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1. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium

Author

Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez‐Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova‐Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo‐Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, and Vahidy, Farhaan S

Subjects
Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Brain Disorders, Alzheimer's Disease, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Dementia, Neurodegenerative, Prevention, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Aging, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, cognitive impairment, dementia, neuropsychiatric sequelae, predictors, SARS-CoV-2, SARS‐CoV‐2
Abstract

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervous system manifestations mediated by inflammation and cerebrovascular, anoxic, and/or viral neurotoxicity mechanisms. More than one third of patients with COVID-19 develop neurologic problems during the acute phase of the illness, including loss of sense of smell or taste, seizures, and stroke. Damage or functional changes to the brain may result in chronic sequelae. The risk of incident cognitive and neuropsychiatric complications appears independent from the severity of the original pulmonary illness. It behooves the scientific and medical community to attempt to understand the molecular and/or systemic factors linking COVID-19 to neurologic illness, both short and long term.MethodsThis article describes what is known so far in terms of links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. We focus on risk factors and possible molecular, inflammatory, and viral mechanisms underlying neurological injury. We also provide a comprehensive description of the Alzheimer's Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (CNS SC2) harmonized methodology to address these questions using a worldwide network of researchers and institutions.ResultsSuccessful harmonization of designs and methods was achieved through a consensus process initially fragmented by specific interest groups (epidemiology, clinical assessments, cognitive evaluation, biomarkers, and neuroimaging). Conclusions from subcommittees were presented to the whole group and discussed extensively. Presently data collection is ongoing at 19 sites in 12 countries representing Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe.DiscussionThe Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium harmonized methodology is proposed as a model to study long-term neurocognitive sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Key pointsThe following review describes what is known so far in terms of molecular and epidemiological links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and AD and related dementias (ADRD)The primary objective of this large-scale collaboration is to clarify the pathogenesis of ADRD and to advance our understanding of the impact of a neurotropic virus on the long-term risk of cognitive decline and other CNS sequelae. No available evidence supports the notion that cognitive impairment after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a form of dementia (ADRD or otherwise). The longitudinal methodologies espoused by the consortium are intended to provide data to answer this question as clearly as possible controlling for possible confounders. Our specific hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 triggers ADRD-like pathology following the extended olfactory cortical network (EOCN) in older individuals with specific genetic susceptibility.The proposed harmonization strategies and flexible study designs offer the possibility to include large samples of under-represented racial and ethnic groups, creating a rich set of harmonized cohorts for future studies of the pathophysiology, determinants, long-term consequences, and trends in cognitive aging, ADRD, and vascular disease.We provide a framework for current and future studies to be carried out within the Consortium. and offers a "green paper" to the research community with a very broad, global base of support, on tools suitable for low- and middle-income countries aimed to compare and combine future longitudinal data on the topic.The Consortium proposes a combination of design and statistical methods as a means of approaching causal inference of the COVID-19 neuropsychiatric sequelae. We expect that deep phenotyping of neuropsychiatric sequelae may provide a series of candidate syndromes with phenomenological and biological characterization that can be further explored. By generating high-quality harmonized data across sites we aim to capture both descriptive and, where possible, causal associations.

Published
2022

3. Dynamics of Dialogue, Humanity, and Peace in the Metaverse: Towards a Conceptual Debate

Author

Lahiri, Indrani, Deka, Lipika, Chakraborty, Nandini, Lakhanpaul, Monica, Pattni, Kamla, and Punwani, Anita

Subjects
dialogue, peace, metaverse, media, digital relations, digital communication, artificial intelligence, digital storytelling, digital culture, digital media, cultural conventions
Abstract

All our fundamental aspects of living a fulfilled life have become at odds with progress. This chapter will consider what are the key components of humanity, thereby addressing the fundamental question of whether metaverse going to alter our understanding of humanity, peace, and collegiality. This chapter aims to trigger a conceptual debate by applying a digital anthropological framework to examine how human beings have been socially conditioned to think, perceive, and anticipate. In doing so, the authors argue that the social construction of fear of the unknown prevents humans from critically analysing our relationship with humanity and technology. Additionally, the chapter aims to initiate some discussion around (1) metaverse and what it means in a human world; (2) will the virtually modified human beings recreate or alter humanity; (3) what would peace look like in metaverse?

Published
2022

4. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium.

Author

de Erausquin, Gabriel A, de Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, Vahidy, Farhaan S, de Erausquin, Gabriel A, de Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, and Vahidy, Farhaan S

Abstract

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervous system manifestations mediated by inflammation and cerebrovascular, anoxic, and/or viral neurotoxicity mechanisms. More than one third of patients with COVID-19 develop neurologic problems during the acute phase of the illness, including loss of sense of smell or taste, seizures, and stroke. Damage or functional changes to the brain may result in chronic sequelae. The risk of incident cognitive and neuropsychiatric complications appears independent from the severity of the original pulmonary illness. It behooves the scientific and medical community to attempt to understand the molecular and/or systemic factors linking COVID-19 to neurologic illness, both short and long term.MethodsThis article describes what is known so far in terms of links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. We focus on risk factors and possible molecular, inflammatory, and viral mechanisms underlying neurological injury. We also provide a comprehensive description of the Alzheimer's Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (CNS SC2) harmonized methodology to address these questions using a worldwide network of researchers and institutions.ResultsSuccessful harmonization of designs and methods was achieved through a consensus process initially fragmented by specific interest groups (epidemiology, clinical assessments, cognitive evaluation, biomarkers, and neuroimaging). Conclusions from subcommittees were presented to the whole group and discussed extensively. Presently data collection is ongoing at 19 sites in 12 countries representing Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe.DiscussionThe Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium harmoniz

Published
2022

5. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium

Author

de Erausquin, Gabriel A., Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S., Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Hakanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D., Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T., Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M. Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R., Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J., Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T., Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yecora, Agustin, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P., Lo Re, Vincenzina, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M., Geerlings, Mirjam, I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N., Santos, Juan M., Rivera Arroyo, Guillermo, Caballero Moreno, Antonio, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis, I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M., Zuniga, Alfredo Ramirez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibanez, Agustin, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J., Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H., Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D., Bowtell, Richard, Vahidy, Farhaan S., de Erausquin, Gabriel A., Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S., Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Hakanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D., Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T., Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M. Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R., Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J., Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T., Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yecora, Agustin, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P., Lo Re, Vincenzina, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M., Geerlings, Mirjam, I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N., Santos, Juan M., Rivera Arroyo, Guillermo, Caballero Moreno, Antonio, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis, I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M., Zuniga, Alfredo Ramirez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibanez, Agustin, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J., Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H., Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D., Bowtell, Richard, and Vahidy, Farhaan S.

Abstract

Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervous system manifestations mediated by inflammation and cerebrovascular, anoxic, and/or viral neurotoxicity mechanisms. More than one third of patients with COVID-19 develop neurologic problems during the acute phase of the illness, including loss of sense of smell or taste, seizures, and stroke. Damage or functional changes to the brain may result in chronic sequelae. The risk of incident cognitive and neuropsychiatric complications appears independent from the severity of the original pulmonary illness. It behooves the scientific and medical community to attempt to understand the molecular and/or systemic factors linking COVID-19 to neurologic illness, both short and long term. Methods This article describes what is known so far in terms of links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. We focus on risk factors and possible molecular, inflammatory, and viral mechanisms underlying neurological injury. We also provide a comprehensive description of the Alzheimer's Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (CNS SC2) harmonized methodology to address these questions using a worldwide network of researchers and institutions. Results Successful harmonization of designs and methods was achieved through a consensus process initially fragmented by specific interest groups (epidemiology, clinical assessments, cognitive evaluation, biomarkers, and neuroimaging). Conclusions from subcommittees were presented to the whole group and discussed extensively. Presently data collection is ongoing at 19 sites in 12 countries representing Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe. Discussion The Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium harmoni

Published
2022

6. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium

Author

Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 7a, Brain, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, de Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, Vahidy, Farhaan S, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 7a, Brain, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, de Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova-Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo-Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, and Vahidy, Farhaan S

Published
2022

7. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium

Author

de Erausquin, Gabriel A., primary, Snyder, Heather, additional, Brugha, Traolach S., additional, Seshadri, Sudha, additional, Carrillo, Maria, additional, Sagar, Rajesh, additional, Huang, Yueqin, additional, Newton, Charles, additional, Tartaglia, Carmela, additional, Teunissen, Charlotte, additional, Håkanson, Krister, additional, Akinyemi, Rufus, additional, Prasad, Kameshwar, additional, D'Avossa, Giovanni, additional, Gonzalez‐Aleman, Gabriela, additional, Hosseini, Akram, additional, Vavougios, George D., additional, Sachdev, Perminder, additional, Bankart, John, additional, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, additional, Lipton, Richard, additional, Katz, Mindy, additional, Fox, Peter T., additional, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, additional, Iyengar, M. Sriram, additional, Weinstein, Galit, additional, Sohrabi, Hamid R., additional, Jenkins, Rachel, additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Hugon, Jacques, additional, Mavreas, Venetsanos, additional, Blangero, John, additional, Cruchaga, Carlos, additional, Krishna, Murali, additional, Wadoo, Ovais, additional, Becerra, Rodrigo, additional, Zwir, Igor, additional, Longstreth, William T., additional, Kroenenberg, Golo, additional, Edison, Paul, additional, Mukaetova‐Ladinska, Elizabeta, additional, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, additional, Figueredo‐Aguiar, Mariana, additional, Yécora, Agustín, additional, Vaca, Fabiana, additional, Zamponi, Hernan P., additional, Re, Vincenzina Lo, additional, Majid, Abdul, additional, Sundarakumar, Jonas, additional, Gonzalez, Hector M., additional, Geerlings, Mirjam I., additional, Skoog, Ingmar, additional, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, additional, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, additional, Patel, Vibuthi N., additional, Santos, Juan M., additional, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, additional, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, additional, Felix, Pascal, additional, Gallo, Carla, additional, Arai, Hidenori, additional, Yamada, Masahito, additional, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, additional, Sharma, Malveeka, additional, Chakraborty, Nandini, additional, Ferreccio, Catterina, additional, Akena, Dickens, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Maestre, Gladys, additional, Blangero, Sarah Williams, additional, Brusco, Luis I., additional, Siddarth, Prabha, additional, Hughes, Timothy M., additional, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, additional, Kambeitz, Joseph, additional, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, additional, Allen, Norrina, additional, Panos, Stella, additional, Merrill, David, additional, Ibáñez, Agustín, additional, Tsuang, Debby, additional, Valishvili, Nino, additional, Shrestha, Srishti, additional, Wang, Sophia, additional, Padma, Vasantha, additional, Anstey, Kaarin J., additional, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, additional, Blennow, Kaj, additional, Mullins, Paul, additional, Łojek, Emilia, additional, Pria, Anand, additional, Mosley, Thomas H., additional, Gowland, Penny, additional, Girard, Timothy D., additional, Bowtell, Richard, additional, and Vahidy, Farhaan S., additional

Published
2022
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9. Mental Health Gap Action Programme training in Nigeria: reflections for progressive learning among primary care workers.

Author

Ali, Alvina and Chakraborty, Nandini

Subjects
*HEALTH equity, *PRIMARY care, *MENTAL health, *MIDDLE-income countries, *MEDICAL centers
Abstract

In the majority of low- and middle-income countries, mental healthcare is delivered by primary care workers. Often, they are the only contact for patients and their families. Although their knowledge base can be limited, they are expected to manage complex cases with few resources. The authors describe their experience of partnership with mental health centres set up by the Nigeria Health Care Project, and training their primary care workers based on the World Health Organization's Mental Health Gap Action Programme. Although the programme was very effective in helping to upskill their knowledge and experience, a need for continued professional development was highlighted. Based on their feedback, multiple evidence-based options are explored, including the use of remote learning and social media (increased significantly around the world because of the COVID-19 pandemic), to help primary care workers improve their knowledge base and maintain their competencies with the limited resources available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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14. Use of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) by mental health volunteers in the UK: examples from South Asian diaspora charities.

Author

Luhar L, Arya A, Rafiq R, and Chakraborty N

Abstract

The Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) was launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 to scale up services for mental, neurological and substance use disorders for low- and lower-middle-income countries. Subsequently, an updated mhGAP intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG 2.0) was released in 2016. This study explores the use and effectiveness of mhGAP-IG 2.0 by mental health volunteers of two South Asian charities in the UK. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eight volunteers. The core themes identified were mental health awareness, mental health education, empathy and care, social perception and bias within the South Asian community, and personal development. The study identified mhGAP as a tool with transformative potential. Although the WHO originally planned the mgGAP-IG as a tool for low- and middle-income countries with limited mental health resources, this study demonstrates its usefulness even in high-income countries, as a foundation to educate volunteers working in mental health.

Published
2025
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15. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium.

Author

de Erausquin GA, Snyder H, Brugha TS, Seshadri S, Carrillo M, Sagar R, Huang Y, Newton C, Tartaglia C, Teunissen C, Håkanson K, Akinyemi R, Prasad K, D'Avossa G, Gonzalez-Aleman G, Hosseini A, Vavougios GD, Sachdev P, Bankart J, Mors NPO, Lipton R, Katz M, Fox PT, Katshu MZ, Iyengar MS, Weinstein G, Sohrabi HR, Jenkins R, Stein DJ, Hugon J, Mavreas V, Blangero J, Cruchaga C, Krishna M, Wadoo O, Becerra R, Zwir I, Longstreth WT, Kroenenberg G, Edison P, Mukaetova-Ladinska E, Staufenberg E, Figueredo-Aguiar M, Yécora A, Vaca F, Zamponi HP, Re VL, Majid A, Sundarakumar J, Gonzalez HM, Geerlings MI, Skoog I, Salmoiraghi A, Boneschi FM, Patel VN, Santos JM, Arroyo GR, Moreno AC, Felix P, Gallo C, Arai H, Yamada M, Iwatsubo T, Sharma M, Chakraborty N, Ferreccio C, Akena D, Brayne C, Maestre G, Blangero SW, Brusco LI, Siddarth P, Hughes TM, Zuñiga AR, Kambeitz J, Laza AR, Allen N, Panos S, Merrill D, Ibáñez A, Tsuang D, Valishvili N, Shrestha S, Wang S, Padma V, Anstey KJ, Ravindrdanath V, Blennow K, Mullins P, Łojek E, Pria A, Mosley TH, Gowland P, Girard TD, Bowtell R, and Vahidy FS

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervous system manifestations mediated by inflammation and cerebrovascular, anoxic, and/or viral neurotoxicity mechanisms. More than one third of patients with COVID-19 develop neurologic problems during the acute phase of the illness, including loss of sense of smell or taste, seizures, and stroke. Damage or functional changes to the brain may result in chronic sequelae. The risk of incident cognitive and neuropsychiatric complications appears independent from the severity of the original pulmonary illness. It behooves the scientific and medical community to attempt to understand the molecular and/or systemic factors linking COVID-19 to neurologic illness, both short and long term., Methods: This article describes what is known so far in terms of links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. We focus on risk factors and possible molecular, inflammatory, and viral mechanisms underlying neurological injury. We also provide a comprehensive description of the Alzheimer's Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (CNS SC2) harmonized methodology to address these questions using a worldwide network of researchers and institutions., Results: Successful harmonization of designs and methods was achieved through a consensus process initially fragmented by specific interest groups (epidemiology, clinical assessments, cognitive evaluation, biomarkers, and neuroimaging). Conclusions from subcommittees were presented to the whole group and discussed extensively. Presently data collection is ongoing at 19 sites in 12 countries representing Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe., Discussion: The Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium harmonized methodology is proposed as a model to study long-term neurocognitive sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection., Key Points: The following review describes what is known so far in terms of molecular and epidemiological links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and AD and related dementias (ADRD)The primary objective of this large-scale collaboration is to clarify the pathogenesis of ADRD and to advance our understanding of the impact of a neurotropic virus on the long-term risk of cognitive decline and other CNS sequelae. No available evidence supports the notion that cognitive impairment after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a form of dementia (ADRD or otherwise). The longitudinal methodologies espoused by the consortium are intended to provide data to answer this question as clearly as possible controlling for possible confounders. Our specific hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 triggers ADRD-like pathology following the extended olfactory cortical network (EOCN) in older individuals with specific genetic susceptibility.The proposed harmonization strategies and flexible study designs offer the possibility to include large samples of under-represented racial and ethnic groups, creating a rich set of harmonized cohorts for future studies of the pathophysiology, determinants, long-term consequences, and trends in cognitive aging, ADRD, and vascular disease.We provide a framework for current and future studies to be carried out within the Consortium. and offers a "green paper" to the research community with a very broad, global base of support, on tools suitable for low- and middle-income countries aimed to compare and combine future longitudinal data on the topic.The Consortium proposes a combination of design and statistical methods as a means of approaching causal inference of the COVID-19 neuropsychiatric sequelae. We expect that deep phenotyping of neuropsychiatric sequelae may provide a series of candidate syndromes with phenomenological and biological characterization that can be further explored. By generating high-quality harmonized data across sites we aim to capture both descriptive and, where possible, causal associations., Competing Interests: All authors state that they have no relationships/activities/interests to disclose related to the content of this submission. Author disclosures are available in the supporting information., (© 2022 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)

Published
2022
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