steven K., Sturgill, Ian, Canter, Robert J., Murphy, William J., Zhang, Congcong, Burger, Michael C., Jennewein, Lukas, Waldmann, Anja, Mittelbronn, Michel, Tonn, Torsten, Steinbach, Joachim P., Wels, Winfried S., Williams, Jason B., Zha, Yuanyuan, Gajewski, Thomas F., Williams, LaTerrica C., Krenciute, Giedre, Kalra, Mamta, Louis, Chrystal, Xin, Gang, Schauder, David, Jiang, Aimin, Joshi, Nikhil, Cui, Weiguo, Zeng, Xue, Zhao, Zeguo, Hamieh, Mohamad, Eyquem, Justin, Gunset, Gertrude, Bander, Neil, Sadelain, Michel, Askmyr, David, Abolhalaj, Milad, Lundberg, Kristina, Greiff, Lennart, Lindstedt, Malin, Angell, Helen K., Kim, Kyoung-Mee, Kim, Seung-Tae, Kim, Sung, Sharpe, Alan D., Ogden, Julia, Davenport, Anna, Hodgson, Darren R., Barrett, Carl, Lee, Jeeyun, Kilgour, Elaine, Hanson, Jodi, Caspell, Richard, Karulin, Alexey, Lehmann, Paul, Ansari, Tameem, Schiller, Annemarie, Sundararaman, Srividya, Roen, Diana, Ayers, Mark, Levitan, Diane, Arreaza, Gladys, Liu, Fang, Mogg, Robin, Bang, Yung-Jue, O’Neil, Bert, Cristescu, Razvan, Friedlander, Philip, Wassman, Karl, Kyi, Chrisann, Oh, William, Bhardwaj, Nina, Bornschlegl, Svetlana, Gustafson, Michael P., Gastineau, Dennis A., Parney, Ian F., Dietz, Allan B., Carvajal-Hausdorf, Daniel, Mani, Nikita, Schalper, Kurt, Rimm, David, Chang, Serena, Kurland, John, Ahlers, Christoph Matthias, Jure-Kunkel, Maria, Cohen, Lewis, Maecker, Holden, Kohrt, Holbrook, Chen, Shuming, Crabill, George, Pritchard, Theresa, McMiller, Tracee, Pardoll, Drew, Pan, Fan, Topalian, Suzanne, Danaher, Patrick, Warren, Sarah, Dennis, Lucas, White, Andrew M., D’Amico, Leonard, Geller, Melissa, Disis, Mary L., Beechem, Joseph, Odunsi, Kunle, Fling, Steven, Derakhshandeh, Roshanak, Webb, Tonya J., Dubois, Sigrid, Conlon, Kevin, Bryant, Bonita, Hsu, Jennifer, Beltran, Nancy, Müller, Jürgen, Waldmann, Thomas, Duhen, Rebekka, Duhen, Thomas, Thompson, Lucas, Montler, Ryan, Weinberg, Andrew, Kates, Max, Early, Brandon, Yusko, Erik, Schreiber, Taylor H., Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Lunceford, Jared, Nebozhyn, Michael, Murphy, Erin, Loboda, Andrey, Kaufman, David R., Albright, Andrew, Cheng, Jonathan, Kang, S. Peter, Shankaran, Veena, Piha-Paul, Sarina A., Yearley, Jennifer, Seiwert, Tanguy, Ribas, Antoni, McClanahan, Terrill K., Sher, Xinwei, Liu, Xiao Qiao, Joe, Andrew, Plimack, Elizabeth, Forrest-Hay, Alex, Guyre, Cheryl A., Narumiya, Kohei, Delcommenne, Marc, Hirsch, Heather A., Deshpande, Amit, Reeves, Jason, Shu, Jenny, Zi, Tong, Michaelson, Jennifer, Law, Debbie, Trehu, Elizabeth, Sathyanaryanan, Sriram, Hodkinson, Brendan P., Hutnick, Natalie A., Schaffer, Michael E., Gormley, Michael, Hulett, Tyler, Ballesteros-Merino, Carmen, Dubay, Christopher, Afentoulis, Michael, Reddy, Ashok, David, Larry, Jayant, Kumar, Agrawal, Swati, Agrawal, Rajendra, Jeyakumar, Ghayathri, Kim, Seongho, Kim, Heejin, Silski, Cynthia, Suisham, Stacey, Heath, Elisabeth, Vaishampayan, Ulka, Vandeven, Natalie, Viller, Natasja Nielsen, O’Connor, Alison, Chen, Hui, Bossen, Bolette, Sievers, Eric, Uger, Robert, Johnson, Lisa, Kao, Hsiang-Fong, Hsiao, Chin-Fu, Lai, Shu-Chuan, Wang, Chun-Wei, Ko, Jenq-Yuh, Lou, Pei-Jen, Lee, Tsai-Jan, Liu, Tsang-Wu, Hong, Ruey-Long, Kearney, Staci J., Black, Joshua C., Landis, Benjamin J., Koegler, Sally, Hirsch, Brooke, Gianani, Roberto, Kim, Jeffrey, He, Ming-Xiao, Zhang, Bingqing, Su, Nan, Luo, Yuling, Ma, Xiao-Jun, Park, Emily, Kim, Dae Won, Copploa, Domenico, Kothari, Nishi, doo Chang, Young, Kim, Richard, Kim, Namyong, Lye, Melvin, Wan, Ee, Knaus, Hanna A., Berglund, Sofia, Hackl, Hubert, Karp, Judith E., Gojo, Ivana, Luznik, Leo, Hong, Henoch S., Koch, Sven D., Scheel, Birgit, Gnad-Vogt, Ulrike, Kallen, Karl-Josef, Wiegand, Volker, Backert, Linus, Kohlbacher, Oliver, Hoerr, Ingmar, Fotin-Mleczek, Mariola, Billingsley, James M., Koguchi, Yoshinobu, Conrad, Valerie, Miller, William, Gonzalez, Iliana, Poplonski, Tomasz, Meeuwsen, Tanisha, Howells-Ferreira, Ana, Rattray, Rogan, Campbell, Mary, Bifulco, Carlo, Bahjat, Keith, Curti, Brendan, Vetsika, E-K, Kallergi, G., Aggouraki, Despoina, Lyristi, Z., Katsarlinos, P., Koinis, Filippos, Georgoulias, V., Kotsakis, Athanasios, Martin, Nathan T., Aeffner, Famke, Cerkovnik, Logan, Pratte, Luke, Kim, Rebecca, Krueger, Joseph, Martínez-Usatorre, Amaia, Jandus, Camilla, Donda, Alena, Carretero-Iglesia, Laura, Speiser, Daniel E., Zehn, Dietmar, Rufer, Nathalie, Romero, Pedro, Panda, Anshuman, Mehnert, Janice, Hirshfield, Kim M., Riedlinger, Greg, Damare, Sherri, Saunders, Tracie, Sokol, Levi, Stein, Mark, Poplin, Elizabeth, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Lorna, Silk, Ann, Chan, Nancy, Frankel, Melissa, Kane, Michael, Malhotra, Jyoti, Aisner, Joseph, Kaufman, Howard L., Ali, Siraj, Ross, Jeffrey, White, Eileen, Bhanot, Gyan, Ganesan, Shridar, Monette, Anne, Bergeron, Derek, Amor, Amira Ben, Meunier, Liliane, Caron, Christine, Morou, Antigoni, Kaufmann, Daniel, Liberman, Moishe, Jurisica, Igor, Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Hamzaoui, Kamel, Lapointe, Rejean, Mongan, Ann, Ku, Yuan-Chieh, Tom, Warren, Sun, Yongming, Pankov, Alex, Looney, Tim, Au-Young, Janice, Hyland, Fiona, Conroy, Jeff, Morrison, Carl, Glenn, Sean, Burgher, Blake, Ji, He, Gardner, Mark, Omilian, Angela R., Bshara, Wiam, Angela, Omilian, Obeid, Joseph M., Erdag, Gulsun, Smolkin, Mark E., Deacon, Donna H., Patterson, James W., Chen, Lieping, Bullock, Timothy N., Slingluff, Craig L., Loffredo, John T., Vuyyuru, Raja, Beyer, Sophie, Spires, Vanessa M., Fox, Maxine, Ehrmann, Jon M., Taylor, Katrina A., Korman, Alan J., Graziano, Robert F., Page, David, Sanchez, Katherine, Martel, Maritza, De Macedo, Mariana Petaccia, Qin, Yong, Reuben, Alex, Spencer, Christine, Guindani, Michele, Racolta, Adriana, Kelly, Brian, Jones, Tobin, Polaske, Nathan, Theiss, Noah, Robida, Mark, Meridew, Jeffrey, Habensus, Iva, Zhang, Liping, Pestic-Dragovich, Lidija, Tang, Lei, Sullivan, Ryan J., Olencki, Thomas, Hutson, Thomas, Roder, Joanna, Blackmon, Shauna, Roder, Heinrich, Stewart, John, Amin, Asim, Ernstoff, Marc S., Clark, Joseph I., Atkins, Michael B., Sosman, Jeffrey, McDermott, David F., Kluger, Harriet, Halaban, Ruth, Snzol, Mario, Asmellash, Senait, Steingrimsson, Arni, Wang, Chichung, Roman, Kristin, Clement, Amanda, Downing, Sean, Hoyt, Clifford, Harder, Nathalie, Schmidt, Guenter, Schoenmeyer, Ralf, Brieu, Nicolas, Yigitsoy, Mehmet, Madonna, Gabriele, Botti, Gerardo, Grimaldi, Antonio, Ascierto, Paolo A., Huss, Ralf, Athelogou, Maria, Hessel, Harald, Buchner, Alexander, Stief, Christian, Binnig, Gerd, Kirchner, Thomas, Sellappan, Shankar, Thyparambil, Sheeno, Schwartz, Sarit, Cecchi, Fabiola, Nguyen, Andrew, Vaske, Charles, Hembrough, Todd, Spacek, Jan, Vocka, Michal, Zavadova, Eva, Skalova, Helena, Dundr, Pavel, Petruzelka, Lubos, Francis, Nicole, Tilman, Rau T., Hartmann, Arndt, Netikova, Irena, Stump, Julia, Tufman, Amanda, Berger, Frank, Neuberger, Michael, Hatz, Rudolf, Lindner, Michael, Sanborn, Rachel E., Handy, John, Huber, Rudolf M., Winter, Hauke, Reu, Simone, Sun, Cheng, Xiao, Weihua, Tian, Zhigang, Arora, Kshitij, Desai, Niyati, Kulkarni, Anupriya, Rajurkar, Mihir, Rivera, Miguel, Deshpande, Vikram, Ting, David, Tsai, Katy, Nosrati, Adi, Goldinger, Simone, Hamid, Omid, Algazi, Alain, Tumeh, Paul, Hwang, Jimmy, Liu, Jacqueline, Chen, Lawrence, Dummer, Reinhard, Rosenblum, Michael, Daud, Adil, Tsao, Tsu-Shuen, Ashworth-Sharpe, Julia, Johnson, Donald, Bhaumik, Srabani, Bieniarz, Christopher, Couto, Joseph, Farrell, Michael, Ghaffari, Mahsa, Hubbard, Antony, Kosmeder, Jerome, Lee, Cleo, Marner, Erin, Uribe, Diana, Zhang, Hongjun, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Wenjun, Zhu, Yifei, Morrison, Larry, Tsujikawa, Takahiro, Borkar, Rohan N., Azimi, Vahid, Kumar, Sushil, Thibault, Guillaume, Mori, Motomi, El Rassi, Edward, Clayburgh, Daniel R., Kulesz-Martin, Molly F., Flint, Paul W., Coussens, Lisa M., Villabona, Lisa, Masucci, Giuseppe V., Geiss, Gary, Birditt, Brian, Mei, Qian, Huang, Alan, Eagan, Maribeth A., Ignacio, Eduardo, Elliott, Nathan, Dunaway, Dwayne, Jung, Jaemyeong, Merritt, Chris, Sprague, Isaac, Webster, Philippa, Liang, Yan, Wenthe, Jessica, Enblad, Gunilla, Karlsson, Hannah, Essand, Magnus, Savoldo, Barbara, Dotti, Gianpietro, Höglund, Martin, Brenner, Malcolm K., Hagberg, Hans, Loskog, Angelica, Bernett, Matthew J., Moore, Gregory L., Hedvat, Michael, Bonzon, Christine, Chu, Seung, Rashid, Rumana, Avery, Kendra N., Muchhal, Umesh, Desjarlais, John, Kraman, Matthew, Kmiecik, Katarzyna, Allen, Natalie, Faroudi, Mustapha, Zimarino, Carlo, Wydro, Mateusz, Doody, Jacqueline, Srinivasa, Sreesha P., Govindappa, Nagaraja, Reddy, Praveen, Dubey, Aparajita, Periyasamy, Sankar, Adekandi, Madhukara, Dey, Chaitali, Joy, Mary, van Loo, Pieter Fokko, Veninga, Henrike, Shamsili, Setareh, Throsby, Mark, Dolstra, Harry, Bakker, Lex, Alva, Ajjai, Gschwendt, Juergen, Loriot, Yohann, Bellmunt, Joaquim, Feng, Dai, Poehlein, Christian, Powles, Thomas, Antonarakis, Emmanuel S., Drake, Charles G., Wu, Haiyan, De Bono, Johann, Bannerji, Rajat, Byrd, John, Gregory, Gareth, Opat, Stephen, Shortt, Jake, Yee, Andrew J., Raje, Noopur, Thompson, Seth, Balakumaran, Arun, Kumar, Shaji, Rini, Brian I., Choueiri, Toni K., Mariani, Mariangela, Albiges, Laurence, Haanen, John B., Larkin, James, Schmidinger, Manuela, Magazzù, Domenico, di Pietro, Alessandra, Motzer, Robert J., Borch, Troels Holz, Kongsted, Per, Pedersen, Magnus, Met, Özcan, Boudadi, Karim, Wang, Hao, Vasselli, James, Baughman, Jan E., Wigginton, Jon, Abdallah, Rehab, Ross, Ashley, Park, Jiwon, Grossenbacher, Steven, Luna, Jesus I., Withers, Sita, Culp, William, Chen, Mingyi, Monjazeb, Arta, Kent, Michael S., Chandran, Smita, Danforth, David, Yang, James, Klebanoff, Christopher, Goff, Stephanie, Paria, Biman, Sabesan, Arvind, Srivastava, Abhishek, Kammula, Udai, Richards, Jon, Faries, Mark, Andtbacka, Robert H. I., Diaz, Luis A., Le, Dung T., Yoshino, Takayuki, André, Thierry, Bendell, Johanna, Koshiji, Minori, Zhang, Yayan, Kang, S Peter, Lam, Bao, Jäger, Dirk, Bauer, Todd M., Wang, Judy S., Lee, Jean K., Manji, Gulam A., Kudchadkar, Ragini, Kauh, John S., Tang, Shande, Laing, Naomi, Falchook, Gerald, Garon, Edward B., Halmos, Balazs, Rina, Hui, Leighl, Natasha, Lee, Sung Sook, Walsh, William, Dragnev, Konstanin, Piperdi, Bilal, Rodriguez, Luis Paz-Ares, Shinwari, Nabeegha, Wei, Ziewn, Maas, Mary L, Deeds, Michael, Armstrong, Adam, Peterson, Tim, Steinmetz, Sue, Herzog, Thomas, Backes, Floor J., Copeland, Larry, Del Pilar Estevez Diz, Maria, Hare, Thomas W., Huh, Warner, Kim, Byoung-Gie, Moore, Kathleen M., Oaknin, Ana, Small, William, Tewari, Krishnansu S., Monk, Bradley J., Kamat, Ashish M., Nam, Kijoeng, De Santis, Maria, Dreicer, Robert, Hahn, Noah M., Perini, Rodolfo, Siefker-Radtke, Arlene, Sonpavde, Guru, de Wit, Ronald, Witjes, J. Alfred, Keefe, Stephen, Bajorin, Dean, Armand, Philippe, Kuruvilla, John, Moskowitz, Craig, Hamadani, Mehdi, Zinzani, Pier Luigi, Chlosta, Sabine, Bartlett, Nancy, Sabado, Rachel, Saenger, Yvonne, William, Loging, Donovan, Michael Joseph, Sacris, Erlinda, Mandeli, John, Salazar, Andres M., Powderly, John, Brody, Joshua, Nemunaitis, John, Emens, Leisha, Patnaik, Amita, McCaffery, Ian, Miller, Richard, Laport, Ginna, Coveler, Andrew L., Smith, David C., Grilley-Olson, Juneko E., Goel, Sanjay, Gardai, Shyra J., Law, Che-Leung, Means, Gary, Manley, Thomas, Marrone, Kristen A., Rosner, Gary, Anagnostou, Valsamo, Riemer, Joanne, Wakefield, Jessica, Zanhow, Cynthia, Baylin, Stephen, Gitlitz, Barbara, Brahmer, Julie, Signoretti, Sabina, Li, Wenting, Schloss, Charles, Michot, Jean-Marie, Ding, Wei, Christian, Beth, Marinello, Patricia, Shipp, Margaret, Najjar, Yana G., Lin, Butterfield, Lisa H., Tarhini, Ahmad A., Davar, Diwakar, Zarour, Hassane, Rush, Elizabeth, Sander, Cindy, Fu, Siqing, Bauer, Todd, Molineaux, Chris, Bennett, Mark K., Orford, Keith W., Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P., Padda, Sukhmani K., Shah, Sumit A., Colevas, A Dimitrios, Narayanan, Sujata, Fisher, George A., Supan, Dana, Wakelee, Heather A., Aoki, Rhonda, Pegram, Mark D., Villalobos, Victor M., Liu, Jie, Takimoto, Chris H., Chao, Mark, Volkmer, Jens-Peter, Majeti, Ravindra, Weissman, Irving L., Sikic, Branimir I., Yu, Wendy, Conlin, Alison, Ruzich, Janet, Lewis, Stacy, Acheson, Anupama, Kemmer, Kathleen, Perlewitz, Kelly, Moxon, Nicole M., Mellinger, Staci, McArthur, Heather, Juhler-Nøttrup, Trine, Desai, Jayesh, Markman, Ben, Sandhu, Shahneen, Gan, Hui, Friedlander, Michael L., Tran, Ben, Meniawy, Tarek, Lundy, Joanne, Colyer, Duncan, Ameratunga, Malaka, Norris, Christie, Yang, Jason, Li, Kang, Wang, Lai, Luo, Lusong, Qin, Zhen, Mu, Song, Tan, Xuemei, Song, James, Millward, Michael, Katz, Matthew H. G., Bauer, Todd W., Varadhachary, Gauri R., Acquavella, Nicolas, Merchant, Nipun, Petroni, Gina, Rahma, Osama E., Chen, Mei, Song, Yang, Puhlmann, Markus, Khattri, Arun, Brisson, Ryan, Harvey, Christopher, Shah, Jatin, Mateos, Maria Victoria, Matsumoto, Morio, Blacklock, Hilary, Rocafiguera, Albert Oriol, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Iida, Shinsuke, Yehuda, Dina Ben, Ocio, Enrique, Rodríguez-Otero, Paula, Jagannath, Sundar, Lonial, Sagar, Kher, Uma, San-Miguel, Jesus, de Oliveira, Moacyr Ribeiro, Yimer, Habte, Rifkin, Robert, Schjesvold, Fredrik, Ghori, Razi, Spreafico, Anna, Lee, Victor, Ngan, Roger K. C., To, Ka Fai, Ahn, Myung Ju, Ng, Quan Sing, Lin, Jin-Ching, Swaby, Ramona F., Gause, Christine, Saraf, Sanatan, Chan, Anthony T. C., Lam, Elaine, Tannir, Nizar M., Meric-Bernstam, Funda, Gross, Matt, MacKinnon, Andy, Whiting, Sam, Voss, Martin, Yu, Evan Y., Albertini, Mark R., Ranheim, Erik A., Hank, Jacquelyn A., Zuleger, Cindy, McFarland, Thomas, Collins, Jennifer, Clements, Erin, Weber, Sharon, Weigel, Tracey, Neuman, Heather, Hartig, Greg, Mahvi, David, Henry, MaryBeth, Gan, Jacek, Yang, Richard, Carmichael, Lakeesha, Kim, KyungMann, Gillies, Stephen D., Sondel, Paul M., Subbiah, Vivek, Noffsinger, Lori, Hendricks, Kyle, Bosch, Marnix, Lee, Jay M., Lee, Mi-Heon, Goldman, Jonathan W., Baratelli, Felicita E., Schaue, Dorthe, Wang, Gerald, Rosen, Frances, Yanagawa, Jane, Walser, Tonya C., Lin, Ying Q., Adams, Sharon, Marincola, Franco M., Tumeh, Paul C., Abtin, Fereidoun, Suh, Robert, Reckamp, Karen, Wallace, William D., Zeng, Gang, Elashoff, David A., Sharma, Sherven, Dubinett, Steven M., Pavlick, Anna C., Gastman, Brian, Hanks, Brent, Keler, Tibor, Davis, Tom, Vitale, Laura A., Sharon, Elad, Morishima, Chihiro, Cheever, Martin, Heery, Christopher R., Kim, Joseph W., Lamping, Elizabeth, Marte, Jennifer, McMahon, Sheri, Cordes, Lisa, Fakhrejahani, Farhad, Madan, Ravi, Salazar, Rachel, Zhang, Maggie, Helwig, Christoph, Gulley, James L, Li, Roger, Amrhein, John, Cohen, Zvi, Champagne, Monique, Kamat, Ashish, Aznar, M. Angela, Labiano, Sara, Diaz-Lagares, Angel, Esteller, Manel, Sandoval, Juan, Barbee, Susannah D., Bellovin, David I., Timmer, John C., Wondyfraw, Nebiyu, Johnson, Susan, Park, Johanna, Chen, Amanda, Mkrtichyan, Mikayel, Razai, Amir S., Jones, Kyle S., Hata, Chelsie Y., Gonzalez, Denise, Deveraux, Quinn, Eckelman, Brendan P., Borges, Luis, Bhardwaj, Rukmini, Puri, Raj K., Suzuki, Akiko, Leland, Pamela, Joshi, Bharat H., Bartkowiak, Todd, Jaiswal, Ashvin, Ager, Casey, Ai, Midan, Budhani, Pratha, Chin, Renee, Hong, David, Curran, Michael, Hastings, William D., Pinzon-Ortiz, Maria, Murakami, Masato, Dobson, Jason R., Quinn, David, Wagner, Joel P., Rong, Xianhui, Shaw, Pamela, Dammassa, Ernesta, Guan, Wei, Dranoff, Glenn, Cao, Alexander, Fulton, Ross B., Leonardo, Steven, Fraser, Kathryn, Kangas, Takashi O., Ottoson, Nadine, Bose, Nandita, Huhn, Richard D., Graff, Jeremy, Lowe, Jamie, Gorden, Keith, Uhlik, Mark, O’Neill, Thomas, Widger, Jenifer, Crocker, Andrea, He, Li-Zhen, Weidlick, Jeffrey, Sundarapandiyan, Karuna, Ramakrishna, Venky, Storey, James, Thomas, Lawrence J., Goldstein, Joel, Marsh, Henry C., Grailer, Jamison, Gilden, Julia, Stecha, Pete, Garvin, Denise, Hartnett, Jim, Fan, Frank, Cong, Mei, Cheng, Zhi-jie Jey, Hinner, Marlon J., Aiba, Rachida-Siham Bel, Schlosser, Corinna, Jaquin, Thomas, Allersdorfer, Andrea, Berger, Sven, Wiedenmann, Alexander, Matschiner, Gabriele, Schüler, Julia, Moebius, Ulrich, Rothe, Christine, Shane, Olwill A., Horton, Brendan, Spranger, Stefani, Moreira, Dayson, Adamus, Tomasz, Zhao, Xingli, Swiderski, Piotr, Pal, Sumanta, Kortylewski, Marcin, Kosmides, Alyssa, Necochea, Kevin, Mahoney, Kathleen M., Shukla, Sachet A., Patsoukis, Nikolaos, Chaudhri, Apoorvi, Pham, Hung, Hua, Ping, Bu, Xia, Zhu, Baogong, Hacohen, Nir, Wu, Catherine J., Fritsch, Edward, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Freeman, Gordon J., Moran, Amy E., Polesso, Fanny, Lukaesko, Lisa, Rådestad, Emelie, Egevad, Lars, Sundberg, Berit, Henningsohn, Lars, Levitsky, Victor, Rafelson, William, Reagan, John L., Fast, Loren, Sasikumar, Pottayil, Sudarshan, Naremaddepalli, Ramachandra, Raghuveer, Gowda, Nagesh, Samiulla, Dodheri, Chandrasekhar, Talapaneni, Adurthi, Sreenivas, Mani, Jiju, Nair, Rashmi, Dhudashia, Amit, Gowda, Nagaraj, Ramachandra, Murali, Sankin, Alexander, Gartrell, Benjamin, Cumberbatch, Kerwin, Huang, Hongying, Stern, Joshua, Schoenberg, Mark, Zang, Xingxing, Swanson, Ryan, Kornacker, Michael, Evans, Lawrence, Rickel, Erika, Wolfson, Martin, Valsesia-Wittmann, Sandrine, Shekarian, Tala, Simard, François, Nailo, Rodrigo, Dutour, Aurélie, Jallas, Anne-Catherine, Caux, Christophe, and Marabelle, Aurélien

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Meeting Abstracts
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48. Additional file 3: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Frequency of tetramer+ CD8 T cells. Frequency of MCPyV tetramer positive CD8 T cells are reported in percent of all CD8s with background subtracted. Abbreviations for RECIST 1.1 response criteria are as follows: CR = complete response; PR = partial response; PD = progressive disease. (DOCX 69 kb)

49. Additional file 2: of Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific immune responses in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy

Author

Miller, Natalie, Church, Candice, Fling, Steven, Kulikauskas, Rima, Nirasha Ramchurren, Shinohara, Michi, Kluger, Harriet, Shailender Bhatia, Lundgren, Lisa, Cheever, Martin, Topalian, Suzanne, and Nghiem, Paul

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Class I HLA Tetramers and MCPyV peptide pools. Description of data: A) Summary of HLA and peptide combinations used for CD8 class I tetramers including which position of the MCPyV oncoprotein (small, common, or large T antigen) the peptide corresponds to. B) Schematic of MCPyV peptide pools and locations of tetramer epitopes. Details of peptide pools are available in Iyer et al., 2011. (DOCX 364â kb)

50. Translational Research Working Group developmental pathway for immune response modifiers.

Author

Cheever MA, Schlom J, Weiner LM, Lyerly HK, Disis ML, Greenwood A, Grad O, and Nelson WG

Subjects
Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Immunotherapy methods, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Organization and Administration, Program Development, Software Design, United States, Cancer Vaccines therapeutic use, Immunologic Factors therapeutic use, Neoplasms therapy
Abstract

The Translational Research Working Group (TRWG) was created as a national initiative to evaluate the current status of the investment of National Cancer Institute in translational research and envision its future. The Translational Research Working Group conceptualized translational research as a set of six developmental processes or pathways focused on various clinical goals. One of those pathways describes the development of immune response modifiers such as vaccines and cytokines. A hallmark of the Immune Response Modifier Developmental Pathway is the coordinated development of multiple components. The Immune Response Modifier Pathway was conceived not as a comprehensive description of the corresponding real-world processes but rather as a tool designed to facilitate movement of a candidate assay through the translational process to the point where it can be handed off for definitive clinical testing. This paper discusses key challenges associated with the immune response modifier agent development process in light of the pathway.

Published
2008
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