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An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses reports within the issue on topics that are selected from the 7th International Doctoral Workshop on Mathematical and Engineering Methods in Computer Science.

La hipocalcemia subclínica y la cetosis subclínica se presentan en la mayoría de las vacas lecheras en los primeros días posparto, esto último aumenta el riesgo de otras enfermedades y disminuye la producción láctea. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la administración de sales de calcio y precursores de glucosa sobre la concentración sérica de calcio y de cuerpos cetónicos en leche de vacas lecheras multíparas posparto. Se utilizaron 16 vacas de la raza Holstein de dos a cuatro partos, con condición corporal entre 3.25 a 3.75 puntos, las cuales se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en tres grupos. De 1 a 2 h después del parto, las vacas del Grupo 1 (n = 5) recibieron 700 g de propionato de calcio disuelto en 10 L de agua mediante una sonda esofágica y una bomba manual. A las vacas del Grupo 2 (n = 6) se les administró, vía intravenosa, 500 mL de una solución de borogluconato de calcio a 23% y 500 mL de propilenglicol vía oral. Las vacas del Grupo 3 (testigo n = 5) no recibieron tratamiento. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de 1 a 2 h después del parto (antes del tratamiento) y luego se tomaron otras dos muestras a las 12 y 24 h, en las que se determinó la concentración sérica de calcio. A los tres, siete y 10 días posparto se determinó la concentración de β-hidroxibutirato en leche. Los resultados fueron analizados por medio de análisis de varianza multivariado para un diseño de mediciones repetidas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la concentración sérica de calcio entre los tratamientos (F2,13 =1.0488, P = 0.3782). En la producción de leche, a los 10 y 60 días posparto, se encontró diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos (F2,13 = 4.1338, P = 0.0408). Se encontró diferencia significativa entre la proporción de casos de cetosis entre los grupos 1 y 2 (Ji cuadrada = 5.238; P = 0.0455). La administración oral de 700 g de propionato de calcio 1 a 2 h posparto no aumenta la concentración sérica de calcio, reduce la frecuencia de cetosis subclínica y puede aumentar la producción de leche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subclinical hypocalcemia and ketosis are common diseases in mostly dairy cows in the first days postpartum, increasing the risk for other diseases and decreasing milk production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of postpartum administration of calcium salts and glucose precursors on the concentration of serum calcium and ketone bodies in milk of multiparous dairy cows. Sixteen Holstein cows with two to four calvings and body condition from 3.25 to 3.75 points were utilized and randomized into three groups. Cows of the Group 1 (n = 5) received 700 g of calcium propionate diluted in 10 L of water by a esophageal pump system between 1 and 2 h after calving. Cows of the Group 2 (n = 6) were treated intravenously with 500 mL of calcium borogluconate solution (23%) and 500 mL of propylene glycol as an oral drench. The control Group (n = 5) did not receive any treatment. Blood samples were collected 1 to 2 h after calving (before treatment) and two more samples 12 and 24 h after calving for determination of calcium in serum. Levels of β-hydroxybutyrate were assessed in milk at days 3, 7 and 10 postpartum. The results were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures. There were no significant differences in serum concentration of calcium between treatments (F2,13 = 1.0488, P = 0.3782). A significant difference in milk production was found among treatments (F2,13 = 4.1338, P = 0.0408) at days 10 and 60 postpartum. The significant difference in the proportion of cases of subclinical ketosis was registered between groups 1 and 2 ( chi square = 5.238; P = 0.0455). Oral administration of 700 g of calcium propionate 1 to 2 h postpartum, does not increase serum calcium concentration, reduces frequency of subclinical ketosis and can increase milk production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to describe alterations in blood clinical biochemistry and urinalysis which enable to establish the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in dogs. Thirty cases of diabetic dogs were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria, urine density above 1.014 and polyuria-polydipsia. Dogs of different breeds, from 7 months to 14 years of age and both genders (73.3% females and 26.7% males) were studied. The most frequent biochemical alterations in blood serum were: hyperglycemia (100%), increased urea (46%) and creatinine (13%), increase of enzyme activities ALT (50%), AST (46%), alkaline phosphatase (56%), amylase (20%), creatine kinase (66%); hypercholesterolemia (66%), hyperglobulinemia (33%), hyperphosphoremia (33%), hyperkaliemia (43%), hyponatremia (16%), hypochloremia (46%), hypobicarbonatemia (50%), increased anion gap (53%), increased strong ion difference (30%), increased serum osmolality (23%) and hypertriglyceridemia (50%). The urine density was between 1.015 and 1.064, mean value of urine glucose 49 mmol/L. Urine ketone bodies were detected in 10% of all cases. Described alterations in clinical biochemistry are important for the diagnosis, clinical care, and prognosis of dogs with diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The objective of this study was to describe changes in hemogram and selected biochemical analytes in blood and urine of 40 dogs with diabetes mellitus. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria and urine specific gravity above 1.015. Dogs of different breeds, from 4 to 14 years of age and both genders (30 females and 10 males) were studied. The analyzed diagnostic procedures were: packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and differential cell count, Wintrobe index: mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, plasma proteins, globulins, serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase (AP), glucosuria and specific gravity. Anemia was present in 47.5% of the cases, nonregenerative normocytic-normochromic anemia in 37.5%, nonregenerative normocytic-hyperchromic anemia in 5.0% and nonregenerative microcytic-normochromic anemia in 5.0%. Leukocytosis was present in 15.0% cases, leukopenia in 10.0%, neutrophilia in 47.5%, left shift in 30.0%, lymphocytosis in 5.0%, lymphopenia in 27.5%, monocytosis in 5.0%, eosinopenia in 42.50% and eosinophilia in 10.0%. Only 10.0% of all dogs did not presented hemogram abnormalities. Alterations such as anemia, secondary inflammation and stress, are frequent in this pathology; for which they should be considered for clinical care, prognosis and to evaluate diabetic dog's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Veterinaria México is the property of Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia UNAM and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to present the most important clinical-pathological findings of ethylene glycol poisoning for early diagnosis and adequate treatment. A clinical case of a female dog which consumed a toxic amount of ethylene glycol and presented tachycardia, tachypnea, seizures and vomiting, is described blood samples were taken for determination of acid-base equilibrium, hemogram and serum chemistry. The laboratory changes were: partially compensated metabolic acidosis, increased anion gap, relative erythrocytosis, leukogram response to stress, renal hyperazotemia and monohydrate calcium oxalate crystals in urine sediment. Calcium oxalate crystals in renal tubules and brain observed by histopathology confirmed ethylene glycol poisoning. The adequate use of laboratory tests and the early diagnosis, as well as the early treatment, determine the prognosis of the animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo del presente estudio fue dar a conocer los hallazgos clínico-patológicos más importantes de la intoxicación con etilenglicol, con el fin de diagnosticarla con prontitud y tomar decisiones terapéuticas adecuadas. Se tomó como referencia el caso clínico de una perra, la cual consumió una cantidad tóxica de etilenglicol y presentó taquicardia, taquipnea, convulsiones y vómito. Se tomaron muestras de sangre para evaluar equilibrio ácido-base, hemograma y bioquímica sanguínea. Los cambios fueron: acidosis metabólica parcialmente compensada, elevación importante de ácidos orgánicos, eritrocitosis relativa, leucograma de estrés, hiperazotemia renal y cristales de oxalato de calcio monohidratado en sedimento urinario. Mediante histopatología se observaron cristales de oxalato de calcio en túbulos renales y encéfalo, y se confirmó el diagnóstico de intoxicación con etilenglicol. El diagnóstico oportuno con el uso adecuado de las pruebas de laboratorio, así como la terapia inmediata, determina el pronóstico en el animal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]