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2. Deep Learning Diffuse Optical Tomography

Author

Yoo, Jaejun, Sabir, Sohail, Heo, Duchang, Kim, Kee Hyun, Wahab, Abdul, Choi, Yoonseok, Lee, Seul-I, Chae, Eun Young, Kim, Hak Hee, Bae, Young Min, Choi, Young-wook, Cho, Seungryong, and Ye, Jong Chul

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has been investigated as an alternative imaging modality for breast cancer detection thanks to its excellent contrast to hemoglobin oxidization level. However, due to the complicated non-linear photon scattering physics and ill-posedness, the conventional reconstruction algorithms are sensitive to imaging parameters such as boundary conditions. To address this, here we propose a novel deep learning approach that learns non-linear photon scattering physics and obtains an accurate three dimensional (3D) distribution of optical anomalies. In contrast to the traditional black-box deep learning approaches, our deep network is designed to invert the Lippman-Schwinger integral equation using the recent mathematical theory of deep convolutional framelets. As an example of clinical relevance, we applied the method to our prototype DOT system. We show that our deep neural network, trained with only simulation data, can accurately recover the location of anomalies within biomimetic phantoms and live animals without the use of an exogenous contrast agent., Comment: Accepted for IEEE Trans. on Medical Imaging

Published
2017
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13. Improved Energy Storage Density and Efficiency of Nd and Mn Co-Doped Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 TiO 3 Ceramic Capacitors Via Defect Dipole Engineering.

Author

Choi, Hyunsu, Pattipaka, Srinivas, Son, Yong Hoon, Bae, Young Min, Park, Jung Hwan, Jeong, Chang Kyu, Lee, Han Eol, Kim, Sung-Dae, Ryu, Jungho, and Hwang, Geon-Tae

Subjects
CERAMIC capacitors, ENERGY storage, ENERGY density, ELECTRIC breakdown, PERMITTIVITY, DOPING agents (Chemistry)
Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the structural, microstructural, dielectric, and energy storage properties of Nd and Mn co-doped Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 [(Ba0.7Sr0.3)1−xNdxTi1−yMnyO3 (BSNTM) ceramics (x = 0, 0.005, and y = 0, 0.0025, 0.005, and 0.01)] via a defect dipole engineering method. The complex defect dipoles (M n T i " − V O ∙ ∙ ) ∙ and (M n T i " − V O ∙ ∙) between acceptor ions and oxygen vacancies capture electrons, enhancing the breakdown electric field and energy storage performances. XRD, Raman, spectroscopy, XPS, and microscopic investigations of BSNTM ceramics revealed the formation of a tetragonal phase, oxygen vacancies, and a reduction in grain size with Mn dopant. The BSNTM ceramics with x = 0.005 and y = 0 exhibit a relative dielectric constant of 2058 and a loss tangent of 0.026 at 1 kHz. These values gradually decreased to 1876 and 0.019 for x = 0.005 and y = 0.01 due to the Mn2+ ions at the Ti4+- site, which facilitates the formation of oxygen vacancies, and prevents a decrease in Ti4+. In addition, the defect dipoles act as a driving force for depolarization to tailor the domain formation energy and domain wall energy, which provides a high difference between the maximum polarization of Pmax and remnant polarization of Pr (ΔP = 10.39 µC/cm2). Moreover, the complex defect dipoles with optimum oxygen vacancies in BSNTM ceramics can provide not only a high ΔP but also reduce grain size, which together improve the breakdown strength from 60.4 to 110.6 kV/cm, giving rise to a high energy storage density of 0.41 J/cm3 and high efficiency of 84.6% for x = 0.005 and y = 0.01. These findings demonstrate that defect dipole engineering is an effective method to enhance the energy storage performance of dielectrics for capacitor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Tenebrio molitor Spätzle 1b Is Required to Confer Antibacterial Defense Against Gram-Negative Bacteria by Regulation of Antimicrobial Peptides

Author

Bae, Young Min, primary, Jo, Yong Hun, additional, Patnaik, Bharat Bhusan, additional, Kim, Bo Bae, additional, Park, Ki Beom, additional, Edosa, Tariku Tesfaye, additional, Keshavarz, Maryam, additional, Kojour, Maryam Ali Mohammadie, additional, Lee, Yong Seok, additional, and Han, Yeon Soo, additional

Published
2021
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29. Use of transposon Tn5367 mutagenesis and a nitroimidazopyran-based selection system to demonstrate a requirement for fbiA and fbiB in coenzyme F(sub)420 biosynthesis by Mycobacterium bovis BCG

Author

Choi, Kwang-Pil, Bair, Thomas B., Bae, Young-Min B., and Daniels, Lacy

Subjects
Mycobacteria -- Genetic aspects, Transposons -- Usage, Coenzymes -- Genetic aspects, Gene expression -- Analysis, Enzymes -- Synthesis, Biological sciences
Abstract

Transposon mutagenesis demonstrates that both fbiA and fbiB genes are required for normal coenzyme F(sub)420-(sup)5,6 synthesis and together they constitute an operon. Data indicate that both the genes function between the intermediate FO and the coenzyme.

Published
2001

31. Deep Learning Diffuse Optical Tomography

Author

Yoo, Jaejun, primary, Sabir, Sohail, additional, Heo, Duchang, additional, Kim, Kee Hyun, additional, Wahab, Abdul, additional, Choi, Yoonseok, additional, Lee, Seul-I, additional, Chae, Eun Young, additional, Kim, Hak Hee, additional, Bae, Young Min, additional, Choi, Young-Wook, additional, Cho, Seungryong, additional, and Ye, Jong Chul, additional

Published
2020
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36. Protriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, inhibits voltage-dependent K channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells

Author

An, Jin Ryeol, primary, Kang, Hojung, additional, Li, Hongliang, additional, Seo, Mi Seon, additional, Jung, Hee Seok, additional, Jung, Won-Kyo, additional, Choi, Il-Whan, additional, Ryu, Sook Won, additional, Park, Hongzoo, additional, Bae, Young Min, additional, Ryu, Se Min, additional, and Park, Won Sun, additional

Published
2020
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43. TmToll-7 Plays a Crucial Role in Innate Immune Responses Against Gram-Negative Bacteria by Regulating 5 AMP Genes in Tenebrio molitor

Author

Park, Soyi, primary, Jo, Yong Hun, additional, Park, Ki Beom, additional, Ko, Hye Jin, additional, Kim, Chang Eun, additional, Bae, Young Min, additional, Kim, Bobae, additional, Jun, Sung Ah, additional, Bang, In Seok, additional, Lee, Yong Seok, additional, Kim, Yu Jung, additional, and Han, Yeon Soo, additional

Published
2019
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49. Fluid flow facilitates inward rectifier K+ current by convectively restoring [K+] at the cell membrane surface

Author

Kim, Jae Gon, primary, Park, Sang Woong, additional, Byun, Doyoung, additional, Choi, Wahn Soo, additional, Sung, Dong Jun, additional, Shin, Kyung Chul, additional, Kim, Hyun-ji, additional, Leem, Young-Eun, additional, Kang, Jong-Sun, additional, Cho, Hana, additional, Kim, Bokyung, additional, Cho, Sung I, additional, and Bae, Young Min, additional

Published
2016
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50. Studies on the Function of the Rv2435c Gene of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG

Author

Bae Young-Min and Lee Seung-Sil

Subjects
Transposable element, Open reading frame, Mutant, Wild type, medicine, Transposon mutagenesis, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Molecular biology, Gene, Fusion protein, Escherichia coli
Abstract

library of the mutants was prepared by transposon mutagenesis of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG. We screened this library for the resistance to an anti-tuberculosis antibiotic, PA-824. Most of the mutants resistant to the PA-824 were not able to synthesize the coenzyme which is normally produced by the wild type M. bovis BCG strains. HPLC analysis of the cellular extract showed that one of those mutants which lost the ability to synthesize still produced F0. The insertion site of the transposon in this mutant was determined by an inverse PCR and the transposon was found to be inserted in the Rv2435c open reading frame (ORF). Rv2435c ORF is predicted to encode an 80.3 kDa protein. Rv2435c protein appears to be bound to the cytoplasmic membrane, its N-terminal present in the periplasm and C-terminal in the cytoplasm. The C-terminal portion of this protein is highly homologous with the adenylyl cyclases of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. There are 15 ORFs which have homology with the class III AC proteins in the genome of the M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. Two of those, Rv1625c and Rv2435c, are highly homologous with the mammalian ACs. We cloned the cytoplasmic domain of the Rv2435c ORF and expressed it with six histidine residues attached on its C-terminal in Escherichia coli to find out if this protein is a genuine AC. Production of that protein in E. coli was proved by purifying the histidine-tagged protein by using the Ni-NTA resin. This protein, however, failed to complement the cya mutation in E. coli, indicating that this protein lacks the AC activity. All of the further attempts to convert this protein to a functional AC by a mutagenesis with UV or hydroxylamine, or construction of several different fusion proteins with Rv1625c failed. It is, therefore, possible that Rv2435c protein might affect the conversion of F0 to not by synthesizing cAMP but by some other way.

Published
2005

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