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1. Impact of Hemoglobin Levels on Composite Cardiac Arrest or Stroke Outcome in Patients With Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19

Author: Shi Nan Feng, BSPH, Thu-Lan Kelly, PhD, John F. Fraser, MD, PhD, Gianluigi Li Bassi, MD, PhD, Jacky Suen, PhD, Akram Zaaqoq, MD, MPH, Matthew J. Griffee, MD, Rakesh C. Arora, MD, Nicole White, PhD, Glenn Whitman, MD, Chiara Robba, MD, PhD, Denise Battaglini, MD, PhD, Sung-Min Cho, DO, MHS, on behalf of COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium (CCCC), Robert Bartlett, John F. Fraser, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Jacky Y. Suen, Heidi J. Dalton, John Laffey, Daniel Brodie, Eddy Fan, Antoni Torres, Davide Chiumello, Alyaa Elhazm, Carol Hodgson, Shingo Ichiba, Carlos Luna, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Pauline Yeung Ng, Mark Ogino, Aidan Burrell, Antonio Pesenti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Huda Alfoudri, Mohammed Shamsah, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Ashley Berg, Christina Horn, Yunis Mayasi, Stephan Schroll, Dan Meyer, Jorge Velazco, Ludmyla Ploskanych, Wanda Fikes, Rohini Bagewadi, Marvin Dao, Haley White, Alondra Berrios Laviena, Ashley Ehlers Maysoon, Shalabi-McGuire, Trent Witt, Lorenzo Grazioli, Luca Lorini, E. Wilson Grandin, Jose Nunez, Tiago Reyes, Diarmuid O’Briain, Stephanie Hunter, Mahesh Ramanan, Julia Affleck, Hemanth Hurkadli Veerendra, Sumeet Rai, Josie Russell-Brown, Mary Nourse, Mark Joseph, Brook Mitchell, Martha Tenzer, Ryuzo Abe, Hwa Jin Cho, In Seok Jeong, Nadeem Rahman, Vivek Kakar, Andres Oswaldo Razo Vazquez, Nicolas Brozzi, Omar Mehkri, Sudhir Krishnan Abhijit, Duggal Stuart Houltham, Jerónimo Graf, Roderigo Diaz, Roderigo Orrego, Camila Delgado, Joyce González, Maria Soledad Sanchez, Michael Piagnerelli, Josefa Valenzuela Sarrazin, A/Prof. Gustavo Zabert, Lucio Espinosa, Paulo Delgado, Victoria Delgado, Diego Fernando, Bautista Rincón, Angela Maria Marulanda Yanten, Melissa Bustamante Duque, Alyaa Elhazmi, Abdullah Al-Hudaib, Maria Callahan, M. Azhari Taufik, Elizabeth Yasmin Wardoyo, Margaretha Gunawan, Nurindah S Trisnaningrum, Vera Irawany, Muhammad Rayhan, Mauro Panigada, Alberto Zanella, Giacomo Grasselli, Sebastiano Colombo, Chiara Martinet, Gaetano Florio, Massimo Antonelli, Simone Carelli, Domenico L. Grieco, Motohiro Asaki, Kota Hoshino, Leonardo Salazar, Mary Alejandra Mendoza Monsalve, Bairbre McNicholas, David Cosgrave, Joseph McCaffrey, Allison Bone, Yusuff Hakeem, James Winearls, Mandy Tallott, David Thomson, Christel Arnold-Day, Jerome Cupido, Zainap Fanie, Malcom Miller, Lisa Seymore, Dawid van Straaten, Ali Ait Hssain, Jeffrey Aliudin, Al-Reem Alqahtani, Khoulod Mohamed, Ahmed Mohamed, Darwin Tan, Joy Villanueva, Ahmed Zaqout, Ethan Kurtzman, Arben Ademi, Ana Dobrita, Khadija El Aoudi, Juliet Segura, Gezy Giwangkancana, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Javier Osatnik, Anne Joosten, Minlan Yang, Ana Motos, Francisco Arancibia, Virginie Williams, Alexandre Noel, Nestor Luque, Marina Fantini, Ruth Noemi Jorge García, Enrique Chicote Alvarez, Anna Greti, Adrian Ceccato, Angel Sanchez, Ana Loza Vazquez, Ferran Roche-Campo, Diego Franch-Llasat, Divina Tuazon, Marcelo Amato, Luciana Cassimiro, Flavio Pola, Francis Ribeiro, Guilherme Fonseca, Heidi Dalton, Mehul Desai, Erik Osborn Hala Deeb, Antonio Arcadipane, Gennaro Martucci, Giovanna Panarello, Chiara Vitiello, Claudia Bianco, Giovanna Occhipinti, Matteo Rossetti, Raffaele Cuffaro, Sung-Min Cho, Glenn Whitman, Hiroaki Shimizu, Naoki Moriyama, Jae-Burm Kim, Nobuya Kitamura, Johannes Gebauer, Toshiki Yokoyama, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Sarah Buabbas, Esam Alamad, Fatma Alawadhi, Kalthoum Alawadi, Hiro Tanaka, Satoru Hashimoto, Masaki Yamazaki, Tak-Hyuck Oh, Mark Epler, Cathleen Forney, Louise Kruse, Jared Feister, Joelle Williamson, Katherine Grobengieser, Eric Gnall, Sasha Golden, Mara Caroline, Timothy Shapiro, Colleen Karaj, Lisa Thome, Lynn Sher, Mark Vanderland, Mary Welch, Sherry McDermott, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Dai Kimura, Luca Brazzi, Gabriele Sales, Giorgia Montrucchio, Tawnya Ogston, Dave Nagpal, Karlee Fischer, Roberto Lorusso, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Sujin Rai, Argin Appu, Mariano Esperatti, Nora Angélica Fuentes, Maria Eugenia Gonzalez, Edmund G. Carton, Ayan Sen, Amanda Palacios, Deborah Rainey, Gordan Samoukoviv, Josie Campisi, Lucia Durham, Emily Neumann, Cassandra Seefeldt, Octavio Falcucci, Amanda Emmrich, Jennifer Guy, Carling Johns, Kelly Potzner, Catherine Zimmermann, Angelia Espinal, Nina Buchtele, Michael Schwameis, Andrea Korhnfehl, Roman Brock, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne, Stecher Michaela Barnikel, Sófia Antón, Alexandra Pawlikowski, Akram Zaaqoq, Lan Anh Galloway, Caitlin Merley, Marc Csete, Luisa Quesada, Isabela Saba, Daisuke Kasugai, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Taku Tanaka, Eva Marwali, Yoel Purnama, Santi Rahayu Dewayanti, Ardiyan, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Debby Siagian, Yih-Sharng Chen, Indrek Ratsep, Andra-Maris Post, Piret Sillaots, Anneli Krund, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Tanel Lepik, Frank Manetta, Effe Mihelis, Iam Claire Sarmiento, Mangala Narasimhan, Michael Varrone, Mamoru Komats, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Catherine Harmon, S. Veena Satyapriya, Amar Bhatt, Nahush A. Mokadam, Alberto Uribe, Alicia Gonzalez, Haixia Shi, Johnny McKeown, Joshua Pasek, Juan Fiorda, Marco Echeverria, Rita Moreno, Bishoy Zakhary, Marco Cavana, Alberto Cucino, Giuseppe Foti, Marco Giani, Benedetta Fumagalli, Valentina Castagna, Andrea Dell’Amore, Paolo Navalesi, Hoi-Ping Shum, Alain Vuysteke, Asad Usman, Andrew Acker, Benjamin Smood, Blake Mergler, Federico Sertic, Madhu Subramanian, Alexandra Sperry, Nicolas Rizer, Erlina Burhan, Menaldi Rasmin, Ernita Akmal, Faya Sitompul, Navy Lolong, Bhat Naivedh, Simon Erickson, Peter Barrett, David Dean, Julia Daugherty, Antonio Loforte, Irfan Khan, Mohammed Abraar Quraishi, Olivia DeSantis, Dominic So, Darshana Kandamby, Jose M. Mandei, Hans Natanael, Eka YudhaLantang, Anastasia Lantang, Surya Oto Wijaya, Anna Jung, George Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Shu Fang, Alexis Tabah, Megan Ratcliffe, Maree Duroux, Shingo Adachi, Shota Nakao, Pablo Blanco, Ana Prieto, Jesús Sánchez, Meghan Nicholson, Warwick Butt, Alyssa Serratore, Carmel Delzoppo, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Richard Totaro, Jennifer Coles, Bambang Pujo, Robert Balk, Andy Vissing, Esha Kapania, James Hays, Samuel Fox, Garrett Yantosh, Pavel Mishin, Saptadi Yuliarto, Kohar Hari Santoso, Susanthy Djajalaksana, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Masahiro Fukuda, Keibun Liu, Paolo Pelosi, Denise Battaglini, Juan Fernando Masa Jiménez, Diego Bastos, Sérgio Gaião, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Young-Jae Cho, Su Hwan Lee, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Laveena Munshi, Pranya Sakiyalak, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Tamara Seitz, Rakesh Arora, David Kent, Daniel Marino, Swapnil Parwar, Andrew Cheng, Jennene Miller, Shigeki Fujitani, Naoki Shimizu, Jai Madhok, Clark Owyang, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, Olavi Maasikas, Aleksan Beljantsev, Vladislav Mihnovits, Takako Akimoto, Mariko Aizawa, Kanako Horibe, Ryota Onodera, Meredith Young, Timothy George, Kiran Shekar, Niki McGuinness, Lacey Irvine, Brigid Flynn, Tomoyuki Endo, Kazuhiro Sugiyama, Keiki Shimizu, Kathleen Exconde, Leslie Lussier, Gösta Lotz, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Lars Maier, Esther Dreier, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Colin McCloskey, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Tarek B Elshazly, Josiah Smith, Konstanty S. Szuldrzynski, Piotr Bielański, Keith Wille, Ken Kuljit, S. Parhar, Kirsten M. Fiest, Cassidy Codan, Anmol Shahid, Mohamed Fayed, Timothy Evans, Rebekah Garcia, Ashley Gutierrez, Tae Song, Rebecca Rose, Suzanne Bennett, Denise Richardson, Giles Peek, Lovkesh Arora, Kristina Rappapport, Kristina Rudolph, Zita Sibenaller, Lori Stout, Alicia Walter, Daniel Herr, Nazli Vedadi, Shaun Thompson, Julie Hoffman, Xiaonan Ying, Ryan Kennedy, Muhammed Elhadi, Matthew Griffee, Anna Ciullo, Yuri Kida, Ricard Ferrer Roca, JordI Riera, Sofia Contreras, Cynthia Alegre, Christy Kay, Irene Fischer, Elizabeth Renner, Hayato Taniguci, John Fraser, Jacky Suen, Adrian Barnett, Nicole White, Kristen Gibbons, Simon Forsyth, Amanda Corley, India Pearse, Samuel Hinton, Gabriella Abbate, Halah Hassan, Silver Heinsar, Varun A Karnik, Katrina Ki, Hollier F. O’Neill, Nchafatso Obonyo, Leticia Pretti Pimenta, Janice D. Reid, Kei Sato, Aapeli Vuorinen, Karin S. Wildi, Emily S. Wilson, Stephanie Yerkovich, James Lee, Daniel Plotkin, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Laura Merson, Emma Hartley, Bastian Lubis, Takanari Ikeyama, Balu Bhaskar, Jae-Seung Jung, Shay McGuinness, Glenn Eastwood, Sandra Rossi Marta, Fabio Guarracino, Stacy Gerle, Emily Coxon, Bruno Claro, Daniel Loverde, Namrata Patil, Vieri Parrini, Angela McBride, Kathryn Negaard, Angela Ratsch, Ahmad Abdelaziz, Juan David Uribe, Adriano Peris, Mark Sanders, Dominic Emerson, Muhammad Kamal, Pedro Povoa, Roland Francis, Ali Cherif, Sunimol Joseph, Matteo Di Nardo, Micheal Heard, Kimberly Kyle, Ray A Blackwell, Patrick Biston, Hye Won Jeong, Reanna Smith, Yogi Prawira, Arturo Huerta Garcia, Nahikari Salterain, Bart Meyns, Marsha Moreno, Rajat Walia, Amit Mehta, Annette Schweda, Moh Supriatna, Cenk Kirakli, Melissa Williams, Kyung Hoon Kim, Alexandra Assad, Estefania Giraldo, Wojtek Karolak, Martin Balik, Elizabeth Pocock, Evan Gajkowski, Kanamoto Masafumi, Nicholas Barrett, Yoshihiro Takeyama, Sunghoon Park, Faizan Amin, Fina Meilyana Andriyani, Serhii Sudakevych, Magdalena Vera, Rodrigo Cornejo, Patrícia Schwarz, Ana Carolina Mardini, Thais de Paula, Ary Serpa Neto, Andrea Villoldo, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alejandro Ubeda Iglesias, Juan Granjean, Lívia Maria Garcia Melro, Giovana Fioravante Romualdo, Diego Gaia, Helmgton Souza, Filomena Galas, Rafael Máñez Mendiluce, Alejandra Sosa, Ignacio Martinez, Hiroshi Kurosawa, Juan Salgado, Beate Hugi-Mayr, Eric Charbonneau, Vitor Salvatore Barzilai, Veronica Monteiro, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Souza, Michael Harper, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Celina Adams, Jorge Brieva, George Nyale, Faisal Saleem Eltatar, Jihan Fatani, Husam Baeissa, Ayman AL Masri, Ahmed Rabie, Mok Yee Hui, Masahiro Yamane, Hanna Jung, Ayorinde Mojisola Margaret, Newell Nacpil, Katja Ruck, Rhonda Bakken, Claire Jara, Tim Felton, Lorenzo Berra, Bobby Shah, Arpan Chakraborty, Monika Cardona, Gerry Capatos, Bindu Akkanti, Abiodun Orija, Harsh Jain, Asami Ito, Brahim Housni, Sennen Low, Koji Iihara, Joselito Chavez, Kollengode Ramanathan, Gustavo Zabert, Krubin Naidoo, Ian Seppelt, Marlice VanDyk, Sarah MacDonald, Randy McGregor, Teka Siebenaler, Hannah Flynn, Kristi Lofton, Toshiyuki Aokage, Kazuaki Shigemitsu, Andrea Moscatelli, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Matthias Baumgaertel, Serge Eddy Mba, Jana Assy, Amelya Hutahaean, Holly Roush, Kay A Sichting, Francesco Alessandri, Debra Burns, Gavin Salt, Carl P. Garabedian, Jonathan Millar, Malcolm Sim, Adrian Mattke, Danny McAuley, Jawad Tadili, Tim Frenzel, Yaron Bar-Lavie, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Jackie Stone, Antony Attokaran, Michael Farquharson, Brij Patel, Derek Gunning, Kenneth Baillie, Pia Watson, Kenji Tamai, Gede Ketut Sajinadiyasa, Dyah Kanyawati, Marcello Salgado, Assad Sassine, Bhirowo Yudo, Scott McCaul, Bongjin Lee, Sang Min Lee, Arnon Afek, Yoshiaki Iwashita, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Jack Metiva, Nicole Van Belle, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Lenny Ivatt, Chia Yew Woon, Hyun Mi Kang, Timothy Smith, Erskine James, Nawar Al-Rawas, Yudai Iwasaki, Kenny Chan King-Chung, Vadim Gudzenko, Fabio Taccone, Fajar Perdhana, Yoan Lamarche, Joao Miguel Ribeiro, Nikola Bradic, Klaartje Van den Bossche, Oude Lansink, Gurmeet Singh, Gerdy Debeuckelaere, Henry T. Stelfox, Cassia Yi, Jennifer Elia, Thomas Tribble, Shyam Shankar, Raj Padmanabhan, Bill Hallinan, Luca Paoletti, Yolanda Leyva, Tatuma Fykuda, Jenelle Badulak, Jillian Koch, Amy Hackman, Lisa Janowaik, Deb Hernandez, Jennifer Osofsky, Katia Donadello, Aizah Lawang, Josh Fine, and Benjamin Davidson
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: OBJECTIVES:. Anemia has been associated with an increased risk of both cardiac arrest and stroke, frequent complications of COVID-19. The effect of hemoglobin level at ICU admission on a composite outcome of cardiac arrest or stroke in an international cohort of COVID-19 patients was investigated. DESIGN:. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database. SETTING:. A registry of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs at over 370 international sites was reviewed for patients diagnosed with cardiac arrest or stroke up to 30 days after ICU admission. Anemia was defined as: normal (hemoglobin ≥ 12.0 g/dL for women, ≥ 13.5 g/dL for men), mild (hemoglobin 10.0–11.9 g/dL for women, 10.0–13.4 g/dL for men), moderate (hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 and < 10.0 g/dL for women and men), and severe (hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL for women and men). PATIENTS:. Patients older than 18 years with acute COVID-19 infection in the ICU. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Of 6926 patients (median age = 59 yr, male = 65%), 760 patients (11.0%) experienced stroke (2.0%) and/or cardiac arrest (9.4%). Cardiac arrest or stroke was more common in patients with low hemoglobin, occurring in 12.8% of patients with normal hemoglobin, 13.3% of patients with mild anemia, and 16.7% of patients with moderate/severe anemia. Time to stroke or cardiac arrest by anemia status was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression with death as a competing risk. Covariates selected through clinical knowledge were age, sex, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and cardiac or neurologic conditions), pandemic era, country income, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Moderate/severe anemia was associated with a higher risk of cardiac arrest or stroke (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05–1.67). CONCLUSIONS:. In an international registry of ICU patients with COVID-19, moderate/severe anemia was associated with increased hazard of cardiac arrest or stroke.
Published: 2024
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2. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital with and without respiratory symptoms

Author: Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Christiana Kartsonaki, Elsa D. Ibáñez-Prada, Bronner P. Gonçalves, Joaquin Baruch, Martina Escher, Mark G. Pritchard, Jia Wei, Fred Philippy, Andrew Dagens, Matthew Hall, James Lee, Demetrios James Kutsogiannis, Evert-Jan Wils, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Prasan Kumar Panda, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Peter Horby, Jake Dunning, Jordi Rello, Laura Merson, Amanda Rojek, Michel Vaillant, Piero Olliaro, Luis Felipe Reyes, S.A. Moharam, Sabriya Abdalasalam, Alaa Abdalfattah Abdalhadi, Naana Reyam Abdalla, Walaa Abdalla, Almthani Hamza Abdalrheem, Ashraf Abdalsalam, Saedah Abdeewi, Esraa Hassan Abdelgaum, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Israa Abdelrahman, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Lamees Adil Abdulbaqi, Salaheddin Abdulhamid, Widyan Abdulhamid, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Eman Abdulwahed, Rawad Abdunabi, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Ahmed Mohammed Abodina, Amal Abrous, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Nashat Abu Salah, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Tareg Abdallah Abuzaid, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Safia Adem, Manuella Ademnou, Francisca Adewhajah, Diana Adrião, Anthony Afum-Adjei Awuah, Melvin Agbogbatey, Saleh Al Ageel, Aya Mustafa Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmed, Zainab Ahmed Alaraji, Abdulrahman Ahmed Elhefnawy Enan, Reham Abdelhamid Ahmed Khalil, Ali Mostafa Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Aisha, Bugila Aisha, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Chika Akwani, Eman Al Qasim, Ahmed Alajeeli, Ahmed Alali, Razi Alalqam, Aliya Mohammed Alameen, Mohammed Al-Aquily, Zinah A. Alaraji, Khalid Albakry, Safa Albatni, Angela Alberti, Osama Aldabbourosama, Tala Al-dabbous, Amer Aldhalia, Abdulkarim Aldoukali, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Asil Alflite, Huda Alfoudri, Qamrah Alhadad, Hoda Salem Alhaddad, Maali Khalid Mohamed Abdalla Alhasan, Ahmad Nabil Alhouri, Hasan Alhouri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed Ali, Syed Ali Abbas, Yomna Ali Abdelghafar, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Mahmoud Aljadi, Sarah Aljamal, Mohammed Alkahlout, Akram Alkaseek, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Lana Almasri, Abdulrahman Almjersah, Raja Ahmed Alqandouz, Walaa Alrfaea, Moayad Alrifaee, Rawan Alsaadi, Yousef Al-Saba'a, Entisar Alshareea, Eslam Alshenawy, Aneela Altaf, João Melo Alves, João Alves, Rita Alves, Joana Alves Cabrita, Maria Amaral, Amro Essam Amer, Nur Amira, Amos Amoako Adusei, John Amuasi, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Sophia Ankrah, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad Sheharyar Ashraf, Abir Ben Ashur, Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Grace Assi, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Fouda Atangana, Ahmed Atia, Minahel Atif, Asia Atif Abdelrhman Abdallahrs, Anika Atique, Moad Atlowly, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Abdelmalek Awad Ali Mohammed, Eyvind W. Axelsen, Ared Ayad, Ahmed Ayman Hassan Helmi, Laurène Azemar, Mohammed Azizeldin, Cecile Azoulay, Hakeem Babatunde, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, John Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Hibah Bileid Bakeer, Ashraf Bakri, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Irene Bandoh, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Joaquín Baruch, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, AbdAlkarim Batool, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Lamis Berdeweel, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Sandra Bichoka, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, Muhannud Binnawara, Zeno Bisoffi, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Mustapha Bittaye, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Ariel Bolanga, Isabela Bolaños, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonifasius, Joe Bonney, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Latsaniphone Bountthasavong, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, David Brewster, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Helen Brotherton, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Sonja Hjellegjerde Brunvoll, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Petra Bryda, Nina Buchtele, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Donald Buri, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Joana Cabrita, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Rui Caetano Garcês, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Janice Caoili, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Masaneh Ceesay, Shelby Cerkovnik, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Muge Cevik, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Charlotte Charpentier, Julie Chas, Muhammad Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Léo Chenard, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Danoy Chommanam, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Yock Ping Chow, Ting Soo Chow, Nathaniel Christy, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Jennifer Coles, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Juthaporn Cowan, Rachel Cregan, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, John Arne Dahl, Darren Dahly, Umberto D'Alessandro, Peter Daley, Zaina Dalloul, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Juliana Damas, Joycelyn Dame, Cammandji Damien, Nick Daneman, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Alexandre Delamou, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhangar, Alpha Diallo, Souleymane Taran Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Fernanda Dias Da Silva, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Bakary K. Dibba, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Cedric Djadda, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M. Dondorp, Christl A. Donnelly, Yoann Donohue, Sean Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, Yash Doshi, Phouvieng Douangdala, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Thomas Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Ibrahim Kwaku Duah, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Audrey Dubot-Pérès, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Ada Ebo, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Michael Edelstein, Siobhan Egan, Linn Margrete Eggesbø, Khadeja Ehzaz, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Marwan El Sayed, Mohammed Elabid, Mohamed Bashir Elagili, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Mohammad Elbahnasawy, Sohail Elboshra, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Merete Ellingjord-Dale, Hamida ELMagrahi, Mohammad Muatasm Elmubark, Loubna Elotmani, Lauren Eloundou, Philippine Eloy, Basma Elshaikhy, Tarek Elshazly, Wafa Elsokni, Aml Ahmed Eltayeb, Iqbal Elyazar, Zarief Kamel Emad, Hussein Embarek, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Gervais Eneli, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Haneen Esaadi, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Catarina Espírito Santo, Marina Esposito-Farese, Rachel Essaka, Lorinda Essuman, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Ismaila Fadera, Asgad Osman Abdalla Fadlalla, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Mohamed Fathi, Salem Fatima, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Jorge Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Bernardo Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Thomas Flament, Tom Fletcher, Aline-Marie Florence, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Karen Forrest, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Berline Fotso, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Craig French, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G. Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Abdou Gai, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Adham Mohamed Galal Mohamed Ramadan, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Malak Ghemmeid, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Tristan Gigante, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Brigitta Golács, Jonathan Golob, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Fassou Mathias Grovogui, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Ali Hachemi, Abdurrahman Haddud, Nadir Hadri, Wael Hafez, Fakhir Raza Haidri, Fatima Mhd Rida Hajij, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Shaher Hamdan, Abdelhafeez Hamdi, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L. Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Bato Hammarström, Naomi Hammond, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Matly Hanan, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Sulieman Hasan, Mohammad Ali Nabil Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Amoni Hassan, Ebtisam Hassanin, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ahmed Helmi, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Rodrigo Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Diana Hernandez, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhlin Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Ikram Houas, Mabrouka Houderi, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Aliae Mohamed Hussein, Mahmood Hussein, Fatima Ibrahim, Bashir Ibran, Samreen Ijaz, M. Arfan Ikram, Carlos Cañada Illana, Patrick Imbert, Muhammad Imran Ansari, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Mariachiara Ippolito, Vera Irawany, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Hamza Jaber, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Abubacarr Jagne, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth Noemí Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Armand Saloun Kamano, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Mohamed Karghul, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Kevin Katz, Christy Kay, Lamees Kayyali, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Shams Khail, Sarah Khaled, Imrana Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E. Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Muhammad Nasir Khoso, Amin Khuwaja, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R. Knight, Robin Kobbe, Paa Kobina Forson, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Franklina Korkor Abebrese, Volkan Korten, Stephanie Kouba, Mohamed Lamine Kourouma, Karifa Kourouma, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Ali Kredan, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Anneli Krund, Pei Xuan Kuan, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Ama Kwakyewaa Bedu-Addo, Sylvie Kwedi, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Nadhem Lafhej, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Youssef Latifeh, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Jennifer Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefèvre, Sylvie LeGac, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Tanel Lepik, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Andrew Letizia, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Miles Lunn, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Olavi Maasikas, Moïse Machado, Sara Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Mustafa Magzoub, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Oumou Maiga Ascofare, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Nimisha Abdul Majeed, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Veronika Maráczi, Ceila Maria Sant′Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Laura Marsh, Brian Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, F. Eduardo Martinez, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martín-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Fatma Masoud, Moise Massoma, Palmer Masumbe, Mohd Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Christina Mathew, Mathieu Mattei, Laurence Maulin, Juergen May, Javier Maynar, Mayfong Mayxay, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Naina McCann, Peter McCanny, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Nastia Medombou, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Ali Memon, João João Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Duha Milad Abdullah, Jennene Miller, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Nouralsabah Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Alaa Mohamed Ads, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed Abdelhalim, Libya Mohammed, Shrouk Fawze Mohammed Mostafa, Manahil Omer Abdelrahman Mohammedahmed, Omer Abdullah Mohammedelhassan, Asma Moin, Walaa Mokhtar, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Marwa Morgom, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Suleiman Haitham Mualla, Mohamed Muftah, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Mo'nes Muhaisen, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb Ali, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Patrick Murray, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Alamin Mustafa, Mus'ab Mustafa, Dana Mustafa, Himasha Muvindi, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Behzad Nadjm, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Blanka Nagybányai-Nagy, Herwin Nanda Boudoin, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Prashant Nasa, Rashid Nasim Khan, Ahmad Nasrallah, Adel Gerges Nassif Metri, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita Nekliudov, Matthew Nelder, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Nerissa Niba, Alistair D. Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Anita North, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Leonard Numfor, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Anders Benteson Nygaard, Fionnuala O. Brien, Annmarie O. Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Lawrence Ofori-Boadu, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Sally-Ann Ohene, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Cinderella Omar Rageh Elnaggar, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed Omer, Pierre Ondobo, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Mohamed Osama Elsayed Soliman, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Eman Othman, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Micheal Owusu, Ama Akyampomaa Owusu-Asare, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Sandra L. Peake, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Michele Petrovic, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Richard Odame Philips, Ooyanong Phonemixay, Soulichanya Phoutthavong, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Chiara Piubelli, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Viladeth Praphasiri, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Peter Puplampu, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Fadi Qutishat, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Abdelrahman Ragab, Mutia Rahardjani, Arslan Rahat Ullah, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, José Ramalho, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Muhammad Osama Rehman Khalid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Ana L. Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, Charles Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Anna Roca, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jr., Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Abdurraouf Said, Nadia Saidani, Pranya Sakiyalak, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Moamen Salah, Ali Alaa Salah Eldin Mohamed Abbas, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Mohammed Saleh Alyasiri, Talat Ahmed Abu Salem, Gabriele Sales, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Dana Samardali, Shaden Samardali, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly Orabi, Emely Sanchez, Olivier Sanchez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Săndulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, János Schnur, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Hamza Shahla, Laila Shalabi, Haitam Shames, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, John Robert Sheenan, Dr. Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Rohan Shetty, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Jeanne Sibiude, Bountoy Sibounheuang, Nidhal Siddig, Atif Siddiqui, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Fatoumata Sillah, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Mahendra Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Lene Bergendal Solberg, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Arne Søraas, Albert Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Mamadou Saliou Sow, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Geoff Strong, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Richa Su, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Atie Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Augustina Sylverken, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Sara Taleb, Cheikh Talla, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Yousef Tarek Kamal Mostafa, Ali Tarhabat, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Elmi Theron, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Niamh Thompson, Shaun Thompson, Emma C. Thomson, David Thomson, Mathew Thorpe, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S. Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Fiona Toal, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Marta Torre, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Aboubacar Tounkara, Michael Towers, Fodé Amara Traoré, Tony Trapani, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Alexis F. Turgeon, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Effua Usuf, Timothy M. Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Laura Walsh, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Hassi Wesam, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Sue Willems, Bailey Williams, Patricia J. Williams, Virginie Williams, Jessica Wittman, Calvin Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Lim Saio Xian, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Elizabeth Yarad, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Abdelrahman Yehia Mahmoud Abdelaal, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Touxiong Yiaye, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Gustavo E. Zabert, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, and David Zucman
Subjects: COVID-19, Non-respiratory symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Risk factors, Mortality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Background: COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory illness; however, many patients present to hospital without respiratory symptoms. The association between non-respiratory presentations of COVID-19 and outcomes remains unclear. We investigated risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with no respiratory symptoms (NRS) and respiratory symptoms (RS) at hospital admission. Methods: This study describes clinical features, physiological parameters, and outcomes of hospitalised COVID-19 patients, stratified by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms at hospital admission. RS patients had one or more of: cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose or wheezing; while NRS patients did not. Results: Of 178,640 patients in the study, 86.4 % presented with RS, while 13.6 % had NRS. NRS patients were older (median age: NRS: 74 vs RS: 65) and less likely to be admitted to the ICU (NRS: 36.7 % vs RS: 37.5 %). NRS patients had a higher crude in-hospital case-fatality ratio (NRS 41.1 % vs. RS 32.0 %), but a lower risk of death after adjusting for confounders (HR 0.88 [0.83–0.93]). Conclusion: Approximately one in seven COVID-19 patients presented at hospital admission without respiratory symptoms. These patients were older, had lower ICU admission rates, and had a lower risk of in-hospital mortality after adjusting for confounders.
Published: 2024
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3. Reduced survival in patients requiring chest tubes with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndromeCentral MessagePerspective

Author: Nicholas W. Rizer, MD, Benjamin Smood, MD, Blake Mergler, MD, Alexandra E. Sperry, MD, Christian A. Bermudez, MD, Jacob T. Gutsche, MD, and Asad A. Usman, MD, MPH
Subjects: critical care, mechanical ventilation, COVID-19, tube thoracostomy, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Background: Numerous complications requiring tube thoracostomy have been reported among critically ill patients with COVID-19; however, there has been a lack of evidence regarding outcomes following chest tube placement. Methods: We developed a retrospective observational cohort of all patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed COVID-19 to describe the incidence of tube thoracostomy and factors associated with mortality following chest tube placement. Results: In total, 1705 patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted to our ICUs from March 7, 2020, to March 1, 2021, with 69 out of 1705 patients (4.0%) receiving 130 chest tubes. Of these, 89 out of 130 (68%) chest tubes were indicated for pneumothorax. Patients receiving tube thoracostomy were much less likely to be alive 90 days post-ICU admission (52% vs 69%; P
Published: 2022
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4. Robotic cardiac surgery training during residency: Preparing residents for the inevitable future

Author: Eric E. Vinck, Benjamin Smood, Leila Barros, and Meindert Palmen
Subjects: Robotic cardiac surgery, Education, Residency training, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Unlike other surgical residency training programs including thoracic surgery, robotic cardiac surgery skill training is minimal or absent in residency curricula. A review was conducted to identify residents' exposure to robotic cardiac surgery training based on databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Published papers and cardiothoracic surgical societies with robotic cardiac surgery training courses were reviewed. Robotic cardiac surgery training for residents is almost non-existent. Strategies to establish proper robotic cardiac surgical training for residents include implementing simulation training, implementing hour requirements and establishing wet/dry lab model training in a progressive fashion. As robot-assisted cardiac surgery becomes increasingly commonplace, it will be imperative to provide training for residents with dedicated opportunities to develop their skills in robotic cardiac surgery.
Published: 2022
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5. Epinephrine’s effects on cerebrovascular and systemic hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Author: Constantine D. Mavroudis, Tiffany S. Ko, Ryan W. Morgan, Lindsay E. Volk, William P. Landis, Benjamin Smood, Rui Xiao, Marco Hefti, Timothy W. Boorady, Alexandra Marquez, Michael Karlsson, Daniel J. Licht, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Robert A. Berg, Robert M. Sutton, and Todd J. Kilbaugh
Subjects: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Cerebral blood flow, Cerebral blood flow and metabolism, Diffuse correlation spectroscopy, Diffuse optical spectroscopy, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: Abstract Background Despite controversies, epinephrine remains a mainstay of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Recent animal studies have suggested that epinephrine may decrease cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral oxygenation, possibly potentiating neurological injury during CPR. We investigated the cerebrovascular effects of intravenous epinephrine in a swine model of pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest. The primary objectives of this study were to determine if (1) epinephrine doses have a significant acute effect on CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation during CPR and (2) if the effect of each subsequent dose of epinephrine differs significantly from that of the first. Methods One-month-old piglets (n = 20) underwent asphyxia for 7 min, ventricular fibrillation, and CPR for 10–20 min. Epinephrine (20 mcg/kg) was administered at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min of CPR. Invasive (laser Doppler, brain tissue oxygen tension [PbtO2]) and noninvasive (diffuse correlation spectroscopy and diffuse optical spectroscopy) measurements of CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation were simultaneously recorded. Effects of subsequent epinephrine doses were compared to the first. Results With the first epinephrine dose during CPR, CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation increased by > 10%, as measured by each of the invasive and noninvasive measures (p
Published: 2020
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6. Assessment of 28-Day In-Hospital Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: An International Cohort Study

Author: Gianluigi Li Bassi, MD, PhD, Jacky Y. Suen, BSc, PhD, Nicole White, PhD, Heidi J. Dalton, MD, MCCM, Jonathon Fanning, BSc, MBBS, PhD, FANZCA, FCICM, Amanda Corley, RN, Sally Shrapnel, MBBS, BMedSc, MSc, PhD, FRACGP, Samuel Hinton, PhD, Simon Forsyth, PhD, Rex Parsons, BSc, MMedStats, John G. Laffey, MD, Eddy Fan, MD, PhD, Robert Bartlett, MD, Daniel Brodie, MD, Aidan Burrell, MD, PhD, Davide Chiumello, MD, Alyaa Elhazmi, MD, Giacomo Grasselli, MD, Carol Hodgson, PT, PhD, Shingo Ichiba, MD, Carlos Luna, MD, Eva Marwali, MD, Laura Merson, Bsc, Srinivas Murthy, MD, Alistair Nichol, MD, PhD, Mauro Panigada, MD, Paolo Pelosi, MD, FERS, Antoni Torres, MD, PhD, FERS, Pauline Yeung Ng, MD, Mark Ogino, MD, John F. Fraser, MBChB, PhD, FRCP(Glas), FFARCSI, FRCA, FCICM, on behalf of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium, Tala Al-Dabbous, Huda Alfoudri, Mohammed Shamsah, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Ashley Berg, Christina Horn, Stephan Schroll, Jorge Velazco, Ludmyla Ploskanych, Wanda Fikes, Dan Meyer, Ashley Ehlers, Maysoon Shalabi-McGuire, Trent Witt, Lorenzo Grazioli, Luca Lorini, E. Wilson Grandin, Jose Nunez, Tiago Reyes, Diarmuid O’Briain, Stephanie Hunter, Mahesh Ramanan, Julia Affleck, Hemanth Hurkadli Veerendra, Sumeet Rai, Josie Russell-Brown, Mary Nourse, Mark Joseph, Brook Mitchell, Martha Tenzer, Carilion Clinic, Ryuzo Abe, Hwa Jin Cho, In Seok Jeong, Nicolas Brozzi, Omar Mehkri, Sudhir Krishnan, Abhijit Duggal, Stuart Houltham, Jerónimo Graf, Roderigo Diaz, Camila Delgado, Joyce González, Maria Soledad Sanchez, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincón, Angela Maria Marulanda Yanten, Melissa Bustamante Duque, Daniel Brodie, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Maria Callahan, M. Azhari Taufik, Elizabeth Yasmin Wardoyo, Margaretha Gunawan, Nurindah S Trisnaningrum, Vera Irawany, Muhammad Rayhan, Mauro Panigada, Antonia Pesenti, Alberto Zanella, Michela Leone, Giacomo Grasselli, Silvia Coppola, Sebastiano Colombo, Massimo Antonelli, Simone Carelli, Domenico L. Grieco, Motohiro Asaki, Kota Hoshino, Leonardo Salazar, Laura Duarte, John Laffey, Bairbre McNicholas, David Cosgrave, Joseph McCaffrey, Allison Bone, Yusuff Hakeem, James Winearls, Mandy Tallott, David Thomson, Christel Arnold-Day, Jerome Cupido, Zainap Fanie, Malcom Miller, Lisa Seymore, Dawid van Straaten, Ali Ait Hssain, Jeffrey Aliudin, Al-Reem Alqahtani, Khoulod Mohamed, Ahmed Mohamed, Darwin Tan, Joy Villanueva, Ahmed Zaqout, Ethan Kurtzman, Arben Ademi, Ana Dobrita, Khadija El Aoudi, Juliet Segura, Gezy Giwangkancana, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Koji Hoshino, Saito Hitoshi, Javier Osatnik, Anne Joosten, Antoni Torres, Minlan Yang, Ana Motos, Carlos Luna, Francisco Arancibia, Virginie Williams, Alexandre Noel, Nestor Luque, Trieu Huynh Trung, Sophie Yacoub, Marina Fantini, Ruth Noemi Jorge García, Enrique Chicote Alvarez, Anna Greti, Adrian Ceccato, Angel Sanchez, Ana Loza Vazquez, Ferran Roche-Campo, Diego Franch-Llasat, Divina Tuazon, Marcelo Amato, Luciana Cassimiro, Flavio Pola, Francis Ribeiro, Guilherme Fonseca, Heidi Dalton, Mehul Desai, Erik Osborn, Hala Deeb, Antonio Arcadipane, Gennaro Martucci, Giovanna Panarello, Chiara Vitiello, Claudia Bianco, Giovanna Occhipinti, Matteo Rossetti, Raffaele Cuffaro, Sung-Min Cho Johns, Hiroaki Shimizu, Naoki Moriyama, Jae-Burm Kim, Nobuya Kitamura, Alyaa Elhazmi, Abdullah Al-Hudaib, Johannes Gebauer, Toshiki Yokoyama, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Sarah Buabbas, Esam Alamad, Fatma Alawadhi, Kalthoum Alawadi, Hiro Tanaka, Satoru Hashimoto, Masaki Yamazaki, Tak-Hyuck Oh, Mark Epler, Cathleen Forney, Louise Kruse, Jared Feister, Joelle Williamson, Katherine Grobengieser, Eric Gnall, Sasha Golden, Mara Caroline, Timothy Shapiro, Colleen Karaj, Lisa Thome, Lynn Sher, Mark Vanderland, Mary Welch, Sherry McDermott, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Dai Kimura, Luca Brazzi, Gabriele Sales, Tawnya Ogston, Dave Nagpal, Karlee Fischer, Roberto Lorusso, Mariano Esperatti, Edmund G. Carton, Ayan Sen, Amanda Palacios, Deborah Rainey, Gordan Samoukoviv, Josie Campisi, Emily Neumann, Cassandra Seefeldt, Lucia Durham, Octavio Falcucci, Amanda Emmrich, Jennifer Guy, Carling Johns, Nina Buchtele, Michael Schwameis, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Delila Singh, Michaela Barnikel, Lukas Arenz, Akram Zaaqoq, Lan Anh Galloway, Caitlin Merley, Marc Csete, Luisa Quesada, Isabela Saba, Daisuke Kasugai, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Taku Tanaka, Eva Marwali, Yoel Purnama, Santi Rahayu Dewayanti, Ardiyan, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Debby Siagian, Kita Jakarta, Yih-Sharng Chen, Mark Ogino, Indrek Ratsep, Getter Oigus, Kristo Erikson, Andra-Maris Post, Lauri Enneveer, Piret Sillaots, Frank Manetta, Effe Mihelis, Iam Claire Sarmiento, Mangala Narasimhan, Michael Varrone, Mamoru Komats, S. Veena Satyapriya, Amar Bhatt, Nahush A. Mokadam, Alberto Uribe, Alicia Gonzalez, Haixia Shi, Johnny McKeown, Joshua Pasek, Juan Fiorda, Marco Echeverria, Rita Moreno, Bishoy Zakhary, Marco Cavana, Alberto Cucino, Giuseppe Foti, Marco Giani, Vincenzo Russotto, Davide Chiumello, Valentina Castagna, Andrea Dell’Amore, Paolo Navalesi, Hoi-Ping Shum, Alain Vuysteke, Asad Usman, Andrew Acker, Benjamin Smood, Blake Mergler, Federico Sertic, Madhu Subramanian, Alexandra Sperry, Nicolas Rizer, Erlina Burhan, Menaldi Rasmin, Ernita Akmal, Faya Sitompul, Navy Lolong, Bhat Naivedh, Simon Erickson, Peter Barrett, David Dean, Julia Daugherty, Antonio Loforte, Irfan Khan, Mohammed Abraar Quraishi, Olivia DeSantis, Dominic So, Darshana Kandamby, Jose M. Mandei, Hans Natanael, Eka YudhaLantang, Anastasia Lantang, Surya Oto Wijaya, Anna Jung, George Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Pauline Yeung Ng, Alexis Tabah, Megan Ratcliffe, Maree Duroux, Shingo Adachi, Shota Nakao, Pablo Blanco, Ana Prieto, Jesús Sánchez, Meghan Nicholson, Warwick Butt, Alyssa Serratore, Carmel Delzoppo, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Richard Totaro, Jennifer Coles, Bambang Pujo, Robert Balk, Andy Vissing, Esha Kapania, James Hays, Samuel Fox, Garrett Yantosh, Pavel Mishin, Saptadi Yuliarto, Kohar Hari Santoso, Susanthy Djajalaksana, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Masahiro Fukuda, Keibun Liu, Paolo Pelosi, Denise Battaglini, Diego Bastos, Sérgio Gaião, Jessica Buchner, Young-Jae Cho, Su Hwan Lee, Pranya Sakiyalak, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Tamara Seitz, Rakesh Arora, David Kent, Swapnil Parwar, Andrew Cheng, Jennene Miller, Shigeki Fujitani, Naoki Shimizu, Jai Madhok, Clark Owyang, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, Olavi Maasikas, Aleksan Beljantsev, Vladislav Mihnovits, Takako Akimoto, Mariko Aizawa, Kanako Horibe, Ryota Onodera, Carol Hodgson, Aidan Burrell, Meredith Young, Kiran Shekar, Niki McGuinness, Lacey Irvine, Brigid Flynn, Kazuhiro Sugiyama, Keiki Shimizu, Eddy Fan, Kathleen Exconde, Shingo Ichiba, Leslie Lussier, Gösta Lotz, Lars Maier, Esther Dreier, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Colin McCloskey, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Tarek B Elshazly, Josiah Smith, Konstanty S. Szuldrzynski, Piotr Bielański, Keith Wille, Srinivas Murthy, Ken Kuljit S. Parhar, Kirsten M. Fiest, Cassidy Codan, Anmol Shahid, Mohamed Fayed, Timothy Evans, Rebekah Garcia, Ashley Gutierrez, Tae Song, Rebecca Rose, Suzanne Bennett, Denise Richardson, Lovkesh Arora, Kristina Rappapport, Kristina Rudolph, Zita Sibenaller, Lori Stout, Alicia Walter, Daniel Herr, Nazli Vedadi, Robert Bartlett, Antonio Pesenti, Shaun Thompson, Lace Sindt, Sean Rajnic, Cale Ewald, Julie Hoffman, Matthew Griffee, Anna Ciullo, Yuri Kida, Ricard Ferrer Roca, JordI Riera, Sofia Contreras, Cynthia Alegre, Christy Kay, Irene Fischer, Elizabeth Renner, Hayato Taniguci, John Fraser, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Jacky Suen, Adrian Barnett, Nicole White, Kristen Gibbons, Simon Forsyth, Amanda Corley, India Pearse, Samuel Hinton, Gabriella Abbate, Halah Hassan, Silver Heinsar, Varun A Karnik, Katrina Ki, Hollier F. O’Neill, Nchafatso Obonyo, Janice D. Reid, Kei Sato, Aapeli Vuorinen, Karin S. Wildi, Emily S. Wood, Stephanie Yerkovich, James Lee, Daniel Plotkin, Laura Merson, Emma Hartley, Bastian Lubis, Takanari Ikeyama, Balu Bhaskar, Jae-Seung Jung, Shay McGuinness, Glenn Eastwood, Sandra Rossi Marta, Fabio Guarracino, Stacy Gerle, Emily Coxon, Bruno Claro, Gonzo Gonzalez-Stawinski, Daniel Loverde, Namrata Patil, Vieri Parrini, Angela McBride, Kathryn Negaard, Angela Ratsch, Ahmad Abdelaziz, Juan David Uribe, Adriano Peris, Mark Sanders, Dominic Emerson, Muhammad Kamal, Pedro Povoa, Roland Francis, Ali Cherif, Sunimol Joseph, Matteo Di Nardo, Micheal Heard, Kimberly Kyle, Ray A Blackwell, Michael Piagnerelli, Patrick Biston, Hye Won Jeong, Reanna Smith, Yogi Prawira, Giorgia Montrucchio, Nadeem Rahman, Vivek Kakar, Josefa Valenzuela Sarrazin, Arturo Huerta Garcia, Nahikari Salterain, Bart Meyns, Marsha Moreno, Rajat Walia, Amit Mehta, Annette Schweda, Moh Supriatna, Bhirowo Yudo, Cenk Kirakli, Melissa Williams, Kyung Hoon Kim, Alexandra Assad, Estefania Giraldo, Wojtek Karolak, Martin Balik, Elizabeth Pocock, Evan Gajkowski, Kanamoto Masafumi, Nicholas Barrett, Yoshihiro Takeyama, Sunghoon Park, Faizan Amin, Fina Meilyana Andriyani, Serhii Sudakevych, Magdalena Vera, Rodrigo Cornejo, Patrícia Schwarz, Ana Carolina Mardini, Ary Serpa Neto, Andrea Villoldo, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alejandro Ubeda, Juan Granjean, Lívia Maria Garcia Melro, Giovana Fioravante Romualdo, Diego Gaia, Helmgton Souza, Filomena Galas, Rafael Máñez Mendiluce, Alejandra Sosa, Ignacio Martinez, Hiroshi Kurosawa, Juan Salgado, Beate Hugi-Mayr, Eric Charbonneau, Vitor Salvatore Barzilai, Veronica Monteiro, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Souza, Michael Harper, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Celina Adams, Jorge Brieva, George Nyale, Faisal Saleem Eltatar, Jihan Fatani, Husam Baeissa, Ayman AL Masri, Ahmed Rabie, Mok Yee Hui, Masahiro Yamane, Hanna Jung, Ayorinde Mojisola, Margaret, Newell Nacpil, Katja Ruck, Rhonda Bakken, Claire Jara, Tim Felton, Lorenzo Berra, Bobby Shah, Arpan Chakraborty, Monika Cardona, Gerry Capatos, Bindu Akkanti, Abiodun Orija, Harsh Jain, Asami Ito, Brahim Housni, Sennen Low, Koji Iihara, Joselito Chavez, Kollengode Ramanathan, Gustavo Zabert, Krubin Naidoo, Ian Seppelt, Marlice VanDyk, Sarah MacDonald, Randy McGregor, Teka Siebenaler, Hannah Flynn, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Catherine Harmon, Kristi Lofton, Toshiyuki Aokage, Kazuaki Shigemitsu, Andrea Moscatelli, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Matthias Baumgaertel, Serge Eddy Mba, Jana Assy, Amelya Hutahaean, Holly Roush, Kay A Sichting, Francesco Alessandri, Debra Burns, Gavin Salt, Carl P. Garabedian, Jonathan Millar, Malcolm Sim, Adrian Mattke, Danny McAuley, Jawad Tadili, Tim Frenzel, Yaron Bar-Lavie, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Jackie Stone, Antony Attokaran, Michael Farquharson, Brij Patel, Derek Gunning, Kenneth Baillie, Pia Watson, Kenji Tamai, Gede Ketut Sajinadiyasa, Dyah Kanyawati, Marcello Salgado, Assad Sassine, Scott McCaul, Bongjin Lee, Sang Min Lee, Arnon Afek, Yoshiaki Iwashita, Laveena Munshi, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Neurinda Permata, Kusumastuti, Jack Metiva, Nicole Van Belle, Daniel Marino, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Lenny Ivatt, Chia Yew Woon, Hyun Mi Kang, Timothy Smith, Erskine James, Nawar Al-Rawas, Tomoyuki Endo, Yudai Iwasaki, Kenny Chan King-Chung, Vadim Gudzenko, Fabio Taccone, Fajar Perdhana, Yoan Lamarche, Joao Miguel Ribeiro, Nikola Bradic, Klaartje Van den Bossche, Oude Lansink, Gurmeet Singh, Gerdy Debeuckelaere, Henry T. Stelfox, Cassia Yi, Jennifer Elia, Shu Fang, Thomas Tribble, Shyam Shankar, Raj Padmanabhan, Bill Hallinan, Luca Paoletti, Yolanda Leyva, Tatuma Fykuda, Jenelle Badulak, Jillian Koch, Amy Hackman, Lisa Janowaik, Deb Hernandez, Jennifer Osofsky, Katia Donadello, Aizah Lawang, Josh Fine, Benjamin Davidson, and Andres Oswaldo Razo Vazquez
Subjects: Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract: IMPORTANCE:. Factors associated with mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation are still not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES:. To identify patient-level parameters, readily available at the bedside, associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality within 28 days from commencement of invasive mechanical ventilation or coronavirus disease 2019. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:. Prospective observational cohort study by the global Coronavirus Disease 2019 Critical Care Consortium. Patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation from February 2, 2020, to May 15, 2021. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:. Patient characteristics and clinical data were assessed upon ICU admission, the commencement of invasive mechanical ventilation and for 28 days thereafter. We primarily aimed to identify time-independent and time-dependent risk factors for 28-day invasive mechanical ventilation mortality. RESULTS:. One-thousand five-hundred eighty-seven patients were included in the survival analysis; 588 patients died in hospital within 28 days of commencing invasive mechanical ventilation (37%). Cox-regression analysis identified associations between the hazard of 28-day invasive mechanical ventilation mortality with age (hazard ratio, 1.26 per 10-yr increase in age; 95% CI, 1.16–1.37; p < 0.001), positive end-expiratory pressure upon commencement of invasive mechanical ventilation (hazard ratio, 0.81 per 5 cm H2O increase; 95% CI, 0.67–0.97; p = 0.02). Time-dependent parameters associated with 28-day invasive mechanical ventilation mortality were serum creatinine (hazard ratio, 1.28 per doubling; 95% CI, 1.15–1.41; p < 0.001), lactate (hazard ratio, 1.22 per doubling; 95% CI, 1.11–1.34; p < 0.001), Paco2 (hazard ratio, 1.63 per doubling; 95% CI, 1.19–2.25; p < 0.001), pH (hazard ratio, 0.89 per 0.1 increase; 95% CI, 0.8–14; p = 0.041), Pao2/Fio2 (hazard ratio, 0.58 per doubling; 95% CI, 0.52–0.66; p < 0.001), and mean arterial pressure (hazard ratio, 0.92 per 10 mm Hg increase; 95% CI, 0.88–0.97; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:. This international study suggests that in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 on invasive mechanical ventilation, older age and clinically relevant variables monitored at baseline or sequentially during the course of invasive mechanical ventilation are associated with 28-day invasive mechanical ventilation mortality hazard. Further investigation is warranted to validate any causative roles these parameters might play in influencing clinical outcomes.
Published: 2021
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7. Mesh Migration into the J-Pouch in a Patient with Post-Ulcerative Colitis Colectomy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author: Asem Ghanim, Benjamin Smood, Joseph Martinez, Melanie S. Morris, and John R. Porterfield
Subjects: Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Mesh repair offers advantages like lower postsurgical pain and earlier return to work. Thus, it has become a widely used treatment option. Here, we present the first case report of a mesh migration into a J-pouch in a patient with history of ulcerative colitis who underwent total abdominal colectomy with J-pouch and ileoanal anastomosis and a subsequent laparoscopic ventral hernia repair with mesh.
Published: 2017
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8. Mitral and aortic valve surgery during left ventricular assist device implantation

Author: Pavan Atluri, Jason J. Han, Benjamin Smood, and Mark R. Helmers
Subjects: Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Aortic valve, Mitral regurgitation, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitral Valve Annuloplasty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Aortic Valve Insufficiency, Mitral Valve Insufficiency, Treatment Outcome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Aortic Valve, Ventricular assist device, Mitral valve, Internal medicine, Aortic valve surgery, medicine, Cardiology, Humans, Surgery, Heart-Assist Devices, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2022
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9. Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Author: Kartsonaki, Christiana, Baillie, J Kenneth, Barrio, Noelia García, Baruch, Joaquín, Beane, Abigail, Blumberg, Lucille, Bozza, Fernando, Broadley, Tessa, Burrell, Aidan, Carson, Gail, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Dagens, Andrew, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Donnelly, Christl A, Dunning, Jake, Elotmani, Loubna, Escher, Martina, Farshait, Nataly, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Hall, Matthew, Hashmi, Madiha, Sim Lim Heng, Benedict, Ho, Antonia, Jassat, Waasila, Pedrera Jiménez, Miguel, Laouenan, Cedric, Lissauer, Samantha, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Mentré, France, Merson, Laura, Morton, Ben, Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Adam Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, Rita Alves, João Melo Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andréjak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Angel Asensio, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Jonathan Bitton, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Patrick Breen, Dorothy Breen, Kathy Brickell, Shaunagh Browne, Alex Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Danilo Buonsenso, Erlina Burhan, Ingrid G Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Camões, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Sofia Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Filipa Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Allegra Chatterjee, Mobin Chaudry, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Emma Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Cosimo Cristella, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Menno de Jong, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Maria Donnelly, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Chloe Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Marc Fabre, Isabelle Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Sílvia Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Benigno Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, John F Fraser, Christophe Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Christopher A Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Amy Hackmann, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhilin Higgins, Dawn Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Stella Huo, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Aftab Imtiaz, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Victoria Janes, Pierre Jaquet, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Hanna Jung, Anna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Paul Kambiya, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Claire Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Andrea Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Saye Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Denisa Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Teresa Lawrence, Cassie Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Todd C Lee, James Lee, Jennifer Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Biing Horng Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Gary Leeming, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Wei Shen Lim, Kah Chuan Lim, Chantre Lima, Lim Lina, Bruno Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Jose W Lopez-Revilla, Anthony L Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Daniel Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, João Martins, Ana Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Natalie Mc Evoy, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Anne McCarthy, Aine McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, Alexander J Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Shona C Moore, Sarah Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Mario Palacios, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Mical Paul, Christelle Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Riinu Pius, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Mutia Rahardjani, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D Russell, Maria Ryan, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Brendan Scicluna, Janet T Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Catherine A Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Ashraf Sheharyar, Rohan Shetty, Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Rogério Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Punam Singh, Budha Charan Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Agnès Sommet, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Marta Sousa, Ana Chora Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B P Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, David Stuart, Ami Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y Suen, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Taku Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, Emma C Thomson, David Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Margarida Torres, Antoni Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Théo Treoux, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, 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Munblit, Daniel, Nekliudov, Nikita A, Nichol, Alistair D, Singh Oinam, Budha Charan, Ong, David, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Petrovic, Michele, Pritchard, Mark G, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Roger, Claire, Sandulescu, Oana, Semple, Malcolm G, Sharma, Pratima, Sigfrid, Louise, Somers, Emily C, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Taccone, Fabio, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Bharath, Wei, Jia, Wils, Evert-Jan, Ci Wong, Xin, Horby, Peter, Rojek, Amanda, Olliaro, Piero L, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman 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Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, 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Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Anna Ciullo, Jennifer Clarke, Emma Clarke, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, Perren J Cobb, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Cosimo Cristella, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Ailbhe Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D'Aragon, Menno de Jong, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Cristina De Rose, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallées, Santi Dewayanti, Pathik Dhanger, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Juan Jose Diaz, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Maria Donnelly, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Chloe Donohue, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Marc Fabre, Isabelle Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Komal Fareed, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Andreia Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Sílvia Ferreira, Isabel Ferreira, Benigno Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, William Finlayson, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A Fowler, Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, John F Fraser, Christophe Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, G Argin, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, Praveen Kumar Ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Christopher A Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Amy Hackmann, Nadir Hadri, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Sophie Halpin, Jawad Hameed, Ansley Hamer, Raph L Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Junaid Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez-Trujillo, Maxime Hentzien, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Eibhilin Higgins, Dawn Higgins, Rupert Higgins, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Haider Hirkani, Hikombo Hitoto, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Stella Huo, Abby Hurd, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Aftab Imtiaz, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Victoria Janes, Pierre Jaquet, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Hanna Jung, Anna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Paul Kambiya, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Claire Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Andrea Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Saye Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Denisa Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Vinothini Krishnan, Sudhir Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Sakshi Lath, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Teresa Lawrence, Cassie Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Todd C Lee, James Lee, Jennifer Lee, Heng Gee Lee, Biing Horng Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Gary Leeming, Laurent Lefebvre, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Wei Shen Lim, Kah Chuan Lim, Chantre Lima, Lim Lina, Bruno Lina, Andreas Lind, Maja Katherine Lingad, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Jose W Lopez-Revilla, Anthony L Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant Ana Malaque, Flávio Marino, Daniel Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, João Martins, Ana Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, David Maslove, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Natalie Mc Evoy, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Colin McArthur, Colin McArthur, Anne McCarthy, Aine McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, Alexander J Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, António Mesquita, Roberta Meta, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Shona C Moore, Sarah Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Müller, Karl Erik Müller, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Aisling Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Himasha Muvindi, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Farah Nadia Mohd-Hanafiah, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Pauline Yeung Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Dwi Utomo Nusantara, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O Callaghan, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Eric Oziol, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Mario Palacios, Amanda Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Drashti Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Mical Paul, Christelle Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Giles J Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Ayodhia Pitaloka, Riinu Pius, Laurent Plantier, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Diego Bastos Porto, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Mutia Rahardjani, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Pratheema Ramachandran, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, Antonia Ricchiuto, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Bernhard Roessler, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Nurul Hidayah Mohammad Roslan, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D Russell, Maria Ryan, Maeve Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Ankana Satya, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Brendan Scicluna, Janet T Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Catherine A Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Ashraf Sheharyar, Rohan Shetty, Rajesh Mohan Shetty, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Sally Shrapnel, Pramesh Sundar Shrestha, Shubha Kalyan Shrestha, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Rogério Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Wai Ching Sin, Dario Sinatti, Punam Singh, Budha Charan Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Agnès Sommet, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Marta Sousa, Ana Chora Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B P Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, David Stuart, Ami Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y Suen, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Renaud Tamisier, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Taku Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Anand Thakur, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, Emma C Thomson, David Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Ryan S Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Margarida Torres, Antoni Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Théo Treoux, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C W Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, P G Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Timothy M Uyeki, Cristinava Vajdovics, Piero Valentini, Luís Val-Flores, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld Van der Feltz, Job van der Palen, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Carolien van Netten, Frank van Someren Greve, Ilonka van Veen, Hugo Van Willigen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, James Vickers, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Gayatri Vishwanathan, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steve Webb, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Calvin Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Natalie Wright, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, University of Oxford, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), This work was made possible by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Wellcome (215091/Z/18/Z, 205228/Z/16/Z, 220757/Z/20/Z), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1209135), UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship (MR/V001671/1), the philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund, CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity (OV2170359) and the co-ordination in Canada by Sunnybrook Research Institute, endorsement of the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Group, co-ordination in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care—Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funding by the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN-2014–12), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) (H2020 project 101003589) and European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) (965313), the COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India, the COVID-19 Clinical Management team, Manipal Hospital Whitefield, Bengaluru, India, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team, support by the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies co-ordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town, the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and the University of Oxford, the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team, the Research Council of Norway (grant no. 312780) and a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, Imperial NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the Comprehensive Local Research Networks of which PJMO is an NIHR Senior Investigator (NIHR201385), Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007– 2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution, the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funded by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n 20–0424), Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna (project no. APCOV22BGM), Italian Ministry of Health ‘Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6’ to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria, Australian Department of Health grant (3273191), Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland, Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland, the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009), the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia, grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain, Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (scholarship no. 303953/2018–7), the Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA, a grant from foundation Bevordering Onderzoek Franciscus, the South Eastern Norway Health Authority and the Research Council of Norway, and preparedness work conducted by the Short PeRiod IncideNce sTudy of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection. Data and Material provision was supported by grants from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (MRC, and grant MC_PC_19059) and by the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with PHE (award no. 200907), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award no. 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant no. C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award no. IS-BRC-1215–20013) and NIHR Clinical Research Network providing infrastructure support.
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, MESH: Hospitalization, MESH: Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, MESH: Child, cohort study, MESH: COVID-19, Humans, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, Child, Proportional Hazards Models, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, risk of death, General Medicine, Middle Aged, co-morbidities, symptoms, treatments, MESH: Male, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, MESH: Intensive Care Units, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19/therapy
Abstract: Background We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.
Published: 2023
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10. American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Intern Scholarship—Over a decade of experience

Author: Shuyin Liang, Benjamin Smood, James I. Fann, Arman Kilic, and Patrick G. Chan
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Students, Medical, Adolescent, education, Young Adult, Surgical subspecialty, Surveys and Questionnaires, Internship, medicine, Humans, Fellowships and Scholarships, Societies, Medical, Career Choice, Cardiothoracic surgeons, business.industry, Thoracic Surgery, Research opportunities, United States, humanities, Scholarship, Cardiothoracic surgery, Family medicine, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Objective The study objective was to evaluate the experience of previous American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Intern Scholarship recipients. Methods A database of recipients of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Intern Scholarship in Cardiothoracic Surgery provided by the American Association for Thoracic Surgery was analyzed. A questionnaire was sent via email to recipients with 10 questions within the survey to assess the types of exposure during the internship, the impact of the internship on career choices, the current career setting, and any additional thoughts regarding the internship. Results Between 2007 and 2017, there were 356 awardees of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Intern Scholarship. These awardees were from 41 different medical schools and went to 39 different sponsoring institutions. Ultimately, 55 (15.5%) medical students chose a career in cardiothoracic surgery, with 153 (43.0%) awardees deciding to pursue a surgical subspecialty. Of those who received our survey, 75 awardees responded (29.2%). A majority of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Interns were exposed to the sponsoring surgeon (98.7%, n = 74) and operating room (88.0%, n = 66) on at least a weekly basis during the 8-week internship. All of the respondents participated in basic science or clinical research at their sponsoring institution. Some 92.0% (n = 69) of the awardees highly recommended this scholarship to medical students interested in cardiothoracic surgery. Conclusions The awardees of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery Summer Intern Scholarship come from a variety of medical schools and visited a diverse group of sponsoring institutions. The 8-week program provides valuable early exposure for medical students to cardiothoracic surgeons, the operating room, and research opportunities. This experience was highly recommended by prior recipients to medical students interested in cardiothoracic surgery.
Published: 2022
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11. Characteristics and Attitudes of Aspiring Cardiothoracic Surgeons: A Survey Study

Author: Marisa Cevasco, William L. Patrick, Wilson Y. Szeto, Jason J. Han, Amrita Sukhavasi, Benjamin Smood, Matthew L. Williams, Jarvis C. Mays, John J. Kelly, Mark R. Helmers, and Amit Iyengar
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Descriptive statistics, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, education, MEDLINE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Outreach, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Mentorship, 030228 respiratory system, Cardiothoracic surgery, Family medicine, Underrepresented Minority, medicine, Surgery, Social media, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Diversity (politics), media_common
Abstract: Background Although recruiting highly qualified, diverse applicants into cardiothoracic surgery remains a national priority, their characteristics remain unknown. This study aims to describe current and future applicants in cardiothoracic surgery. Methods Aspiring cardiothoracic surgeons (students interested in matriculating in a North American training program) were voluntarily enrolled in the study through Twitter and email outreach. A 33-question survey evaluated their backgrounds, research experiences, attitudes, and interests within cardiothoracic surgery. Standard descriptive statistics were used. Results There were 111 participants, 40 of whom were female (36.0%) and 27 of whom identified as an underrepresented minority (24.3%). Of the total, 63 belonged to an institution with a cardiothoracic surgery training program (56.8%). A total of 91 students envisioned having a mostly operative career (82.0%) and 75 envisioned pursuing educational roles (67.6%). The most popular surgical specialties were heart transplantation (50.5%) and aortic surgery (47.8%). Participants selected having a high-intensity operative environment (81.2%) and an innovative academic environment (58.8%) as the most attractive qualities. Perceived lack of work–life balance (46%) and toxic training or work environment (28%) were the greatest deterrents. Finances during the application process were perceived as a potential barrier by 41 students (36.9%). Approximately 75% of students (83 of 111) had faculty as mentors; 46.8% (56 of 111) thought that cardiothoracic surgery faculty were approachable but had limited time for mentorship. Conclusions This survey study characterized a nationally selected pool of aspiring cardiothoracic surgeons using social media. Future studies involving larger and more diverse cohorts are warranted to find areas for improvement in recruitment, retention, and diversity.
Published: 2021
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12. Do-it-yourself simulators and building a culture of practice in the virtual era

Author: Amit Iyengar, Benjamin Smood, Jarvis C. Mays, William L. Patrick, Mark R. Helmers, John J. Kelly, Jason J. Han, and Marisa Cevasco
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, World Wide Web, Engineering, Adult: Education: Young Surgeon's Note, business.industry, Surgery, business
Published: 2021

13. Prophylactic Peritoneal Dialysis After the Arterial Switch Operation: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author: Benjamin Smood, Brandon Michael Henry, Kristal M. Hock, Zachary A. Mosher, Jeffrey A. Alten, Tennille N. Webb, Katja M. Gist, A K M Fazlur Rahman, Santiago Borasino, and John S. Kim
Subjects: Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Peritoneal dialysis, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, law, medicine, Humans, Dialysis, Retrospective Studies, Mechanical ventilation, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Acute kidney injury, Retrospective cohort study, Length of Stay, Water-Electrolyte Balance, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Arterial Switch Operation, Intensive Care Units, 030228 respiratory system, Creatinine, Anesthesia, Coronary care unit, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Peritoneal Dialysis
Abstract: Fluid overload contributes to poor outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery. The optimal strategy to mitigate fluid overload related morbidity is unknown. The utility of prophylactic peritoneal dialysis remains controversial. We aimed to assess the impact of prophylactic peritoneal dialysis on outcomes and hypothesized that prophylactic dialysis would be associated with less fluid overload and improved outcomes in neonates undergoing the arterial switch operation.A single-center retrospective analysis of 41 consecutive neonates between June 2010 and March 2016 undergoing the arterial switch operation was performed. Fluid balance and other outcomes were compared between those who received peritoneal dialysis (n = 25) and those who did not (n = 16).Demographics were similar between groups, except cardiopulmonary bypass duration, which was significantly longer in the dialysis group (125 ± 20 minutes) compared with the no dialysis group (109 ± 15 minutes; P = .01). Median time to dialysis initiation was 9.1 hours (interquartile range, 7 to 9.8) and median time to termination from cardiac intensive care unit admission was 58.7 hours (interquartile range, 44 to 76.1). Cumulative fluid balance in the dialysis group was significantly more negative compared with the no dialysis group across all 7 postoperative days. In the multivariable analysis, use of dialysis was associated with a 42% reduction in hours of mechanical ventilation (relative risk 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.4 to 0.85; P.01) and a 34% reduction in intensive care unit length of stay (relative risk 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.94; P = .02). Utilization of dialysis was associated with lower hospital costs (P.01).Prophylactic peritoneal dialysis after the arterial switch operation is associated with improved postoperative outcomes without increased hospital costs (Graphical Abstract).
Published: 2021
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14. Integrated cardiothoracic surgery: Developing a successful residency application

Author: Stephanie Nguyen, Benjamin Smood, John J. Kelly, and Jason J. Han
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Medical education, Cardiothoracic surgery, business.industry, medicine, MEDLINE, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Career choice
Published: 2020
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15. Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Benefit from SAVR with Surgical Ablation Compared to TAVR Alone

Author: William L. Patrick, Zehang Chen, Jason J. Han, Benjamin Smood, Akhil Rao, Fabliha Khurshan, Siddharth Yarlagadda, Amit Iyengar, John J. Kelly, Joshua C. Grimm, Marisa Cevasco, Joseph E. Bavaria, and Nimesh D. Desai
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: In patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing aortic valve replacement, the addition of surgical ablation to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR-SA) is efficacious and a Class I guideline. We hypothesized that this subgroup may benefit from SAVR-SA compared to transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) alone.Medicare beneficiaries with persistent non-valvular AF who underwent SAVR-SA or TAVR alone between 2012 and 2018 were included. Patients with high-risk surgical comorbidities were excluded. Groups were matched using inverse probability weighting. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were stroke, transient ischemic attack, permanent pacemaker implantation, bleeding, rehospitalization for atrial arrhythmias, and rehospitalization for heart failure. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional-hazards regression were used to compare outcomes. Outcomes were adjusted for variables with a standardized mean difference greater than 0.1.Of 439,492 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement, 2591 underwent SAVR-SA and 1494 underwent TAVR alone. Weighting resulted in adequately matched groups. Compared to TAVR alone, SAVR-SA was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53-0.79), permanent pacemaker implantation (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44-0.87), bleeding (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39-1.00), and rehospitalization for heart failure (HR 0.49 (0.36-0.65). There was no difference in the incidence of stroke (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.74-1.54), transient ischemic attack (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.75-1.47), or rehospitalization for atrial arrhythmia.Select patients with persistent non-valvular AF may benefit from SAVR-SA compared to TAVR alone.
Published: 2021

16. Populational Perceptions Regarding Decision to Visit the Emergency Room with Chest Pain During COVID-19

Author: Jason J. Han, William L. Patrick, Akhil Rao, Benjamin Smood, Mark Helmers, Amit Iyengar, John J. Kelly, Saiesh Kalva, Pavan Atluri, Nimesh Desai, and Marisa Cevasco
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: A significant decrease in emergency presentations of acute cardiac conditions has been observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to understand perceptions that influence people's decisions whether to present to the emergency department (ED) with symptoms related to acute cardiovascular events to inform necessary medical communication.We recruited users of Amazon Mechanical Turk (Seattle, WA) to participate in a survey to elucidate perceptions of COVID-19 risk associated with a visit to the ED. A conjoint analysis was designed based on commonly reported factors associated with people's decisions to present to the ED during the pandemic to calculate preference utilities.After exclusions, 1003 participants completed the survey between 12/5/2020 and 12/6/2020. Participants ranked the perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 at the ED as one of the highest, only second to that at bars and restaurants. Only 68% (685/1003) were willing to present to the ED immediately with severe chest pain. Fear of further transmitting the virus to loved ones was the most frequently cited reason for not presenting. Conjoint analysis demonstrated severe chest pain to be the dominant factor in the decision to present to the ED.The risk of contracting COVID-19 while presenting to the ED for a life-threatening cardiovascular symptom is overestimated and is strongly affected by social factors.
Published: 2021

17. Genetically-engineered pigs as sources for clinical red blood cell transfusion: What pathobiological barriers need to be overcome?

Author: Leah J. Schoel, Benjamin Smood, David K. C. Cooper, and Hidetaka Hara
Subjects: Erythrocytes, Blood transfusion, Swine, T cell, Xenotransplantation, medicine.medical_treatment, Transgene, Transplantation, Heterologous, Article, Animals, Genetically Modified, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Phagocytosis, Transplantation Immunology, Xenotransfusion, medicine, Animals, Humans, Lymphocytes, business.industry, Immunogenicity, Transfusion Reaction, Complement System Proteins, Organ Transplantation, Hematology, Acquired immune system, Clinical trial, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Blood Group Antigens, Erythrocyte Transfusion, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract: An alternative to human red blood cells (RBCs) for clinical transfusion would be advantageous, particularly in situations of massive acute blood loss (where availability and compatibility are limited) or chronic hematologic diseases requiring frequent transfusions (resulting in alloimmunization). Ideally, any alternative must be neither immunogenic nor pathogenic, but readily available, inexpensive, and physiologically effective. Pig RBCs (pRBCs) provide a promising alternative due to their several similarities with human RBCs, and our increasing ability to genetically-modify pigs to reduce cellular immunogenicity. We briefly summarize the history of xenotransfusion, the progress that has been made in recent years, and the remaining barriers. These barriers include prevention of (i) human natural antibody binding to pRBCs, (ii) their phagocytosis by macrophages, and (iii) the T cell adaptive immune response (in the absence of exogenous immunosuppressive therapy). Although techniques of genetic engineering have advanced in recent years, novel methods to introduce human transgenes into pRBCs (which do not have nuclei) will need to be developed before clinical trials can be initiated.
Published: 2019
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18. How Should ECMO Be Used Under Conditions of Severe Scarcity? A Population Study of Public Perception

Author: Marisa Cevasco, Salim E. Olia, Max Shin, Amit Iyengar, John J. Kelly, William L. Patrick, Jacob T. Gutsche, Akhil Rao, Mark R. Helmers, Benjamin Smood, Jason J. Han, and Christian A. Bermudez
Subjects: Adult, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, resource allocation, Scarcity, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Health care, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, medicine, Humans, media_common, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Middle Aged, justice, Family member, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, surgical procedures, operative, Cross-Sectional Studies, Resource scarcity, Public Opinion, Emergency medicine, Population study, Original Article, ECMO, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, bioethics
Abstract: Objective To assess societal preferences regarding allocation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a rescue option for select patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Design Cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample. Setting Amazon Mechanical Turk platform. Participants In total, responses from 1,041 members of Amazon Mechanical Turk crowd-sourcing platform were included. Participants were 37.9 ± 12.6 years old, generally white (65%), and college-educated (66.1%). Many reported working in a healthcare setting (22.5%) and having a friend or family member who was admitted to the hospital (43.8%) or died from COVID-19 (29.9%). Measurements and Main Results Although most reported an unwillingness to stay on ECMO for >one week without signs of recovery, participants were highly supportive of ECMO utilization as a life-preserving technique on a policy level. The majority (96.7%) advocated for continued use of ECMO to treat COVID patients during periods of resource scarcity but would prioritize those with highest likelihood of recovery (50%) followed by those who were sickest regardless of survival chances (31.7%). Patients >40 years old were more likely to prefer distributing ECMO on a first-come first-served basis (21.5% v 13.3%, p Conclusion Even though participants expressed hesitation regarding ECMO in personal circumstances, they were uniformly in support of using ECMO to treat COVID patients at a policy level for others who might need it, even in the setting of severe scarcity.
Published: 2021

19. COVID-19 and cardiothoracic surgery: Effects on training and workforce utilization in a global pandemic

Author: William L. Patrick, Benjamin Smood, Amit Iyengar, Ammara A. Watkins, John R. Spratt, Jason J. Han, John J. Kelly, Jessica G.Y. Luc, Marisa Cevasco, Matthew L. Williams, Emeka B. Kesieme, Tyler J. Wallen, Charles G. Jenkinson, J. Hunter Mehaffey, Miia Lehtinen, Mark R. Helmers, Woojung Kim, and Eric E. Vinck
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, global surgery, Specialties, Surgical, Care setting, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Overall response rate, COVID‐19, Surveys and Questionnaires, Pandemic, Health care, Medicine, Humans, Pandemics, education, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Internship and Residency, United States, 3. Good health, 030228 respiratory system, Cardiothoracic surgery, Family medicine, Workforce, Surgery, Original Article, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has disrupted all aspects of healthcare, including cardiothoracic surgery (CTS). We sought to determine the pandemic's impact on CTS trainees' educational experiences. Methods A survey was developed and distributed to members of the Thoracic Surgery Residents Association and other international CTS trainees. Trainees were asked to evaluate their cumulative experiences and share their overall perceptions of how CTS training had been impacted during the earliest months of the COVID‐19 pandemic (i.e., since March 01, 2020). Surveys were distributed and responses were recorded June 25–August 05, 2020. In total, 748 surveys were distributed and 166 responses were received (overall response rate 22.2%). Of these, 126 of 166 responses (75.9%) met inclusion criteria for final analysis. Results Final responses analyzed included 45 of 126 (35.7%) United States (US) and 81 of 126 (64.3%) international trainees, including 101 of 126 (80.2%) senior and 25 of 126 (19.8%) junior trainees. Most respondents (76/126, 43.2%) lost over 1 week in the hospital due to the pandemic. Juniors (12/25, 48.0%) were more likely than seniors (20/101, 19.8%) to be reassigned to COVID‐19‐specific units (p, Cardiothoracic surgery trainees in the United States and abroad have been significantly impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic in the form of lost time in the hospital, decreased operative volumes, and frequent reassignment to COVID‐19‐specific care settings
Published: 2021

20. Commentary: Vita nova or vanitas? Outcomes in cardiac retransplantation

Author: Jason J. Han, Benjamin Smood, and Pavan Atluri
Subjects: Graft Rejection, Reoperation, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General surgery, Heart, Nova (rocket), Heart Transplantation, Humans, Medicine, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2022
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21. The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response

Author: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Shingo Adachi, Elisabeth Adam, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Quratul Ain, Kate Ainscough, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Razi Alalqam, Tanvir Alam, Tala Al-dabbous, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Huda Alfoudri, Imran Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, João Melo Alves, Rita Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Heidi Ammerlaan, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Kazi Rubayet Anwar, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Rajeshwari Arali, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Ana Aroca, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Motohiro Asaki, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Sheharyar Ashraf, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, AM Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Nadia Baig, J. Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S. Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Cheryl Bartone, Joaquín Baruch, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Diego Bastos, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Sylvie Behilill, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Adam Betz, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, Krishna Bhavsar, Isabella Bianchi, Claudia Bianco, Farah Nadiah Bidin, Moirangthem Bikram Singh, Felwa Bin Humaid, Mohd Nazlin Bin Kamarudin, François Bissuel, Patrick Biston, Laurent Bitker, Pablo Blanco-Schweizer, Catherine Blier, Frank Bloos, Mathieu Blot, Lucille Blumberg, Filomena Boccia, Laetitia Bodenes, Alice Bogaarts, Debby Bogaert, Anne-Hélène Boivin, Pierre-Adrien Bolze, François Bompart, Aurelius Bonfasius, Diogo Borges, Raphaël Borie, Hans Martin Bosse, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Lila Bouadma, Olivier Bouchaud, Sabelline Bouchez, Dounia Bouhmani, Damien Bouhour, Kévin Bouiller, Laurence Bouillet, Camile Bouisse, Anne-Sophie Boureau, John Bourke, Maude Bouscambert, Aurore Bousquet, Jason Bouziotis, Bianca Boxma, Marielle Boyer-Besseyre, Maria Boylan, Fernando Augusto Bozza, Matthew Brack, Axelle Braconnier, Cynthia Braga, Timo Brandenburger, Filipa Brás Monteiro, Luca Brazzi, Dorothy Breen, Patrick Breen, Stephen Brett, Kathy Brickell, Tessa Broadley, Alex Browne, Shaunagh Browne, Nicolas Brozzi, Marjolein Brusse-Keizer, Nina Buchtele, Christian Buesaquillo, Polina Bugaeva, Marielle Buisson, Erlina Burhan, Aidan Burrell, Ingrid G. Bustos, Denis Butnaru, André Cabie, Susana Cabral, Eder Caceres, Cyril Cadoz, Mia Callahan, Kate Calligy, Jose Andres Calvache, João Cam, Valentine Campana, Paul Campbell, Josie Campisi, Cecilia Canepa, Mireia Cantero, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Sheila Cárcel, Chiara Simona Cardellino, Filipa Cardoso, Filipe Cardoso, Nelson Cardoso, Sofia Cardoso, Simone Carelli, Nicolas Carlier, Thierry Carmoi, Gayle Carney, Chloe Carpenter, Inês Carqueja, Marie-Christine Carret, François Martin Carrier, Ida Carroll, Gail Carson, Ed Carton, Maire-Laure Casanova, Mariana Cascão, Siobhan Casey, José Casimiro, Bailey Cassandra, Silvia Castañeda, Nidyanara Castanheira, Guylaine Castor-Alexandre, Henry Castrillón, Ivo Castro, Ana Catarino, François-Xavier Catherine, Paolo Cattaneo, Roberta Cavalin, Giulio Giovanni Cavalli, Alexandros Cavayas, Adrian Ceccato, Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Catherine Chakveatze, Adrienne Chan, Meera Chand, Christelle Chantalat Auger, Jean-Marc Chapplain, Julie Chas, Mobin Chaudary, Jonathan Samuel Chávez Iñiguez, Anjellica Chen, Yih-Sharng Chen, Matthew Pellan Cheng, Antoine Cheret, Thibault Chiarabini, Julian Chica, Suresh Kumar Chidambaram, Leong Chin-Tho, Catherine Chirouze, Davide Chiumello, Hwa Jin Cho, Sung-Min Cho, Bernard Cholley, Marie-Charlotte Chopin, Ting Soo Chow, Yock Ping Chow, Hiu Jian Chua, Jonathan Chua, Jose Pedro Cidade, José Miguel Cisneros Herreros, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Anna Ciullo, Emma Clarke, Jennifer Clarke, Rolando Claure Del Granado, Sara Clohisey, J. Perren Cobb, Necsoi Coca, Cassidy Codan, Caitriona Cody, Alexandra Coelho, Megan Coles, Gwenhaël Colin, Michael Collins, Sebastiano Maria Colombo, Pamela Combs, Jennifer Connolly, Marie Connor, Anne Conrad, Sofía Contreras, Elaine Conway, Graham S. Cooke, Mary Copland, Hugues Cordel, Amanda Corley, Sarah Cormican, Sabine Cornelis, Alexander Daniel Cornet, Arianne Joy Corpuz, Andrea Cortegiani, Grégory Corvaisier, Emma Costigan, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadiergues, Roxane Courtois, Stéphanie Cousse, Rachel Cregan, Charles Crepy D'Orleans, Sabine Croonen, Gloria Crowl, Jonathan Crump, Claudina Cruz, Juan Luis Cruz Berm, Jaime Cruz Rojo, Marc Csete, Alberto Cucino, Ailbhe Cullen, Caroline Cullen, Matthew Cummings, Gerard Curley, Elodie Curlier, Colleen Curran, Paula Custodio, Ana da Silva Filipe, Charlene Da Silveira, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Andrew Dagens, Darren Dahly, Heidi Dalton, Jo Dalton, Seamus Daly, Federico D'Amico, Nick Daneman, Corinne Daniel, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Jorge Dantas, Frédérick D’Aragon, Mark de Boer, Gillian de Loughry, Diego de Mendoza, Etienne De Montmollin, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Ana Isabel de Pinho Oliveira, Rosanna De Rosa, Thushan de Silva, Peter de Vries, Jillian Deacon, David Dean, Alexa Debard, Bianca DeBenedictis, Marie-Pierre Debray, Nathalie DeCastro, William Dechert, Lauren Deconninck, Romain Decours, Eve Defous, Isabelle Delacroix, Eric Delaveuve, Karen Delavigne, Nathalie M. Delfos, Ionna Deligiannis, Andrea Dell'Amore, Christelle Delmas, Pierre Delobel, Corine Delsing, Elisa Demonchy, Emmanuelle Denis, Dominique Deplanque, Pieter Depuydt, Mehul Desai, Diane Descamps, Mathilde Desvallée, Santi Dewayanti, Alpha Diallo, Sylvain Diamantis, André Dias, Priscila Diaz, Rodrigo Diaz, Juan Jose Diaz Diaz, Kévin Didier, Jean-Luc Diehl, Wim Dieperink, Jérôme Dimet, Vincent Dinot, Fara Diop, Alphonsine Diouf, Yael Dishon, Devika Dixit, Félix Djossou, Annemarie B. Docherty, Helen Doherty, Arjen M Dondorp, Andy Dong, Christl A. Donnelly, Maria Donnelly, Chloe Donohue, Sean Donohue, Yoann Donohue, Ciara Doran, Peter Doran, Céline Dorival, Eric D'Ortenzio, James Joshua Douglas, Renee Douma, Nathalie Dournon, Triona Downer, Joanne Downey, Mark Downing, Tom Drake, Aoife Driscoll, Murray Dryden, Claudio Duarte Fonseca, Vincent Dubee, François Dubos, Alexandre Ducancelle, Toni Duculan, Susanne Dudman, Abhijit Duggal, Paul Dunand, Jake Dunning, Mathilde Duplaix, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Lucian Durham III, Bertrand Dussol, Juliette Duthoit, Xavier Duval, Anne Margarita Dyrhol-Riise, Sim Choon Ean, Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Siobhan Egan, Carla Eira, Mohammed El Sanharawi, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Brigitte Elharrar, Jacobien Ellerbroek, Philippine Eloy, Tarek Elshazly, Iqbal Elyazar, Isabelle Enderle, Tomoyuki Endo, Chan Chee Eng, Ilka Engelmann, Vincent Enouf, Olivier Epaulard, Martina Escher, Mariano Esperatti, Hélène Esperou, Marina Esposito-Farese, João Estevão, Manuel Etienne, Nadia Ettalhaoui, Anna Greti Everding, Mirjam Evers, Isabelle Fabre, Marc Fabre, Amna Faheem, Arabella Fahy, Cameron J. Fairfield, Zul Fakar, Pedro Faria, Ahmed Farooq, Jeremy J. Farrar, Nataly Farshait, Hanan Fateena, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Karine Faure, Raphaël Favory, Mohamed Fayed, Niamh Feely, Laura Feeney, Jorge Fernandes, Marília Fernandes, Susana Fernandes, François-Xavier Ferrand, Eglantine Ferrand Devouge, Joana Ferrão, Mário Ferraz, Benigno Ferreira, Sílvia Ferreira, Ricard Ferrer-Roca, Nicolas Ferriere, Céline Ficko, Claudia Figueiredo-Mello, Juan Fiorda, Thomas Flament, Clara Flateau, Tom Fletcher, Letizia Lucia Florio, Brigid Flynn, Deirdre Flynn, Claire Foley, Jean Foley, Victor Fomin, Tatiana Fonseca, Patricia Fontela, Simon Forsyth, Denise Foster, Giuseppe Foti, Erwan Fourn, Robert A. Fowler, Dr Marianne Fraher, Diego Franch-Llasat, Christophe Fraser, John F. Fraser, Marcela Vieira Freire, Ana Freitas Ribeiro, Caren Friedrich, Ricardo Fritz, Stéphanie Fry, Nora Fuentes, Masahiro Fukuda, Valérie Gaborieau, Rostane Gaci, Massimo Gagliardi, Jean-Charles Gagnard, Nathalie Gagné, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Sérgio Gaião, Linda Gail Skeie, Phil Gallagher, Elena Gallego Curto, Carrol Gamble, Yasmin Gani, Arthur Garan, Rebekha Garcia, Noelia García Barrio, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Esteban Garcia-Gallo, Navya Garimella, Denis Garot, Valérie Garrait, Basanta Gauli, Nathalie Gault, Aisling Gavin, Anatoliy Gavrylov, Alexandre Gaymard, Johannes Gebauer, Eva Geraud, Louis Gerbaud Morlaes, Nuno Germano, praveen kumar ghisulal, Jade Ghosn, Marco Giani, Carlo Giaquinto, Jess Gibson, Tristan Gigante, Morgane Gilg, Elaine Gilroy, Guillermo Giordano, Michelle Girvan, Valérie Gissot, Judy Gitahi, Gezy Giwangkancana, Daniel Glikman, Petr Glybochko, Eric Gnall, Geraldine Goco, François Goehringer, Siri Goepel, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Jin Yi Goh, Jonathan Golob, Rui Gomes, Kyle Gomez, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Marie Gominet, Alicia Gonzalez, Patricia Gordon, Anthony Gordon, Isabelle Gorenne, Laure Goubert, Cécile Goujard, Tiphaine Goulenok, Margarite Grable, Jeronimo Graf, Edward Wilson Grandin, Pascal Granier, Giacomo Grasselli, Lorenzo Grazioli, Christopher A. Green, Courtney Greene, William Greenhalf, Segolène Greffe, Domenico Luca Grieco, Matthew Griffee, Fiona Griffiths, Ioana Grigoras, Albert Groenendijk, Anja Grosse Lordemann, Heidi Gruner, Yusing Gu, Fabio Guarracino, Jérémie Guedj, Martin Guego, Dewi Guellec, Anne-Marie Guerguerian, Daniela Guerreiro, Romain Guery, Anne Guillaumot, Laurent Guilleminault, Maisa Guimarães de Castro, Thomas Guimard, Marieke Haalboom, Daniel Haber, Hannah Habraken, Ali Hachemi, Nadir Hadri, Olena Haidash, Saeeda Haider, Fakhir Haidri, Sheeba Hakak, Adam Hall, Matthew Hall, Sophie Halpin, Ansley Hamer, Raph Hamers, Rebecca Hamidfar, Terese Hammond, Lim Yuen Han, Rashan Haniffa, Kok Wei Hao, Hayley Hardwick, Ewen M. Harrison, Janet Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow Harrison, Alan Hartman, Junaid Hashmi, Madiha Hashmi, Muhammad Hayat, Ailbhe Hayes, Leanne Hays, Jan Heerman, Lars Heggelund, Ross Hendry, Martina Hennessy, Aquiles Henriquez, Maxime Hentzien, Fivzia Herekar, Jaime Hernandez-Montfort, Daniel Herr, Andrew Hershey, Liv Hesstvedt, Astarini Hidayah, Dawn Higgins, Eibhilin Higgins, Grainne HigginsOKeeffe, Rita Hinchion, Samuel Hinton, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Hikombo Hitoto, Antonia Ho, Yi Bin Ho, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Wei Han Hoh, Oscar Hoiting, Rebecca Holt, Jan Cato Holter, Peter Horby, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Koji Hoshino, Kota Hoshino, Ikram Houas, Catherine L. Hough, Stuart Houltham, Jimmy Ming-Yang Hsu, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Iqbal Hussain, Samreen Ijaz, Hajnal-Gabriela Illes, Patrick Imbert, Mohammad Imran, Rana Imran Sikander, Hugo Inácio, Carmen Infante Dominguez, Yun Sii Ing, Elias Iosifidis, Mariachiara Ippolito, Sarah Isgett, Palliya Guruge Pramodya Ishani Ishani, Tiago Isidoro, Nadiah Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Junji Itai, Asami Ito, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Pierre Jaquet, Waasila Jassat, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Issrah Jawad, Denise Jaworsky, Devachandran Jayakumar, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, van der Palen Job, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N. Jorge García, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Jennifer June, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Saima Kamal, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Ravi Kant, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Bipin Karki, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Christiana Kartsonaki, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Simreen Kaur Johal, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Paul Kellam, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Evelyne Kestelyn, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Sushil Khanal, Michelle E Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Peter Kiiza, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Volkan Korten, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Sudhir Krishnan, Vinothini Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Ashok Kumar, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh Kumar, Mukesh Kumar, Pavan Kumar Vecham, Dinesh Kuriakose, Ethan Kurtzman, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Demetrios Kutsogiannis, Galyna Kutsyna, Konstantinos Kyriakoulis, Marie Lachatre, Marie Lacoste, John G. Laffey, Marie Lagrange, Fabrice Laine, Olivier Lairez, Sanjay Lakhey, Antonio Lalueza, Marc Lambert, François Lamontagne, Marie Langelot-Richard, Vincent Langlois, Eka Yudha Lantang, Marina Lanza, Cédric Laouénan, Samira Laribi, Delphine Lariviere, Stéphane Lasry, Naveed Latif, Odile Launay, Didier Laureillard, Yoan Lavie-Badie, Andy Law, Cassie Lawrence, Teresa Lawrence, Minh Le, Clément Le Bihan, Cyril Le Bris, Georges Le Falher, Lucie Le Fevre, Quentin Le Hingrat, Marion Le Maréchal, Soizic Le Mestre, Gwenaël Le Moal, Vincent Le Moing, Hervé Le Nagard, Paul Le Turnier, Ema Leal, Marta Leal Santos, Biing Horng Lee, Heng Gee Lee, James Lee, Su Hwan Lee, Todd C. Lee, Yi Lin Lee, Gary Leeming, Bénédicte Lefebvre, Laurent Lefebvre, Benjamin Lefevre, Sylvie LeGac, Jean-Daniel Lelievre, François Lellouche, Adrien Lemaignen, Véronique Lemee, Anthony Lemeur, Gretchen Lemmink, Ha Sha Lene, Jenny Lennon, Rafael León, Marc Leone, Michela Leone, Quentin Lepiller, François-Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesens, Mathieu Lesouhaitier, Amy Lester-Grant, Bruno Levy, Yves Levy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Katarzyna Lewandowska, Erwan L'Her, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Janet Liang, Ali Liaquat, Geoffrey Liegeon, Kah Chuan Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Chantre Lima, Bruno Lina, Lim Lina, Andreas Lind, Guillaume Lingas, Sylvie Lion-Daolio, Samantha Lissauer, Keibun Liu, Marine Livrozet, Patricia Lizotte, Antonio Loforte, Navy Lolong, Leong Chee Loon, Diogo Lopes, Dalia Lopez-Colon, Anthony L. Loschner, Paul Loubet, Bouchra Loufti, Guillame Louis, Silvia Lourenco, Lara Lovelace-Macon, Lee Lee Low, Marije Lowik, Jia Shyi Loy, Jean Christophe Lucet, Carlos Lumbreras Bermejo, Carlos M. Luna, Olguta Lungu, Liem Luong, Nestor Luque, Dominique Luton, Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Samual MacDonald, Sarah MacDonald, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Juan Macias Sanchez, Jai Madhok, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S. Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Victoria Manda, Jose M. Mandei, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Kishore Mangal, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, Daniel Marino, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Alessandra Martinelli, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Martin Martinot, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva Miranda Marwali, Marsilla Marzukie, Juan Fernado Masa Jimenez, David Maslove, Phillip Mason, Sabina Mason, Sobia Masood, Basri Mat Nor, Moshe Matan, Henrique Mateus Fernandes, Meghena Mathew, Daniel Mathieu, Mathieu Mattei, Romans Matulevics, Laurence Maulin, Michael Maxwell, Javier Maynar, Thierry Mazzoni, Lisa Mc Sweeney, Lorraine McAndrew, Colin McArthur, Aine McCarthy, Anne McCarthy, Colin McCloskey, Rachael McConnochie, Sherry McDermott, Sarah E. McDonald, Aine McElroy, Samuel McElwee, Victoria McEneany, Natalie McEvoy, Allison McGeer, Chris McKay, Johnny McKeown, Kenneth A. McLean, Paul McNally, Bairbre McNicholas, Elaine McPartlan, Edel Meaney, Cécile Mear-Passard, Maggie Mechlin, Maqsood Meher, Omar Mehkri, Ferruccio Mele, Luis Melo, Kashif Memon, Joao Joao Mendes, Ogechukwu Menkiti, Kusum Menon, France Mentré, Alexander J. Mentzer, Emmanuelle Mercier, Noémie Mercier, Antoine Merckx, Mayka Mergeay-Fabre, Blake Mergler, Laura Merson, António Mesquita, Osama Metwally, Agnès Meybeck, Dan Meyer, Alison M. Meynert, Vanina Meysonnier, Amina Meziane, Mehdi Mezidi, Giuliano Michelagnoli, Céline Michelanglei, Isabelle Michelet, Efstathia Mihelis, Vladislav Mihnovit, Hugo Miranda-Maldonado, Nor Arisah Misnan, Nik Nur Eliza Mohamed, Tahira Jamal Mohamed, Asma Moin, David Molina, Elena Molinos, Brenda Molloy, Mary Mone, Agostinho Monteiro, Claudia Montes, Giorgia Montrucchio, Sarah Moore, Shona C. Moore, Lina Morales Cely, Lucia Moro, Diego Rolando Morocho Tutillo, Ben Morton, Catherine Motherway, Ana Motos, Hugo Mouquet, Clara Mouton Perrot, Julien Moyet, Caroline Mudara, Aisha Kalsoom Mufti, Ng Yong Muh, Dzawani Muhamad, Jimmy Mullaert, Fredrik Muller, Karl Erik Müller, Daniel Munblit, Syed Muneeb, Nadeem Munir, Laveena Munshi, Aisling Murphy, Lorna Murphy, Marlène Murris, Srinivas Murthy, Himed Musaab, Gugapriyaa Muyandy, Dimitra Melia Myrodia, Namra N, Dave Nagpal, Alex Nagrebetsky, Mangala Narasimhan, Nageswaran Narayanan, Rashid Nasim Khan, Alasdair Nazerali-Maitland, Nadège Neant, Holger Neb, Nikita A Nekliudov, Erni Nelwan, Raul Neto, Emily Neumann, Bernardo Neves, Pauline Yeung Ng, Anthony Nghi, Duc Nguyen, Orna Ni Choileain, Niamh Ni Leathlobhair, Alistair Nichol, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Stephanie Nonas, Nurul Amani Mohd Noordin, Marion Noret, Nurul Faten Izzati Norharizam, Lisa Norman, Alessandra Notari, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Karolina Nowicka, Adam Nowinski, Saad Nseir, Jose I Nunez, Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih, Elsa Nyamankolly, Fionnuala O Brien, Annmarie O'Callaghan, Giovanna Occhipinti, Derbrenn OConnor, Max O'Donnell, Tawnya Ogston, Takayuki Ogura, Tak-Hyuk Oh, Sophie O'Halloran, Katie O'Hearn, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Agnieszka Oldakowska, João Oliveira, Larissa Oliveira, Piero L. Olliaro, Conar O'Neil, David S.Y. Ong, Jee Yan Ong, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Anne Opavsky, Peter Openshaw, Saijad Orakzai, Claudia Milena Orozco-Chamorro, Andrés Orquera, Jamel Ortoleva, Javier Osatnik, Linda O'Shea, Miriam O'Sullivan, Siti Zubaidah Othman, Nadia Ouamara, Rachida Ouissa, Clark Owyang, Eric Oziol, H M Upulee Pabasara, Maïder Pagadoy, Justine Pages, Amanda Palacios, Mario Palacios, Massimo Palmarini, Giovanna Panarello, Prasan Kumar Panda, Hem Paneru, Lai Hui Pang, Mauro Panigada, Nathalie Pansu, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Rachael Parke, Melissa Parker, Briseida Parra, Vieri Parrini, Taha Pasha, Jérémie Pasquier, Bruno Pastene, Fabian Patauner, Junaid Patel, Mohan Dass Pathmanathan, Luís Patrão, Patricia Patricio, Juliette Patrier, Lisa Patterson, Rajyabardhan Pattnaik, Christelle Paul, Mical Paul, Jorge Paulos, William A. Paxton, Jean-François Payen, Kalaiarasu Peariasamy, Miguel Pedrera Jiménez, Giles J. Peek, Florent Peelman, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Vincent Peigne, Mare Pejkovska, Paolo Pelosi, Ithan D. Peltan, Rui Pereira, Daniel Perez, Luis Periel, Thomas Perpoint, Antonio Pesenti, Vincent Pestre, Lenka Petrou, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Frank Olav Pettersen, Gilles Peytavin, Scott Pharand, Michael Piagnerelli, Walter Picard, Olivier Picone, Maria de Piero, Carola Pierobon, Djura Piersma, Carlos Pimentel, Raquel Pinto, Catarina Pires, Isabelle Pironneau, Lionel Piroth, Riinu Pius, Simone Piva, Laurent Plantier, Daniel Plotkin, Hon Shen Png, Julien Poissy, Ryadh Pokeerbux, Maria Pokorska-Spiewak, Sergio Poli, Georgios Pollakis, Diane Ponscarme, Jolanta Popielska, Andra-Maris Post, Douwe F. Postma, Pedro Povoa, Diana Póvoas, Jeff Powis, Sofia Prapa, Sébastien Preau, Christian Prebensen, Jean-Charles Preiser, Anton Prinssen, Mark G. Pritchard, Gamage Dona Dilanthi Priyadarshani, Lucia Proença, Sravya Pudota, Oriane Puéchal, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Mathew Pulicken, Matteo Puntoni, Gregory Purcell, Luisa Quesada, Vilmaris Quinones-Cardona, Víctor Quirós González, Else Quist-Paulsen, Mohammed Quraishi, Maia Rabaa, Christian Rabaud, Ebenezer Rabindrarajan, Aldo Rafael, Marie Rafiq, Gabrielle Ragazzo, Ahmad Kashfi Haji Ab Rahman, Rozanah Abd Rahman, Arsalan Rahutullah, Fernando Rainieri, Giri Shan Rajahram, Nipunie Rajapakse, Azrina Ralib, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, Kollengode Ramanathan, Ahmad Afiq Ramli, Blandine Rammaert, Grazielle Viana Ramos, Asim Rana, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Ritika Ranjan, Christophe Rapp, Aasiyah Rashan, Thalha Rashan, Ghulam Rasheed, Menaldi Rasmin, Indrek Rätsep, Cornelius Rau, Tharmini Ravi, Ali Raza, Andre Real, Stanislas Rebaudet, Sarah Redl, Brenda Reeve, Ali Rehan, Attaur Rehman, Liadain Reid, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Renato Reis, Jordi Rello, Jonathan Remppis, Martine Remy, Hongru Ren, Hanna Renk, Liliana Resende, Anne-Sophie Resseguier, Matthieu Revest, Oleksa Rewa, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tiago Reyes, Maria Ines Ribeiro, David Richardson, Denise Richardson, Laurent Richier, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad Ridzuan, Jordi Riera, Ana L Rios, Asgar Rishu, Patrick Rispal, Karine Risso, Maria Angelica Rivera Nuñez, Nicholas Rizer, Doug Robb, Chiara Robba, André Roberto, Stephanie Roberts, David L. Robertson, Olivier Robineau, Ferran Roche-Campo, Paola Rodari, Simão Rodeia, Julia Rodriguez Abreu, Bernhard Roessler, Claire Roger, Pierre-Marie Roger, Emmanuel Roilides, Amanda Rojek, Juliette Romaru, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, Mélanie Roriz, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Michael Rose, Dorothea Rosenberger, Andrea Rossanese, Matteo Rossetti, Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Stella Rousset, Carine Roy, Benoît Roze, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Clark D. Russell, Maeve Ryan, Maria Ryan, Steffi Ryckaert, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Isabela Saba, Sairah Sadaf, Musharaf Sadat, Valla Sahraei, Maximilien Saint-Gilles, Pranya Sakiyalak, Nawal Salahuddin, Leonardo Salazar, Jodat Saleem, Gabriele Sales, Stéphane Sallaberry, Charlotte Salmon Gandonniere, Hélène Salvator, Olivier Sanchez, Xavier Sánchez Choez, Kizy Sanchez de Oliveira, Angel Sanchez-Miralles, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Gyan Sandhu, Zulfiqar Sandhu, Pierre-François Sandrine, Oana Sandulescu, Marlene Santos, Shirley Sarfo-Mensah, Bruno Sarmento Banheiro, Iam Claire E. Sarmiento, Benjamine Sarton, Sree Satyapriya, Rumaisah Satyawati, Egle Saviciute, Raymond Savio, Parthena Savvidou, Yen Tsen Saw, Justin Schaffer, Tjard Schermer, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marion Schneider, Stephan Schroll, Michael Schwameis, Gary Schwartz, Janet T. Scott, James Scott-Brown, Nicholas Sedillot, Tamara Seitz, Jaganathan Selvanayagam, Mageswari Selvarajoo, Caroline Semaille, Malcolm G. Semple, Rasidah Bt Senian, Eric Senneville, Claudia Sepulveda, Filipa Sequeira, Tânia Sequeira, Ary Serpa Neto, Pablo Serrano Balazote, Ellen Shadowitz, Syamin Asyraf Shahidan, Mohd Shahnaz Hasan, Mohammad Shamsah, Anuraj Shankar, Shaikh Sharjeel, Pratima Sharma, Catherine A. Shaw, Victoria Shaw, Haixia Shi, Nisreen Shiban, Mohiuddin Shiekh, Takuya Shiga, Nobuaki Shime, Hiroaki Shimizu, Keiki Shimizu, Naoki Shimizu, Nahoko Shindo, Sally Shrapnel, Hoi Ping Shum, Nassima Si Mohammed, Ng Yong Siang, Jeanne Sibiude, Atif Siddiqui, Louise Sigfrid, Piret Sillaots, Catarina Silva, Maria Joao Silva, Rogério Silva, Benedict Sim Lim Heng, Wai Ching Sin, Budha Charan Singh, Punam Singh, Pompini Agustina Sitompul, Karisha Sivam, Vegard Skogen, Sue Smith, Benjamin Smood, Coilin Smyth, Michelle Smyth, Morgane Snacken, Dominic So, Tze Vee Soh, Monserrat Solis, Joshua Solomon, Tom Solomon, Emily Somers, Agnès Sommet, Myung Jin Song, Rima Song, Tae Song, Jack Song Chia, Michael Sonntagbauer, Azlan Mat Soom, Alberto Sotto, Edouard Soum, Ana Chora Sousa, Marta Sousa, Maria Sousa Uva, Vicente Souza-Dantas, Alexandra Sperry, Elisabetta Spinuzza, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri Darshana, Shiranee Sriskandan, Sarah Stabler, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne Stecher, Trude Steinsvik, Ymkje Stienstra, Birgitte Stiksrud, Eva Stolz, Amy Stone, Adrian Streinu-Cercel, Anca Streinu-Cercel, Samantha Strudwick, Ami Stuart, David Stuart, Decy Subekti, Gabriel Suen, Jacky Y. Suen, Prasanth Sukumar, Asfia Sultana, Charlotte Summers, Dubravka Supic, Deepashankari Suppiah, Magdalena Surovcová, Suwarti Suwarti, Andrey A Svistunov, Sarah Syahrin, Konstantinos Syrigos, Jaques Sztajnbok, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Shirin Tabrizi, Fabio S. Taccone, Lysa Tagherset, Shahdattul Mawarni Taib, Ewa Talarek, Sara Taleb, Jelmer Talsma, Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon, Kim Keat Tan, Le Van Tan, Yan Chyi Tan, Clarice Tanaka, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Taku Tanaka, Hayato Taniguchi, Hussain Tanveer, Huda Taqdees, Arshad Taqi, Coralie Tardivon, Pierre Tattevin, M Azhari Taufik, Hassan Tawfik, Richard S. Tedder, Tze Yuan Tee, João Teixeira, Sofia Tejada, Marie-Capucine Tellier, Sze Kye Teoh, Vanessa Teotonio, François Téoulé, Pleun Terpstra, Olivier Terrier, Nicolas Terzi, Hubert Tessier-Grenier, Adrian Tey, Alif Adlan Mohd Thabit, Zhang Duan Tham, Suvintheran Thangavelu, Vincent Thibault, Simon-Djamel Thiberville, Benoît Thill, Jananee Thirumanickam, Shaun Thompson, David Thomson, Emma C. Thomson, Surain Raaj Thanga Thurai, Duong Bich Thuy, Ryan S. Thwaites, Paul Tierney, Vadim Tieroshyn, Peter S Timashev, Jean-François Timsit, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Noémie Tissot, Jordan Zhien Yang Toh, Maria Toki, Timo Tolppa, Kristian Tonby, Sia Loong Tonnii, Antoni Torres, Margarida Torres, Rosario Maria Torres Santos-Olmo, Hernando Torres-Zevallos, Michael Towers, Tony Trapani, Damien Traynor, Théo Treoux, Huynh Trung Trieu, Swagata Tripathy, Cécile Tromeur, Ioannis Trontzas, Tiffany Trouillon, Jeanne Truong, Christelle Tual, Sarah Tubiana, Helen Tuite, Jean-Marie Turmel, Lance C.W. Turtle, Anders Tveita, Pawel Twardowski, Makoto Uchiyama, PG Ishara Udayanga, Andrew Udy, Roman Ullrich, Zubair Umer, Alberto Uribe, Asad Usman, Cristinava Vajdovics, Luís Val-Flores, Ana Luiza Valle, Amélie Valran, Stijn Van de Velde, Marcel van den Berge, Machteld van der Feltz, Paul van der Valk, Nicky Van Der Vekens, Peter Van der Voort, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Marlice van Dyk, Laura van Gulik, Jarne Van Hattem, Steven van Lelyveld, Carolien van Netten, Gitte Van Twillert, Ilonka van Veen, Noémie Vanel, Henk Vanoverschelde, Pooja Varghese, Michael Varrone, Shoban Raj Vasudayan, Charline Vauchy, Helen Vaughan, Shaminee Veeran, Aurélie Veislinger, Sebastian Vencken, Sara Ventura, Annelies Verbon, José Ernesto Vidal, César Vieira, Deepak Vijayan, Joy Ann Villanueva, Judit Villar, Pierre-Marc Villeneuve, Andrea Villoldo, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Benoit Visseaux, Hannah Visser, Chiara Vitiello, Harald Vonkeman, Fanny Vuotto, Noor Hidayu Wahab, Suhaila Abdul Wahab, Nadirah Abdul Wahid, Marina Wainstein, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd Shukeri, Chih-Hsien Wang, Steven Anthony Webb, Jia Wei, Katharina Weil, Tan Pei Wen, Sanne Wesselius, T. Eoin West, Murray Wham, Bryan Whelan, Nicole White, Paul Henri Wicky, Aurélie Wiedemann, Surya Otto Wijaya, Keith Wille, Suzette Willems, Virginie Williams, Evert-Jan Wils, Ng Wing Yiu, Calvin Wong, Teck Fung Wong, Xin Ci Wong, Yew Sing Wong, Gan Ee Xian, Lim Saio Xian, Kuan Pei Xuan, Ioannis Xynogalas, Sophie Yacoub, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd Yakop, Masaki Yamazaki, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Nicholas Yee Liang Hing, Cécile Yelnik, Chian Hui Yeoh, Stephanie Yerkovich, Toshiki Yokoyama, Hodane Yonis, Obada Yousif, Saptadi Yuliarto, Akram Zaaqoq, Marion Zabbe, Kai Zacharowski, Masliza Zahid, Maram Zahran, Nor Zaila Binti Zaidan, Maria Zambon, Miguel Zambrano, Alberto Zanella, Konrad Zawadka, Nurul Zaynah, Hiba Zayyad, Alexander Zoufaly, David Zucman, ESTACA'Lab ( ESTACA'Lab ), École Supérieure des Techniques Aéronautiques et de Construction Automobile (ESTACA), Laboratoire d’Ingénierie Circulation Transport et Éco-gestion des systèmes énergétiques pour les transports (LICIT-Eco7), École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Gustave Eiffel, St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller University [New York], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wichita State University, Indo-French Center for Groundwater Research (IFCGR), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), National Geophysical Research Institute [Hyderabad] (NGRI), Department of Zoology [Rawalpindi, Pakistan], Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University = PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi (AAUR), CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Abbas A., Abdukahil S.A., Abdulkadir N.N., Abe R., Abel L., Absil L., Acharya S., Acker A., Adachi S., Adam E., Adriao D., Ageel S.A., Ahmed S., Ain Q., Ainscough K., Aisa T., Ait Hssain A., Ait Tamlihat Y., Akimoto T., Akmal E., Al Qasim E., Alalqam R., Alam T., Al-dabbous T., Alegesan S., Alegre C., Alessi M., Alex B., Alexandre K., Al-Fares A., Alfoudri H., Ali I., Ali Shah N., Alidjnou K.E., Aliudin J., Alkhafajee Q., Allavena C., Allou N., Altaf A., Alves J., Alves J.M., Alves R., Amaral M., Amira N., Ammerlaan H., Ampaw P., Andini R., Andrejak C., Angheben A., Angoulvant F., Ansart S., Anthonidass S., Antonelli M., Antunes de Brito C.A., Anwar K.R., Apriyana A., Arabi Y., Aragao I., Arali R., Arancibia F., Araujo C., Arcadipane A., Archambault P., Arenz L., Arlet J.-B., Arnold-Day C., Aroca A., Arora L., Arora R., Artaud-Macari E., Aryal D., Asaki M., Asensio A., Ashley E., Ashraf M., Ashraf S., Asim M., Assie J.B., Asyraf A., Atique A., Attanyake A.U.L., Auchabie J., Aumaitre H., Auvet A., Azemar L., Azoulay C., Bach B., Bachelet D., Badr C., Baig N., Baillie J.K., Baird J.K., Bak E., Bakakos A., Bakar N.A., Bal A., Balakrishnan M., Balan V., Bani-Sadr F., Barbalho R., Barbosa N.Y., Barclay W.S., Barnett S.U., Barnikel M., Barrasa H., Barrelet A., Barrigoto C., Bartoli M., Bartone C., Baruch J., Bashir M., Basmaci R., Basri M.F.H., Bastos D., Battaglini D., Bauer J., Bautista Rincon D.F., Bazan Dow D., Bedossa A., Bee K.H., Behilill S., Beishuizen A., Beljantsev A., Bellemare D., Beltrame A., Beltrao B.A., Beluze M., Benech N., Benjiman L.E., Benkerrou D., Bennett S., Bento L., Berdal J.-E., Bergeaud D., Bergin H., Bernal Sobrino J.L., Bertoli G., Bertolino L., Bessis S., Betz A., Bevilcaqua S., Bezulier K., Bhatt A., Bhavsar K., Bianchi I., Bianco C., Bidin F.N., Bikram Singh M., Bin Humaid F., Bin Kamarudin M.N., Bissuel F., Biston P., Bitker L., Blanco-Schweizer P., Blier C., Bloos F., Blot M., Blumberg L., Boccia F., Bodenes L., Bogaarts A., Bogaert D., Boivin A.-H., Bolze P.-A., Bompart F., Bonfasius A., Borges D., Borie R., Bosse H.M., Botelho-Nevers E., Bouadma L., Bouchaud O., Bouchez S., Bouhmani D., Bouhour D., Bouiller K., Bouillet L., Bouisse C., Boureau A.-S., Bourke J., Bouscambert M., Bousquet A., Bouziotis J., Boxma B., Boyer-Besseyre M., Boylan M., Bozza F.A., Brack M., Braconnier A., Braga C., Brandenburger T., Bras Monteiro F., Brazzi L., Breen D., Breen P., Brett S., Brickell K., Broadley T., Browne A., Browne S., Brozzi N., Brusse-Keizer M., Buchtele N., Buesaquillo C., Bugaeva P., Buisson M., Burhan E., Burrell A., Bustos I.G., Butnaru D., Cabie A., Cabral S., Caceres E., Cadoz C., Callahan M., Calligy K., Calvache J.A., Cam J., Campana V., Campbell P., Campisi J., Canepa C., Cantero M., Caraux-Paz P., Carcel S., Cardellino C.S., Cardoso F., Cardoso N., Cardoso S., Carelli S., Carlier N., Carmoi T., Carney G., Carpenter C., Carqueja I., Carret M.-C., Carrier F.M., Carroll I., Carson G., Carton E., Casanova M.-L., Cascao M., Casey S., Casimiro J., Cassandra B., Castaneda S., Castanheira N., Castor-Alexandre G., Castrillon H., Castro I., Catarino A., Catherine F.-X., Cattaneo P., Cavalin R., Cavalli G.G., Cavayas A., Ceccato A., Cervantes-Gonzalez M., Chair A., Chakveatze C., Chan A., Chand M., Chantalat Auger C., Chapplain J.-M., Chas J., Chaudary M., Chavez Iniguez J.S., Chen A., Chen Y.-S., Cheng M.P., Cheret A., Chiarabini T., Chica J., Chidambaram S.K., Chin-Tho L., Chirouze C., Chiumello D., Cho H.J., Cho S.-M., Cholley B., Chopin M.-C., Chow T.S., Chow Y.P., Chua H.J., Chua J., Cidade J.P., Cisneros Herreros J.M., Citarella B.W., Ciullo A., Clarke E., Clarke J., Claure Del Granado R., Clohisey S., Cobb J.P., Coca N., Codan C., Cody C., Coelho A., Coles M., Colin G., Collins M., Colombo S.M., Combs P., Connolly J., Connor M., Conrad A., Contreras S., Conway E., Cooke G.S., Copland M., Cordel H., Corley A., Cormican S., Cornelis S., Cornet A.D., Corpuz A.J., Cortegiani A., Corvaisier G., Costigan E., Couffignal C., Couffin-Cadiergues S., Courtois R., Cousse S., Cregan R., Crepy D'Orleans C., Croonen S., Crowl G., Crump J., Cruz C., Cruz Berm J.L., Cruz Rojo J., Csete M., Cucino A., Cullen A., Cullen C., Cummings M., Curley G., Curlier E., Curran C., Custodio P., da Silva Filipe A., Da Silveira C., Dabaliz A.-A., Dagens A., Dahly D., Dalton H., Dalton J., Daly S., D'Amico F., Daneman N., Daniel C., Dankwa E.A., Dantas J., D'Aragon F., de Boer M., de Loughry G., de Mendoza D., De Montmollin E., de Oliveira Franca R.F., de Pinho Oliveira A.I., De Rosa R., de Silva T., de Vries P., Deacon J., Dean D., Debard A., DeBenedictis B., Debray M.-P., DeCastro N., Dechert W., 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Elharrar B., Ellerbroek J., Eloy P., Elshazly T., Elyazar I., Enderle I., Endo T., Eng C.C., Engelmann I., Enouf V., Epaulard O., Escher M., Esperatti M., Esperou H., Esposito-Farese M., Estevao J., Etienne M., Ettalhaoui N., Everding A.G., Evers M., Fabre I., Fabre M., Faheem A., Fahy A., Fairfield C.J., Fakar Z., Faria P., Farooq A., Farrar J.J., Farshait N., Fateena H., Fatoni A.Z., Faure K., Favory R., Fayed M., Feely N., Feeney L., Fernandes J., Fernandes M., Fernandes S., Ferrand F.-X., Ferrand Devouge E., Ferrao J., Ferraz M., Ferreira B., Ferreira S., Ferrer-Roca R., Ferriere N., Ficko C., Figueiredo-Mello C., Fiorda J., Flament T., Flateau C., Fletcher T., Florio L.L., Flynn B., Flynn D., Foley C., Foley J., Fomin V., Fonseca T., Fontela P., Forsyth S., Foster D., Foti G., Fourn E., Fowler R.A., Fraher D.M., Franch-Llasat D., Fraser C., Fraser J.F., Freire M.V., Freitas Ribeiro A., Friedrich C., Fritz R., Fry S., Fuentes N., Fukuda M., Gaborieau V., Gaci R., Gagliardi M., Gagnard J.-C., Gagne N., Gagneux-Brunon A., Gaiao S., Gail Skeie L., Gallagher P., Gallego Curto E., Gamble C., Gani Y., Garan A., Garcia R., Garcia Barrio N., Garcia-Diaz J., Garcia-Gallo E., Garimella N., Garot D., Garrait V., Gauli B., Gault N., Gavin A., Gavrylov A., Gaymard A., Gebauer J., Geraud E., Gerbaud Morlaes L., Germano N., ghisulal P.K., Ghosn J., Giani M., Giaquinto C., Gibson J., Gigante T., Gilg M., Gilroy E., Giordano G., Girvan M., Gissot V., Gitahi J., Giwangkancana G., Glikman D., Glybochko P., Gnall E., Goco G., Goehringer F., Goepel S., Goffard J.-C., Goh J.Y., Golob J., Gomes R., Gomez K., Gomez-Junyent J., Gominet M., Gonzalez A., Gordon P., Gordon A., Gorenne I., Goubert L., Goujard C., Goulenok T., Grable M., Graf J., Grandin E.W., Granier P., Grasselli G., Grazioli L., Green C.A., Greene C., Greenhalf W., Greffe S., Grieco D.L., Griffee M., Griffiths F., Grigoras I., Groenendijk A., Grosse Lordemann A., Gruner H., Gu Y., Guarracino F., Guedj J., Guego M., Guellec D., Guerguerian A.-M., Guerreiro D., Guery R., Guillaumot A., Guilleminault L., Guimaraes de Castro M., Guimard T., Haalboom M., Haber D., Habraken H., Hachemi A., Hadri N., Haidash O., Haider S., Haidri F., Hakak S., Hall A., Hall M., Halpin S., Hamer A., Hamers R., Hamidfar R., Hammond T., Han L.Y., Haniffa R., Hao K.W., Hardwick H., Harrison E.M., Harrison J., Harrison S.B.E., Hartman A., Hashmi J., Hashmi M., Hayat M., Hayes A., Hays L., Heerman J., Heggelund L., Hendry R., Hennessy M., Henriquez A., Hentzien M., Herekar F., Hernandez-Montfort J., Herr D., Hershey A., Hesstvedt L., Hidayah A., Higgins D., Higgins E., HigginsOKeeffe G., Hinchion R., Hinton S., Hiraiwa H., Hitoto H., Ho A., Ho Y.B., Hoctin A., Hoffmann I., Hoh W.H., Hoiting O., Holt R., Holter J.C., Horby P., Horcajada J.P., Hoshino K., Houas I., Hough C.L., Houltham S., Hsu J.M.-Y., Hulot J.-S., Hussain I., Ijaz S., Illes H.-G., Imbert P., Imran M., Imran Sikander R., Inacio H., Infante Dominguez C., Ing 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I., Khalid O., Khalil A., Khan C., Khan I., Khanal S., Kho M.E., Khoo D., Khoo R., Khoo S., Khoso N., Kiat K.H., Kida Y., Kiiza P., Kildal A.B., Kim J.B., Kimmoun A., Kindgen-Milles D., King A., Kitamura N., Klenerman P., Klont R., Kloumann Bekken G., Knight S., Kobbe R., Kodippily C., Kohns Vasconcelos M., Koirala S., Komatsu M., Korten V., Kosgei C., Kpangon A., Krawczyk K., Krishnan S., Krishnan V., Kruglova O., Kumar A., Kumar D., Kumar G., Kumar M., Kumar Vecham P., Kuriakose D., Kurtzman E., Kusumastuti N.P., Kutsogiannis D., Kutsyna G., Kyriakoulis K., Lachatre M., Lacoste M., Laffey J.G., Lagrange M., Laine F., Lairez O., Lakhey S., Lalueza A., Lambert M., Lamontagne F., Langelot-Richard M., Langlois V., Lantang E.Y., Lanza M., Laouenan C., Laribi S., Lariviere D., Lasry S., Latif N., Launay O., Laureillard D., Lavie-Badie Y., Law A., Lawrence C., Lawrence T., Le M., Le Bihan C., Le Bris C., Le Falher G., Le Fevre L., Le Hingrat Q., Le Marechal M., Le Mestre S., Le Moal G., Le 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Mahieu R., Mahy S., Maia A.R., Maier L.S., Maillet M., Maitre T., Malfertheiner M., Malik N., Mallon P., Maltez F., Malvy D., Manda V., Mandei J.M., Mandelbrot L., Manetta F., Mangal K., Mankikian J., Manning E., Manuel A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque C., Marino D., Marino F., Markowicz S., Maroun Eid C., Marques A., Marquis C., Marsh B., Marsh L., Marshal M., Marshall J., Martelli C.T., Martin D.-A., Martin E., Martin-Blondel G., Martinelli A., Martin-Loeches I., Martinot M., Martin-Quiros A., Martins A., Martins J., Martins N., Martins Rego C., Martucci G., Martynenko O., Marwali E.M., Marzukie M., Masa Jimenez J.F., Maslove D., Mason P., Mason S., Masood S., Mat Nor B., Matan M., Mateus Fernandes H., Mathew M., Mathieu D., Mattei M., Matulevics R., Maulin L., Maxwell M., Maynar J., Mazzoni T., Mc Sweeney L., McAndrew L., McArthur C., McCarthy A., McCloskey C., McConnochie R., McDermott S., McDonald S.E., McElroy A., McElwee S., McEneany V., McEvoy N., McGeer A., McKay C., McKeown J., McLean K.A., McNally P., McNicholas B., McPartlan E., Meaney E., Mear-Passard C., Mechlin M., Meher M., Mehkri O., Mele F., Melo L., Memon K., Mendes J.J., Menkiti O., Menon K., Mentre F., Mentzer A.J., Mercier E., Mercier N., Merckx A., Mergeay-Fabre M., Mergler B., Merson L., Mesquita A., Metwally O., Meybeck A., Meyer D., Meynert A.M., Meysonnier V., Meziane A., Mezidi M., Michelagnoli G., Michelanglei C., Michelet I., Mihelis E., Mihnovit V., Miranda-Maldonado H., Misnan N.A., Mohamed N.N.E., Mohamed T.J., Moin A., Molina D., Molinos E., Molloy B., Mone M., Monteiro A., Montes C., Montrucchio G., Moore S., Moore S.C., Morales Cely L., Moro L., Morocho Tutillo D.R., Morton B., Motherway C., Motos A., Mouquet H., Mouton Perrot C., Moyet J., Mudara C., Mufti A.K., Muh N.Y., Muhamad D., Mullaert J., Muller F., Muller K.E., Munblit D., Muneeb S., Munir N., Munshi L., Murphy A., Murphy L., Murris M., Murthy S., Musaab H., Muyandy G., Myrodia D.M., N N., Nagpal D., Nagrebetsky A., Narasimhan M., Narayanan N., Nasim Khan R., Nazerali-Maitland A., Neant N., Neb H., Nekliudov N.A., Nelwan E., Neto R., Neumann E., Neves B., Ng P.Y., Nghi A., Nguyen D., Ni Choileain O., Ni Leathlobhair N., Nichol A., Nitayavardhana P., Nonas S., Noordin N.A.M., Noret M., Norharizam N.F.I., Norman L., Notari A., Noursadeghi M., Nowicka K., Nowinski A., Nseir S., Nunez J.I., Nurnaningsih N., Nyamankolly E., O Brien F., O'Callaghan A., Occhipinti G., OConnor D., O'Donnell M., Ogston T., Ogura T., Oh T.-H., O'Halloran S., O'Hearn K., Ohshimo S., Oldakowska A., Oliveira J., Oliveira L., Olliaro P.L., O'Neil C., Ong D.S.Y., Ong J.Y., Oosthuyzen W., Opavsky A., Openshaw P., Orakzai S., Orozco-Chamorro C.M., Orquera A., Ortoleva J., Osatnik J., O'Shea L., O'Sullivan M., Othman S.Z., Ouamara N., Ouissa R., Owyang C., Oziol E., Pabasara H.M.U., Pagadoy M., Pages J., Palacios A., Palacios M., Palmarini M., Panarello G., Panda P.K., Paneru H., Pang L.H., Panigada M., Pansu N., Papadopoulos A., 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G., Suen J.Y., Sukumar P., Sultana A., Summers C., Supic D., Suppiah D., Surovcova M., Suwarti S., Svistunov A.A., Syahrin S., Syrigos K., Sztajnbok J., Szuldrzynski K., Tabrizi S., Taccone F.S., Tagherset L., Taib S.M., Talarek E., Taleb S., Talsma J., Tampubolon M.L., Tan K.K., Tan L.V., Tan Y.C., Tanaka C., Tanaka H., Tanaka T., Taniguchi H., Tanveer H., Taqdees H., Taqi A., Tardivon C., Tattevin P., Taufik M.A., Tawfik H., Tedder R.S., Tee T.Y., Teixeira J., Tejada S., Tellier M.-C., Teoh S.K., Teotonio V., Teoule F., Terpstra P., Terrier O., Terzi N., Tessier-Grenier H., Tey A., Thabit A.A.M., Tham Z.D., Thangavelu S., Thibault V., Thiberville S.-D., Thill B., Thirumanickam J., Thompson S., Thomson D., Thomson E.C., Thurai S.R.T., Thuy D.B., Thwaites R.S., Tierney P., Tieroshyn V., Timashev P.S., Timsit J.-F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan B.K., Tissot N., Toh J.Z.Y., Toki M., Tolppa T., Tonby K., Tonnii S.L., Torres A., Torres M., Torres Santos-Olmo R.M., Torres-Zevallos H., Towers M., Trapani T., Traynor D., Treoux T., Trieu H.T., Tripathy S., Tromeur C., Trontzas I., Trouillon T., Truong J., Tual C., Tubiana S., Tuite H., Turmel J.-M., Turtle L.C.W., Tveita A., Twardowski P., Uchiyama M., Udayanga P.I., Udy A., Ullrich R., Umer Z., Uribe A., Usman A., Vajdovics C., Val-Flores L., Valle A.L., Valran A., Van de Velde S., van den Berge M., van der Feltz M., van der Valk P., Van Der Vekens N., Van der Voort P., Van Der Werf S., van Dyk M., van Gulik L., Van Hattem J., van Lelyveld S., van Netten C., Van Twillert G., van Veen I., Vanel N., Vanoverschelde H., Varghese P., Varrone M., Vasudayan S.R., Vauchy C., Vaughan H., Veeran S., Veislinger A., Vencken S., Ventura S., Verbon A., Vidal J.E., Vieira C., Vijayan D., Villanueva J.A., Villar J., Villeneuve P.-M., Villoldo A., Vinh Chau N.V., Visseaux B., Visser H., Vitiello C., Vonkeman H., Vuotto F., Wahab N.H., Wahab S.A., Wahid N.A., Wainstein M., Wan Muhd Shukeri W.F., Wang C.-H., Webb S.A., Wei J., Weil K., Wen 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A., Dantas, J., D'Aragon, F., de Boer, M., de Loughry, G., de Mendoza, D., De Montmollin, E., de Oliveira Franca, R. F., de Pinho Oliveira, A. I., De Rosa, R., de Silva, T., de Vries, P., Deacon, J., Dean, D., Debard, A., Debenedictis, B., Debray, M. -P., Decastro, N., Dechert, W., Deconninck, L., Decours, R., Defous, E., Delacroix, I., Delaveuve, E., Delavigne, K., Delfos, N. M., Deligiannis, I., Dell'Amore, A., Delmas, C., Delobel, P., Delsing, C., Demonchy, E., Denis, E., Deplanque, D., Depuydt, P., Desai, M., Descamps, D., Desvallee, M., Dewayanti, S., Diallo, A., Diamantis, S., Dias, A., Diaz, P., Diaz, R., Diaz Diaz, J. J., Didier, K., Diehl, J. -L., Dieperink, W., Dimet, J., Dinot, V., Diop, F., Diouf, A., Dishon, Y., Dixit, D., Djossou, F., Docherty, A. B., Doherty, H., Dondorp, A. M., Dong, A., Donnelly, C. A., Donnelly, M., Donohue, C., Donohue, S., Donohue, Y., Doran, C., Doran, P., Dorival, C., D'Ortenzio, E., Douglas, J. J., Douma, R., Dournon, N., Downer, T., Downey, J., Downing, M., Drake, T., Driscoll, A., Dryden, M., Duarte Fonseca, C., Dubee, V., Dubos, F., Ducancelle, A., Duculan, T., Dudman, S., Duggal, A., Dunand, P., Dunning, J., Duplaix, M., Durante-Mangoni, E., Durham III, L., Dussol, B., Duthoit, J., Duval, X., Dyrhol-Riise, A. M., Ean, S. C., Echeverria-Villalobos, M., Egan, S., Eira, C., El Sanharawi, M., Elapavaluru, S., Elharrar, B., Ellerbroek, J., Eloy, P., Elshazly, T., Elyazar, I., Enderle, I., Endo, T., Eng, C. C., Engelmann, I., Enouf, V., Epaulard, O., Escher, M., Esperatti, M., Esperou, H., Esposito-Farese, M., Estevao, J., Etienne, M., Ettalhaoui, N., Everding, A. G., Evers, M., Fabre, I., Fabre, M., Faheem, A., Fahy, A., Fairfield, C. J., Fakar, Z., Faria, P., Farooq, A., Farrar, J. J., Farshait, N., Fateena, H., Fatoni, A. Z., Faure, K., Favory, R., Fayed, M., Feely, N., Feeney, L., Fernandes, J., Fernandes, M., Fernandes, S., Ferrand, F. -X., Ferrand Devouge, E., Ferrao, J., Ferraz, M., Ferreira, B., Ferreira, S., Ferrer-Roca, R., Ferriere, N., Ficko, C., Figueiredo-Mello, C., Fiorda, J., Flament, T., Flateau, C., Fletcher, T., Florio, L. L., Flynn, B., Flynn, D., Foley, C., Foley, J., Fomin, V., Fonseca, T., Fontela, P., Forsyth, S., Foster, D., Foti, G., Fourn, E., Fowler, R. A., Fraher, D. M., Franch-Llasat, D., Fraser, C., Fraser, J. F., Freire, M. 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P., Kutsogiannis, D., Kutsyna, G., Kyriakoulis, K., Lachatre, M., Lacoste, M., Laffey, J. G., Lagrange, M., Laine, F., Lairez, O., Lakhey, S., Lalueza, A., Lambert, M., Lamontagne, F., Langelot-Richard, M., Langlois, V., Lantang, E. Y., Lanza, M., Laouenan, C., Laribi, S., Lariviere, D., Lasry, S., Latif, N., Launay, O., Laureillard, D., Lavie-Badie, Y., Law, A., Lawrence, C., Lawrence, T., Le, M., Le Bihan, C., Le Bris, C., Le Falher, G., Le Fevre, L., Le Hingrat, Q., Le Marechal, M., Le Mestre, S., Le Moal, G., Le Moing, V., Le Nagard, H., Le Turnier, P., Leal, E., Leal Santos, M., Lee, B. H., Lee, H. G., Lee, J., Lee, S. H., Lee, T. C., Lee, Y. L., Leeming, G., Lefebvre, B., Lefebvre, L., Lefevre, B., Legac, S., Lelievre, J. -D., Lellouche, F., Lemaignen, A., Lemee, V., Lemeur, A., Lemmink, G., Lene, H. S., Lennon, J., Leon, R., Leone, M., Lepiller, Q., Lescure, F. -X., Lesens, O., Lesouhaitier, M., Lester-Grant, A., Levy, B., Levy, Y., Levy-Marchal, C., Lewandowska, K., L'Her, E., Li Bassi, G., Liang, J., Liaquat, A., Liegeon, G., Lim, K. C., Lim, W. S., Lima, C., Lina, B., Lina, L., Lind, A., Lingas, G., Lion-Daolio, S., Lissauer, S., Liu, K., Livrozet, M., Lizotte, P., Loforte, A., Lolong, N., Loon, L. C., Lopes, D., Lopez-Colon, D., Loschner, A. L., Loubet, P., Loufti, B., Louis, G., Lourenco, S., Lovelace-Macon, L., Low, L. L., Lowik, M., Loy, J. S., Lucet, J. C., Lumbreras Bermejo, C., Luna, C. M., Lungu, O., Luong, L., Luque, N., Luton, D., Lwin, N., Lyons, R., Maasikas, O., Mabiala, O., Macdonald, S., Machado, M., Macheda, G., Macias Sanchez, J., Madhok, J., Maestro de la Calle, G., Mahieu, R., Mahy, S., Maia, A. R., Maier, L. S., Maillet, M., Maitre, T., Malfertheiner, M., Malik, N., Mallon, P., Maltez, F., Malvy, D., Manda, V., Mandei, J. M., Mandelbrot, L., Manetta, F., Mangal, K., Mankikian, J., Manning, E., Manuel, A., Maria Sant`Ana Malaque, C., Marino, D., Marino, F., Markowicz, S., Maroun Eid, C., Marques, A., Marquis, C., Marsh, B., Marsh, L., Marshal, M., Marshall, J., Martelli, C. T., Martin, D. -A., Martin, E., Martin-Blondel, G., Martinelli, A., Martin-Loeches, I., Martinot, M., Martin-Quiros, A., Martins, A., Martins, J., Martins, N., Martins Rego, C., Martucci, G., Martynenko, O., Marwali, E. M., Marzukie, M., Masa Jimenez, J. F., Maslove, D., Mason, P., Mason, S., Masood, S., Mat Nor, B., Matan, M., Mateus Fernandes, H., Mathew, M., Mathieu, D., Mattei, M., Matulevics, R., Maulin, L., Maxwell, M., Maynar, J., Mazzoni, T., Mc Sweeney, L., Mcandrew, L., Mcarthur, C., Mccarthy, A., Mccloskey, C., Mcconnochie, R., Mcdermott, S., Mcdonald, S. E., Mcelroy, A., Mcelwee, S., Mceneany, V., Mcevoy, N., Mcgeer, A., Mckay, C., Mckeown, J., Mclean, K. A., Mcnally, P., Mcnicholas, B., Mcpartlan, E., Meaney, E., Mear-Passard, C., Mechlin, M., Meher, M., Mehkri, O., Mele, F., Melo, L., Memon, K., Mendes, J. J., Menkiti, O., Menon, K., Mentre, F., Mentzer, A. J., Mercier, E., Mercier, N., Merckx, A., Mergeay-Fabre, M., Mergler, B., Merson, L., Mesquita, A., Metwally, O., Meybeck, A., Meyer, D., Meynert, A. M., Meysonnier, V., Meziane, A., Mezidi, M., Michelagnoli, G., Michelanglei, C., Michelet, I., Mihelis, E., Mihnovit, V., Miranda-Maldonado, H., Misnan, N. A., Mohamed, N. N. E., Mohamed, T. J., Moin, A., Molina, D., Molinos, E., Molloy, B., Mone, M., Monteiro, A., Montes, C., Montrucchio, G., Moore, S., Moore, S. C., Morales Cely, L., Moro, L., Morocho Tutillo, D. R., Morton, B., Motherway, C., Motos, A., Mouquet, H., Mouton Perrot, C., Moyet, J., Mudara, C., Mufti, A. K., Muh, N. Y., Muhamad, D., Mullaert, J., Muller, F., Muller, K. E., Munblit, D., Muneeb, S., Munir, N., Munshi, L., Murphy, A., Murphy, L., Murris, M., Murthy, S., Musaab, H., Muyandy, G., Myrodia, D. M., N, N., Nagpal, D., Nagrebetsky, A., Narasimhan, M., Narayanan, N., Nasim Khan, R., Nazerali-Maitland, A., Neant, N., Neb, H., Nekliudov, N. A., Nelwan, E., Neto, R., Neumann, E., Neves, B., Ng, P. Y., Nghi, A., Nguyen, D., Ni Choileain, O., Ni Leathlobhair, N., Nichol, A., Nitayavardhana, P., Nonas, S., Noordin, N. A. M., Noret, M., Norharizam, N. F. I., Norman, L., Notari, A., Noursadeghi, M., Nowicka, K., Nowinski, A., Nseir, S., Nunez, J. I., Nurnaningsih, N., Nyamankolly, E., O Brien, F., O'Callaghan, A., Occhipinti, G., Oconnor, D., O'Donnell, M., Ogston, T., Ogura, T., Oh, T. -H., O'Halloran, S., O'Hearn, K., Ohshimo, S., Oldakowska, A., Oliveira, J., Oliveira, L., Olliaro, P. L., O'Neil, C., Ong, D. S. Y., Ong, J. Y., Oosthuyzen, W., Opavsky, A., Openshaw, P., Orakzai, S., Orozco-Chamorro, C. M., Orquera, A., Ortoleva, J., Osatnik, J., O'Shea, L., O'Sullivan, M., Othman, S. Z., Ouamara, N., Ouissa, R., Owyang, C., Oziol, E., Pabasara, H. M. U., Pagadoy, M., Pages, J., Palacios, A., Palacios, M., Palmarini, M., Panarello, G., Panda, P. K., Paneru, H., Pang, L. H., Panigada, M., Pansu, N., Papadopoulos, A., Parke, R., Parker, M., Parra, B., Parrini, V., Pasha, T., Pasquier, J., Pastene, B., Patauner, F., Patel, J., Pathmanathan, M. D., Patrao, L., Patricio, P., Patrier, J., Patterson, L., Pattnaik, R., Paul, C., Paul, M., Paulos, J., Paxton, W. A., Payen, J. -F., Peariasamy, K., Pedrera Jimenez, M., Peek, G. J., Peelman, F., Peiffer-Smadja, N., Peigne, V., Pejkovska, M., Pelosi, P., Peltan, I. D., Pereira, R., Perez, D., Periel, L., Perpoint, T., Pesenti, A., Pestre, V., Petrou, L., Petrov-Sanchez, V., Pettersen, F. O., Peytavin, G., Pharand, S., Piagnerelli, M., Picard, W., Picone, O., de Piero, M., Pierobon, C., Piersma, D., Pimentel, C., Pinto, R., Pires, C., Pironneau, I., Piroth, L., Pius, R., Piva, S., Plantier, L., Plotkin, D., Png, H. S., Poissy, J., Pokeerbux, R., Pokorska-Spiewak, M., Poli, S., Pollakis, G., Ponscarme, D., Popielska, J., Post, A. -M., Postma, D. F., Povoa, P., Povoas, D., Powis, J., Prapa, S., Preau, S., Prebensen, C., Preiser, J. -C., Prinssen, A., Pritchard, M. G., Priyadarshani, G. D. D., Proenca, L., Pudota, S., Puechal, O., Pujo Semedi, B., Pulicken, M., Puntoni, M., Purcell, G., Quesada, L., Quinones-Cardona, V., Quiros Gonzalez, V., Quist-Paulsen, E., Quraishi, M., Rabaa, M., Rabaud, C., Rabindrarajan, E., Rafael, A., Rafiq, M., Ragazzo, G., Rahman, A. K. H. A., Rahman, R. A., Rahutullah, A., Rainieri, F., Rajahram, G. S., Rajapakse, N., Ralib, A., Ramakrishnan, N., Ramanathan, K., Ramli, A. A., Rammaert, B., Ramos, G. V., Rana, A., Rangappa, R., Ranjan, R., Rapp, C., Rashan, A., Rashan, T., Rasheed, G., Rasmin, M., Ratsep, I., Rau, C., Ravi, T., Raza, A., Real, A., Rebaudet, S., Redl, S., Reeve, B., Rehan, A., Rehman, A., Reid, L., Reikvam, D. H., Reis, R., Rello, J., Remppis, J., Remy, M., Ren, H., Renk, H., Resende, L., Resseguier, A. -S., Revest, M., Rewa, O., Reyes, L. F., Reyes, T., Ribeiro, M. I., Richardson, D., Richier, L., Ridzuan, S. N. A. A., Riera, J., Rios, A. L., Rishu, A., Rispal, P., Risso, K., Rivera Nunez, M. A., Rizer, N., Robb, D., Robba, C., Roberto, A., Roberts, S., Robertson, D. L., Robineau, O., Roche-Campo, F., Rodari, P., Rodeia, S., Rodriguez Abreu, J., Roessler, B., Roger, C., Roger, P. -M., Roilides, E., Rojek, A., Romaru, J., Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, R., Roriz, M., Rosa-Calatrava, M., Rose, M., Rosenberger, D., Rossanese, A., Rossetti, M., Rossignol, B., Rossignol, P., Rousset, S., Roy, C., Roze, B., Rusmawatiningtyas, D., Russell, C. D., Ryan, M., Ryckaert, S., Rygh Holten, A., Saba, I., Sadaf, S., Sadat, M., Sahraei, V., Saint-Gilles, M., Sakiyalak, P., Salahuddin, N., Salazar, L., Saleem, J., Sales, G., Sallaberry, S., Salmon Gandonniere, C., Salvator, H., Sanchez, O., Sanchez Choez, X., Sanchez de Oliveira, K., Sanchez-Miralles, A., Sancho-Shimizu, V., Sandhu, G., Sandhu, Z., Sandrine, P. -F., Sandulescu, O., Santos, M., Sarfo-Mensah, S., Sarmento Banheiro, B., Sarmiento, I. C. E., Sarton, B., Satyapriya, S., Satyawati, R., Saviciute, E., Savio, R., Savvidou, P., Saw, Y. T., Schaffer, J., Schermer, T., Scherpereel, A., Schneider, M., Schroll, S., Schwameis, M., Schwartz, G., Scott, J. T., Scott-Brown, J., Sedillot, N., Seitz, T., Selvanayagam, J., Selvarajoo, M., Semaille, C., Semple, M. G., Senian, R. B., Senneville, E., Sepulveda, C., Sequeira, F., Sequeira, T., Serpa Neto, A., Serrano Balazote, P., Shadowitz, E., Shahidan, S. A., Shahnaz Hasan, M., Shamsah, M., Shankar, A., Sharjeel, S., Sharma, P., Shaw, C. A., Shaw, V., Shi, H., Shiban, N., Shiekh, M., Shiga, T., Shime, N., Shimizu, H., Shimizu, K., Shimizu, N., Shindo, N., Shrapnel, S., Shum, H. P., Si Mohammed, N., Siang, N. Y., Sibiude, J., Siddiqui, A., Sigfrid, L., Sillaots, P., Silva, C., Silva, M. J., Silva, R., Sim Lim Heng, B., Sin, W. C., Singh, B. C., Singh, P., Sitompul, P. A., Sivam, K., Skogen, V., Smith, S., Smood, B., Smyth, C., Smyth, M., Snacken, M., So, D., Soh, T. V., Solis, M., Solomon, J., Solomon, T., Somers, E., Sommet, A., Song, M. J., Song, R., Song, T., Song Chia, J., Sonntagbauer, M., Soom, A. M., Sotto, A., Soum, E., Sousa, A. C., Sousa, M., Sousa Uva, M., Souza-Dantas, V., Sperry, A., Spinuzza, E., Sri Darshana, B. P. S. R., Sriskandan, S., Stabler, S., Staudinger, T., Stecher, S. -S., Steinsvik, T., Stienstra, Y., Stiksrud, B., Stolz, E., Stone, A., Streinu-Cercel, A., Strudwick, S., Stuart, A., Stuart, D., Subekti, D., Suen, G., Suen, J. Y., Sukumar, P., Sultana, A., Summers, C., Supic, D., Suppiah, D., Surovcova, M., Suwarti, S., Svistunov, A. A., Syahrin, S., Syrigos, K., Sztajnbok, J., Szuldrzynski, K., Tabrizi, S., Taccone, F. S., Tagherset, L., Taib, S. M., Talarek, E., Taleb, S., Talsma, J., Tampubolon, M. L., Tan, K. K., Tan, L. V., Tan, Y. C., Tanaka, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, T., Taniguchi, H., Tanveer, H., Taqdees, H., Taqi, A., Tardivon, C., Tattevin, P., Taufik, M. A., Tawfik, H., Tedder, R. S., Tee, T. Y., Teixeira, J., Tejada, S., Tellier, M. -C., Teoh, S. K., Teotonio, V., Teoule, F., Terpstra, P., Terrier, O., Terzi, N., Tessier-Grenier, H., Tey, A., Thabit, A. A. M., Tham, Z. D., Thangavelu, S., Thibault, V., Thiberville, S. -D., Thill, B., Thirumanickam, J., Thompson, S., Thomson, D., Thomson, E. C., Thurai, S. R. T., Thuy, D. B., Thwaites, R. S., Tierney, P., Tieroshyn, V., Timashev, P. S., Timsit, J. -F., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, B. K., Tissot, N., Toh, J. Z. Y., Toki, M., Tolppa, T., Tonby, K., Tonnii, S. L., Torres, A., Torres, M., Torres Santos-Olmo, R. M., Torres-Zevallos, H., Towers, M., Trapani, T., Traynor, D., Treoux, T., Trieu, H. T., Tripathy, S., Tromeur, C., Trontzas, I., Trouillon, T., Truong, J., Tual, C., Tubiana, S., Tuite, H., Turmel, J. -M., Turtle, L. C. W., Tveita, A., Twardowski, P., Uchiyama, M., Udayanga, P. I., Udy, A., Ullrich, R., Umer, Z., Uribe, A., Usman, A., Vajdovics, C., Val-Flores, L., Valle, A. L., Valran, A., Van de Velde, S., van den Berge, M., van der Feltz, M., van der Valk, P., Van Der Vekens, N., Van der Voort, P., Van Der Werf, S., van Dyk, M., van Gulik, L., Van Hattem, J., van Lelyveld, S., van Netten, C., Van Twillert, G., van Veen, I., Vanel, N., Vanoverschelde, H., Varghese, P., Varrone, M., Vasudayan, S. R., Vauchy, C., Vaughan, H., Veeran, S., Veislinger, A., Vencken, S., Ventura, S., Verbon, A., Vidal, J. E., Vieira, C., Vijayan, D., Villanueva, J. A., Villar, J., Villeneuve, P. -M., Villoldo, A., Vinh Chau, N. V., Visseaux, B., Visser, H., Vitiello, C., Vonkeman, H., Vuotto, F., Wahab, N. H., Wahab, S. A., Wahid, N. A., Wainstein, M., Wan Muhd Shukeri, W. F., Wang, C. -H., Webb, S. A., Wei, J., Weil, K., Wen, T. P., Wesselius, S., West, T. E., Wham, M., Whelan, B., White, N., Wicky, P. H., Wiedemann, A., Wijaya, S. O., Wille, K., Willems, S., Williams, V., Wils, E. -J., Wing Yiu, N., Wong, C., Wong, T. F., Wong, X. C., Wong, Y. S., Xian, G. E., Xian, L. S., Xuan, K. P., Xynogalas, I., Yacoub, S., Yakop, S. R. B. M., Yamazaki, M., Yazdanpanah, Y., Yee Liang Hing, N., Yelnik, C., Yeoh, C. H., Yerkovich, S., Yokoyama, T., Yonis, H., Yousif, O., Yuliarto, S., Zaaqoq, A., Zabbe, M., Zacharowski, K., Zahid, M., Zahran, M., Zaidan, N. Z. B., Zambon, M., Zambrano, M., Zanella, A., Zawadka, K., Zaynah, N., Zayyad, H., Zoufaly, A., Zucman, D., Intensive Care Medicine, and Group, The ISARIC Clinical Characterisation
Subjects: Biomedical Research, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical science, Global Health, Corrections, Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Pandemic, Economics, Humans, ISARIC Clinical Characterisation Group, Pandemics, COVID-19/epidemiology, Actuarial science, Information Dissemination, SARS-CoV-2, Comment, ISARIC, COVID-19, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Communicable Disease Control/methods, Infectious Diseases, Open source, Communicable Disease Control, Value (mathematics), Human
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021
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22. Neighborhood socioeconomic status is associated with differences in operative management and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting

Author: Jason J. Han, Matthew L. Williams, William L. Patrick, Amit Iyengar, John J. Kelly, Benjamin Smood, Fenton H. McCarthy, Markian Bojko, and Mark R. Helmers
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Hazard ratio, Context (language use), Odds ratio, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Revascularization, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Interquartile range, Internal medicine, Cardiology, medicine, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke, Artery
Abstract: Objective We sought to characterize differences in operative management and surgical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting associated with the socioeconomic context in which a patient lives. Methods We used a validated index of 17 variables derived from the US Census Bureau to assign socioeconomic status at the block group level to patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting at a single institution over a 16-year period. Operative mortality, stroke, renal failure, prolonged ventilation, sternal wound infection, reoperation, composite morbidity or mortality, long-term survival, and use of arterial conduits were the outcomes assessed. Results This study was composed of 6751 patients. Lower socioeconomic status was significantly associated with increased rates of stroke, renal failure, prolonged ventilation, and composite morbidity or mortality in a multivariable analysis. Low socioeconomic status was significantly associated with poorer long-term adjusted survival (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.55). Finally, lower socioeconomic status was significantly associated with decreased use of more than 1 arterial conduits in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions The socioeconomic context in which a patient lives is significantly associated with short- and long-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting. There may also be variation in operative management, demonstrated by decreased use of arterial conduits. Lower rates of arterial revascularization among socioeconomically disadvantaged patients who undergo coronary artery revascularization may provide a target for intervention.
Published: 2022
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23. Does supply meet demand? A comparison of perfusion strategies on cerebral metabolism in a neonatal swine model

Author: Christopher E. Mascio, J. William Gaynor, Mahima Davarajan, Constantine D. Mavroudis, Ryan W. Morgan, Jennifer M. Lynch, Benjamin Smood, Todd J. Kilbaugh, Lindsay E. Volk, Tiffany Ko, Timothy W. Boorady, and Daniel J. Licht
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Microdialysis, Swine, Article, law.invention, Oxygen Consumption, law, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Animals, Medicine, Humans, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, business.industry, Spectrum Analysis, Optical Imaging, Brain, Oxygenation, Hypothermia, Mitochondria, Oxygen, Perfusion, Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced, Animals, Newborn, Cerebral blood flow, Anesthesia, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Reperfusion, Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, Surgery, medicine.symptom, Reactive Oxygen Species, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the effects of selective antegrade cerebral perfusion compared with other perfusion strategies on indices of cerebral blood flow, oxygenation, cellular stress, and mitochondrial function. METHODS: One-week-old piglets (n = 41) were assigned to 5 treatment groups. Thirty-eight were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass. Of these, 30 were cooled to 18 °C and underwent deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (n = 10), underwent selective antegrade cerebral perfusion at 10 mL/kg/min (n = 10), or remained on continuous cardiopulmonary bypass (deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, n = 10) for 40 minutes. Other subjects remained on normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 8) or underwent sham surgery (n = 3). Novel, noninvasive optical measurements recorded cerebral blood flow, cerebral tissue oxyhemoglobin concentration, oxygen extraction fraction, total hemoglobin concentration, and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen. Invasive measurements of cerebral microdialysis and cerebral blood flow were recorded. Cerebral mitochondrial respiration and reactive oxygen species generation were assessed after the piglets were killed. RESULTS: During hypothermia, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest piglets experienced increases in oxygen extraction fraction (P < .001), indicating inadequate matching of oxygen supply and demand. Deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass had higher cerebral blood flow (P = .046), oxyhemoglobin concentration (P = .019), and total hemoglobin concentration (P = .070) than selective antegrade cerebral perfusion, indicating greater oxygen delivery. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest demonstrated worse mitochondrial function (P
Published: 2020

24. Abstract 17197: Donor Circumstance and Mechanism of Death: Evolving Effects on Heart Transplant Recipient Survival

Author: Marisa Cevasco, Benjamin Smood, William L. Patrick, John J. Kelly, Nimesh D. Desai, Mark R. Helmers, Amit Iyengar, Jason J. Han, and J. Trent Magruder
Subjects: Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Mechanism (biology), Physiology (medical), Medicine, Suicide rates, Heart transplant recipient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine
Abstract: Introduction: Since 2000, suicide rates have dramatically increased, while deaths from motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) have declined. Poisoning has surpassed MVAs as the leading cause of preventable death, largely due to the opioid epidemic. Analyses regarding the forensic pathology of donor death and heart transplant recipient outcomes are lacking. We sought to determine how donor mechanisms (e.g. drug intoxication, asphyxiation) and circumstances (e.g. suicide, MVA) of death have affected heart transplant outcomes over the last 20 years. Methods: The UNOS database was queried for all first-time isolated heart transplants occurring between January 2000 through March 2019. First-time recipients were included. Donor, recipient, and procurement variables were screened by univariable logistic analysis to identify potential independent predictors of survival with freedom from transplantation at 1 year after heart transplant. A final parsimonious multivariable regression model was created, including all causes, mechanisms and circumstances of donor death. The primary endpoint of analysis was survival with freedom from retransplantation at last follow-up. Analyses were conducted for 2000-19, and stratified by decade (2000-09 and 2010-19). Results: 34,373 patients met inclusion criteria. Median follow-up was 4.3 (IQR1.3-8.9) years. From 2000-19, death by suicide has had worse overall survival (HR 1.27; CI 1.1-1.5). A similar association is seen prior to 2010 (HR1.36; CI1.06-1.74). Since 2010, death by asphyxiation has been associated with improved survival (HR0.7; CI0.5-0.9). Death by MVA has become associated with early (i.e. 30-day) mortality (HR1.7; CI1.1-2.7), and worse survival among patients surviving 1-year after transplant. Donor death from drug intoxication has had no significant effect on recipient outcomes in the past 20 years. Conclusions: Since 2010, donors who died by MVA have worse early survival in heart transplant. Death by asphyxiation now appears to have a protective effect on overall survival. Suicide is no longer associated with poorer outcomes. Further study into how public health initiatives, policy, and epidemics effect transplant outcomes may improve donor selection and organ allocation in heart transplantation.
Published: 2020
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25. Abstract 13950: Predicted Heart Mass and BMI: Evaluating Undersized Heart Transplantation in Obese vs. Non-Obese Patients

Author: Samuel T. Kim, Mark R. Helmers, Pavan Atluri, Benjamin Smood, Edo Y. Birati, Peter J. Altshuler, Amit Iyengar, and Jason J. Han
Subjects: Heart transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiomyopathy, medicine.disease, Obesity, Transplantation, Non obese, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, Heart mass, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Introduction: Although guidelines for heart transplant currently recommend against donors weighing ≥ 30% less than the recipient, recent studies have shown that the detriment of under-sizing may not be as severe in obese recipients. Furthermore, predicted heart mass (PHM) has been shown to be more reliable for size matching compared to metrics such as weight and body surface area. In this study, we use PHM to characterize the effects of undersized heart transplantation (UHT) in obese vs. non-obese recipients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the UNOS database was performed for heart transplants from Jan. 1995 to Sep. 2020. Recipients were stratified by obese (BMI ≥ 30) and non-obese (30 > BMI ≥ 18.5). Undersized donors were defined as PHM ≥ 20% less than recipient PHM. Obese and non-obese populations separately underwent propensity score matching, and Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to graph survival. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analyses were used to adjust for confounders and estimate the hazard ratio for death attributable to under-sizing. Results: Overall, 50,722 heart transplants were included in the analysis. Propensity-score matching resulted in 2,214, and 1,011 well-matched pairs, respectively, for non-obese and obese populations. UHT in non-obese recipients resulted in similar 30-day mortality (5.7% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.38), but worse 15-year survival (38% vs. 35%, P = 0.04). In contrast, obese recipients with UHT saw similar 30-day mortality (6.4% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.45) and slightly increased 15-year survival (31% vs. 35%, P = 0.04). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that UHT resulted in an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.08 (95% CI 1.01 - 1.16) in non-obese recipients, and 0.87 (95% CI 0.78 - 0.98) in obese recipients. Conclusions: Non-obese patients with UHT saw worse long-term survival, while obese patients with UHT saw slightly increased survival. These findings may warrant reevaluation of the current size criteria for obese patients awaiting a heart.
Published: 2020
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26. Commentary: Fear of rejection: Acute cellular rejection after ventricular assist device placement

Author: Amit Iyengar, Benjamin Smood, and Pavan Atluri
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Graft Rejection, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Acute cellular rejection, MEDLINE, Fear, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, Ventricular Assist Device Placement, Heart Transplantation, Humans, Surgery, Heart-Assist Devices, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2020

27. Congenitally Corrected Transposition Presenting in the First Year of Life: Survival and Fate of the Systemic Right Ventricle

Author: Margaret Tresler, Walter H. Johnson, Benjamin Smood, David C. Cleveland, David C. Mauchley, Robert J. Dabal, Jozef Pavnica, and James K. Kirklin
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Transposition of Great Vessels, First year of life, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Humans, Medicine, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, General Medicine, United States, Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Congenitally corrected transposition, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Ventricle, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Life expectancy, Heart Transplantation, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Introduction: Knowledge gaps exist in the life expectancy and functional outcome of patients with congenitally corrected transposition (ccTGA) presenting early in life, which is relevant in the evaluation of early anatomic repair. Methods: In a single-center analysis, 91 patients with ccTGA were identified over 25 years, of which 31 presented with biventricular anatomy in the first year of life and formed the study cohort. End points for analysis included survival, moderate or worse tricuspid valve regurgitation, and systemic right ventricle (RV) dysfunction. Median follow-up was 4.9 years (range: 7 days to 20 years). Results: Among 31 patients presenting in the first year of life, 9 (29%) never received cardiac surgery, while 22 (71%) underwent 36 cardiac operations. Overall freedom from moderate or severe systemic RV dysfunction was 75% at 10 years. Overall survival was 82% at 10 years. Surgical mortality was 5.6% (2/36). Among survivors with a systemic RV, 23 (100%) of 23 were Ross or NYHA class I or II at last follow-up. Conclusions: Congenitally corrected transposition presenting in the first year of life and maintaining a systemic RV can expect (1) long-term survival of more than 80% at 10 years, (2) low expected surgical mortality (overall 6%), and (3) 75% late freedom from major RV dysfunction at 10 years. Pending multi-institutional analyses, this experience with a systemic RV in ccTGA provides an initial benchmark for comparison when considering early elective anatomic correction.
Published: 2019
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28. Mitral Valve Surgery in Pulmonary Hypertension Patients: Is Minimally Invasive Surgery Safe?

Author: Samuel T. Kim, John D. Kelly, Amit Iyengar, W. Clark Hargrove, Mark R. Helmers, Pavan Atluri, Benjamin Smood, Peter J. Altshuler, and Jason J. Han
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Heart Valve Diseases, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Aortic valve repair, Postoperative Complications, law, medicine.artery, Mitral valve, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Medicine, Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Propensity Score, Aged, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Cosmesis, Atrial fibrillation, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pulmonary hypertension, Sternotomy, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, 030228 respiratory system, Ventricular assist device, Pulmonary artery, Mitral Valve, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND Compared with conventional full sternotomy (FS) approaches, minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) offers improved cosmesis, decreased pain and bleeding, and faster recovery without compromising repair or survival rates. However, little is known about outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. METHODS Retrospective review was performed between 2002 and 2019 for all adult patients undergoing isolated mitral valve surgery. Patients with PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg) were stratified by FS or MIMVS, and nearest-neighbor propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 591 operations (317 MIMVS, 274 FS) met inclusion criteria during the study period. Nearest-neighbor propensity matching generated 112 well-matched pairs. Cardiopulmonary bypass (137 vs 89.5 minutes, P < .001), cross-clamp (102 vs 63 minutes, P < .001), and total operative times (241 vs 178.5 minutes, P < .001) were longer for the MIMVS group. Postoperatively, MIMVS was associated with shorter initial ventilator times (6 vs 9.6 hours, P < .001) and hospital lengths of stay (7 vs 8 days, P = .049), as well as blood product usage rates (26.8% vs 41.1%, P = .03). Survival at 30 days (0.0% vs 2.7%, P = .12) and 10 years (log-rank, P = .661) were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS MIMVS is safe in patients with PH and provides traditional benefits of minimally invasive surgery, including shorter initial ventilator times and hospital length of stay, without compromising on long-term survival.
Published: 2020

29. Epinephrine's effects on cerebrovascular and systemic hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Author: Vinay M. Nadkarni, Ryan W. Morgan, Timothy W. Boorady, Rui Xiao, Tiffany Ko, William P. Landis, Alexandra M. Marquez, Daniel J. Licht, Marco M. Hefti, Robert A. Berg, Michael Karlsson, Lindsay E. Volk, Constantine D. Mavroudis, Robert M. Sutton, Todd J. Kilbaugh, and Benjamin Smood
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Resuscitation, Letter, Epinephrine, Swine, medicine.medical_treatment, Blood Pressure, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Diffuse optical spectroscopy, Cerebral blood flow and metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Animals, Diffuse correlation spectroscopy, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Asphyxia, business.industry, Research, lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, Hemodynamics, Heart, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, lcsh:RC86-88.9, Oxygenation, Cerebral blood flow, medicine.disease, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Oxygen tension, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Disease Models, Animal, Ventricular fibrillation, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, Blood Gas Analysis, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Despite controversies, epinephrine remains a mainstay of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Recent animal studies have suggested that epinephrine may decrease cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral oxygenation, possibly potentiating neurological injury during CPR. We investigated the cerebrovascular effects of intravenous epinephrine in a swine model of pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest. The primary objectives of this study were to determine if (1) epinephrine doses have a significant acute effect on CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation during CPR and (2) if the effect of each subsequent dose of epinephrine differs significantly from that of the first. Methods One-month-old piglets (n = 20) underwent asphyxia for 7 min, ventricular fibrillation, and CPR for 10–20 min. Epinephrine (20 mcg/kg) was administered at 2, 6, 10, 14, and 18 min of CPR. Invasive (laser Doppler, brain tissue oxygen tension [PbtO2]) and noninvasive (diffuse correlation spectroscopy and diffuse optical spectroscopy) measurements of CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation were simultaneously recorded. Effects of subsequent epinephrine doses were compared to the first. Results With the first epinephrine dose during CPR, CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation increased by > 10%, as measured by each of the invasive and noninvasive measures (p p p Conclusions This model suggests that epinephrine increases CBF and cerebral tissue oxygenation, but that effects wane following the third dose. Noninvasive measurements of neurological health parameters hold promise for developing and directing resuscitation strategies.
Published: 2020

30. The Effect of Body Mass Index on Presentation of COVID-19 amongst Heart Transplant Recipients: A Multi-Institutional Study

Author: Sunit-Preet Chaudhry, Brian A. Houston, Supriya Shore, William L. Patrick, John D. Kelly, Pavan Atluri, Mark R. Helmers, Himabindu Vidula, Noah Moss, Esther Vorovich, Michael V. Genuardi, Edo Y. Birati, Ryan J. Tedford, E. Hsich, Benjamin Smood, Jason J. Han, Arman Kilic, Kevin M. Alexander, Samer S. Najjar, and Amit Iyengar
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Mechanical ventilation, (28), Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Secondary infection, Population, medicine.disease, Obesity, Intensive care unit, law.invention, Diarrhea, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Surgery, medicine.symptom, Presentation (obstetrics), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, education, Body mass index
Abstract: Purpose Characteristics and outcomes of heart transplant (HT) recipients who contract coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have been poorly described. The current study was undertaken to better understand the risk obesity may pose in this patient population Methods A prospectively-maintained Trans-CoV-VAD Registry containing HT recipients at 11 participating institutions who presented with SARS-CoV-2 were reviewed. Presenting characteristics, hospitalization rates, ventilator & intensive care unit usage, and mortality were queried. Patients were grouped by body mass index (BMI) into obese (BMI≥30 k/m2) and non-obese cohorts (BMI0.10) Conclusion Acute presentations of SARS-CoV-2 amongst HT recipients carry significantly higher mortality over the general population. Obesity appears to impact presenting symptoms and secondary infections, but does not strongly impact ICU requirements or mortality
Published: 2021

31. Integrated cardiothoracic surgery: Navigating interviews and the match

Author: Benjamin Smood, Jason J. Han, Stephanie Nguyen, and Abigail R. Benkert
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Career Choice, business.industry, Thoracic Surgery, medicine.disease, Education, Cardiothoracic surgery, Job Application, Medicine, Humans, Surgery, Medical emergency, Clinical Competence, Educational Measurement, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Personnel Selection
Published: 2020

32. Is the renal subcapsular space the preferred site for clinical porcine islet xenotransplantation? Review article

Author: David K. C. Cooper, Hidetaka Hara, Benjamin Smood, and Rita Bottino
Subjects: endocrine system, endocrine system diseases, Swine, medicine.medical_treatment, Xenotransplantation, Transplantation, Heterologous, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation, Bioinformatics, Kidney, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Porcine islets, Pancreatic islets, General Medicine, Islet, Review article, Transplantation, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Heterografts, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, business, Allotransplantation, Large animal
Abstract: It can reasonably be anticipated that, within 5–10 years, islet allotransplantation or pig islet xenotransplantation may be the preferred options for ß-cell replacement therapy. The portal vein/liver is currently the preferred clinical site for free islet transplantation, constituting 90% of clinical islet transplants. Despite being the site of choice for rodent and some large animal studies, the renal subcapsular space is rarely used clinically, even though the introduction of islets intraportally is not entirely satisfactory (particularly for pig islet xenotransplantation). We questioned why this might be so. Is it perhaps based on prior clinical evidence, or from experience in nonhuman primates? When we have questioned experts in the field, no definitive answers have been forthcoming. We have therefore reviewed the relevant literature, and still cannot find a convincing reason why the renal subcapsular space has been so relatively abandoned as a site for clinical islet transplantation. Owing to its sequestered environment, subcapsular transplantation might avoid some of the remaining challenges of intraportal transplantation. This may be particularly true when using pig islets for xenotransplantation, which are exceptionally pure in comparison to human islets used in auto- or allo-transplantation. With evidence from the literature, we question the notion that the subcapsular space is inhospitable to islet transplantation and suggest that, when porcine islet transplantation is introduced, this site should perhaps be reconsidered.
Published: 2019

33. The Effect of Body Mass Index on Outcomes among COVID-19 Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Multi-Institutional Study

Author: Supriya Shore, William L. Patrick, Kevin M. Alexander, Amit Iyengar, Sunit-Preet Chaudhry, Esther Vorovich, Mark Helmers, Michael V. Genuardi, Benjamin Smood, John J. Kelly, Arman Kilic, E. Hsich, Jason J. Han, Pavan Atluri, Himabindu Vidula, Edo Y. Birati, Brian A. Houston, Noah Moss, Samer S. Najjar, and Ryan J. Tedford
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Mechanical ventilation, Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, Logistic regression, Obesity, Intensive care unit, law.invention, Exact test, law, Internal medicine, (218), medicine, Intubation, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Purpose Infection with the Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is particularly dangerous for patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). Obesity is associated with worse outcomes among both LVAD and SARS-CoV-2 patients. This study evaluated the risk of obesity among LVAD patients who contracted SARS-CoV-2. Methods A prospectively maintained Trans-CoV-VAD Registry of LVAD patients from 11 institutions who presented with SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed. Two cohorts, 1) non-obese and 2) obese, were formed utilizing a body mass index (BMI) cutoff of 30 k/m2. Presenting characteristics, hospitalization rates, ventilator & intensive care unit usage, and mortality were compared. Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U-tests and multivariable logistic regression models were utilized. Results Across all centers, 46 LVAD patients contracted SARS-CoV-2 during the study period of whom 19 (41%) were obese. Time from LVAD implantation to infection was 2.4±2.5 years. Age and gender profiles were similar. Non-obese and obese patients had similar presenting symptoms, most commonly cough (52% vs 47%), fever (48% vs 37%), dyspnea (41% vs 47%) and fatigue (41% vs 37%). No difference in rates of hospital (70% vs 63%, p 0.8) and ICU admissions (26% vs 37%, p 0.3) was observed. Hospital (20.0±23.2 vs 17.1±14.2) and ICU length of stay were similar (16.2±26.1 vs. 13.9±13.1 days). Obese patients were more likely to require mechanical ventilation than non-obese patients (7% vs 26%, p0.10). Conclusion Among LVAD patients who contract SARS-CoV-2, obese patients appear to have higher risk of intubation, but did not experience increased ICU requirements or mortality.
Published: 2021

34. In Search of the Ideal Valve: Optimizing Genetic Modifications to Prevent Bioprosthetic Degeneration

Author: David K. C. Cooper, David C. Cleveland, Benjamin Smood, and Hidetaka Hara
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Graft Rejection, Xenotransplantation, medicine.medical_treatment, Transplantation, Heterologous, Heart Valve Diseases, Degeneration (medical), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Key terms, medicine, Animals, Humans, Prosthetic valve, Bioprosthesis, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation, business.industry, Extramural, Xenogeneic Antigens, Heart Valves, Genetically modified organism, Transplantation, 030228 respiratory system, Genetic Techniques, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Surgery, Tissue Preservation, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background Bioprosthetic heart valves undergo structural degeneration and calcification. Similarities exist in the histopathologic features of explanted bioprosthetic valves and rejected pig tissues and organs after xenotransplantation into nonhuman primates. The development of more durable bioprosthetic valves, namely from genetically modified pigs, could negate the need for the insertion of mechanical prostheses in children and young adults with the requirement for life-long anticoagulation and might avoid the need for reoperation in elderly patients. Methods We reviewed the literature (MedlinePlus, PubMed, Google Scholar) through September 1, 2018, under four key terms: (1) bioprosthetic heart valves, (2) xenograft antigens, (3) immunologic responses to bioprosthetic valves, and (4) genetic modification of xenografts. Results Advances in tissue and organ xenotransplantation have elucidated important immunologic barriers that provide innovative approaches to prevent structural degeneration of bioprosthetic heart valves. The current evidence suggests that bioprosthetic valves derived from genetically modified pigs lacking xenogeneic antigens (namely Gal, Neu5Gc, and Sda), termed triple-knockout pigs, would function considerably longer than current wild-type (genetically unmodified) porcine valves in human recipients. Conclusions Preclinical and clinical studies to determine the safety and efficacy of triple-knockout porcine bioprosthetic valves will likely establish that they are more resistant to human immune responses and thus less susceptible to structural degeneration.
Published: 2018

35. A Eulogy for Our Anatomical Donors

Author: Benjamin Smood
Subjects: Literature, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Eulogy, Art, business, media_common
Abstract: This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Each year the University of Alabama at Birmingham provides a memorial service for the families and loved ones of their anatomical donors. It is a ceremony of remembrance and gratitude, for those who dedicate themselves to the advancement of medicine. "A Eulogy for Our Donors" is an excerpt from a speech given by one of UAB's students to the families of Alabama donors, as a eulogy to their contributions, and exemplifying the importance and continued relevance of this learning tool in modern medical education.
Published: 2018
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36. ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

Author: Abbas, Ali, Abdukahil, Sheryl Ann, Abdulkadir, Nurul Najmee, Abe, Ryuzo, Abel, Laurent, Absil, Lara, Jabal, Kamal Abu, Zayyad, Hiba Abu, Acharya, Subhash, Acker, Andrew, Adachi, Shingo, Adam, Elisabeth, Adriano, Enrico, Adrião, Diana, Ageel, Saleh Al, Ahmed, Shakeel, Aiello, Marina, Ainscough, Kate, Airlangga, Eka, Aisa, Tharwat, Hssain, Ali Ait, Tamlihat, Younes Ait, Akimoto, Takako, Akmal, Ernita, Qasim, Eman Al, Al-dabbous, Tala, Al-Fares, Abdulrahman, Alalqam, Razi, Alberti, Angela, Alegesan, Senthilkumar, Alegre, Cynthia, Alessi, Marta, Alex, Beatrice, Alexandre, Kévin, Alfoudri, Huda, Ali, Adam, Ali, Imran, Shah, Naseem Ali, Sheikh, Naseem Ali, Alidjnou, Kazali Enagnon, Aliudin, Jeffrey, Alkhafajee, Qabas, Allavena, Clotilde, Allou, Nathalie, Altaf, Aneela, Alves, João, Alves, João Melo, Alves, Rita, Amaral, Maria, Amira, Nur, Ammerlaan, Heidi, Ampaw, Phoebe, Andini, Roberto, Andrejak, Claire, Angheben, Andrea, Angoulvant, François, Ansart, Séverine, Anthonidass, Sivanesen, Antonelli, Massimo, de Brito, Carlos Alexandre Antunes, Anwar, Kazi Rubayet, Apriyana, Ardiyan, Arabi, Yaseen, Aragao, Irene, Arancibia, Francisco, Araujo, Carolline, Arcadipane, Antonio, Archambault, Patrick, Arenz, Lukas, Arlet, Jean-Benoît, Arnold-Day, Christel, Aroca, Ana, Arora, Lovkesh, Arora, Rakesh, Artaud-Macari, Elise, Aryal, Diptesh, Asaki, Motohiro, Asensio, Angel, Ashley, Elizabeth, Ashraf, Muhammad, Asif, Namra, Asim, Mohammad, Assie, Jean Baptiste, Asyraf, Amirul, Atique, Anika, Attanyake, A. M. Udara Lakshan, Auchabie, Johann, Aumaitre, Hugues, Auvet, Adrien, Axelsen, Eyvind W., Azemar, Laurène, Azoulay, Cecile, Bach, Benjamin, Bachelet, Delphine, Badr, Claudine, Bævre-Jensen, Roar, Baig, Nadia, Baillie, J. Kenneth, Baird, J Kevin, Bak, Erica, Bakakos, Agamemnon, Bakar, Nazreen Abu, Bal, Andriy, Balakrishnan, Mohanaprasanth, Balan, Valeria, Bani-Sadr, Firouzé, Barbalho, Renata, Barbosa, Nicholas Yuri, Barclay, Wendy S., Barnett, Saef Umar, Barnikel, Michaela, Barrasa, Helena, Barrelet, Audrey, Barrigoto, Cleide, Bartoli, Marie, Bartone, Cheryl, Baruch, Joaquín, Bashir, Mustehan, Basmaci, Romain, Basri, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin, Battaglini, Denise, Bauer, Jules, Rincon, Diego Fernando Bautista, Dow, Denisse Bazan, Beane, Abigail, Bedossa, Alexandra, Bee, Ker Hong, Begum, Husna, Behilill, Sylvie, Beiruti, Karine, Beishuizen, Albertus, Beljantsev, Aleksandr, Bellemare, David, Beltrame, Anna, Beltrão, Beatriz Amorim, Beluze, Marine, Benech, Nicolas, Benjiman, Lionel Eric, Benkerrou, Dehbia, Bennett, Suzanne, Bento, Luís, Berdal, Jan-Erik, Bergeaud, Delphine, Bergin, Hazel, Sobrino, José Luis Bernal, Bertoli, Giulia, Bertolino, Lorenzo, Bessis, Simon, Betz, Adam, Bevilcaqua, Sybille, Bezulier, Karine, Bhatt, Amar, Bhavsar, Krishna, Bianchi, Isabella, Bianco, Claudia, Bidin, Farah Nadiah, Singh, Moirangthem Bikram, Bin Humaid, Felwa, Bin Kamarudin, Mohd Nazlin, Bissuel, François, Biston, Patrick, Bitker, Laurent, Bitton, Jonathan, Blanco-Schweizer, Pablo, Blier, Catherine, Bloos, Frank, Blot, Mathieu, Blumberg, Lucille, Boccia, Filomena, Bodenes, Laetitia, Bogaarts, Alice, Bogaert, Debby, Boivin, Anne-Hélène, Bolze, Pierre-Adrien, Bompart, François, Bonelli, Patrizia, Bonfasius, Aurelius, Borges, Diogo, Borie, Raphaël, Bosse, Hans Martin, Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth, Bouadma, Lila, Bouchaud, Olivier, Bouchez, Sabelline, Bouhmani, Dounia, Bouhour, Damien, Bouiller, Kévin, Bouillet, Laurence, Bouisse, Camile, Bounphiengsy, Thipsavanh, Bountthasavong, Latsaniphone, Boureau, Anne-Sophie, Bourke, John, Bouscambert, Maude, Bousquet, Aurore, Bouziotis, Jason, Boxma, Bianca, Boyer-Besseyre, Marielle, Boylan, Maria, Bozza, Fernando Augusto, Braconnier, Axelle, Braga, Cynthia, Brandenburger, Timo, Monteiro, Filipa Brás, Brazzi, Luca, Breen, Dorothy, Breen, Patrick, Brickell, Kathy, Browne, Alex, Browne, Shaunagh, Brozzi, Nicolas, Brunvoll, Sonja Hjellegjerde, Brusse-Keizer, Marjolein, Buchtele, Nina, Buesaquillo, Christian, Bugaeva, Polina, Buisson, Marielle, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burhan, Erlina, Burrell, Aidan, Bustos, Ingrid G., Butnaru, Denis, Cabie, André, Cabral, Susana, Caceres, Eder, Cadoz, Cyril, Callahan, Mia, Calligy, Kate, Calvache, Jose Andres, Caminiti, Caterina, Camões, João, Campana, Valentine, Campbell, Paul, Campisi, Josie, Canepa, Cecilia, Cantero, Mireia, Caraux-Paz, Pauline, Cárcel, Sheila, Cardellino, Chiara Simona, Cardoso, Filipa, Cardoso, Filipe, Cardoso, Nelson, Cardoso, Sofia, Carelli, Simone, Carlacci, Francesca, Carlier, Nicolas, Carmoi, Thierry, Carney, Gayle, Carqueja, Inês, Carret, Marie-Christine, Carrier, François Martin, Carroll, Ida, Carson, Gail, Carvalho, Leonor, Casanova, Maire-Laure, Cascão, Mariana, Casey, Siobhan, Casimiro, José, Cassandra, Bailey, Castañeda, Silvia, Castanheira, Nidyanara, Castor-Alexandre, Guylaine, Castrillón, Henry, Castro, Ivo, Catarino, Ana, Catherine, François-Xavier, Cattaneo, Paolo, Cavalin, Roberta, Cavalli, Giulio Giovanni, Cavayas, Alexandros, Ceccato, Adrian, Cervantes-Gonzalez, Minerva, Chair, Anissa, Chakveatze, Catherine, Chan, Adrienne, Chand, Meera, Auger, Christelle Chantalat, Chapplain, Jean-Marc, Chas, Julie, Chatterjee, Allegra, Chaudry, Mobin, Iñiguez, Jonathan Samuel Chávez, Chen, Anjellica, Chen, Yih-Sharng, Cheng, Matthew Pellan, Cheret, Antoine, Chetta, Alfredo Antonio, Chiarabini, Thibault, Chica, Julian, Chidambaram, Suresh Kumar, Tho, Leong Chin, Chirouze, Catherine, Chiumello, Davide, Cho, Hwa Jin, Cho, Sung-Min, Cholley, Bernard, Chommanam, Danoy, Chopin, Marie-Charlotte, Chow, Ting Soo, Chow, Yock Ping, Christy, Nathaniel, Chua, Hiu Jian, Chua, Jonathan, Cidade, Jose Pedro, Herreros, José Miguel Cisneros, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Ciullo, Anna, Clarke, Emma, Clarke, Jennifer, Granado, Rolando Claure-Del, Clohisey, Sara, Cobb, Perren J., Codan, Cassidy, Cody, Caitriona, Coelho, Alexandra, Coles, Megan, Colin, Gwenhaël, Collins, Michael, Colombo, Sebastiano Maria, Combs, Pamela, Connor, Marie, Conrad, Anne, Contreras, Sofía, Conway, Elaine, Cooke, Graham S., Copland, Mary, Cordel, Hugues, Corley, Amanda, Cornelis, Sabine, Cornet, Alexander Daniel, Corpuz, Arianne Joy, Cortegiani, Andrea, Corvaisier, Grégory, Costigan, Emma, Couffignal, Camille, Couffin-Cadiergues, Sandrine, Courtois, Roxane, Cousse, Stéphanie, Cregan, Rachel, D’Orleans, Charles Crepy, Croonen, Sabine, Crowl, Gloria, Crump, Jonathan, Cruz, Claudina, Berm, Juan Luis Cruz, Rojo, Jaime Cruz, Csete, Marc, Cucino, Alberto, Cullen, Ailbhe, Cummings, Matthew, Curley, Ger, Curley, Gerard, Curlier, Elodie, Curran, Colleen, Custodio, Paula, D’Amico, Federico, D’Aragon, Frédérick, D’Ortenzio, Eric, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Da Silveira, Charlene, Dabaliz, Al-Awwab, Dagens, Andrew, Dahl, John Arne, Dahly, Darren, Dalton, Heidi, Dalton, Jo, Daly, Seamus, Daneman, Nick, Daniel, Corinne, Dankwa, Emmanuelle A, Dantas, Jorge, de Boer, Mark, de Loughry, Gillian, de Mendoza, Diego, De Montmollin, Etienne, de Oliveira França, Rafael Freitas, Oliveira, Ana Isabel de Pinho, De Rosa, Rosanna, De Rose, Cristina, de Silva, Thushan, de Vries, Peter, Deacon, Jillian, Dean, David, Debard, Alexa, DeBenedictis, Bianca, Debray, Marie-Pierre, DeCastro, Nathalie, Dechert, William, Deconninck, Lauren, Decours, Romain, Defous, Eve, Delacroix, Isabelle, Delaveuve, Eric, Delavigne, Karen, Delfos, Nathalie M., Deligiannis, Ionna, Dell’Amore, Andrea, Delmas, Christelle, Delobel, Pierre, Delsing, Corine, Demonchy, Elisa, Denis, Emmanuelle, Deplanque, Dominique, Depuydt, Pieter, Desai, Mehul, Descamps, Diane, Desvallées, Mathilde, Dewayanti, Santi, Dhanger, Pathik, Diallo, Alpha, Diamantis, Sylvain, Dias, André, Dias, Andrea, Diaz, Juan Jose, Diaz, Priscila, Diaz, Rodrigo, Didier, Kévin, Diehl, Jean-Luc, Dieperink, Wim, Dimet, Jérôme, Dinot, Vincent, Diop, Fara, Diouf, Alphonsine, Dishon, Yael, Djossou, Félix, Docherty, Annemarie B., Doherty, Helen, Dondorp, Arjen M, Dong, Andy, Donnelly, Christl A., Donnelly, Maria, Donohue, Chloe, Donohue, Sean, Donohue, Yoann, Doran, Peter, Dorival, Céline, Douangdala, Phouvieng, Douglas, James Joshua, Douma, Renee, Dournon, Nathalie, Downer, Triona, Downey, Joanne, Downing, Mark, Drake, Tom, Driscoll, Aoife, Dror, Amiel A., Dryden, Murray, Fonseca, Claudio Duarte, Dubee, Vincent, Dubos, François, Dubot-Pérès, Audrey, Ducancelle, Alexandre, Duculan, Toni, Dudman, Susanne, Duggal, Abhijit, Dunand, Paul, Dunning, Jake, Duplaix, Mathilde, Durante-Mangoni, Emanuele, Durham III, Lucian, Dussol, Bertrand, Duthoit, Juliette, Duval, Xavier, Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Margarita, Ean, Sim Choon, Echeverria-Villalobos, Marco, Economopoulos, Giorgio, Edelstein, Michael, Egan, Siobhan, Eggesbø, Linn Margrete, Eira, Carla, El Sanharawi, Mohammed, Elapavaluru, Subbarao, Elharrar, Brigitte, Ellerbroek, Jacobien, Ellingjord-Dale, Merete, Eloy, Philippine, Elshazly, Tarek, Elyazar, Iqbal, Enderle, Isabelle, Endo, Tomoyuki, Eng, Chan Chee, Engelmann, Ilka, Enouf, Vincent, Epaulard, Olivier, Escher, Martina, Esperatti, Mariano, Esperou, Hélène, Esposito-Farese, Marina, Estevão, João, Etienne, Manuel, Ettalhaoui, Nadia, Everding, Anna Greti, Evers, Mirjam, Fabre, Isabelle, Fabre, Marc, Faheem, Amna, Fahy, Arabella, Fairfield, Cameron J., Fakar, Zul, Fareed, Komal, Faria, Pedro, Farooq, Ahmed, Fateena, Hanan, Fatoni, Arie Zainul, Faure, Karine, Favory, Raphaël, Fayed, Mohamed, Feely, Niamh, Feeney, Laura, Fernandes, Jorge, Fernandes, Marília Andreia, Fernandes, Susana, Ferrand, François-Xavier, Devouge, Eglantine Ferrand, Ferrão, Joana, Ferrari, Carlo, Ferraz, Mário, Ferreira, Benigno, Ferreira, Isabel, Ferreira, Sílvia, Ferrer-Roca, Ricard, Ferriere, Nicolas, Ficko, Céline, Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia, Finlayson, William, Fiorda, Juan, Flament, Thomas, Flateau, Clara, Fletcher, Tom, Florio, Letizia Lucia, Flynn, Brigid, Flynn, Deirdre, Fogliazza, Federica, Foley, Claire, Foley, Jean, Fomin, Victor, Fonseca, Tatiana, Fontela, Patricia, Forsyth, Simon, Foster, Denise, Foti, Giuseppe, Fourn, Erwan, Fowler, Robert A., Fraher, Marianne, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Fraser, Christophe, Fraser, John F, Freire, Marcela Vieira, Ribeiro, Ana Freitas, French, Craig, Friedrich, Caren, Fritz, Ricardo, Fry, Stéphanie, Fuentes, Nora, Fukuda, Masahiro, Argin, G, Gaborieau, Valérie, Gaci, Rostane, Gagliardi, Massimo, Gagnard, Jean-Charles, Gagné, Nathalie, Gagneux-Brunon, Amandine, Gaião, Sérgio, Skeie, Linda Gail, Gallagher, Phil, Curto, Elena Gallego, Gamble, Carrol, Gani, Yasmin, Garan, Arthur, Garcia, Rebekha, Barrio, Noelia García, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Garcia-Gallo, Esteban, Garimella, Navya, Garofalo, Federica, Garot, Denis, Garrait, Valérie, Gauli, Basanta, Gault, Nathalie, Gavin, Aisling, Gavrylov, Anatoliy, Gaymard, Alexandre, Gebauer, Johannes, Geraud, Eva, Morlaes, Louis Gerbaud, Germano, Nuno, Ghisulal, Praveen Kumar, Ghosn, Jade, Giani, Marco, Giaquinto, Carlo, Gibson, Jess, Gigante, Tristan, Gilg, Morgane, Gilroy, Elaine, Giordano, Guillermo, Girvan, Michelle, Gissot, Valérie, Gitaka, Jesse, Giwangkancana, Gezy, Glikman, Daniel, Glybochko, Petr, Gnall, Eric, Goco, Geraldine, Goehringer, François, Goepel, Siri, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Goh, Jin Yi, Golob, Jonathan, Gomes, Rui, Gomez, Kyle, Gómez-Junyent, Joan, Gominet, Marie, Gonçalves, Bronner P., Gonzalez, Alicia, Gordon, Patricia, Gorelik, Yanay, Gorenne, Isabelle, Goubert, Laure, Goujard, Cécile, Goulenok, Tiphaine, Grable, Margarite, Graf, Jeronimo, Grandin, Edward Wilson, Granier, Pascal, Grasselli, Giacomo, Grazioli, Lorenzo, Green, Christopher A., Greene, Courtney, Greenhalf, William, Greffe, Segolène, Grieco, Domenico Luca, Griffee, Matthew, Griffiths, Fiona, Grigoras, Ioana, Groenendijk, Albert, Lordemann, Anja Grosse, Gruner, Heidi, Gu, Yusing, Guarracino, Fabio, Guedj, Jérémie, Guego, Martin, Guellec, Dewi, Guerguerian, Anne-Marie, Guerreiro, Daniela, Guery, Romain, Guillaumot, Anne, Guilleminault, Laurent, de Castro, Maisa Guimarães, Guimard, Thomas, Haalboom, Marieke, Haber, Daniel, Habraken, Hannah, Hachemi, Ali, Hackmann, Amy, Hadri, Nadir, Haidri, Fakhir, Hakak, Sheeba, Hall, Adam, Hall, Matthew, Halpin, Sophie, Hameed, Jawad, Hamer, Ansley, Hamers, Raph L., Hamidfar, Rebecca, Hammarström, Bato, Hammond, Terese, Han, Lim Yuen, Haniffa, Rashan, Hao, Kok Wei, Hardwick, Hayley, Harrison, Ewen M., Harrison, Janet, Harrison, Samuel Bernard Ekow, Hartman, Alan, Hasan, Mohd Shahnaz, Hashmi, Junaid, Hashmi, Madiha, Hayes, Ailbhe, Hays, Leanne, Heerman, Jan, Heggelund, Lars, Hendry, Ross, Hennessy, Martina, Henriquez-Trujillo, Aquiles, Hentzien, Maxime, Hernandez-Montfort, Jaime, Herr, Daniel, Hershey, Andrew, Hesstvedt, Liv, Hidayah, Astarini, Higgins, Dawn, Higgins, Eibhilin, Hinchion, Rita, Hinton, Samuel, Hiraiwa, Hiroaki, Hirkani, Haider, Hitoto, Hikombo, Ho, Antonia, Ho, Yi Bin, Hoctin, Alexandre, Hoffmann, Isabelle, Hoh, Wei Han, Hoiting, Oscar, Holt, Rebecca, Holter, Jan Cato, Horby, Peter, Horcajada, Juan Pablo, Hoshino, Koji, Hoshino, Kota, Houas, Ikram, Hough, Catherine L., Houltham, Stuart, Hsu, Jimmy Ming-Yang, Hulot, Jean-Sébastien, Huo, Stella, Hussain, Iqbal, Ijaz, Samreen, Illes, Hajnal-Gabriela, Imbert, Patrick, Imran, Mohammad, Sikander, Rana Imran, Imtiaz, Aftab, Inácio, Hugo, Dominguez, Carmen Infante, Ing, Yun Sii, Iosifidis, Elias, Ippolito, Mariachiara, Isgett, Sarah, Isidoro, Tiago, Ismail, Nadiah, Isnard, Margaux, Istre, Mette Stausland, Itai, Junji, Ito, Asami, Ivulich, Daniel, Jaafar, Danielle, Jaafoura, Salma, Jabot, Julien, Jackson, Clare, Jamieson, Nina, Jaquet, Pierre, Jassat, Waasila, Jaud-Fischer, Coline, Jaureguiberry, Stéphane, Javidfar, Jeffrey, Jaworsky, Denise, Jego, Florence, Jelani, Anilawati Mat, Jenum, Synne, Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ruth, Joe, Ong Yiaw, García, Ruth N. Jorge, Jørgensen, Silje Bakken, Joseph, Cédric, Joseph, Mark, Joshi, Swosti, Jourdain, Mercé, Jouvet, Philippe, June, Jennifer, Jung, Anna, Jung, Hanna, Juzar, Dafsah, Kafif, Ouifiya, Kaguelidou, Florentia, Kaisbain, Neerusha, Kaleesvran, Thavamany, Kali, Sabina, Kalicinska, Alina, Kalleberg, Karl Trygve, Kalomoiri, Smaragdi, Kamaluddin, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi, Kamaruddin, Zul Amali Che, Kamarudin, Nadiah, Kamineni, Kavita, Kandamby, Darshana Hewa, Kandel, Chris, Kang, Kong Yeow, Kanwal, Darakhshan, Kanyawati, Dyah, Karpayah, Pratap, Karsies, Todd, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Kasugai, Daisuke, Kataria, Anant, Katz, Kevin, Kaur, Aasmine, Kawasaki, Tatsuya, Kay, Christy, Keane, Hannah, Keating, Seán, Kedia, Pulak, Kelly, Andrea, Kelly, Aoife, Kelly, Claire, Kelly, Niamh, Kelly, Sadie, Kelly, Yvelynne, Kelsey, Maeve, Kennedy, Ryan, Kennon, Kalynn, Keomany, Sommay, Kernan, Maeve, Kerroumi, Younes, Keshav, Sharma, Kestelyn, Evelyne, Khalid, Imrana, Khalid, Osama, Khalil, Antoine, Khan, Coralie, Khan, Irfan, Khan, Quratul Ain, Khanal, Sushil, Khatak, Abid, Khawaja, Amin, Kherajani, Krish, Kho, Michelle E., Khoo, Denisa, Khoo, Ryan, Khoo, Saye, Khoso, Nasir, Kiat, Khor How, Kida, Yuri, Kihuga, Harrison, Kiiza, Peter, Granerud, Beathe Kiland, Kildal, Anders Benjamin, Kim, Jae Burm, Kimmoun, Antoine, Kindgen-Milles, Detlef, King, Alexander, Kitamura, Nobuya, Kjetland, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland, Klenerman, Paul, Klont, Rob, Bekken, Gry Kloumann, Knight, Stephen R, Kobbe, Robin, Kodippily, Chamira, Vasconcelos, Malte Kohns, Koirala, Sabin, Komatsu, Mamoru, Korten, Volkan, Kosgei, Caroline, Kpangon, Arsène, Krawczyk, Karolina, Krishnan, Sudhir, Krishnan, Vinothini, Kruglova, Oksana, Kumar, Deepali, Kumar, Ganesh, Kumar, Mukesh, Vecham, Pavan Kumar, Kuriakose, Dinesh, Kurtzman, Ethan, Kusumastuti, Neurinda Permata, Kutsogiannis, Demetrios, Kutsyna, Galyna, Kyriakoulis, Konstantinos, L’Her, Erwan, Lachatre, Marie, Lacoste, Marie, Laffey, John G., Lagrange, Marie, Laine, Fabrice, Lairez, Olivier, Lakhey, Sanjay, Lalueza, Antonio, Lambert, Marc, Lamontagne, François, Langelot-Richard, Marie, Langlois, Vincent, Lantang, Eka Yudha, Lanza, Marina, Laouénan, Cédric, Laribi, Samira, Lariviere, Delphine, Lasry, Stéphane, Lath, Sakshi, Latif, Naveed, Launay, Odile, Laureillard, Didier, Lavie-Badie, Yoan, Law, Andrew, Law, Andy, Lawrence, Cassie, Lawrence, Teresa, Le, Minh, Le Bihan, Clément, Le Bris, Cyril, Le Falher, Georges, Le Fevre, Lucie, Le Hingrat, Quentin, Le Maréchal, Marion, Le Mestre, Soizic, Le Moal, Gwenaël, Le Moing, Vincent, Le Nagard, Hervé, Le Turnier, Paul, Leal, Ema, Santos, Marta Leal, Lee, Biing Horng, Lee, Heng Gee, Lee, James, Lee, Su Hwan, Lee, Todd C., Lee, Yi Lin, Leeming, Gary, Lefebvre, Bénédicte, Lefebvre, Laurent, Lefevre, Benjamin, LeGac, Sylvie, Lelievre, Jean-Daniel, Lellouche, François, Lemaignen, Adrien, Lemee, Véronique, Lemeur, Anthony, Lemmink, Gretchen, Lene, Ha Sha, Lennon, Jenny, León, Rafael, Leone, Marc, Leone, Michela, Lepiller, Quentin, Lescure, François-Xavier, Lesens, Olivier, Lesouhaitier, Mathieu, Lester-Grant, Amy, Letizia, Andrew, Levy, Bruno, Levy, Yves, Levy-Marchal, Claire, Lewandowska, Katarzyna, Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Liang, Janet, Liaquat, Ali, Liegeon, Geoffrey, Lim, Kah Chuan, Lim, Wei Shen, Lima, Chantre, Lina, Bruno, Lina, Lim, Lind, Andreas, Lingad, Maja Katherine, Lingas, Guillaume, Lion-Daolio, Sylvie, Lissauer, Samantha, Liu, Keibun, Livrozet, Marine, Lizotte, Patricia, Loforte, Antonio, Lolong, Navy, Loon, Leong Chee, Lopes, Diogo, Lopez-Colon, Dalia, Loschner, Anthony L., Loubet, Paul, Loufti, Bouchra, Louis, Guillame, Lourenco, Silvia, Lovelace-Macon, Lara, Low, Lee Lee, Lowik, Marije, Loy, Jia Shyi, Lucet, Jean Christophe, Bermejo, Carlos Lumbreras, Luna, Carlos M., Lungu, Olguta, Luong, Liem, Luque, Nestor, Luton, Dominique, Lwin, Nilar, Lyons, Ruth, Maasikas, Olavi, Mabiala, Oryane, MacDonald, Sarah, Machado, Moïse, Macheda, Gabriel, Sanchez, Juan Macias, Madhok, Jai, Madiha, Hashmi, de la Calle, Guillermo Maestro, Magara, Jacob, Maglietta, Giuseppe, Mahieu, Rafael, Mahy, Sophie, Maia, Ana Raquel, Maier, Lars S., Maillet, Mylène, Maitre, Thomas, Majori, Maria, Malfertheiner, Maximilian, Malik, Nadia, Mallon, Paddy, Maltez, Fernando, Malvy, Denis, Mammi, Patrizia, Manda, Victoria, Mandei, Jose M., Mandelbrot, Laurent, Manetta, Frank, Mankikian, Julie, Manning, Edmund, Manuel, Aldric, Malaque, Ceila Maria Sant’Ana, Marino, Daniel, Marino, Flávio, Markowicz, Samuel, Eid, Charbel Maroun, Marques, Ana, Marquis, Catherine, Marsh, Brian, Marsh, Laura, Marshal, Megan, Marshall, John, Martelli, Celina Turchi, Martin, Dori-Ann, Martin, Emily, Martin-Blondel, Guillaume, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Martin-Quiros, Alejandro, Martinelli, Alessandra, Martinot, Martin, Martins, Ana, Martins, João, Martins, Nuno, Rego, Caroline Martins, Martucci, Gennaro, Martynenko, Olga, Marwali, Eva Miranda, Marzukie, Marsilla, Jimenez, Juan Fernado Masa, Maslove, David, Mason, Phillip, Mason, Sabina, Masood, Sobia, Nor, Basri Mat, Matan, Moshe, Fernandes, Henrique Mateus, Mathew, Meghena, Mathieu, Daniel, Mattei, Mathieu, Matulevics, Romans, Maulin, Laurence, Maxwell, Michael, Maynar, Javier, Mayxay, Mayfong, Mazzoni, Thierry, Mc Evoy, Natalie, Mc Sweeney, Lisa, McArthur, Colin, McCarthy, Aine, McCarthy, Anne, McCloskey, Colin, McConnochie, Rachael, McDermott, Sherry, McDonald, Sarah E., McElroy, Aine, McElwee, Samuel, McEneany, Victoria, McGeer, Allison, McKay, Chris, McKeown, Johnny, McLean, Kenneth A., McNally, Paul, McNicholas, Bairbre, McPartlan, Elaine, Meaney, Edel, Mear-Passard, Cécile, Mechlin, Maggie, Meher, Maqsood, Mehkri, Omar, Mele, Ferruccio, Melo, Luis, Memon, Kashif, Mendes, Joao, Menkiti, Ogechukwu, Menon, Kusum, Mentré, France, Mentzer, Alexander J., Mercier, Emmanuelle, Mercier, Noémie, Merckx, Antoine, Mergeay-Fabre, Mayka, Mergler, Blake, Merson, Laura, Meschi, Tiziana, Mesquita, António, Meta, Roberta, Metwally, Osama, Meybeck, Agnès, Meyer, Dan, Meynert, Alison M., Meysonnier, Vanina, Meziane, Amina, Mezidi, Mehdi, Michelagnoli, Giuliano, Michelanglei, Céline, Michelet, Isabelle, Mihelis, Efstathia, Mihnovit, Vladislav, Miranda-Maldonado, Hugo, Misnan, Nor Arisah, Mohamed, Nik Nur Eliza, Mohamed, Tahira Jamal, Moin, Asma, Molina, David, Molinos, Elena, Molloy, Brenda, Mone, Mary, Monteiro, Agostinho, Montes, Claudia, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Moore, Sarah, Moore, Shona C., Cely, Lina Morales, Moro, Lucia, Tutillo, Diego Rolando Morocho, Morton, Ben, Motherway, Catherine, Motos, Ana, Mouquet, Hugo, Perrot, Clara Mouton, Moyet, Julien, Mudara, Caroline, Mufti, Aisha Kalsoom, Muh, Ng Yong, Muhamad, Dzawani, Mullaert, Jimmy, Müller, Fredrik, Müller, Karl Erik, Munblit, Daniel, Muneeb, Syed, Munir, Nadeem, Munshi, Laveena, Murphy, Aisling, Murphy, Lorna, Murris, Marlène, Murthy, Srinivas, Musaab, Himed, Mutti, Carlotta, Muvindi, Himasha, Muyandy, Gugapriyaa, Myrodia, Dimitra Melia, Mohd-Hanafiah, Farah Nadia, Nagpal, Dave, Narasimhan, Mangala, Narayanan, Nageswaran, Khan, Rashid Nasim, Nazerali-Maitland, Alasdair, Neant, Nadège, Neb, Holger, Necsoi, Coca, Nekliudov, Nikita A., Nelwan, Erni, Neto, Raul, Neumann, Emily, Neves, Bernardo, Ng, Pauline Yeung, Ng, Wing Yiu, Nghi, Anthony, Ngure, Jane, Nguyen, Duc, Choileain, Orna Ni, Leathlobhair, Niamh Ni, Nichol, Alistair, Nitayavardhana, Prompak, Nonas, Stephanie, Noordin, Nurul Amani Mohd, Noret, Marion, Norharizam, Nurul Faten Izzati, Norman, Lisa, Notari, Alessandra, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Nowicka, Karolina, Nowinski, Adam, Nseir, Saad, Nunez, Jose I., Nurnaningsih, Nurnaningsih, Nusantara, Dwi Utomo, Nyamankolly, Elsa, Nygaard, Anders Benteson, Brien, Fionnuala O., Callaghan, Annmarie O., O’Callaghan, Annmarie, O’Donnell, Max, O’Halloran, Sophie, O’Hearn, Katie, O’Neil, Conar, O’Shea, Linda, O’Sullivan, Miriam, Occhipinti, Giovanna, OConnor, Derbrenn, Ogston, Tawnya, Ogura, Takayuki, Oh, Tak-Hyuk, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Oldakowska, Agnieszka, Oliveira, João, Oliveira, Larissa, Olliaro, Piero L., Ong, David S. Y., Ong, Jee Yan, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Opavsky, Anne, Openshaw, Peter, Orakzai, Saijad, Orozco-Chamorro, Claudia Milena, Orquera, Andrés, Ortoleva, Jamel, Osatnik, Javier, Othman, Siti Zubaidah, Otiku, Paul, Ouamara, Nadia, Ouissa, Rachida, Owyang, Clark, Oziol, Eric, Pagadoy, Maïder, Pages, Justine, Palacios, Amanda, Palacios, Mario, Palmarini, Massimo, Panarello, Giovanna, Panda, Prasan Kumar, Paneru, Hem, Pang, Lai Hui, Panigada, Mauro, Pansu, Nathalie, Papadopoulos, Aurélie, Parducci, Paolo, Oña, Edwin Fernando Paredes, Parke, Rachael, Parker, Melissa, Parra, Briseida, Parrini, Vieri, Pasha, Taha, Pasquier, Jérémie, Pastene, Bruno, Patauner, Fabian, Patel, Drashti, Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass, Patrão, Luís, Patricio, Patricia, Patrier, Juliette, Patrizi, Laura, Patterson, Lisa, Pattnaik, Rajyabardhan, Paul, Christelle, Paul, Mical, Paulos, Jorge, Paxton, William A., Payen, Jean-François, Peariasamy, Kalaiarasu, Jiménez, Miguel Pedrera, Peek, Giles J., Peelman, Florent, Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan, Peigne, Vincent, Pejkovska, Mare, Pelosi, Paolo, Peltan, Ithan D., Pereira, Rui, Perez, Daniel, Periel, Luis, Perpoint, Thomas, Pesenti, Antonio, Pestre, Vincent, Petrou, Lenka, Petrov-Sanchez, Ventzislava, Petrovic, Michele, Pettersen, Frank Olav, Peytavin, Gilles, Pharand, Scott, Phonemixay, Ooyanong, Piagnerelli, Michael, Picard, Walter, Picone, Olivier, de Piero, Maria, Pierobon, Carola, Piersma, Djura, Pimentel, Carlos, Pinto, Raquel, Pires, Catarina, Pironneau, Isabelle, Piroth, Lionel, Pisi, Roberta, Pitaloka, Ayodhia, Pius, Riinu, Piva, Simone, Plantier, Laurent, Png, Hon Shen, Poissy, Julien, Pokeerbux, Ryadh, Pokorska-Spiewak, Maria, Poli, Sergio, Pollakis, Georgios, Ponscarme, Diane, Popielska, Jolanta, Porto, Diego Bastos, Post, Andra-Maris, Postma, Douwe F., Povoa, Pedro, Póvoas, Diana, Powis, Jeff, Prapa, Sofia, Praphasiri, Viladeth, Preau, Sébastien, Prebensen, Christian, Preiser, Jean-Charles, Prinssen, Anton, Pritchard, Mark G., Priyadarshani, Gamage Dona Dilanthi, Proença, Lucia, Pudota, Sravya, Puéchal, Oriane, Semedi, Bambang Pujo, Pulicken, Mathew, Puntoni, Matteo, Purcell, Gregory, Quesada, Luisa, Quinones-Cardona, Vilmaris, González, Víctor Quirós, Quist-Paulsen, Else, Quraishi, Mohammed, Rabaa, Maia, Rabaud, Christian, Rabindrarajan, Ebenezer, Rafael, Aldo, Rafiq, Marie, Ragazzo, Gabrielle, Rahardjani, Mutia, Ab Rahman, Ahmad Kashfi Haji, Rahman, Rozanah Abd, Rahutullah, Arsalan, Rainieri, Fernando, Rajahram, Giri Shan, Ramachandran, Pratheema, Ramakrishnan, Nagarajan, Ramanathan, Kollengode, Ramli, Ahmad Afiq, Rammaert, Blandine, Ramos, Grazielle Viana, Rampello, Anais, Rana, Asim, Rangappa, Rajavardhan, Ranjan, Ritika, Ranza, Elena, Rapp, Christophe, Rashan, Aasiyah, Rashan, Thalha, Rasheed, Ghulam, Rasmin, Menaldi, Rätsep, Indrek, Rau, Cornelius, Rausa, Francesco, Ravi, Tharmini, Raza, Ali, Real, Andre, Rebaudet, Stanislas, Redl, Sarah, Reeve, Brenda, Rehman, Attaur, Reid, Liadain, Reikvam, Dag Henrik, Reis, Renato, Rello, Jordi, Remppis, Jonathan, Remy, Martine, Ren, Hongru, Renk, Hanna, Resseguier, Anne-Sophie, Revest, Matthieu, Rewa, Oleksa, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Reyes, Tiago, Ribeiro, Maria Ines, Ricchiuto, Antonia, Richardson, David, Richardson, Denise, Richier, Laurent, Ridzuan, Siti Nurul Atikah Ahmad, Riera, Jordi, Rios, Ana L., Rishu, Asgar, Rispal, Patrick, Risso, Karine, Nuñez, Maria Angelica Rivera, Rizer, Nicholas, Robba, Chiara, Roberto, André, Roberts, Stephanie, Robertson, David L., Robineau, Olivier, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Rodari, Paola, Rodeia, Simão, Abreu, Julia Rodriguez, Roessler, Bernhard, Roger, Claire, Roger, Pierre-Marie, Roilides, Emmanuel, Rojek, Amanda, Romaru, Juliette, Roncon-Albuquerque Jr, Roberto, Roriz, Mélanie, Rosa-Calatrava, Manuel, Rose, Michael, Rosenberger, Dorothea, Roslan, Nurul Hidayah Mohammad, Rossanese, Andrea, Rossetti, Matteo, Rossi, Sandra, Rossignol, Bénédicte, Rossignol, Patrick, Rousset, Stella, Roy, Carine, Roze, Benoît, Rusmawatiningtyas, Desy, Russell, Clark D., Ryan, Maeve, Ryan, Maria, Ryckaert, Mazankowski Heart Institute, Ryckaert, Steffi, Holten, Aleksander Rygh, Saba, Isabela, Sacchelli, Luca, Sadaf, Sairah, Sadat, Musharaf, Sahraei, Valla, Saidani, Nadia, Saint-Gilles, Maximilien, Sakiyalak, Pranya, Salahuddin, Nawal, Salazar, Leonardo, Saleem, Jodat, Saleh, Nazal, Sales, Gabriele, Sallaberry, Stéphane, Gandonniere, Charlotte Salmon, Salvator, Hélène, Sanchez, Olivier, Choez, Xavier Sánchez, de Oliveira, Kizy Sanchez, Sanchez-Miralles, Angel, Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Sandhu, Gyan, Sandhu, Zulfiqar, Sandrine, Pierre-François, Sandulescu, Oana, Santos, Marlene, Sarfo-Mensah, Shirley, Banheiro, Bruno Sarmento, Sarmiento, Iam Claire E., Sarton, Benjamine, Satya, Ankana, Satyapriya, Sree, Satyawati, Rumaisah, Saviciute, Egle, Savvidou, Parthena, Saw, Yen Tsen, Schaffer, Justin, Schermer, Tjard, Scherpereel, Arnaud, Schneider, Marion, Schroll, Stephan, Schwameis, Michael, Schwartz, Gary, Scott, Janet T., Scott-Brown, James, Sedillot, Nicholas, Seitz, Tamara, Selvanayagam, Jaganathan, Selvarajoo, Mageswari, Semaille, Caroline, Semple, Malcolm G., Senian, Rasidah Bt, Senneville, Eric, Sepulveda, Claudia, Sequeira, Filipa, Sequeira, Tânia, Neto, Ary Serpa, Balazote, Pablo Serrano, Shadowitz, Ellen, Shahidan, Syamin Asyraf, Shamsah, Mohammad, Shankar, Anuraj, Sharjeel, Shaikh, Sharma, Pratima, Shaw, Catherine A., Shaw, Victoria, Sheharyar, Ashraf, Shetty, Dr. Rajesh Mohan, Shetty, Rohan, Shi, Haixia, Shiban, Nisreen, Shiekh, Mohiuddin, Shiga, Takuya, Shime, Nobuaki, Shimizu, Hiroaki, Shimizu, Keiki, Shimizu, Naoki, Shrapnel, Sally, Shrestha, Pramesh Sundar, Shrestha, Shubha Kalyan, Shum, Hoi Ping, Mohammed, Nassima Si, Siang, Ng Yong, Sibiude, Jeanne, Sibounheuang, Bountoy, Siddiqui, Atif, Sigfrid, Louise, Sillaots, Piret, Silva, Catarina, Silva, Maria Joao, Silva, Rogério, Heng, Benedict Sim Lim, Sin, Wai Ching, Sinatti, Dario, Singh, Budha Charan, Singh, Punam, Sitompul, Pompini Agustina, Sivam, Karisha, Skogen, Vegard, Smith, Sue, Smood, Benjamin, Smyth, Coilin, Smyth, Michelle, Snacken, Morgane, So, Dominic, Soh, Tze Vee, Solberg, Lene Bergendal, Solomon, Joshua, Solomon, Tom, Somers, Emily, Sommet, Agnès, Song, Myung Jin, Song, Rima, Song, Tae, Chia, Jack Song, Sonntagbauer, Michael, Soom, Azlan Mat, Søraas, Arne, Søraas, Camilla Lund, Sotto, Alberto, Soum, Edouard, Sousa, Ana Chora, Sousa, Marta, Uva, Maria Sousa, Souza-Dantas, Vicente, Sperry, Alexandra, Spinuzza, Elisabetta, Darshana, B. P. Sanka Ruwan Sri, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stabler, Sarah, Staudinger, Thomas, Stecher, Stephanie-Susanne, Steinsvik, Trude, Stienstra, Ymkje, Stiksrud, Birgitte, Stolz, Eva, Stone, Amy, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Streinu-Cercel, Anca, Strudwick, Samantha, Stuart, Ami, Stuart, David, Subekti, Decy, Suen, Gabriel, Suen, Jacky Y., Sultana, Asfia, Summers, Charlotte, Supic, Dubravka, Suppiah, Deepashankari, Surovcová, Magdalena, Suwarti, Suwarti, Svistunov, Andrey A., Syahrin, Sarah, Syrigos, Konstantinos, Sztajnbok, Jaques, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty, Tabrizi, Shirin, Taccone, Fabio S., Tagherset, Lysa, Taib, Shahdattul Mawarni, Talarek, Ewa, Taleb, Sara, Talsma, Jelmer, Tamisier, Renaud, Tampubolon, Maria Lawrensia, Tan, Kim Keat, Tan, Le Van, Tan, Yan Chyi, Tanaka, Clarice, Tanaka, Hiroyuki, Tanaka, Taku, Taniguchi, Hayato, Taqdees, Huda, Taqi, Arshad, Tardivon, Coralie, Tattevin, Pierre, Taufik, M Azhari, Tawfik, Hassan, Tedder, Richard S., Tee, Tze Yuan, Teixeira, João, Tejada, Sofia, Tellier, Marie-Capucine, Teoh, Sze Kye, Teotonio, Vanessa, Téoulé, François, Terpstra, Pleun, Terrier, Olivier, Terzi, Nicolas, Tessier-Grenier, Hubert, Tey, Adrian, Thabit, Alif Adlan Mohd, Thakur, Anand, Tham, Zhang Duan, Thangavelu, Suvintheran, Thibault, Vincent, Thiberville, Simon-Djamel, Thill, Benoît, Thirumanickam, Jananee, Thompson, Shaun, Thomson, David, Thomson, Emma C., Thurai, Surain Raaj Thanga, Thuy, Duong Bich, Thwaites, Ryan S., Ticinesi, Andrea, Tierney, Paul, Tieroshyn, Vadim, Timashev, Peter S., Timsit, Jean-François, Vijayaraghavan, Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi, Tissot, Noémie, Toh, Jordan Zhien Yang, Toki, Maria, Tonby, Kristian, Tonnii, Sia Loong, Torres, Antoni, Torres, Margarida, Santos-Olmo, Rosario Maria Torres, Torres-Zevallos, Hernando, Towers, Michael, Trapani, Tony, Treoux, Théo, Trieu, Huynh Trung, Tromeur, Cécile, Trontzas, Ioannis, Trouillon, Tiffany, Truong, Jeanne, Tual, Christelle, Tubiana, Sarah, Tuite, Helen, Turmel, Jean-Marie, Turtle, Lance C. W., Tveita, Anders, Twardowski, Pawel, Uchiyama, Makoto, Udayanga, P G Ishara, Udy, Andrew, Ullrich, Roman, Uribe, Alberto, Usman, Asad, Uyeki, Timothy M., Vajdovics, Cristinava, Val-Flores, Luís, Valentini, Piero, Valle, Ana Luiza, Valran, Amélie, Valzano, Ilaria, Van de Velde, Stijn, van den Berge, Marcel, Van der Feltz, Machteld, van der Palen, Job, van der Valk, Paul, Van Der Vekens, Nicky, Van der Voort, Peter, Van Der Werf, Sylvie, van Dyk, Marlice, van Gulik, Laura, Van Hattem, Jarne, van Netten, Carolien, Van Twillert, Gitte, van Veen, Ilonka, Vanel, Noémie, Vanoverschelde, Henk, Varghese, Pooja, Varrone, Michael, Vasudayan, Shoban Raj, Vauchy, Charline, Veeran, Shaminee, Veislinger, Aurélie, Vencken, Sebastian, Ventura, Sara, Verbon, Annelies, Vickers, James, Vidal, José Ernesto, Vieira, César, Vijayan, Deepak, Villanueva, Joy Ann, Villar, Judit, Villeneuve, Pierre-Marc, Villoldo, Andrea, Van Vinh Chau, Nguyen, Vishwanathan, Gayatri, Visseaux, Benoit, Visser, Hannah, Vitiello, Chiara, Vongsouvath, Manivanh, Vonkeman, Harald, Vuotto, Fanny, Wahab, Noor Hidayu, Wahab, Suhaila Abdul, Wahid, Nadirah Abdul, Wainstein, Marina, Shukeri, Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd, Wang, Chih-Hsien, Webb, Steve, Wei, Jia, Weil, Katharina, Wen, Tan Pei, Wesselius, Sanne, West, T. Eoin, Wham, Murray, Whelan, Bryan, White, Nicole, Wicky, Paul Henri, Wiedemann, Aurélie, Wijaya, Surya Otto, Wille, Keith, Willems, Suzette, Williams, Virginie, Wils, Evert-Jan, Wong, Calvin, Wong, Teck Fung, Wong, Xin Ci, Wong, Yew Sing, Wright, Natalie, Xian, Gan Ee, Xian, Lim Saio, Xuan, Kuan Pei, Xynogalas, Ioannis, Yacoub, Sophie, Yakop, Siti Rohani Binti Mohd, Yamazaki, Masaki, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Hing, Nicholas Yee Liang, Yelnik, Cécile, Yeoh, Chian Hui, Yerkovich, Stephanie, Yiaye, Touxiong, Yokoyama, Toshiki, Yonis, Hodane, Yousif, Obada, Yuliarto, Saptadi, Zaaqoq, Akram, Zabbe, Marion, Zacharowski, Kai, Zahid, Masliza, Zahran, Maram, Zaidan, Nor Zaila Binti, Zambon, Maria, Zambrano, Miguel, Zanella, Alberto, Zawadka, Konrad, Zaynah, Nurul, Zayyad, Hiba, Zoufaly, Alexander, Zucman, David, Fryer, Daniel Vidali, Duque, Sara, Fuentes, Yuli V., Baruch, Joaquin, Beane, Abi, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National de Référence des virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe) - National Reference Center Virus Influenzae [Paris] (CNR - laboratoire coordonnateur), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of La Sabana = Universitad de la Sabana, University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Oxford, The investigators acknowledge: This work is part of the Grand Challenges ICODA pilot initiative, delivered by Health Data Research UK and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Minderoo Foundation. The philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund, UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome [215091/Z/18/Z and 220757/Z/20/Z], the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1209135], the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR, award CO-CIN-01), the Medical Research Council (MRC, grant MC_PC_19059), the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE)(award 200907), NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award 200927), Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant C18616/A25153), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award IS-BRC-1215-20013), NIHR Clinical Research Network (infrastructure support), CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity OV2170359 and was coordinated out of Sunnybrook Research Institute, the endorsement of the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Group, co-ordinated in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland [CTN-2014-12], Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) [H2020 project 101003589], European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) [965313], COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team, the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies coordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town, Wellcome Trust fellowship [205228/Z/16/Z], the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, the University of Oxford, the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team, the Research Council of Norway grant no 312780, a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner, Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution, preparedness work conducted by the Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection, Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna, Project Number: APCOV22BGM, Italian Ministry of Health 'Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6' to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria, Australian Department of Health grant (3273191), Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland, Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland, the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009), the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia, UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship MR/V001671/1, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain, Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Scholarship number 303953/2018-7, Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA, the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funding by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n°20-0424). This work uses Data/Material provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support #DataSavesLives. The Data/materials used for this research were obtained from ISARIC4C. ISARIC4C Investigators collated the COVID-19 Clinical Information Network (CO-CIN) data., European Project: 101003589, H2020-SC1-PHE-CORONAVIRUS-2020,RECOVER(2020), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Minderoo Foundation, Commonwealth Foundation, Wellcome Trust, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Medical Research Council (UK), University of Liverpool, Imperial College London, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Health Research Board (Ireland), European Commission, All India Institute of Medical Science, University of Cape Town, Research Council of Norway, Innovative Medicines Initiative, Governo Italiano, University of Queensland, Australian Research Council, Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (France), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Garcia-Gallo, Esteban, Merson, Laura, Kennon, Kalynn, Kelly, Sadie, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Fryer, Daniel Vidali, Shrapnel, Sally, Lee, Jame, Duque, Sara, Fuentes, Yuli V, Balan, Valeria, Smith, Sue, Wei, Jia, Gonçalves, Bronner P, Russell, Clark D, Sigfrid, Louise, Dagens, Andrew, Olliaro, Piero L, Baruch, Joaquin, Kartsonaki, Christiana, Dunning, Jake, Rojek, Amanda, Rashan, Aasiyah, Beane, Abi, Murthy, Sriniva, Reyes, Luis Felipe, ISARIC Clinical Characterization Group: Ali Abbas, Sheryl Ann Abdukahil, Nurul Najmee Abdulkadir, Ryuzo Abe, Laurent Abel, Lara Absil, Kamal Abu Jabal, Hiba Abu Zayyad, Subhash Acharya, Andrew Acker, Shingo Adachi, Elisabeth Adam, Enrico Adriano, Diana Adrião, Saleh Al Ageel, Shakeel Ahmed, Marina Aiello, Kate Ainscough, Eka Airlangga, Tharwat Aisa, Ali Ait Hssain, Younes Ait Tamlihat, Takako Akimoto, Ernita Akmal, Eman Al Qasim, Tala Al-Dabbous, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Razi Alalqam, Angela Alberti, Senthilkumar Alegesan, Cynthia Alegre, Marta Alessi, Beatrice Alex, Kévin Alexandre, Huda Alfoudri, Adam Ali, Imran Ali, Naseem Ali Shah, Naseem Ali Sheikh, Kazali Enagnon Alidjnou, Jeffrey Aliudin, Qabas Alkhafajee, Clotilde Allavena, Nathalie Allou, Aneela Altaf, João Alves, João Melo Alves, Rita Alves, Maria Amaral, Nur Amira, Heidi Ammerlaan, Phoebe Ampaw, Roberto Andini, Claire Andrejak, Andrea Angheben, François Angoulvant, Séverine Ansart, Sivanesen Anthonidass, Massimo Antonelli, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Kazi Rubayet Anwar, Ardiyan Apriyana, Yaseen Arabi, Irene Aragao, Francisco Arancibia, Carolline Araujo, Antonio Arcadipane, Patrick Archambault, Lukas Arenz, Jean-Benoît Arlet, Christel Arnold-Day, Ana Aroca, Lovkesh Arora, Rakesh Arora, Elise Artaud-Macari, Diptesh Aryal, Motohiro Asaki, Angel Asensio, Elizabeth Ashley, Muhammad Ashraf, Namra Asif, Mohammad Asim, Jean Baptiste Assie, Amirul Asyraf, Anika Atique, A M Udara Lakshan Attanyake, Johann Auchabie, Hugues Aumaitre, Adrien Auvet, Eyvind W Axelsen, Laurène Azemar, Cecile Azoulay, Benjamin Bach, Delphine Bachelet, Claudine Badr, Roar Bævre-Jensen, Nadia Baig, J Kenneth Baillie, J Kevin Baird, Erica Bak, Agamemnon Bakakos, Nazreen Abu Bakar, Andriy Bal, Mohanaprasanth Balakrishnan, Valeria Balan, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Renata Barbalho, Nicholas Yuri Barbosa, Wendy S Barclay, Saef Umar Barnett, Michaela Barnikel, Helena Barrasa, Audrey Barrelet, Cleide Barrigoto, Marie Bartoli, Cheryl Bartone, Joaquín Baruch, Mustehan Bashir, Romain Basmaci, Muhammad Fadhli Hassin Basri, Denise Battaglini, Jules Bauer, Diego Fernando Bautista Rincon, Denisse Bazan Dow, Abigail Beane, Alexandra Bedossa, Ker Hong Bee, Husna Begum, Sylvie Behilill, Karine Beiruti, Albertus Beishuizen, Aleksandr Beljantsev, David Bellemare, Anna Beltrame, Beatriz Amorim Beltrão, Marine Beluze, Nicolas Benech, Lionel Eric Benjiman, Dehbia Benkerrou, Suzanne Bennett, Luís Bento, Jan-Erik Berdal, Delphine Bergeaud, Hazel Bergin, José Luis Bernal Sobrino, Giulia Bertoli, Lorenzo Bertolino, Simon Bessis, Adam Betz, Sybille Bevilcaqua, Karine Bezulier, Amar Bhatt, 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Ismail, Margaux Isnard, Mette Stausland Istre, Junji Itai, Asami Ito, Daniel Ivulich, Danielle Jaafar, Salma Jaafoura, Julien Jabot, Clare Jackson, Nina Jamieson, Pierre Jaquet, Waasila Jassat, Coline Jaud-Fischer, Stéphane Jaureguiberry, Jeffrey Javidfar, Denise Jaworsky, Florence Jego, Anilawati Mat Jelani, Synne Jenum, Ruth Jimbo-Sotomayor, Ong Yiaw Joe, Ruth N Jorge García, Silje Bakken Jørgensen, Cédric Joseph, Mark Joseph, Swosti Joshi, Mercé Jourdain, Philippe Jouvet, Jennifer June, Anna Jung, Hanna Jung, Dafsah Juzar, Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou, Neerusha Kaisbain, Thavamany Kaleesvran, Sabina Kali, Alina Kalicinska, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Smaragdi Kalomoiri, Muhammad Aisar Ayadi Kamaluddin, Zul Amali Che Kamaruddin, Nadiah Kamarudin, Kavita Kamineni, Darshana Hewa Kandamby, Chris Kandel, Kong Yeow Kang, Darakhshan Kanwal, Dyah Kanyawati, Pratap Karpayah, Todd Karsies, Christiana Kartsonaki, Daisuke Kasugai, Anant Kataria, Kevin Katz, Aasmine Kaur, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Christy Kay, Hannah Keane, Seán Keating, Pulak Kedia, Andrea Kelly, Aoife Kelly, Claire Kelly, Niamh Kelly, Sadie Kelly, Yvelynne Kelly, Maeve Kelsey, Ryan Kennedy, Kalynn Kennon, Sommay Keomany, Maeve Kernan, Younes Kerroumi, Sharma Keshav, Evelyne Kestelyn, Imrana Khalid, Osama Khalid, Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Irfan Khan, Quratul Ain Khan, Sushil Khanal, Abid Khatak, Amin Khawaja, Krish Kherajani, Michelle E Kho, Denisa Khoo, Ryan Khoo, Saye Khoo, Nasir Khoso, Khor How Kiat, Yuri Kida, Harrison Kihuga, Peter Kiiza, Beathe Kiland Granerud, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jae Burm Kim, Antoine Kimmoun, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Alexander King, Nobuya Kitamura, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland Kjetland, Paul Klenerman, Rob Klont, Gry Kloumann Bekken, Stephen R Knight, Robin Kobbe, Chamira Kodippily, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Sabin Koirala, Mamoru Komatsu, Volkan Korten, Caroline Kosgei, Arsène Kpangon, Karolina Krawczyk, Sudhir Krishnan, Vinothini Krishnan, Oksana Kruglova, Deepali Kumar, Ganesh 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Nilar Lwin, Ruth Lyons, Olavi Maasikas, Oryane Mabiala, Sarah MacDonald, Moïse Machado, Gabriel Macheda, Juan Macias Sanchez, Jai Madhok, Hashmi Madiha, Guillermo Maestro de la Calle, Jacob Magara, Giuseppe Maglietta, Rafael Mahieu, Sophie Mahy, Ana Raquel Maia, Lars S Maier, Mylène Maillet, Thomas Maitre, Maria Majori, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Nadia Malik, Paddy Mallon, Fernando Maltez, Denis Malvy, Patrizia Mammi, Victoria Manda, Jose M Mandei, Laurent Mandelbrot, Frank Manetta, Julie Mankikian, Edmund Manning, Aldric Manuel, Ceila Maria Sant'Ana Malaque, Daniel Marino, Flávio Marino, Samuel Markowicz, Charbel Maroun Eid, Ana Marques, Catherine Marquis, Brian Marsh, Laura Marsh, Megan Marshal, John Marshall, Celina Turchi Martelli, Dori-Ann Martin, Emily Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Alejandro Martin-Quiros, Alessandra Martinelli, Martin Martinot, Ana Martins, João Martins, Nuno Martins, Caroline Martins Rego, Gennaro Martucci, Olga Martynenko, Eva 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W. , Fryer D. V. , Shrapnel S., Lee J., Duque S., Fuentes Y. V. , et al., and Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Subjects: Eğitim, Social Sciences and Humanities, Information Security and Reliability, Social Sciences (SOC), Sosyal Bilimler ve Beşeri Bilimler, Epidemiology, EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Temel Bilimler (SCI), BİLGİSAYAR BİLİMİ, BİLGİ SİSTEMLERİ, MATHEMATICS, Sociology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Prospective Studies, COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, STATISTICS & PROBABILITY, Matematik, Bilgisayar Bilimi Uygulamaları, Computer Sciences, Bilgi Güvenliği ve Güvenilirliği, EĞİTİM VE EĞİTİM ARAŞTIRMASI, BİLGİ BİLİMİ VE KÜTÜPHANE BİLİMİ, Bilgi sistemi, Computer Science Applications, Kütüphane ve Bilgi Bilimleri, Hospitalization, Natural Sciences (SCI), Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Sosyal Bilimler (SOC), Bilgisayar Bilimi, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems, Human, Statistics and Probability, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, SOCIAL SCIENCES, GENERAL, Library and Information Sciences, Education, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Library Sciences, INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE, İstatistik ve Olasılık, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler, Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Social Sciences & Humanities, Engineering, Computing & Technology (ENG), Sosyoloji, Pandemic, İSTATİSTİK & OLASILIK, Mühendislik, Bilişim ve Teknoloji (ENG), İstatistik, Olasılık ve Belirsizlik, Sosyal Bilimler Genel, COMPUTER SCIENCE, Prospective Studie, Fizik Bilimleri, Viral infection, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji, Kütüphanecilik
Abstract: The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use., This work is part of the Grand Challenges ICODA pilot initiative, delivered by Health Data Research UK and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Minderoo Foundation. The philanthropic support of the donors to the University of Oxford’s COVID-19 Research Response Fund; UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and Wellcome [215091/Z/18/Z and 220757/Z/20/Z]; the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1209135]; the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR; award CO-CIN-01); the Medical Research Council (MRC; grant MC_PC_19059); the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections at University of Liverpool in partnership with Public Health England (PHE)(award 200907); NIHR HPRU in Respiratory Infections at Imperial College London with PHE (award 200927); Liverpool Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (grant C18616/A25153); NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Imperial College London (award IS-BRC-1215-20013); NIHR Clinical Research Network (infrastructure support); CIHR Coronavirus Rapid Research Funding Opportunity OV2170359 and was coordinated out of Sunnybrook Research Institute; the endorsement of the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Group, co-ordinated in Ireland by the Irish Critical Care- Clinical Trials Network at University College Dublin and funded by the Health Research Board of Ireland [CTN-2014-12]; Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Response research (RECOVER) [H2020 project 101003589]; European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases (ECRAID) [965313]; COVID clinical management team, AIIMS, Rishikesh, India; Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre; the dedication and hard work of the Groote Schuur Hospital Covid ICU Team; the Groote Schuur nursing and University of Cape Town registrar bodies coordinated by the Division of Critical Care at the University of Cape Town; Wellcome Trust fellowship [205228/Z/16/Z]; the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine; the University of Oxford; the dedication and hard work of the Norwegian SARS-CoV-2 study team; the Research Council of Norway grant no 312780; a philanthropic donation from Vivaldi Invest A/S owned by Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner; Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking under Grant Agreement No. 115523 COMBACTE, resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) and EFPIA companies, in-kind contribution; preparedness work conducted by the Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection; Stiftungsfonds zur Förderung der Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose und anderer Lungenkrankheiten of the City of Vienna, Project Number: APCOV22BGM; Italian Ministry of Health “Fondi Ricerca corrente–L1P6” to IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore–Don Calabria; Australian Department of Health grant (3273191); Gender Equity Strategic Fund at University of Queensland; Artificial Intelligence for Pandemics (A14PAN) at University of Queensland; the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQUS, CE170100009); the Prince Charles Hospital Foundation, Australia; UK Medical Research Council Clinical Research Training Fellowship MR/V001671/1; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Spain; Brazil, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Scholarship number 303953/2018-7; Firland Foundation, Shoreline, Washington, USA; the French COVID cohort (NCT04262921) is sponsored by INSERM and is funding by the REACTing (REsearch & ACtion emergING infectious diseases) consortium and by a grant of the French Ministry of Health (PHRC n°20-0424).
Published: 2022
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