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7. Bovine milk oligosaccharides decrease gut permeability and improve inflammation and microbial dysbiosis in diet-induced obese mice

Author

Boudry, Gaëlle, Hamilton, M Kristina, Chichlowski, Maciej, Wickramasinghe, Saumya, Barile, Daniela, Kalanetra, Karen M, Mills, David A, and Raybould, Helen E

Subjects
Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Animal Production, Food Sciences, Nutrition, Digestive Diseases, Microbiome, Dietary Supplements, Complementary and Integrative Health, Obesity, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Oral and gastrointestinal, Animals, Cattle, Diet, Dysbiosis, Inflammation, Mice, Mice, Obese, Milk, Oligosaccharides, Permeability, prebiotic, obesity, gut homeostasis, Dairy & Animal Science, Animal production, Food sciences, Veterinary sciences
Abstract

Obesity is characterized by altered gut homeostasis, including dysbiosis and increased gut permeability closely linked to the development of metabolic disorders. Milk oligosaccharides are complex sugars that selectively enhance the growth of specific beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and could be used as prebiotics. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effects of bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and Bifidobacterium longum ssp. infantis (B. infantis) on restoring diet-induced obesity intestinal microbiota and barrier function defects in mice. Male C57/BL6 mice were fed a Western diet (WD, 40% fat/kcal) or normal chow (C, 14% fat/kcal) for 7 wk. During the final 2 wk of the study, the diet of a subgroup of WD-fed mice was supplemented with BMO (7% wt/wt). Weekly gavage of B. infantis was performed in all mice starting at wk 3, yet B. infantis could not be detected in any luminal contents when mice were killed. Supplementation of the WD with BMO normalized the cecal and colonic microbiota with increased abundance of Lactobacillus compared with both WD and C mice and restoration of Allobaculum and Ruminococcus levels to that of C mice. The BMO supplementation reduced WD-induced increase in paracellular and transcellular flux in the large intestine as well as mRNA levels of the inflammatory marker tumor necrosis factor α. In conclusion, BMO are promising prebiotics to modulate gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function for enhanced health.

Published
2017

13. Different Fecal Microbiota in Hirschsprung's Patients With and Without Associated Enterocolitis

Author

Arnaud, Alexis P., primary, Cousin, Ianis, additional, Schmitt, Françoise, additional, Petit, Thierry, additional, Parmentier, Benoit, additional, Levard, Guillaume, additional, Podevin, Guillaume, additional, Guinot, Audrey, additional, DeNapoli, Stéphan, additional, Hervieux, Erik, additional, Flaum, Valérie, additional, De Vries, Philine, additional, Randuineau, Gwénaëlle, additional, David-Le Gall, Sandrine, additional, Buffet-Bataillon, Sylvie, additional, and Boudry, Gaëlle, additional

Published
2022
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14. Experimental evidence that polystyrene nanoplastics cross the intestinal barrier of European seabass

Author

Vagner, Marie, Boudry, Gaëlle, Courcot, Lucie, Vincent, Dorothée, Dehaut, Alexandre, Duflos, Guillaume, Huvet, Arnaud, Tallec, Kévin, Zambonino-Infante, Jose-Luis, Dehaut, Alexandre, Microplastiques, nanoplastiques dans l'environnement marin: caractérisation, impacts et évaluation des risques sanitaires. - - Nanoplastics2015 - ANR-15-CE34-0006 - AAPG2015 - VALID, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), CPER MARCO 2015 - 2020, and ANR-15-CE34-0006,Nanoplastics,Microplastiques, nanoplastiques dans l'environnement marin: caractérisation, impacts et évaluation des risques sanitaires.(2015)

Subjects
[SDV.TOX.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, education, technology, industry, and agriculture, Translocation, translocation, Ussing chambers, [SDU.STU.OC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, intestinal epithelium, Dicentrarchus labrax, Intestinal epithelium, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Polystyrene nanoplastic beads, health care economics and organizations, polystyrene nanoplastic beads, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, General Environmental Science
Abstract

International audience; Plastic pollution in marine ecosystems constitutes an important threat to marine life. For vertebrates, macro/microplastics can obstruct and/or transit into the airways and digestive tract whereas nanoplastics (NPs; < 1000 nm) have been observed in non-digestive tissues such as the liver and brain. Whether NPs cross the intestinal epithelium to gain access to the blood and internal organs remains controversial, however. Here, we show directly NP translocation across the intestinal barrier of a fish, the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, ex vivo. The luminal side of median and distal segments of intestine were exposed to fluorescent polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) of 50 nm diameter. PS-NPs that translocated to the serosal side were then detected quantitatively by fluorimetry, and qualitatively by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (Py-GC-HRMS). Fluorescence intensity on the serosal side increased 15–90 min after PS-NP addition into the luminal side, suggesting that PS-NPs crossed the intestinal barrier; this was confirmed by both SEM and Py-GC-HRMS. This study thus evidenced conclusively that NPs beads translocate across the intestinal epithelium in this marine vertebrate.

Published
2022
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17. The relationship between breast milk components and the infant gut microbiota

Author

Boudry, Gaëlle, Charton, Elise, Le Huërou-Luron, Isabelle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Le Gall, Sophie, Blat, Sophie, Even, Sergine, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRA-Unité BIA Plateforme BIBS-Microscopie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), This work was funded by the Prolific (Produits laitiers et ingredients fermentés innovants pour des populations cibles) project (grant agreement 19008213), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, and Giboulot, Anne

Subjects
milk lipids, gut microbiota, milk bacteria, Infant Gut Microbiota, Review, digestive system, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, fluids and secretions, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, maternal diet, milk oligosaccharides, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Breast Milk, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; The assembly of the newborn's gut microbiota during the first months of life is an orchestrated process resulting in specialized microbial ecosystems in the different gut compartments. This process is highly dependent upon environmental factors, and many evidences suggest that early bacterial gut colonization has long-term consequences on host digestive and immune homeostasis but also metabolism and behavior. The early life period is therefore a “window of opportunity” to program health through microbiota modulation. However, the implementation of this promising strategy requires an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms governing gut microbiota assembly. Breastfeeding has been associated with a healthy microbiota in infants. Human milk is a complex food matrix, with numerous components that potentially influence the infant microbiota composition, either by enhancing specific bacteria growth or by limiting the growth of others. The objective of this review is to describe human milk composition and to discuss the established or purported roles of human milk components upon gut microbiota establishment. Finally, the impact of maternal diet on human milk composition is reviewed to assess how maternal diet could be a simple and efficient approach to shape the infant gut microbiota.

Published
2021
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18. Milk microbiota: facts, open questions and roles for mother and offspring health

Author

Le Bras, Charles, Chuat, Victoria, Rault, Lucie, Jacquet, Nolwenn, Blat, Sophie, Boudry, Gaëlle, Valence, Florence, Le Huërou-Luron, Isabelle, Le Loir, Yves, Even, Sergine, EVEN, Sergine, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, nutrition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], mother, health, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, milk microbiota
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

19. Maternal Linoleic Acid Overconsumption Alters Offspring Gut and Adipose Tissue Homeostasis in Young but Not Older Adult Rats

Author

Marchix, Justine, Alain, Charlène, David-Le Gall, Sandrine, Acuña-Amador, Luis Alberto, Druart, Céline, Delzenne, Nathalie M, Barloy-Hubler, Frédérique, Legrand, Philippe, Boudry, Gaëlle, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Louvain Drug Research Institute [Bruxelles, Belgique] (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Jonchère, Laurent

Subjects
Male, gut microbiota, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], conjugated linoleic acids, lcsh:TX341-641, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Weaning, n-6 PUFA, Article, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Rats, adipose tissue, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Linoleic Acid, Liver, Animals, Homeostasis, Lactation, Female, Linoleic Acids, Conjugated, gut permeability, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Adiposity
Abstract

International audience; Maternal n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption during gestation and lactation can predispose offspring to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity later in life. However, the mechanisms underlying the potential programming effect of n-6 PUFA upon offspring physiology are not yet all established. Herein, we investigated the effects of maternal and weaning linoleic acid (LA)-rich diet interactions on gut intestinal and adipose tissue physiology in young (3-month-old) and older (6-month-old) adult offspring. Pregnant rats were fed a control diet (2% LA) or an LA-rich diet (12% LA) during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring were either maintained on the maternal diet or fed the other diet for 3 or 6 months. At 3 months of age, the maternal LA-diet favored low-grade inflammation and greater adiposity, while at 6 months of age, offspring intestinal barrier function, adipose tissue physiology and hepatic conjugated linoleic acids were strongly influenced by the weaning diet. The maternal LA-diet impacted offspring cecal microbiota diversity and composition at 3 months of age, but had only few remnant effects upon cecal microbiota composition at 6 months of age. Our study suggests that perinatal exposure to high LA levels induces a differential metabolic response to weaning diet exposure in adult life. This programming effect of a maternal LA-diet may be related to the alteration of offspring gut microbiota.

Published
2020
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20. Maternal linoleic acid overconsumption alters offspring microbiota and gut and adipose tissue homeostasis in young but not older adult rats

Author

Marchix, Justine, Alain, Charlène, David-Le Gall, Sandrine, Luis Alberto, Acuña-Amador, Druart, Céline, Delzenne, Nathalie, Barloy-Hubler, Frédérique, Legrand, Philippe, Boudry, Gaëlle, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), BARLOY-HUBLER, Frédérique, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, gut microbiota, conjugated linoleic acids, gut permeability, n-6 PUFA, digestive system, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, adipose tissue
Abstract

International audience; Maternal n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption during gestation and lactation can predispose offspring to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity later in life. However, the mechanisms underlying the potential programming effect of n-6 PUFA upon offspring physiology are not yet all established. Herein, we investigated the effects of maternal and weaning linoleic acid (LA)-rich diet interactions on gut microbiota, intestinal and adipose tissue physiology in young (3-month old) and older (6-month old) adult offspring. Pregnant rats were fed a control-diet (2%LA) or a LA-rich diet (12%LA) during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring was either maintained on the maternal diet or fed the other diet for 3 or 6 months. At 3 months of age, maternal LA-diet strongly impacted offspring caecal microbiota diversity and composition and favored low-grade inflammation and greater adiposity. At 6 months of age, offspring intestinal barrier function, adipose tissue physiology and hepatic CLAs were strongly influenced by the weaning diet whereas maternal LA-diet had only few remnant effects upon caecal microbiota composition. Our study suggests that perinatal exposure to high LA levels may shape the gut microbiota of offspring and induce differential metabolic response to weaning diet exposure in adult life.

Published
2020

23. Maternal Linoleic Acid Overconsumption Alters Offspring Gut and Adipose Tissue Homeostasis in Young but Not Older Adult Rats.

Author

UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Marchix, Justine, Alain, Charlène, David-Le Gall, Sandrine, Acuña-Amador, Luis Alberto, Druart, Céline, Delzenne, Nathalie M., Barloy-Hubler, Frédérique, Legrand, Philippe, Boudry, Gaëlle, UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Marchix, Justine, Alain, Charlène, David-Le Gall, Sandrine, Acuña-Amador, Luis Alberto, Druart, Céline, Delzenne, Nathalie M., Barloy-Hubler, Frédérique, Legrand, Philippe, and Boudry, Gaëlle

Abstract

Maternal -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) consumption during gestation and lactation can predispose offspring to the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity later in life. However, the mechanisms underlying the potential programming effect of -6 PUFA upon offspring physiology are not yet all established. Herein, we investigated the effects of maternal and weaning linoleic acid (LA)-rich diet interactions on gut intestinal and adipose tissue physiology in young (3-month-old) and older (6-month-old) adult offspring. Pregnant rats were fed a control diet (2% LA) or an LA-rich diet (12% LA) during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring were either maintained on the maternal diet or fed the other diet for 3 or 6 months. At 3 months of age, the maternal LA-diet favored low-grade inflammation and greater adiposity, while at 6 months of age, offspring intestinal barrier function, adipose tissue physiology and hepatic conjugated linoleic acids were strongly influenced by the weaning diet. The maternal LA-diet impacted offspring cecal microbiota diversity and composition at 3 months of age, but had only few remnant effects upon cecal microbiota composition at 6 months of age. Our study suggests that perinatal exposure to high LA levels induces a differential metabolic response to weaning diet exposure in adult life. This programming effect of a maternal LA-diet may be related to the alteration of offspring gut microbiota.

Published
2020

26. The Cheese Matrix Modulates the Immunomodulatory Properties of Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 in Healthy Piglets

Author

Rabah, Houem, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, HUANG, Song, Le Normand, Laurence, Cousin, Fabien J., Gaucher, Floriane, Jeantet, Romain, Boudry, Gaëlle, Jan, Gwenael, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements (ABTE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Bioprox, The French association Brittany Food Biotechnology (Bba), the Brittany Region and The National Association of Research and Technology (CIFRE No. 2015/0747)., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), modèle animal, matrice fromagère, Ingénierie des aliments, human health, immunomodulation, Microbiology, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Food and Nutrition, Food engineering, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, probiotique, propionibacterium freudenreichii, T lymphocytes phenotype, PBMC, MLNCv, inflammation de l'intestin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microbiology and Parasitology, food and beverages, santé humaine, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, animal models, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Alimentation et Nutrition, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, probiotic
Abstract

International audience; Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a beneficial bacterium, used as a cheese starter, which presents versatile probiotic properties. These properties are strain-dependent. We hypothesized they may also be delivery vehicle-dependent. In this study, we thus explored in healthy piglets how the cheese matrix affects the immunomodulatory properties of P. freudenreichii. During 2 weeks, three groups of weaned piglets consumed, respectively, P. freudenreichii as a liquid culture (PF-culture), P. freudenreichii under the form of a cheese (PF-cheese), or a control sterile cheese matrix (Cheesematrix). The in vivo metabolic activity of P. freudenreichii was assessed by determining short chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentration and bifidobacteria population in feces. Whatever the delivery vehicle, P. freudenreichii was metabolically active in piglets’ colon and enhanced both bifidobacteria and SCFA in feces. P. freudenreichii consumption decreased the secretion of TNFa and of IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). It did not alter IL-10, IFNg, IL-17, and TNFa secretion in mesenteric lymph node immune cells (MLNC). PF-cheese enhanced significantly Treg phenotype, while PF-culture decreased significantly Th17 phenotype in PBMC and MLNC. Remarkably, only PF-cheese induced an increase of Th2 phenotype in PBMC and MLNC. Ex vivo stimulation of PBMC and MLNC by Lipopolysaccharides and Concanavalin A emphasized the difference in the immunomodulatory responses between PF-culture and PF-cheese group, as well as between PBMC and MLNC. This study shows the importance to consider the delivery vehicle for probiotic administration. It confirms the anti-inflammatory potential of P. freudenreichii. It opens new perspectives for the use propionibacteria-fermented products as preventive agents for inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal infectious diseases.

Published
2018
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27. The delivery vehicle modulates the immunomodulatory effect of Propionibacterium freudenreichii in healthy piglets

Author

Rabah, Houem, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, HUANG, Song, Le Normand, Laurence, Cousin, Fabien, Gaucher, Floriane, Jeantet, Romain, Boudry, Gaëlle, Jan, Gwenael, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Aliments Bioprocédés Toxicologie Environnements (ABTE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR UMR INRA / AgroCampus Rennes : Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'?uf (1253)., Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
modèle animal, Ingénierie des aliments, fromage, digestion, human health, immunomodulation, produit laitier, microbiote, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Food and Nutrition, Food engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, propionibacterium freudenreichii, inflammation de l'intestin, santé humaine, produit laitier fermenté, probiotique, Microbiology and Parasitology, food and beverages, propionic acid bacteria, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, animal models, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, dairy product, Alimentation et Nutrition, bactérie propionique, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a well-known ripening starter used in the manufacture of Swiss-type cheeses. It exerts several strain-dependent probiotic features, such as the modulation of apoptosis, of immunity and of microbiota, at the gut level. Promoting fermented dairy products as functional foods is a promising manner to reduce risks of specific life-style related diseases, including colitis. In this aim, the selection of starters should be made on both technological and probiotic criteria. Previously, a single-strain cheese fermented exclusively by P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 revealed a protective effect against induced colitis in mice. Nonetheless, the effect of delivery matrix on immunomodulatory properties of P. freudenreichii is poorly understood. In addition, data on the effect of fermented cheese on healthy subject or animals are scarce. We thus compared three groups of piglets: 1) fed with a sterilized cheese matrix, 2) fed with a P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129-fermented milk ultrafiltrate and 3) fed with a P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129-single-strain cheese. The immune cells from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were extracted and different analysis were carried out: 1) the basal secretion of cytokines TNFα and IFNγ were assessed by ELISA; 2) the expression of transcription factors Tbet and GATA3, marker of lymphocytes Th1 and Th2 respectively were assessed by RT-PCR, 3); then cells were stimulated ex vivo with several stimuli (LPS and Concanavalin A (ConA) and surface proteins of P. freudenreichii (Slps)), TNFα and IFNγ secretion was measured. The ingestion of P. freudenreichii, whatever the delivery vehicle, doesn’t influence the basal secretion of TNFα and IFNγ. However, the ingestion of P. freudenreichii in the form of cheese enhances Th2 response (tolerance response) by increasing GATA3 expression in MLN cells. In addition, MLN cells from different piglet groups don’t respond similarly to ex vivo stimuli. The ingestion of P. freudenreichii in the form of cheese inhibites the TNFα secretion initiated by LPS simulation and enhanced IFNγ response during co-stimulation LPS and Slps or ConA and Slps. Altogether, in healthy piglets, the cheese matrix modulated the immunomodulatory properties of P. freudenreichii in intestinal immunity which lead to a better reaction to exogenous stimulus.

Published
2018

28. An intestinal transcriptome analysis in fetal pigs reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of maturity at birth

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jégou, Maëva, San Cristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Rome, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Pere, Marie-Christine, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannuccelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Helene, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, Le Huërou-Luron, Isabelle, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sichuan Agricultural University, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE 1372 Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Animal biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Biologie animale
Abstract

International audience; An intestinal transcriptome analysis in fetal pigs reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of maturity at birth. 50. Annual Meeting of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN)

Published
2017

29. Neonatal modulation of gut digestion and microbiota by addition of dairy lipids and probiotic L. fermentum CECT 5716 in infant formula programs adult gut microbiota and physiology in a minipig model

Author

Lemaire, Marion, Boudry, Gaëlle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Ménard, Olivia, Formal, Michele, Le Normand, Laurence, Randuineau, Gwenaëlle, Nogret, Isabelle, Rhimi, Moez, Maguin, Emmanuelle, Cuinet, I, Le Ruyet, P., Baudry, C., Dupont, Didier, Gerard, Philippe, Deglaire, Amélie, Blat, Sophie, Luron, Isabelle, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LACTALIS RECHERCHE ET DEVELOPPEMENT (LACTALIS R&D), Groupe Lactalis, Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Département Microbiologie et Chaîne Alimentaire (MICA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Infogest, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR UMR INRA / AgroCampus Rennes : Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'?uf (1253)., Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)

Subjects
modèle animal, lactobacillus fermentum, enfant prématuré, Ingénierie des aliments, bactérie probiotique, supplémentation alimentaire, digestion, formulation alimentaire, probiotique, digestive system, animal models, premature infant, intestin, lipide, formulation infantile, microbiote, lipid, Alimentation et Nutrition, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Food and Nutrition, Food engineering, digestion intestinale, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Postnatal nutrition has long-lasting impacts on adult metabolism and gut physiology. Gut microbiota has been identified as a key actor of this nutritional imprinting. We hypothesized that improving infant formulas (IF) to mimic the composition of human milk could provide short- and long-term health benefits. We therefore investigated the short- and long-term effects of addition of dairy lipids (DL) and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 (Lf) in IF on gut microbiota and physiology in a Yucatan minipig model.Forty-eight piglets received a formula containing only plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of PL and DL (DL), or a half-half mixture of PL and DL supplemented with Lf (DL+Lf) from postnatal day (PND) 2 to 28. Twenty-two piglets were euthanized at PND28 whereas twenty-six pigs were weaned on a standard diet for 1 month, then challenged with a hyperenergetic diet for 3 months and euthanized at PND140. At PND28, DL±Lf piglets displayed higher gastric protein hydrolysis and higher proximal jejunal and ileal diglycerides and cholesterol contents compared to PL. In addition to changes in intestinal permeability and density of goblet cells, faecal metabolome and microbiota composition were modified by the IF composition. At family level, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae were higher in DL±Lf compared to PL whereas those of Bacteroidales S24-7 group were lower compared to PL.At PND140, OTUs belonging to Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae families were increased in DL compared to PL while OTUs belonging to Lachnospiraceae family were increased in DL±Lf compared to PL. Ileal trans- and paracellular permeabilities were higher in DL±Lf compared to PL, while jejunal LPS passage and ileal explant LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNFα and IL-8) secretions were decreased.This study demonstrates IF composition-induced changes in neonate gut physiology with a long-term programming effect involving gut microbiota

Published
2017

30. Additional file 8: Figure S2. of Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jegou, Maeva, SanCristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Romé, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Marie-Christine Père, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannucelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Hélène, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, and Huërou-Luron, Isabelle Le

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

Box-plot representation of NR3C1 and TGFB2 expression in fetuses with different genotypes at 90 (d90) and 110 day (d110) of gestation. (PDF 120 kb)

Published
2017
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31. Additional file 1: Table S1. of Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jegou, Maeva, SanCristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Romé, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Marie-Christine Père, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannucelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Hélène, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, and Huërou-Luron, Isabelle Le

Subjects
embryonic structures, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

Concentration of blood parameters from umbilical cord of purebred fetuses (LW or MS) and crossbred fetuses (LWMS and MSLW) at 90 and 110 days of gestation [68–71]. (PDF 351 kb)

Published
2017
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32. Addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 in infant formula programs gut microbiota, epithelial permeability, immunity and GLP-1 secretion in adult minipigs

Author

Lemaire, Marion, Boudry, Gaëlle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Nogret, Isabelle, Formal, Michele, Cahu, Armelle, Le Normand, Laurence, Randuineau, Gwenaëlle, Guerin, Sylvie, Rome, Véronique, Rhimi, Moez, LE RUYET, Pascale, Cuinet, Isabelle, Baudry, Charlotte, Gerard, Philippe, Blat, Sophie, Luron, Isabelle, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Groupe Lactalis, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
milk fat globules, miniporc, matière grasse du lait, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], microbiote digestif, empreinte nutritionnelle, probiotique, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], nutrition, barrière épithéliale, nutritional imprinting, fonction endocrine, immunité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, probiotic
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

33. Additional file 2: Table S2. of Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jegou, Maeva, SanCristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Romé, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Marie-Christine Père, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannucelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Hélène, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, and Huërou-Luron, Isabelle Le

Abstract

Primer sequences used for qRT-PCR. PPIA, peptidylprolyl isomerase A; TBP, TATA box binding protein; CCL2, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2; CIRBP, cold inducible RNA binding protein; FABP1, fatty acid binding protein 1; GBP1, guanylate binding protein 1; G6PC, Glucose 6 phosphatase; PPARGC1A, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha. (PDF 160 kb)

Published
2017
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34. Additional file 5: Figure S1. of Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jegou, Maeva, SanCristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Romé, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Marie-Christine Père, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannucelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Hélène, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, and Huërou-Luron, Isabelle Le

Subjects
endocrine system, embryonic structures
Abstract

PCA analysis of the additive model, the gestational age model and the fetal genotype model. (a) For the gestational age model, the PC1 explained 30.0% of the total variance and segregated data from fetuses according to their age. (b) For the genotype model, the data from purebred LW and MS fetuses were clearly separated along the PC1 (24.3%) while the data from crossbred fetuses segregated on the PC3 (10.5%). (c) The gestational age segregation was also clear cut in PC1 (24.4%) of the additive model, while the purebred fetuses segregated on PC2 (16.2%). (PDF 153 kb)

Published
2017
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35. Additional file 10: Figure S3. of Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, Voillet, Valentin, Jegou, Maeva, SanCristobal, Magali, Dou, Samir, Romé, Véronique, Lippi, Yannick, Billon, Yvon, Marie-Christine Père, Boudry, Gaëlle, Gress, Laure, Iannucelli, Nathalie, Mormède, Pierre, Quesnel, Hélène, Canario, Laurianne, Liaubet, Laurence, and Huërou-Luron, Isabelle Le

Subjects
body regions, nervous system, fungi
Abstract

Box-plot representation of the seven tested genes in qPCR compared to their microarray expression. (PDF 359 kb)

Published
2017
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36. Neonatal high protein intake enhances neonatal growth without significant adverse renal effects in spontaneous IUGR piglets

Author

Boubred, Farid, Jamin, Agnès, Buffat, Christophe, Daniel, Laurent, Borel, Patrick, Boudry, Gaëlle, Luron, Isabelle, Simeoni, Umberto, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire, Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Laboratoire de Biopathologie de l'Adhésion et de la Signalisation (EA3281), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, DOHaD Laboratory CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Université de Lausanne, ANR grant # 05 PNRA‐009, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université M'hamed Bougara, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
Male, intrauterine growth restriction, nephron number, Swine, animal diseases, Kidney Glomerulus, glomerular sclerosis, hypertrophie, Kidney, urologic and male genital diseases, lcsh:Physiology, sclérose, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Birth Weight, Diet, High-Protein/adverse effects, Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation/diet therapy, Fetal Growth Retardation/pathology, Fetal Growth Retardation/physiopathology, Kidney/anatomy & histology, Kidney/physiology, Kidney Glomerulus/anatomy & histology, Organ Size, Catch‐up growth, high protein intake, low birth weight, sclerosis, health services administration, filtration glomérulaire, glomerular filtration, Food and Nutrition, alimentation neonatale, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Original Research, Fetal Growth Retardation, lcsh:QP1-981, protein content, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, teneur en protéines, Alimentation et Nutrition, Diet, High-Protein, retard de croissance intrautérine, protéine tissulaire, Dietary Proteins, hypertrophy, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, développement néonatal
Abstract

In humans, early high protein (HP) intake has been recommended to prevent postnatal growth restriction and complications of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). However, the impact of such a strategy on the kidneys remains unknown, while significant renal hypertrophy, proteinuria, and glomerular sclerosis have been demonstrated in few experimental studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a neonatal HP formula on renal structure in IUGR piglets. Spontaneous IUGR piglets were randomly allocated to normal protein (NP, javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@68d5845e = 10) formula or to HP formula (+50% protein content, javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@3e768c15 = 10) up to day 28 after birth. Body weight, body composition, renal functions, and structure were assessed at the end of the neonatal period. While birth weights were similar, 28-day-old HP piglets were 18% heavier than NP piglets ( javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@206b72ec < javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@7f241a6d 0.01). Carcass protein content was 22% higher in HP than in NP offspring ( javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@3b9786a3 < javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@318ba3e0 0.01). Despite a HP intake, kidney weight and glomerular fibrosis were unaltered in HP piglets. Only a 20% increase in glomerular volume was noted in HP piglets ( javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@4a0c5b2f

Published
2017
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37. L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et L. fermentum CECT 5716 dans des formules infantiles modifie les fonctions barrière et immunitaire intestinales sans effet sur les conséquences métaboliques d’un régime hyperénergétique chez le miniporc adulte

Author

Lemaire, Marion, Boudry, Gaëlle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Nogret, Isabelle, Le Normand, Laurence, Randuineau, Gwenaëlle, Formal, Michele, Guerin, Sylvie, Cahu, Armelle, LE RUYET, Pascale, Cuinet, Isabelle, Baudry, Charlotte, Blat, Sophie, Luron, Isabelle, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Groupe Lactalis, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes, and centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
milk fat globules, miniporc, métabolisme lipidique, matière grasse du lait, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], barrière intestinale, métabolisme glucidique, sucking pig, probiotique, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], lipid metabolism, nutrition infantile, carbohydrate metabolism, porcelet, immunité, probiotic
Abstract

L’incorporation de matière grasse laitière et [i]L. fermentum CECT 5716[/i] dans des formules infantiles modifie les fonctions barrière et immunitaire intestinales sans effet sur les conséquences métaboliques d’un régime hyperénergétique chez le miniporc adulte. 16. Journées Francophones de Nutrition (JFN)

Published
2016

38. Transient overconsumption induced by a Western diet in rats is essential to the control of metabolic endotoxemia via regulation of LPS intestinal translocation

Author

Guerville, Mathilde, Sinquin, Annaëlle, Laugerette, Fabienne, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Boudry, Gaëlle, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
obesity, endotoxin, régime alimentaire, obésité, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, rat, lipopolisaccharide, endotoxine, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Increased plasma level of gut bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharides (metabolic endotoxemia) due to alteration of intestinal homeostasis plays an important role in obesity-related disorders. We hypothesized that initial calorie overconsumption during Western diet feeding in rats alters intestinal homeostasis, leading to increased lipopolysaccharides (LPS) translocation. Rats were fed for 1 or 6 weeks either a control diet (C), a Western Diet (45% fat) ad libitum (WDal) or at the same caloric level than C rats (WDpf). Adiposity and weight gain were similarly increased in both groups of WD rats, whereas endotoxemia was increased only in rats fed WD without calorie overconsumption. WD feeding increased intestinal LPS detoxification mechanisms (alkaline phosphate activity) and transiently decreased caecal bile acids receptors mRNA, irrespective of the energy intake level. However, sustained increased in intestinal LPS permeability and decreased caecal pxr, md2 and myd88 mRNA level were observed in WDpf rats as opposed to transient effects at week 1 in WDal rats. A Western diet has both profound and transient effects on the mechanisms preventing LPS intestinal translocation. The transient effects seem to be driven by initial calorie intake and involved in the control of metabolic endotoxemia.

Published
2016

39. Dairy lipids and L. fermentum incorporation in infant formula has long-term effects on intestinal permeability and immunity but no effect on metabolic dysfunction induced by an obesogenic diet in a minipig model

Author

Lemaire, Marion, Boudry, Gaëlle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Nogret, Isabelle, Le Normand, Laurence, Randuineau, Gwenaëlle, Formal, Michele, Guerin, Sylvie, Cahu, Armelle, Le Ruyet, Pascale, Cuinet, Isabelle, Baudry, Charlotte, Blat, Sophie, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Groupe Lactalis, centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes

Subjects
milk fat globules, matière grasse du lait, barrière intestinale, empreinte nutritionnelle, probiotique, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, microbiote, Alimentation et Nutrition, nutrition infantile, Food and Nutrition, nutritional imprinting, immunité, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, probiotic
Abstract

Dairy lipids and L. fermentum incorporation in infant formula has long-term effects on intestinal permeability and immunity but no effect on metabolic dysfunction induced by an obesogenic diet in a minipig model . 3. Colloque de la Société Francophone pour la recherche et l'éducation sur les Origines Développementales, Environnementales et Epigénétiques de la Santé et des Maladies (SF-DOHAD)

Published
2016

40. Comparing the intestinal transcriptome of Meishan and Large White piglets during late fetal development reveals genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and immunity as valuable clues of intestinal maturity

Author

Yao, Ying, primary, Voillet, Valentin, additional, Jegou, Maeva, additional, SanCristobal, Magali, additional, Dou, Samir, additional, Romé, Véronique, additional, Lippi, Yannick, additional, Billon, Yvon, additional, Père, Marie-Christine, additional, Boudry, Gaëlle, additional, Gress, Laure, additional, Iannucelli, Nathalie, additional, Mormède, Pierre, additional, Quesnel, Hélène, additional, Canario, Laurianne, additional, Liaubet, Laurence, additional, and Le Huërou-Luron, Isabelle, additional

Published
2017
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42. Intestinal epithelium sensitivity to acetylcholine varies with age and intestinal location in piglets

Author

Arnaud, Alexis, Richard, Marion, Boudry, Gaëlle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
modèle animal, système cholinergique, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, sucking pig, animal models, Hépatologie et Gastroentérologie, perte d'électrolyte, perméabilité intestinale, physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Hépatology and Gastroenterology, cellule épithéliale intestinale, porcelet, système nerveux, Physiologie
Abstract

Objectives and Study: Defaults in intestinal barrier function, including altered tight junction permeability and electrolyte secretion, are involved in various diseases in children but little is known about its nervous regulation and its postnatal maturation. The aim of our study was to describe the evolution of intestinal barrier permeability and electrolyte secretion within the first month of life and its regulation by the cholinergic system in piglets. Methods: 28 suckling piglets were sacrificed at age 0, 2, 14 and 28 days. Jejunum, ileum and colon were sampled to study intestinal barrier function in Ussing chamber. Short-circuit current (Isc) and flux of FITC-dextran 4000 (FD4) were used to evaluate electrolyte secretion and paracellular permeability, respectively. Cholinergic modulation was investigated by the use of carbachol, a cholinergic agonist. Acetylcholine esterase (AChE) assay was performed on each level of the bowel at each age to describe acetylcholine catabolism. Results: An age effect was identified for most of the parameters studied, yet with different patterns depending on the location and the parameter considered. In the jejunum, FD4 flux increased with age (+420%, P

Published
2015

44. Flexibility of the gut during the neonatal period: does it have consequences later in life?

Author

Boudry, Gaëlle, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
nutrition, microbiote, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, nutritional imprinting, empreinte nutritionnelle, immunité intestinale, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Early life nutrition impacts durably several physiological and metabolic functions and is a risk factor for the development of metabolic disease in adults (obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, …). This theory of nutritional imprinting or Developmental Origin of Health and Disease established by Barker in the late 80’s (1) has been reinforced by experimental data on organs and tissues directly involved in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome (liver, adipose tissue, pancreas…) (2). The gut has got little attention in this context so far. Yet, evidences for a role of the gut in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases in adults, especially with gut microbiota and barrier function maladaptation to a high fat diet, have emerged (3-4). The structure of the gut microbiota is established and the mucosal immune system programed in early life. This postnatal development is not hard-wired and is influenced by environmental and nutritional factors. Man can hypothesize that this flexibility in acquisition of the microbiota and education of the gut immune system in early life would be long-lasting and induce distinct response to a high fat diet later in life. There are already several evidences that early life environmental factors including stress such as maternal deprivation or chemical contaminants such as bisphenol A dramatically impact adult response to gut inflammation or visceral painful stimuli in models of inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Recently, evidences have also emerged that nutritional factors, including energy, fat and fatty acids, protein, and micronutrients imbalances during early life have remnant effects of gut function in adults with alterations in microbiota, intestinal barrier function and/or defense systems. Examples of such long-term effects on the gut will be provided, focusing on piglet model and adaptation to a high fat diet. Those emerging data challenges neonatal nutrition which, apart from its traditional role as a supplier of building blocks for growth, may play another, yet potentially crucial role in shaping the individual’s future life, impinging on the risk of disease decades later on.

Published
2013

45. Synergy between the prebiotic bovine milk oligosaccharides and the probiotic B. infantis improves gut barrier function in vivo

Author

Hamilton, Mary Kristina, Boudry, Gaëlle, Chichlowski, Maciej, Wickramasinghe, Saumya, Mills, David A., Raybould, Helen E, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes

Subjects
mice, intestin, perméabilité intestinale, Alimentation et Nutrition, prebiotique, barrière intestinale, Food and Nutrition, souris, probiotique, intestine, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, probiotic
Abstract

Prebiotics and probiotics are used for treatment of GI disorders, such inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and recently, obesity; these disorders have altered gut microbiota, impaired intestinal barrier function, and inflammation. A synergistic relationship has been shown between prebiotic bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and probiotic Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) in vitro (Garrido et al, Plos One, 2011). The aim of the study was to assess the ability of BMO and B. infantis to restore intestinal permeability in vivo. Mice were fed a western diet (WD, 20% fat) or normal chow (NC, 10% fat) for seven weeks. For the final two weeks of the study, the diet of a subgroup of WD-fed mice was supplemented with BMO (7%). Weekly gavage of B. infantis was performed in all mice starting at week three. The presence of B. infantis was confirmed in the large intestine of all mice at the completion of the study. Intestinal tissue was mounted in Ussing chambers to evaluate intestinal permeability. Ingestion of WD compared to NC increased paracellular and transcellular flux in the large intestine; barrier function was restored by BMO supplementation. mRNA of the inflammatory marker TNFα was lower in intestine of BMO-supplemented compared to WD mice. Conditioned medium from B. infantis+BMO but not from B. infantis+lactose cultures protected against pro-inflammatory cytokine-induced alteration of barrier function in Caco-2 cells. The data support the hypothesis that B. infantis+BMO restores intestinal barrier function, thereby decreasing the passage of detrimental luminal contents causing inflammation.

Published
2013

46. Progressive increase in large intestine transcellular but not paracellular permeability correlates with plasma endotoxemia in diet-induced obese rats

Author

Boudry, Gaëlle, Hamilton, M Kristina, de Lartigue, Guillaume, Ronveaux, Charlotte, Raybould, Helen E, Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes, University of California (UC), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
obesity, endotoxin, lipopolisaccharide, endotoxine, digestive system, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, régime alimentaire, obésité, perméabilité paracellulaire, perméabilité intestinale, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, rat, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Background: High fat diet-induced obesity is characterized by increased intestinal paracellular permeability, increased plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS), low-grade inflammation and metabolic alterations. Whether the increase in plasma LPS is due to the increased paracellular permeability is unclear. Moreover, the contribution of altered paracellular versus transcellular transport in different regions of the intestine to the obese phenotype has not been determined. Since LPS is a large molecule (.10 kDa), we hypothesized that it crosses the epithelium via a transcellular route. The aims of this study aims were to determine 1) the route of LPS passage and 2) the temporal relationship between alterations in small and large intestinal permeability and endotoxemia in rats fed a high fat diet. Methods: Route of LPS passage was evaluated in cell culture models (Caco-2 and T84) and in rat intestinal tissues mounted in Ussing chambers using LPS-FITC, horseradish peroxidase (HRP, marker of transcellular permeability) and electrical conductance (marker of paracellular permeability). Diet-induced obesity was induced by feeding rats a high fat diet (HF, 45% fat) or normal chow (NC, 10% fat) for 1, 3 or 6 weeks. FITC-dextran 4000 (FD-4, marker of paracellular permeability) and HRP fluxes across intestinal tissues were evaluated in Ussing chambers. Plasma LPSbinding protein (LBP) was measured by ELISA. Results: In Caco-2 and T84 cells and rat intestine, FITC-LPS flux correlated significantly with HRP flux (P ,0.05) but not with electrical conductance (P.0.05), suggesting LPS crosses the gut epithelium through the transcellular rather than paracellular route. In the small intestine, FD-4 flux was higher in HF than NC rats at wk1 (jejunum P=0.08, ileum P=0.004) then returned to normal values ; HRP flux was not affected by HF diet (Table 1). In the large intestine, FD-4 flux was increased in the HF rats (Table 1). HRP flux was increased in the caecum and colon of HF compared to NC rats at wk3 (P=0.03 and 0.04) and wk6 (P=0.009 and 0.02) but not wk1 (Table 1). Plasma LBP was increased in HF rats at wk3 and wk6 (P=0.03 and 0.04, Table 1). Plasma LBP significantly correlated with caecum and colon HRP flux (P=0.006 and 0.01), which correlated significantly with adiposity (P,0.001). Conclusion: HF feeding induces an early increase in paracellular permeability in both small and large intestine. HF feeding induces a later onset (wk3) increase in transcellular transport in the large intestine that correlates with plasma LBP and adiposity. These data support the hypothesis that alteration of transcellular but not paracellular transport in the large intestine is involved in the metabolic endotoxemia and phenotype of diet-induced obesity in rats.

Published
2013
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47. Supplementation of the maternal diet with linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) modifies piglet gut immune system education towards LPS

Author

Desaldeleer, Cécile, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Le Normand, Laurence, Perrier, Cécile, Savary, Gérard, de Quelen, Francine, Luron, Isabelle, Boudry, Gaëlle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
nutrition, acide gras polyinsaturé, système immunitaire, perméabilité intestinale, Alimentation et Nutrition, Food and Nutrition, truie, porcelet, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Objectives and Study: N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have many beneficial health effects, especially in neonates. We recently demonstrated that supplementation of the maternal diet with alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) increases intestinal permeability at the end of the suckling period in piglets1. Education of the gut immune system towards the colonizing microbiota, and particularly towards lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is intense during this period. We hypothesized that the increased intestinal permeability observed with maternal n-3 PUFA would lead to increased transepithelial passage of LPS and modification of the gut immune system education towards this bacterial component. Methods: Two groups of sows were fed either a flaxseed-based (n-3 group) or a sunflower oil-based diet (n-6 group) during gestation and lactation. Piglets suckled their dam until post-natal day (PND) 28 when they were weaned on a regular weaning diet. From PND 14 to 28, a sub-group of piglets in each litter received an anti-gram negative bacteria antibiotic per os daily. At PND28 and 52, FITC-labeled LPS passage across the jejunum was evaluated ex vivo in Ussing chambers. Cultures of jejunal explants were used to evaluate cytokine secretion in response to LPS. Mononuclear cells were also isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and cultivated with LPS or concanavalin A. Results: At PND28, passage of FITC-LPS across the jejunum was increased in n-3 piglets (P

Published
2013

48. Effects of sow antibiotic treatment and offspring diet on microbiota and gut barrier throughout life

Author

Lalles, Jean Paul, Arnal, Marie-Edith, Boudry, Gaëlle, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Le Huërou-Luron, Isabelle, Zhang, Jing, Smidt, Hauke, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Département Alimentation Humaine INRA (ALIM-H), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Alimentation Adaptations Digestives, Nerveuse et Comportementales (ADNC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), UAR 1189 Département Alimentation Humaine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Alimentation Humaine (ALIM.H), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Département Alimentation Humaine (DPT ALIM. H), centre de rennes-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-centre de rennes

Subjects
traitement antibiotique, replica, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, microbiote, Alimentation et Nutrition, yelt, barrière intestinale, Food and Nutrition, sucking pig, truie, porcelet, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, empreinte
Abstract

Neonatal microbial colonization of the gut participates in anatomical and functional development of this organ. Perinatal use of antibiotics (AB) is suspected to contribute to later development of diet-related diseases in human, through early alterations in microbial colonization impacting gut and distant-organ function. In that respect, gut barrier function, including permeability, detoxification, immune and cytoprotection systems are important aspects. AB treatment around farrowing also happens in pig production. However, the consequences on gut barrier throughout life in offspring are unknown. During the Interplay EU project, we developed a pig model of AB-induced early microbiota disturbances for investigating short- and longerterm consequences on offspring gut barrier function. Sows were given orally a broad spectrum AB around farrowing (day -10 to +21). Offspring were sacrificed during suckling, after weaning and at 6 months of age. In the long-term protocol, offspring were fed a high fat (vs. low fat) diet for 4 weeks as a model of diet-induced low grade inflammation. AB treatment of sows affected their faecal microbiota and that of their offspring. We observed age-dependent alterations in offspring ileal and colonic permeability, ileal epithelial transcriptome, mucosal inflammation traits, digestive enzymes, ileal and colonic protective heat shock proteins and in digesta concentrations of pro-inflammatory bacterial components. Interactions between perinatal antibiotic treatment of mothers and offspring adult diet was often significant for gut parameters. Data indicate that both early gut microbial colonization disturbances and late nutritional environment condition gut function in adulthood according to specific spatio-temporal patterns. Underlying molecular mechanisms and correlations between physiological and microbial traits are under investigation.

Published
2013

49. Effet de l'incorporation de graines de lin extrudées dans l'aliment de la truie sur la fonction de barrière intestinale du porcelet

Author

de Quelen, Francine, Ferret-Bernard, Stéphanie, Mourot, Jacques, Boudry, Gaëlle, Systèmes d'élevage, nutrition animale et humaine (SENAH), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Valorex SAS, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
acide alpha linoléique, alimentation animale, santé animale, perméabilité intestinale, animal diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], immunité intestinale, porc
Abstract

Session : AlimentationSession : Alimentation; The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of extruded linseed (rich in alpha‐linolenic acid, ALA) in the sow diet on the intestinal barrier function of piglets. Twelve sows (Large White x Landrace) were divided into two groups: the first one received a diet containing sunflower oil (ALA3 with ALA represented 3% of total fatty acids) and the second received a diet containing extruded linseed (ALA27 with 27% of ALA) during gestation and lactation. Intestinal paracellular permeability was assessed in Ussing chamber on piglets at weaning (28 days of age). Intestinal sensitivity to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was also determined at weaning, using jejunal explant cultures, through pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin 8 (IL8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) secretion in response to different doses of LPS. Jejunal permeability of ALA27 piglets was higher than that of ALA3. Jejunal sensitivity to LPS was lower in ALA27 piglets despite the higher intestinal permeability. In conclusion, incorporation of extruded linseed in the sow diet during gestation and lactation modified the intestinal barrier function of piglet at weaning. However, this higher intestinal permeability was not associated with immediate consequences on the inflammatory status of piglet mucosa.

Published
2012

50. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the maternal diet modify the postnatal development of nervous regulation of intestinal permeability in piglets

Author

De Quelen, Francine, Chevalier, Jérome, Rolli-Derkinderen, M., Mourot, Jacques, Neunlist, M., Boudry, Gaëlle, Systèmes d'élevage, nutrition animale et humaine (SENAH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Valorex SAS, U913, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des maladies de l'appareil digestif, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

The intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) plays a key role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis and the development of the immune system in newborns. The enteric nervous system (ENS), a key regulator of gastrointestinal functions, has been shown to be modulated by nutritional factors. However, it remains currently unknown whether maternal diet, in particular n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA), can impact upon IEB in newborn piglets and whether the ENS is involved in this effect. Sows received either a control diet (lard-based) or an n-3PUFA diet (linseed oil-based) during gestation and lactation. Intestinal paracellular permeability was assessed in Ussing chamber on piglets at birth, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 post-natal days (PND). Basal jejunal permeability increased significantly and similarly in both groups until PND14 and decreased thereafter. However, at PND28, permeability was higher in n-3PUFA animals as compared to controls. In addition, VIP receptor antagonist increased paracellular permeability in controls but not in n-3PUFA piglets. Conversely, atropine and hexamethonium decreased paracellular permeability in the n-3PUFA group but not in the control group. Moreover, the n-3PUFA diet increased the proportion of ChAT-immunoreactive (IR) neurons and decreased the proportion of VIP-IR neurons in the submucosal plexus of piglet jejunum compared to controls. In addition, in primary culture of rat ENS, we showed that 20:5n-3 but not 18:3n-3 increased the proportion of ChAT-IR neurons and decreased the proportion of VIP-IR neurons. In conclusion, supplementation of the maternal diet with n-3PUFA modified intestinal permeability probably via diet-induced neuroplastic changes in the ENS of newborn piglets.

Published
2011
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