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Aim: This study was conducted to observe the effect of feeding Acacia nilotica pod meal on hematobiochemical profile and gastrointestinal parasitic load in growing goats. Materials and Methods: To experiment was conducted for a period of 3-month on 24 male goats (3½ month old, average body weight [BW] 6.50±1.50 kg), distributed into four groups of six animals each. The experimental animals were fed graded level of A. nilotica pod meal (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) mixed in concentrate mixture equivalent to tannin concentration of 0%, 1.91%, 3.82% and 5.73% in the total mixed ration I, II, III and IV, respectively, but ad libitum measured quantity of green sorghum fodder (Sorghum bicolor) feeding. The blood samples were collected from experimental goats during the feeding experiment for the examination of different hematological indices and serum biochemical profile to know the overall health status of animals and standard method was followed to analyze the samples. Fecal sample was collected directly from the anus of goats by inserting middle finger and kept the samples in labeled polythene bag. Further fresh sample was processed and examined by McMaster Technique for eggs per gram and oocysts per gram. It gives accurate information regarding severity of infection. Results: The feeding of babul pod meal did not address significant changes about the hematological parameters among various treatment groups. The lymphocyte count was significantly higher (p=0.07) in T3 group as compared to control and increase with increase in level of babul pod meal in the diet. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level was 4.86 and 6.59% lower in T1 and T2 group as compared to control and inversely proportional with level of supplement in ration. The decrease in BUN reflected good dietary protein metabolism happened in animals supplemented with babul pod meal. Serum creatinine level was significantly lower (p

Aim: The present study was conducted to observe the effect of feeding dietary level of energy and protein on growth performance and immune status of Vanaraja chicken in the tropic. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted for 56 days on 540 1-day-old chicks, which were individually weighed and distributed into nine groups having 60 birds in each. Each group was further subdivided into triplicates having 20 birds in each. Nine different experimental rations were formulated with three levels of protein, viz., 17%, 19%, and 21%; each with three levels of energy (2600, 2800, and 3000 kcal metabolizable energy [ME]/kg), respectively. Group T8 serves as control fed with 21% protein and 2800 kcal energy as per Project Directorate of Poultry, Hyderabad given requirement. Feed consumption, live weight gain, body weight change, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated based on the amount of feed consumed every week. All the birds were vaccinated following standard protocol. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test have been performed to assess the immunity potential of birds due to dietary effect, and serum samples were subjected to HI test at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of age. Finally, economics of broiler production was calculated on the cost of feed per kg live weight gain. Results: This study revealed that the effect of feeding different levels of energy and protein on growth parameters such as body weight gain and FCR was found to be significantly higher (p

Aim: This study was planned to investigate the effect of sugar beet, neem leaf, linseed and coriander on growth parameters such as feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), performance index (PI), and carcass characteristics in broiler birds. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted for a period of 42 days on Vanaraja strain of broiler birds. Different dietary supplement such as sugar beet meal, neem leaf meal, linseed meal and coriander seed meal were used in the basal diet. All day-old 150 male chicks were individually weighed and distributed into five groups having 30 birds in each. Each group was further sub-divided into triplicates having 10 birds in each. Group T1served as control and rest groups T2, T3, T4 and T5 as treatment groups. Birds in T1 group were fed basal ration only, however, T2 , T3, T4 and T5 groups were fed basal ration mixed with 2.5% sugar beet meal, neem leaf meal, linseed meal, and coriander seed meal individually, respectively. Results: Broilers supplemented with herbs/spices showed improvement in growth attributes and carcass characteristics. Broilers fed with herbs at the rate of 2.5% had higher feed intake except sugar beet and coriander seed meal fed group. The body weight and weight gain was also significantly (p0.05) affected. Average giblet percentage of all supplemented groups were significantly (p

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding wheat or rice based complete ration as mash or block form on feed intake, nutrient utilization, blood biochemicals and growth in growing crossbred female calves. Wheat and rice straw based complete feeds having different proportion of roughages in mash form were densified into blocks by applying the pressure of 3,000 psi for dwell time of 30 sec in the complete feed block making machine. Physical characteristics like weight, dimension, bulk density, post compression expansion and durability were evaluated. The highest bulk density (562.2 kg/m3) and the lowest post compression expansion (28.18%) was observed in rice straw (50% inclusion level) based complete feed block. The blocks were denser and durable without any change in nutritional composition, however, rice straw based feed blocks were more durable with less post compression expansion as compared to wheat straw based blocks. Crossbred female calves (24) of 10–12 months age were divided into 4 groups of 6 calves each on the basis of body weight. Calves were fed mash form of 50% wheat (WM50) or rice (RM50) straw whereas corresponding other group was offered compressed complete feed blocks of wheat (WB50) or rice (RB50) straw based diet ad lib. and 2 kg green oat. Feeding trial lasted for 90 days. A digestion trial of 7 days duration was conducted to assess nutrient utilization and blood samples of animals were collected on 85th day of the experimental feeding to anlayse blood bio-chemicals. Average daily weight gain and feed conversion efficiency did not differ in crossbred calves of different groups, however, body weight gain and feed intake was higher in calves fed block as compared to mash form of feed. The digestibility of DM, CP, EE and NFE did not differ among the groups. The blood glucose, total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations, and AST and ALT activities were similar among different groups. It is concluded that feeding of complete ration in block form is beneficial in terms of feed intake, nutrient utilization, growth and feed conversion efficiency in growing crossbred female calves.

Present study was designed to investigate the dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on growth performance, lipid profile and meat fatty acid composition of Vanaraja birds under tropical condition. The experiment was conducted for 56 days on 300 Vanaraja birds divided into 5 different treatment groups of 60 birds each. T1 served as control group and fed only with basal ration whereas, other treatment groups such as T2, T3, T4 and T5 were supplemented with 5, 10, 15 and 20% Moringa oleifera leaf meal along with basal ration. Growth performance and feed conversion efficiency in Vanaraja chicken showed significant effect and good fluctuation was observed among the different treatment groups. The total cholesterol and triglyceride level decreased significantly as compared to control group. The fatty acid composition in chicken was significantly improved. However, the maximum profit per kg live weight was noted in T2 group and least profit observed in 20% MOLM fed group. It was concluded that the overall performances improved significantly with 5% followed by 10% Moringa oleifera leaf meal supplemented birds with achieving maximum profit and healthy meat production for human consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]