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Contemporary minimally invasive surgical (MIS) treatment options of patients with male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in men with prostate glands >80 mL include Holmium Laser Enucleation Prostate (HoLEP), Thulium laser VapoEnucleation Prostate (ThuVEP), and Laparoscopic (LSP) or Robotic-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy (RASP). Implementing new laser technologies is costly, and the steep learning curve of these laser techniques limit their wide range use. This promoted the use of LSP and RASP in centers with readily established laparoscopy or robotic surgery programs. The aim of this study is to review case and comparative series of RASP. We systematically reviewed published data from 2008 to 2020 on RASP and have identified 26 non-comparative and 9 comparative case series. RASP has longer operation time but less time spent in hospital and less blood loss. The outcomes of improvements in symptom score, post-voiding residual urine (PVR), postoperative PSA decline, complications, and cost are similar when compared to open and laser enucleation techniques. These outcomes position RASP as a viable MIS treatment option for patients with male LUTS needing surgical treatment for enlarged prostates. Nevertheless, prospective, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with multicenter and large sample size are needed to confirm the findings of this systematic review.

This study assesses the prevalence and etiology of childhood hypertension and whether normative data obtained by Second Task Force in USA1 is applicable to pediatric population in Turkey. 8,820 children (4,141 male 47 %, 4,679 female 53%) aged 7-16 years who are students of 15 primary schools of Malatya in Turkey, were studied between February 1995 and September 1995. The child accepted as hypertensive when the blood pressure is at least above 95th percentile rank for age and sex. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory studies were performed. Hypertension was detected in 53 (0,6%) of 8,820 ch ildren. 32 (60,4%) were female and 21 (39.6%) male.In 44 children of 53 hypertension the etiological investigations carried out. In 8 (18,2%) patients the etiological factors could be detected. Hypertension causes were renal in 6 (13,6%) patients and in 2 (4.6%)cases endocrine. In 36 (81,8%) cases no etiological factor could be found, but family history of essential hypertension in 11 (30,5%) detected. In this group 22 of 36 children had obesity. As a conclusion the prevalence of hypertension in 7-16 age group is 0,6% in our district. 81,8% of hypertensive children have essential hypertension. Essential hypertension is frequently 61%) associated with obesity. Key words: Childhood,Etiology, Hypertension,Prevalence, Bu çalışma, çocukluk çağındaki hipertansiyonun prevalans ve etyolojisini belirlemek ve normal veri olarak kabul edilen Amerika'daki “Second Task Force” değerlerinin1 Türk populasyonuna uygunluğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Şubat 1995-Eylül 1995 tarihleri arasında Türkiye Malatya ilindeki 15 ilköğretim okulunda öğrenci, yaşları 7-16 arası olan 8820 çocuk (4141 erkek [%47], 4679 kız [%>53]) çalışmaya alındı. Yaş ve cins persantiline göre kan basıncı değerleri %95'in üstünde olan çocuklar h ipertansiyon olarak kabul edildi. Anamnez, fizik muayne ve laboratuar çalışmaları yapıldı. 8820 çocuğun 53'ünde (%0,6) hipertansiyon tespit edildi. Bunların 32'si (%60,4) kız, 21 'i (%39,6) erkek idi. 53 hipertansif çocuğun 44'ünde etyolojik araştırma yapıl dı. Sekiz hastada (%18,2) etyolojik faktör saptandı. Altı hastada (%13,6) renal neden ve iki hastada (%4,6) endokrin neden saptandı. 36 hastada (%81,8) herhangibir etyolojik faktör bulunamadı ancak 11 hastanın (%30,5) aile öykülerinde esansiyel hipertansiyon mevcuttu. Bu grupta 36 hastanın 22'si şiman idi. Sonuç olarak bizim bölgemizde 7-16 yaş arası hipertansiyon prevalansı %0,6 idi. Hipertansif hastaların %81,8'inde esansiyel hipertansiyon mevcuttu. Esansiyel hipertansiyona sıklıkla (%61) obesite eşlik et mekteydi. Anahtar kelimeler: Çocukluk çağı, etyoloji, hipertansiyon, prevalans

II e report a case of renal papillary necrosis which caused an acute right sided lower ureteral obstruction and hydroureteronephrosis in a diabetic patient with acute pyelonephritis and bacteremia. Appropriate clinical sellings such as diabetic urinary infections which may predispose to RPN , obstruction due to the necrotic tissue fragments must be kept in mind and necessary investigations along with early intevention should be prompted in order to restore renal function and reduce the mortality. [Journal of Turgut Özal Medical Center I(3):204-206.1994j Key words: Papillary necrosis, ureteral obstruction, diabetes mellitus, Bu çalışmada akut piyelonefriti ve bakteriyemisi olan diabetik bir hastada akut sağ Ureter alt uç ohstrüksıyonuna yol açan bir renal papilla nekrozu olgusu takdim edilmektedir. Diabetik üriner enfeksiyonlar gibi renal papilla nekrozuna zemin hazırlayabilecek klinik durumlarda nekrotik doku parçalarına bağlı ohstruksiyon akılda tutulmalıdır. Renal fonksiyonun bozulmasını önlemek ve mortaliteyi azaltmak amacıyla gerekli tanı.sal araştırmalar ve erken müdahaleden kaçınılmamalıdır. [Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Dergisi 1(3) 204-206,19941 Anahtar kelimeler: Papilla nekrozu, üreter ob.strüksiyonu, diabetes mellitus

Contralateral adrenal metastases from renal cell carcinomas are not commonly seen. To our knowledge, we are presenting the first case of extraadrenal metastasis in the English literature, from the contralateral RCC 6 months after radical nephrectomy. Patient was treated with robotic right adrenalectomy for continuous growing of a de novo right adrenal mass of 6 × 4 × 3 cm in diameter. Tissue between vena cava, renal capsule, and inferior diaphragmatic surface was removed en block. Pathological evaluation revealed renal cell carcinoma within the fatty tissue abutting the adrenal capsule from outside with negative surgical margins. Our experience dictates that removing adrenal tissue only after identifying the adrenal borders may sometimes result in insufficient tumor removal. Therefore, adrenal containing tissue within the anatomic boundaries should be removed en block, if surgical removal is planned for metachronous tumor metastasis in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.

There has been an increase in the number of individuals seeking testosterone (T) replacement treatment (TRT) due to a decrease in their blood T levels. Prostate cancer (PCa) is also an important issue in the same age group. However, we, urologists, are anxious about PCa development after T treatment. This is because it has been assumed that T may cause PCa or exacerbate insidious PCa which is already present. In this paper, recent developments regarding the relationship between serum levels of sex hormone and prostate tissue, the causal relationship between T and development of PCa, the effect of TRT on the group of patients who are at high risk of developing PCa, the suitability of TRT for patients who have already been diagnosed with PCa, and the effect of TRT on serum prostate-specific antigen level are analyzed.