Search

Your search keyword '"Bradbury, J"' showing total 736 results
Start Over Author "Bradbury, J" Search Limiters Full Text
736 results on '"Bradbury, J"'

1. When morphology and molecular markers conflict: a case history of subterranean amphipods from the Pilbara, Western Australia

Author

Finston, T. L., Bradbury, J. H., Johnson, M. S., and Knott, B.

Subjects
Conservation, Genetics, Morphology, Species, Amphipods, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Fifteen species of groundwater amphipods in the genus Chydaekata have been described from the Pilbara, Western Australia, each restricted to a single bore. Dewatering at a local mine site was halted while a second survey was undertaken. Newly collected samples were identified using the existing key, and allozyme analysis was used to test species boundaries. Allozymic diversity was not associated with single bores, and only two distinctgenetic groups (one of which was very rare), were identified. Based on these results, and the finding that species were found to be more widespread, the Western Australian Environmental Protection Authority recommended that dewatering continue with caution at the site. This study provides an example of the problems associated with incongruent data sets, and the difficulties inherent in working with rare species, namely, interpreting the results of studies based on small samples or incomplete collections.

Published
2004

2. attenuates allergic lung inflammation through regulation of Th2, Th9, and Treg differentiation

Author

Li, Hong, Bradbury, J. Alyce, Edin, Matthew L., Gruzdev, Artiom, Li, Huiling, Graves, Joan P., DeGraff, Laura M., Lih, Fred B., Feng, Chiguang, Wolf, Erin R., Bortner, Carl D., London, Stephanie J., Sparks, Matthew A., Coffman, Thomas M., and Zeldin, Darryl C.

Subjects
Care and treatment, Physiological aspects, Development and progression, Health aspects, Thromboxanes -- Physiological aspects -- Health aspects, Asthma -- Development and progression -- Prevention -- Care and treatment, Immune response -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Introduction Development of allergic lung inflammation is a complex process involving both immune and inflammatory events. In the immune phase, allergens are taken up and processed by antigen-presenting cells such [...], In lung, thromboxane [A.sub.2] ([TXA.sub.2]) activates the TP receptor to induce proinflammatory and bronchoconstrictor effects. Thus, TP receptor antagonists and [TXA.sub.2] synthase inhibitors have been tested as potential asthma therapeutics in humans. Th9 cells play key roles in asthma and regulate the lung immune response to allergens. Herein, we found that [TXA.sub.2] reduces Th9 cell differentiation during allergic lung inflammation. Th9 cells were decreased approximately 2-fold and airway hyperresponsiveness was attenuated in lungs of allergic mice treated with [TXA.sub.2]. Naive [CD4.sup.+] T cell differentiation to Th9 cells and IL-9 production were inhibited dose-dependently by [TXA.sub.2] in vitro. TP receptor-deficient mice had an approximately 2-fold increase in numbers of Th9 cells in lungs in vivo after OVA exposure compared with wild-type mice. Naive [CD4.sup.+] T cells from TP- deficient mice exhibited increased Th9 cell differentiation and IL-9 production in vitro compared with [CD4.sup.+] T cells from wild-type mice. [TXA.sub.2] also suppressed Th2 and enhanced Treg differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, in contrast to its acute, proinflammatory effects, [TXA.sub.2] also has longer-lasting immunosuppressive effects that attenuate the Th9 differentiation that drives asthma progression. These findings may explain the paradoxical failure of anti-thromboxane therapies in the treatment of asthma.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. TXA2 attenuates allergic lung inflammation through regulation of Th2, Th9 and Treg differentiation

Author

Li, Hong, primary, Bradbury, J. Alyce, additional, Edin, Matthew L., additional, Gruzdev, Artiom, additional, Li, Huiling, additional, Graves, Joan P., additional, DeGraff, Laura M., additional, Lih, Fred B., additional, Feng, Chiguang, additional, Wolf, Erin R., additional, Bortner, Carl D., additional, London, Stephanie J., additional, Sparks, Matthew A., additional, Coffman, Thomas M., additional, and Zeldin, Darryl C., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. sEH promotes macrophage phagocytosis and lung clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Author

Li, Hong, Bradbury, J. Alyce, Edin, Matthew L., Graves, Joan P., Gruzdev, Artiom, Cheng, Jennifer, Hoopes, Samantha L., DeGraff, Laura M., Fessler, Michael B., Garantziotis, Stavros, Schurman, Shepherd H., and Zeldin, Darryl C.

Subjects
Care and treatment, Physiological aspects, Development and progression, Health aspects, Streptococcus pneumoniae -- Physiological aspects, Macrophages -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Hydrolases -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Phagocytosis -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Pneumococcal infections -- Care and treatment -- Development and progression, Lung diseases -- Care and treatment -- Development and progression, Enzymes -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects
Abstract

Introduction Pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality in the United States Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the mosi frequently isolated bacterial pathogens in community-acquirec pneumonia (1). Together, these [...], Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have potent antiinflammatory properties. Hydrolysis of EETs by soluble epoxide hydrolase/ epoxide hydrolase 2 (sEH/EPHX2) to less active diols attenuates their antiinflammatory effects. Macrophage activation is critical to many inflammatory responses; however, the role of EETs and sEH in regulating macrophage function remains unknown. Lung bacterial clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae was impaired in Ephx2-deficient ([Ephx2.sup.-/-]) mice and in mice treated with an sEH inhibitor. The EET receptor antagonist EEZE restored lung clearance of S. pneumoniae in Ephx2 /mice. [Ephx2.sup.-/-] mice had normal lung Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa expression levels and macrophage recruitment to the lungs during S. pneumoniae infection; however, Ephx2 disruption attenuated proinflammatory cytokine induction, Tlr2 and Pgylrp1 receptor upregulation, and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrates 1 and 2 (Rac1/2) and cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) activation in PGN-stimulated macrophages. Consistent with these observations, [Ephx2.sup.-/-] macrophages displayed reduced phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae in vivo and in vitro. Heterologous overexpression of TLR2 and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) in [Ephx2.sup.-/-] macrophages restored macrophage activation and phagocytosis. Human macrophage function was similarly regulated by EETs. Together, these results demonstrate that EETs reduced macrophage activation and phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae through the downregulation of TLR2 and PGLYRP1 expression. Defining the role of EETs and sEH in macrophage function may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches for bacterial diseases.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Identification of Extracolonic Pathologies by Computed Tomographic Colonography in Colorectal Cancer Symptomatic Patients

Author

Dadswell, E., Kanani, R., Wooldrage, K., Rogers, P., Shah, U., Kralj-Hans, I., Ghanouni, A., Waddingham, J., Pack, K., Thomson, A., Turner, L., Monk, C., Verjee, A., Smith, S., von Wagner, C., Wardle, J., Lilford, R.J., Yao, G., Zhu, S., Burling, D., Higginson, A., Kay, C.L., Maskell, G.F., Taylor, A., Hayward, S.J., Cade, D., Morton, D., Dhingsa, R., Jobling, J.C., Jackson, S.A., Blunt, D., Neelala, M.K., Sukumar, S.A., Slater, A., Ziprin, P., Edwards, D., Woolfall, P., Muckian, J., Bastable, D., Gibbons, N., Flashman, K., Coni, L., Martin, J., Stephenson, S., Jackson, C., Beech, D., Lynn, C., Arumugam, H., Wilkinson, S., Scothern, J., Pickles, L., Hennedy, A., Larkin, T., Pearson, P., Preston, S., Smith, L., Wright, L., Blackstock, J., Thomas, R., Allen, S., Young, L., Adamson, V., Butler-Barnes, J., Larcombe, T., Bradshaw, V., Chapman, S., Slater, M., Stylan, J., Wood, D., Bradbury, J., Breedon, J., Coakes, M., Crutch, L., Leyland, A., Pringle, W., Rowe, L., White, M., Kumar, D., Worley, A., Gandy, M., Whitehead, E., Pascoe, J., Avery, M., Shivapatham, D., Thomas, S., Ong, C., Poppinga-Scholz, B., Stove, J., Pearson, K., Wood, J., Cook, W., Memory, Y., Fellows, K., Duffy, A., Usansky, A., Shanahan, B., Naim, F., Bohra, V., Prabhudesai, S., Lancelotte, N., Hayes, M., James, T., Johnston, S., Stevenson, J., Whetter, D., Bartram, C., Gupta, A., Marshall, M., Taylor, S.A., Atchley, J., Lowe, A., Wormald, A., Bloor, C., Tan, E., McGregor, J., Philips, A., Noakes, M., Zaman, S., Guest, P., McCafferty, I., Riley, P., Tattersall, D., Fox, B.M., Shirley, J., Roddie, M., Owen, A., Hughes, N., Northover, J.M.A., Saunders, B., Goggin, P., O’Leary, D., Ausobsky, J., Beckett, C., Davies, J., Griffith, J., Steward, M., Arumugam, P.J., Bronder, C., Brown, C., Crighton, I., Higham, A., Lea, R., Meaden, C., Morgan, W., Patel, P., Nasmyth, G., Williamson, M., Scholefield, J., Hosie, K., Bansi, D., Buchanan, G., Dawson, P., Smith, G., Theodorou, N.A., Thillainayagam, A., Conlong, P., Rameh, B., Rate, A., Richards, D., Hyde, G.M., Jones, D.J., O’Dwyer, S.T., Cunningham, C., Travis, S., Burton, S., Fabricius, P., Gudgeon, M., Jourdan, I., Rutter, M., Dixon, A., Faulds-Wood, L., Marteau, T., Valori, R., Altman, D.G., Steele, R., Walker, A., Halligan, Steve, Wooldrage, Katherine, Dadswell, Edward, Shah, Urvi, Kralj-Hans, Ines, von Wagner, Christian, Faiz, Omar, Teare, Julian, Edwards, Rob, Kay, Clive, Yao, Guiqing, Lilford, Richard J., Morton, Dion, Wardle, Jane, and Atkin, Wendy

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. International consensus definition of low anterior resection syndrome

Author

Keane, C, Fearnhead, NS, Bordeianou, L, Christensen, P, Espin Basany, E, Laurberg, S, Mellgren, A, Messick, C, Orangio, GR, Verjee, A, Wing, K, Bissett, I, An, V, Bryant, A, Byrne, C, Chen, T, Clark, D, Croft, S, Dinning, P, Gladman, M, Heriot, A, Kariappa, S, Keck, J, Lubowski, D, Khera, A, Kirkwood, K, Petersen, D, Sloots, K, Totten, B, Weston, M, Andersen, P, Bachmann, C, Barht, H, Emmertsen, K, Faaborg, P, Gögenur, I, Ingerslev, P, Isaksen, D, Iversen, H, Iversen, L, Jacobsen, K, Jansen, T, Jocobsen, I, Juul, T, Kjær, D, Krogh, K, Majgaard, M, Mynster, A, Neuenschwander, A, Nielsen, C, Nielsen, M, Nielsen, R, Nielsen, T, Olsen, J, Poulsen, B, Rahr, H, Snedker, B, Sørensen, G, Stolzenburg, T, Vaabengaard, P, Acheson, A, Andreyev, J, Bach, S, Battersby, N, Bradbury, J, Brown, S, Cecil, T, Chapman, M, Chapman, S, Chave, H, Cook, T, Cuffy, L, Davies, J, Dawson, C, Dixon, J, Duff, S, Edwards, C, Geh, I, Hamilton, C, Hancock, L, Harji, D, Hill, J, Holtham, S, Jenkins, J, Johnston, R, Kapur, S, Maxwell‐Armstrong, C, McArthur, D, Moran, B, Norton, C, Nugent, K, Pateman, L, Perston, Y, Rockall, T, Sagar, P, Saunders, M, Sebag‐Montefiore, D, Senapati, A, Singh, B, Skaife, P, Smart, N, Sykes, H, Taylor, C, Thorpe, G, Tierney, G, Voyce, S, Walsh, C, Warren, O, Wheeler, J, Woodward, A, Winter, D, Abbott, S, Beban, V, Bennett, M, Chadwick, T, Collinson, R, Corbett, S, Dennett, E, Eglinton, T, Fraser, A, Glue, J, Hohaia, D, Menzi, E, O’Connor, M, Stevenson, D, Wells, C, Wolyncewicz, S, Woodfield, J, Bence, K, Boutros, M, Brueseke, M, DeKorte, J, Floruta, C, Francone, T, Frederick, F, Grasso, J, Gurland, B, Higgins, K, Hull, T, Keller, D, Laffan, A, Lovett, S, Marlatt, J, McAdams, D, McCarthy, C, Milch, H, Natale, S, Pappou, E, Paquette, I, Pulskamp, S, Rich, M, Savitt, L, Shafi, M, Steele, S, Stein, S, Tolbert, M, Varma, M, Vogler, S, Vuong, T, Wells, K, Wexner, S, Wo, J, Wright, J, Wunderlich, C, Campbell, K, Lim, M, Moug, S, Oliphant, R, Araujo‐Ferreiro, M, Ballester, C, Belen‐Bueno, A, Blanco‐Colino, R, Carrillo‐Moreno, J, Castillo, J, Codina‐Cazador, A, Enriquez‐Navascuez, JM, Gallego‐García, M, Jerez, J, Jimenez, LM, Labaka‐Aretaga, I, Martin‐Fernández, M, Martinez‐Sanchez, C, Muñoz, A, Paniagua‐Cayetano, G, Pascual‐Damieta, M, de la Portilla, F, Ramirez, L, Sanchez‐García, C, Vaquer‐Casas, G, Vico‐García, E, Vigorita, V, Adams, R, Cornish, J, Davies, M, Evans, M, Torkington, J, and Turner, J

Abstract

Aim: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is pragmatically defined as disordered bowel function after rectal resection leading to a detriment in quality of life. This broad characterization does not allow for precise estimates of prevalence. The LARS score was designed as a simple tool for clinical evaluation of LARS. Although the LARS score has good clinical utility, it may not capture all important aspects that patients may experience. The aim of this collaboration was to develop an international consensus definition of LARS that encompasses all aspects of the condition and is informed by all stakeholders. Method: This international patient–provider initiative used an online Delphi survey, regional patient consultation meetings, and an international consensus meeting. Three expert groups participated: patients, surgeons and other health professionals from five regions (Australasia, Denmark, Spain, Great Britain and Ireland, and North America) and in three languages (English, Spanish, and Danish). The primary outcome measured was the priorities for the definition of LARS. Results: Three hundred twenty-five participants (156 patients) registered. The response rates for successive rounds of the Delphi survey were 86%, 96% and 99%. Eighteen priorities emerged from the Delphi survey. Patient consultation and consensus meetings refined these priorities to eight symptoms and eight consequences that capture essential aspects of the syndrome. Sampling bias may have been present, in particular, in the patient panel because social media was used extensively in recruitment. There was also dominance of the surgical panel at the final consensus meeting despite attempts to mitigate this. Conclusion: This is the first definition of LARS developed with direct input from a large international patient panel. The involvement of patients in all phases has ensured that the definition presented encompasses the vital aspects of the patient experience of LARS. The novel separation of symptoms and consequences may enable greater sensitivity to detect changes in LARS over time and with intervention.

Published
2020

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results