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This article originally appeared in the March issue of Contemporary Pediatrics[R] and has been lightly edited. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder most commonly seen in children that may [...]

COLLEEN CARNEY says the people who come to her sleep clinic have one thing in common: 'They're desperate.' Well, two things: 'They're also skeptical.' Carney, an associate professor and director [...]

AUSTIN, TEX. -- One day each week, Sasha D. Jaquez, PhD, visits with patients in the dermatology clinic at Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas who wrestle with some [...]

AT SLEEP 2014 MINNEAPOLIS -- Both cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia and mindfulness-based stress reduction training reduced insomnia in a group of cancer survivors, although the former works faster, new data [...]

Background. First-line conservative treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women is behavioral intervention, including pelvic-floor muscle (PFM) exercise and bladder control strategies. Objective. The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe adherence and barriers to exercise and bladder control strategy adherence and (2) to identify predictors of exercise adherence. Design. This study was a planned secondary analysis of data from a multisite, randomized trial comparing intravaginal continence pessary, multicomponent behavioral therapy, and combined therapy in women with stress-predominant urinary incontinence (UI). Methods. Data were analyzed from the groups who received behavioral intervention alone (n = 146) or combined with continence pessary therapy (n = 150). Adherence was measured during supervised treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 months post- randomization. Barriers to adherence were surveyed during treatment and at the 3-month time point. Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of exercise adherence during supervised treatment and at the 3- and 12-month time points. Results. During supervised treatment, ->86% of the women exercised [greater than or equal to]5 days a week, and[greater than or equal to]80% performed at least 30 contractions on days they exercised. At 3, 6, and 12 months post-randomization, 95%, 88%, and 80% of women, respectively, indicated they were still performing PFM exercises. During supervised treatment and at 3 months post-randomization, [greater than or equal to]87% of the women reported using learned bladder control strategies to prevent SUI. In addition, the majority endorsed at least one barrier to PFM exercise, most commonly 'trouble remembering to do exercises.' Predictors of exercise adherence changed over time. During supervised intervention, less frequent baseline UI and higher baseline 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) mental scores predicted exercise adherence. At 3 months post- randomization, women who dropped out of the study had weaker PFMs at baseline. At 12 months post-randomization, only 'trouble remembering' was associated with exercise adherence. Limitations. Adherence and barrier questionnaires were not validated. Conclusions. Adherence to PFM exercises and bladder control strategies for SUI can be high and sustained over time. However, behavioral interventions to help women link exercise to environmental and behavioral cues may only be beneficial over the short term., Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is defined as the complaint of involuntary urine leakage with physical effort or exertion, such as sneezing or coughing. (1) Behavioral interventions, including muscle (PFM) exercise [...]

In Brief As part of comprehensive clinical care for people with diabetes, there is a need for multifaceted interventions that address the primary lifestyle factors that contribute to women's type [...]

As urologists, we are on the front lines and also serve as the strategic backup forces in the battle for urinary control. While anticholinergic agents may be a dependable 'go-to' [...]

Objective. To examine whether reimbursement for Provider Counseling, Pharmacotherapies, and a telephone Quitline increase smoking cessation relative to Usual Care. Study Design. Randomized comparison trial testing the effectiveness of four smoking cessation benefits. Setting. Seven states that best represented the national population in terms of the proportion of those [greater than or equal to] 65 years of age and smoking rate. Participants. There were 7,354 seniors voluntarily enrolled in the Medicare Stop Smoking Program and they were followed-up for 12 months. Intervention(s). (1) Usual Care, (2) reimbursement for Provider Counseling, (3) reimbursement for Provider Counseling with Pharmacotherapy, and (4) telephone counseling Quitline with nicotine patch. Main Outcome Measure. Seven-day self-reported cessation at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Principal Findings. Unadjusted quit rates assuming missing data = smoking were 10.2 percent (9.0-11.5), 14.1 percent (11.7-16.5), 15.8 percent (14.4-17.2), and 19.3 percent (17.4-21.2) at 12 months for the Usual Care, Provider Counseling, Provider Counseling + Pharmacotherapy, and Quitline arms, respectively. Results were robust to sociodemographics, smoking history, motivation, health status, and survey nonresponse. The additional cost per quitter (relative to Usual Care) ranged from several hundred dollars to $6,450. Conclusions. A telephone Quitline in conjunction with low-cost Pharmacotherapy was the most effective means of reducing smoking in the elderly. Key Words. Smoking cessation, elderly, Medicare, Efforts to reduce smoking in the United States have primarily targeted the young before they become habitual smokers. However, there is increasing evidence that quitting smoking, even after decades of [...]

Parents who are reluctant to approve medical treatment for their children ith attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be reassured by being given information about the effectiveness of stimulant and nonstimulant gents, [...]

Behavioral treatment is an approach used to help individuals develop a set of skills to achieve a healthier weight. It is more than helping people to decide what to change; it is helping them identify how to change. The behavior change process is facilitated through the use of self-monitoring, goal setting, and problem solving. Studies suggest that behavioral treatment produces weight loss of 8-10% during the first 6 mo of treatment. Structured approaches such as meal replacements and food provision have been shown to increase the magnitude of weight loss. Most research on behavioral treatment has been conducted in university-based clinic programs. Although such studies are important, they tell us little about the effectiveness of these approaches in settings outside of specialized clinics. Future research might focus more on determining how these behavioral techniques can be best applied in a real-world setting. KEY WORDS Behavioral treatment, behavior, weight loss, obesity

PRACTICE CHANGER Recommend behavioral therapy--incorporating pelvic floor muscle training and bladder control strategies--to men experiencing incontinence after prostatectomy. (1) STRENGTH OF RECOMMENDATION B: Based on a single unblinded randomized controlled [...]

Methamphetamine, a central nervous system stimulant, was first synthesized in 1919 as a synthetic substitute for ephedrine. Occult methamphetamine laboratories emerged in California in the 1960s, and its recreational use [...]

EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER A/ COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT) THAT EMPHASIZES EXPOSURE-BASED TREATMENT is the most effective intervention for adults with acute stress disorder (ASD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analysis of [...]

Medicare beneficiaries can now receive copayment-free screening and counseling for obesity under a new benefit created through the Affordable Care Act. On Nov. 29, officials at the Centers for Medicare [...]

The expansion of the AAP ADHD clinical practice guideline to include recommendations for preschool-age children is one of several welcome and beneficial changes, according to Dr. David O. Childers. 'I'm [...]

BOSTON -- Existing behavioral marital therapies are effective for couples dealing with infidelity, Donald Baucom, Ph.D., said at the annual meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy. These [...]

ATLANTA -- Patients with chronic pain benefit from receiving targeted self-study materials as a component of behavioral therapy for living with their condition, the late David M. Dush, Ph.D., then [...]

BETHESDA MD.-Dialectical behavior therapy is moe effective in treating comorbid substance abuse and borderline personality disorder than treatment as usual Sheliev McMain, Ph D., said at a conference sponsored by [...]