Search

Subbottom profiler (SBP) systems are commonly employed for geohazard analysis in offshore engineering studies. The joint analysis of multichannel seismic and SBP data also provides additional information for analyzing submarine fluid-flow structures in shallow sediments. Detailed geohazard analyses aim to reveal small-scale changes in the seafloor and the underlying structures. Therefore, the horizontal and vertical resolution of SBP data is a crucial parameter and obtaining the necessary resolution requires appropriate data processing. This study analyzes the steps and parameters applied in processing pinger, Chirp, boomer, and parametric SBP data to determine an optimal data processing flow and parameters. Compared to multichannel seismics, the most significant challenge in processing SBP data is to suppress noise and increase the signal-to-noise ratio. Band-pass filtering is effective in eliminating swell noise, especially for boomer data. Spiking deconvolution has the most significant impact on reducing the ringy character, particularly for Chirp data. Only boomer data required the removal of multiple reflections, and predictive deconvolution was applied to eliminate the multiples. The heave effect was corrected by applying manually picked residual static values of the seafloor to the SBP data. From spectral analysis results, the wavelength of the signal was calculated, and it was observed that the parametric SBP system had the highest vertical resolution. Applications demonstrated that among the four different SBP data types, the parametric SBP data required the fewest processing steps and least time, which indicates that the parametric SBP system is the most effective in distinguishing the SBP signal from ambient noise during acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Asia's elderly Baby Boomer demographic (born between 1946 and 1964) faced a huge problem during the COVID-19 pandemic due to increased all-cause mortality. We aimed to provide a unique Taiwan situation regarding the impact of Baby Boomers on excess mortalities from all causes relative to non-Baby Boomers throughout distinct times of SARS-CoV-2 mutations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used the Poisson time series design with a Bayesian directed acyclic graphic approach to build the background mortality prior to the COVID-19 pandemic between 2015 and 2019. It was then used for predicting the expected all-cause deaths compared to the reported figures during the COVID-19 pandemic period based on Taiwan residents, an Omicron-naïve cohort. Results: Baby Boomers experienced a 2% negative excess mortality in 2020 (Wuhan/D614G) and a 4% excess mortality in 2021 (Alpha/Delta) with a rising background mortality trend whereas non-Baby Boomers showed the corresponding figures of 4% negative excess and 1% excess with a stable trend. Baby Boomer and non-Baby Boomer excess mortality soared to 9% (95% CI: 7-10%) and 10% (95% CI: 9-11%), respectively, during the epidemic Omicron period from January to June 2022. Surprisingly, Baby Boomers aged 58–76 experienced the same 9% excess mortality as non-Baby Boomers aged 77 and beyond. Non-COVID-19 deaths were more prevalent among Baby Boomers than non-Baby Boomers (33% vs. 29%). Conclusion: Baby Boomers were more likely to die from COVID-19 in early pandemic and had more non-COVID-19 deaths in late pandemic than older non-Baby Boomers demonstrated in Taiwan Omicron-naïve cohort. For this vulnerable population, adequate access to medical care and medical capacity require more consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text discusses labor force nonparticipation rates among different age groups and genders from 1999 to 2022. It highlights that school attendance was the main reason for nonparticipation among teenagers and young adults, with an increase in nonparticipation due to factors such as increased summer school attendance and parental emphasis on education. Among men aged 25 to 54, illness or disability was the main reason for nonparticipation, while women cited home responsibilities as their main reason. The text also mentions that nonparticipation due to illness or disability increased for both men and women during this period. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the U.S. labor force, with the overall nonparticipation rate rising from 34.0 percent in 2019 to 35.5 percent in 2022. Retirement was the main reason for the increase in nonparticipation during the pandemic. The article also discusses trends in retirement patterns, including the impact of recessions and the COVID-19 pandemic on retirement rates. [Extracted from the article]

This study explores the relationship between social media usage for investment advice and financial satisfaction across different generations. Ten ordered logit models were estimated using Stata to explore this relationship. Ordered logit analyses using data from the 2021 National Financial Capability Study State-by-State and Investor survey reveal that Generation X and millennials are less financially satisfied than baby boomers. While general social media use shows no statistically significant association, platform-specific analysis finds that Instagram and TikTok users report higher financial satisfaction, whereas YouTube users report lower satisfaction. Notably, millennials who use social media for investment advice are more financially satisfied than their peers. Detailed analyses reveal that Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter positively influence financial satisfaction across Gen Z, millennials, and Gen X, with more platform-specific associations observed for Facebook, LinkedIn, and Reddit among millennials and Gen X, respectively. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, financial professionals, and researchers, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to enhance financial well-being through social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study introduces an enhanced version of the Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA) method, a powerful tool that can be applied across various domains. This method plays a crucial role in our research, aiding in making well-informed decisions about smart tourism destination attributes. We achieved this by evaluating how 911 consumers from four different generations (Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z) rated these attributes based on their most recent tourist destination visit. Unlike traditional methods that often rely on subjective opinions or complex statistical models, the Improved IPA (IIPA) method offers a clear approach to decision-making. It enables decision-makers to focus on the most crucial attributes that drive consumer interest, thereby optimizing resource allocation and marketing efforts. Specifically, to remain competitive, decision-makers for smart tourist destinations should focus on queuing-time forecast and applications, websites, and content accessible for travelers with disabilities for Baby Boomers; e-complaint handling for Generation X; smart emergency response system for Millennials; and tourist-flow forecast, real-time traffic broadcast, electronic-entrance guard systems, and accessible data about physical design features of accommodation, restaurants, and tourist attractions for Generation Z. Theoretically, this study advances the research on managerial decision-making by demonstrating the effectiveness of the IIPA as a clear and straightforward method for making optimal decisions about product or service attributes. In practice, the study provides decision-makers with valuable insights into the importance of different categories of smart attributes in shaping the overall holiday experience at a tourist destination for Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z tourism consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generation Z is expected to officially surpass the Baby Boomers in the labor market by 2024 and to represent 30% of the global workforce by 2030. In the work environment, they are referred to oxymoronically as competitively ambivalent. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the reasons for this behavior and to identify initiatives that would facilitate understanding between Generation Z and other generations. The aim of the present study was to find out whether Generation Z in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which lives in conditions of deepening polarization of society and differentiated opportunities (e.g., in access to education, consumption of goods and services, work and entertainment), exhibits compatible value orientation or whether significant antagonisms exist in the value system. The study utilized the referential Schwartz's theory of values, which handles universal values dynamically. This theoretical framework was extended to include the dimension of instrumental values that were contextualized in the labor market environment. The results show that the representatives of Generation Z in the Czech Republic and Slovakia prefer collective values (Benevolence and Universalism) in the first two places. However, they subsequently lean toward two individual values (Hedonism and Self-Direction). The comparison of the results in the European context showed the same values being shared by the representatives of Generation Z with preference nuances. The comparison of Generation Z representatives with members of other generations in the European context showed consistency of sharing collective values (Benevolence and Universalism). Discussion: Intergenerational value congruence, as well as knowledge of the difference in preferred values across generations (the collectivism value of Tradition shared by Baby Boomers and Generation X, and Hedonism as an individualism value shared by Generation Y and Generation Z) can help the successful integration of Generation Z representatives in the labor market. A way toward intergenerational synergy can be the recommended strategies for managing Generation Z in the context of career paths: Flexibility of development; Gamification; Mentoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change and its negative impacts pose a threat to crop production in Kenya. However, climate change adaptation strategies have the potential to address the challenges faced by crop farmers. Despite this, there is limited literature to inform policy on the best interventions to help farmers deal with climate issues. This study assessed the determinants of climate change adaptation strategies and the intensity of their use among 723 crop farmers in Busia County, Kenya, selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), multinomial logit regression, and the ordered probit model. The climate change adaptation strategies were categorized into crop diversity, cover crops, use of drought-resistant crops, and irrigation. According to the results, the factors contributing to the uptake of the different adaptation strategies were age, household size, access to credit, training access, off-farm income, group membership, frequency of receiving climate change information, and extension services. The major factors influencing the uptake of multiple climate change adaptation strategies were access to credit and off-farm income. The study shows that certain adaptation strategies, such as using cover crops, do not require credit and offer an important option in an environment with limited resources. On the other hand, adaptation measures such as irrigation demand financial resources for farmers to implement them, highlighting the importance of information and awareness in adopting adaptation strategies and the supportive role of financial resources, particularly for adopting multiple strategies. Therefore, this study suggests implementing policies and interventions that encompass knowledge-based strategies such as extension services, training, climate change education, group participation, and financial mechanisms like income generation activities and access to credit. These integrated strategies will enable farmers to adopt various climate change adaptation methods for sustainable crop production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the evolution of retirement benefits in the United States over the past 50 years, with a focus on the role of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in tracking these changes. The passage of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) in 1974 had a significant impact on retirement benefits, establishing regulations for employer-provided plans. The article explores the shift from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans, as well as the various provisions and requirements of these plans. BLS has collected data on retirement benefits, including participation rates and plan details, since the late 1970s, providing valuable information on the changing retirement landscape. [Extracted from the article]

Previous research that considered African Americans as a homogenous group has determined that they are reluctant to invest in equities and corporate debt bonds, resulting in lost opportunities to build wealth. This study explored financial literacy, age and generational cohort identity, and socioeconomic factors as possible limitations to African Americans' engagement in financial markets to build wealth. Financial risk tolerance is usually measured using three basic approaches: (a) assessing investment portfolio assets; (b) assessing responses to subjective questions; and (c) assessing responses to hypothetical questions with specific scenarios. The third approach was utilized in this study by conducting a multidimensional risk analysis with a 13-item assessment that addressed the constructs of investment risk, risk comfort and experience, and speculative risk. African Americans appear to be no different from any other group of Americans when provided with education to improve their financial literacy and financial risk tolerance levels, which are critical for reaching long-term wealth goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Evolving Households: The Imprint of Technology on Life" by Jeremy Greenwood explores the impact of technological advancements on various aspects of household life. The book uses economic models and mathematical analyses to integrate historical data and examine long-term trends in U.S. households. Topics covered include the rise in female labor supply, the decline in fertility, the decline in marriage rates, the relationship between culture and technological advances, and the impact of technological progress on healthcare and retirement. The book argues that technology has had a substantial effect on household dynamics and provides economic statistics to support its claims. It is recommended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying economics, as well as researchers in history and sociology. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Sport & Tourism Central European Journal / Sport i Turystyka Srodkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe is the property of Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines work ethic differences between Baby Boomers (57-75 years old) and Generation Z (Gen Z; 25 years old and under). The Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (MWEP) is used to operationalize seven dimensions of work ethic. Findings indicate that the level of work ethic varies dramatically by generation. Specifically, the work ethic of Baby Boomer respondents varies significantly from the work ethic for Gen Z respondents across nearly every MWEP dimension. This may have important implications for corporate leaders, who are typically Baby Boomers, as they often lead new Gen Z employees, but also for reducing conflict that may arise between older and younger employees by promoting understanding. Keywords: Work ethic, work commitment, generational differences, Work ethic is commonly viewed as a construct incorporating work-related attitudes and values (Li et al., 2020; Porter, 2010) and has evolved with contributions from Judeo-Christian beliefs, Martin Luther, John [...]

GENERATIONS: THE REAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GEN Z, MILLENNIALS, GEN X, BOOMERS, AND SILENTS--AND WHAT THEY MEAN FOR AMERICA'S FUTURE by Jean M. Twenge ATRIA, 56O PAGES, $32-50 THE SEXUAL revolution [...]

This study explored the generation gap in American consumers' green perceptions and purchase intentions across four generations (Gen Z, Y, X, and Baby Boomers) from the perspectives of consumer socialization and social intelligence. Analyzing a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States (N = 19,450), the survey results revealed that the American consumer's green norms and beliefs varied by generation. A series of multiple regression analyses showed that each generation had similar but idiosyncratic beliefs in purchasing products from green companies. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study examined whether reserve-building activities are associated with attenuated reported depression among people who were disabled from work due to a medical condition as compared to employed, retired, and unemployed participants. Methods: This secondary analysis included 771 individuals who provided data at three time points: baseline (late Spring 2020), follow-up 1 (Spring 2021), and follow-up 2 (Fall 2021). The DeltaQuest Reserve-Building Measure assessed current activities related to brain health. An analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients assessed group differences in reserve-building activity scores. Classification and regression tree (CART) modeling investigated factors associated with higher and lower reported depression by employment group. The random effects (RE) models tested two buffering hypotheses: (1) comparing all groups to the employed group and (2) examining within-group effects. Results: Engaging in outdoor activities, exercise, and religious/spiritual activities was associated with reduced depression over time in the overall sample. While disabled participants endorsed lower levels of being Active in the World, Outdoor activities, and Exercise and higher levels of Inner Life and Passive Media Consumption than the other employment groups, more reserve-building activities distinguished depression levels in the disabled group's CART models compared to the others. Among the disabled, unemployed, and retired participants, engaging in any reserve-building activities was also associated with lower depression scores, which was distinct from the employed participants. In the RE models that used the employed group as the reference category, only the disabled group's level of depression was buffered by engaging in creative activities. In the within-group RE models, the disabled group's engagement in Religious/Spiritual, Outdoors, and Games was associated with substantially reduced within-group depression, which was different from the other employment groups. In contrast, reserve-building activities were not implicated at all as buffers for employed participants. Conclusion: This study revealed a beneficial effect of reserve-building activities on buffering depression over time during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for disabled people. It documented that even if such individuals engaged in lesser amounts of such activities as compared to other employment groups, the buffering effect was substantial. Given the low-cost and accessible nature of reserve-building activities, it would be worthwhile to encourage such activities for disabled individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every twenty years or so, a new generation emerges, in the sense of a large group of individuals with their own set of characteristics. And each generation is slightly different than the previous ones, and faces challenges in communicating with other generations. In this theoretical research, we analyze the various generations that exist, with a focus on their main characteristics, similarities and differences. There are six main generations, from the beginning of the 20th century (around 1920's till present day): (1) the mature generation; (2) baby boomers; (3) generation X; (4) generation Y; (5) generation Z and (5) generation Alpha. The purpose is to give a broad view about their main traits and recommendations about how to talk to each generation and we hope these ideas will help improve communication both at work, on a professional level and between generations, mainly on a personal level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides recommendations for the market design of Alberta's power market in the 21st century. The authors suggest adapting the market to accommodate a changing resource mix, ensure affordability and reliability, and promote decarbonization. They propose implementing a mandatory forward energy-contracting mechanism, modernizing the energy-only market with locational pricing and multi-settlement markets, and deploying interval meters to encourage flexible demand. The authors argue that these changes will enable the market to reflect the increasing variability on the supply side and flexibility on the demand side. They also address the need for regulatory intervention to ensure reliability in electricity markets and propose a standardized forward energy-contracting approach as a solution. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of changes to short-term markets to ensure reliability and security of supply during operations. The authors recommend implementing locational pricing, a day-ahead market, new ancillary service products, and widespread deployment of interval meters. They conclude that these recommendations, coupled with changes to short-term operations and increased involvement from the demand side, can improve reliability at a lower cost compared to alternative market designs. [Extracted from the article]

How do childhood experiences of wartime violence affect individuals' preferences for nuclear proliferation? This paper argues that individuals who experienced severe war violence during childhood are more likely to value the security-enhancing aspects of nuclear weapons. These individuals are more concerned about being exposed to additional wartime violence, so they view nuclear weapons as a deterrent against large-scale invasions. By utilizing the geographic variation of violence intensity during the Korean War, this paper compares the pre-war and post-war cohorts who resided in severely damaged regions and relatively safe areas. Within the pre-war cohort, I find that individuals who resided in war-torn areas are more supportive of nuclear proliferation than those who were exposed to less violence. This regional difference, however, is not substantial in the post-war generation. The results suggest that direct exposure to wartime violence during childhood increases public demand for nuclear weapons when confronted with security threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The spotted paca (Cuniculus paca) has been legally bred by small-scale producers in Brazil as an alternative source of protein. Although captive breeding of this species is considered relatively easy and promising for farmers, little is known about its welfare in captivity. Therefore, using boomer balls to induce object play, we investigated whether object play behavior can be used as a positive emotional state indicator for spotted pacas by examining whether it correlated with other pre-validated positive welfare markers, such as affiliative behavior and low amplitude bark vocalizations. As expected, we found that boomer balls stimulated play. At the same time, the spotted pacas showed more affiliative and exploratory behaviors, with decreased occurrence of agonistic interactions. We also found an increase in barking with low mean amplitude when the paca were provided with boomer balls. Object play behavior thus seems to be a promising non-invasive indicator of positive emotional state in this species because it was associated with an increase in low amplitude barks and more affiliative behavior. As object play can also improve welfare, stimulating its expression, through the provision of boomer balls, should be encouraged on spotted paca farms. We aimed to assess whether object play can be used as a positive emotional state indicator for farmed spotted pacas (Cuniculus paca) by examining its association with other positive welfare markers including affiliative behavior and low-amplitude vocalizations. We submitted six groups of spotted pacas (one male/two females per group) (N = 18) to an ABA experimental design (A1/A2: without ball; B: with three boomer balls). Object play behavior occurred only during phase B (mean = 35.5 s, SE = 6.4). The spotted pacas spent more time in affiliative and exploratory behaviors and less time engaging in agonistic interactions during phase B than in both control phases (A1 and A2) (p < 0.05). Moreover, the spotted pacas emitted more low-amplitude bark vocalizations during phase B than during either control phase (p < 0.05), and such vocalizations have previously been shown to indicate a positive affective state and low arousal level. Because the expression of object play was associated with a decrease in aggression, an increase in affiliative behavior, and an increase in low-amplitude barking, we suggest that object play can be used as a non-invasive indicator of positive emotional state in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is the development of a conceptual design proposal for the official residence for the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito on the Adriatic coast of Miločer, Budva (1975-1980). The research aims to unveil patterns of the regionalist approach within urban and architectural thought in the Socialist Republic of Montenegro (SR Montenegro) through the project of the presidential complex, shown here for the first time since its official presentation to the president himself in 1976. In methodological terms, the paper examines multiple layers of historical background of Miločer that affected the designers' process of thinking, followed by a clear-cut description of the planning procedures, methodologies and reasoning that emerged from the archives and first-hand witnesses of the whole process. The final results reflect on the critical approach within the practice of the post-war generation of Montenegrin architects, successfully balancing between the poles of power-representation and contemporary architectural currents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data describing all "Top 5" economics journal publications from 1969 to 2018, we examine what determines which authors produce less as they age and which retire earlier. Sub‐field has no impact on the rate of production, but interacts with it to alter retirement probabilities. A positive, tentative, and contemporary writing style increases persistence in publishing. Authors whose previous work was more heavily cited produce slightly more. Those better‐cited with more top‐flight publications retire later than others. Declining publication with age arises mostly from habit—there is a very significant increasing positive autocorrelation of publication across the decades of a career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of social pensions on old‐age poverty. To achieve causal identification, we leverage the reduction in the minimum eligibility age of Mexico's flagship non‐means‐tested social pension program. We find that the program's expansion significantly reduced extreme poverty, mainly among indigenous seniors and in rural areas. However, it had negligible effects on labor force participation, suggesting that social pensions were not effective in ensuring minimum economic well‐being and simultaneously inducing retirement among seniors at early stages of old age. The program's small cash transfer and mistargeting are among the main explanations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the perceptions of work values among different generational groups (Boomers, Generation 386, Generation X and Millennials) in the Korean Government sector. Design/methodology/approach: Using a sample of 1,084 employees working in the Korean Government sector, this study compared generational differences in work values with seven dimensions: detail, aggressiveness, team orientation, outcome orientation, people orientation, innovation and organization orientation. Findings: This study found that Millennials had the most significant differences in aggression, team-orientation, innovation and organization-focus, compared to Generation 386. Millennials were less aggressive and more team-oriented and innovative than Generation 386. Millennials also put less value on the organization compared to Generation X and Generation 386, indicating that Millennials are less willing than other generations to sacrifice their individual needs for the needs of the organization. Generation X had higher values in supportiveness, fairness and respect for individuals than Generation 386. Originality/value: This study adds to the current literature by empirically examining how employees' work values are influenced by the generational differences of the workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasting of the outcome of saving for retirement is challenging, particularly for individuals who have limited financial literacy. We explore how reducing that barrier by offering personalized information affects long-term savings. To this end, we randomly offered personalized information or general information within the context of individual retirement accounts in Chile. Personalized information increased voluntary pension savings. Heterogeneity analysis suggests that the updating of priors by information recipients played an important role. However, despite the significant short-term response to the intervention, its temporary nature and limited magnitude are not enough to meaningfully alter the annuity payment that would be obtained from the savings stock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Forecasts suggest that older adults will place unprecedented demands on future health care systems. Electronic health (eHealth) resources can potentially mitigate some pressures, but to be effective patients need to be able to use them. The negative relationship between eHealth literacy and age usually results in older adults classified as one homogenous mass, which misses the opportunity to tailor interventions. Objective: This research examines similarities and differences within the baby boom cohort among a sample that uses the internet for health information. Methods: We used an electronic survey with random samples of baby boomers (N = 996) from the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. Key Results: Four distinct subgroups, or segments, emerged. While not different from a socioeconomic perspective, these four groups have very different levels of eHealth literacy and corresponding health behaviors. Therefore, we contribute a more complex picture than is usually presented in eHealth studies. Conclusions: Resulting insights offer a useful starting point for providers wishing to better tailor health products, services, and communications to this large cohort of future older individuals. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2024;8(1):e3–e11.] Plain Language Summary: We researched the ability to find and use eHealth information among an international cohort of baby boomers. We identified four distinct groups whose use of ehealth differs considerably from each other. Findings give guidance to health care providers on how they can work with the different groups to encourage better health care management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]