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In order to get long time stability in Water-in- Soybean oil emulsion the impact of selfstructuring lipid, polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) has been investigated. The rheological and microstructural techniques were employed to characterize the stability and flow behavior of the material. Emulsions were prepared from 10- 40 wt.% water having 2-8 wt. % Polyglycerol polyricinoleate in phosphate buffer (pH 7, NaCl 100mM). It has been observed that an increase in water contents led to decrease in stability of emulsion while the impact of Polyglycerol polyricinoleate was other way round. The shear viscosity of the system was increased with the increase in water as well as polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) contents. The stated observations were also in accord with the optical micrographs and were helpful to explain the stability as well as the rheological results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study describes diethyl cadmium mediated preparation of sixteen (3a-3p) new di- and tri-substitutedbenzyl gamma-ketohexanoates from corresponding sixteen (2a-2p) di- and trisubstitutedbenzyl 4-chloro-4-ketobutanoates. Their formation was proved through structural characterization by modern spectroscopic techniques. The prepared gamma keto esters were subjected to brine shrimp lethality test for cytotoxic activity and all of the gamma keto esters displayed cytotoxic activity. Trichlorobenzyl 4-ketohexanoate (3n) and tribromobenzyl 4- ketohexanoate (3o) displayed highest cytotoxic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the stability of W/O emulsions with respect to coalescence time. The various concentrations of water were dispersed in oil phase (soybean oil). The compositions of organic and aqueous phases were varied by adding emulsifier (Monoglyceride), sodium chloride and thickening agent (mango's pulp). The technique employed for the mixing of two phases was homogenization. The Emulsion Stability Index (ESI), Viscosity changes, separation of organic and aqueous phases as a function of storage time have been studied. It has been found that monoglyceride increases the stability and decreases the emulsion stability index (ESI) and also decreases the viscosity changes with storage time while electrolytes and mango's pulp encourage the coalescence process and enhance the instability of the system. On the other hand the system that contained all the organic and aqueous ingredients showed high stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six novel triorganotin(IV) 2-maleimidopropanoato complexes: R3SnOCOCH3(CH)(COCH)2, (R: Me(1), Et(2), n-Pr(3), n-Bu(4), Ph(5), Bz(6) have been synthesized. Their solid-state configuration has been determined by FT IR and 119mSn Mössbauer spectroscopy. The tin(IV) atom is five-coordinated in all the complexes with 2-maleimidopropanoic acid behaving as a monoanionic bidentate ligand coordinating the tin(IV) atom through a chelating or bridging carboxylate group. The solution-state configuration has been elucidated by means of 1H-, 13C- and 119Sn-NMR spectroscopy which assigned a tetrahedron. Elemental analysis and FAB MS data also supported a 1:1 metal to ligand stoichiometry. The title complexes have been screened in vitro for anti-tumour, anti-fungal, anti-leishmanial and urease inhibition activities and displayed promising results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new compounds of organic mono carboxylic acid, 3-maleimidopropionic acid; with Bu2Sn(IV)2+, Ph3Sn(IV)+ and Cychex3Sn(IV)+ having ligand to metal ratio 1:2 and 1:1 were prepared. The spectrophotometric techniques used for structure determination like 1H-, 13C- and 119Sn-NMR, FT IR and 119mSn Mössbauer have demonstrated that the organotin(IV) moieties establish chemical bonding with the ligand through carboxylic oxygen atom. The percent CHN analyses and MS data also corroborates the spectroscopic results. During in vitro LD50, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial and anti-yeast bioassays promising results were exhibited. In vitro anti-tumour activity assays against five human tumor cell lines, MCF-7 Breast cancer-EVSA-T Breast cancer-WiDr Colon cancer-IGROV Ovarian cancer-M226 Non small cell lung cancer and anti-inflammatory screenings furnished the significant toxicities of the title complexes. In addition the triorganotin(IV) complexes were comparatively less toxic than the diorganotin(IV) complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipid profile in cardiac patients (myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, coronary heart disease, ischaemic heart disease), diabetic patients and normal humans was investigated. Total serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, blood glucose, calcium, potassium and sodium were determined, employing established methods and procedures. Higher level of total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride were found in both cardiac and diabetic patients, however, cardiac patients had much lower level of HDL-C as compared to normal humans. Age wise comparison revealed that level of total cholesterol; triglyceride and LDL-C were elevating while the level of HDL-C were decreasing with the age in cardiac and diabetic patients. Sex wise comparison showed that females had higher HDL-C level than males and therefore had fewer incidences of heart diseases. The level of Ca++, K+ and Na+ were similar in all age groups and sexes. No significant elevation in the level of these electrolytes was discovered.