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2. Geometry Aligned Variational Transformer for Image-conditioned Layout Generation

Author

Cao, Yunning, Ma, Ye, Zhou, Min, Liu, Chuanbin, Xie, Hongtao, Ge, Tiezheng, and Jiang, Yuning

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Multimedia
Abstract

Layout generation is a novel task in computer vision, which combines the challenges in both object localization and aesthetic appraisal, widely used in advertisements, posters, and slides design. An accurate and pleasant layout should consider both the intra-domain relationship within layout elements and the inter-domain relationship between layout elements and the image. However, most previous methods simply focus on image-content-agnostic layout generation, without leveraging the complex visual information from the image. To this end, we explore a novel paradigm entitled image-conditioned layout generation, which aims to add text overlays to an image in a semantically coherent manner. Specifically, we propose an Image-Conditioned Variational Transformer (ICVT) that autoregressively generates various layouts in an image. First, self-attention mechanism is adopted to model the contextual relationship within layout elements, while cross-attention mechanism is used to fuse the visual information of conditional images. Subsequently, we take them as building blocks of conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE), which demonstrates appealing diversity. Second, in order to alleviate the gap between layout elements domain and visual domain, we design a Geometry Alignment module, in which the geometric information of the image is aligned with the layout representation. In addition, we construct a large-scale advertisement poster layout designing dataset with delicate layout and saliency map annotations. Experimental results show that our model can adaptively generate layouts in the non-intrusive area of the image, resulting in a harmonious layout design., Comment: To be published in ACM MM 2022

Published
2022

7. Decoupled Land and Ocean Temperature Trends in the Early‐Middle Pleistocene

Author

Lu, Hongxuan, primary, Liu, Weiguo, additional, Yang, Hong, additional, Leng, Qin, additional, Liu, Zhonghui, additional, Cao, Yunning, additional, Hu, Jing, additional, Sheng, Weijuan, additional, Wang, Huanye, additional, Wang, Zheng, additional, Zhang, Zeke, additional, Sun, Youbin, additional, Zhou, Weijian, additional, and An, Zhisheng, additional

Published
2022
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10. Multiple expansions of [C.sub.4] plant biomass in East Asia since 7 Ma coupled with strengthened monsoon circulation

Author

An, Zhisheng, Huang, Yongsong, Liu, Weiguo, Guo, Zhengtang, Clemens, Steven, Li, Li, Prell, Warren, Ning, Youfeng, Cai, Yanjun, Zhou, Weijian, Lin, Benhai, Zhang, Qingle, Cao, Yunning, Qiang, Xiaoke, Chang, Hong, and Wu, Zhenkun

Subjects
Vegetation and climate -- Research, Monsoons -- Research, Geology -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

The expansion of plants using the [C.sub.4] photosynthetic pathway is one of the most prominent changes in the global ecosystem during the Cenozoic Era. A significant late Miocene expansion is well documented. However, the existence and cause of subsequent expansions are still not clear, owing in part to the lack of long, continuous climate-vegetation records. Here we present two high-resolution carbon isotope time series, covering the past 7 m.y., derived from eolian deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The data indicate three intervals of significant [C.sub.4] plant expansions within the semiarid monsoonal region of East Asia (ca. 2.9-2.7 Ma, 1.3-0.9 Ma, and 0.6 Ma-present). These expansions covary with strengthened East Asian summer monsoon circulation. We conclude that in East Asia, large-scale late Miocene [C.sub.4]/[C.sub.3] vegetation changes in semiarid areas have been primarily driven by warm seasonal precipitation and temperature variations associated with changes in monsoon circulation. Keywords: [C.sub.4] plant expansion, carbon isotope, summer monsoon, Chinese Loess Plateau, Miocene.

Published
2005

11. High‐Resolution Intrashell Oxygen Isotope Studies of Cathaica fasciolaand Bradybaena ravidaLand Snails and Their Environmental Implications

Author

Li, Qianya, Dong, Jibao, Yan, Hong, Huang, Huayu, Zong, Xiulan, Wang, Guozhen, Liu, Chengcheng, Cao, Yunning, Liu, Weiguo, and An, Zhisheng

Abstract

Intrashell oxygen isotope (δ18Os) analyses of terrestrial snails have been carried out over two decades. However, the intraspecies/interspecies differences are not yet well understood. Here, we conducted a high‐resolution intrashell δ18Osstudy on 43 shells from Cathaica fasciolaand Bradybaena ravida, and 1449 δ18Osdata were obtained. These large amounts of data demonstrate the reproducibility of intrashell δ18Os. Our results suggest that C. fasciolaand B. ravidahave similar growing seasons mainly from March to October in the studied region. The ecological habits of the two species could explain the distinctive variations in their δ18Ossequences. Therefore, our study may interpret the discrepancy between the studies of land snail species and the stable/clumped isotopes of their shells. Moreover, the calculated average growth rate is ∼290 μm/day (from 250 to 330 μm/day) for nonadult C. fasciola. Thus, the use of snail shells for reconstructing high‐resolution terrestrial climate changes is promising. Land snails are sensitive to climatic and environmental changes. Therefore, the oxygen isotopic composition of snail shells (δ18Os) has often been used to study environmental changes. Researchers started to collect multiple samples from a single shell for δ18Osanalyses about two decades ago. However, it is still unclear whether high‐resolution intrashell δ18Osresults are repeatable and whether the influences of different individuals/species may exist. To address these issues, we collected 43 snail shells from Cathaica fasciolaand Bradybaena ravida. In total, 1449 δ18Osdata were obtained. The large amount of data showing similar variations in the intrashell δ18Osfrom different shells demonstrates the repeatability. Accordingly, our data suggest that the two species have similar growing seasons, mainly from March to October, although their ecological habits are different. In addition, the ecological habits of these two species could explain the subtle differences in their δ18Os. Taken together, our study could resolve the discrepancy between previous work on land snail species and stable/clumped isotopes. Furthermore, the estimated average growth rate is ∼290 μm/day (from 250 to 330 μm/day) for nonadult C. fasciola. Overall, snail shells are promising records for exploring high‐resolution terrestrial climate changes in the future. The intrashell δ18Osof land snails is reproducible, which mainly records the δ18O of precipitationCathaica fasciolaand Bradybaena ravidahave different ecological habits but similar growing seasonEcological habits could explain the discrepancy between studies of land snail species and stable/clumped isotopes The intrashell δ18Osof land snails is reproducible, which mainly records the δ18O of precipitation Cathaica fasciolaand Bradybaena ravidahave different ecological habits but similar growing season Ecological habits could explain the discrepancy between studies of land snail species and stable/clumped isotopes

Published
2024
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12. Multiple expansions of C4 plant biomass in East Asia since 7 Ma coupled with strengthened monsoon circulation

Author

Warren L. Prell, Cai Yanjun, Cao Yunning, An Zhisheng, Huang Yongsong, Li Li, Ning Youfeng, Chang Hong, Guo Zhengtang, Zhou Weijian, Qiang Xiaoke, Steven C. Clemens, Liu Weiguo, Lin Benhai, Wu Zhenkun, and Zhang Qingle

Subjects
Biomass (ecology), Oceanography, East Asian Monsoon, Geology, East Asia, Vegetation, Precipitation, Late Miocene, Monsoon, Cenozoic
Abstract

The expansion of plants using the C4 photosynthetic pathway is one of the most prominent changes in the global ecosystem during the Cenozoic Era. A significant late Miocene expansion is well documented. However, the existence and cause of subsequent expansions are still not clear, owing in part to the lack of long, continuous climate-vegetation records. Here we present two high-resolution carbon isotope time series, covering the past 7 m.y., derived from eolian deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The data indicate three intervals of significant C4 plant expansions within the semiarid monsoonal region of East Asia (ca. 2.9–2.7 Ma, 1.3–0.9 Ma, and 0.6 Ma–present). These expansions covary with strengthened East Asian summer monsoon circulation. We conclude that in East Asia, large-scale late Miocene C4/C3 vegetation changes in semiarid areas have been primarily driven by warm seasonal precipitation and temperature variations associated with changes in monsoon circulation.

Published
2005

13. Multiple expansions of C4 plant biomass in East Asia since 7 Ma coupled with strengthened monsoon circulation.

Author

An Zhisheng, Huang Yongsong, Liu Weiguo, Guo Zhengtang, Steven Clemens, Li Li, Prell, Warren, Ning Youfeng, Cal Yanjun, Zhou Weijian, Lin Benhal, Zhang Qingle, Cao Yunning, Qiang Xiaoke, Chang Hong, and Wu Zhenkun

Subjects
*PLANT biomass, *VEGETATION & climate, *BIOMASS, *BIOCLIMATOLOGY, *CENOZOIC paleoecology, *CENOZOIC stratigraphic geology
Abstract

The expansion of plants using the C4 photosynthetic pathway is one of the most prominent changes in the global ecosystem during the Cenozoic Era. A significant late Miocene expansion is well documented. However, the existence and cause of subsequent expansions are still not clear, owing in part to the lack of long, continuous climate-vegetation records. Here we present two high-resolution carbon isotope time series, covering the past 7 m.y., derived from eolian deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The data indicate three intervals of significant C4 plant expansions within the semiarid monsoonal region of East Asia (ca. 2.9-2.7 Ma, 1.3-0.9 Ma, and 0.6 Ma-present). These expansions covary with strengthened East Asian summer monsoon circulation. We conclude that in East Asia, large-scale late Miocene C4/C3 vegetation changes in semiarid areas have been primarily driven by warm seasonal precipitation and temperature variations associated with changes in monsoon circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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