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El sistema agroalimentario mundial se enfrenta al reto de alimentar a una población de 9.100 millones de personas en el año 2050. Esta población es un 34% superior a la de hoy en día, y prácticamente la totalidad de este incremento de la población tendrá lugar en los países en desarrollo. Según el Comité de Expertos convocados por la FAO en 2009, será posible cumplir con este objetivo siempre y cuando se aumenten el apoyo a la investigación, las inversiones en agricultura y se refuerce el comercio mundial de productos alimentarios. El 25 de septiembre de 2015 la Organización de las Naciones Unidas aprobó la llamada Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, que regirá los programas de desarrollo mundiales en los próximos 15 años. Los diecisiete objetivos incluidos en la Agenda se aprobaron tras dos años de consultas públicas y negociaciones con gobiernos y entidades de la sociedad civil. El primer Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible es el fin de la pobreza, siendo el segundo ODS la erradicación del hambre y la consecución de la seguridad alimentaria (food security)..., The global agri-food system faces the challenge of feeding a population of 9.1 billion people in the year 2050. This population is 34% higher than today, and practically all of this increase in population will take place in developing countries. According to the Committee of Experts convened by the FAO in 2009, it will be possible to meet this objective as long as support for research, investment in agriculture is increased, and world trade in food products is strengthened.On September 25, 2015, the United Nations Organization approved the so-called 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which will govern global development programs for the next 15 years. The seventeen goals included in the Agenda were approved after two years of public consultation and negotiations with governments and civil society entities. The first Sustainable Development Goal is the end of poverty, while the second SDG is the eradication of hunger and the achievement of food security...

This work aims to explore the influence of a specific militarism, the progressive one, in the experience of one of the most emblematic groups in the New Left, the Uruguayan Tupamaros National Liberation Movement, as well as the Frente Amplio coalition in the same country. We suggest that, since the episode of the pre-coup of February 1973, this group was willing to converge with the military in an experience of the Velasco Alvarado type in Peru.

El objetivo principal de este proyecto de innovación ha sido profundizar en el desarrollo de la autorregulación del alumnado a través del método etnográfico, adoptando las estrategias digitales y virtuales aprendidas durante la pandemia. De esta manera se ha pretendido en primer lugar mantener el marco conceptual de aprendizaje constructivista del alumnado de formación docente de música para afrontar el cambio de estrategias desde la hetero-rregulación a la autorregulación del alumnado en una cesión progresiva del control en la toma de decisiones en su aprendizaje. El manejo de este continuo a partir de estrategias de toma de conciencia y perspectiva cultural, facilitaría en el alumnado de formación docente una maduración de sus objetivos y práctica a través de la evaluación constante. La participación en un proyecto de innovación favorable al diálogo y a la reflexión compartida de manera sistemática entre docentes, alumnado y PAS genera espacios propicios para la revisión continua de ideas, planteamientos docentes, líneas de intervención y análisis de la práctica docente. Y en ese sentido, el trabajo coetnográfico en su doble vertiente de etnografía y autoetnografría, ha resultado una herramienta adecuada en la formación autorregulada del profesorado a partir de observaciones cruzadas de práctica docente. Además, se ha implementado un análisis de las sesiones de observación de la práctica docente basadas en el sistema de análisis SAPEA (Pozo et al., 2020). Los resultados aportan información sobre el desarrollo metacognitivo del alumnado de formación docente en las materias de música y del grado de Musicología en las materias pedagógicas y música del Barroco de la UCM.

El fin del presente proyecto es inducir el autoaprendizaje en el alumnado por medio de tecnología y colaboración entre pares online. Pretende sistematizar el trabajo del grupo de docentes en torno a la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la música potenciando el campus y la plataforma TEAMS para cumplir el objetivo: la autorregulación en el aprendizaje del alumnado.

El sistema agroalimentario mundial se enfrenta al reto de alimentar a una población de 9.100 millones de personas en el año 2050. Esta población es un 34% superior a la de hoy en día, y prácticamente la totalidad de este incremento de la población tendrá lugar en los países en desarrollo. Según el Comité de Expertos convocados por la FAO en 2009, será posible cumplir con este objetivo siempre y cuando se aumenten el apoyo a la investigación, las inversiones en agricultura y se refuerce el comercio mundial de productos alimentarios. El 25 de septiembre de 2015 la Organización de las Naciones Unidas aprobó la llamada Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, que regirá los programas de desarrollo mundiales en los próximos 15 años. Los diecisiete objetivos incluidos en la Agenda se aprobaron tras dos años de consultas públicas y negociaciones con gobiernos y entidades de la sociedad civil. El primer Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible es el fin de la pobreza, siendo el segundo ODS la erradicación del hambre y la consecución de la seguridad alimentaria (food security)...

En el siguiente trabajo se pretende realizar una introducción a la teoría de Bass-Serre. Ésta consiste en el estudio de grupos a través de su acción sobre objetos geométricos como son los grafos, más específicamente, los árboles. Para ello, comenzaremos dando algunos resultados sobre teoría de grupos que necesitaremos a lo largo del desarrollo del presente escrito, construyendo la estructura de producto amalgamado, en la cual se centrarán, en esencia, nuestros resultados. A continuación, concretaremos ciertos resultados sobre teoría de grafos, comentando la estrecha relación que tienen algunos tipos de grafos con las estructuras de grupo. Para concluir, aunaremos las estructuras antes vistas y trabajaremos con las herramientas desarrolladas el problema de los subgrupos de Artin-Tits parabólicos, dándole solución para una subclase concreta., In the following work we intend to make an introduction to the Bass-Serre theory. It consists of the study of groups through their action over geometric objects such as graphs, more specifically, trees. To do this, we will begin by giving some results on group theory that we will need throughout the development of this paper, building the amalgamated product structure, on which our results will essentially focus. Next, we will specify certain results on graph theory, commenting on the close relationship that some types of graphs have with group structures. To conclude, we are going to combine the structures seen before and we are going to use the tools we are going to use the tools we have previously developed to work on the problem of parabolic Artin-Tits subgroups, proveing it for a specific subclass of them.

Given an Artin group A and a parabolic subgroup P, we study if every two elements of P that are conjugate in A, are also conjugate in P. We provide an algorithm to solve this decision problem if A satisfies three properties that are conjectured to be true for every Artin group. This allows to solve the problem for new families of Artin groups. We also partially solve the problem if A has FC-type, and we totally solve it if A is isomorphic to a free product of Artin groups of spherical type. In particular, we show that in this latter case, every element of A is contained in a unique minimal (by inclusion) parabolic subgroup.

We show that the geometric realisation of the poset of proper parabolic subgroups of a large-type Artin group has a systolic geometry. We use this geometry to show that the set of parabolic subgroups of a large-type Artin group is stable under arbitrary intersections and forms a lattice for the inclusion. As an application, we show that parabolic subgroups of large-type Artin groups are stable under taking roots and we completely characterise the parabolic subgroups that are conjugacy stable. We also use this geometric perspective to recover and unify results describing the normalisers of parabolic subgroups of large-type Artin groups.

One of the most important uses of phosphazenes today involves its biomedical applications. They can also be employed as scaffolds for the design and construction of a variety of ligands in order to coordinate them to metallic drugs. The coordination chemistry of the (amino)cyclotriphosphazene ligand, [N3P3(NHCy)6], towards gold(I) complexes has been studied. Neutral complexes, [N3P3(NHCy)6{AuX}n] (X = Cl or C6F5; n = 1 or 2) (1–4), cationic complexes, [N3P3(NHCy)6{Au(PR3)}n](NO3)n (PR3 = PPh3, PPh2Me, TPA; n = 1, 2 or 3) (6–12) [TPA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane] and a heterometallic compound [N3P3(NHCy)6{Au(PPh3)}2{Ag(PPh3)}](NO3)3 (13) have been obtained and characterized by various methods including single-crystal X-ray diffraction for 7, which confirms the coordination of gold atoms to the nitrogens of the phosphazene ring. Compounds 1, 4, 6–13 were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activity against two tumor human cell lines, MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma) and HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), and for antimicrobial activity against five bacterial species including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and Mycobacteria. Both the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values are among the lowest found for any gold or silver derivatives against the cell lines and particularly against the Gram-positive (S. aureus) strain and the mycobacteria used in this work. Structure–activity relationships are discussed in order to determine the influence of ancillary ligands and the number and type of metal atoms (silver or gold). Compounds 4 and 8 showed not only maximal potency on human cells but also some tumour selectivity. Remarkably, compound 13, with both gold and silver atoms, showed outstanding activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains (nanomolar range), thus having a cooperative effect between gold and silver, with MIC values which are similar or lower than those of gentamicine, ciprofloxacin and rifampicine. The

Every society is transformed as time progresses and, the spheres of life such as education, health, politics, economy and, in the same way, technology, have been modified and inserted in daily life, affecting the form of relationship and socialization. With the leap to web 2.0, and the growth of people who use all types of social networks, the loss of identity and personality has increased, especially with the use of Instagram, due to a lack of critical thinking and reflection on the actions that are made in them. This project is aimed at analyzing data collected in an online questionnaire for Obligatory Secondary Education students of a public institute in Córdoba, in order to observe how the personality construct is marked by biases that social networks help to acquire. Subsequently, an awareness workshop is held that consists of five activities developed in seven sessions. The conclusions indicate that social networks occupy a very important part of adolescents' available time, which results in constantly exposing any experience to the world view, creating identity biases due to a lack of critical thinking., Toda sociedad se transforma a medida que avanza el tiempo y, las esferas de la vida como la educación, sanidad, política, economía y, de igual modo, la tecnología, se han visto modificadas e insertadas en la cotidianeidad incidiendo en la forma de relación y socialización. Con el salto a la web 2.0, y el crecimiento de personas que usan todo tipo de redes sociales, se ha incrementado la pérdida de identidad y personalidad, sobre todo con el uso de Instagram, por falta de pensamiento crítico y reflexión ante las acciones que se realizan en ellas. Este proyecto está encaminado hacia el análisis de datos recabados en un cuestionario online a alumnado de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de un instituto público de Córdoba, con el fin de observar cómo el constructo de la personalidad está marcado por sesgos que las redes sociales ayudan a adquirir. Posteriormente, se presentará un taller de concienciación que consta de cinco actividades desarrolladas en siete sesiones. Las conclusiones indican que las redes sociales ocupan una parte muy importante del tiempo disponible de los adolescentes, lo que deriva en exponer constantemente cualquier experiencia a la visión del mundo, creando sesgos en la identidad por carencia de pensamiento crítico.

One of the most important use of phosphazenes today involves its biomedical applications. Notably, biocompatibility and biodegradability can be regulated by the introduction of specific side groups, R, both in cyclophosphazenes derivatives (CPZs) and their analogue polymers, polyphosphazenes (PPZs), [NPR2]n. Nowadays, the use of PPZs in drug-delivery applications has become a significant focus. Macromolecular pro-drugs are known to exhibit improved body distribution, prolonged blood circulation and passive or active tumor targeting. CPZs can be used as core of dendrimers giving rise to a wide variety of branched molecules, and can also be used as scaffolds for the design and construction of a variety of ligands to conjugate metallodrugs. Several authors have prepared and studied the antitumoral properties of cyclo- or polyphosphazene-platinum(II) conjugates, and we have recently reported metallo-cyclophosphazenes containing gold or silver, which have outstanding antimicrobial or antitumoral properties. Herein, we present new dendrimers based on a cyclotriphosphazene as a central core with dendrons derived from 2,2-di(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, bis(MPA), which have been further functionalized at their terminal positions with pyridine donor units to obtain gold or silver metallodendrimers, G0-(pyM)6, G1-(pyM)12 and G2-(pyM)24 (See Chart 1 for Generation 2 metallodendrimers having 24 pyridine peripheral groups, G2-(pyM)24: Structure of metallodendrimers G2-(pyM)24). Studies of their anti-cancer activity in the human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines were carried out. IC50 values revealed an excellent antitumor activity for these metal complexes, compared with their precursors, cisplatin and auranofin. Structure-activity relationships are discussed in order to determine the influence of ancillary ligands and the number and type of metal atoms (silver or gold).

María Luz Morales pertenece a una generación de periodistas y escritoras recientemente descubiertas por los investigadores. Precursora del periodismo cultural, su prolífica obra la convierte en un referente en la historia del periodismo. El propósito de este trabajo es recopilar las crónicas tituladas Charlas publicadas en la sección «La Mujer, el Niño y el Hogar» de El Sol, además de estudiar su aportación a la modernización de la mujer por la vía de la cultura. Para ello se ha consultado El Sol entre 1926 y 1931 en la Hemeroteca Digital de la Biblioteca Nacional, revisado la literatura científica y efectuado un análisis de contenido. El análisis revela que, si bien los temas coinciden con los contenidos habituales de las revistas femeninas, sin embargo, difieren en el enfoque. El eje temático de las crónicas gira en torno a la literatura escrita por mujeres, literatura infantil, lectura, teatro y moda. La autora fomenta la promoción cultural de la mujer y reclama para ella una consideración intelectual de igualdad., María Luz Morales belongs to a generation of journalists and writers recently discovered by researchers. A forerunner of cultural journalism, her prolific work makes her a benchmark in the history of journalism. The purpose of this work is to compile the chronicles entitled «Talks» published in the section «The Woman, the Child and the Home» of El Sol, in addition, to studying her contribution to the modernization of women through culture. Issues of El Sol between 1926 and 1931 in the Digital Newspaper Library of the National Library were consulted, the scientific literature was reviewed and an analysis of the content was fulfilled. The analysis reveals that while the topics coincide with the usual contents of women's magazines, they nevertheless differ in focus. The thematic axis of the chronicles revolves around literature written by women, children's literature, reading, theater and fashion. The author encourages the cultural promotion of women and demands for her an intellectual consideration of equality.

We give an almost complete classification of Artin groups of spherical type up to commensurability. Let A and A0 be two Artin groups of spherical type, and let A1; : : : ; Ap (respectively, A0 1; : : : ; A0 q) be the irreducible components of A (respectively, A0). We show that A and A0 are commensurable if and only if p D q and, up to permutation of the indices, Ai and A0 i are commensurable for every i . We prove that, if two Artin groups of spherical type are commensurable, then they have the same rank. For a fixed n, we give a complete classification of the irreducible Artin groups of rank n that are commensurable with the group of type An. Note that there are six remaining comparisons of pairs of groups to get the complete classification of Artin groups of spherical type up to commensurability, two of which have been done by Ignat Soroko after the first version of the present paper.

La pandemia COVID-19, causada por SARS-CoV-2, se originó en Wuhan, China, en diciembre de 2019, y se extendió rápidamente a nivel mundial. En Paraguay, El primer caso confirmado en Paraguay se dio a conocer el 7 de marzo de 2020 en Asunción y para ell 28 de marzo se tiene registro de 206.597 casos confirmados y 4003 muertes. Sin lugar a dudas el número de infecciones por SARS-CoV-2 es mucho mayor que los casos notificados por las infecciones asintomáticas, los casos leves que no buscan asistencia médica, estrategias de testeo, pruebas virológicas que dan falsos negativos y las sub notificaciones. Los estudios serológicos son útiles para estimar la proporción de la población previamente infectada, cuantificar la magnitud de la transmisión, estimar la tasa de letalidad por infección, evaluar el efecto de intervenciones, y estimar el grado de inmunidad de la población. La vigilancia serológica es valiosa para los responsables de la formulación de políticas de salud.

[Background] The domains of functioning affected by first episode of psychosis (FEP) could be analysed as forming a network of interacting or even reinforcing elements. The reasons why longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) might be related to higher disability are not still clear. The aim of the present study is to evaluate how different areas of functioning are inter-related according to the length of DUP in patients with FEP, with a particular focus on studying the relative influence of each other according to lengthy delays in initial treatment., [Method] 441 participants in an epidemiological and intervention program of first episode psychosis (PAFIP) were included in our study. Functioning problems at baseline were assessed with the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS). Three networks of functioning domains have been estimated according to the length of DUP., [Results] All the DAS items took part in the different networks. We have not found differences across the edge weights in the short, medium and long DUP groups. The domains “social withdrawal”, “participation in the household activities”, “general interest and information”, and “low level of activity” seem to act as bridge items with other areas of functioning in people with longer DUP., [Conclusions] Our results could have clinical implications for patients with longer DUP, in which case, social withdrawal, household activities, level of activity and general interest in the world around them, could be high-priority target areas of treatment, since they seem to be mediating the relation between others areas of functioning.